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Commercial Space Transportation Developments and Concepts: Vehicles, Technologies and Spaceports
Commercial Space Transportation 2006 Commercial Space Transportation Developments and Concepts: Vehicles, Technologies and Spaceports January 2006 HQ003606.INDD 2006 U.S. Commercial Space Transportation Developments and Concepts About FAA/AST About the Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA/AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 49 United States Code, Subtitle IX, Chapter 701 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA/AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA/AST is directed to encour- age, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA/AST’s web site at http://ast.faa.gov. Federal Aviation Administration Office of Commercial Space Transportation i About FAA/AST 2006 U.S. Commercial Space Transportation Developments and Concepts NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. ii Federal Aviation Administration Office of Commercial Space Transportation 2006 U.S. Commercial Space Transportation Developments and Concepts Contents Table of Contents Introduction . .1 Significant 2005 Events . .4 Space Competitions . .6 Expendable Launch Vehicles . .9 Current Expendable Launch Vehicle Systems . .9 Atlas 5 - Lockheed Martin Corporation . -
L AUNCH SYSTEMS Databk7 Collected.Book Page 18 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM Databk7 Collected.Book Page 19 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM
databk7_collected.book Page 17 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM CHAPTER TWO L AUNCH SYSTEMS databk7_collected.book Page 18 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM databk7_collected.book Page 19 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM CHAPTER TWO L AUNCH SYSTEMS Introduction Launch systems provide access to space, necessary for the majority of NASA’s activities. During the decade from 1989–1998, NASA used two types of launch systems, one consisting of several families of expendable launch vehicles (ELV) and the second consisting of the world’s only partially reusable launch system—the Space Shuttle. A significant challenge NASA faced during the decade was the development of technologies needed to design and implement a new reusable launch system that would prove less expensive than the Shuttle. Although some attempts seemed promising, none succeeded. This chapter addresses most subjects relating to access to space and space transportation. It discusses and describes ELVs, the Space Shuttle in its launch vehicle function, and NASA’s attempts to develop new launch systems. Tables relating to each launch vehicle’s characteristics are included. The other functions of the Space Shuttle—as a scientific laboratory, staging area for repair missions, and a prime element of the Space Station program—are discussed in the next chapter, Human Spaceflight. This chapter also provides a brief review of launch systems in the past decade, an overview of policy relating to launch systems, a summary of the management of NASA’s launch systems programs, and tables of funding data. The Last Decade Reviewed (1979–1988) From 1979 through 1988, NASA used families of ELVs that had seen service during the previous decade. -
NYC Aerospace Rocket Program
NYC Aerospace Rocket Program NYC Aerospace’s 100,000ft rocket program is committed to designing and manufacturing a sounding rocket to reach 100,000ft, above 99% of the atmosphere. The purpose of this mission is to research the applications of ammonium perchlorate composite propellant (APCP) to large rockets. Many future aerospace engineers have learned a great deal about rocketry from participating in this project, which is one of NYC Aerospace’s many projects involving students citywide. Rocket details Our goal is to send a single-stage rocket to 100,000ft using ammonium perchlorate composite propellant (APCP). In order to reach this altitude, the rocket will likely need to maintain structural integrity at velocities on the order of Mach 2 and above. Therefore, the rocket body will need to be made of a light metal such as aluminum or titanium. A metal body necessitates the capacity of the rocket motor to be in the O range of near 30,000Ns of impulse. Assuming a perfectly efficient motor, this requires around 30lb of propellant. We can calculate fuel fraction by first establishing our delta v budget. Δv = √2gz = √2(9.8m/s2)(30480m) =772m/s= mach 2.25 Using the delta v necessary, we can calculate the minimum fuel fraction using Tsiolkovsky’s ideal rocket equation. Assuming the specific impulse of our motor is 228s: m final Δv =− v eln m initial m final = exp(− 772/2280) = 0.71 m initial Thus, we only need 29% of our rocket to be fuel. This brings the max mass of our rocket to 103lb. -
Interstellar Probe on Space Launch System (Sls)
INTERSTELLAR PROBE ON SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM (SLS) David Alan Smith SLS Spacecraft/Payload Integration & Evolution (SPIE) NASA-MSFC December 13, 2019 0497 SLS EVOLVABILITY FOUNDATION FOR A GENERATION OF DEEP SPACE EXPLORATION 322 ft. Up to 313ft. 365 ft. 325 ft. 365 ft. 355 ft. Universal Universal Launch Abort System Stage Adapter 5m Class Stage Adapter Orion 8.4m Fairing 8.4m Fairing Fairing Long (Up to 90’) (up to 63’) Short (Up to 63’) Interim Cryogenic Exploration Exploration Exploration Propulsion Stage Upper Stage Upper Stage Upper Stage Launch Vehicle Interstage Interstage Interstage Stage Adapter Core Stage Core Stage Core Stage Solid Solid Evolved Rocket Rocket Boosters Boosters Boosters RS-25 RS-25 Engines Engines SLS Block 1 SLS Block 1 Cargo SLS Block 1B Crew SLS Block 1B Cargo SLS Block 2 Crew SLS Block 2 Cargo > 26 t (57k lbs) > 26 t (57k lbs) 38–41 t (84k-90k lbs) 41-44 t (90k–97k lbs) > 45 t (99k lbs) > 45 t (99k lbs) Payload to TLI/Moon Launch in the late 2020s and early 2030s 0497 IS THIS ROCKET REAL? 0497 SLS BLOCK 1 CONFIGURATION Launch Abort System (LAS) Utah, Alabama, Florida Orion Stage Adapter, California, Alabama Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle RL10 Engine Lockheed Martin, 5 Segment Solid Rocket Aerojet Rocketdyne, Louisiana, KSC Florida Booster (2) Interim Cryogenic Northrop Grumman, Propulsion Stage (ICPS) Utah, KSC Boeing/United Launch Alliance, California, Alabama Launch Vehicle Stage Adapter Teledyne Brown Engineering, California, Alabama Core Stage & Avionics Boeing Louisiana, Alabama RS-25 Engine (4) -
Aeronautical, Spacecraft, and Launch Vehicle Examples
The Value of Identifying and Recovering Lost GN&C Lessons Learned: Aeronautical, Spacecraft, and Launch Vehicle Examples Cornelius J. Qennehy 1 NASA Engineering and Safety Center (NESC) Steve Labbe2 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058 · Kenneth L. Lebsock3 Orbital Sciences Corporation, Technical Services Division, Greenbelt, MD 20770 Within the broad aerospace community the importance of identifying, documenting and widely sharing lessons learned during system development, flight test, operational or research programs/projects is broadly acknowledged. Documenting and sharing lessons learned helps managers and engineers to minimize project risk and improve performance of their systems. Often significant lessons learned on a project fail to get captured even though they are well known 'tribal knowledge" amongst the project team members. The physical act of actually writing down and documenting these lessons learned for the next generation of NASA GN&C engineers fails to happen on some projects for various reasons. In this paper we will first review the importance of capturing lessons learned and then wlll discuss reasons why some lessons are not documented. A simple proven approach called 'Pause and Learn' will be highlighted as a proven low-impact method of organizational learning that could foster the timely capture of critical lessons learned. Lastly some examples of "lost"GN&C lessons learned from the aeronautics, spacecraft and launch vehicle domains are briefly highlighted. In the context of this paper "lost" refers to lessons that have not achieved broad visibility within the NASA-wide GN&C CoP because they are either undocumented, masked or poorly documented in the NASA Lessons Learned Information System (LLIS). -
In This Issue
Vol. 38 No.12, September 2013 Editor: Jos Heyman FBIS In this issue: Satellite Update 4 Cancelled projects: Conestoga 5 News Ardusat 3 Arirang-5 7 Dnepr 1 7 Dream Chaser 7 Eutelsat and Satmex 2 Fermi 7 Gsat-14 7 HTV-4 3 iBall 3 Kepler 4 Orion 7 PicoDragon 3 Proton M 2 RCM 2 Russian EVAs 2 SARah 4 SGDC-1 4 SPRINT A 4 TechEdSat-3 3 WGS-6 4 HTV-4 Unpressurised Logistics Carrier with STP-H4 TIROS SPACE INFORMATION Eutelsat and Satmex 86 Barnevelder Bend, Southern River WA 6110, Australia Tel + 61 8 9398 1322 Eutelsat has acquired Mexico’s Satmex, a major communicaions satellite operator in the Latin (e-mail: [email protected]) American region. o o The Tiros Space Information (TSI) - News Bulletin is published to promote the scientific exploration and Satmex has currently three satellites in orbit at 113 W (Satmex-6), 114.9 W (Satmex-5) and commercial application of space through the dissemination of current news and historical facts. 116.8 oW (Satmex-8) and it can be expected that, once the acquisition has been completed, In doing so, Tiros Space Information continues the traditions of the Western Australian Branch of the these satellites will be renamed as part of the Eutelsat family. In addition Satmex has the Astronautical Society of Australia (1973-1975) and the Astronautical Society of Western Australia (ASWA) Satmex-7 and -9 satellites on order from Boeing. It is not clear whether these satellites will (1975-2006). remain on order. The News Bulletin can be received worldwide by e-mail subscription only. -
Los Motores Aeroespaciales, A-Z
Sponsored by L’Aeroteca - BARCELONA ISBN 978-84-608-7523-9 < aeroteca.com > Depósito Legal B 9066-2016 Título: Los Motores Aeroespaciales A-Z. © Parte/Vers: 1/12 Página: 1 Autor: Ricardo Miguel Vidal Edición 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 Los Motores Aeroespaciales, A-Z (The Aerospace En- gines, A-Z) Versión 12 2018 por Ricardo Miguel Vidal * * * -MOTOR: Máquina que transforma en movimiento la energía que recibe. (sea química, eléctrica, vapor...) Sponsored by L’Aeroteca - BARCELONA ISBN 978-84-608-7523-9 Este facsímil es < aeroteca.com > Depósito Legal B 9066-2016 ORIGINAL si la Título: Los Motores Aeroespaciales A-Z. © página anterior tiene Parte/Vers: 1/12 Página: 2 el sello con tinta Autor: Ricardo Miguel Vidal VERDE Edición: 2018-V12 = Rev. 01 Presentación de la edición 2018-V12 (Incluye todas las anteriores versiones y sus Apéndices) La edición 2003 era una publicación en partes que se archiva en Binders por el propio lector (2,3,4 anillas, etc), anchos o estrechos y del color que desease durante el acopio parcial de la edición. Se entregaba por grupos de hojas impresas a una cara (edición 2003), a incluir en los Binders (archivadores). Cada hoja era sustituíble en el futuro si aparecía una nueva misma hoja ampliada o corregida. Este sistema de anillas admitia nuevas páginas con información adicional. Una hoja con adhesivos para portada y lomo identifi caba cada volumen provisional. Las tapas defi nitivas fueron metálicas, y se entregaraban con el 4 º volumen. O con la publicación completa desde el año 2005 en adelante. -Las Publicaciones -parcial y completa- están protegidas legalmente y mediante un sello de tinta especial color VERDE se identifi can los originales. -
A History of Appalachia
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Appalachian Studies Arts and Humanities 2-28-2001 A History of Appalachia Richard B. Drake Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Drake, Richard B., "A History of Appalachia" (2001). Appalachian Studies. 23. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_appalachian_studies/23 R IC H ARD B . D RA K E A History of Appalachia A of History Appalachia RICHARD B. DRAKE THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY Publication of this volume was made possible in part by grants from the E.O. Robinson Mountain Fund and the National Endowment for the Humanities. Copyright © 2001 by The University Press of Kentucky Paperback edition 2003 Scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth, serving Bellarmine University, Berea College, Centre College of Kenhlcky Eastern Kentucky University, The Filson Historical Society, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky University, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University. All rights reserved. Editorial and Sales Offices: The University Press of Kentucky 663 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40508-4008 www.kentuckypress.com 12 11 10 09 08 8 7 6 5 4 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Drake, Richard B., 1925- A history of Appalachia / Richard B. -
Financial Responsibility Requirements As Determined by the Maximum Probable Loss (MPL) Process
Federal Aviation Administration Office of Commercial Space Transportation Financial Responsibility Requirements as Determined by the Maximum Probable Loss (MPL) Process As of November 25, 2016 ACTIVE LAUNCH LICENSES Vehicle Year Launch U.S. Government Third Party ($M) Company Site Property ($M) Antares 230 2016 WFF Pre-flight: $5 Pre-flight: $9 Orbital ATK Flight: $44 Flight: $90 Atlas V 401 Pre-flight: $7 Pre-flight: $6 Lockheed Martin 2007 CCAFS Flight: $21 Flight: $45 Atlas V 411 Pre-flight: $7 Pre-flight: $3 Lockheed Martin 2006 CCAFS Flight: $100 Flight: 112.5 Atlas V 421 Pre-flight: $7 Pre-flight: $3 Lockheed Martin 2006 CCAFS Flight: $100 Flight: $193.5 Atlas V 431 & 531 Pre-flight: $7 Pre-flight: $3 Lockheed Martin 2006 CCAFS Flight: $100 Flight: $261 Atlas V 521 Pre-flight: $7 Pre-flight: $3 Lockheed Martin 2006 CCAFS Flight: $100 Flight: $193.5 Atlas V 401 2011 VAFB Pre-flight: $ Pre-flight: $3 Lockheed Martin Flight: $100 Flight: $193.5 Falcon 9 (ISS Resupply) 2016 CCAFS Pre-flight: $13 Pre-flight: 12 Space Exploration Flight: $100 Flight: $45 Technologies Falcon 9 (GEO Missions) 2016 CCAFS Pre-flight: $13 Pre-flight: $12 Space Exploration Flight: $100 Flight: $30 Technologies Falcon 9 2013 VAFB Pre-flight: $1 Pre-flight: $9 Space Exploration Flight: $17 Flight: $90 Technologies Minotaur 2013 WFF Pre-Flight: $1 Pre-Flight: $9 Orbital ATK Flight: $40 Flight: $22 Pegasus Pre-Flight: $1 Pre-Flight: $10 Orbital ATK 1997 CCAFS Flight: $1 Flight: $37.5 1 Pegasus WFF Pre-flight: $1 Pre-flight: $10 Orbital ATK 1997 Flight: $1 Flight: -
Space Almanac 2005
SpaceAl2005 manac Stratosphere begins 10 miles Limit for turbojet engines 20 miles Limit for ramjet engines 28 miles Astronaut wings awarded 50 miles Low Earth orbit begins 60 miles 0.95G 100 miles Medium Earth orbit begins 300 miles 44 44 AIR FORCEAIR FORCE Magazine Magazine / August / August 2005 2005 SpaceAl manacThe US military space operation in facts and figures. Compiled by Tamar A. Mehuron, Associate Editor, and the staff of Air Force Magazine Hard vacuum 1,000 miles Geosynchronous Earth orbit 22,300 miles 0.05G 60,000 miles NASA photo/staff illustration by Zaur Eylanbekov Illustration not to scale AIR FORCE Magazine / August 2005 AIR FORCE Magazine / /August August 2005 2005 4545 US Military Missions in Space Space Force Support Space Force Enhancement Space Control Space Force Application Launch of satellites and other Provide satellite communica- Assure US access to and freedom Pursue research and devel- high-value payloads into space tions, navigation, weather, mis- of operation in space and deny opment of capabilities for the and operation of those satellites sile warning, and intelligence to enemies the use of space. probable application of combat through a worldwide network of the warfighter. operations in, through, and from ground stations. space to influence the course and outcome of conflict. US Space Funding Millions of constant FY06 dollars $50,000 DOD 45,000 NASA 40,000 Other Total 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 59 62 66 70 74 78 82 86 90 94 98 02 04 Fiscal Year FY NASA DOD Other Total FY NASA DOD Other -
Conestoga Launch Vehicles
The Space Congress® Proceedings 1988 (25th) Heritage - Dedication - Vision Apr 1st, 8:00 AM Conestoga Launch Vehicles Mark H. Daniels Special Projects Manager, SSI James E. Davidson Project Manager, SSI Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings Scholarly Commons Citation Daniels, Mark H. and Davidson, James E., "Conestoga Launch Vehicles" (1988). The Space Congress® Proceedings. 7. https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings/proceedings-1988-25th/session-11/7 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Space Congress® Proceedings by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CONESTOGA LAUNCH VEHICLES by Mark H. Daniels Special Projects Manager, SSI and James E. Davidson Project Manager, SSI launch into space. As such, it represents an Abstract important precedent for all other space launch companies. Several major applications for commercial and government markets have developed recently which In order to conduct the launch, the company will make use of small satellites. A launch solicited and received approvals from 18 different vehicle designed specifically for small satellites Federal agencies. Among these were the Air Force, brings many attendant benefits. Space Services the State Department, the Navy, and the Commerce Incorporated has developed the Conestoga family of Department. Commerce required SSI to obtain an launch vehicles to meet the needs of five major export license, due to the extra-territoriality of markets: low orbiting communication satellites, the vehicle's splashdown point. positioning satellites, earth sensing satellites, space manufacturing prototypes, and scientific Since that time, the company has organized a team experiments. -
The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017
Federal Aviation Administration The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 January 2017 Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 i Contents About the FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 51 United States Code, Subtitle V, Chapter 509 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA AST is directed to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA AST’s website: http://www.faa.gov/go/ast Cover art: Phil Smith, The Tauri Group (2017) Publication produced for FAA AST by The Tauri Group under contract. NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. ii Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 GENERAL CONTENTS Executive Summary 1 Introduction 5 Launch Vehicles 9 Launch and Reentry Sites 21 Payloads 35 2016 Launch Events 39 2017 Annual Commercial Space Transportation Forecast 45 Space Transportation Law and Policy 83 Appendices 89 Orbital Launch Vehicle Fact Sheets 100 iii Contents DETAILED CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .