HISTORYHISTORY— PAST AND PERSPECTIVE U.S.S.R. founder and former commander of the Soviet Army AP Images Leon Trotsky, a Bolshevik revolutionary and Marxist intellectual Neoconservatism’s Deadly Influence A look at the roots of neoconservatism and the reasons why this deadly movement must be rejected in favor of the true conservatism as envisioned by our Founders. by John F. McManus respects from the conservatism of the didly presented the movement’s attitude Republican party. We … accepted the in a 1989 article appearing in Kristol’s A neoconservative is a liberal who New Deal in principle, and had little journal, The National Interest. Boldly has been mugged by reality. affection for the kind of isolation- calling for the integration of the United — Irving Kristol ism that then permeated American States, Europe, and Japan, he yearned for a conservatism. “super-sovereign” state that would be “ec- he above definition has joyfully and onomically, culturally, and politically he- repeatedly been cited by many de- There you have it: neoconservatism’s most gemonic in the world.” Not satisfied with T fenders of neoconservatism. They prominent adherent wants it to be linked such a novel creation, he further urged a consider their branch of political thought to Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal “new universalism [which] would require a benign movement even though its clout socialism and, because of its rejection of the conscious depreciation not only of has been recognized as dominant over the “isolationism,” to be further identified as American sovereignty but of the notion Bush administration. Kristol likely hopes a champion of meddling in the affairs of of sovereignty in general.” And he added: that everyone who learns of his quip will other nations. The opposite of isolation- “This is not as outrageous as it sounds.” emit a slight chuckle and remain con- ism, of course, is interventionism, a tactic Maybe not to a neoconservative, but a real vinced that neoconservatism is no threat favored by all neoconservatives. Earlier, conservative and especially a constitution- to the nation. in 1983, Kristol claimed that “a conser- alist wouldn’t hesitate for a moment in la- But Irving Kristol, who has willingly vative welfare state is perfectly consistent beling such ideas “outrageous.” accepted the title of “Godfather of Neo- with the neoconservative perspective.” conservatism,” earlier produced a more Old-line conservatives would justly label Neoconservatism’s Roots incisive definition of the movement he the phrase “conservative welfare state” a During the 1960s and into the 1970s, the helped to create. In his 1995 book Neo- classic oxymoron. By 1993, in a piece he “small but talented and articulate group” conservatism: the Autobiography of an authored for the Wall Street Journal, the Kristol haughtily described sought a new Idea, he wrote: Godfather lauded Social Security, Medi- home for its ideology. Leftists to the core, care, food stamps, and Medicaid, even a most were followers of Leon Trotsky, the It describes the erosion of liberal faith cash allowance for the children of unwed revolutionary communist leader who was among a relatively small but talented mothers. Virtually any socialist program expelled from Russia following a power and articulate group … (which grad- can count on support from the neoconser- struggle with Stalin in the 1920s. They ually gained more recruits) toward vative camp. didn’t like Stalin, but they did like the style a more conservative point of view: As for interventionist meddling, neo- of communism advocated by Trotsky. In conservative but different in certain conservative Charles Krauthammer can- his 1995 book Neoconservatism, Kristol 36 THE NEW AMERICAN • JANUARY 22, 2007 HISTORYHISTORY— PAST AND PERSPECTIVE proudly stated, “I regard myself as lucky to have been a young Trotskyite and I have not a single bitter memory.” As students of the communist movement well know, Trotsky broke with Stalin in 1927 merely over which tactics would best succeed in achieving the world domination each sought. Run out of Russia by his former partner in monstrous crime, Trotsky ended up in Mexico, never renounced his desire to communize or so- cialize the world, and went to his Maker when one of Stalin’s henchmen plunged an axe into his skull in 1940. The Trotsky link provides a key to un- derstanding neoconservatives. Writing in 1995 in the CFR journal Foreign Affairs The countercultural excesses of the New Left during the 1972 Democratic candidacy of Sen. about John Erhman’s The Rise of Neocon- George McGovern (center) encouraged neoconservatism’s godfather and others to move to servatism, reviewer John Judis confirmed the GOP. Pictured at McGovern’s right during a campaign stop in Little Rock, Arkansas, is a that “the other important influence on neo- youthful campaign worker named Bill Clinton. AP Images conservatives was the legacy of Trotsky.... Many of the founders of neoconservatism anti-communist GOP conservatives who controls, and the use of America’s military including The Public Interest founder Irving seemed oblivious to the fact they were under UN auspices to build George H.W. Kristol … were either members of or close welcoming socialists and internationalists Bush’s “new world order.” (Though Bush to the Trotskyite left in the late 1930s and into their midst. never defined the term “new world order,” early 1940s.” Other important early lead- Neocons didn’t exert much influence it has long been known to mean socialism ers of the movement included Commentary during the Ford- and Carter-led 1970s, al- and world government, the cardinal tenets Editor Norman Podhoretz, his wife Midge though many more moved into the GOP. of neoconservatism.) Newly identifiable Decter, Ben Wattenberg, Edward Luttwak, They found they had a good friend in Ron- neocons in the first Bush administration Elliott Abrams, Carl Gershman, Michael ald Reagan when he courted them during included Defense Department leaders Ledeen, and Nathan Glazer. Among later his 1980 campaign and then gave several Dick Cheney, Paul Wolfowitz, and Rich- adherents could be found Michael Novak, of them administration posts when he tri- ard Perle. Delighted to be in charge of the William Bennett, Jeane Kirkpatrick, Daniel umphed. Long on pleasing rhetoric but world’s only remaining superpower, they Moynihan, Wall Street Journal editorialist short on comparable performance, Rea- set out to use America’s armed might to Robert Bartley, and Kristol’s son William, gan named Jeane Kirkpatrick ambassador force their brand of “democracy” on the who currently presides over The Weekly to the UN, and Richard Perle and Elliott world. Standard. Abrams were given posts in the Defense Buckley’s little-known preference for Many of the early neocons were Demo- Department. To a man, neocons joined the neocon agenda, both its foreign and crats. But in 1972, they were repulsed by Kristol in praising Reagan for being “the domestic policy elements, deserves men- the Democratic candidacy of George Mc- first Republican president to pay tribute to tion. In 1952, while he was serving in the Govern because of his isolationism and his Franklin D. Roosevelt.” CIA in what he later termed a “deep cover” embrace of the countercultural excesses assignment in Mexico, the widely accepted of the New Left (drugs, free love, radical More Neocon Successes leader of American conservatism wrote in feminism, homosexuality, etc.). What they No review of the rise of neoconservative Commonweal magazine of the need for saw propelled the early neocons to seek a prominence is complete without noting the “Big Government for the duration,” and for new home in the Republican Party. Irving role played by William F. Buck- Kristol explained that the South Dakota ley in bringing it about. In 1991, senator’s strident opposition to the Viet- Buckley sponsored an invitation- In a 1996 edition of The Essential nam War and willing acceptance of the only, three-day conference for two Neoconservative Reader, editor Mark New Left’s attack on traditional values dozen conservative Republicans. “signified that the Democratic Party was Enthusiastically described by Kris- Gerson jubilantly observed, “The not hospitable to any degree of neoconser- tol, the event saw attendees arrive neoconservatives have so changed vatism.” He wrote that he and a few others as conservatives first, but “by the arrived at the “obvious conclusion that we end of the meeting, a significant re- conservatism that what we now would have to try to find a home in the versal had occurred.... Most were identify as conservatism is largely Republican party.” Find a home they did! Republicans first and conservatives And they were giddily accepted, not only second.” They would now accept what was once neoconservatism.” by liberal Republicans but also by many increased taxation, more federal THE NEW AMERICAN • JANUARY 22, 2007 37 HISTORYHISTORY— PAST AND PERSPECTIVE “large armies and air forces, atomic energy, central intelligence, war production boards and the attendant centralization of power in Washington — even with Truman at the reins of it all.” Even before Irving Kristol, Norman Podhoretz, and other neocon lu- minaries, and even before anyone had even heard the term neoconservative, Buckley was promoting its agenda. More than any other individual, Buckley succeeded dur- ing 50 years of clever duplicity in taking real conservatives away from their roots and into the grasp of the neocons.* In a 1996 edition of The Essential Neo- conservative Reader, editor Mark Gerson jubilantly observed, “The neoconserva- tives have so changed conservatism that what we now identify as conservatism is largely what was once neoconservatism. Pied piper: National Review founder William F. Buckley led conservatives astray to a And in so doing, they have defined the thinly disguised liberal/internationalist ideology now known as neoconservatism. He is shown here when he ran for mayor of New York City in 1965.