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The Challenge of Diversity:[Student's Guide]. WM Keck Foundation DOCUMENT RESUME ED 439 068 SO 031 465 AUTHOR Croddy, Marshall; Degelman, Charles; Hayes, Bill; Von Blum, Paul TITLE The Challenge of Diversity: [Student's Guide]. W. M. Keck Foundation Series, Volume 3. INSTITUTION Constitutional Rights Foundation, Los Angeles, CA. SPONS AGENCY W. M. Keck Foundation, Los Angeles, CA. ISBN ISBN-1-886253-10-2 PUB DATE 1999-00-00 NOTE 75p.; For the teacher's guide, see SO 031 464. For the earlier volumes in this series, see ED 432 479 and ED 424 179 AVAILABLE FROM Constitutional Rights Foundation, 601 South Kingsley Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90005. Tel: 213-487-5590; web site: http://www.crf-usa.org. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Learner (051) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC03 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Academic Standards; *Citizen Participation; *Citizenship Education; *Civil Rights; *Cultural Context; *Cultural Differences; Ethnicity; Racial Attitudes; Secondary Education; Social Studies; *United States History IDENTIFIERS National Civics and Government Standards; National History Standards ABSTRACT This book focuses on diversity, concentrating on issues of race and ethnicity and on the contributions made, and challenges faced, by the nation's racial and ethnic communities. The easy-to-read, graphically highlighted materials in the book invite students to confront the challenges of living in a diverse society by looking at the past, present, and future. Following an introduction, chapters in the book are: (1) "The Ideal of Equality"; (2) "A Diverse Nation"; (3) "The Civil Rights Movement"; (4) "Issues and Policies"; and (5)"Bringing Us Toaether." Includes sources for each chapter and an index. (BT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 0O vr)0 rn 1 I ( U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS CENTER (ERIC) BEEN GRANTED BY 12114isdocument has been reproduced as dbalibL. received from the person or organization originating it MCrody Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Points of view or opinions stated in this INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) document do not necessar ly represent otficial OERI position or policy 1 This Constitutional Rights Foundation publication is made possible by a generous grant from the W.M. Keck Foundation. BEST COPYAVAILABLE THE CHALLENGE OF Marshall Croddy Charles Degelman Bill Hayes Paul Von Blum This Constitutional Rights Foundation publication is made possible by a generous grant from the W.M. Keck Foundation. 3 Haley J. Fromholz, President Constitutional Rights Foundation W.M. KEWelpeLL\IDATION Jerome C Byrne, Chairman Constitutional Rights Foundation The Challenge gr Diversiy is the third volume in the WM. Publications Committee Keck Foundation Series, a series of educational publica- EDITOR AND CONTENT DESIGN tions that will address key challenges facing our demo- Marshall Quoddy cratic and pluralistic republic under the framework of the Constitution and its Bill of Rights. WRITERS Marshall Croddy Bill Hayes The WM. Keck Foundation, one of the nation's largest Charles Degelman Paul Von Blum charitable foundations primarily supports higher educa- tion, medical research, and science. The Foundation also maintains a Southern California Grant Program that pro- REVIEWERS vides support in the areas of civic and community ser- Jerome C. Byrne Peggy Saferstein vices, health care, precollegiate education, and the arts. Lee Edmon Deborah Saxe The Board of Directors of Constitutional Rights Founda- Diana Hess Marvin Sears tion is grateful to the W.M. Keck Foundation for its vision Michael W. Monk Lois Thompson and generosity. Carolyn Pereira Carlton A. Vamer We gratefully acknowledge the following sources PRINCIPAL STAFF for photographs and editorial cartoons, which Todd Clark, Executive Director were used with permission: Marshall Croddy, Director of Programs and AP/Wide World Photos: 25, 27, 28, 30, 32, 44, 49, 52, 55, 59 Materials Development Branch, John, San Antonio Express: 45 Jo Ann Burton, Director of Development Corbis: 6, 9, 10, 16, 19, 22 Corbis/Bettmann: 14, 26, 35, 37, 40 PRODUCTION Corbis/Danny Lehman: 17 Michelle Ingram/Ingram Design Studio, Design Corbis/The Mariners' Muse: 11 Andrew Costly, Production Manager Corbis/Leif Skoogfors: 63 Navigator Press, Printing Corbis/Ted Spiegel: 54 Costly, Andrew, Constitutional Rights Foundation: 66 \ Keefe, Mike, Denver Post: 50 Constitutional Rights Foundation Kelley, Steve, San Diego Union Tribune: 48 60Sou'th kirgsley Drive Pett, Joel, Lexington Herald-Leader: 42 LOs Angeles, 90005 Ramirez, Michael, Copley News Service: 58, 64 (2B) 48i-5590 wwusa.org/ w.trf-/ ©.Constitutional Rights Foundation, Los Angeles, 1999 ---All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 1-886253-10-2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Croddy, Marshall. The challenge of diversity / Marshall Croddy, Charles Degelman, Bill Hayes, Paul Von Blum. p. cm. - (W. M. Keck Foundation series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-886253-10-2 (pbk.) 1. Pluralism (Social science)-United States. 2. Pluralism (Social sciences)-United States-History. 3. United States-Race relations. 4. United States-Ethnic relations. 5. Minorities-Civil rights-United States. I. Degelman, Charles. II. Hayes, Bill. III. Von Blum, Paul. IV Constitutional Rights Foundation (1963- ) V. Title. VI. Series E184.A1 C756 1999 305.8'00973-dc21 99-049819 TnuE CHALLENGE OF DD AVE T'abOe o Contents Introduction 4 CHAPTER 1: THE IDEAL OF EQUALITY The Constitution and Slavery 6 Civil Conversation: How Should We Judge Our Nation's Founders? 8 Moving Toward Equality Under Law 9 CHAPTER 2: A DIVERSE NATION The First Americans 11 Civil Conversation: Should the Census Bureau Collect Statistics on Race?.. 13 The Black Experience 14 The Mexican-American and Latino Experience 16 Asian-American Immigrants 18 Diversity Checklist: Immigrant Stories B I 0 20 European Immigration: Irish, Jews, and Italians 21 CHAPTER 3: THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT Social Protests 25 Diversity Checklist: Problem Solving ABLE 28 In the Courts 30 Diversity Checklist: Equal Protection Analysis SCOPE 33 Congress Acts 34 The Chicano Movement 37 CHAPTER 4: ISSUES AND POLICIES How Much Progress Have We Made in Race Relations? 40 Affirmative Action: Should It Continue? 44 Diversity Checklist: Policy Evaluation GRADE 47 Reparations for Slavery? 49 Education for a Diverse Nation 52 Bilingual Education 55 Civil Conversation: Driving While Minority 57 Outlawing Hate 59 Civil Conversation: Minorities and the Media 62 CHAPTER 5: BRINGING US TOGETHER Promoting Diversity 63 Civil Conversation: The Changing Face of America 65 Diversity Case Studies: Student Programs That Work 66 Diversity Checklist: Conflict Resolution E R A C I S M 67 Group Action Projects: Making a Difference 69 Sources 70 Index 71 H-R0 0 CUJC1 0 hl TD or more than 200 years, the Constitution and the Bill of Rights iLl have guided the United States. The Constitution defineda federal form of government that has served us well. The Bill of Rights limited the powers of that government and provided Americans with an unprecedented level of personal and political freedom. Over the past two centuries, our republic has faced many challenges, such as war, internal dis- sension, and economic turmoil. As we enter a new millennium, America will face new challenges testing our unity, our principles, and our system of government. It is the young people of today who will face these challenges. They will be tomorrow's voters, commu- nity leaders, politicians, and citizens. They will be asked to decide on issues unknown to us today, and the quality of those deci- sions will determine whether our con- stitutional system will endure. It is to these young people that this series is dedicated. This volume in the series focuses on diversity in America. This vast subject might include race, ethnic groups, religion, gender, sexual ori- entation, disability, and other important topics. To provide as full a discussion as possible in this book's limited space, we have decided to concentrate on issues of race and ethnicity. In this volume, The Chal- lenge of Diversity, we consider the contributions made and challenges faced by our country's racial and ethnic communities. 4 The story of America is the story of its diverse peoples. The First Ameri- cans arrived more than 12,000 years ago and developed a rich array of cultures. Then came European explorers and coloniststhe Spanish, Por- tuguese, English, Dutch, Frenchwho conquered the land and displaced its original inhabitants. Soon, Africans, against their will, were transport- ed as slaves to work cultivating and building. Waves of immigrants followed, each group seeking opportunity and freedom in a new land. The process continues today. The story has a dark side. It tells of slavery, nativism, prejudice, and the majority oppressing the minority. But in its ideals, America has stood for the principles of equality as expressed in the Dec- laration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. How these principles have been honored and abused is a story of both tragedy and tri- umph. With these materials, we invite students to con- front the challenges of living in a diverse society by looking at the past, present, and future. First, we consider the ideals of equality as contained in our founding and legal traditions. Next, we examine the contributions and struggles of various groups who have lived the American experience.
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