Names, Varieties and Ideologies in Revived Cornish
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Th/-Dh and Final -F/-V in Cornish Discussion Paper for the AHG Michael Everson and Nicholas Williams 12 March 2008
Final -th/-dh and final -f/-v in Cornish Discussion paper for the AHG Michael Everson and Nicholas Williams 12 March 2008 During an online meeting between the Linguistic Advisors and Albert Bock and Benjamin Bruch, it was agreed that several discussion papers could be forwarded to the AHG for further discussion and approval. This is one of those papers. In our response to the draft Outline of the SWF document, we noted that the definition of the distribution of these sounds and the graphs to represent them was imprecise. 5. 8. Fricatives: Word-final <-dh>, <-v> vs. <-th>, <-f> It has been agreed that word-final fricatives should be spelt in a way which reflects their status of voicedness/ voicelessness. Thus, the SWF writes bodh ‘will’, klav {clav} ‘sick’, but eth ‘eight’, dalleth ‘begin’, hanaf (~ hanath) ‘cup’, etc. Where evidence from the traditional Cornish corpus is ambiguous, Breton and Welsh cognates will be examined. This is problematic, because the text says two things. On the one hand it says that the graphs dh and v will be used for voiced sounds, and that th and f will be used for voiceless sounds. That’s perfectly fine. On the other hand it says that where the traditional corpus is ambiguous (which it will be because <th> is used for both [ð] and [θ]) then two other languages will be “examined”. But voicing and voicelessness in the other languages is not relevant to Cornish. Voicelessness in unstressed final syllables is common and contrasts with voicing in stressed final syllables throughout the system: mab ‘son’ methewnep ‘drunkenness’ neb ‘some’ hevelep ‘like ness’ wheg ‘sweet’ carrek ‘rock’ mog ‘smoke’ gallosek ‘powerful’ dov ‘tame’ warnaf ‘on me’ nev ‘heaven’ enef ‘soul’ ov ‘I am’ esof ‘I am’ gradh ‘step, grade’ noweth ‘new’ badh ‘boar’ gelwyth ‘you call’ (literary register) Recognition of this facet of Cornish phonology makes spelling easier for learners. -
O-TYPE VOWELS in CORNISH Dr Ken George
GEORGE 2013 2ovowels O-TYPE VOWELS IN CORNISH by Dr Ken George Cornish Language Board 1 A B S T R A C T Evidence from traditional Cornish texts and from place-names is used to trace the development of the two o-type vowels, /o/ and / ɔ/. Recent denials by Williams of the existence of two long o-type vowels are refuted. Further evidence shows a difference between /o/ and / ɔ/ when short, and by inference, when of mid-length. The significance of this for the spelling of the revived language is briefly discussed. 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 /ɔ/ and /o/ In George (1984), I showed that there were two o-type vowels in Middle Cornish (MidC), which will be denoted /o/ and / ɔ/. /o/, from Old Cornish (OldC) /ui/ and /ɔ/ from OldC / ɔ/ were separate phonemes. Support for their separateness, when followed by [s], [z], [ θ] and [ ð] appears in three different historical orthographies, in rhymes and in place-names. (The evidence in other phonetic environments, particularly when followed by nasal and liquid consonants, is weaker, and is reviewed below). My discovery has gained wide acceptance, but has been persistently attacked by Nicholas Williams. In Williams (2006), he devoted a whole chapter (31 pages) to the case of the long stressed vowels, concluding: “Middle Cornish never contained two separate long vowels /o ː/ and / ɔː/. 2. The distinction … between troes ‘foot’ and tros ‘noise’ is unjustified.” In this paper, the evidence for the two o-type vowels is reviewed in detail, and the reasons for Williams’ erroneous conclusion are examined. -
Copyright by Cécile Hélène Christiane Rey 2010
Copyright by Cécile Hélène Christiane Rey 2010 The Dissertation Committee for Cécile Hélène Christiane Rey certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Planning language practices and representations of identity within the Gallo community in Brittany: A case of language maintenance Committee: _________________________________ Jean-Pierre Montreuil, Supervisor _________________________________ Cinzia Russi _________________________________ Carl Blyth _________________________________ Hans Boas _________________________________ Anthony Woodbury Planning language practices and representations of identity within the Gallo community in Brittany: A case of language maintenance by Cécile Hélène Christiane Rey, B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin December, 2010 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my parents and my family for their patience and support, their belief in me, and their love. I would like to thank my supervisor Jean-Pierre Montreuil for his advice, his inspiration, and constant support. Thank you to my committee members Cinzia Russi, Carl Blyth, Hans Boas and Anthony Woodbury for their guidance in this project and their understanding. Special thanks to Christian Lefeuvre who let me stay with him during the summer 2009 in Langan and helped me realize this project. For their help and support, I would like to thank Rosalie Grot, Pierre Gardan, Christine Trochu, Shaun Nolan, Bruno Chemin, Chantal Hermann, the associations Bertaèyn Galeizz, Chubri, l’Association des Enseignants de Gallo, A-Demórr, and Gallo Tonic Liffré. For financial support, I would like to thank the Graduate School of the University of Texas at Austin for the David Bruton, Jr. -
O N E Ücague
ISSN 0257-7860 SOp Sterling N r. 54 SUMMER 1986 ScRift-Celt ’86 CuiM^Nic^ aiR CRuaöal NaN DaoiNe AftGR EleCtiONS: Pause to tt}iNk BRitisIi BoMbiNq Mi stäke 'Oje iRisb iN ScotJaNö MilitaRisatioN o f CoRNwall iRisb LaNQuaqe News O n e ü c A G u e AIBA: CCYMUNN CEIU64CH • BRE1ZH: KE/RE KEUIEK Cy/URU: UNDEB CELMIDD 'EIRE: CONR4DH CEIITWCH K ER N O W : KESUNY/flNS KELTER • /VW NNINICQ/V1MEEYS CEITWGH ALBA na Tuirceis cuideachd. Chan fhaca Murchaidh Mar sin chunnaic iad na murtaireann a" sior an Cornach uair sam bith nach robh e a" dlüthachadh riutha. CUIMHNICH AIR smogadh na phiob aige. B'iad nan saighdearan Turcach. Bha “ Tha a" mhör-chuid den lompaireachd oifigear aca mu dhä fhichead bliadhna a Thurcach thairis air na h-Arabaich a 1ha fo dh'aois. Bha e lachdainn le stais (moustache) CRUADAL NAN ar-a-mach an aghaidh nan Turcach. Tuigidh mhör dhubh Ihiadhaich. Bha dag "na laimh. na Turcaich gu math gum bheil iad ann an Chunnaic Murchadh. Goff agus na DAOINE ... cunnart ro mhör." arsa Micheil. seachdnar saighdearan aca le oillt o'n uinneig "An robh na Turcaich daonnan fiadhaich uachdarach na bha a’dol seachad san t-sräid. ri daoine eile?" dh'fhaighnichd an Gaidheal. Ruitheadh an ceannard Turcach a stcach do "Chan eil idir. Bha iad daonnan ro fliad- gach laigh. Nuair a thilleadh e dh'eigheadh Aros sona bh'againn thall fhulangach a thaobh a h-uile creideamh san e aireamh air choireigin. An sin ruitheadh Airigh mhonaidh, innis bhö lompaireachd aca." grunn de shaighdearan furcach asteach agus Sgaoil ar sonas uainn air ball Ach chan eil an t-Arm daonnan gun thilleadh iad a-mach a' slaodadh grunnan de Mar roinneas gaoth nam fhuar-bheann ceö. -
Accents, Dialects and Languages of the Bristol Region
Accents, dialects and languages of the Bristol region A bibliography compiled by Richard Coates, with the collaboration of the late Jeffrey Spittal (in progress) First draft released 27 January 2010 State of 5 January 2015 Introductory note With the exception of standard national resources, this bibliography includes only separate studies, or more inclusive works with a distinct section, devoted to the West of England, defined as the ancient counties of Bristol, Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire. Note that works on place-names are not treated in this bibliography unless they are of special dialectological interest. For a bibliography of place-name studies, see Jeffrey Spittal and John Field, eds (1990) A reader’s guide to the place-names of the United Kingdom. Stamford: Paul Watkins, and annual bibliographies printed in the Journal of the English Place-Name Society and Nomina. Web-links mentioned were last tested in summer 2011. Thanks for information and clarification go to Madge Dresser, Brian Iles, Peter McClure, Frank Palmer, Harry Parkin, Tim Shortis, Jeanine Treffers-Daller, Peter Trudgill, and especially Katharina Oberhofer. Richard Coates University of the West of England, Bristol Academic and serious popular work General English material, and Western material not specific to a particular county Anderson, Peter M. (1987) A structural atlas of the English dialects. London: Croom Helm. Beal, Joan C. (2006) Language and region. London: Routledge (Intertext). ISBN-10: 0415366011, ISBN-13: 978-0415366014. 1 Britten, James, and Robert Holland (1886) A dictionary of English plant-names (3 vols). London: Trübner (for the English Dialect Society). Britton, Derek (1994) The etymology of modern dialect ’en, ‘him’. -
The Cornish Language in Education in the UK
The Cornish language in education in the UK European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning hosted by CORNISH The Cornish language in education in the UK | 2nd Edition | c/o Fryske Akademy Doelestrjitte 8 P.O. Box 54 NL-8900 AB Ljouwert/Leeuwarden The Netherlands T 0031 (0) 58 - 234 3027 W www.mercator-research.eu E [email protected] | Regional dossiers series | tca r cum n n i- ual e : Available in this series: This document was published by the Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism Albanian; the Albanian language in education in Italy Aragonese; the Aragonese language in education in Spain and Language Learning with financial support from the Fryske Akademy and the Province Asturian; the Asturian language in education in Spain (2nd ed.) of Fryslân. Basque; the Basque language in education in France (2nd ed.) Basque; the Basque language in education in Spain (2nd ed.) Breton; the Breton language in education in France (2nd ed.) Catalan; the Catalan language in education in France Catalan; the Catalan language in education in Spain (2nd ed.) © Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism Cornish; the Cornish language in education in the UK (2nd ed.) and Language Learning, 2019 Corsican; the Corsican language in education in France (2nd ed.) Croatian; the Croatian language in education in Austria Danish; The Danish language in education in Germany ISSN: 1570 – 1239 Frisian; the Frisian language in education in the Netherlands (4th ed.) 2nd edition Friulian; the Friulian language in education in Italy Gàidhlig; The Gaelic Language in Education in Scotland (2nd ed.) Galician; the Galician language in education in Spain (2nd ed.) The contents of this dossier may be reproduced in print, except for commercial purposes, German; the German language in education in Alsace, France (2nd ed.) provided that the extract is proceeded by a complete reference to the Mercator European German; the German language in education in Belgium Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning. -
The Death of Cornish
THE DEATH OF CORNISH P. A. S. POOL Price: 4op THE DEATH OF CORNISH (1600- 1800) by P. A. S. POOL, M.A., F.S.A. President of the Royal Institution of Cornwall Hon. Research Fellow, Institute of Cornish Studies 1975 Obtainable from the Author at 37 Morrab Road, Penzance Peter Dalwood, 5 Chapel Street, Penzance The County Museum, River Street, Truro AUTHOR'S NOTE This booklet contains the text of my Address to the International Congress of Celtic Studies at Penzance in April 1975. Some addi• tions and corrections have been made, and full references given, but the spoken form has been retained. My best thanks are due to Professor Charles Thomas, Director of the Institute of Cornish Studies, for inviting this contribution, and to Mr. Oliver J. Padel, Research Fellow, for his most helpful comments on my text. I am deeply grateful to Lord St. Levan and to the Royal Institution of Cornwall for use of the portraits of Dolly Pentreath and William Gwavas, and to Mr. R. D. Penhallurick for drawing the map. Above all, I am conscious of my debt to the late Robert Morton Nance, so much of whose research is included in these pages, and whose life's work made it possible for me to end a survey of a tragic phase in the history of Cornish on a note of hope rather than despair. Abbreviations used in footnotes: CWBF O.J. Padel, The Cornish Writings of the Boson Family, 1975. JRIC Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall (NS, New Series). OC Old Cornwall (Journal of the Federation of Old Cornwall Societies). -
A Critical Analysis of the Role of Community Sport in Encouraging the Use of the Welsh Language Among Young People Beyond the School Gate
A critical analysis of the role of community sport in encouraging the use of the Welsh language among young people beyond the school gate Lana Evans Thesis submitted to Cardiff Metropolitan University in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff April 2019 Director of Studies: Dr Nicola Bolton Supervisors: Professor Carwyn Jones, Dr Hywel Iorwerth Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................ I ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................................... II PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................................................. III CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................................... 1 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 The Regression of the Welsh Language during the Twentieth Century ......................................................... 2 Political Attempts to Reverse the Decline ..................................................................................................... -
Have No Idea Whether That's True Or Not": Belief and Narrative Event Enactment 3-14 JAMES G
- ~ Volume 9, Number 2 June 1990 CONTENTS KEITH CUNNINGHAM "I Have no Idea Whether That's True or Not": Belief and Narrative Event Enactment 3-14 JAMES G. DELANEY Collecting Folklore in Ireland 15-37 SYLVIA FOX Witch or Wise Women?-women as healers through the ages 39-53 ROBERT PENHALLURICK The Politics of Dialectology 55-68 J.M. KIRK Scots and English in the Speech and Writing of Glasgow 69-83 Reviews 85-124 Index of volumes 8 and 9 125-128 ISSN 0307-7144 LORE AND LANGUAGE The J oumal of The Centre for English Cultural Tradition and Language Editor J.D.A. Widdowson © Sheffield Acdemic Press Ltd, 1990 Copyright is waived where reproduction of material from this Journal is required for classroom use or course work by students. SUBSCRIPTION LORE AND LANGUAGE is published twice annually. Volume 9 (1990) is: Individuals £16.50 or $27.50 Institutions £50.00 or $80.00 Subscriptions and all other business correspondence shuld be sent to Sheffield Academic Press, 343 Fulwood Road, Sheffield S 10 3BP, England. All previous issues are still available. The opinions expressed in this Journal are not necessarily those of the editor or publisher, and are the responsibility of the individual authors. Printed on acid-free paper in Great Britian by The Charlesworth Group, Huddersfield [Lore & Language 9/2 (1990) 3-14] "I Have No Idea Whether That's True or Not": Belief and Narrative Event Enactment Keith Cunningham A great deal of scholarly attention has in recent years been directed toward a group of traditional narratives told in British and Anglo-American cultures1 which have been called "contemporary legend" ,2 "urban legend" ,3 and "modem myth". -
When the Cornish Person Looks Closely Into the Mirror of the Cornish
Historic legacies and modern challenges: the Cornish language If the Cornish person looks closely into the mirror of the Cornish language they might find contemporary Cornwall staring right back out at them. For the Cornish language mirrors the doubts and uncertainties confronting Cornwall at the beginning of the second millennium. The language has a proud history, dating back to Cornwall’s first millennium, a time of shadowy and insubstantial Cornish kings and independent kingdoms. Familiar placenames such as Trewassa, Carnglaze, Rescorla, Creegbrase, Bosullow provide everyday reminders of our Celtic and non-English roots. Yet the texts of the language are heavily suffused with English borrowings even from the earliest miracle play cycle of the 1300s. The reality is that Cornwall, since the ninth century, has been to a greater or lesser degree influenced and structured by its powerful neighbour to the east – England. And so has the Cornish language. For example, words such as pont or nant, which retained that form in Cornish’s sister languages Welsh and Breton, changed to pons and nans in Cornish well before the fourteenth century, an early effect of the influence of English. For centuries the language was marginalised and despised, a thing of no worth, low- status gibberish fit only to call the pigs to their food. However, like Cornwall, the language has been patronised and romanticised in more recent times. Since the 1870s Cornwall has been buffeted by a storm of signifiers as the artistic and literary metropolitan gaze settled on what it perceived as a primitive and simple folk whiling their time away in age-old harmony with the environment on the fringes of ‘civilised’ Europe. -
A Brief History of the Cornish Language, Its Revival and Its Current Status
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329525331 A Brief History of the Cornish Language, its Revival and its Current Status Article · December 2013 CITATIONS READS 6 277 1 author: Siarl Ferdinand University of Wales Trinity Saint David 10 PUBLICATIONS 10 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: The Cornish revitalisation project in Cornwall and the Basque revitalisation project in Trebiñuko Barrendegia: Establishing parallels and common strategies View project All content following this page was uploaded by Siarl Ferdinand on 10 December 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. A Brief History of the Cornish Language, its Revival and its Current Status Siarl Ferdinand, University of Wales Trinity Saint David Abstract Despite being dormant during the nineteenth century, the Cornish language has been recently recognised by the British Government as a living regional language after a long period of revival. The first part of this paper discusses the history of traditional Cornish and the reasons for its decline and dismissal. The second part offers an overview of the revival movement since its beginnings in 1904 and analyses the current situation of the language in all possible domains. Keywords Cornish, Kernewek, language shift, language revitalization, linguistic background, Celtic. Overview of Historical Background The Cornish language, unlike the Anglo-Cornish dialect, which is an English dialect spoken in Cornwall, is one of the three living members of the Brythonic family, the other two being Welsh and Breton. The appearance of Cornish as a distinct language dates to about 600 AD as a result of the evolution of the Brythonic language spoken in the south-western region of Great Britain. -
Unified Inners.Indd
Raglavar a’n caderyoryon 1 An dewetha cansbledhen 3 Aswonvos a Gernewek yn dan an Chartour Ewropek rag yethow randyryel ha le-usys - An styr 4 Ple’th eson-ny lemmyn 6 An kescusulyans 8 Stratejy rag dysplegyans an yeth Kernewek 9 Vysyon 1: May ma spas rag pup huny nep a vynno dhe dhysky Kernewek yn pup grath a dhyscans 10 Vysyon 2: May ma dysky Kernewek talvethys yn forth kehaval orth dysky yethow erel 12 Vysyon 3: Mayth yu aswonys an yeth yn bewnans poblek avel ran a vry ha gwelys yn cler a’n ertach ha gonesygeth dyblans a Gernow 13 Vysyon 4: Mayth yu an yeth Kernewek aswonys dhe brofya mur dhe’n erbys Kernewek 15 Vysyon 5: Mayth omlowenha an yeth Kernewek reowta kehaval dhe’n tavasow randyryel ha le-usys erel y’n Rywvaneth Unys amyth yu yskynnys y status 16 Vysyon 6: May ma dhe’n yeth Kernewek fordhow dhe obery hag ynna ystarnath scodhyans cref bys may hallo vysyons 1-5 drehedhys 17 Nessa cammow 19 Kettesten stratejek 20 Rol a testennow 21 Tavasstratejy rag an ’’‘‘Kernewek Bagas a Gusul Cannasow a’n cowethasow ow sewya: Agan Tavas Consel Kernow (conselors ha sodhogyon) Cussell an Tavas Kernuak Dalva Consellyow Randyr Gorseth Kernow Sodhva a’n Government rag an Sothwest Institute of Cornish Studies Kesva an Taves Kernewek Kowethas an Taves Kernewek Bagas Lewyas Cannasow a Gonsel Kernow, Sothva a’n Government rag an Sothwest ha pymp esel dewys gans an kemeneth a’n tavas. George Ansell (Caderyor) Maureen Pierce Andrew Climo-Thompson Ken George Vanessa Beeman Tony Steele (GOSW) John Sawle (CCC) Jenefer Lowe (CCC) Tavasstratejy rag an ’’‘‘Kernewek Raglavar a’n caderyor Raglavar a’n caderyor a’n Raglavar An kensa stratejy ma rag an tavas Kernewek re be dysplegys ha’n kensa cam y’n keweras a’n nessa ran Chartour rag Tavasow Ranvroek ha Mynoryeth a’n Consel a Europ, ynno o ragavysys Kernewek yn Mys Merth 2003.