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Analysis of a Professional Jargon (Occupational Variety) Or Terminology

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Analysis of a Professional Jargon (Occupational Variety) Or Terminology MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE Analysis of hotel jargon and slang Bachelor thesis Brno 2015 Supervisor: Author: Mgr. Radek Vogel, Ph.D. Ivan Marousek Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem bakalářskou práci vypracoval samostatně, s využitím pouze citovaných literárních pramenů, dalších informací a zdrojů v souladu s Disciplinárním řádem pro studenty Pedagogické fakulty Masarykovy univerzity a se zákonem č. 121/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a o změně některých zákonů (autorský zákon), ve znění pozdějších předpisů. Brno, 23. listopad 2015 …….………………… Ivan Marousek Acknowledgement I would like to thank my supervisor Mgr. Radek Vogel, Ph.D. for his valued help and comments. MAROUSEK, Ivan. Analysis of hotel jargon and slang; Bachelor Thesis. Brno: Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Department of English Language and Literature, 2015. 77 pp. Supervisor: Mgr. Radek Vogel, Ph.D. Annotation This bachelor thesis deals with hotel jargon and analyses its use in the hotel environment, tourist industry and catering in both written and spoken forms. Its aim is to prove whether hotel professionals are always aware of the meaning of jargon words they use when communicating among themselves and when dealing with their actual and prospective customers. The theoretical part consists of three main sections. The first section contains the historical overview, describes the development of the hotel industry and suggests the typical structure of a hotel. The aim of the second section is to describe jargon and slang, compare them, and explain the role of jargon in the hotel industry. The following section describes the linguistic features of jargon and names the main word formation processes we may encounter when analysing hotel jargon. The last part aims to define jargon from the perspective of sociolinguistics and explain the role of jargon in a social group. The practical part consists of an analysis of the data obtained from a real hotel environment, examines the frequency of occurrence of jargon described in the theoretical part and focuses on its detailed analysis. The anticipated conclusions are that the majority of new hotel jargon comes from the English language, and the most frequent form of new jargon is acronym created from English business words or phrases. Another anticipated outcome of the survey is that people working in a hotel use jargon to encourage in-group solidarity and they consider jargon the most effective way of communication in their working environment. Key words: jargon, slang, language variation, functional shift, word-formation, semantic change, hotel organisation, sociolinguistics MAROUSEK, Ivan. Analýza hotelového žargonu a slangu; bakalářská práce. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, pedagogická fakulta, katedra anglického jazyka a literatury, 2015. 77 stran. Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Mgr. Radek Vogel, Ph.D. Anotace Bakalářská práce se zaobírá hotelovým žargonem, analyzuje jeho využití v hotelovém prostředí, turismu a restauračním provozu v jeho písemné a mluvené podobě. Cílem této práce je ověřit, zdali lidé pracující v hotelnictví rozumí žargonu, který běžně používají při komunikaci mezi sebou samými nebo při komunikaci s jejich klienty. Teoretický úvod obsahuje tři hlavní části. První část popisuje historii hotelnictví a jeho vývoj, dále pak přináší stručný popis jednotlivých oddělení hotelového provozu. Cílem druhé části práce je definování pojmů žargon a slang, jejich vzájemné porovnání a vysvětlení významu žargonu v hotelnictví. Následující sekce popisuje lingvistické prvky žargonu, vyjmenovává a popisuje hlavní slovotvorné procesy uplatňující se při tvorbě nových slov. Závěrečná část pak popisuje žargon z pohledu sociolingvistiky a vysvětluje význam žargonu v sociálních skupinách. Praktická část práce analyzuje data získaná v reálném hotelovém prostředí, zkoumá četnost výskytu žargonu a zaměřuje se na detailní rozbor jednotlivých forem žargonu. Práce potvrzuje předpoklad, že většina novotvarů hotelového žargonu pochází z anglického jazyka, a že nejčastější forma současného hotelového žargonu jsou akronymy anglických obchodních slov a frází. Cílem dotazníkového šetření je ověření hypotézy, zdali lidé pracující v hotelnictví chápou žargon jako prostředek k udržování a posilování profesní identity a považují žargon za nejefektivnější způsob komunikace mezi příslušníky v daném oboru. Klíčová slova: žargon, slang, jazyková varianta, funkční změna, slovotvorba, sémantická změna, hotel, organizace, sociolingvistika Contents 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 8 2. Origins of tourism and its development into a professional field of business . 9 2.1. Defining travel and tourism: are they really an industry? .......................... 12 2.2. The hotel industry as a profession .............................................................. 12 2.3. The learned professions .............................................................................. 13 2.4. The near profession .................................................................................... 14 2.5. The would-be profession ............................................................................ 14 3. The typical structure of a hotel and its departments ...................................... 16 3.1. Food and beverage department .................................................................. 16 3.2. Sales and marketing department ................................................................ 17 3.3. Room Department ...................................................................................... 17 3.4. Accounting Department ............................................................................. 17 3.5. Personnel Department ................................................................................ 18 4. Professional jargon and slang ........................................................................ 18 4.1. Defining jargon .......................................................................................... 18 4.2. Defining slang ............................................................................................ 19 4.3. Difference between jargon and slang ......................................................... 20 4.4. The role of jargon ....................................................................................... 21 4.5. Different classifications of jargon .............................................................. 23 5. Jargon and its use in a hotel ........................................................................... 24 5.1. Back of the house jargon ............................................................................ 25 5.1.1. Advertising jargon ............................................................................... 25 5.2. Front of the house jargon ........................................................................... 27 5.2.1. Food jargon .......................................................................................... 27 6. Linguistic features of jargon .......................................................................... 29 6.1. Word-formation processes ......................................................................... 30 6.1.1. Conversion or functional shift ............................................................. 31 6.1.2. Derivation ............................................................................................ 31 6.1.3. Abbreviation ........................................................................................ 32 6.1.4. Compounds .......................................................................................... 32 6.1.5. Borrowings or loan words .................................................................... 33 6.1.6. Back formation .................................................................................... 33 6.1.7. Reduplication ....................................................................................... 34 6.2. Semantic changes in the lexicon ................................................................ 34 6.2.1. Metaphor .............................................................................................. 34 6.2.2. Metonymy ............................................................................................ 35 7. Usage of jargon according to sociolinguistics ............................................... 35 7.1. Language and Society ................................................................................ 36 7.2. Language variation ..................................................................................... 38 8. Introduction to the analytical part .................................................................. 39 8.1. The origin of data ....................................................................................... 40 8.2. Nominal data .............................................................................................. 41 8.3. Analysis of obtained data ........................................................................... 41 9. Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 51 Works cited .............................................................................................................. 53 Appendices ..............................................................................................................
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