DOCSLIB.ORG

Nigeria Nigeria

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nigeria Nigeria 108 – Nigeria Nigeria NIGERIA M 2006 At a Glance T É G A O G R E Tahoua M A R D Tillaberi A D E NIGER A N ig G Mao e Population (mn) 134.4 r N A Zinder M m a Niamey Ri be Lac� Bol u Yo Maradi Diffa ug ad Tchad m o Dosso Sokoto Katsina K Kaura� Population Growth (annual %) 2.1 M a Namoda ra d S G i na Birnin Kebbi o a e a a g r G d k e a ot r a gu d o e u a N'Djamena ejia m d g ad a a H J N Gusau m Diapaga o o m t FASO K a o Kano r k Dutse e o Damaturu s BURKINA� d S e Maiduguri TCHAD Y A Potiskum Official Language R English i O r C o b a A li g T A n u a 'A Zaria ol u B L riga g o a on E r M G A D k R L é E A o g N M D I o N Maroua n A e H A C Lac� M a Kaduna s n Mubi t du Zaranda Hill� Bauchi a M Currency Naira (NGN) Kainji K 1454 m Gombe Bongor BENIN Deba Natitingou Jos Kumo K a b 549 m PLATEAU� ia N é a Minna Sara Peak� n Jimeta m i g u 1690 m é Parakou JOS e d r a B O u K é no Kishi Yola Garoua ué GDP (Current US$ bn) 116.4 Bida Abuja Keffi o Igboho Jalingo r a Shaki Lafiagi F A Dimlang� K Lafia I a 2042 m T ad N Hoséré� Llorin A M Mts SHEBSHI L Vokré� ue A 2049 m Ogbomosho Ikirun Ben s TOGO Ila t Oyo Inisa M Llora Lokoja GDP Growth (annual %) Oshogbo na 5.3 i Ede V Ado-Ekiti o é Firditi r r Makurdi Tchabal� é Iwo Ikare 1500 m a Llesha F b Ife Mbabo� M IkerreOka Okene D Ikire K o 2460 m É Abeokuta at A O U A r M Akure sin n Mts� D A Ngaoundéré D Ibadan e a g 'A Abomey a L A Owo g Idah A GOTEL D E Ijebu-IgboOndo i la M f Y Lokossa Shagamu N U Ijebu-Ode 2019 m D Uromi IF Mushin Epe Eha-Amufu Ngol-Kedju� S GDP Per Capita (US$) 866 Porto Novo Ikorodu Hill� S Enugu 2000 m A Cotonou Lagos M Benin City�Asaba Abakaliki bam Awka M D C LA Onitsha j ES ES V ES Bamenda é D � r Bouar O TE Sapele e C Ihiala Ugep m 2679 m Warri AfikpoCOLLINES� m Owerri OBAN Lo BafoussamN BAIE DU BENIN Umuahia REPUBLIQUE� FDI, net inflows (US$ mn) (2005) 3,403 o u B B n o u O Calabar CENTRAFRICAINE m ï Aba e B b U Uyo d o é u a a m g K CAMEROUN I b C a I Port Harcourt Oron San é H Opobo Mont� Bertoua I E S Cameroun � Douala D N IG ER 4100 m External Debt (US$ mn) U U BIA FR A 4,800 D BA IE Buea Yaoundé Malabo g Pico de� N yo n GOLFE DE GUINEE Santa Isabel� 3008 m Ile de Bioko� Guinée Equatoriale D ja External Debt/GDP (%) 3.5 Ebolowa O C E A N � Pointe Epote N tem K om ATLANTIQUE GUINEE� GABON CONGO CPI Inflation (annual %) 8.6 SovereignEQUATORIALE Ratings GEOATLAS - Copyright1998 Graphi-Ogre Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 53.7 Long Local0 km 100 200 300 400 km Foreign Term Currency Currency Gross Official Reserves (US$ bn) 37 Fitch BB BB – Gross Official Reserves (in months of imports) 11.7 UNDP HDI RANKing 159 S&P BB BB – Source: AfDB, IMF, UNCTAD, UNDP, UN Population Division 1. Overview of Financial System which had been set at 13%. The MRR has now been The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is the country’s replaced with the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) set at autonomous monetary authority. Established in 1958, 10%. the CBN is the banker and financial adviser to the All financial sector regulatory agencies in Nigeria Federal Government, acts as the lender of last resort are part of the Financial Services Regulation to banks, is responsible for setting monetary policy, Coordinating Committee (FSRCC), which and ensures the smooth functioning of the financial coordinates supervisory activities across the various system. The central bank is guided by various financial sectors. regulations, including the Central Bank of Nigeria Act of 1958 as amended in a series of Decrees, Non-Bank Financial Sector the last one in 1999 being the CBN Decree 1999 The banking and insurance sectors each have a Amendment. separate regulatory authority and supervisory body, N For over 20 years, the aim of monetary policy has the Central Bank of Nigeria and the National Insurance been to develop a market-oriented financial system for Commission (NAICOM) respectively. effective mobilisation of financial savings and efficient Since 2005, these regulators have implemented resource allocation. The main instrument of the sweeping reforms of these financial sectors, aimed market-based framework is Open Market Operations. at restoring the health of the financial system. The This is complemented by reserve requirements and CBN enforced a new regulation for banks to increase discount window operations. their minimum capital base to NGN 25 bn (USD The Apex authority, in late 2006, abolished its 190 mn), from a previous NGN 2 bn (USD 16 mn). prime rate, the Minimum Rediscount Rate (MRR), This sparked a series of mergers and acquisitions as Nigeria – 109 banks sought to consolidate their market positions, continent, behind South-Africa and Egypt. Banking reducing the number of banks from 89 to 25 more and conglomerate stocks have historically been the healthy institutions. These 25 private banks form most active on the NSE. There is also a commodity the largest component of the financial system, with exchange, the Abuja Commodities Exchange, which the 10 largest of them accounting for over 60% of was established in 2006. the aggregate assets and 72% of liabilities. It is Nigeria’s bond market has for many years been expected that with the increase in market share and overshadowed by its equity market. There have been shareholders value, a second wave of market-driven recent efforts by the regulatory authorities to develop banking consolidation will occur. a thriving bond market in the country. The market Subsequently, in October 2006, the Government, offers bonds issued by the Federal Government and through the CBN, allocated USD 7 bn of its growing sub-national State issuers. Government debt issues foreign exchange reserves (USD 45 bn as at January re-emerged in 2003, and the Federal Government, 2007) to be jointly managed by domestic and through the Debt Management Office (DMO), now international fund managers. 14 of the 25 commercial frequently issues bonds. Total government bonds banks were allocated USD 500 mn each to manage outstanding stood at NGN 750 bn (USD 6 bn) at the with foreign partners. These alliances aim to transfer end of the first quarter of 2007. technical expertise from the foreign institutions to the Recent developments in the financial system have domestic firms, in order to enhance overall operational been positive, specifically the strengthening of capabilities of the sector. financial institutions, and also the improvements in The insurance sector in Nigeria just emerged from capital markets. Banks are increasingly developing an 18-month consolidation phase in February 2007 that investment banking capabilities, as opposed to enforced a minimum capital base of NGN 3 bn for general strictly only retail banking, which is evidence of an insurance and NGN 2 bn for life insurance. There are evolving financial market. There is now a great deal now 71 firms, down from 104 that had been in operation, of international interest, and indeed participation, which have brought the industry capitalisation to over in the Nigerian financial system, from investments NGN 200 bn from a pre-consolidation level of NGN in stocks and treasury bonds to private equity 30 bn. Demand for insurance services in the country investments. This trend is expected to continue has historically been low due to a lack of capacity and as economic and political fundamentals, such as low insurance awareness. The recapitalisation exercise reduced inflation, improving growth rates, fiscal aims to increase the sectors underwriting and retention accountability, and transparency, are expected to capacity to encourage growth, thereby improving the be maintained. industry’s health and profitability. 2. Fixed Income Markets Capital Markets Government Securities Regulated by the Securities and Exchange Government securities are the sole debt instrument Commission (SEC), the Nigerian capital market is issued frequently in the bond market. These securities centered on one stock exchange, the Nigerian Stock are issued by the Debt Management Office, a semi- Exchange (NSE). Established in 1961, with a total of autonomous body established in 2001. The DMO is 19 securities listed for trading, there are 289 listed charged with the responsibility of managing Nigeria’s securities, with a stock market capitalisation of some external and domestic debt and also to carry out a USD 46 bn as at January 2007. number of reforms to make the government bond The country boasts the third-largest stock market more liquid through increased issuance of exchange by market capitalisation in the African government securities. 110 – Nigeria Primary market bills are issued in 91-, 182-, and 365- with a set issuance calendar). Government bonds day tenors.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • NIGERIA, YEAR 2018: Update on Incidents According to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) Compiled by ACCORD, 25 February 2020
    NIGERIA, YEAR 2018: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) compiled by ACCORD, 25 February 2020 Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality Number of reported fatalities National borders: GADM, November 2015a; administrative divisions: GADM, November 2015b; incid- ent data: ACLED, 22 February 2020; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 NIGERIA, YEAR 2018: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 25 FEBRUARY 2020 Contents Conflict incidents by category Number of Number of reported fatalities 1 Number of Number of Category incidents with at incidents fatalities Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality 1 least one fatality Violence against civilians 705 566 2853 Conflict incidents by category 2 Battles 474 373 2470 Development of conflict incidents from 2009 to 2018 2 Protests 427 3 3 Riots 213 61 154 Methodology 3 Strategic developments 117 3 4 Conflict incidents per province 4 Explosions / Remote 100 84 759 violence Localization of conflict incidents 4 Total 2036 1090 6243 Disclaimer 8 This table is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 22 February 2020). Development of conflict incidents from 2009 to 2018 This graph is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 22 February 2020). 2 NIGERIA, YEAR 2018: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 25 FEBRUARY 2020 Methodology on what level of detail is reported. Thus, towns may represent the wider region in which an incident occured, or the provincial capital may be used if only the province The data used in this report was collected by the Armed Conflict Location & Event is known.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Geophysical Investigation of a Suspected Spring in Igbokoran, Ikare-Akoko, Southwestern Nigeria
    IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics (IOSR-JAGG) e-ISSN: 2321–0990, p-ISSN: 2321–0982.Volume 3, Issue 5 Ver. I (Sep. - Oct. 2015), PP 83-91 www.iosrjournals.org Integrated Geophysical Investigation of a Suspected Spring in Igbokoran, Ikare-Akoko, Southwestern Nigeria Onoja S.O1, Osifila A.J2, 1(Department of Physics, kogi State University Anyigba,Nigeria) 2(Department of Applied Geophysics, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria) Abstract: An integrated geophysical investigation involving self potential (SP), very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and electrical resistivity methods (VES) were conducted around a suspected spring in Igbokoran, Ikare Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria in other to understand the nature of the spring as well as evaluate the feasibility of ground water development in the area. Three geophysical traverses of length 240m each were established in the study area in approximately E-W direction. VLF-EM measurements with station spacing of 10m was used as reconnaissance to delineate conductive zones between 70-160m along traverse 1, 80-170 m along traverse 2 and 60-180m along traverse 3.This was then followed by a total of six (6) VES stations along traverses 2 and 3 using the Schlumberger array with electrode spacing (AB/2) ranging from 1 to 150m. Three geoelectric layers (Top layer, weathered layer, and fresh basement) were delineated along all traverses and a suspected fractured basement along traverse three .The Self Potential (SP) measurements were carried out at 5m electrode separation employing the total fixed base array. SP profiles were generated which show anomalies with short negative amplitudes some of which coincides with the spring zone.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Nigerian Pidgin in Media Adverts
    International Journal of English Linguistics; Vol. 4, No. 2; 2014 ISSN 1923-869X E-ISSN 1923-8703 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The Use of Nigerian Pidgin in Media Adverts Joseph Babasola Osoba1 1 Department of English, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria Correspondence: Joseph Babasola Osoba, Department of English, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Received: November 27, 2013 Accepted: February 1, 2014 Online Published: March 26, 2014 doi:10.5539/ijel.v4n2p26 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v4n2p26 Abstract The use of Nigerian Pidgin seems to have gained a wider currency since Nigeria’s independence in 1960. Among the educated and barely educated, the pidgin is used profusely in many spheres of life, especially in informal situations. In the mass media (television, radio, magazines and newspapers), schools, higher institutions of learning, government offices, etc., pidgin discourse abounds. In fact, despite the fact that it is not yet an official lingua franca in the country, it is a daily phenomenon in every day affair of an average Nigerian. The nature of Nigerian Pidgin, its easy mode of acquisition as well as the multilingual background of Nigerians may have been responsible for its present status and functions. In the light of the above, I am interested in how meaning is assigned to a piece of pidgin discourse, especially an advert in Nigerian Pidgin. Thus the goal of this paper is to establish how pidgin adverts communicate the intended meaning of their advertisers and how the audiences perceive them through an application of “Presupposition” and “Implicature” as conceptual or theoretical tools.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sahel and West Africa Club
    2011 – 2012 WORK PRIORITIES GOVERNANCE THE CLUB AT A GLANCE SAHEL AND WEST AFRICA Club he Strategy and Policy Group (SPG) brings together Club Members twice a year Secretariat 1973. Extreme drought in the Sahel; creation of the “Permanent Inter-State Committee for Drought Food security: West African Futures Tto defi ne the Club’s work priorities and approve the programme of work and Control in the Sahel” (CILSS). The Club’s work focuses on settlement trends and market dynamics, analysing how budget as well as activity and fi nancial reports. Members also ensure the Club’s these two factors impact agricultural activities and food security conditions in smooth functioning through their fi nancial contributions (minimum contribution 1976. Creation of the “Club du Sahel” at the initiative of CILSS and some OECD member countries aiming West Africa. Building on a literature review and analyses of existing information, agreed upon by consensus) and designate the Club President. The position is at mobilising the international community in support of the Sahel. it questions the coherence of data currently used for policy and strategy design. It currently held by Mr. François-Xavier de Donnea, Belgian Minister of State. Under Secrétariat du also highlights the diffi culty of cross-country comparisons, which explains why the management structure of the OECD Secretariat for Global Relations, the SWAC THE SAHEL 1984. Another devastating drought; creation of the “Food Crisis Prevention Network” (RPCA) at the DU SAHEL ET DE it is almost impossible to construct a precise description of regional food security Secretariat is in charge of implementing the work programme.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydro-Geochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Akoko North West Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria
    ISSN = 1980-993X – doi:10.4136/1980-993X www.ambi-agua.net E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: (12) 3625-4212 Hydro-geochemical evaluation of groundwater quality in Akoko North West local government area of Ondo State, Nigeria (http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.851) Temitope D. T. Oyedotun1; Opeyemi Obatoyinbo2 1Department of Geography and Planning Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Adekunle Ajasin University, P. M. B. 001, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria. e-mail: [email protected]; 2Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, P. M. B. 001, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria. e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT A sudden geometric increase in population of Akoko North West Local Government Area of Ondo State has led to an increase in demand for water and harnessing of subsurface water reserve. A total of twenty six water samples obtained from both boreholes and hand-dug wells were analyzed for their physico-chemical characteristics with the aim of assessing their quality, usability and also to determine the level of their contamination in the local government which is dominated by granite gneisses, charnockites, and augen gneisses as the main rock types. The following physico-chemical properties were analyzed for in the samples collected: electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total alkalinity (TA), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) with major cations (Na+, 2+ 2+ 3- - 3- 2+ 2+ + + Mg , Ca ), anions (PO4 , HCO3 , SO4 ) and several heavy metals
    [Show full text]
  • Print This Article
    International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature ISSN 2200-3592 (Print), ISSN 2200-3452 (Online) Vol. 3 No. 4; July 2014 Copyright © Australian International Academic Centre, Australia Lexical Variation in Akokoid Fádorò, Jacob Oludare Department of Linguistics and African Languages, University of Ibadan, Nigeria E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Received: 15-02- 2014 Accepted: 01-04- 2014 Published: 01-07- 2014 doi:10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.3n.4p.198 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.3n.4p.198 Abstract Language contact among Akokoid, Yoruboid and Edoid has resulted in extensive borrowing from Yoruboid and Edoid to Akokoid. Thus, the speech forms subsumed under Akokoid exhibit lexical items which are similar to Yoruboid and Edoid. To the best of our knowledge, no other scholarly work has addressed the concept ‘lexical variation in these speech forms, hence, the need for this present effort. Twenty lexical items were carefully selected for analysis in this paper. Data were elicited from 34 informants who are competent speakers of Akokoid. Apart from the linguistic data, these informants, including traditional rulers, supplied us with historical facts about the migration patterns of the progenitors of Akokoid. The historical facts coupled with the linguistic data helped us to arrive at the conclusion that some of the words used in contemporary Akokoid found their way into Akokoid as a result of the contact between Akokoid and their neighbours, Yoruboid and Edoid. Keywords: Akokoid, Language Contact, Lexical Variation, Yoruboid, Edoid 1. Introduction 1.1 The Sociolinguistic Situation in Akokoid As hinted in Fadọrọ $, 2010 & 2012, Akoko is the most linguistically diverse area of Yorùbáland.
    [Show full text]
  • Yoruba Culture of Nigeria: Creating Space for an Endangered Specie
    ISSN 1712-8358[Print] Cross-Cultural Communication ISSN 1923-6700[Online] Vol. 9, No. 4, 2013, pp. 23-29 www.cscanada.net DOI:10.3968/j.ccc.1923670020130904.2598 www.cscanada.org Yoruba Culture of Nigeria: Creating Space for an Endangered Specie Adepeju Oti[a],*; Oyebola Ayeni[b] [a]Ph.D, Née Aderogba. Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria. [b] INTRODUCTION Ph.D. Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria. *Corresponding author. Culture refers to the cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, Received 16 March 2013; accepted 11 July 2013 hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects Abstract and possessions acquired by a group of people in the The history of colonisation dates back to the 19th course of generations through individual and group Century. Africa and indeed Nigeria could not exercise striving (Hofstede, 1997). It is a collective programming her sovereignty during this period. In fact, the experience of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group of colonisation was a bitter sweet experience for the or category of people from another. The position that continent of Africa and indeed Nigeria, this is because the ideas, meanings, beliefs and values people learn as the same colonialist and explorers who exploited the members of society determines human nature. People are African and Nigerian economy; using it to develop theirs, what they learn, therefore, culture ultimately determine the quality in a person or society that arises from a were the same people who brought western education, concern for what is regarded as excellent in arts, letters, modern health care, writing and recently technology.
    [Show full text]
  • Country School Name Level
    List of Schools Eligible to Participate in TSL 2021 Debates Country School name Level Australia Manly Selective Campus NBSC Secondary Bangladesh Engineering University School and College Secondary Belarus School #71 of Minsk Primary School #1 named after M. M. Gruzhevsky Secondary School 151 Minsk Secondary Belgium European School Brussels 3 Secondary Bulgaria 128 SU 'Albert Einstein' Secondary PGT Asen Zlatarov Secondary Secondary School of Economics Georgi St. Rakovski Secondary Canada Island ConnectED K-12 School Secondary Paul Kane Secondary China Victoria Shanghai Academy Secondary Dominica Dominica Grammar School Secondary Egypt The International School of Elite Education Primary Alsadat Sec for Girls in Damro Secondary Bishbish Secondary common School Secondary El Gdeda Secondary School Secondary Ismailia STEM High School Secondary Obour STEM School Secondary Sharkia STEM School Secondary STEM Sharkia Secondary The International School of Elite Education Secondary Ghana Presbyterian Boys' Senior High School Secondary Tsito Senior High Technical School Secondary Greece Doukas School Secondary Honduras Alison Bixby Stone School Secondary India Aurum the Global School Primary & Secondary Dl. Dav Model School Primary & Secondary List of Schools Eligible to Participate in TSL 2021 Debates Ann Mary School Secondary Avasarshala Secondary Bharath Senior Secondary School Secondary Bhartiyam International School Secondary Bhavan Vidyalaya Secondary Hill Spring International School Secondary Individual Entry Secondary Jay Pratap Singh Public
    [Show full text]
  • ED119996.Pdf
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 119 996 SE 020 410 AUTHOR Taiwo, Aeediran A. TITLE A Study of the Nature of Incidental Physical Science Knowledge Possessed by Elementary School Children in Western State of Nigeria. PUB DATE 75 NOTE 289p.; Ph.D. Dissertation, New York University EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$15.39 Plus Postage DESCRIPTORS Cognitive Development; Conservation (Concept); Correlation; Doctoral Theses; *Educational Research; Elementary Education; *Elementary School Science; *Knowledge Level; *Physical Sciences; Science Education IDENTIFIERS *Nigeria; Piaget (Jean); Research Reports ABSTRACT This study was designed to examine the amount of incidental physical science knowledge possessed by fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade students in elementary schools in Western State of Nigeria, and to determine what relationship exists between the amount of such knowledge and the pupils' performance on science-related Piagetian tasks. The pupils were ,tested with the Physical Science Knowledge Test and numerous Piagetian tasks. The responses of the pupils were then subjected to an iten-by-item analysis and to the t-test, analysis of variance, and correlational analysis. Some of the results of this study were: there was a significant difference between the amount of incidental science knowledge possessed by urban school children and that possessed by their non-urban counterparts; the performances on the Piagetian tasks were age-dependent, with the older children performing better than the younger children; and a significant positive correlation was found between the amount of incidental science knowledge possessed by sclh.N1 children of each grade of study and their performance on the Piagetian tasks. (Author/MLH) *********************************************************************** * Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * * materials not available from other sources.
    [Show full text]
  • Current Research in African Linguistics
    Current Research in African Linguistics Current Research in African Linguistics: Papers in Honor of Ọladele Awobuluyi Edited by Ọlanikẹ Ọla Orie, Johnson Fọlọrunṣo Ilọri and Lendzemo Constantine Yuka Current Research in African Linguistics: Papers in Honor of Ọladele Awobuluyi Edited by Ọlanikẹ Ọla Orie, Johnson Fọlọrunṣo Ilọri and Lendzemo Constantine Yuka This book first published 2015 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2015 by Ọlanikẹ Ọla Orie, Johnson Fọlọrunṣo Ilọri, Lendzemo Constantine Yuka and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-7812-X ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-7812-8 We pro-noun-ce his name (for Ọladele Awobuluyi) Tosin Gbogi i it was summer ’37 in a place where the lullabies of birds overwhelmed guitar and song, where hornbills hearkened to the call of thrushes singing in rush above streams that strolled gently gently without a word to the king …. he met language in summer ’37 when earth was kind to man and man was kind to earth it was from the armpit of the hills that the phonemes carried him into a syllable of sounds, and from there into logarhythms of words— syntax of stones which against each one another hit and burst into utterances of light he met language at oke-agbe where earth was kind to man and man was kind to earth ii the globe in his hands the benevolent wind sailed him to the shores of another sea there where latin lay snoring, waiting for its requiem and rites ….
    [Show full text]
  • Akoko Resistance to External Invasion and Domination in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
    International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) |Volume II, Issue XI, November 2018|ISSN 2454-6186 Akoko Resistance to External Invasion and Domination in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries Johnson Olaosebikan Aremu1, Solomon Oluwasola Afolabi2 1Ph.D, Department of History and International Studies, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, P.M.B. 5363, Ado- Ekiti, Nigeria. 2Ph.D, Registry Department, Ekiti State University, Ado – Ekiti, Nigeria Abstract: - This study examined the nature of Akoko response to historiography carried out in 1988 as “a virgin land for external invasion and domination by some neighbouring and research.”2 Since then, nothing seems to have changed th th distant Nigerian groups and communities in the 19 and 20 significantly. Centuries. Data for the study was obtained from primary and secondary sources and were analysed using qualitative methods It is essential to note that the origin of the word “Akoko” is of analysis. The primary sources are archival materials and oral shrouded in mystery. Local traditions attribute it to the interviews with informants who were purposively selected due to persistent invasions of the area by external forces, particularly their perceived knowledge about the subject of study. Secondary the Ibadan warlords; who then described the area as sources included relevant textbooks, journal articles, thesis, Akorikotan3 or Akokotunko, both of which refer to dissertations and long essays, some periodicals and internet inexhaustible source of slaves and booties. If this tradition is materials. It noted that Akoko communities were invaded severally by some of their immediate neighbours like Owo; Ado- anything worthy of consideration, it could therefore, be said Ekiti and Ikole- Ekiti between the 15th and 18th centuries; as well that Akoko derives its present generic name from persistent as some imperial lords from Benin, Nupe and Ibadan in the 19th invasions of the external forces in the pre-colonial era.
    [Show full text]
  • Menace of Soil Erosion on Urban Structures in Ikare-Akoko, Ondo State
    International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER) www.ijser.in ISSN (Online): 2347-3878, Impact Factor (2015): 3.791 Menace of Soil Erosion on Urban Structures in Ikare-Akoko, Ondo State Sunmola Rufai Ade1, Lamidi Rashidat Bukola2 1Ministry of Basic Education, Arts and Culture, Tsumkwe, Private Bag 2091 Grootfontain , Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia 2Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute, NLC. Ota OgunState, Nigeria Abstract: Ikare-Akoko is a settlement surrounded by hills. The landscape therefore influences erosive activities such that the lower lying region of this settlement is always at the mercy of soil erosion. This research therefore examined the menace of soil erosion on urban structures with special focus on Ikare-Akoko, Ondo State. Field observation and field survey methods were adopted to generate the needed data for this study. Random balloting method without replacement was used to sample five streets from each of the five paramount quarters of the study area and thereafter, systemic sampling method at an interval of four houses was used to sample twenty houses in each of the sampled twenty five streets and purposive sampling method was used to sampled five hundred house hold heads that were finally administered questionnaire for this study. The subjective notions of the respondents were converted to objective notions using 3-points Likert scale of “To no extent” (1) “To a little extent” (2) and “To a large extent” (3) while the Mean Weight Value (MWV) for each response and the General Mean Weight Value (GMWV) were both calculated and used to determine the major acceptable variable (s).Thereafter, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Students t-test Statistical Analyses were used at p = 0.05 to determine the relationship and significance of relationship between the variables in each of the stated hypotheses.
    [Show full text]