March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6241 Paul W. Wade, Mayfield. OREGON are ordered by the Lord; and he delight­ Charles H. Seller, Mulvane. Mabel E. Pounds, Adrian. eth in His way. Earl D. Medlen, Rantoul. Max E. Gardner, Springfield. Myron L. Van Gundy, Reading. Lavonne H. Moe, Sweet Home. Eternal God, Who art ever near unto Robert A. Franken, Troy. Elizabeth A. Barber, Ukiah. us and never far away, Thou knowest KENTUCKY how much we need Thy wisdom and PENNSYLVANIA counsel for the solution of the many hard Bobbie T. Hunter, Providence. Ernest E. Roberts, Bechtelsville. James P. Edwards, Russellv1lle. Harry P. Snyder, Columbia. and difficult problems which must be our Doris K. Burns, Sanders. Paul B. Robinson, Concordville. chief and ceaseless concern. LOUISIANA Phares C. Cramer, Conestoga. We acknowledge that Thou hast given us a large and responsible share in de­ Roger Frere, Madisonv1lle. Arthur E. Smith, Crooked Creek. Henry L. Parham, Mangham. Abram B. Lauver, Dalmatia. termining our own life and the state of Raymond G. Mathews, Doylestown. society and hast evoked within us a sense MARYLAND Charles C. Kerlin, Falls. of discipline which makes for nobility Albert A. Ph1llips, Hampstead. Walter E. Lucas, Fleming. of character. Margaret A. Stotler, Hancock. Ruth L. Funk, Glenwillard. Grant that we may feel Thy presence Hilda B. Free, New Market. Harvey A. Baddorf, Halifax. Nicholas S. Price, Sparks. James J. Kelly, Herminie. within us, stirring our minds and hearts Thomas H. Wallace, Street. Charles L. Gilmore, Lahaska. with lofty visions and mighty hopes; Evelyn F. Lednum, Tilghm~. William E. Nolan, Lake Ariel. overruling our many blunders and guid­ MASSACHUSETTS Herbert A. Hall, Lakewood. ing our energies in the ways of the Lord. Warren B. Stapleton, Lewisburg. We thank Thee for the high and faith­ Frank Zalot, Jr., Hadley. Edward B. Henning, Mehoopany. ful efforts of our President, our Speaker, James I. Keyes, Sharon. Alice H. Bustin, Milan. · Lawrence B. Connelly, Sherborn. and the Members of the Congress to help Ernestine C. Buttorff, Millmont. all humanity achieve the life that has John J. Kelley, Jr., Truro. Althea M. Best, Neffs. MICHIGAN Raymond E. Hausman, New Tripoli. eternal worth and meaning. · Hear us in Christ's name. Amen. Robert L. Hunsberger, Bloomingdale. Norma A. Stoudt, Palm. Kenneth G. Kienitz, Ithaca. Ralph S. Meyer, Pocopson. George Novak, Sayre. James M. Stubbert, Mason. THE JOURNAL Theodore Russ, New Buffalo. Robert L. Clink, Snow Shoe. John L. May, Paris. Lloyd S. French, Starrucca. The Journal of the proceedings of George E. Smith, Sand Lake. Walter H. Hoffman, Strasburg. Friday, March 26, 1965, was read and Gerald A. Farnan, Shepherd. Everett A. Holmes, Thompson. approved. Donald F. Gillard, Spruce. Walter P. Quintin, Thornton. George P. Kraft, Washington Baro. MINNESOTA SOUTH CAROLIN A WATERSHED PROTECTION AND Hjalmar Hulin, Aitkin. Douglas E. McTeer, Early Branch. FLOOD PREVENTION ACT Michatel C. Rooney, Benson. Farrell E. Rodgers, New Ellenton. Marcellus J. Simonson, Wood Lake. John W. Rogers, Pelzer. The SPEAKER laid before the House MISSOURI Vertie Lee Salley, Salley. the following communication from the Emmet R. Carey, Brookfield. Milledge D. Penn, Ward. chairman of the Committee on Agricul­ Wilson S. Tally, Clinton. SOUTH DAKOTA ture; which was read and together with Robert F. Reddick, Crystal City. Leonard H. Nelson, Miller. the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Appropriations: Janet K. Lewis, Des Arc. TENNESSEE Edward C. Grimes, Gallatin. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Joe F . Corlew, Bruceton. COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, Martha F. Mead, Harrisburg. Avos B. Halsell, Moss. Thomas G. Williams, Lathrop. Washington, D.C., March 25, 1965. Robert W. Burford, Leeton. TEXAS Hon. JOHN. W. McCORMACK, V. Wayne Shroyer, Mercer. Sam A. Kelley, Alvarado. The Speaker, House of Representatives, Don 0. Baker, Newburg. Annie M. Whittley, Barksdale. Washington, D.C. Edwin Zajicek, Buckholts. DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Pursuant to the pro­ William J. Blanton, Norwood. visions of section 2 of the Watershed Pro­ George T. Lipscomb, Wellsvme. Robert L. Baldridge, Jr., Clifton. Walter Kutzer, Comfort. tection and Flood Prevention Act, as NEBRASKA Evaline W. Bartlett, Glen Flora. amended, the Committee on Agriculture on Ella E. Jackson, Crookston. Leonard W. Pierce, Gordon. March 25, 1965, considered the work plans Robert D. Nealon, Wolbach. Katherine B. Carter, Hawley. transmitted to you by executive communica­ tion and referred to this committee, and NEW JERSEY Ramon G. Amaya, San Diego. 0. C. Sewell, Jr., Sulphur Springs. unanimously approved each of such plans. Jeanne L. Tamplin, Hewitt. Sammie 0. Smith, Telephone. The work plans involved are: Warren T. Moulton, Rahway. New Mexico: Executive communication VERMONT NEW YORK No. 2536, 88th Congress, Cass Draw water­ Francis H. Eddy, East Wall1ngford. shed. Philip J. Dittmeier, Manorvme. James D. O'Brien, Shelburne. Connecticut: Executive communication Francis P. Secor, Otego. VIRGINIA No. 2536, 88th Congress, Farm Brook water­ Louis P. Kriss, West Islip. Agnes M. Allen, Goshen. shed. NORTH CAROLINA Norman J. Hogge, Hayes. Wisconsin: Executive communication Howard Young, Bakersvme. Charles R. Jordan, Haymarket. No. 2536, 88th Congress, Plum Creek water­ Stuart M. Petke, West Point. shed. Paul E. Buck, Burnsville. Kansas: Executive communication No. Ann F. Watts, Germanton. WEST VIRGINIA 705, 89th Congress, Rock Creek watershed. Anne B. Collins, Laurel Springs. Charles G. Robison, Fairview. North Dakota: Executive communication Elma P. Drew, Magnolia. Glenn W. Hammer, Weston. No. 705, 89th Congress, Willow Creek-Park Mildred A. Crowder, Peachland. George A. Fahey, Wheeling. River watershed. James W. Jenkins, Pendleton. WISCONSIN Arkansas: Executive communication No. Sybil M. Biconish, White Oak. 705, 89th Congress, Big Slough watershed. Lawrence J. Vandehey, Aburndale. NORTH DAKOTA Nebraska: Executive communication No. Vernon A. Plamann, Greenville. 705, 89th Congress, Rock Creek watershed. Thelma A. Hovet, Buxton. Nebraska: Executive communication No• OHIO •• .... •• 705, 89th Congress, Spring Creek watershed. Miles S. Snyder, Jr., Brookfield. Utah: Executive communication No. 705, Thomas R. Armstrong, Mendon. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 89th Congress, Minersville watershed. Thelma M. Schneider, Middle Bass. West Virginia and Pennsylvania: Executive C. Thomas Sharp, Pleasant Plain. MONDAY, MARCH 29, 1965 communication No. 641, 88th Congress, Har­ Harold W. Kinney, Richmond. mon Creek watershed. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Vermont: Executive communication No. OKLAHOMA The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, 2427, 88th Congress, Jewell Brook watershed. Ruth M. Ph111ips, Gore. D.D., used these words of the psalmist: Sincerely yours, Beatrice H. Jones, Porter. Psalm 37: 23: The steps of a good man HAROLD D. COOLEY, Chairman. 6242 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 SUBCOMMITTEE ON HOUSING, COM­ SUBCOMMITTEE ON IRRIGATION committee or any subcommittee or any MITTEE ON BANKING AND CUR­ AND RECLAMATION member of the committee or subcommittee designated by such chairman and may be RENCY Mr. ROGERS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, served by any person designated by such Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, on behalf I ask unanimous consent that the Sub­ chairman, or member. of the gentleman from . Pennsylvania committee on Irrigation and Reclama­ Funds authorized are for expenses in­ tion of the Committee on Interior and curred in the committee's activities within [Mr. BARRETT], who I understand has the United States; and in compliance with cleared this matter with the gentleman Insular Affairs be permitted to sit this section 1754 of title 22, United States Code, from New Jersey [Mr. WIDNALLJ, I ask afternoon during general debate. or any other provision of law, local curren­ unanimous consent that the Subcommit­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to cies owned by the United States in foreign tee on Housing of the Committee on the request of the gentleman from countries shall be made available to the Com­ Banking and Currency may be permit­ Texas? mittee on Post Office and Civil Service for There was no objection. expenses of its members or other Members ted to sit during general debate for the or employees traveling abroad. remainder of the week. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to With the following committee amend­ COMMITTEE ON POST OFFICE AND ments: the request of the gentleman from Okla­ CIVIL SERVICE homa? On page 3, line 5, after the word "places" Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, reserving Mr. SMITH of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, insert the words "within the United States". the right to object, would the distin­ by direction of the Committee on Rules, On page 3, line 11, delete the words "or guished majority leader limit that to a I call up House Resolution 245 and ask any subcommittee". day-by-day request please. for its immediate consideration. On page 3, line 12, delete the words "or subcommittee". Mr. ALBERT. I will be glad to. The Clerk read the resolution, as On page 3, line 19, after the word "shall" Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, I withdraw follows: insert the word "not". my reservation of objection. H. RES. 245 On page 3, line 11, after the word "chair­ Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask Resolved, That, effective from January 3, man" insert "or, in his absence, the vice unanimous consent that the subcommit­ 1965, the Committee on Post Office and Civil chairman". tee may sit while the House is engaged Service, acting as a whole or by subcommit­ On page 3, line 13, after the word "chair­ tee, be authorized to conduct full and com­ man" insert "or, in his absence, the vice in general debate today. plete studies and investigations as reqUired chairman". The SPEAKER. Is there objection to in connection with all matters coming with­ On page 3, line 14, after the word "chair­ the request of the gentleman from Okla­ in the jurisdiction of the committee, in­ man" insert", or vice chairman,". homa? cluding, but not limited to the following There was no objection. matters: The SPEAKER. The gentleman from ( 1) The classification of all mail, postal Virginia EMr. SMITHJ is recognized for 1 rates, fees, and size and weight of all classes hour. CALL OF THE HOUSE of mail. Mr. SMITH of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, (2) The administration, management, and Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, I make the if the gentleman from Nebraska EMr. operation of the Postal Establishment, mail­ MARTIN] cares to yield time on his side point of order that a quorum is not ability of articles and printed matter, gen­ present. erally including, among other things, the at this time, he may do so inasmuch as The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum mailing of obscene matter and the mailing of we have only one speaker on this side. is not present. unsolicited articles with request for payment Mr. MARTIN of Nebraska. Mr. Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I move a or contribution. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentle­ call of the House. (3) Personnel requirements and man­ man from Illinois [Mr. ARENnsL power utilization throughout the Federal Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, I take A call of the House was ordered. civil service. this time to announce to the House the The Clerk called the roll, and the fol­ (4) The purchase, lease, rental, use, and modernization of land, buildings, vehicles, passing of our former colleague, Noah lowing Members failed to answer to their Mason, of Illinois, and to let you know names: and equipment for the Postal Establishment, including research, development, and engi­ that on tomorrow we hope to make some [Roll No. 54] remarks on the life and services of this Abbit1l Fino M1ller neering programs related thereto. Andrews, Flood Mink (5) Compensation and other emoluments great and outstanding Member of the Glenn Ford, Moore of Federal civil officers and employees. Congress for so many years. Ashbrook Gerald R. Moorhead (6) The administration of the civil service Mr. MARTIN of Nebraska. Mr. Ayres Frelinghuysen Morse retirement, insurance, and health benefits Speaker, this resolution, House Resolu­ Baldwin Fulton, Tenn. Nelsen programs. Berry Gibbons Nix tion 245, provides investigative and Bolling Grabowski O'Hara, Mich. (7) The United States Civil Service Com­ travel authorizations for the Post Office Bolton Gubser O'Neill, Mass. mission and the Federal civil service gen­ Bonner Gurney Pepper erally. and Civil Service Committee. Brock Hagan, Ga. Philbin (8) The activities of the Bureau of Census, The original resolution was reported Buchanan Halpern Powell National Archives, and the collection, re­ on February 2, 1965, House Resolution Cahill Hathaway Randall porting, and data processing activities of the 104. Conyers Hawkins Redlin The gentleman from Tennessee Cooley Holland Reid, N.Y. Government generally. EMr. MURRAY] asked that it not be Corbett Horton Resnick The committee shall not undertake any brought up. Cramer Hull Rivers, S.C. investigation of any subject which is being On February 25, 1965, the gentleman Culver Hungate Ronan investigated by any other committee of the Curtis I chord Roosevelt House. from Louisiana [Mr. MORRISON] sub­ Daddario Irwin Rostenkowski The committee shall report to the House mitted House Resolution 245. This res­ Dague Jennings St Germain olution provided for unrestricted for­ Dent Jones, Ala. Saylor (or to the Clerk of the House if the House is Derwinski Karth Scheuer not in session), at such time or times during eign travel. It also permitted the chair­ Dickinson Kastenmeier Shipley the present Congress as it deems appropriate, man of any subcommittee to issue sub­ Diggs Keogh Sikes the results of its investigations and studies, penas. In .hearings, the Committee on Donohue King, Calif. Springer together with such recommendations as it Rules did not want to give this power, not Downing Kluczynski Teague, Tex. deems advisable. Dulski Laird Todd because of any feelings toward the com­ Edwards, Calif. Long, Md. Toll For the purpose of carrying out this resolu­ mittee but in order to be consistent. Erlenborn Love Vanik tion the committee, or any subcommittee Evans, Colo. Macdonald Vivian thereof authorized to do so by the chairman The policy of the Rules Committee is Everett MacGregor Watkins of the committee, or subcommittee, is that only specified committees may have Evins, Tenn. Mackie Wilson, authorized to sit and act during the present unrestricted foreign travel. The com­ Farnsley Martin, Ala. Charles H. Congress at such times and places, whether mittee policy always has been to grant Feighan Martin, Mass. Wydler the House has recessed, or has adjourned, to requests for such travel to any commit­ The SPEAKER. On this rollcall 334 hold such hearings, and to require by sub­ tee for any specific necessary purpose. Members have answered to their names, pena or otherwise, the attendance and testi­ It is also the Rules Committee policy quorum. mony of such witnesses and the production a of such books, records, correspondence, to limit the power to grant subpenas. By unanimous consent, further pro­ memorandums, papers, and documents as it The committee has felt the power must ceedings under the call were dispensed deems necessary. Subpenas may be issued be limited to the chairman generally or with. over the signature o! the chairman o! the someone specifically named by him. As March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE ·6243 the Post Office and Civil Service Com­ Commerce Commission to remove pas­ and into Wyoming.....:..Congressmen and mitte has named a vice chairman, the senger trains, largely predicated on the Senators, both Democrats and Republi­ Rules Committee has decided, in the fact that the railway post offices are cans, are concerned about this-railway absence of the chairman, he may issue being pulled out, apparently by executive post office cars are being taken off two subpenas. :fiat or announcement in the Federal or three different lines, which is going It should be noted that both of these Register. to result in crippling the regular rail issues came up in other resolutions this I wonder if it is the intent of the re­ transportation system in our State. year. They have been handled in the spected Committee on Post Office and This is true throughout the country. same general manner. These limita­ Civil Service to look into this area and Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will the tions upon House committees are felt by other areas, such as the discontinuing gentleman yield to me? the Committee on Rules to be consistent of postal service of certain classes of Mr. MARTIN of Nebraska. I will be with an economically and a well run mail on Tuesdays and Thursdays in vari­ glad to yield to the gentleman from House. All committees are treated in ous regional areas. Iowa such time as he may desire. exactly the same manner. Mr. MARTIN of . Nebraska. Mr. Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, for 16 Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, will the Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from years I have been a member of the gentleman yield? Nebraska [Mr. CUNNINGHAM] to answer. House Committee on Post Office and Mr. MARTIN of Nebraska. I yield to Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, I Civil Service. Through those 16 years the gentleman from Missouri. believe I can answer the distinguished the committee opera.ted under the rules Mr.HALL. Mr.Speaker,Isupportthe gentleman from Missouri. of the House. This year the committee resolution. I have nothing whatsoever This problem does come under the adopted a sweeping set of new rules. against it. But I would like just a little jurisdication of the committee, and Among others, it established for the :first information from either the gentleman particularly the subcommittee on pastal time a vice chairman to take over in the on the Committee on Rules or from some operations, as well as related postal sub­ absence of, or perhaps in the presence member of the Committee on Post Office committees. We will be having hear­ of, the chairman. I do not know. The and Civil Service. ings, after Easter recess, as to the Postal rules have not been applied with full Mr. Speaker, there was recently estab­ service generally. forc.e and effect as yet. At any rate, in lished by joint action of both the House I am sure that will include the rail­ the Committee on Post Office and Civil and Senate a nonpartisan Joint Commit­ way postal office cars. Many railway Service we have a long list of new rules tee for the Reorganization of the Con­ post office cars, under the last three despite the fact that for 16 years it has gress, and specifically set out therein was Postmasters General, have been discon­ functioned quite well. I note in the instruction to look into many matters re­ tinued, and this has resulted in the dis­ pending resolution this language: lating to the legislative branch of our continuance of many thousands of trains Subpenas may be issued over the signature Government and other branches, execu­ thoughout the country, because, on many of the chairman or, in his absence, the vice tive and judicial, many of which would branch lines, the trains were losing chairman of the committee. obviously overlap the list of eight points money but the fact that there was a listed on pages 1 and 2 of House Resolu­ railway post office car on the train My question is this: What constitutes tion 245. gave them a small margin of profit. the absence of the chairman? Is it ab­ I believe this is good. Certainly, this When the Post Office Department began sence from the city of Washington? Is is within the area of jurisdiction of the removing the railway post office cars, it absence from the committee itself? Committee on Post Office and Civil Serv­ beginning with Postmaster General What constitutes the absence of the ice. Summerfield, and continuing the prac­ chairman? It is well to paint out at this time, per­ tice since then by other Postmasters Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, haps, that the Committee on the Reorga­ General this has caused many of the Will the gentleman yield? nization of the Congress can glean valu­ lines ~o lose money and they have had to Mr. GROSS. I yield to the gentleman. able information from the developments present petitions for discontinuance of Mr. CUNNINGHAM. I have to dis­ of this committee and subcommittees service. It is a serious problem. agree with my distinguished colleague thereof, and vice versa. In certain areas, I serve on three of the subcommittees from Iowa. This set of rules and new as to which the Committee on the Re­ which have to do with the Postal Depart­ procedures of the Committee on Post organization of the Congress will be in ment, and I assure the gentleman we Office and Civil Service has really been session, in the old Supreme Court cham­ are going into this subject. a Godsend to the operation of that com­ bers, with its staff, directly beneath here Mr. HALL. I appreciate the gentle­ mittee. It will make it more efficient in the U.S. Capitol Building, undoubt­ man's answer. I hope we can come up and proficient and bring this committee edly they will turn up material which with a solution as to "which comes :first, up to the standards of the other com­ might be of value to this committee. the hen or the egg," so far as the railway mittees. So far as the gentleman's ques­ Though I cannot speak for the chair­ post offices are concerned; because cer­ tion is concerned, if the chairman should man or the cochairman of that commit­ tain passenger trains are being with­ be out of the city or should be hospital­ tee, as we pass this resolution today, I drawn because and after the fact that ized, I should think then that would be should like to point out the need for the railway post offices are being with­ in the absence of the chairman. I do and ask that there be a spirit of under­ drawn. not think that is · any great problem to standing and cooperation in these areas, This is vital not only to the "feeder workout. particularly as they relate to functions lines" but also to some main lines or Mr. GROSS: I know it is the hope of where the jurisdiction of the Post Office larger railway systems, because it is in­ the gentleman from Nebraska that there and Civil Service Committee is not so disolubly tied up with the question of will be what he suggests as an improve­ great as the special committee on the re­ whether there are to be some mergers ment in the committee. That is his hope organization of Congress might well be of the great systems in the United States, and his assumption. However, the com­ of additive value thereto. in my opinion. mittee has not really functioned under Mr. Speaker, I have a second question, Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the new rules and there is no way by insofar as lines 7 and 9 of page 1 of will the gentleman yield? which he may know what the change House Resolution 245 are concerned. I Mr. MARTIN of Nebraska. I yield to means to the committee. I still have no wonder if this would encompass an in­ the gentleman from Nebraska. answer to the question as to whether the quiry by the very respected Committee Mr. CUNNINGHAM. That is a good vice chairman takes over and under what on Post Office and Civil Service into question; which comes first, the chicken circumstances he takes over. what is happening to our carriers? Spe­ or the egg? Mr. CUNNINGHAM. If the gentle­ cifically, I am thinking of the railway Postmaster General Summerfield man will yield further, it is true, as I post offices on the private railways of maintained that the railroads were dis­ said, that the chairman might be out of the country at this particular time. continuing these trains and therefore he town or he might be ill. We are just It is becoming increasingly apparent had no choice other than to take off the beginning. with this new set of rules. I that railways are asking to merge, and railway post office cars. I have evidence do not foresee any big problem in that specifically they are asking public serv­ to the contrary. Right now, in the State regard, and if there is a need for sub­ ice commissions and the Interstate of Nebraska, running through the State penas and the chairman is not available 6244 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 to do it, the vice chairman has that au­ be confined to the bill and continue not to Both titles of the bill grant the consent thority. I would say further that the exceed one hour, to be equally divided and of Congress to the action enumerated controlled by the chairman and ranking gentleman is in error when he says we minority member of the Committee on the and direct the Board of Commissioners have not had a chance to function under Judiciary, the bill shall be read for amend­ of the District of Columbia to enter into these new rules, because we have. We ment under the five-minute rule. At the the compacts. have had committee meetings already conclusion of the consideration of the bill Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of where we are now taking up actual legis­ for amendment, the Committee shall rise House Resolution 306. lation in our subcommittees which we and report the bill to the House with such The SPEAKER. The question is on were not allowed to do before. It has amendments as may have been adopted and the resolution. been working very well. the previous question shall be considered as ordered on the bill and amendments thereto The resolution was agreed to. Mr. GROSS. I would point out to the to final passage without intervening motion A motion to reconsider was laid on the gentleman that meetings of the subcom­ except one motion to recommit. After the table. mittees were being held before the new passage of H.R. 824, it shall be in order in rules were adopted. There was a lot of the House to take from the Speaker's table backing and filling on their adoption, as the bili S. 307 and consider the same. INCENTIVE PAY FOR SUBMARINE the gentleman will recall. As yet I have Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield DUTY no answer to the question as to whether, the usual 30 minutes to the gentleman Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, by direc­ if the chairman should absent himself from California [Mr. SMITHJ. tion of the Committee on Rules, I call up from the committee for 15 minutes in Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 306 House Resolution 308 and ask for its im­ order to answer the telephone, whether provides for considerrution of H.R. 824, a mediate consideration. the vice chairman could take over and bill granting the consent of Congress to The Clerk read as fallows: exercise all the powers of the chairman a compact relating t,o taxation of motor H. RES. 308 as he could do under the new rules of fuels consumed by interstate buses and Resolved, That upon the adoption of this the committee. If that constitutes ab­ to an agreement relating to bus taxrution resolution it shall be in order to move that sence, I would like to know it. proration and reciprocity. The resolu­ the House resolve itself into the Committee Mr. CUNNINGHAM. That is some­ tion provides an open rule with 1 hour of of the Whole House on the State of the thing we can face in the committee and Union for the consideration of the bill (H.R. general debate, with the further provi­ 5571) to amend title 37, United States Code, not have to take the time of the House sion that, after the passage of H.R. 824, it to try to solve that detail. to authorize payment of incentive pay for shall be in order to take from the Speak­ submarine duty to personnel qualified in Mr. GROSS. From what I have seen er's table S. 307 and consider the same. submarines attached to staffs of submarine of the rules and the taking away of The purpose of H.R. 824 is to grant the operational commanders. After general de­ authority that most chairmen of House consent of Congress, as contemplated by bate, which shall be confined to the bill and committees have, I would assume some­ article I, section 10, of the Constitution shall continue not to exceed one hour, to be thing like that could very well happen. equally divided and controlled by the chair­ of the United States, to the action of m an and ranking minority member of the I thank the gentleman from Nebraska specified States in entering into an inter­ Committee on Armed Services, the bill shall [Mr. MARTIN] for yielding. state compact, and to direct the Com­ be read for amendment under the five-min­ The SPEAKER. The question is on missioners of the District of Columbia to ute rule. At the conclusion of the consid­ the committee amendments. enter into the compact. eration of the bill for amendment, the Com­ The committee amendments were Title I of the bill involves a compact mittee shall rise and report the bill to the agreed to. House with such amendments as may have recently entered into by Maine, Mas­ been adopted, and the previous question The resolution was agreed to. sachusetts, New Hampshire, Pennsylva­ shall be considered as ordered on the b111 and A motion to reconsider was laid on the nia, and Maryland, relating to State amendment thereto to final passage without table. taxation of motor fuels consumed by in­ intervening motion except one motion to Mr. SMITH of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, terstate buses. recommit. this resolution was one of the usual res­ Under this compact, an owner or oper­ Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield olutions which the House gives to the ator of interstate buses would pay a 30 minutes to the gentleman from Cali­ committees at the beginning of the Con­ motor fuel tax to a party State in which fornia [Mr. SMITH], and pending that I gress to make investigations, and so his buses operated, in an amount deter­ yield myself such time as I may con­ forth. There was some little difficulty mined by applying that State's fuel tax sume. about this and some controversy about 1t rate to the number of gallons consumed Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 308 and finally the matter was ironed out. in the firm's bus operations within the provides for consideration of H.R. 5571, a In the meantime the Committee on Rules State. The amount of fuel consumed bill to amend title 37, United States Code, had reported a resolution, House Resolu­ would be determined by dividing the to authorize payment of incentive pay tion 104, which is now on the calendar number of miles traveled by the firm's for submarine duty to personnel quali­ and I ask unanimous consent, Mr. Speak­ buses within that State by the average fied in submarines attached to staffs of er, that that resolution be laid upon the mileage per gallon obtained by all of the submarine operational commanders. table. firm's operations, both within and out­ The resolution provides an open rule The SPEAKER. Without objection, it side of the State. The fuel tax paid with 1 hottr of general debate. is so ordered. within the party State by the bus firm would be adjusted by appropriate addi­ The purpose of H.R. 5571 is to clarify There was no objection. the entitlement of certain personnel tional payments or refunds to conform assigned duties on the staffs of subma­ to the actual tax due under the proposed rine operational commanders to con­ CONSENTING TO COMPACT ON TAX­ tax formula. tinuous incentive pay for submarine ATION ON MOTOR FUELS Title II of the bill involves an agree­ ment recently entered into by Maine, duty. Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, by direc­ New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Mary­ The Department of the Navy has paid tion of the Committee on Rules, I call up land, and New York, relating to bus tax­ certain members assigned duties on staffs House Resolution 306 and ask for its im­ ation proration and reciprocity. of submarine operational commanders mediate consideration. Under this compact, parties agree to continuous incentive pay for submarine The Clerk read as follows: prorate bus registration fees so that any duties under the authority contained in H. RES. 306 owner of a fleet of buses may register the section 301 of title 37, United States Code. Resolved, That upon the adoption of this buses of that fleet in any compacting resolution it shall be in order to move that State by paying to that State total regis­ The award of this incentive pay to the House resolve itself into the Committee tration fees in an amount equal to that these staff personnel has been made since of the Whole House on the State of the Union obtained by applying the proportion of 1944. However, the Comptroller Gen­ for the consideration of the bill (H.R. 824) eral, by a decision dated October 30, 1964, granting the consent of Congress to a com­ in-State fleet miles divided by total fleet pact relating to taxation of motor fuels con­ miles, to the total fees that would other­ has ruled that the language of the pres­ sumed by interstate buses and to an agree­ wise be required for regular registration ent statute does not permit the con­ ment relating to bus taxation proration and of all the vehicles in the compacting tinued payment of this incentive pay to reciprocity. After general debate, which shall State. such staff personnel unless a majority of March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6245 their assigned duties are actually per­ Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 307 Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield formed on board a submarine. provides an open rule with 1 hour of de­ myself such time as I may consume. The Comptroller Gerieral further stated bate on H.R. 3044, a bill to authorize pay­ Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that exceptions would be made to these ment of incentive pay for the perform­ to speak out of order and to revise and payments after March 1, 1965. Subse­ ance of hazardous duty on the flight deck extend my remarks. quently, the Departments of Defense of an aircraft carrier. The SPEAKER. Is there objection and Navy indicated their desire to re­ The rate of incentive pay for the haz­ to the request of the gentleman from quest clarifying legislation so as to per­ ardous duty performed by these person­ Mississippi? mit the continuation of this incentive nel as proposed by H.R. 3044 would be There was no objection. payment of these staff personnel. $110 for officers and $55 for enlisted per­ Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, to those Accordingly, the chairman of the sonnel per month. It would be paid only who might be interested I am provoked Armed Services Committee requested the for those months during which an in­ to make some remarks that I would pre­ Comptroller General to further extend dividual was actually subjected to the fer to refrain from making. But every the deadline date so as to permit the stated hazard, and would not be given to time this House has met here within the Congress an adequate opportunity to act personnel already receiving incentive past few months someone arises on the on the Departments' request for clarify­ pay for other hazards. floor and makes a vicious attack upon ing legislation. The Comptroller Gen­ These personnel, some of whom are either the State of Mississippi or the eral, in reply, advised that he would ex­ members of the carrier's crew and some State of Alabama or some other State tend the cutoff date until June 1, 1965, of whom are attached to aircraft squad­ which is blessed with God's bountiful and indicated that, in the event legisla­ rons operating from the carrier, include sunshine lying immediately to the south tion had not been enacted by that time, the flight deck catapult and arresting of this particular area. he did not believe there was justifica­ gear crews, plane directors and handlers, Now, Mr. Speaker, this morning what tion for further extension of time. phone talkers, and elevator operators. provoked me again, I repeat, into mak­ Therefore, the Congress must act af­ Also included are those members of the ing these remarks is that the gentleman firmatively on the legislation not later crash crew, fueling crew, ordnance crew, from Illinois [Mr. YATES] rose and made than June 1, or further entitlement to hospital corpsmen, squadron mainte­ another attack upon the Ku Klux Klan. this pay will be lost by these personnel. nance and ordnance personnel, and plane Now, let me say before anyone forms Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of captains whose duties require their any conclusions that I do not arise in be­ House Resolution 308. presence on the flight deck during flight half or in defense of the Ku Klux Klan, Mr. SMITH of California. Mr. operations. nor do I rise to castigate or denounce Speaker, I yield myself such time as I Flight deck personnel perform their the NAACP, CORE, SNIC, or any other may use. duties during flight operations around, under, and in close proximity to moving organization. Least of all, Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 308, has to do with do I rise to condemn the Negro race. incentive pay for work on submarines. aircraft. They are exposed to hazards from jet intake, jet blasts, propeller wash, However, Mr. Speaker, I must be honest Mr. Speaker, I know of no objection to as one who has lived in the South all of the bill or to this rule under considera­ whirling propellers, flying objects de­ tached from aircraft in faulty landings, my life, to confess that I entertain seri­ tion now. ous doubts whether those who lead these The SPEAKER. The question is on aircraft crashes and fires, and accidents caused by breakage or faulty operation organizations are rendering any real the resolution. of components of the catapult or arrest­ contribution to the objectives which they The resolution was agreed to. ing gear. The hazards are increased by profess to attain. A motion to reconsider was laid on the the conditions under which flight deck What disturbs me deeply is that there table. personnel must perform their duties. are so many, apparently, who for rea­ Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of sons of their own, and that is up to their PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION House Resolution 307. conscience, would revive among our peo­ Mr. SMITH of California. Mr. Speak­ ple the fratricidal strife of a century OF HOUSE RESOLUTION 307, IN­ ago. I had thought, and I hope, and I CENTIVE PAY er, I think it is well that we have a little explanation of this particular matter. pray, that we can all have one Union, Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, by direc­ I would like to say, Mr. Speaker, that that we can all live under the same flag, tion of the Committee on Rules, I call up as the resolution states, it calls for 1 that we can all continue to be devoted House Resolution 307 and ask for its hour of general debate under an open to the greatest document ever conceived immediate consideration. rule or the consideration of H.R. 3044. by the minds of men, the great Magna The Clerk read the resolution as fol­ Mr. Speaker, this is a bill which I think Carta of American liberty, the Constitu­ lows: is quite important, inasmuch as the pur­ tion of the United States. H. RES. 307 pose of this legislation is to authorize in­ Demands are made now for an investi­ Resolved, That upon the adoption of this centive pay for personnel who perform gation of the Klan. All right, let us resolution it shall be in order to move that these hazardous duties on the flight decks investigate the Klan. I have no objec­ the House resolve itself into the Committee of aircraft carriers. It ranges from about tion. But if we are going into tha.t, why of the Whole House on the State of the $110 a month to officers and $55 a month stop with the Klan? Why not investi­ Union for the consideration of the bill (H.R. gate some of these other organizations, 3044) to authorize payment of incentive pay for enlisted men. for the performance of hazardous duty on Mr. Speaker, let us hope that through some of whom are responsible for the the flight deck of an aircraft carrier. After this means more of the officers and en­ unfortunate strife that has arisen in the general debate, which shall be confined to listed men will continue to reenlist, par­ country, and again unfortunately is the bill and shall continue not to exceed one ticularly the enlisted men, and carry on growing daily. hour, to be equally divided and controlled these important duties. Why, there is an organization that by the chairman and ranking minority mem­ Mr. Speaker, it is estimated that this flourishes in my friend's city of Chicago, ber of the Committee on Armed Services, the the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. bill shall be read for amendment under the will cost approximately $5,326,000 per five-minute rule. At the conclusion of the year. It is tied down, Mr. Speaker, as YATES], known as the Black Muslims. consideration of the bill for amendment, the I understand it, so that they will receive Of all the accusations that have ever Committee shall rise and report the bill to this extra remuneration only if they ac­ been made against the Klan, and again, the House with such amendments as may tually do perform hazardous work and I hold no brief for it, and let no one im­ have been adopted, and the previous ques­ this represents an effort to pay these men pute that to me, but I did not hear the tion shall be considered as ordered on the additional suins of money. gentleman from Illinois, nor do I recall bill and amendments thereto to final pas­ Mr. Speaker, I know of no objection to having heard anybody else, rise on the sage without intervening motion except one floor of this House and ask for an in­ motion to recommit. the rule and I know of no objection to the bill. vestigation of the Black Muslims, which, Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield The SPEAKER. The question is on if I understand correctly from what I the usual 30 minutes to the gentleman the resolution. have read in the press, teaches hatred from California [Mr. SMITH], and pend­ The resolution was agreed to. of the white man. Surely it is not neces­ ing that I yield myself such time as I may A motion to reconsider was laid on the sary to remind my colleagues who honor consume. table. me here today with their attention that CXI--396 6246 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE_ March 29, 1965 the bombings, the riots, and the murder a thing happens as are all of the good was a fine, splendid, outstanding young that occurred recently in the great city people in the State of Alabama shocked. man. of New York were not instigated or per­ Why one of the most unfortunate trage­ Mr. Speaker,. the gentleman from formed by people of the white race. dies that has occurred recently was the Arkansas [Mr. GATHINGS] made some ref­ Mr. Speaker, as a member of this killing-the murder if you please--of this erence here today, in a 1-minute speech, House for more than 32 years I state good woman from Detroit. I assume she to the interview of the Nobel Peace Prize upon my honor and integrity as a Mem­ was a good woman. I have every reason winner, Doctor King, on yesterday, and ber of this body that there may be, and to assume she was a good woman. She paid his respects to the objectives of the undoubtedly are members of the Klan should never have been shot down in great disciple of peace. in my State, but I could not name you cold blood. Whoever perpetrated that, Incidentally, Mr. Speaker, I, too, heard one if my neck were on the block in whether they belong to the Ku Klux Klan this interview on "Meet the Press." I order to save it. In fact, I seriously or the NAACP or the White Citizens am sure that hundreds of thousands of doubt whether there are as many Klans­ Council, or any other group, or whether other people who witnessed this remark­ men in my State as there are members they do not belong to any group except able performance were amazed at some of the Black Muslim organization in the the group of the human race, they should of the statements made by the great city of Chicago. be prosecuted to the full extent of the peace prize winner. Possibly the most Moreover, I doubt with equal sincerity law and pay the fullest penalty of the law. amazing part of the performance was the if there are as many members of the There was a minister of the gospel­ statement of the nonviolence leader to Klan in the country as a whole as there some people may doubt whether he was the effect that good laws should be are members of this race-hating organi­ best serving the cause that he claimed to obeyed and bad laws should be ignored. zation. be serving when he went into the State In other words, he, Doctor King, decided Mr. Speaker, there is another organi­ of Alabama and was brutally beaten to which laws should be obeyed and which zation in this country that has been death. I am not judging here today on disobeyed. This coming from undoubt­ sending its representatives and beguiling this floor whether he was justified in go­ edly the foremost leader of the so-called many innocent people of undoubtedly ing there or not. But he was slain. He Negro movement is not only amazing but good will into my State of Mississippi was beaten to death. Of course, who­ it is dangerous doctrine. and other States of the South for the ever perpetrated that ought to pay the In another phase of the interview this past year or more known as SNIC. This full penalty of the law. great friend and leader of the Negro race organization is headed by one James That has been played up in the press­ would boycott the whole industrial fabric Farmer, who has repeatedly been named and appropriately so, we will say. But of the State of Alabama. Under this ap­ by congressional investigating commit­ on Saturday night four Negroes down in proach the wheels of industry would stop, tees for his subversive activities and my congressional district riding in an Federal funds would be withdrawn and cited because of his communistic associ­ automobile were attempted to be stopped the whole economy of the State of Ala­ ations. Another leader in this organ­ by a young constable, a young white man bama stifled. ization is a white man by the name uf 29 years of age, with a young wife and son I ask you, my colleagues, who would William Higgs described by Messrs. 9 years of age. This man had done no suffer most from such a procedure? Rowland Evans and Robert Novak in an wrong, if we can believe the meager press Would it be the white citizens or the Ne­ article in yesterday's Washington Post report. I doubt if you could find it re­ gro people of Alabama? The gentleman as being "William Higgs, a leftist radical ported in the local papers. He attempted from Arkansas [Mr. GATHINGS] very white lawyer from Mississippi who is an to stop these people. aptly pointed out a few moments ago the expert at the art of disruption." And I This was no question of civil rights in­ answer to this question. He pled with might add that this same William Higgs volved here. He was a young officer per­ the advocate of this policy that the poor was convicted of a most nauseating crime forming his duty. Negro school children be permitted to and ran out of the State of Mississippi. With the exception of the testimony of continue to receive their free lunches. This organization-SNIC-has been two young Negro children, 9 and 13, the What are we trying to do here? Are most active in Alabama, Louisiana, and facts might never have been known. we trying to build up another barrier Mississippi in the so-called voter drive They might have died there on the sod of that will destroy the good relations be­ registration. It is undoubtedly commu­ Forrest County, Miss. tween the sections of the country and be­ nistic controlled. There will not be any hysteria all over tween the races? I stood in the well of So, Mr. Speaker, if the Congress is go­ the country about this young constable this House when the first civil rights bill ing into the business of investigating or­ being killed. Oh, no; there will be no was under consideration. You will find ganizations let it not stop with the Klan. demand for investigations and legisla­ in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD where I Personally I would have no objection, in tion. pointed out then that one of the chief fact I would welcome an investigation of There will be no national effort made results of this would be the breaking both the Klan, SNIC, Black Muslims, and to raise funds for this young widow and down of the good relations and the con­ any other that the Congress so desired. her infant son. tact between the races. That is happen­ In fact, I would gladly join with the gen­ But I do want to say that one of my ing today, and it is so sad, it is so regret­ tleman from Illinois [Mr. YATES] in a colleagues-I must give him whatever table, it is so unfortunate. mutually sincere effort of this sort. credit there is for it-has suggested to Mr. PASSMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the Who revived all of this Klan business me this morning that a fund should be gentleman yield? anyway? It is these people from these started and raised for the widow and other States like the people from my small child this young man left. My Mr. COLMER. I yield to my friend good friend's State of Illinois. I am cer­ friend who made the suggestion is none from Louisiana. tainly not blaming the people of Illinois other than the distinguished, patriotic Mr. PASSMAN. I wish to thank the or of Chicago. I am not being critical of Member of this House, the able Repre­ distinguished gentleman from Missis­ them because an organization of that na­ sentative from Louisiana [Mr. PASSMAN] , sippi [Mr. COLMER] for yielding to me so ture is permitted to grow; I was going to who says that he will start the fund­ that I may assure him of my full coopera­ use the word "flourish," but I do not raising by making his own contribution, tion in helping to create a fund for the think that would be quite accurate. I and that he will act as treasurer for the widow and young son of a Mississippi know that the good people of Illinois, receipt of any other funds which anyone law enforcement officer, Frederick L. New York, and America are against that else might want to make available to help Humphrey, who was murdered at Hat­ kind of business. They do not want to this young widow and her young son as tiesburg, Miss., on Friday night last, in see one race arrayed against the other they travel alone through the long dark the performance of his duty. any more than you and I do. avenues of life. It would appear that this is another But again it is a question of which is Of course, I shall be very happy to case of disrespect for law enforcement fish and which is fowl. If a person is make my own contribution, within my officials which, apparently, is running killed-a Negro or an outstater is killed means, because it so happens that I knew rampant throughout the Nation. The in either Alabama or one of the other this young man, this young constable, 29-year-old officer was slain by a 20- Southern States-it"makes glaring head­ and I know something of his economic year-old Negro while carrying out his lines. The people are shocked that such circumstances as well as the fact that he duty as a peace officer. March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6247 I ask the Members of this House and ing to bus taxation proration and Mr. MATHIAS. Mr. Chairman, I the American people to Join with me in reciprocity. yield myself such time as I may consume. extending heartfelt sympathy and finan­ The motion was agreed to. Mr. Chairman, I 1associate myself fully cial aid to the unfortunate widow and IN THE COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE with the very concise and complete ex­ young son in the true American spirit. I Accordingly, the House resolved itself planation that has been given of this bill am sure the press of America will give into the Committee of the Whole House by the gentleman from Louisiana [Mr. this appeal the same coverage it has on the State of the Union for the con­ WILLIS]. given to similar appeals, remembering sideration of the bill H.R. 824, with Mr. Mr. Chairman, I believe the gentleman that this young widow and child are UDALL in the chair. from Louisiana has fully explained the equally as deserving of our prayers and The Clerk read the title of the bill. nature of the bill. financial assistance as the families of By unanimous consent, the first read­ The principle that underlies the com­ otlher slain public officials or, for that ing of the bill was dispensed with. pact to which the Congress is asked to matter, the families of other individuals Mr. WILLIS. Mr. Chairman, I yield give approval is an equitable principle who are victims of similar incidents. I myself 5 minutes. and it is one which is in force in many have no doubt but that the press will give areas of our economy. It is applied in full coverage to this appeal. Mr. Chairman, this bill gives the con­ this case to bus transportation. Certainly I shall contribute to this sent of Congress--as contemplated by I am happy to say, Mr. Chairman, that fund, as I have to others, and it is a article I, section 10 of the Constitution­ there was unanimous support for this bill privilege for me to act as treasurer of to two interstate compacts, and also di­ in the committee on both sides of the the fund. I shall see that Mrs. Frederick rects the District of Columbia to enter aisle. L. Humphrey, of Hattiesburg, Miss., is into each compact. The bill has two Mr. Chairman, I urge that the House furnished with the name and address of titles. Title I deals with taxation of approve this bill. each contributor as well as the amount motor fuels consumed by interstate Mr. WILLIS. Mr. Chairman, I have no of each contribution. I shall insert in buses; title II deals with interstate bus further requests for time. the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the names of registration. Mr. MATHIAS. Mr. Chairman, I have all donors with the exception, of course, The States involved are: no further requests for time. of those who wish to contribute anon­ Title I motor fuels: Maine, Maryland, The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read. ymously. I shall not list the amounts New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and The Clerk read as follows: of the contributions individually in the Massachusetts. Title II bus registration: Maine, Mary­ H.R. 824 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, but this informa­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House tion will be available at the depository, land, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and of Representatives of the United States of to be named in a subsequent insertion in New York. America in Congress assembled, the RECORD. The compact involved in title I, which relates to State taxation of motor fuels TITLE I Please mail your contribution to OTTO SECTION 101. The consent of Congress is E. PASSMAN, Member of Congress, 2108 consumed by interstate buses, would hereby given to the Sta:tes of Maine, Massa­ Rayburn Office Building, Washington, prorate motor fuel taxation on the basis chusetts, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and D.C., or to WILLIAM M. COLMER, Member of miles operated within each compact­ Maryland, and to the District of Columbia to of Congress, 2307 Rayburn Office Build­ ing State. The tax would be based on enter into a compact on taxation of motor ing, Washington, D.C. Make checks pay­ the number of gallons used in the State. fuels consumed by interstate buses. But able to the Mrs. Frederick Humphrey The number of gallons used would be before any other State, any Province of Can­ Fund. obtained by dividing the number of miles ada, or any State or territory or the Federal operated within the State by the average District of Mexico shall be m ade a party to I wish to thank the distinguished such compact, the further consent of Con­ gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. COL­ mileage per gallon achieved by the bus gress shall first be obtained. Such compact MER] for bringing this matter to the at­ in all operations. shall be in substantially the followi.ng form: tention of the House. I shall also thank The compact involved in title II which "COMPACT ON TAXATION OF MOTOR FUELS CON­ the American press in advance for any relates to bus registration proration and SUMED BY INTERSTATE BUSES coverage they may give to this meritori­ reciprocity, would prorate State registra­ tion fees on the basis of miles operated "Article I-Purposes ous appeal. "The purposes of this agreement are tcr­ Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent within each compacting State. The reg­ "(a) avoid multiple taxation of motor to revise and extend my remarks. istration fee would be computed on the fuels consumed by interstate buses and to The SPEAKER. Is there objection to basis of the proportion of miles traveled assure each State of its fair share of motor the request of the gentleman from within the State to the total annual fuel taxes; Louisiana? miles traveled by the bus. "(b) establish and facilitate the adminis­ There was no objection. Both compacts would thus base taxa­ tration of a criterion of motor fuel taxation Mr. COLMER. Finally, Mr. Speaker, tion on the actual use of a State's high­ for interstate buses which is reasonably re­ lated to the use of highway and related fa­ I regret the necessity for having to take ways. cilities and services in each of the party the time of the House to make this state­ In accordance with committee policy States; and ment. I have refrained time after time and with a recommendation of the De­ "(c) encourage the availability of a maxi­ from replying to these inflammatory at­ partment of Justice with respect to an mum number of buses for intrastate service tacks made upon the people of my section earlier bill, consent is limited to those by removing motor fuel taxation as a deter­ of our great common country. Whatever States that have already entered the re­ rent in the routing of interstate buses. the objectives of these provocative spective compacts. The bill also contains "Article II-Definitions speeches may be and how well inten­ the usual reservation of the right of "(a) State: State shall include the States tioned they may be motivated, the truth Congress to alter, amend, or repeal the of the United States, the District of Colum­ is inescapable. The wedge of dissension consent granted. bia, the territories of the United States, the between the races is being driven deeper The Department of Commerce and the Provinces of Canada, and the States, Terri­ and deeper to the irreparable injury of tories, and Federal District of Mexico. Interstate Commerce Commission ap­ " ( b) Contracting State: Contracting State both races in our great common country. prove the legislation. The Department shall mean a State which is a party to this of Justice has no objection when consent agreement. is limited, as in H.R. 824, to the States "(c) Administrator: Administrator shall CONSENTING TO COMPACT ON which have actually elected to join the mean the official or agency of a State ad­ TAXATION OF MOTOR FUELS compacts. ministering the moto:r fuel t axes involved. Mr. WILLIS. :Mr. Speaker, I move The Board of Commissioners of the "(d) Person: Person shall include any in­ District of Columbia recognize and sup­ dividual, firm, copartnership, joint venture, that the House resolve itself into the association , corporation, est ate, trust, busi­ Committee of the Whole House on the port the objects of the legislation, but ness trust, reoeiver, syndicate, or any other State of the Union for the consideration object to being directed to join the com­ group or combination actin g as a unit. of the bill (H.R. 824) granting the con­ pacts. They indicate that enactment " ( e) Bus: Bus shall mean any motor vehi­ sent of Congress to a compact relating to will result in loss to the District of cle of a bus type engaged in the interstate taxation of motor fuels consumed by in­ $68,000 per annum in registration fees transportation of passengers and subject to terstate buses and to an agreement relat- and about $250,000 in fuel tax revenue. the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce 6248 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 Commission or any agency successor thereto, The provisions of this compact shall be sev­ the freedom to develop the kind of highway or one or more State regulatory agencies erable and if any phrase, clause, sentence, or user tax structure that it determines to be concerned with the regulation of passenger provision of this compact is declared to be most appropriate to itself, that the method transport. contrary to the constitution of any State or of taxation of interstate buses should not be "(f) Gallon: Gallon shall mean the liquid of the United States or the applicability a determining factor in developing its user measure containing 231 cubic inches. thereof to any government, agency, person, tax structure, and that annual taxes or "Article III-Governing principle or circumstance is held invalid, the validity other taxes of the fixed-fee type upon buses of the remainder of this compact and the which are not imposed on a basis that re­ "For purposes of this compact, the primary applicability thereof to any government, flects the amount of highway use should be principle for the imposition of motor fuel agency, person, or circumstances shall not be apportioned among the States, within the taxes shall be consumption of such fuel affected thereby. If this compact shall be limits of practicality, on the basis of ve­ within the State. Motor fuel consumed by held contrary to the constitution of any hicle miles traveled within each of the States. buses shall be taxed on the existing basis, State participating herein, the compact shall "Article II-Definitions as it may be from time to time, and under remain in full force and effect as to the re­ the procedures for collection of such taxes maining party States and in full force and "(a) State: State shall include the States by each party State, except that to the ex­ effect as to the State affected as to all sever­ of the United States, the District of Colum­ tent that this compact makes provision able matters." bia, the territories of the United States, the therefor, or for any matter connected there­ SEC. 102. As used in the compact set forth Provinces of Canada, and the States, Terri­ with, such provision shall govern. in section 101 with reference to the District tories, and Federal District of Mexico. "Article IV-How fuel consumed to be of Columbia- "(b) Contracting State: Contracting ascertained ( 1) the term "Legislature" shall mean the State shall mean a State which is a party to this agreement. "The amount of fuel used in the operation Congress of the United States; and (2) the term "Governor" shall mean the " ( c) Administrator: Administrator shall of any bus within this State shall be con­ mean the official or agency of a State ad­ clusively presumed to be the number of Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia. ministering the fee involved, or, in the case miles operated by such bus within the Stare of proration of registration, the official or divided by the average mileage per gallon SEC. 103. The Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia shall enter into the agency of a State administering the prora­ obtained by the bus during the tax period tion of registration in that State. in all operations, whether within or without compact authorized by section 101 of this the party State. Any owner or opera tor of title without further action on the part of "(d) Person: Person shall include any two or more buses shall calculate average the Congress, and issue such rUles and individual, firm, copartnership, joint ven­ mileage within the meaning of this article regulations as may be necessary for the ture, association, corporation, estate, trust, implementation of such compact. Notwith­ business trust, receiver, syndicate, or any by computing single average figures covering other group or combination acting as a unit. all buses owned or operated by him. standing any provision of this Act, nothing herein shall be construed so as to affect the "(e) Base State: Base State shall mean the "Article V-Imposition of tax authority vested in the Board of Commis­ State from or in which the bus is most fre­ "Every owner or operator of buses shall sioners of the District of Columbia by Reor­ quently dispatched, garaged, serviced, main­ pay to the party Stare taxes equivalent to ganization Plan Numbered 5 of 1952 (66 tained, operated, or otherwise controlled, or the amount of tax per gallon multiplied by Stat. 824). The performance of any func­ also in the case of a fleet bus the State to the number of gallons used in its operations tion vested by this Act in the Board of which it is allocated for registration under in the party State. Commissioners (other than the entry into statutory requirements. In order that this "Article VI-Reports a compact authorized by this Act) or in any section may not be used for the purpose of office or agency under the jurisdiction and evasion of registration fees, the adminis­ "On or before the last business day of the control of said Board of Commissioners may trators of the contracting States may make month following the month being reported be delegated by said Board of Commissioners the final decision as to the proper base State, upon, each bus owner or operator subject to in accordance with section 3 of such plan. in accordance with article III(h} hereof, to the payment of fuel taxes pursuant to this SEC. 104. All provisions of law applicable prevent or avoid such evasion. compact shall make such reports of its oper­ to the District of Columbia shall, to the ex­ "(f) Bus: Bus shall mean any motor ve­ ations as the State administrator of motor tent they are inconsistent with the compact hicle of a bus type engaged in the interstate fuel taxes may require and shall furnish the authorized by this title, be inapplicable to transportation of passengers and subject to State administrator in each other party the taxation of buses (as that term is de­ the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce State wh·erein his buses operate a copy of fined in the compact) in the District of Commission, or any agency successor there­ such report. Columbia during such time as the District to, or one or more State regulatory agencies "Article VII-Credit for payment of fuel is a party to such compact. concerned with the regulation of passenger taxes SEC. 105. The right is hereby reserved by transport. "Each bus owner or operator shall be en­ the Congress or any of its standing commit­ "(g) Fleet: As to each contracting State, titled to a credit equivalent to the amount tees to require the disclosure and the fur­ fleet shall include only those buses which of tax per gallon on all motor fuel purchased nishing of such information and data by the actually travel a portion of their total miles by such operator within the party State for parties to this compact as is deemed appro­ in such State. A fleet must include three or use in operations either within or without priate by the Congress or such committee. more buses. the party State, and upon which the motor SEC. 106. The right to alter, amend, or re­ "(h) Registration: Registration shall fuel tax imposed by the laws of such party peal this title is expressly reserved. mean the registration of a bus and the pay­ State has been paid. TITLE II ment of annual fees and taxes as set forth "Article VIII-Additional tax or refund SEC. 201. The consent of Congress is hereby in or pursuant to the laws of the respective contracting States. "If the bus owner or operator's monthly given to the States of Maine, New Hamp­ shire, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and New " ( i) Proration of registration: Proration of report shows a debit balance after taking registration shall mean registration of fleets credit pursuant to article VII, a remittance York, and to the District of Columbia to enter into a compact providing for bus taxa­ of buses in accordance with article IV of in such net amount due shall be made with this agreement. the report. If the report shows a credit bal­ tion proration and reciprocity. But before any other State, any Province of Canada, "(j) Reciprocity: Reciprocity shall mean ance, after taking credit as herein provided, that each contracting State, to the extent a refund in such net amount as has been or any State or territory or the Federal Dis­ trict of Mexico shall be made a party to such provided in this agreement, exempts a bus overpaid shall be made by the party State to from registration and registration fees. such owner or opera tor. compact, the further consent of Congress shall first be obtained. Such compact shall "Article III-General provisions "Article IX-Entry into force and be in substantially the following form: withdrawal " (a) Effect on other agreements, arrange­ "BUS TAXATION PRORATION AND RECIPROCITY "This compact shall enter into force when ments, and understandings: On and after its AGREEMENT enacted into law by any two States. There­ effective date, this agreement shall super­ after it shall enter into force and become "Article I-Purposes and principles sede any reciprocal or other agreement, "SEC. 1. Purposes of agreement: It is the arrangement, or understanding between any binding upon any State subsequently join­ two or more of the contracting States cover­ ing when such State has enacted the com­ purpose of this agreement to set up a system pact into law. Withdrawal from the com­ whereby any contracting State may permit ing, in whole or in part, any of the matters pact shall be by act of the legislature of a owners of fleets of buses operating in two covered by this agreement; but this agree­ party State, but shall not take effect until or more States to prorate the registration of ment shall not affect any reciprocal or other one year after the Governor of the with­ the buses in such fleets in each State in which agreement, arrangement, or understanding drawing State has notified the Governor of the fleets operate on the basis of the propor­ between a contracting State and a State or each other party State, in writing, of the tion of miles operated within such State to States not party t.o this agreement. withdrawal. total fleet miles, as defined herein. "(b) Applicability to exempt vehicles: "SEC. 2. Principle of proration of registra­ This agreement shall not require registra­ "Article X-Construction and severabtlity tion: It is hereby declared that in making tion in a contracting State of any vehicles "This compact shall be liberally construed this agreement the contracting States adhere which are in whole or part exempt from so as to effectuate the purposes thereof. to the principle that each State should have registration under the laws or regUlations of March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6249 such State without respect to this agree­ plication for registration is made will be the period for which it is registered or iden­ ment. determined by the Administrator upon the tified, the owner shall notify the administra­ " ( c) Inapplicability to caravaned vehicles: sworn application of the applicant showing tor of each State in which it is registered or The benefits and privileges of this agreement the operations during such period in other identified of such withdrawal and shall re­ shall not be extended to a vehicle operated States and the estimated operations during turn the plates and registration card or on its own wheels, or in tow of a motor the registration year for which registration identification as may be required by or pur­ vehicle, transported for the purpose of selling is sought, in the State in which application suant to the laws of the respective States. or offering the same for sale to or by any is being made; or if no operations were con­ "(i) Audits: The administrator of each agent, dealer, purchaser, or prospective pur­ ducted during such period, a full statement contracting State shall, within the statutory chaser. of the proposed method of operation. authority of such administrator, make any "(d) Other fees and taxes: This agreement "If any buses operate in two or more information obtained upon an audit of rec­ does not waive any fees or taxes charged or States which permit the proration of regis­ ords of any applicant for proration of regis­ levied by any State in connection with the tration on the basis of a fleet of buses con­ tration available to the administrators of the ownership or operation of vehicl~s other than sisting of a lesser number of vehicles than other contracting States. registration fees as defined herein. All other provided in article II(g), such fleet may be "(j) En·ors in registration: If it is deter­ fees and taxes shall be paid to each State prorated as to registration in such States, in mined by the administrator of a contracting in accordance with the laws thereof. which event the buses in such fleet shall State, as a result of such audits or otherwise, " ( e) Statutory vehicle regulations: This not be required to register in any other con­ that an improper fee has been paid his State, agreement shall not authorize the operation tracting States if each such vehicle is regis­ or errors in registration found, the adminis­ of a vehicle in any contracting State con­ tered in some contracting State (except to trator may require the fleet owner to make trary to the laws or regulations thereof, ex­ the extent it is exempt from registration as the necessary corrections in the registration cept those pertaining to registration and provided in article III(b)). of his fleet and payment of fees. payment of fees; and with respect to such "If the administrator of any State deter­ laws or regulations, only to the extent pro­ mines, based on his method of the operation "Article V-Reciprocity vided in this agreement. thereof, that the inclusion of a bus or buses " (a) Grant of reciprocity: Each of the "(f) Violations: Each contracting State as a part of a fleet would adversely affect the contracting States grants reciprocity as pro­ reserves the right to withdraw, by order of proper fleet fee which should be paid to his vided in this article. the administrator thereof, all or any part State, having due regard for fairness and "(b) Applicability: The provisions of this of the benefits or privileges granted pursuant equity, he may refuse to permit any or all agreement with respect to reciprocity shall to this agreement from the owner of any of such buses to be included in his State as apply only to a bus properly registered in the vehicle or fleet of vehicles operated in viola­ a part of such fleet. base State of the bus, which State must be a tion of any provision of this agreement. The "(b) Total fleet miles: Total fleet miles, contracting State. administrator shall immediately give notice with respect to each contracting State, shall "(c) Nonapplicability to fleet buses: The of any such violation and withdrawal of any mean the total miles operated by the fleet reciprocity granted pursuant to this article such benefits or privileges to the administra­ (1) in such State, (2) in all other contracting shall not apply to a bus which is entitled tor of each other contracting State in which States, (3) in other States having propor­ to be registered or identified as part of a pro­ vehicles of such owner are operated. tional registration provisions, (4) in States rated fleet. "(g) Cooperation: The administrator of with which such contracting State has rec­ "(d) Extent of reciprocity: The reciprocity each of the contracting States shall coop­ iprocity, and (5) in such other States as granted pursuant to this article shall permit erate with the administrators of the others the administrator determines should be in­ the interstate operation of a bus and intra­ and each contracting State hereby agrees to cluded under the circumstances in order to state operation which is incidental to a trip furnish such aid and assistance to each other protect or promote the interest of his State; of such bus involving interstate operation. within its statutory authority as will aid in except that in States having laws requiring "(e) Other agreementfl: Nothing in this the proper enforcement of this agreement. proration on the basis of a different deter­ agreement shall be construed to prohibit any "(h) Interpretation: In any dispute be­ mination of total fleet miles, total fleet miles of the contracting States from entering into tween or among contracting States arising shall be determined on such basis. separate agreements with each other for the under this agreement, the final decision re­ "(c) Leased vehicles: If a bus is operated granting of temporary permits for the intra­ garding interpretation of questions at issue by a person other than the owner as a part state operation of vehicles registered in the relating to this agreement shall be reached of a fleet which is subject to the provisions other State; nor to prevent any of the con­ by joint action of the contracting States, of this article, then the operator of such fleet tracting States from entering into agree­ acting through the administrator thereof, shall be deemed to be the owner of said bus ments to grant reciprocity for intrastate op­ and shall upon determination be placed in for the purposes of this article. eration within any zone or zones agreed upon writing. "(d) Extent of privileges: Upon the regis­ by the States. "(i) Effect of headings: Article and sec­ tration of a fleet in a contracting State pur­ tion headings contained herein shall not be suant to this article, each bus in the fleet "Article VI-Withdrawal or revocation deemed to govern, limit, modify, or in any may be operated in both interstate and intra­ "Any contracting State may withdraw from manner affect the scope, meaning, or intent state operations in such State (except as pro­ this agreement upon thirty days' written of the provisions of any article or part vided in article III ( e) ) . . notice to each other contracting State, which hereof. "(e) Application for proration: The ap­ notice shall be given only after the repeal of "(j) Entry into force: This agreement plication for proration of registration shall this agreement by the legislature of such shall enter into force and become binding be made in each contracting State upon sub­ State, if adoption was by legislative act, or between and among the contracting States stantially the application forms and supple­ after renunciation by the appropriate ad­ when enacted or otherwise entered into by ments authorized by joint action of the ministrative official of such contracting State any two States. Thereafter, it shall enter administrators of the contracting States. if the laws thereof empower him so to re­ into force and become binding with respect "(f) Issuance of identification: Upon reg­ nounce. to any State when enacted into law by such istration of a fleet, the State which is the "Article VII-Construction and severability ·state. If the statutes of any State so au­ base State of a particular bus of the fleet thorize or provide, such State may become "This compact shall be liberally construed shall issue the required license plates and so as to effectuate the purposes thereof. The party to this agreement upon the execution registration card for such bus and each con­ thereof by an executive or administrative provisions of this compact shall be severable tracting State in which the fleet of which and if any phase, clause, sentence, or pro­ official thereof acting on behalf of and for such bus is a part operates shall issue a spe­ such State. vision of this compact is declared to be con­ cial identification identifying such bus as a trary to the Constitution of any State or of "Article IV-Proration of registration part of a fleet which has fully complied with the United States or the applicability thereof " (a) Applicability: Any owner of a fleet the registration requirements of such State. to any government, agency, person, or cir­ may register the buses of said fleet in any The required license plates, registration cards, cumstance is held invalid, the validity of the contracting State by paying to said State and identification shall be appropriately dis­ remainder of this compact and the applicabil­ total registration fees in an amount equal played in the manner required by or pur­ ity thereof to any government, agency, per­ to that obtained by applying the proportion suant to the laws of each respective State. son, or circumstance shall not be affected of in-State fleet miles divided by the total "(g) Additions to fleet: If any bus is added thereby. If this compact shall be held con­ fleet miles, to the total fees which would to a prorated fleet after the filing of the trary to the constitution of any State par­ otherwise be required for regular registra­ original appUcation, the owner shall file a ticipating herein, the compact shall remain tion of each and all of such vehicles in such supplemental application. The owner shall in full force and effect as to the remaining registei- such bus in each contracting State contracting State. party States and in full force and effect as to "All fleet pro rata registration fees shall in like manner as provided for buses listed in an original application and the registra­ the State affected as to all severable matters." be based upon the mileage proportions of SEC. 202. The Board of Commissioners of' the. fleet during the period of twelve months tion fee payable shall be determined on the ending on August 31 next preceding the com­ mileage proportion used to determine the the District of Columbia shall have the power· mencement of the registration year for registration fees payable for buses registered to make such exemptions from the coverage which registration is sought: Except, that under the original application. of the agreement as may be appropriate and mileage proportions for a fleet not operated "(h) Withdrawals from fleet: If any bus to make such changes in methods for the re­ during such period in the State where ap- is withdrawn from a prorated fleet during porting of any information required to be: 6250 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 furnished to the District of Columbia pursu­ I emphasize that the right of Congress ties and services in each of the party States; ant to the agreement as, in its judgment, shall to alter, amend, or repeal this consent to and be suitable: Provided, That any such exemp­ (c) encourage the availab11lty of a max­ tions or changes shall not be contrary to the the compact continues to be reserved in both titles of the bill. I therefore move imum number of buses for intrastate serv­ purposes set forth in article I of the agree­ ice by removing motor fuel taxation as a ment and shall be m ade in order to permit adoption of the amendment. deterrent in the routing of interstate buses. the continuance of uniformity of practice The CHAIRMAN. The question is on among the contracting States with respect to the amendment offered by the gentleman Article II-Definitions buses. from Louisiana. (a) State: State shall include the States SEC. 203. The Board of Commissioners of The amendment was agreed to. of the United States, the District of Colum­ the District of Columbia shall enter into the The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule the bia, the territories of the United States, the agreement authorized by section 201 of this Provinces of Canada, and the States, terri­ title without further action on the part of Committee rises. tories, and Federal District of Mexico. the Congress, and issue such rules and regu­ Accordingly, the Committee rose; and (b) Contracting State: Contracting State lations as may be necessary for the imple­ the Speaker having resumed the chair, shall mean a State which ls a party to this mentation of such agreement. Notwith­ Mr. UDALL, Chairman of the Committee agreement. standing any provision of this Act, nothing of the Whole House on the State of the ( c) Administrator: Administrator shall herein shall be construed so as to affect the Union, reported that that Committee, mean the official or agency of a State admin­ authority vested in the Board of Commis­ having had under consideration the bill istering the motor fuel taxes involved. sioners of the District of Columbia by Reor­ CH.R. 824) granting the consent of Con­ (d) Person: Person shall include any in­ ganization Plan Numbered 5 of 1952 (66 Stat. dividual, firm, copartnership, joint venture, 824). The performance of any function gress to a compact relating to taxation association, corporation, estate, trust, busi­ vested by this Act in the Board of Commis­ of motor fuels consumed by interstate ness trust, receiver, syndicate, or any other sioners (other than the entry into a com­ buses and to an agreement relating to group or combination acting as a unit. pact authorized by this Act) or in any office bus taxation proration and reciprocity, ( e) Bus: Bus shall mean any motor ve­ or agency under the jurisdiction and control pursuant to House Resolution 306, he re­ hicle of a bus type engaged in the interstate of said Board of Commissioners ~ay be dele­ ported the bill back to the House with transportation of passengers and subject to gated by saiid Boaird of Oommissloners in ac­ sundry amendments adopted by the the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce cordance wit h section 3 of such plan. Committee of the Whole. Commission or any agency successor thereto, SEC. 204. All provisions of law applicable The SPEAKER. Under the rule, the or one or more State regulatory agencies con­ to the District of Columbia shall, to the extent cerned with the regulation of passenger they are inconsistent with the agreement au­ previous question is ordered. transport. thorized by this title, be inapplicable to the Is a separate vote demanded on any (f) Gallon: Gallon shall mean the liquid taxation and registration of buses in the Dis­ amendment? measure containing 231 cubic inches. trict of Columbia during such time as the If not, the Chair will put them en District ls a party to such agreement. gros. Article III---G-

Article VIII-Additional tax booster-type story," he $1.25. historians join Dr. Martin Luther King and said, but admitted with a grin that any poli­ "You begin to understand why labor was so the other marchers was impressive. Many tician is willing to talk about his record, even strong for me," he said. "I was the mouth­ more would have joined us had we had time if he has no more political plans. piece for most of the unions on the House to arrange transportation. He recounted his public life, from his yea.rs floor-particularly the UMW. If there was As teachers of American history, authors as a Clarksburg newspaper editor, city coun­ a speech to be made for labor in the House, and interpreters of the American past, we cilman, and school superintendent, to his I did it, and I picked others to join view the march as one of the great turning arrival in Charleston in 1933 as an assistant me * * *." points in American history. For too long, State auditor, his service as State budget di­ In his work for Federal aid to schools he Negro Americans have been deprived of their rector during World Wax II, his 8 terms in recalled several bills he had pushed to within voting rights. The purpose of American the U.S. House of Representatives, and fi­ a few votes of victory. society has always been to provide an equal nally his failing he.alth and 11ve major oper­ "This school bill the House passed just a chance for all. The right to vote is an essen­ ations that left him too weak to fight an few days ago is almost an exact replica of tial step toward equal opportunity in Ameri­ effective campaign against Republican Arch my bill in 1940," he said. can life. 6262 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 We historians were honored to be present THE KU KLUX KLAN OF ALABAMA In addition, the reliability and validity to demonstrate our support of the spirit of of such tests are still a matter of great President Lyndon B. Johnson's dramatic Mr. YATES. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ controversy within the fields of psychia­ speech to the Congress, calling for congres­ imous consent to address the House for try and psychology. But even if they sional action to guarantee every citizen's 1 minute and to revise and extend my were infallible, there would remain the right to vote. The 15th amendment must be remarks. question of whether or not the Govern­ implemented-it is 95 years since it was The SPEAKER PT'O temPore. Is there adopted. ment should be engaging in such an objection to the request of the gentleman activi1ty. In my opinion, these t;ests are I include here a partial list of the from Illinois? an insidious and illegal search of the American historians who participated in There was no objection. human mind. They smack of "1984" and the march in Montgomery: Mr. YATES. Mr. Speaker, the events should be halted by all Federal agencies Daniel Beaver, professor of American his­ of the weekend in Alabama have cast an­ immediately. Otherwise, I think the tory, University of Cincinnati. other pall on the orderly processes of jus­ Government may be involved in a gross Thom.as N. Bonner, chairman, Department tice. The Ku Klux Klan has reared its Violation of the fourth amendment to the of History, University of Cincinnati. ugly hood not only to defy the President Constitution, and perhaps the fifth Stuart Bruchey, professor of American his­ of the United States but to smear, as tory, Michigan State University. amendment as well as others, depending Donald Campbell, professor of American well, the name of a lady who was seek­ on the facts in each case. history, Dartmouth College. ing only to do justice and whose death A number of Federal agencies now John caughey, professor of American his­ tragically emphasized again the activity utilize such tests to supposedly help them tory, University of California, Los Angeles. of vigilantes in Alabama. According to in selecting personnel for various assign­ Robert B. Cross, chairman, Department of yesterday's newspapers, tl;le imperial wiz­ ments. They also are used in the job History, Columbia University. ard of that organization said that the applicant process. Thirdly, they have Herbert J. Daugherty, professor of Ameri­ Klan bureau of investigation was inves­ can history, University of Florida. become one of the principal means to David Denker, assistant to the president, tigating the lady from Detroit for Pos­ weed out persons who are allegedly unfit Rutgers University. sible Communist connections. for Government duty in specific jobs or Martin Duberman, professor of American Mr. Speaker, what is this Klan bureau generally. history, Princeton University. of investigation? Is it an organization That list includes the Labor Depart­ John Hope Franklin, professor of American that puts its finger on people and gives ment, the Defense Department, the history, University of Chicago. them the kiss of death? Joseph Gusfield, professor of sociology, Peace Corps, the Export-Import Bank, University of Illinois. The outrageous statements made by and the Health, Education, and Welfare Mark Haller, professor of American history, the Klan leader Saturday throwing down Department which has financed the use University of Chicago. the gauntlet to the President, hurling of intrusive personality tests on school Louis Harlan, professor of American his­ abuse at our President and our system youngsters for research purpases. tory, University of Cincinnati. of justice, clearly indicates that there are Mr. Speaker, I was very pleased to be Samuel P. Hays, chairman, Department of other elements in Alabama than the mil­ informed Friday that the Department of History, University of Pittsburgh. .lions of law abiding, decent, God-fearing Selden Henry, professor of American his­ State has ordered the immediate discon­ tory, University of Florida. Alabamians lauded by the gentleman tinuance of such tests. The Department John Higham, professor of American his­ from that State [Mr. ANDREWS]. should be commended for this action and tory, University of Michigan. I say now, Mr. Speaker, that the good it is my hope that other Federal agencies Richard Howstadter, DeWitt Clinton pro­ people of Alabama have a choice. They will follow their lead in this matter. Fol­ fessor of American history, Columbia Uni­ can now support the President of the versity. lowing is the text of a letter regarding J. Rogers Hollingsworth, professor of United States against the Klan. this decision: American history, University of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, I urge an investigation of DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY OF Harold Hyman, professor of American his­ the Klan by the Committee on the Judi­ STATE FOR ADMINISTRATION, tory, University of Illinois. ciary of the House as promptly as pos­ Washington, D.C., March 26, 1965. Walter Johnson, Preston and Sterling Mor­ sible. Hon. CORNELIUS E. GALLAGHER, ton professor of American history, University Hou se of R epresentatives. of Chicago. DEAR CONGRESSMAN GALLAGHER: There Mark M. Krug, professor of education, A REQUEST TO ALL FEDERAL AGEN­ have been numerous questions raised as to University of Chicago. CIES TO HALT THE USE OF PER­ whether our use of psychological testing in William Leuchtenberg, professor of Ameri­ our regular medical examinatfons was an can history, Columbia University. SONALITY TESTS AND PSYCHO­ appropriate test for a government agency to Elsie Lewis, professor of American history, LOGICAL QUESTIONNAIRES ON impose upon its personnel. We have used Howard University. GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES AND this type of testing whenever our medical Gene Lewis, professar of American history, JOB APPLICANTS division determined whether it might as­ University of Cincinnati. sist in the proper treatment for the in­ Shaw Livermore, Jr., professor of American Mr. GALLAGHER. Mr. Speaker, I ask dividuals. history, University of Michigan. unanimous consent to address the House We have now decided to discontinue this Arthur Mann, professor of American his­ for 1 minute, to revise and extend my re­ policy and will substitute instead a. require­ tory, Smith College. marks, and to include extraneous matter. ment that personnel seek their own psy­ August Meier, visiting professor of Ameri­ PT'O chiatric counsel whenever the medical ex­ can history, Roosevelt University. The SPEAKER temPore. Is there amination indicates psychiatric treatment is R. W. Patrick, professor of American his­ objection to the request of the gentleman necessary. We expect that this psychiatric tory, University of Florida. from New Jersey? care would be carried on in a personal re­ Bradford Perkins, professor of American There was no objection. lationship between the employee and doc­ history, University of Michigan. Mr. GALLAGHER. Mr. Speaker, for tor of his choice. In this way I think we James P. Shenton, professor of American several months, the House Committee can insure that the Department of State history, Columbia University. on Government Operations has been en­ does not violate the rights of individuals Roger Shugg, director of the University of while at the same time fulfills its responsi­ Chicago Press. gaged in an investigation of invasion of bilities to the individual employee by calling E. B. Smith, professor of American history, privacy matters involving the Federal attention to problems as well as protecting Iowa State University. Government. One of the matters cur­ the national interest. The individual em­ Kenneth Stampp, professor of American rently under inquiry is the use of per­ ployee will seek assistance from his own history, University of California at Berkeley. sonality tests and psychological ques­ doctor. Warren Susman, professor of American his­ tionnaires on Federal employees and job I would like to discuss this whole matter tory, Rutgers University. applicants. These tests and question­ with you as we move forward with our new Bennett H. Wall, professor of American naires have a good purpose--namely, to regulations. history, University of Kentucky. uncover persons with psychological prob­ I appreciate your help and assistance. Bernard W. Weisberger, chairman, Depart­ Sincerely, ment of History, University of Rochester. . lems--but they constitute a gross inva­ WILLIAM J. CROCKETT. Henry R. Winkler, editor, the American sion of privacy into the lives and Historical Review, Rutgers University. thoughts of our public workers. In fact, A similar letter also was sent to the C. Vann Woodward, professor of American I believe that tests actually violate their gentleman from Ohio [Mr. HAYS], the history, Yale University. civil rights. distinguished chairman of the House March 29, 1965 ''coNGRESSIONAL RECORD - 'HOUSE .6263 Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on State emotionally stable or intellectually sound. conviction, but when not tempered at the Department Organization and Foreign If a person finds security in strong re­ forge of reason this same zeal becomes Operations, who also has been greatly ligious beliefs, the tests appear to attack a detriment to the cool, clear attitude concerned about this matter. him as being psychologically unstable and of judicial impartiality so necessary when Mr. Speaker, so that Members of the -a potential national security risk. men do not yield to the whims of men­ House may become acquainted With the But beyond this there remains many but rather to the rules of law. nature of these tests, I am including With perplexing questions such as why a Jew­ The editorial follows: my remarks samples of the questions ish person or a non-Christian should be OUR "VISITING" CLERGY AND SELMA commonly asked of Federal employees on quizzed on their views of Christ. There We would hope that all the ministers re­ some of the written examinations. are equally untenable questions that ported enroute to Selma in response to a TRUE OR FALSE Christians are called upon to answer. plea from Rev. Martin Luther King and I feel sure there is only one true religion. These answers resting in a personnel file National Council of Churches would choose My father was a good man. place a person in jeopardy if someone to bring their Bibles, unbiased minds and My sex life is satisfactory. adverse to their beliefs is a reviewing certificates from their congregations indi­ During one period when I was a youngster omcer about to pass judgment on their cating that their members and communities -I engaged in petty thievery. are so sin-free that the pastors have ample career. time to come and cure Alabama's sins. I enjoy reading love stories. Another very uncertain question 1s the I go to church almost every week. We would hope, also, that they'd take time I have very few quarrels with members of jeopardy in which one is placed when to hold a few religious services in Selma-­ my family. this type of test remains part of a Fed­ services featuring the Bible instead of TV I believe in the second coming of Christ. eral employee's file. Since most of these lights and aimed at the incilvidual worship­ I believe women ought to have as much questions are two-edged swords, what pers inside the church rather than the tele­ sexual freedom as men. happens if a Federal employee should visiOn audience outside even though the I believe in a life hereafter. publicity and the dollars will be considerably at some future date seek public office and less and fewer. My mother was a good woman. his answers somehow become public I am worried about sex matters. But, we realize, this is too much to hope Christ performed miracles. knowledge? We have had too many cases for. They'll come-just as did the others in I am against giving money to beggars. where supposedly confidential files are other fields earlier in Reverend King's Selma Children should be taught all the main passed from one agency to another for campaign when the script called for 'em. facts of sex. this not to happen. One can have no real They'll do just what the orders of the day There is very little love and companion­ assurance that his written answers to call for as far as demonstrating, praying, and ship in my family as compared to other such intimate questions will not come interviewing is concerned; they'll see and homes. back to haunt him in the future. There hear just what the campaign leaders want I loved my mother. them to see and hear; and then they'll go I pray several times a week. is no guarantee that these files will not back home at the proper time convinced I gossip a little at times. fall into the wrong hands 5, 10, or 20 they are now experts on Alabama's sins and I have been disappointed in love. years from now. feeling amply justified in their trip to such I dream frequently about things that are One of the results of the American a sinful place and people. best kept to myself. Revolution was the Bill of Rights. This Alabama and Selma, of course, are not sin­ I believe there is a God. erected a constitutional wall to protect free like all the communities from which Once in a while I laugh at a dirty joke. our visiting ministers come. There are some the rights and privacy of the individual things that Alabama and Selma ministers I wish I were not bothered about thoughts to keep his thoughts and beliefs locked about sex. deplore about the racial situation in our There is something wrong with my sex in his secret mind and heart. State, too, and speak out to correct--but organs. There can be no justification for the most of them see motes in the eyes of mem­ continuing assaults on this wall, nor can bers of both sides of the controversy and This particular test contains 566 such there be a justification for an indirect not just one side as do the visiting ministers questions. The test not only examines penetration of this wall under the guise from faraway places. into a person's intimate views on sex life, of personality testing or scientific And most lay Alabamians deplore the vio­ but also on private family and religious lence and racial unrest, too. But most of research. them occupy the roles of heretics in Reverend matters. King's scripts and performances because they In addition, Government employees, also deplore the actions of King and his both married and unmarried, have been OUR VISITING CLERGY AND SELMA cohorts which contribute to and often cause asked to give written answers to such Mr. GEORGE W. ANDREWS. Mr. the violence and racial animosity which King questions as whether they are troubled Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to must have to maintain his public image as by such things, according to the ques­ address the House for 1 minute, to revise well as his appeal for raising funds. tionnaire, as: Whether we agree with Governor Wallace's and extend my remarks, and to include decision to ban the proposed march from Deciding whether I'm really in love. several editorials. Selma to Montgomery or not, we do agree In love with someone of a different religion. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there that he had the right and the responsibility Disappointed in a love affair. objection to the request of the gentleman to make a decision in the matter as head Too deeply involved in a love affair. of this sovereign State. Petting and necking. from Alabama? There was no objection. And no matter what his decision was, the Wondering how far to go with the opposite leaders of the march as well as everyone sex. Mr. GEORGE W. ANDREWS. Mr. else in Alabama should have obeyed those Being too inhibited in sex matters. Speaker, the following editorial appeared orders until such a time as they were either Lacking in sex appeal. in the March 10 issue of the Opelika rescinded or knocked down by a court of Afraid of being found out. Daily News, Opelika, Ala. I am pleased authority. Bothered by sexual thoughts or dreams. to bring it to the attention of my col­ That the marchers deliberately chose to Worried about the effects of masturbation. leagues under leave to extend my re­ defy the legal order of the State and refused Federal workers also have been asked marks. No one I have heard has taken to obey the commands of the representatives to complete a number of statements in issue with the "good samaritan" inten­ of the State charged with upholding the law and maintaining the peace has been politely which just the first few words were tions of the visiting clergy in Selma, Ala., pushed aside and completely forgotten by given. Examples of these are: recently; nor has their faith in divine some--especially those who now loudly cry I feel ashamed when guidance been questioned. What is of "police brutality" and "storm trooper God is---. great concern to many moderate Ala­ tactics." I secretly ---. bamians is, have we lost our deep abid­ And, we might add, forgotten and ignored My childhood---. ing faith in the ability of the American also by those who have ears only for such Love---. court system to enact our duly legislated loud criers-and the list contains many ec­ I am ashamed---. laws? clesiastical and governmental names we are I love---. Before the staged confrontation in sorry to say. These questions certainly transgress Selma, the city and Dallas County, of Mr. Speaker, the editorial that follows upon one's right to hold private and per­ which it is a part, were complying with is the opinion of many, many people who sonal one's own religious beliefs. There the court orders on registration-and at witnessed the so-called March on seems to be a recurring pattern that one a. rate that was satisfying to the court. Montgomery. Although many of the cannot hold deep religious beliefs and be Religious fervor is good for the sake of eyewitnesses were in sympathy with the 6264 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 purpose of the affair and went to Mont­ The SPEAKER pro temPore. Is there curity risk because of her morals; that gomery to participate themselves, they objection to the request of the gentleman there was no indication she had any in.;. soon saw events for what they were. The from Arkansas? telligence connections. This should have well-written story below by Editor Bonnie There was no objection. been determined by the proper authori­ Hand, of the LaFayette, Ala., Sun, Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, Amer­ ties in this country, including the so­ deserves wide attention and should be a ica has its orders. Every person through­ called investigating committee. matter of great concern to all thinking out the land should take heed. On last The latest revelation is but another of Americans who still hold a code of per­ evening Dr. Martin Luther King ad­ the many reasons why the alleged probe sonal morality dear: dressed the Nation on TV. He laid down of the Bobby Baker activities is a mock­ the King "decree" as follows: That all ery in the name of an investigation. THAT "MORAL" CROWD The Washington Star article follows: The Alabama Legislature Tuesday passed business firms cease dealings with Ala­ a resolution critical of the conduct of the bama industry, that all trade unions BAKER CASE PARTY GmL ADMITS BEING Ex-RED "so-called preachers" in the Selma rabble­ cease transporting or using Alabama (By Paul Hope) rousers club. The resolution was introduced goods, that all Alabama people refuse to Ellen Rometsch, the German party girl by Representative Gus Young, of Randolph pay State taxes and give promissory mentioned prominently in the Bobby Baker County, himself a minister. The resolution notes instead, and that Secretary of the case, has admitted being a member of Com­ charged that some of the ministers had been Treasury Dillon withdraw all Federal munist organizations in East Germany. seen drinking strong drink promiscuously funds on deposit in Alabama banking The star has learned that Mrs. Rometsch, and heard using profanity. It also claimed whose connections with the Baker case the that the demonstrators had been sexually institutions. Senate Rules Committee refused to look into, promiscuous during their stay in Alabama. There are two unresolved issues in told investigators that prior to 1955 she was One northern preacher who had been which clarification should be made. I a member of a Communist youth organiza­ sincere in his trip to Alabama went back implore Dr. King to please permit the tion and a Communist adult group. home to Ohio and scalded the farce at Selma schoolchildren of Alabama to participate Mrs. Rometsch denied having any Commu­ and Montgomery as a bunch of beatniks in the school lunch program by the utili­ nist sympathies, however, and said she joined looking for trouble. "They wanted dead zation of surplus food commodities, and the two organizations to keep her job in bodies-our bodies," he told the wire services. East Germany. The nature of her work there That old war horse, Harry Truman, who by all means I do trust that Dr. Martin was not disclosed. She went to West Ger­ never hesitates to let them know how he Luther King will exempt from his decree, many in 1955. feels, said that the Selma march was down­ and permit the Nation the use of the fa­ Mrs. Rometsch, who came to the United right silly. "They aren't accomplishing a cilities, and products thereof, of the States in April 1961 with her husband, a damned thing, and all they want is pub­ George C. Marshall Space Flight Center German Army sergeant, denied having oper­ licity," he allowed. ated as an intelligence agent for any country. All this hollering about morality is enough at Huntsville, Ala. to evoke a horselaugh. Take Marlon Mr. GEORGE W. ANDREWS. Mr. SPYING ROLE DISPUTED Brando, the movie mogul. His star must Speaker, will the gentleman yield? A West German security agency, which be fading because he came to Gadsden last Mr. GATHINGS. I yield to the gentle­ made a check after her alleged sex activities year to lend his assistance. "A moral issue" man from Alabama. in the Washington area became known, said he growled. Well, how moral is that man? Mr. GEORGE W. ANDREWS. Mr. there was no indication that she had any Recently he admitted he married two of his Speaker, I hope the gentleman will re­ intelligence connections. The agency said wives because they were pregnant and ad­ she was considered a security risk because of mitted to the press he entertained many member and that the Members of this her moral weakness. women in his home. Then this louse has House will remember that last December Her husband, Rolf Rometsch, who was at­ the gall to come to our State to help push Mr. J. Edgar Hoover, one of the greatest tached to the German Embassy in Washing­ what he calls a "moral" issue. Gary Merrill, Americans of all time, said that this Mar­ ton, was ordered back to Germany in August another often-married movie star, had to tin Luther King was the most notorious 1963 because of his wife's activities. They come down to get his share of the publicity. liar in this country, and Mr. Hoover un­ were divorced later. His morality would probably lend a lot to til this day has not retracted that state­ Mrs. Rometsch has said she wanted to come any cause. Then there is a member of the back to the United States to marry a staff Kingston Trio who also wanted to get in on ment. member of an important congressional com­ the publicity. Not the least is the rabble­ mittee. The committee staffer, who has said rousing leftwing National Council of THE BOBBY BAKER INVESTIGATION he had no connection with Baker, admitted Churches, which has long been more inter­ dating Mrs. Rometsch when she was in this ested in getting Red China in the United Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask country, but said he thought she was single. Nations and stirring up trouble than in unanimous consent to address the House Republicans on the Senate Rules Commit­ carrying the Gospel to their congregations. for 1 minute, to revise and extend my tee have tried to get the committee to go No wonder the legitimate church organiza­ remarks, ·and to include a newspaper into the so-called party girl issue of the tions are rushing to let it be known they Baker case, but the Democratic majority has aren't affiliated with that crowd. Most of article. steadfastly refused. the so-called ministers in Selma today are The SPEAKER pro temPore. Is there Last December, the Justice Department from that pink group. objection to the request of the gentleman showed some members and staff personnel of The filthy, vulgar people who sprawl in from Iowa? the Rules Committee an FBI file on Mrs. the way of honest, law-abiding people call There was no objection. Rometsch. The committee incorporated a themselves moral. The only demonstrators Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, according summary of the file in its minutes, but the we hope keep doing what they were doing to the Sunday Washington Star, Ellen Democrats voted against going any further is the beatnik crowd that sprawled around into the matter. This portion of the com­ President Johnson's house and kept his Rometsch, the German call girl who was mittee's proceedings has not been made pub­ daughters from getting a good night's sleep. deeply involved in the Bobby Baker scan­ lic and ls not expected to be. There was a time when southerners would dals, now admits being a member of Com­ The Star has learned that a number of be appalled at that insult to the President munist organizations in East Germany women were mentioned in the file, at least of the United States and the White House, before she came to this country. four of Whom were actively engaged in play­ but now some sarcastically protest the "bru­ Many months ago, as the CONGRES­ for-pay activity. tality" used to remove them. Yes, it's bru­ SIONAL RECORD will show, I raised the One woman, who described herself as the tality when we remove them in the South. ringleader of the group, said the clients in­ It's enforcing the law when they are pitched question of her associations in East Ger­ cluded Congressmen, public relations men, a out of the White House. many and pointed to the fact that she dozen Senators, a couple of judges, and some No wonder respect for law and order and was spirited out of Washington virtually members of the executive branch of Gov­ the National Government is at an all-time in the dead of night apparently to pre­ ernment. She refused to name them. low. Democrat and Republican-the rush to vent her from being questioned or in­ This woman, who said she never received get in on the publicity and rabble-rousing terviewed. money for arranging engagements for the is almost crushing, and certainly disgusting. The grave question is why the white­ women, named four who, she said, filled wash investigating committee or other "dates" at the apartment of a man who has omcials in Washington did not stay her :figured prominently in the Baker case. The DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING man has been questioned extensively by the deportation until she could be questioned committee about other matters but not about Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask about her activities in East Germany as girls. unanimous consent ·to address the House well as in Washington. A $50-A-NIGHT INCOME for 1 minute and to revise and extend my It is not enough for West German of­ The woman said the women in the group remarks. ficials to say she was considered a se- didn't limit themselves to arranged dates, March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6265 but also worked on their own and never The SPEAKER PTO tempore. Is there have received from the Department of earned less than $50 a night. objection to the request of the gentleman Health, Education, and Welfare: Another of the women said she attended a social function at the Southwest Washing­ from New York? DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, ton townhouse Baker bought and which was There was no objection. EDUCATION, AND WELFARE, occupied by his secretary and another Capitol Mr. FARBSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, this March 26, 1965. Hill secretary. weekend several residents from my dis­ Hon. OREN HARRIS, The same woman said she made a trip to Chairman, Committee on Interstate and For­ trict will be going to Starkville, Miss., to eign Commerce, House of Representa­ Germany in 1963 for which free transporta­ distribute food and clothing to the un­ tion was provided by a man whose name has tives, Washington, D.C. been mentioned in the Baker case testimony derprivileged of that area. I have in­ DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: Enclosed is a draft in connection with a;t least two business deals formed you in the past of this laudable of a bill "To extend and expand title III of but who has never been called to testify. project and I come to you now to express the Mental Retardation Facilities and Com­ She also said she met two Congressmen at my concern over the safety of these citi­ munity Mental Health Centers Construction the apartment where she and the others zens. The following is a statement I Act of 1963, to authorize establishment of a filled dates. special gran-t-in-aid account for the Depart­ have sent to the Justice Department re­ ment of Health, Education, and Welfare, and As the person to be notified in case of questing the fullest possible protection her death, she listed in one document a mem­ for other purposes.'' ber of a prominent Washington law firm. for these people: This bill carries out the recommendations The lawyer said he met the woman at a social MY DEAR MR. ATTORNEY GENERAL: This of the President. function and thought she was a "lady" until coming Friday and Saturday several citizens I should appreciate it if you would intro­ the Baker case broke. from my district will be in the Negro com­ duce the bill and have it considered at the munity of Starkville, Miss., to distribute earliest time convenienit to your committee. SEX RELATIONS REVEALED funds, food, and clothing that have been Sincerely, Another of the women said she had sex raised through an inspiring program con­ WILBUR J. COHEN, relations with a Governor and with a man ducted by a number Of Democratic clubs Assistant Secretary. who, she said, worked for the District of Co­ from my district. lumbia government. I am informing you of this ma tte·r to ask The man whose apartment was referred to that these citizens be given the fullest pos­ PROF. CHARLESK. ORSBORN by the women told investigators he was a sible protection. My concern over their good friend of a Senator, whom he mentioned Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I ask safety springs not only from a knowledge unanimous consent to extend my remarks by name. He also listed as friends a House that the violence that has ripped through Member from New York, another from Massa­ Selma, A1a., during these past few weeks at this point in ·the RECORD and include chusetts, and a high-ranking military man could erupt anywhere in this race-torn South, extraneous matter. with political connections. but from the deplorable incident of las.t Jan­ The SPEAKER PTO tempore. Is there Mrs. Rometsch was involved in what was uary when it became necessary for me to objection to the request of the gentleman described as a messy divorce case in Germany. enlist your aid for the protection of Mr. Ron from Illinois? She was first married to a West German army Bridgeforth, one of my constituents engaged officer who said he lived with her 2 months There was no obj ootion. in preliminary investigations connected with Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, the 1964- until he found she was running around with this project. Mr. Bridgeforth and a Mr. Ron­ another man. After they were divorced, the ald Carver were arrested on the trumped-up 65 collegiate basketball year came to a officer was killed in an auto accident. charge of stealing their own automobile and close last Saturday with the All-Star She married Sergeant Rometsch in 1958. Mr. Carver was subsequently beaten very game at Lexington, Ky., and with it the PARTYING WITH BAKER ALLEGED severely. It was only through your inter­ season brought an end to the outstand­ Mrs. Rometsch claimed that while she was vention that a similar fate did not befall my ing coaching career of Charles K. "Oz­ in the Washington area, she had no sexual constituent. · zie" Orsborn, of Bradley University, contacts with diplomats, Congressmen, Sen­ The present project representatives will Peoria, Ill., which not only is located in ators, or Cabinet officers. arrive at the Holiday Inn in Columbus, Miss., my congressional district, but is also my The self-styled ringleader said she and on Friday night, March 26. They will be in Starkville at 8 a.m. on Saturday morning. alma mater. The Bradley Braves fin­ three other women mentioned were person­ ished their 1964-65 season with an 18-9 ally acquainted with Baker, former secretary The food and clothing is being shipped via to the Senate Democratic majority. But she Mason-Dixon Line trucks and will be in the mark and wrapped up Coach Orsborn's said that Baker never asked her to provide lot of the Griffin Methodist Church on Satur­ 9-year tenure with a mark of 195-56. any services for his acquaintances. day morning also. Professor Orsborn has retired to step It has been brought out in Rules Commit­ These citizens offer a stirring example of up to athletic director, effective next tee testimony that a Baker acquaintance, a the kind of unity of Negro and white that September 1, and he has been replaced Puerto Rican businessman named Paul can bring a greater fulfillment for all mem­ by his assistant and freshman coach, Joe Aguirre, told a committee investigator he bers of our socie.ty, and it is the responsibil­ stowell. "Ozzie" will take over the spent several days partying in New Orleans ity of our Government to see that, in the duties vacated by John I. "Dutch" in May 1963 with Baker, Mrs. Rometsch and course Of their work, they are not subjected Baker's secretary, Carole Tyler. to the forces of hate and violence. Meinen, who after 41 years, has achieved This was in an interview prior to Aguirre's the highest degree of respect and rec­ appearance before the Rules Committee. ognition in his field. I am happy to add Aguirre invoked the fifth amendment against DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCA­ that "Dutch" will remain a Republican self-incrimination and refused to testify TION, AND WELFARE precinct committeeman in Peoria when called at a public session. Aguirre told County. the investigator, according to a memorandum Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, I ask Professor Orsborn began the pursuit read into the record, that Baker brought Mrs. unanimous consent to address the House of his interest in athletics at Deerfield­ Rometsch and Miss Tyler with him from for 1 minute, to revise and extend my re­ Washington to New Orleans. marks, and to include extraneous matter. Shields---Highland Park-High School, One German girl who stayed with Mr. and Illinois, back in 1931. By the time he The SPEAKER pm tempore. Is there graduated in 1935 he had earned varsity Mrs. Rometsch for a short time at their objection to the request of the gentleman Arlington, Va., home, said Baker called the letters in four major sports. He con­ Rometsch house twice while she was there. from Arkansas? tinued his success at Bradley and became She also said Mrs. Rometsch said she knew There was no objection. a starter on the "Famous Five." The someone who could get her a good job. She Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, at the Braves played the first game of the first said she went with Mrs. Rometsch to the of­ request of the administration, I am in­ National Invitational Tourney, the oldest fice of a friend of Baker where she met Baker troducing today, for appropriate refer­ of all postseason tournaments. One and another man who has been mentioned ence a bill to extend and expand title year later, in 1939, "Ozzie" led the Braves often in the Baker case. She said nothing III ~f the Mental Retardation Facilities came of the interview and she got a job on to a third-place finish in the NIT which her own. and Community Mental Health Centers was considered un upset to say the least. Construction Act of 1963, to authorize Even though Bradley was a very small establishment of a special grant-in-aid school, when considering the enrollment OPERATION STARKVILLE PROJECT account for the Department of Health, of many of the powerhouses in that tour­ Mr. FARBSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Education, and Welfare, and for other nament, the Braves established them­ unanimous consent to address the House purposes. . selves a lasting. reputation and affec­ for 1 minute, to revise and extend my I am enclosing as a part of my re­ tion among the coaches and fans remarks, and to include a statement. marks the letter of transmittal which I throughout the Nation. 6266 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 Mr. Speaker, Professor Orsborn en­ Bradley University's staff and nationally TEMPE, ARlz., tered the service in World War II and has known coach of the varsity basketball team. March 27, 1965. In assuming his new duties, Professor Ors­ CHUCK ORSBORN, since retired from the Air Force Reserve born has elected to retire from active coach­ Care of ROBERT H. MICHEL, as a lieutenant colonel. In 1947, he ing and wlll hand over those responsibilities House Office Building, joined the staff at Bradley as freshman to the university's freshman basketball Washington, D.C.: basketball coach and became the head coach, Prof. Joseph Stowell. Congratulations upon your retirement to mentor in 1955. "Ozzie's" record in­ In retiring from active coaching, Professor the greener pastures of administration. cludes seven trips to the NIT with three Orsborn leaves behind him an enviable rec­ Best wishes always to a great coach and a Championships and one second-place fin­ ord of 196 wins and 56 losses over a 9- fine friend. I am sure Bradley fans will year period. He also coached three of his always remember the records both in season ish Professor Orsborn's basketball pro­ varsity teams to National Invitation Tourna­ and postseason that you were responsible for. gr~m has been the most succ~ssful in the ment championships. NED WULK, history of the school. In mne seasons, Sincerely, Head Basketball Coach, Arizona State his teams have once finished in first place T. w. VAN ARSDALE, Jr. University. in the rugged Missouri Valley Confer­ President. ence; six times second in the ~~; and CHICAGO, ILL., never finished below third. W1thm the KANSAS CITY, Mo., March 26, 1965. March 12, 1965. CHUCK ORSBORN, MVC, "Ozzie" won 86 and lost only 32. CHARLES K. ORSBORN, Care of ROBERT H. MICHEL, He has been the successful coach of the Care of Hon. ROBERT H. MICHEL, House Office Building, East All-Star squad and previously was House Office Building, Washington, D.C.: twice named "Coach of the Year" in per­ Washington, D.C.: Very sorry to see you leaving the coaching haps the Nation's most outstanding The NCAA and I personally extend our profession. Loyola University, Arthur Morse, basketball conference. He was also a congratulations and compliments upon your and myself wish you the best of luck. three-time clinic speaker overseas for outstanding achievements in intercollegiate GEORGE M. IRELAND, basketball. May the same success be yours Loyola University. the Department of the Army. in administering the athletics program at To this father of three children, and Bradley University. TOLEDO, OHIO, his wife Janet, I extend my heartiest ARTHUR J. BERGSTROM. March 26, 1965. congratulations and best wishes for the ROBERT H. MICHEL, future. And, as "Ozzie" would so ~e­ KANSAS CITY, Mo., House Office Building, sire, Mr. Speaker, I take this opportumty March 11, 1965. Washington, D.C.: to congratulate this year's tournament Coach CHARLES ORSBORN, Congratulations, Chuck Orsborn, on your champions; UCLA in the NC~ and St. Care of ROBERT H. MICHEL, wonderful career as a basketball coach. A House Office Building, tough and respected opponent. Best of luck John's in the NIT. Although this season Washington, D.C.: for the future. has come to a close and Professor Orsborn I regret your retirement from active coach­ EDDIE MELVIN. has left the coaching scene, "Ozzie" has ing but offer my sincere congratulations on left behind many fond memories for his your promotion to the directorship at Brad­ TucsoN, ARIZ., fans and recollections of hair-raising ley University. Many of your problems have March 26, 1965. moments for his opponents. not been solved but on August 31 you wlll Mr. CHUCK ORSBORN, As Dr. A.G. "Frenchy" Haussler, vice acquire new ones. Best of luck to a straight Care of RoBERT H. MICHEL, forward guy. House Office Building, president of Bradley, member of the U.S. NORVALL NEVE, Washington, D.C.: Olympic Committee, and a great athlete Commissioner, Missouri Valley Confer­ Congratulations on the excellent basketball in his day, put it, "Ozzie was a great ence. you have given Bradley through the years competitor as an athlete and at the helm and for your contributions to the coaching of his teams; and although his opponents LEXINGTON, KY., profession. in the coaching ranks will now breathe a March 25, 1965. BRUCE A. LARSON, sigh of relief as he steps up, he was able CHUCK ORSBORN, Basketball Coach, University of Arizona. to command that rare respect and ad­ Care of ROBERT H. MICHEL, miration - from his adversaries to the House Office Building, LExlNGTON, KY., Washington, D.C.: March 26, 1965. point where Coach Orsborn's presence Congratulations to you on the many fine CHUCK ORSBORN, will be missed by all his colleagues of the years that you had as basketball coach at Care of Representative ROBERT H. MICHEL, hardwood." Bradley University, and to your appointment House Office Building, Mr. Speaker, the many communica­ as athletic director to that fine institution. Washington, D.C.: tions I received in Professor Orsborn's I have known you for a great many years. Congratulations for a great coaching career. behalf support Dr. Haussler's statement I enjoyed my trip with you through Europe All of us who have been closely associated completely. As I rise in tribute today to and will never forget the many fine memo­ with you during your years as a head coach this fine gentleman, educator, and ries of our trip to the Orient. May you and will miss you not only as a coach but as a your charming wife have many more happy gentleman and a friend. We are proud that molder of young men, I wish to call at­ days at Bradley. a great basketball man has been promoted to tention to the remarks of those who ADOLPH F. RUPP, athletic director and we know that you wlll worked with and sometimes against University of Kentucky. give great leadership to your program. The Coach Orsborn. Under unanimous con­ very best of everything to you and yours in sent, beginning with the letter from the MARQUETTE, MICH., the future. president of Bradley University, Dr. Tal­ March 26, 1965. DoGGIE JULIAN. man Van Arsdale, I include their com­ Representative RoBERT MICHEL, ments for the RECORD: House Office Building, NORMAN, OKLA., Washington, D.C.: March 25, 1965. BRADLEY UNIVERSITY, It was a privilege to play for Ozzie as a ROBERT H. MICHEL, Peoria, Ill., March 22~ 1965. freshman basketball player as he taught me House Office Building, Congressman ROBERT H. MICHEL, the value of heart, hard work, honor and hu­ Washington, D.C.: House of Representatives, mility. It was an honor and pleasure for me Congratulations to Chuck Orsborn on this Washington, D.C. as a college coach to trulitch wits with OZzie special occasion to a fine gentleman and out­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN MICHEL: I think you for four games when Northern Michigan Uni­ standing coach and a man that has made a may have heard that Prof. John I. Meinen, versity played in Peoria, however my wit great contribution to this game of basket­ Bradley University's esteemed Director of couldn't beat his forces but we did have one ball. Chuck was always interested in young Intercollegiate Athletics and Head of the De­ accomplishment, we finally shot a 1 and 1 men and was good for the young men that partment of Physical Education, has chosen this season. Ozzie mellowed in his final year. he handled. We need outstanding men in to retire after 41 years of distinguished Congratulations and best wishes for your our profession like Chuck Orsborn and I teaching and service to the university. In­ continued success in your new role as athletic hate to see him leave the basketball coach­ tercollegiate athletics, PI'?:fessor _ physical director of Bradley University. P.S. When are ing profession. He is very deserving of the education, and Bradley University will miss the Braves ooming to NMU. many honors that he has received and I him much. Cordially, know will continue to do an outstanding job Promoted to both of Mr. Meinen's responsi­ STAN ALBECK, as athletic director at Bradley University. bilities is Profes8or Charles K : Orsborn of Basketbaii Coach, NMU. Chuck has been a personal friend of mine for· March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6267 many years and I would like to extend my DETROIT, MICH., minute and to revise and extend my congratulations on this special occasion and March 25, 1965. remarks. wish him continued success in life in the CHUCK ORSBORN, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there field of athletics. Care ROBERT H. MICHEL, objection to the request of the gentleman BoB STEVENS, House Office Buil

Fiscal year Correspond- Fiscal year Correspond- 1965 ing period, Comparison 1965 ing period, Comparison to date fiscal year to date fiscal year 1964 1964

EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESI- DEJNT--Continued Compensation of the President______$100, 000 $100, 000 The White House Office ______1,894, 259 1,830,318 -----+$63~94i Office of Science and Technology ______$609,349 $510, 774 -$98,275 Special projects __ ------737, 687 860, 061 -122,374 Special representative for trade negotia- Executive Mansion and Grounds ______Bureau of the Budget______474, 540 460,074 +14,466 tions. ------341, 985 239,642 -102,343 4, 327, 078 4, 209, 468 +117,610 Other.------______-162, 571 -272, 597 -110,026 Council of Economic Advisers ______415, 790 392, 179 +23,611 National Aeronautics and Space Council •• 287,608 290,638 -3,030 Subtotal. __ ------15, 123, 809 13,829,301 +1,294,508 National Security Council ______422,848 354,343 +68,505 Office of Economic Opportunity: Office of Emergency Planning: Economic opportunity program ______25,498,030 ------+25, 498, 030 Emergency preparedness functions of Public enterprise funds (net) ______1,599, 142 ------+l,599,142 Federal agencies ______2, 193,803 1, 134, 693 +1,059,110 Other_------3,481,426 3, 719, 705 -238,279 Total,ident Executive ______Office of the Pres-_ 42, 220, 981 13,829,301 +28. 391. 680

Summary of the Treasury Department monthly statement of receipts and expenditures of the U.S. Government for the period from July 1, 1964, through Feb. 28, 1965-Administrative budget [In thousands of dollars]

Fiscal year Correspond- Fiscal year Correspond- 1965 ing period, Comparison 1965 ing period, Comparison to date fiscal year to date fiscal year 1964 1964

Net administrative budget receipts_----- 52, 662. 927 54, 165_. 629 -1, 502, 702 EXPEINDITURES-con. EXPENDITURES Department of the Interior ______840,479 803,397 +37,082 Less: Legislative ______99, 738 104, 471 -4, 733 Bureau of Reclamation ______226, 962 234, 915 -7,953 The judiciary __ ------46, 402 42, 118 +4, 283 Bonneville, Southeastern, and Executive Office of the President______42,221 13,829 +28,392 Southwestern Power Adminis­ Funds appropriated to the President: trations __ ------43,308 36,035 +7,273 Disa8ter relief. ______17, 952 12, 849 +s.103 Emergency fund._------­ 736 279 +457 Department of Interior in Expansion of defense production appropriation bilJ ______570,209 532,447 +37, 762 Department of Justice ______219, 947 (net)_------17, 532 79,41\3 -96, 984 Labor Department______240, 912 +20,965 Expensesment. ______of mana~ement improve- _ 300, 581 242,441 +58,140 229 114 +us Post Office Department net postal fund .. 512, 591 365, 270 +147,321 Peace Corps ___ ------50, 683 36, 460 +14, 224 State Department ______------__ 312, 564 302,364 +10,199 Subscription to International Devel- Treasury Department______8,385,872 7,867, 728 +518,144 opment Association ______61. 656 61, 656 Interest on the public debt ______(7, 492, 267) (7, 024, 352) <+467, 915) Public works acceleration ______261, 813 215, 007 +46,806 Atomic Energy Commission ______1, 792, 279 1.845,429 -53, 150 Transitional grants to Alaska______339 2, 708 -2.369 537,819 510, 716 +21, 103 Other ______------484 379 +105 i~~~~~l ~:i:t~~~ f~gsiiaffon======409,240 398,413 +10,826 Mutual defense and development: Housing and Home Finance Agency ___ __ 194,661 332, 972 -138,311 Military assistance_------­ 462, 305 730, 764 -268,460 Nationalistration Aeronautics ______and Space Admin- _ Economic assistance_------1, 322, 403 1, 330, 065 -7,662 3, 163,327 2, 528,482 +634,845 Veterans' Administration.------­ 3, 656,687 3,666, 589 -9,902 Total, mutual defense and de­ Other independent agencies.------332,874 421, 766 -88,893 velopment _------1, 784, 708 2, 060, 825 -276, 117 1======1======1======1======1======1======Agencies spending $3,000,000 or more: Total, funds appropriated to Civil Aeronautics Board ______61, 215 62, 150 -935 the President._------2, 161, 067 2,469, 729 -308, 661 Civil Service Commission ______106, 671 102,801 +3,870 Agriculture Department______5, 671, 719 6, 204, 621 -532, 901 Export-Import Bank (net) ______-528, 545 -287, 193 -241, 352 Foreign assistance and CCC ______(3, 679, 214) (4, 287, 022) (-607, 808) Farm Credit Administration ______-13,577 -11, 295 -2,283 Forest Service __ ------(259, 232) (237, 579) <+21, 654) Federal Communications Commis- Commerce Department ______519, 685 473, 917 +45, 769 sion ______11, 076 11, 294 -218 Department of Defense __ ------­ 30, 568, 609 32, 956, 019 -2, 387, 410 Federal Home Loan Bank Board DepartmentWelfare ______of Health, Education, and _ (net) ___ -_------60,573 -14, 249 -46,324 3, 803, 219 3, 592, 538 +210,682 Federal Mediation and Conciliation Office of Education______(434, 158) (399, 719) <+34,439) Service ______------4,098 3, 706 -391 Welfare Administration (includes Federal Power Commission ______8,485 8,330 -155 grants for public assistance) ______(2, 276, 464) (2, 097, 421) (+179, 042) Federal Trade Commission.------9,143 8,286 -857 March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6271 Summary of the Treasury Department monthly statement of receipts and expenditures of the U.S. Government for the period from July 1, 1964, through Feb. 28, 1965-Administrative budget-Continued [In thousan1fa of dollars] ' Fiscal year Correspond- Fiscal year Correspond- 1965 ing period, Comparison 1965 ing period, Comparison to date fiscal year to date fiscal year 1964 1964

•, . EXPENDITURES-con. EXPENDITURES-con. Agencies spending $3,000 ,000 or more-Con. Agencies spending $3,000,000 or more-Con. Foreign Claims Settlement Com.mis- Tennessee Valley Authority (net) ____ 37, 154 35,434 +1, 720 sion. ______------33, 014 3, 195 +29,819 U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament General Accounting Office ______29, 621 30, 004 -383 Agency_------5, 314 4, 019 +1, 294 Interstate Co=erce Commission. __ 17, 200 15, 787 +1,413 U.S. Information Agency_------99, 661 96,485 +3, 111 National Labor Relations Board ___ __ 17, 140 14, 932 +2,208 District of Columbia ______43, 736 45, 708 +1, 972 National Science Foundation ______204, 712 193, 500 +11,212 Interfund transactions __ ------722, 187 -563, 355 -158,832 Railroad Retirement Board, military service credit______------.----__ 13, 834 +13,834 Net administrative budget ex- Securities and Exchange Commission. 9,878 ------·9;391· +487 penditures __ • ------62, 914, 095 64,845, 110 -1, 931, 015 Selective Service System ______27, 769 25, 334 +2,436 Small Business Administration ______207, 095 84, 112 +122, 983 Deficit. ______------______-10, 251, 169 -10, 679, 481 -428,313 Smithsonian Institution ______18, 111 13, 422 +4, 689

Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, will the about 70 percent from $6.8 billion in 19·56 remainder of this fiscal year. Most of gentleman yield? to $11.6 billion in 1966. that money in the supplemental requests Mr. JONAS. I yield to the gentleman Mr. Speaker, I believe the American will not be spent until following 1966. from Kansas. taxpayers who now are engaged in the Mr. MICHEL. That is true. Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I join in yearly chore of figuring their income tax Mr. JONAS: By grouping them all heartily commending the gentleman may have the impact of Federal spend­ into 1965, of course, it gives the ap­ from North Carolina [Mr. JONAS] and my ing brought home more dramatically pearance of a downward trend in spend­ other distinguished colleagues who have this year. ing when the contrary is the case. worked so diligently to submit this initial Many taxpayers are going to be forced Mr. MICHEL. Of course, next year study on the administration's budget for to borrow money to pay income taxes will be another election year and it will fiscal 1966. which were underwithheld in 1964 as a look better on paper then; will it not? This is a realistic and responsible pres­ result of the administration's insistence Mr. JONAS. Mr. Gordon in his testi­ entation by the minority and it is deserv­ to reduce the withholding rate below the mony before the full committee recently ing of serious consideratior4 by all actual taxing rate. While I personal).y stated that the administration had dis­ Members of Congress, regardless of po­ regretted that action, the experience of cretionary power to charge these funds litical affiliation. going into debt tO pay Federal taxes may to one year or the other. My response bring forth a greater public realization of to that is that it is obVious the adminis­ Each of us has a responsibility to sup­ the cost of letting Uncle Sam do it. tration used that discretion to put all of port economies in Federal spending fol­ Indeed, we may be faced with a grow­ these supplemental requests in 1965 in lowing the guidelines recommended by ing public clamor to effect the economies order to make 1966 look good in com­ the task force subcommittee: which have been recommended today by parison. First. Is the request essential and the Republican policy task force sub­ Mr. MICHEL. Did the gentleman ad­ should it be approved even though it committee. dress himself to some of the phony fig­ must be financed out of borrowed money? We have in the past been successful ures presented in this budget? For Second. Is the, request for something in reducing the administration's budget example, in the Department of Agricul­ we can postpone until the budget is requests without damaging the opera­ ture where for the past 6 or 7 years in balanced and the national debt is re­ tion· of the Federal Government. This that all-important area of soil conserva­ duced? budget can and should be cut. tion, the Congress has seen fit to provide Much publicity has been given to the Mr. JONAS. I am very grateful for or authorize to be spent in the neighbor­ fact that the President has submitted the comments of my colleague from hood of $250 million for the ACP, agri­ a budget for 1966 under $100 billion. Kansas. I made a little arithmetical cultural conservation payments. And in However, we know that the administra­ computation here while the gentleman this budget we have that item for the tion's budget calls for new appropriations was speaking, when reminded of the coming year at $100 million less than of $106.4 billion. · $22,000 per minute interest charge. Fig­ what the Congress has seen fit to au­ The growing number of supplemental uring that we have been discussing this thorize during past years. There is no budget requests also is a matter for scru­ matter for about 15 minutes, ~his means question in my mind that unless there is tiny and concern. While the publicity that while we have been speaking the a drastic change in the sentiment of the spotlight is on the initial massive budget Government's interest bill has been Congress that we will probably put that request of $99.7 billion, less attention $330,000 . . money back in at the current level. Of seemingly is focused on these supple­ Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker. will the course, here we· have a situation where mental requests to make up budget gentleman yield? the President comes up with a lower fig­ deficiencies. We may have to act on Mr. JONAS. I yield to the gentleman ure knowing that the Congress will raise supplemental requests for approximately from Illinois. it because it is such a popular program. $6 billion this year. Mr. MICHEL. I am sorry I did not This is an on-going, current program and This is a very significant matter which arrive in time to hear the gentleman's so the onus attaches to the Congress for helps emphasize the inefficient estima­ entire presentation, although I ,did hear raising the President's figure. Does the tion of expenditures by the administra- him make some reference to the supple­ gentleman have any comment on that? tion. . mental requests that will total something Mr. JONAS. I would say that is a My able colleague, Mr. JONAS, has in the neighborhood of $6 billion. tactic that was used throughout this pointed out that 12 cents on every dollar Did the gentleman make the point that budget to give it the appearance of be­ of net receipts goes to pay interest on some of these supplemental requests will ing cut when, as a matter of fact, we all the national debt. Early this year, the actually not be spent in the current fiscal know that the budget points toward Appropriations Committee, of which I year, and will not reflect themselves in much higher expenditures in the future. am privileged to be a member, was in­ the total picture of what the President Mr. MICHEL. There is also another formed that the interest on the record said in his budget message we would be item for the benefit of the consumer. We Federal debt accrues at the rate of spending? have had programs providing for meat $22,000 per minute, every minute of the Mr. JONAS. I did comment on that-­ inspection and poultry inspection where day. · the $6 billion request for supplementals the Federal Government has funded In the past decade interest payments in 1965. Only $1.5 billion of the $6 bil­ these programs. It is my understanding on the national debt have increased lion is projected to be spent during the that the administration would like to 6272 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 shift the burden of this expenditure to we might very well give consideration to we have to implement it." Then we the processors and to business, and that passage of a resolution calling for "Truth must implement it." Then we must de­ reflects itself in a lower figure in the in spending" so that the American peo­ cide whether to accept their word as to budget, when as a matter of fact, it will ple might be fully apprised as to what how much it will cost to implement, or require some legislation before we could the spending level of the Government is. to cut down. That would be a job reduce the appropriation in this area. Mr. JONAS. We believe they deserve which another task force might well con­ The lower budget figure in this item of to know all the facts about the budget, sider and on which it might well spend proposed inspection fees is $68.2 million, and not just what is in the headlines. some time-time that would prove of and I personally do not believe the Con­ Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, will the value to the House in giving careful gress is going to thrust the entire burden gentleman yield? scrutiny and study of the funds author­ of these inspection fees on the processors Mr. JONAS. I am glad to yield to the ized to be appropriated at a subsequent and businesses involved. And so again gentleman from Missouri. date. I say that without any new legislation Mr. HALL. I certainly compliment The pipeline I have been talking about enacted, the budget would have to refiect the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. is not money simply authorized but an expenditure of $68.2 million, which is JONAS], in the well of the House, who money which has been appropriated. It not in the budget now. is heading this budget-cutting task force, requires no further action on the part of And referring to another item for the and the task force, for this report. the Congress before it can be spent. The rural electrification loan program, the Certainly, at the beginning of the ses­ only action re quir~d is for the Treasury President's budget reflects a reduction of sion of the last Congress, the so-called to go out and borrow the money and pay $102 million, but here again legislation Bow task force, which this one succeeds, the bills, that part of the money we do would be required to provide for a revolv­ proved not only that all budgets can be not fund from receipts. We have been ing fund, and there is some question as to cut in the interest of the Union but also operating on a deficit basis so long it has whether the Congress would deem it wise that time has overtaken events, and per­ come to be a habit, which should be dis- and appropriate to set up this revolving haps even that was not cut enough. continued in my opinion. - fund, rather than appropriating for this Le me compliment the gentleman for That is one reason why the task force purpose each year. so clearly and succinctly differentiating was created-to see if we could not strike Mr. JONAS. I thank the gentleman. between spending and obligational au­ a blow in the interest of cutting down And I also suggest it would be helpful to thority. This comes at a good time, spending which is beyond our means, in some of our colleagues if the gentleman when we are considering paying and cal­ the hope of getting our fiscal affairs in would refer to our experience with the culating our taxes for the last calendar better condition. $1. 7 billion supplemental request for the year. I certainly hope it will be driven Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, will the gen­ CCC this year after the administration home in this exercise on the :floor of the tleman yield further? last year voluntarily reduced the funds House today. Mr. JONAS. I yield to the distin­ requested by nearly a billion dollars be­ I was interested in what the gentleman guished gentleman from Missouri. low the previous year's appropriation. said about the pipeline and the carryover Mr. HALL. I would like to say that One of the first things we had to do this of appropriations. I have been con­ I think you·have struck a blow for liberty year was to consider a request for an­ cerned for some time, not as a member and certainly one for domestic financial other $1.7 billion for this program; is of the Appropriations Committee but as respansibility in your report here today. that not correct? a member of the Armed Services Com­ In the spirit only of adding thereunto Mr. MICHEL. That is true. That mittee, which has to deal with the au­ and trying to help the gentleman and the was our prediction last year-we were thorization of practically 50 percent of task force, which has wrought so well, not kidding anybody-and the first sup­ our annual budget, with the fact that I would like to say that I thought you plemental request we predicted last year certain appropriations are carried over brought up this matter of the myths of that would come before this Congress rather than go through the process of the submitted budget in a particularly ·would be one in the nature of something Congress each year. We are gradually lucid way. I wonder if we could not add over a billion dollars to restore the capi­ correcting that by line item review of all an additional myth to that, namely, the tal impairment of the Commodity Credit procurement of missiles, tanks, planes, promise that was made in one of the Corporation. The truth of the matter is and ships, as well as adding last year messages which came here from the ex­ that when the request came to us, tt was research and development, but I believe ecutive branch of the Government for not only a billion dollars but it was for it could be applied on a line item basis increased domestic economy if we would $1.7 billion as the gentleman indicated to many other departments in the legis­ but allow a lifting of the one-third of the and the committee saw fit to arrive at a lative committees. gold cover for the deposit of commercial figure of $1.6 billion. It just dramatizes I wonder if the gentleman would agree banks in the Federal Reserve so that we parti~ularly what chicanery can be in­ that we might solve the so-called pipe­ could meet our obligations in gold over­ volved here in coming up with some line problem by incorporating in all leg­ seas, as erroneous as that theory might phony figures when the budget is pre­ islation not only ways and means but be, while not demanding payments from sented and then coming back later for also a termination date. I am not those nations that owe us. However, supplemental appropriations which never speaking only of appropriations actions then having made this promise in suc­ seem to get the same spotlight of pub .. on the part of the Congress. I believe cessive weeks, we voted to continue our licity. the old saw of authorizing and therefore delivery of wheat to Nasser and appro­ Mr. JONAS. The gentleman is quite having policy established, with some­ priated an additional three-quarters of correct. I think it is most unfortunate thing becoming a "must" for appropria­ a billion dollars for the Inter-American that the impression has been gained by tions, or the reverse, is something the Development Bank, as worthy as that the public generally, as the gentleman new committee on the reorganization of might be, and $1.2 billion for the Appa­ from Illinois says, that this is a budget the Congress might well study. lachia bill and then took up the Supreme that is under $100 billion. As a matter of Mr. JONAS. I appreciate that com­ Court Justices' raise, which did not pass fact, by no stretch of the imagination ment from the gentleman from Missouri. the House but was presented to us. I am could it be construed as being under $100 One of the real handicaps we face in speaking of the lack of veracity in carry­ billion when the request for new spend­ the Appropriation Committee is the fact ing out the promised · economy. Then ing authority is $106 billion. The budget that Congress has authorized these new finally we had the elementary and sec­ itself says the administration proposes programs. We are not a legislative ondary education bill which passed the to obligate $108 billion next year. When committee. We do not have the power, House late last Friday night to the tune you consider all of the spending, it unless it is exercised arbitrarily, to kill of an additional $1.3 billion. amounts to $127 billion total, which is $9 programs or to change the law. We are It seems to me that this myth could billion more than the previous year. somewhat limited, at least, by the au­ be summarized in that we cannot have Mr. MICHEL. I am reminded that a thorizing legislation. our cake and eat it, too. I compliment Member of the other body has intro­ The first place to start economizing is the gentleman and the task force for duced legislation which has come to be· when the authorizing bills are on the what they have said. known as the truth in lending bill. It floor. The argument is always made to Mr. JONAS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the would seem to me very appropriate that us, "Congress authorized this program; gentleman for his comments. March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6273 Mr. BOW. Mr. Speaker, will the gen­ creased by $45 since 1960, and every man, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there tleman yield? woman, and child in the Nation now owes objection to the request of the gentleman Mr. JONAS. I will be glad to yield to $1,644.87 in Federal debt. from Illinois? the ranking minority member of the Take just the interest on that debt. In · There was no objection. House Committee on Appropriations, the 19BO the per capita share of it amounted Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Bowl, who to $50 per person. In 1964 it jumped platform of the 1964 Democratic Na­ headed up this task force for the 2 pre­ to $59. tional Convention calls upon our party ceding years and is a member of the These figures can be readily calculated to recognize the importance of low inter­ current one. from the statistics that appear in the est rates. Mr. BOW. Mr. Speaker, I thank the Budget Bureau's own publications, and It is the solemn duty of every Demo­ gentleman for yielding. represent the last year for which official cratic Member of this body to uphold the I would like to say to the gentleman figures are available. platform pledge so that this country will that the question has been raised here There is a startling similarity in all of have an adequate money supply to meet about authorizing legislation and appro­ these cases. Whether you consider the the needs of a growing economy. priations. It would seem to me a very Federal expenditures, the national debt The low interest rate platform is not advantageous thing for the Congress if or even the interest on the national debt, new to the Democratic Party. In 1960 the legislative committees would spend a all have risen on a per capita basis faster we promised to put an end to the pres­ little more time with agencies which than the population has increased. We ent high interest, tight money policy. come before them for legislation, delving on the Republican Task Force on Budget It is our job to follow through with our into the question as to what the c-0st Reduction consider these facts not only promises. of the program is going to be. We have to be significant, but to warrant close Last Thursday the distinguished ·a very classic example in the subcommit­ scrutiny and tighter fiscal policies by this chairman of the Banking and Currency tee that I sit on of the Committee on Ap­ Government. It is apparent that while Committee, the gentleman from Texas propriations where the legislative com­ the Government spends more, we are go­ [Mr. PATMAN], addressed this body con­ mittee was told that the cost would be ing further into debt at the very time cerning the formation of a Democratic somewhere around $7,500 for a particu­ when prosperity is heralded across the steering committee to resist high interest lar item. There is now a request before land. rates. Because of the length of the ses­ us for around $250,000 for that $7,500 The sad part of this picture is that it sion that day, only a small portion of his item. I think if we had more time and would have been even worse had it not address was given orally. I would like effort devoted to the -detail of the au­ been for the prudent actions and recom­ to refresh the memories of my Demo­ thorizing legislation, then we in the mendations taken by previous Republi­ cratic colleagues with regard to the Committee on Appropriations could fol­ can task forces and conveyed to the steering committee. The committee has low through on it and it would be help­ House Committee on Appropriations. no function except to resist high interest ful, because it is very apparent when you These actions resulted in the committee rates that would saddle the American read the record that the agencies who reduction of administration spending re­ people with a severe economic hardship. come before the committees of Congress quests by $19 billion during the past 4 By joining the committee you commit come to the authorizing committees with years, and with the final actions of Con­ yourself to nothing more than upholding the lowest figure and then come to the gress resulting in net reductions of $8.5 a promise we have made in our plat­ Committee on Appropriations with the billion. These are the reductions they forms. I ask that you read copies of highest figure. If we could have more said could not be made. But they were platform for 1964 and 1960 and then of a study made with respect to the au­ made, and now our greatest critics are contact Chairman PATMAN asking that thorizing committees and a closer scrut­ bragging about the prosperity of the your name be added to the list of those iny of the testimony given there, it seems country. If those reductions had not who want to make good on a promise to to me it would be helpful to us in trying been made, per capita spending by the the people of this Nation. to cut this down. Government might well have increased Mr. LANGEN. Mr. Speaker., the Re­ by another $45 per man, woman and publican task force chairman on child. The national debt and interest THE STATE DEPARTMENT'S PRO­ budget reduction has noted alarming payments also would have been increased GRAM OF COMMUNITY ADVISORY correspondingly. trends in our national financial picture SERVICES during the past 4 years. These trends, This is why the Republican Task Force when analyzed from the standpoint of on Budget Reduction is resisting current Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ the individual citizen, cast grave shadows efforts to further increase spending and imous consent that the gentleman from over the deficit spending policies pursued to recommend further reductions so that Michigan [Mr. CEDERBERG] may extend since 1960. our debt does not rise even more. his remarks at this point in the RECORD It is common knowledge that the na­ Mr. JONAS, our chairman, has surely and include extraneous matter. tional debt has risen $26.2 billion in those performed a real service to this House The SPEAKER prro tempore. Is there 4 years. It is also common knowledge and the Nation in presenting these facts. objection to the request of the gentleman that the interest on that debt has risen from Missouri? There was no objection. from a little over $9 billion a year to over GENERAL LEAVE TO EXTEND $11.2 billion a year during that same Mr. CEDERBERG. Mr. Speaker, a length of time. It is also easy to deter­ REMARKS few days ago I had the occasion to sit mine that Federal spending was over $21 Mr. JONAS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ down and discuss with the Honorable billion more at the close of fiscal 1964 imous consent that all Members may William J. Crockett, Deputy Under Sec­ than at the close of fiscal 1960. But we have 5 legislative days in which to ex­ retary of State for Administration, the must look beyond these bare statistics for tend their remarks on the subject of extremely interesting and valuable pro­ the full story of what is happening. economy in Government. gram of community advisory services We of the Republican task force have The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there which the State Department is con­ heard arguments that spending is bound objection to the request of the gentleman ducting. to go up because our population con­ from North Carolina? I am sure that other Members of this tinues to increase. But the facts show There was no objection. body will be as interested as I was in that per capita Federal spending in­ learning more· of the details concerning creased by $86 during the last 4 years­ the State Department's efforts to reac­ leaping well ahead of the population in­ DEMOCRATIC PARTY OBLIGATED quaint members of our Foreign Service crease. In fiscal 1964 we spent $514.13 TO RESIST HIGH INTEREST returning on home leave from foreign for every man, woman, and child in the RATES assignments with American life and United States, whether they were Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, I ask thinking. This is a double-barreled wealthy or on welfare. unanimous consent to address the House program in that it not only helps the The Federal debt shows a similar trend. for 1 minute and to revise and extend my Foreign Service officers to know their The per capita share of that debt in- remarks. own country and its citizens better, but 6274 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 it helps Americans, particularly at the The travel report to which I referred was the biggest surprise of all-it was so grassroots, to get a better understand­ earlier follows: effortless that concentration was occasion­ ing of world problems and to hear first­ ally demanded to remember that it was ';!'RAILER TRAVEL REPORT: A FOREIGN SERVICE behind the car. hand the task in which our representa­ FAMILY REVISITS AMERICA On the way out to Colorado, we traveled tives to the more than 100 foreign coun­ (By Samuel G. Wise) far on the magnificent thruways of the North tries are engaged. The thought of home leave this time pro­ Central States alternating our overnight The Department of State is making an duced more than the usual misgivings in stops between trailer camps and national effort to see that a maximum of its offi­ my family. What with both sets of parents parks. We also made several side trips to cers and their families get the richest having recently disposed of large, comfort­ visit friends along the way and to take in and broadest experience possible during able houses and possessing no home of our national monuments, areas of unusual their approximately 60-day home leave own, we were frankly dismayed at the idea natural beauty or interest, and other sights of being cast adrift in the homeland for up recommended by several guides. provided them by law. to 2 months wl th three children (ages 8 and The children particularly enjoyed the Not only does the State Department 6 years, and 18 months)-survivlng, if at all, Indiana State Dunes Park on Lake Michigan try to encourage maximum geographic in cheap hotels or on the largess of some and the traces of the old West preserved in coverage of their travel to and from their insanely hospitable friends. such places as Pioneer Village in Minden, stateside homes, but to confer with as Adding to the bleak picture, I harbored a Nebr.; Central City, Colo.; and Dodge City, broad a segment of the American public further disappointment that the size of our Kans. as possible. In 1964, the State Depart­ family, coupled with a resounding lack of Mary and I also enjoyed the great beauty wherewithal, seemed certain to preclude any of the Rocky Mountains, the seemingly ment reports that 390 returning officers extensive travel around the United States­ bottomless canyons of Colorado and the made almost 500 speeches and gave al­ to my mind one of the most important pur­ magnificent fall colors in the blue grass most a thousand newspaper and TV in­ poses of any home leave. country of Kentucky and the West Virginia terviews in 47 States. I felt particularly strong about this as we hills. A particularly enjoyable experience for Recently, the Department was pro­ had been away for 4 years and the children, all of us was a Sunday picnic high in the vided the use of three cars and trailers all born and reared abroad, needed to see Colorado Rockies hosted by the city editor of to permit officers and their families to and experience at firsthand the country the Grand Junction Sentinel. they knew only vicariously through books, The public appearance aspect of the trip revisit America and to acquaint them­ films, and the conversation of their parents. proved to be one of its highlights for it selves with areas of the country which What an exciting surprise it was, then, afforded an additional opportunity to meet were unfamiliar to them. These trailers when I learned clandestinely of the trailer with various cross-sections of the popula­ get repeated use as officers complete program recently launched by the Depart­ tion and, where interest was shown, to talk their home leave and others are ready ment's Office of Community Advisory Serv­ about foreign affairs and the Foreign Service. to begin theirs. I ask permission to in­ ices. As soon as I heard the news, I hied We found everywhere we went that the sert a report from one of the first For­ up to 0/CAS on the seventh floor to learn most important concerns were (a) local af­ eign Service officers to take a trailer the details and to see if I were eligible. It fairs, (b) the world series, and ( c) the na­ turned out that I was not only eligible but tional elections. But we also discovered that trip. I will submit it at the close of my welcome. throughout the country at all levels there remarks. Fred Kelley, 0/CAS officer in charge of the is a far greater knowledge of and interest in The enthusiasm of the officers and Department's trailer program, gave me some foreign affairs than we had believed. their families upon return from their background on the operation. The Depart­ Local news media we perused gave surpris~ leave is matched only by the praise and ment has procured on a long-term loan ingly good coverage to the world scene and requests for more such visits which come basis three travel trailers and three powerful people seemed to sense the connection be­ from the communities where the officers tow cars. tween foreign developments, particularly in­ and their wives have spoken. In my own Officers assigned trailers are expected to volving the United States, and their domestic State of Michigan, in recent months, accomplish two broad objectives: reacquaint concerns. themselves and their families with a portion We were in Columbia, Mo., when the news nine Foreign Service officers on home of the United States and provide informa­ broke of the Khrushchev ouster and the Com­ leave have spoken to school, church, and tion about the Department and the Foreign munist Chinese nuclear explosion, and I can civic groups and have been interviewed Service to interested communities at selected personally testify that developments of the by newspapers, radio, and TV. For many points along the way. The cost to the officer m agnitude of these really have t he power to people in Michigan, this was the first is minimal since the trailer, the tow car and move the man in the street and set him to time they had ever heard a Foreign Serv­ even the gas and oil are provided gratis. The wondering about their consequences. ice officer talk about his day-to-day ac­ trailers accommodate up to six persons. The majority of my public appearances tivities. I have learned from the Foreign The beauty of the program at this point were limited to radio, television, and news­ is that an officer can plot an itinerary paper interviews. At several stops, however, Service officers that these appearances covering any section of the United States ·r spoke informally with small groups about have provided them an opportunity to he chooses and lasting up to a month. the Foreign Service and in Columbia I had participate for the first time in local I selected a route that took us out to a chance to chat with University of Mis­ community activities in the United Grand Junction, Colo., across the States of souri students and to address a foreign af­ States. This program should be Maryland, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, fairs workshop of high school teachers. On encouraged. Illinois, Iowa, and Nebraska. On the return several occasions my wife and the children Mr. Speaker, I feel that the Depa.rt­ trip we also crossed Kansas, Missouri, Ken­ got into the act, and we were amazed to hear ment of State is to be commended for tucky, West Virginia, and Virginia. our voices on a recorded radio tape as we Together with Mr. Kelley, I scheduled slipped out of Frankfort in the early hours this excellent project. The more our speaking stops in North Platte, Nebr.; Grand of the morning. Foreign Service officers are permitted to Junction, Colo.; Dodge City, Kans.; Columbia, The questions asked us covered a broad become reoriented to, and made cur­ Mo.; Frankfurt, Ky.; and Charleston, W. Wa. spectrum ranking from our purpose in run­ rently and intimately aware of, Ameri­ Letters were sent from the Department to ning around the country in a trailer to what the various news media in each of these it is like to live abroad to what ls the out­ can thinking, American problems, and look for Sino-Soviet relations. American achievements, the greater will cities announcing my arrival and spelling out the purposes of the trailer program. All For a variety of reasons, including Khru­ be their value in representing their my scheduled stops had less than 100,000 shchev's removal and my previous service in Government abroad. The more our population for two reasons: ( 1) larger cities Moscow, many of the interviewers concen­ people throughout the country and, par:­ most likely have been or will be visited by trated on the Soviet Union. Their second ticularly in the less metropolitan areas, FSO's under different auspices and for a interest was evidenced by a barrage of queries can learn firsthand the problems and longer period of time; (2) maneuvering the about life in Italy and Americans abroad. trailer is a lot easier in smaller cities. Somewhat surprisingly, I didn't run into living conditions which our Foreign Mastering the trailer itself, I found, was one hostile inquisition during my entire trip. Service officers and their families face a continuous process. Completely self-con­ Everyone seemed honestly interested to hear and the services which they must per­ tained with separate equipment for auto­ what I had to say and to learn more about form, the greater will be our public un­ operation and hookups, the trailer was a the Department of State and the Foreign derstanding of America's role among the miracle of design and convenience. Al­ Service. If there were embarrassing ques­ though I learned something new every day tions, they were held in reserve for another nations of the world. about its operation, someone else with occasion. I know all Members of Congress will greater mechanical fac111ty could catch on Al in all, the trailer trip turned out to be support this program energetically. considerably quicker. Pul11ng the trailer a great experience. Not only was it a life- March 29, 1fJ65 CQNGRESSIONA~ RECORO - _ HOUSE 6275 saver as far as home leave lodgings were con­ been approved by the Commission of We submit that this beautiful amd endur­ cerned, but it also enabled us to visit a great Fine Arts. ing material should not be supplanted in the deal of America that we had never seen. Mr. Speaker, under unanimous con­ Federal architecture of the Capital City. I modestly hoped that, in a small way, we sent, I would like to include in the REC­ Answers should be provided promptly to were able to increase public knowledge and these and other questions of concern to all appreciation of the work of the Department ORD at this point a brochure entitled who are interested in the future of Washing­ and the Foreign Service. "Our Beautiful Capital, Will It Be ton: Marred by the New Trend in Federal Are architects being pressured by agencies Building?" and I commend it to every of the U.S. Government to employ concrete STONE INDUSTRY-A THREATENING Member of this body for his careful con­ exteriors in the design of Federal buildings? TREND sideration. Does Congress have full, accurate informa­ Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ OUR BEAUTIFUL CAPITAL: Wn.L IT BE MARRED tion on the long-term maintenance cost of imous consent that the gentleman from BY THE NEW TREND IN FEDERAL Bun.DING? concrete-faced buildings? New Hampshire [Mr. CLEVELAND] may Washington has justly been called one of Are the four new Government buildings extend his remarks at this point in the the most beautiful cities of the world, a city currently scheduled an experiment in the ap­ of magnificent vistas and tree-shaded ave­ plication of concrete or the first step in a RECORD and include extraneous matter. nues, graced with a monumental architecture program to eliminate stone entirely from the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there that proclaims the grandeur and dignity of a Capital of the future? objection to the request of the gentleman great nation. It is a city steeped in history from Missouri? and tradition. It is the common heritage· of Mr. Speaker, this trend toward speci­ There was no objection. all Americans. fying the materials to be used in the con­ Mr. CLEVELAND. Mr. Speaker, I Because we take pride in our National struction of Federal buildings seems to have recently had called to my attention Capital and are concerned that its beauty be be an integral part of a growing trend what seems to be a trend in the design preserved for the future, we must now speak within the Federal Government to spec­ ·out against a vogue in Federal architecture ify the types of materials to be used in of Government buildings here in the which may well distort or destroy the char­ Nation's Capital and throughout the the construction of projects, if one ex­ acter of Washington. Whether through Inis­ pects to be awarded a contract. United States and what seems to be a directed zeal for innovation or a desire to try trend in the directed use of specified ma­ cut "contemporary" art forms, approval has The most shocking example of this terials for construction under Federal been given recently to the substitution of trend was a subsection in the Appalach­ contracts. concrete for the time-tested stone exteriors ian Regional Development Act of 1965 As a member of the Subcommittee on of our new Government buildings. Four suoh bill which stated that for the purposes Public Buildings and Grounds of the structures presently are approved for con­ of research and development in the use struction in the heart of the Capital City, at of coal and coal products in highway Committee on Public Works, the sub­ a cost of over $120 million, and there is rea­ committee which has jurisdiction over ·son to fear that many more will follow if this construction and maintenance, the Sec­ the authorization of construction of pub­ dubious innovation is permitted to proceed. retary of Commerce is authorized to re­ lic buildings, I am sincerely concerned Indeed, there are pers·istent reports in Wash­ quire-get that-require each partici­ that the Federal Government, in the in­ ington that architects submitting designs for pating State, to the maximum extent terests of new architectural vogues, may new Federal buildings must specify concrete possible, to use coal derivatives-what­ be employing inferior materials in the exteriors if they hope for approval by the ever they may be and no one testifying Commission of Fine Arts. before the Committee on Public Works construction of new Government build­ The new buildings currently authorized ings. This would unquestionably result are: Federal Office Building No. 5; the Na­ seemed to know-in the construction of in higher building maintenance cost. tional Air and Space Museum of the Smith­ not to exceed 10 percent of the roads I refer specifically to the substitution sonian Institution; the Federal Bureau of authorized under this act. of concrete for the time-tested stone ex­ Investigation Building, and a new headquar­ This means that regardless of the teriors of our new Federal Government ters for the Housing and Home Finance Ad­ quality of the materials for road con­ buildings. Four structures which would ministration. struction purposes, and regardless of the This is not to criticize the use of concrete costs, these coal derivatives must be used have concrete exteriors have recently as an architectural expression, but rather to been authorized for construction in caution against its misuse in a manner thor­ in highway construction. If other ma­ Washington, at a total cost of $120 mil­ oughly incompatible with the image that terials are more easily obtainable, less lion. These four buildings are the Fed­ Washington has presented for so many years expensive, and of superior quality to the eral Office Building No. 5, the National to America and the world. The architectural coal derivative materials, the coal de­ Air and Space Museum of the· Smith­ harmony, the continuity of appearance, rivatives would still be used. sonian Institution, the Federal Bureau of which are so much a part of Washington's This, I suggest, is an alarming trend enduring splendor, will be lost, perhaps for­ in the letting of contracts by the Federal Investigation Building, and a new head­ ever, if these concrete structures are thrust quarters for the Housing and Home into the great Mall and historic Pennsyl­ Government. Finance Agency. vania Avenue. The end result could only be Mr. Speaker, it would be wise for the There are reports in Washington that architectural discord, a chaotic clash with General Services Administration and the architects submitting designs for new the quiet dignity of the Lincoln and Jeffer­ Commission of Fine Arts to reexamine Federal buildings must specify concrete son Memorials, the National Gallery of Art, their procedures and recommendations exteriors, if they hope to get approval and all the great monuments of the Nation's relative to the specifications of specific Capital. materials for construction of new Gov­ from the Commission of Fine Arts. Federal architecture cannot and should not Mr. Speaker, this is not to criticize the be bound by outmoded convention or held ernment buildings. It might also be use of concrete as an architectural ex­ unchangeably to the forms of the past. But wise for the Federal government to re­ pression, but rather to caution against surely architectural freedom does not mean examine in depth any trend toward its misuse in a manner thoroughly in­ license to mar the beauty of our Capital by specifying the use of specific materials in compatible with the image of architec­ using it as a testing ground for each passing any project. tural beauty that Washington has pre­ fad. Surely the American people and their sented for so many years to America and elected representatives are entitled at least to know what considerations dictated this revo­ GOVERNOR OF TENNESSEE PRO­ the world. lutionary change in our Federal architecture Mr. Speaker, I represent one of the that has now been approved by the Commis­ TESTS CUTBACK OF FUNDS FOR greatest natural stone producing areas in sion of Fine Arts. Surely a matter so di­ SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION this Nation. The quality of New Hamp­ rectly affecting our national heritage is too shire granite is known throughout the important to be decided behind closed doors Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, I ask world. My constituents are concerned by a Federal Commission whose changing unanimous consent that the gentleman about this trend, since they have under­ likes and architectural philosophies can leave from Tennessee [Mr. ANDERSON] may standable interest in the use of stone in a lasting imprint on the Capital of the extend his remarks at this point in the building construction. United States. RECORD and include extraneous matter. Over many centuries, stone has weathered The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there The American people and the Mem­ every test of time, surmounted every trial of bers of this body are entitled to know changing architectural form. It is as con­ obj~tion to the request of the gentleman what considerations dictated this change temporary as today, as lasting as "the earth from New York? in our Federal architecture that has now itself. There was no objection. 6276 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 Mr. ANDERSON of Tennessee. Mr. than serfs and slaves were treated in the ing clamor from farm quarters, and pressures Speaker, I have received a letter from the middle of the 18th century. on Congress and the administration, to re­ vive the traffic. Governor of Tennessee, the Honorable In part, the Federal Government must The system has long been opposed by orga· Frank G. Clement, protesting the pro­ share the responsibility for this. For the nized labor and social welfare organizations posed cutback in appropriated funds for Government has in many ways encour­ as a wage-cutting device. The so-called the soil and water conservation pro­ aged or permitted these conditions to ex­ shortages of domestic labor, in the face of grams of the U.S. Department of Agri­ ist. Minimum ·wage protection has not large-scale unemployment, have been attrib­ culture. Governor Clement's arguments been extended to farmworkers. Work­ uted to farm employers' refusal to offer against these cuts make sense and I hope man's compensation has not been extend­ enough pay as long as they could get dollar­ the Members of the House will restore ed to farmworkers. And, worst of all, an-hour alien labor. these funds and prevent another eco­ through the bracero program the Gov­ LITTLE DISRUPrION SEEN nomic setback to the small and poor ernment handed the growers a club with Mr. Wirtz concluded that in California, farmer who so desperately needs our which to beat domestic workers over the the biggest agricultural State and the big­ help. heads and a crutch for themselves to gest user of braceros (Spanish idiom for man­ ual laborers) , the shift to domestic labor had The letter follows: lean upon. So long as the semislaves been effected thus far with minimal disrup· NASHVILLE, TENN., could be carted in from Mexico there tion of farming, although there might be very March 18, 1965. could be no improvement in working con­ limited and selective transitional needs for Hon. WILLIAM R . ANDERSON, ditions. Why should wages be negotiable some aliens in this fall's harvest peak. House Office Building, with domestic workers when the Govern­ The Secretary presented his conclusions at Washington, D .C. ment guaranteed a foreign labor supply an airport news conference last night as he DEAR ANDY: Many leading citizens have to the growers? headed back to Washington, his shoes daubed expressed concern over the proposed reduc­ with mud from tramping through dozens of tion in the Federal budget appropriations for During his trip, Secretary Wirtz while vegetable fields, fruit groves and labor camps the soil and water conservation programs of observing asparagus harvesting in north­ during a thousand-mile tour of the State by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. ern California asked the ranch owner, plane and car. This service, for the past 30 years, has been "Where are the toilets?" The ranch own­ In four 16-hour days, he talked with hun­ afforded the farmers without charge and it er replied in astonishment "What toi­ dreds of workers, employers and officials. In would seem that the plan under considera­ lets?" He might also have rep.lied, colla:boration with an entourage of Federal tion-that a certain percentage of the op­ "What decent housing? What decent and State agricul·tural and. labor experts, he erating funds be raised from soil conserva­ food? What decent wages? What work­ probed farm economics down to fractions of tion districts and farmers-would penalize a cent. the small and poor farmer least able to pay man's compensation?" California's large-scale farm employers had for the technical assistance they so badly With unanimous consent I am insert­ hoped the visit would be an occasion for con­ need. This would place an unjust burden ing in the RECORD an article from the tinuation of the long-simmering argument on the farmer as well as undue hardship Washington Star, March 26, 1965, by about the asserted indispensability of a "sup­ on other groups who are already bearing Doris Fleeson entitled "Wirtz' Lonely plementary alien labor supply," which critics heavy financial obligations. Battle on Poverty," and an article from have likened to the garment industry's one­ Since the soil conservation service assist­ this morning's New York Times, March time dependence on a flow of immigrants ance programs were fostered by the Demo­ 29, 1965, by Gladwyn Hill, entitled "Day from Europe. cratic Party, they have meant much to agri­ But Mr. Wirtz, after his investigation, re­ culture in Tennessee, and I hope that these of Alien Labor Over": jected this notion as a dead issue. He em­ practices can be stimulated and intensified DAY OF ALIEN LABOR OVER, WmTZ TELLS COAST phasized that in terminating Public Law 78, as a reduction will do great damage to the FARMERS: GROWERS MUST COMPETE FOR DO­ which authorized federally regulated impor­ soil and water conservation programs in our MESTIC WORKERS, HE SAYS AFTER TOUR tation of labor, Congress had expressed its State. (By Gladwin Hill) will that this labor source be ended. I will give my support to all moves to get [Special to the New York Times] The only question now, he said, is how to these funds restored and your careful con­ achieve the transition to a stable, and eco­ sideration of this matter is respectfully Los ANGELES, March 28.-Secretary of Labor nomically and socially satisfactory, domestic requested. W. Willard Wirtz has proclaimed the advent supply. Sincerely, of a new era in a major segment of American The will of Congress, he added, likewise FRANK G. CLEMENT. agriculture. precluded reviving any large-scale admission Mr. Wirtz declared this weekend, after of foreign labor under section 414 of the making a 4-day investigation of California's McCarran-Walter Immigration Act, on which WHAT TOILETS? vast farming industry, that the day of a many farm employers have been pinning Government-sponsored "guaranteed and Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, I ask their hopes. assured" farm labor supply, through the sea­ Under this provision, foreign labor can unanimous consent that the gentleman sonal importation of cut-rate alien field enter the United States temporarily to work from Texas [Mr. GoNZALEzJ may extend hands, was over. in a certain area if the Labor Department his remarks at this point in the RECORD Henceforth, he said, agriculture will have agrees that the area has a labor shortage. and include extraneous matter. to get its workers through direct wage com­ "Some people have felt that section 414 The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there petition in the domestic labor market. would replace Public Law 78," Mr. Wirtz said. objection to the request of the gentleman He predicted that even major increases in "It will not." from New York? farm wages would bring only insignificant "I see the situation moving from the increases in retail food prices. recriminations and absolutes of the last sev­ There was no objection. To facilitate this far-reaching transition eral months of discussions," he said, "into Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, Secre­ to domestic labor, Mr. Wirtz indicated that a period where we face squarely the fact that tary of Labor Willard Wirtz, deserves he was strongly inclined to press for two in­ Public Law 78 has been terminated. What the praise and compliments of this House novations long considered radical in agricul­ lies ahead is a longer-ran.ge challenge to meet and the people for bringing forth the tural economics: a national minimUin wage the changeover in California's agriculture." facts about farm labor in this country. and unemployment insurance for farmwork­ "A fully guaranteed, assured labor supply ers. will no longer be the case," Mr. Wirtz said. He has now completed his 4-day on-the­ MINIMUM. WAGE STUDIED ground investigation of farm labor con­ "It will be up to employers, with the coopera­ The Secretary is also considering the de­ tion of public and private agencies, to pro­ ditions in California and the evidence is velopment, under Federal-State auspices, of vide adequate incentives. A basic decision conclusive that the shift in that State a national network of trailer parks, with full implicit in the action of Congress was that from Mexican braceros to domestic labor community facilities, as bases from which labor should find its price on a competitive has been accomplished so far with mini­ migrant farmworker families could follow basis." mal disruption of farming, despite the the crop cycle and live decently. He declared, "There has been substantially loud protests to the contrary by the large Many of these families still live in battered no bargaining power between employees and growers. automobiles or shacks on ditch-banks in the employers over wages and working condi­ Perhaps of even greater importance is "grapes of wrath" fashion of the 1930's. tions. From here on there'll be a competitive the manner in which Mr. Wirtz' trip A score of States, mainly in the West, have factor in the situation." Inade extensive use of alien labor, chiefly "Under Public Law 78," he continued, "at dramatized the miserable conditions that Mexican braceros, imported annually by the least one-fifth of California agricultural work farm workers -are subjected. It is in­ hundreds of thousands on grounds of domes­ was performed by single individuals, from a credible that in the middle of the 20th tic labor shortages. foreign country, living apart from their fam­ century farmworkers in America are This importation was ended by law Decem­ ilies, in a network of bachelor labor camps. treated on many large farms no better ber 31. Since then there has been mount- In the future this portion of the work March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6277 well be performed by people of this country With considerable frankness many said the remember that, although this Nation does who travel with their families. " Mexicans wor'ked harder and didn't talk have industrial and human slums, they "There will be problems of providing fam­ back. can be multiplied a thousandfold by every ily housing, and such things as schools, It became clear to him also that the grow­ churches and other community facilities. ers value greatly their lack of responslbillty other section of the world. We are say­ But it's clearly within the area of achievable for their workers. Braceros have been com­ ing: "Get out beyond the smokestacks accomplishment," he said. ing to California when needed, collecting and see 'America the Beautiful.' It is "There is no question whatsoever," Mr. pay at times agreeable to the growers and there, it is real, and it is deep in the Wirtz said, "that we can end the anomaly, meekly going home when not wanted. To hearts of all Americans." the paradox of there being 400,000 to 500,000 ' opponents of the system, this is "renting I think those writers would do well to unemployed in Oalifornia and there still be­ slaves" as opposed to southern slave hold­ recall that, at the time I introduced my ing difficulty recruiting labor for farms." ing, which demanded year-round support. resolution, serious consideration was be­ The normal farm employment in California The Secretary also found in the corporate at this time of the year is around 275,000. farmers a remarkable power of detachment ing given to some very drastic restric­ Against this, Mr. Wirtz observed that there from the problem of California's 400,000 un­ tions on foreign travel by Americans. I were pending only three emergency applica­ employed. This detachment ls accompanied rejected this approach as not being con­ tions for supplementary alien labor-which by demands upon the Federal Government sistent with our traditional concepts of he can still authorize under section 414- for help with their labor situation. freedom of travel, and instead offered a totaling only about 8,000 workers. Yet this 1& territory where Washington is truly voluntary program involving better These applications report shortages for regarded as the enemy and welfare with all promotion of the benefits of domestic 5,100 workers for lettuce harvesting around its costs ls considered a foible on the part Salinas, 2,900 for tomatoes around Stockton, of politicians. The theory accepted by most travel. There was even concern in some and 250 for date-palm pollination at Indio. of Industry that its workers are also its con­ quarters that we might offend by this Department of Labor officials and growers' sumers has not trickled down. mild program. It would make as much representatives will discuss these areas this Bracero employment at its peak was only sense to suggest that American auto week in Washington. 65,000. Wirtz is not convinced that more manufacturers stop their advertising Mr. Wirtz's tour took him from the aspara­ could not be done to tap the pool of the idle, programs because it off ends the makers gus ranches of northern California to the though it ls, of course, not easy to trans­ of Volkswagens. citrus groves around Los Angeles and the plant city dwellers, however destitute, to the I am elated and greatly encouraged by various crops of the Imperial Valley, where hard manual labor of the farm. lettuce alone brought in $39 million last Wirtz has a.ces In the hole, including con­ recent developments, and by the obvious year to a small number of ranchers. gressional sanction. The President's war on support that the President is giving the program. President Johnson has as­ HEARS BOTH SIDES poverty does not contemplate exemptions that would relieve special groups from re­ signed the Vice President to head up a From employers Mr. Wirtz heard countless sponslbillty for putting Americans to work task force to carry out the provisions of explanations of why U.S. citizens could not and lightening relief costs. Wirtz has re­ the resolution. At a meeting of the Mag­ do the stoop labor on farms, although a good ports showing that California used 10,000 deal of it admittedly has been done by them azine Publishers! Association last week, I foreign wor'kers in January and February heard Mr. HUMPHREY make a most elo­ all along, and how the domestic labor supply last year and none this year. Yet there have was undependable. been no significant losses. quent plea for promotion of travel in the From workers he heard equally numerous Perhaps the major Importance of the Sec­ United States. I know of no one who is accounts of having been denied jobs, up to retary's lonely pilgrimage ls that it brings more dedicated to the better knowledge January, in favor of aliens, and of wages him-and through him the President-face and understanding of our great American below the subsistence level. to face with the realities of the poverty war. heritage of beauty and history than is "I observed that the most serious reports of There will be other engagements of this na­ labor turnover came from farm operations our Vice President. Under his able di­ ture where the Immediate economics of a rection I have every confidence that the where conditions were bad," he commented, situation ls made the paramount issue. "and the fewest complaints from places that "See the U.S.A." program will accomplish obviously were well operated." · the objectives that I had hoped for and A memorable vignette occurred as the SEE THE U.S.A. which the Congress supported. Other Secretary surveyed asparagus harvesting in indications of strong administration sup­ northern California. Mr. MCCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, I ask port have recently been heard from the "Where are the toilets?" he asked. unanimous consent that the gentleman new Secretary of Commerce, John Con­ The ranch owner blurted out in astonish­ from Oregon [Mr. ULLMAN] may extend nors, and from the Secretary of the ment: "What toilets?" his remarks at this Point in ithe RECORD Interior, Stewart Udall. WmTZ' LONELY BATTLE ON POVERTY and include extraneous matter. I applaud all of these as a healthy (By Doris Fleeson) The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there indication of a revitalized concern over objection to the request of the gentleman Minus bands, television, or even a theme the roll that the imbalance in tourism song, Secretary of Labor W. Willard Wirtz ls from New York? has played in our gold outflow. There fighting a battle for human rights in terri­ There was no objection. is no other method of relieving our bal­ tory as obs1tinately hostile to the goals of Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, in Au­ ance-of-payments deficit that will bring the Great Society as is the Deep South. gust of 1964, House Joint Resolution 658 with it so many attending benefits. Wirtz is slogging through some of the was enacted and signed by the President. We are not asking that Americans richest farmlands in the United States, As the sponsor of the resolution, I con­ forgo all foreign travel, but merely that listening to the complaints of its corporate sidered it a promising vehicle for accom­ they devote more of their travel dollars owners that they cannot harvest their crops plishing two important objectives: first, and more of their vacation time to travel without the transient Mexican labor they a better understanding by Americans of call "braceros." This ls big, rich California, within the United States. How much which likes to think it leads the civil rights the country they live in; and second, better prepared they will then be as am­ parade. slowing the mounting deficit in our bal­ bassadors of good will throughout the The braceros a.re one pocket of poverty ance of payments attributable to foreign world. Recently, I have read the words Congress banned after a long struggle. Last travel. of columnists poking fun at American year it cut off the importation of braceros This joint resolution, as many of my tourist meccas-comparing them un­ and Wirtz, obedient 'to their word, took ap­ colleagues will remember, was an expres­ favorably with Paris, Rome, and some of propriate action. Last January l, he ruled sion of Congress encouraging Americans the other more papular tourist objectives that foreign workers could not be imported unless it could be proved that domestic to travel in United States and authorizing in Europe. That is like comparing apples labor could not be had if offered a decent the President to appaint a national chair­ with oranges. wage and good working conditions. He also man to assist in coordinating the efforts How much better a person can enjoy fixed pay standards of $1.25 an hour, to rise of private business and industry in Paris after having seen New Orleans, or in April to $1.40 an hour in conformity with carrying out the intent of the resolution. the Alps after having seen America's national minimum wage standards. The program became known as "See the western mountains. I wonder how many The growers, despite their advance notice U.S.A." American tourists abroad have been of the shape of things to come, promptly asked to compare the Louvre with our set up a clamor that impressed State poli­ Some travel writers and intellectual ticians, who in turn appealed to the White sophisticates have taken the oppartunity own great musewns, and have had to ad.. House. Hence Wirtz' journey. to make this legislative child of mine an mit that they have never visited an art On his first day this week Wirtz discovered object of satire and sarcasm. We should museum before arriving in Paris? How to his astonishment that the growers com­ always keep our sense of humor about many have had to tell inquiring Euro­ plained little about the higher pay scale. America's shortcomings, but they should peans that they have never visited some CXI--398 6278 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 of the greatest natural wonders in the all-visitor and entrepreneur alike. A field director in Detroit of the Office of Man­ world-the Grand Canyon, Glacier Na­ major objective should be the construc­ power, Automation, and Training of the Labor Department. tional Park, or Crater Lake? Can you tion of adequate resort facilities He said 2,101 persons in Michigan com­ imagine a Frenchman who has never seen throughout scenic America. pleted training last year and that 1,710 of the Eifel Tower, or an Italian who has In closing, I want to say that I am them found jobs. not visited the Roman amphitheater? proud of the part I played in getting this HUGE INCREASE Mr. Speaker, I see this resolution and program underway. My resolution, The 1,700 represent a 400-percent increase the resulting "See the U.S.A." program as House Joint Resolution 658, was intro­ over 1963, he said. a great opportunity for America to over­ duced in July 1963 in answer to Presi­ Women are well represented in the train­ come the inferiority complex that we evi­ dent Kennedy's message to Congress on ing classes. There were 1,461 women trainees dently feel about promoting our own rich the balance of payments. It was ap­ last year in Michigan out of a total enroll­ history and unparalleled beauty. Much proved by the Judiciary Committee under ment of 3,755 unemployed persons. needs to be done, but we are here pro­ the able direction of the distinguished Another type of training program that ap­ vided with the vehicle to get the job chairman, the gentleman from New York peals to auto plant workers fearful of losing underway. One of the most significant their jobs as a result of automation also is [Mr. CELLER] and our now-retired col­ taking hold, particularly in the Detroit area. benefits that I am able to foresee is an league, Mr. Forrester, of Georgia. The It is on-the-job training and is designed awakening within the domestic tourist House passed it in December of 1963. It to upgrade the skills of workers whose jobs industry to the changing desires and languished in the Senate committee for are threatened in the auto plants. Such needs of the traveling public, which will many months before receiving a new training, also financed under the Manpower lead to an improved accommodations and breath of life and going to its final pas­ Act, is supervised by the Bureau of Appren­ higher standards of service. Another sage. I had great hopes then, Mr. ticeship and Training of the Labor Depart­ benefit could be the development of a Speaker, for the success of the "See the ment. new concept of "traveling packaging" in U.S.A." campaign, and though that hope FIRST IN THE NATION the United States. My distinguished col­ has sometimes wavered, I feel confident One of the outstanging training projects league, the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. in expressing to you today my optimism in this field in the Detroit area is conducted CHARLES A. VANIK], referred last week to that we are on our way toward making jointly by Local 412 of the UAW, the Chrysler the fact that airlines charge considerably Corp., and the Bureau. travel in America a pastime that is both More than a year ago local 412, in coopera­ more per mile for travel within the enjoyable and respectable. tion with the Bureau, opened the first union­ United States than for the same kind of sponsored training center in the Nation to travel abroad. The travel package would train plant workers for white-collar jobs. give incentive to airlines and other trans­ MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT AND The success of these classes in clay modeling, portation mediums to institute service TRAINING ACT PARES UNEM- mechanical drafting, and graphic 1llustrating that is appropriate to the various needs PLOYMENT led to a new training project just announced by the Labor Department. of the public-in price, scheduling, and Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, I ask degree of personal service. In the new 33-week classes, 40 workers will unanimous consent that the gentleman learn production deta111ng, 20 will study To help bring this about, Mr. Speaker, from Michigan [Mr. O'HARA] may ex­ graphic 1llustrating, and 20 will be taught I am encouraging the adoption of the tend his remarks at this point in the clay modeling. Local 412 will be reimbursed three-point program to bring about a RECORD and include extraneous mrutter. $19,190 for training costs from U.S. funds. better understanding between Govern­ The SPEAKER pro temPore. Is there TRAINING SPREADS ment and private industry of the partic­ objection to the request of the gentleman "Sometimes we have difficulty persuading ular needs in these areas. I am propos­ from New York? workers to enroll even though their jobs may ing this program for consideration by There was no objection. ultimately be eliminated by automation,'' Vice President HUMPHREY and his Task Mr. O'HARA of Michigan. Mr Ray SulUvan, president of the local, said. Force on Travel, and hope that my col­ Speaker, the 87th Congress can be proud "The starting wage rates on new jobs are leagues will also see the merit in this ap­ of its record if for no other reason than sometimes below the hourly rates on the jobs proach to a nagging problem. they hold." the enactment of the Manpower Devel­ The on-the-job-training classes are spread­ First. I propose that the President call opment and Training Act. This act is for regional travel conferences with ing, the Labor Department said. beginning to see the fruits of the efforts A contract has just been signed by the State travel promotion officials, local that went into its birth. Artistic Furniture Co. here with the Bureau chambers of commerce, travel organiza­ In many parts of the Nation, we are of Apprenticeship calling for training of 16 tions, tourist industry representatives, seeing the effects of this bill in reduced unemployed persons and 4 employees of the and every segment of private business unemployment. True we still have a company. affected by tourism to develop a con­ long way to go. The proposed amend­ WILL PAY TRAINEES certed plan of promotion and to begin a ments to the Manpower Development The Bureau said half the group will be voluntary program of improvement in and Training Act, which are scheduled trained for 10 weeks as operators of machines standards of service. sewing upholstery fabric. The other half will to be before the House this week, repre­ study upholstering for 28 weeks, after which Second. I urge that private industry sent another step in the right direction. and business associations themselves they should qualify as apprentices. The Detroit News, in an article by Mr. The firm will be reimbursed $5,144 from stress in their publications and in their Asher Lauren in its edition of Sunday, U .s. funds for training costs, the Bureau said. services to members that a good neighbor March 7, details how the Manpower De­ The company, in turn, w111 pay the trainees Policy be instituted on the American velopment and Training Act has helped $27,000 in wages during the training periods, scene. An American should be made "make a sizable dent in the ranks of the the Bureau added. to feel at home in his own country, and jobless." These training classes differ from youth the hand of welcome and friendship training programs and others authorized un­ should be readily extended to foreign For those who may have some doubts der the Economic Opportunities Act of 1964. in their minds about the program au­ visitors. thorized by the Manpower and Develop­ Third. Mr. Speaker, I urge that new NEW ERA IN FARM LABOR concepts of management be incorporated ment and Training Act, I urge that they into the public sector of recreation. Ad­ read the following article: Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, I ask ministrators on every level of govern­ JOB TRAINING PARES STATE'S IDLE TOLL unanimous consent that the gentleman ment--local, State, and Federal-should (By Asher Lauren) from California [Mr. CoHELAN] may ex­ exercise imagination in the enhancement Government training programs in Michigan tend his remarks at this point in the of these natural recreation resources that are starting to make a sizable dent in the RECORD and include extraneous matter. contribute so much to the novelty and. ranks of the jobless. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there beauty of America. Innovation should The Labor Department reported Saturday objection to the request of the gentleman that more than 1,700 unemployed got jobs from New York? be a byword rather than something to be in fiscal 1964, which ended in June, after feared. Barriers to cooperation between learning new skills under training programs There was no objection. private business and public agencies :financed through the Manpower Development Mr. COHELAN. Mr. Speaker, after 4 should be broken down, but rules for the and Training Act. days of field inspections, of meetings with preservation of esthetic· values must be Nationally, 115,000 persons qualified for the both growers and workers, Secretary of maintained for the mutual benefit of courses in 1964, according to Elmer L. Babb, Labor Willard Wirtz has quite correctly March 29, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6279 reaffirmed the decision of Congress in tea's highly profitable corporate farms will total volume of California's agricultural out­ ending Public Law 78; of ending the day cease to be "sweatshops in the sun" and no put amounts to $3.5 billion a year. Earn­ when the farming industry can count on shadow of excuse wm exist for the mass im­ ings estimates are hard to come by but some port of cheap foreign labor. farm economists put the State's net earn­ a guaranteed, Government-sponsored ings after taxes on farm products as high supply of cheap, captive, cutrate foreign [From the Washington (D.C.), Post, Mar. 29, as $1 billion annually-a return of nearly 30 farm labor. 1965] percent on sales. And this figure averages As the New York Times pointed out the bad years in with the good. in an editorial on March 27: WmTz's DECISION JOLTS GROWERS IN In many ways the farm economy here re­ CALIFORNIA sembles American industrial development a Every device short of outright refusal to (By Frank C. Porter) accept domestic farmworkers has been used century and more ago when wave after wave to discredit the Labor Department's recruit­ Los ANGELES, March 28.-As o. W. Fillerup, of foreign immigrants provided a source of ment efforts. of the Council of California Growers, was cheap and unorganized labor for the New leaving the Hyatt House Hotel at Salinas last England mills. No other industry in the Frank Porter, reporting on the Secre­ Wednesday a broadly grinning associate came United States-not steel, not autos, not coal tary's factft.nding trip to California has up and put a hand on his shoulder. mining-receives the special consideration stated: "Well, I think we saved the day," said the given agriculture in the past decade as re­ associate. gards importation of labor. In many ways the farm economy here re­ The day referred to is the day of the Change is in the air. sembles American industrial development a bracero, legislatively terminated when Con­ century and more ago when wave after wave gress let Public Law 78 die on December 31. [From the New York Times, Mar. 29, 1965] of foreign immigrants provided a source of Fillerup had just presided over a 3-hour DAY OF ALIEN LABOR OVER, WIRTZ TELLS COAST cheap and unorganized labor for the New presentation in which a dozen allies from England mills. No other industry in the FARMER--GROWERS MUST COMPETE FOR DO­ canning, food processing, transport, and MESTIC WORKERS, HE SAYS MTER TOUR United States-not steel, not autos, not coal banking industries and the Teamsters Union mining-receives the special consideration sought to persuade Labor Secretary W. Will­ (By Gladwin Hill) given agriculture in the past decade as re­ ard Wirtz that the California economy would Los ANGELES, March 28.---Secreta.ry of Labor gards importation of labor. go to pot without importation of Mexican W. Willard Wirtz has proclaimed the advent And among his other statements re­ workers. of a new era in a major segment of Ameri­ Fillerup's friend obviously thought the can agriculture. ported in the New York Times of March Secretary had been persuaded. But inside Mr. Wirtz declared this weekend, after 29, Secretary Wirtz has made it clear the motel's opulent bar, other colleagues making a 4-day investigation of California's that: were less sanguine. vast farming industry, that the day of a There is no question whatsoever that we Their misgivings were substantiated last Government-sponsored "guaranteed and a&~ can end the anomaly, the paradox of there night when Wirtz, just before flying back to sured" farm labor supply, through the ~· being 400,000 to 500,000 unemployed in Cali­ Washington from Los Angeles, bluntly de­ sonal importation of cut-rate alien field fornia and there still being diftlculty recruit­ clared, "the bracero program is over." hands, was over. ing labor for farms. Henceforth, he said, agriculture will have LIMITED USE to get its workers through direct wage com­ Mr. Speaker, I urge that these articles He did indicate there might be some lim­ petition in the domestic labor market. be read by all who are concerned with ited spot use of braceros to ease the transition He predicted that even major increases in this problem: to 100 percent domestic labor. Under Public farm wages would bring only insignificant in­ Law 414, the Secretary may certify importa­ [From the New York Times, Mar. 27, 1965] creases in retail food prices. tion of foreign workers when insufficient To facilitate this far-reaching transition SQUEEZE ON THE MIGRANTS Americans are available at fair rates of pay to domestic labor, Mr. Wirtz indicated that After years of successful sabotage by the and under adequate working conditions. he was strongly inclined to press for two corporate farm lobby, Congress finally was But this is not what the growers wanted. innovations long considered radical in agri­ able to slam the door last December 31 on the They were shooting for the resumption of a cultural economics: A national minimum legal importation of hundreds of thousands program under which Mexican nationals ac­ wage and unemployment insurance for farm of low-wage Mexican laborers to harvest counted for one-fifth of the State's farm­ workers. labor needs. American crops. Now California growers are MINIMUM WAGE STUDIED engaged in a callous, rear-guard action to re­ Wirtz has consistently argued that suffi­ cient domestic workers can be found if com­ The Secretary is also considering the devel­ open the migration floodgates and thus to opment, under Federal-State auspices, of a condemn American farmworkers to continued petition is allowed to return to the farm la­ bor market, if reasonable wages are paid and national network of trailer parks, with full exploitation. community fac111ties, as bases from which Every device short of outright refusal to if decent housing and food are maintained for field hands. He considers it an anoxnaly migrant farm-worker fam111es could follow accept domestic farmworkers has been used the crop cycle and live decently. to discredit the Labor Department's recruit­ that a State with 400,000 unemployed should import 100,000 Mexican laborers. Many of these families stm live in bat­ ment efforts. The growers' aim is to prove tered automobiles or shacks on ditch banks that crops will rot if Secretary Wirtz does not Though Wirtz went out of his way to praise working conditions on some farms, the former in the "Grapes of Wrath" fashion of the authorize the emergency admission of large 1930's. numbers of braceros from Mexico. State labor law professor was outraged· at the officials already have thrown their support misery and squalor in which many of the A score of States, mainly in the West, have behind the farmowners in the Salinas area, laborers live in the midst of a booming made extensive use of alien labor, chiefly and pressure for a wholesale breakthrough is economy. Mexican "braceros," imported annually by mounting in the rest of California. He got his back up when canning execu­ the hundreds of thousands on grounds or domestic labor shortages. Thus far Mr. Wirtz has stood fast-as he tives threatened to move their operations to should. He is making a personal inspection Mexico, throwing thousands of Americans out This importation was ended by law Decem­ of the obstacles to getting enough workers of work, unless the flow of braceros is re­ ber 31. Since then there has been mounting in California. Already he has discovered that sumed. Later he said their argument "leaves clamor from farm quarters, and pressures one answer is the survival of abysmal living me cold." on Congress and the administration, to re­ conditions in some migrant labor camps. He MESSAGE CLEAR vive the traffic. said the filth at one camp near Salinas made When he left Los Angeles, Wirtz• message The system has long been opposed by or­ him "ashamed" that anything so bad existed to the growers was clear: Treat your domestic ganized labor and social welfare organiza­ in America. workers right and you will never lack for tions as a wage-cutting device. The so­ In line with his duty under the general them. And if you don't treat them right, called shortages of domestic labor, in the immigration law, Mr. Wirtz has held hearings there will be no certification of foreign work­ face of large-scale unemployments, have and established $1.40 an hour as the prevail­ ers to ease the transition. Higher wages may been attributed to farm employer's refusal ing rate California growers must offer domes­ mean some slight increase in retail prices but to offer enough pay as long as they could tic laborers before he wm certify any short­ the American housewife should be willing to get dollar-an-hour alien labor. age requiring the importation of foreign pay a half-cent more for a head of lettuce to LITTLE DISRUPTION SEEN help. This wage standard is scheduled to improve the lot of farm labor, he indicated. Mr. Wirtz concluded that in California, become effective April 1, and certainly no The California growers, of course, cannot the biggest agricultural State and the big­ need for braceros should be assumed until be blamed for trying to preserve the status gest user of braceros (Spanish idiom for it has had a comprehensive test. And, if this quo. The braceros were a source of cheap, manual laborers), the shift to domestic labor wage proves insufficiently attractive, there is etncient, docile labor. Unionization ls ex­ had been effected thus far with minimal dis­ no reason why the law of supply and de­ pected to accelerate as Americans take over ruption of farming, although there might be mand in the labor field should not bring a their jobs. Costs wm go up. Profits may be very limited and selective transitional needs higher one. shaved. for some aliens in this fall's harvest peak. Once growers are compelled to recognize But it is difficult to see catastrophe for the The Secretary presented his conclusions at the necessity for paying a living wage, Amer- growers if they follow Wirtz' advice. The an airport news conference last night as he 6280 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 headed back to Washington, his shoes Department of Labor officials and growers' not uniform or complete, in the quality daubed with mud from tramping through representatives will discuss these areas this of State bank supervision, the people of dozens of vegetable fields, fruit groves, and week in Washington. the United States have tended to look labor camps during a thousand-mile tour of Mr. Wirtz' tour took him from the as­ the State by plane and car. paragus ranches of northern California to upon banking institutions as being im­ In four 16-hour days, he talked wit h citrus groves around Los Angeles and the mune to failure. Such, of course, is not hundreds of workers, employers, and officials. various crops Of the Imperial Valley, where and has not been the case. It is true In collaboration with an entourage of Fed­ lettuce alone brought in $39 million la.st that in the light of experience prior to eral and State agricultural and labor experts, year to a sm.all number of ranches. 1932, the modern banking institutions he probed farm economics down to fractions HEARS BOTH smEs are comparatively unassailable bastions of a cent. of depository protection. There is still California's large-scale farm employers h ad From employers Mr. Wirtz heard countless hoped the visit would be an occasion for explanations of why U.S. citizens could not stupidity and cupidity at work in our continuation of the long-simmering argu­ do the "stoop labor" on farms, although a society and some of each gets into bank­ ment about the asserted indispensability of good deal of it admittedly has been done ing. To the great credit of our banks, a supplementary alien labor supply, which by them all along, and how the domestic their management, and to the credit of critics have likened to the garment indus­ labor supply was undependable. the agencies under which they operate, try's onetime dependence on a flow of immi­ From workers he heard equally numerous the impact of poor judgment and of grants from Europe. accounts of having been denied jobs, up to mischievous intent have been minimized. But Mr. Wirtz, aft er his investigation, re­ January, in favor of aliens, and of wages jected this notion as a dead issue. He em­ below the subsistence level. Currently our society is under terrific phasized that in terminating Public Law 78, "I observed that the most serious reports stress occasioned by the dynamics of which authorized federally regulated im­ of labor turnover came from farm operations growth and the dynamics of change. In portation of labor, Congress had expressed where conditions were bad," he commented, the climate of both, the quality of opera­ its will that this labor source be ended. "and the fewest complaints from places that tions from every activity within society The only question now, he said, is how to obviously were well operated." is challenged and threatened. This is achieve the transition to a stable, and eco­ A memorable vignette occurred as the nomically and socially satisfactory, domes­ Secretary surveyed asparagus harvesting in true of the American home as well as the tic supply. northern California. American bank. In the light of such The wm of Congress, he added, likewise "Where are the toilets?" he asked. challenge and change the stability and precluded reviving any large-scale admis­ The ranchowner blurted out in astonish­ dependability of our national banking sion of foreign labor under section 414 of the ment: "What toilets?" system is to be admired and appreciated. McCarran-Walter Immigration Act, on which There have been a number of head­ many farm employers have been pinning lines recently, calculated to implant the their hopes. · BANK PROBLEMS IN impression that bank regulation is in Under this provision, foreign labor can PERSPECTIVE enter the United States temporarily to work wild disarray; that banking is generally in a certain area if the Labor Department Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, I ask infused with unsound practices, and that agrees that the area has a labor shortage. unanimous consent that the gentleman politics has an unhealthy influence in "Some people have felt that section 414 from California [Mr. HANNA] may ex­ bank charters and bank regulation. would replace Public Law 78," Mr. Wirtz Facts to bear out any such impressions said. "It will not." tend his remarks at -this point in the "I see the situation moving from the re­ RECORD and include extraneous matter. are conspicuous in their scarcity or in criminations and absolutes of the last sev­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there their total absence. On the contrary, eral months of discussions," he said, "into a objection to the request of the gentleman evidence is clearly available to show that period where we face squarely the fact that from New York? banking had one of its most productive Public Law 78 has been terminated. What There was no objection. and profitable years last year. All signs lies ahead is a longer-range challenge to Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, since the are for another good year in 1965. To meet the changeover in California's agri­ maturing of the programs of the Federal set the true picture of bank failures into culture." perspective, we insert below the table of "A fully guaranteed, assured labor supply Deposit Insurance; the sophisticated re­ wm no longer be the case," Mr. Wirtz said. straints of the Federal Reserve System; bank failures for the period of 1952 "It will be up to employers, with the co­ the upgrading of criteria and require­ through March of 1965, as prepared and operation of public and private agencies, ments of the office of Comptroller of the released by the Comptroller of the to provide adequate incentives. A basic de­ Currency, and the improvement, albeit Currency: cision implicit in the action of Congress was that labor should find its price on a com­ U.S. commercial bank failures, 1952-65 1 petitive basis." He declared, "There has been substantially Number of bank failures Bank failure rate per Business no bargaining power between employees and 10,000 banks failure employers over wages and working condi­ Year rate per tions. From here on there'll be a competitive 10,000 N ational State State non- Total National State firms factor in the situation." insured "Under Public Law 78,'' he continued, "at insured insured least one-fifth of California agricultural work was performed by single individuals, from a 1952______0 3 1 4 0 3. 5 28. 7 1953______0 2 I 3 0 2. 3 33.2 foreign country, living apart from their fami­ 1954______0 2 2 4 0 2.3 42. 0 lies, in a network of bachelor labor camps. 1955______2 3 0 5 4.3 3. 5 41.6 1956______1 2. 2 I. 2 48.0 In the future this portion of the work wm be 1957 ______0 1 1 3 performed by people of this country who 1 1 2 0 1. 2 51. 7 1958------I 3 5 9 2. 2 3.5 55.9 travel with their families." 1959______0 3 0 3 0 3. 5 51.8 "There will be problems of providing family 1960______0 I 1 2 0 1. 2 57.0 housing, and such things as schools, 1961______2 3 4 9 4.4 3. 5 64.4 churches, and other community facilities 1962______0 0 2 2 0 0 60.8 1963______0 2 0 2 0 2. 3 56.3 but it's clearly within the area of achievable 1964______1 6 1 8 2.1 6.9 53.2 accomplishment," he said. 1965 (2 months) ______2 2 ------24 ------"There is no question whatsoever," Mr. 1 ~~~~· 1 -~~~- 1 -~~~- 1 -~~~~1~~~~ 1 ~~~~·1-~~~ Wirtz said, "that we can end the anomaly, TotaL _ ------9 32 19 60 ------the paradox of there being 400,000 to 500,000 unemployed in California and there still 1 For insured banks, the :figures show the number of cases requiring FDIC disbursem en ts. For noninsured banks, being difficulty recruiting labor for farms." the figures show the number of cases described by the FDIC as "noninsured bank failures." The normal farm employment in California 2 F ailures of noninsured banks are not included in the first 2 months of 1965. at this time of the year ls around 275,000. Sources: FDIC, annual report, 1952 through 1963, for bank data for those years. Bank data for 1964 and 1965 from Against this, Mr. Wirtz observed that there FDIC, "Report to the Comptroller of the Currency of Liquidation and Insurance Expenses, Nov. 30, 1964," and were pending only 3 emergency applica­ supplement. Business failure data from "Economic Report of the President, 1965." tions for supplementary alien labor-which should be. The failure rates of 2.1 per he can still authorize under section 414-to­ As can be seen by the table, the num­ taling only about 8,000 workers. ber of State-chartered banks failing far 10,000 national banks and 6.9 per 10,000 These applications report shortages of outnumbers those of national orgin. insured State banks in 1964, may be 5,100 workers for lettuce harvesting around However, taken together, the figures are compared with business failure rates of Salinas, 2,900 for tomatoes around Stockton, favorable when compared with general 53.2 per 10,000 firms. It would be foolish and 250 for date-palm pollination at Indio. business failures as, of course, they and irresponsible to just shrug o:ff recent March 29, 1965 ,CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 6281 bank failures. The increased agitation Your recognition of the need for public House of Representatives, be printed in and friction over Federal supervision is notice advertising in helping solve a prob­ the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. also a significant problem. lem created by change in ownership on na­ tional banks is indicative of the value of THE CHALLENGE OF WATER CONSERVATION These problems are best understood in this means of communicating vital informa­ (By Congressman JOHN A. BLATNIK, Chair­ the light of the change James Saxon tion to the public. man, Committee on Industrial and Munici­ wrought by his fresh approach and new The fact that nearly everybody in this pal Water Use and Pollution Abatement) programs for the banking community. country reads a newspaper has made public The basic tenet of the National Rivers and What is interpreted by some as a cha­ notice advertising in newspapers of general Harbors Congress philosophy is the adequate, otic condition is merely the fact that old circulation the accepted means of informing orderly, and prudent development of the use, policies and old guidelines are no longer the public. control, and conservation of national water predictable patterns in the face of the It wm be my privilege to send a copy of resources. It is a philosophy of conserving new philosophy. The Comptroller, bet­ your announced amendment to the Regula­ for future generations, of utilizing for our tions of December 1962 regarding national present generation, of harnessing the forces ter and clearer than any other source, banks to the six members of the NEA public of nature to effectively serve mankind, and has spoken out his basic belief and the notice committee for their individual com­ of preserving the delicate balance of nature foundation for his program of change. ment to you. from destruction by those who see only the We quote him from his recent testimony Sincerely, immediate gain. And within the scope of before a Senate committee and ask that THEODORE A. SERRILL. this Committee on Industrial and Municipal Water Use and Pollution Abatement are some his actions be judged in the light of the Mr. Speaker, we know that the time merit and soundness of his expressed be­ of the most vital aspects of water resources of growth is the time of opportunity. development. liefs: But not always are we prepared with The problems of water conservation have The single fact to bear in mind throughout management and skill to meet the de­ become more acute as our population rapidly 1s that we live in a private enterprise econ­ mands of growth and this poses a prob­ expands and as our consumer-oriented so­ omy. This means that we place primary re­ lem. The need for change threatens sta­ ciety makes greater and greater demands on liance on the individual to choose his own existing supplies. From 1946 to 1963 our occupation, to spend his income as he wishes, bility and the possibility of carefully population increased 50 m1111on. In the next and to undertake such ventures as he cares controlling all aspects of action are less 10 years the increase will be the equivalent of to risk. The presumption is against govern­ present. In the face of fuller opportu­ adding to our country the population of New mental restriction of this free discretion un­ nity and less stable conditions, the un­ York and Pennsylvania. less there is a clear public need which the desirable elements see great advantage Water is the key to our future, and we Government can satisfy better than the in­ and to the degree there is vulnerability must expand all efforts to protect and utilize dividual. they will attack. Their presence in a this vital resource. Water usage is expanding These precepts have a particular bearing at a phenomenal rate, at an even greater rate on the basis, and the bounds, of public regu­ few places is to be deplored and the early than the expansion of the population. In lation of banking. expulsion of their influence is to be de­ 1900 Americans were using 40 b1llion gallons Under our public policy, we control entry sired. The bad and sometimes illegal per day. In 1963 this figure rose to 355 bil­ into banking, and we place ce,rtain limits on practices they engender stand as a threat lion gallons per day. By the year 2000 our the operating powers of bankers. In ad­ to the money market. The examples of needs will be 1 tr1llion gallons per day in the ministering these restrictions, the banking the damage they have created in several face of an available supply of only slightly agencies have certain discretionary authority. banks reflects widely against the good more than half that amount. Thus, we must When we place this fact in the context of a name of banking and its position of intensify our efforts to abate water pollution basic public policy which favors individual to permit reuse of water on a far larger scale initiative, it seems clear that the banking solid confidence with the American pub­ than practiced today. agencies should exercise their discretionary lic. No stone should be left unturned In 1956 Congress initiated and passed the powers in a way which will avert needless in rooting out such persons and such in- Federal Water Pollution Control Act provid­ impediments to the initiative and enterprise fluences. · ing for grants-in-aid for construction of mu­ of the individual banker. On the other hand the growth has not nicipal waste treatment facilities, Federal This is the principle we have followed in stopped and the instability created by enforcement actions in pollution cases, and a the reforms we have undertaken. Our aim change has not subsided. In this situa­ variety of cooperative Federal-State programs has been to make the National Banking Sys­ tion let us not look to personalities but to combat pollution. In 1961 amendments tem a more effective servant of the people. to the Pollution Control Act were enacted, We have soughrt this objective by enlarging to principles to adjust to the growth and and since that time 16 enforcement actions the operating discretion of bankers, by re­ reestablish stability. The Comptroller have been undertaken as the first step in sponding more sensitively to the demands for has not been always right, and never per­ cleaning up thousands of miles of polluted additional banking facilities, and by pur­ fect, which is only to say that he is hu­ streams. suing a full disclosure policy. man. He is following a course based on The States and local interests have pri­ a commitment to certain principles he mary responsibllities for the development of It is our observation that Mr. Saxon has announced and, I believe, aJttemp,ted water supplies for domestic, municipal, in­ has been following with the acts of his dustrial, and other purposes. The role of office the principles for which he stands. to follow. Those who would be critical the Federal dovernment is one of coopera­ For example, on the 19th of March this should debate the merits of his principles tion and support, for it is the declared year, he released proposed regulations and objectively measure the actions of policy of the Congress in the Federal Water dealing with the full disclosure and pub­ his office. At the same time, friend and Pollution Control Act to recognize, preserve, lic notice of changes in control of bank adversary alike should seek the best solu­ and protect the primary responsibiUties and tions to carry an important, even vital, rights of the States in preventing and con­ management. In doing so he follows a economic activity through the trouble of trolling water pollution. long line of respectable tradition of re­ our times. Construction of municipal waste treat­ taining maximum judgment in the ment facllities, which was barely chugging hands of business leaders with public along at the rate of $222 m1llion per year be­ concern being protected by full disclo­ THE CHALLENGE OF WATER fore passage of the 1956 act, has increased sure. We ask that a letter of commen­ CONSERVATION since then to $820 million in 1963. Signifi­ dation to the Comptroller from the Na­ cantly, $170 million of that amount was gen­ tional Editorial Association be set forth Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, I ask erated by the Accelerated Public Works Act, unanimous consent that the gentleman which has helped many communities to ob­ below marking the public acknowledg­ tain such facilities, which th.ey otherwise ment of the wisdom of such a move: from Maryland [Mr. FAL·LON] may ex­ tend his remarks at this point in the might not afi'm-d. Without an extension of NATIONAL EDITORIAL ASSOCIATION, the APW program we will suffer a. shaq> set­ Washington, D.C., March 23, 1965. RECORD and include extraneous matt&. back in our efforts to keep current in con­ Mr. ROBERT BLOOM, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there struotion of waste tr,eatment facilities. Comptroller of the Currency, objection to ·the request of the gentleman In spite of the remarkable progress to date, U.S. Treasury, Washington, D.C. from New York? we are barely keeping up with our needs­ DEAR MR. BLOOM: On behalf of the Na­ There was no objection. much remains to be done. There are still tional Editorial Association may I state.that over 3,000 communities and uncounted in­ the members of this associaition-represent­ Mr. FALLON. Mr. Speaker, I ask dustries discharging untreated or inade­ lng more than 6,500 weekly and dally news­ unanimous consent that the very excel­ quately treated sewage into our streams. paper publications-feel that the omce of lent statement by my colleague, Con­ Further, there are 2,746 unsewered com­ the Comptroller of the Currency has taken a gressman JOHN A. BLATNIK, chairman of munities with almost 6 million persons, re­ step that will receive commendation from the Subcommittee on Rivers and Har­ quiring sewer systems. Ground water pol­ the press of this country. bors, Committee on Public Works of the lution is among the serious problems which 6282 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE March 29, 1965 result from individual disposal units in areas LEAVE OF ABSENCE transmitting a report on defense procure­ lacking sewer systems. It is estimated that ment from small and other business firms for the cost of meeting our present needs for By unanimous consent leave of ab­ the period July 1964 to January 1965, pur­ municipal sewage treatment facilities is ex­ sence was granted as follows to: suant to section lO(d) of the Small Business cess of $2 billion. In addition, the abate­ Mr. WATKINS

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

Tax Relief Proposal for Low-Income but would be offset by a decrease in wel­ pendence of Russia and established the Families fare doles. There were 10,500,000 tax­ Byelorussian Republic. They formed payers in the poverty category who paid their own democratic government, began only $1.6 billion in taxes in 1962, about rebuilding their war-torn country and EXTENSION OF REMARKS 3.6 percent of the total individual income were doing their utmost to rebuild the OJ' tax collected for the year. shattered fabric of their social, economic, HON. CHARLES E. BENNETT This bill could take the place of a and political life. At the outset they major new spending program, for exam­ were faced with the numerous insur­ OF FLORIDA ple, the Appalachian bill or the proposed mountable difficulties, and· the defenses IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES new housing program, and make the in­ of the countty were in a sad state, wholly Monday, March 29, 1965 dividual less dependent on a paternal inadequate to protect it against its power­ Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, a tax Federal Government and more dependent ful foes. It became an easy prey for the reduction to a bare minimum to individ­ on himself. Red army of Communist Russia late in uals with low incomes as a substitute for Outgoing Secretary of the Treasury, 1918, and thus the Byelorussian people Federal doles and subsidies is what would Douglas Dillon, in his final public speech enjoyed their freedom for only a very be accomplished by legislation introduced last Friday urged a further tax reduction brief period before they were robbed of it. in the House of Representatives by me for the Nation's low-income families, But the idea of freedom has never de­ today. adding support to this legislation. serted the Byelorussian people, and they My bill would reduce the income tax to I am hopeful that the bill will have still cling to it in the firm hope that some $5 for those citizens classed in the poverty very early hearings and departmental day they will attain it in their historic status to eliminate the need for handouts reports, because it is vitally needed. homeland. Nearly half a century of from the Federal Government. Soviet domination has not caused despair This bill, amending the Internal Reve­ among the Byelorussians; they still feel nue Code of 1954 relating to income tax Byelorussian Independence Day that since theirs is a righteous and sacred on individuals, including married persons cause, it will in the end win out against filing joint returns, heads of households EXTENSION OF REMARKS Communist totalitarianism. On the 47th anniversary of Byelorussian inde­ and single persons, is a technically drawn OF bill to halt the tendency of Government pendence let us all hope and pray that to tax those low-income groups, while HON. JAMES ROOSEVELT their just cause will prevail against the keeping them in the subsidy and welfare OF CALIFORNIA forces of Communist oppression. class. · IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In drafting the legislation, the poverty class definition adopted by the adminis­ Monday, March 29, 1965 tration which includes those persons Mr. ROOSEVELT. Mr. Speaker, Byel­ Progressive Growers' Association making $3,000 or less annually was used. orussians are one of the little known Survey In taxing the person making $3,000 or Slavic peoples whose homeland in the less annually, the Federal Government is northwest of Russia and east of Poland going to the source of a man's livelihood, has been part of the Russian Empire for EXTENSION OF REMARKS and returning to him a dole or subsidy centuries. These sturdy and stout­ OF putting him squarely under the thumb hearted people, never numerous or strong of the "Great White Father." enough to cope with their more powerful HON. CHARLES S. GUBSER Rather than pay his rent or give him foes, the Russians in the east and the OF CALIFORNIA a welfare check, why not eliminate his in­ Poles in the west, had been overwhelmed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES come tax? My bill would accomplish this by the Russians. For centuries they en­ Nlonday,March 29, 1965 and also keep the principle of having dured all sorts of hardships under the every American wage earner pay at least cza1ist regime, and when that regime was Mr. GUBSER. Mr. Speaker, the Pro­ a minimum tax under the $5 feature of no more, they then saw their chance to gressive Growers' Association in my con­ this legislation. attain their national goal early in 1918. gressional district has just completed a The legislation would not cost the Fed­ On March 25 of that year Byelorussian survey of its membership of 700 farmers. eral Government a great deal of money, leaders proclaimed Byelorussia's inde- This survey shows that a drastic curtail-