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Geological Research and Development Center EibSya^ ------PLN- Persahaan Umum Listrik Negara . $*0U6«^ (State Electricity Company) —|qjft • x^JU^-Mgsa^ - ------ITB-lnstitute Teknologi Bandung rC> (Bandung Institute of Technology) —|-AWE%*z4 :EJ%SS department or mines and energy directorate general ceolocy rum mineral resources yolcanolocical survey or yolcaro loci cal survey or indonxsu INDONESIA JAl.AN D1PONECORO 11 BAHDUHC -10122 TELXX i 26616 YULXAH 1A, TAX : (22) 102761 CADLR : KDV BANDUNC. 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(^m. msu #^#) a ##immac bo 2333=8 (a s (OOW) o & ift 101 w&ifi mzi&ttm (3JLSOM) flBK.q-.fhi'Pf&Irt WON) y H&6T (ssa) t (i s id Gnu 5,7 kx ill x (ill % • Assignemenfc of metrological standards to various institutions Currently, the different metrological standards have been assigned by the National Committee on Metrology to the various institutuions as set forth in Table 2.3-2. Table 2.3-2 Assignments of Metrological. Standards to Institutions Prototype & primary, Standard Unit standard Secondary standard Working standard Length DSS DSS • TISTR DSS MOC Mass MOC DSS DSS TISTR TISTR MOC. Electric • DC, Low Frequency TISTR TISTR DSS TISTR DSS High Frequency TISTR TISTR DSS TISTR " DSS Temperature TISTR TISTR DSS TISTR DSS Volume, Flow DSS MOC MOC Pressure DSS TISTR TISTR Force DSS TISTR TISTR Density TISTR TISTR Viscosity TISTR TISTR Hardness TISTR TISTR- Acoustics DSS TISTR TISTR Photometry TISTR TISTR TISTR Non-Ionizing Radiation . TISTR TISTR TISTR Ionizing Radiation AEP Standard Gas Source • NCM AEP Office of Atomic Energy for Peace. ' Note The underlined institutions will be responsible for maintenance and management of metrological standards in the future. •f MINISTRY OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT (MOSTE) ORGANIZATION CHART Ministry of Science,Technology and linvimnmenl 1...... 1 - -| 1 ‘ Thailand Institute of I Department of Science Office of the Secretary Office of the Scientific and Technological U 1 Scivive to the Minister Pcimancnt Secretary Rescan li I I Nntinnal Siicmv anil Techno DcpaUmcnl of ! 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Exsplorntion and Production Industries • Mineral Technology.. — Geological Research and Development^Centre Directorate of Oil and Gas Directorate of New Energy Development Centre L- Marine Geology Institute Eniginccring Development Directorate of Oil and Gas Industry Promotion and Supervision Oil and Gas Research and Technology Development Centre LEMIGAS Oil and Gas Map Power Development Centre J I | I | | | I North Sumatera Vest Sumatera South Sumatera South Kalimantan South Sulawesi North Sulawesi Irian J a ya Regional Office Regional Office Regional Office Regional Office Regional Office Regional Office Regional Office (MEDAN) (PAOANC) (PALEMBANC) MlnUtryolMlnei end Kn»rgy Organization vegetation, and situation of villages, cities, the number of who are living the Volcanological Survey of Indonesia is the one of government institutions under the surrounding of the volcanoes. Directorate General of Geology and Mineral Resources, Department of Mines and 4. Dissemination of information for public education about volcanic hazards for Energy. communities in the hazardous zones, provided with guide books and leaflets of respective volcano to realize public education Is done jointly with the Local Authority. Task 5. Constructions for mitigation of secondary hazard which Impacted by lahar flow, To carry out volcano observation, geothermal and volcano investigation and such as tunnel, check dam, Sabo dam, which are built by Department of Public administration; among others work, for example in Galunggung, Merapl and Mt. Kelut. * Volcano observation and investigation in Indonesia at 129 volcanoes along 7000 km 6. To develop and improve the monitoring Instrumentations and develop the field volcanic arc. Among them 79 volcanoes are classified Into A type ones. laboratory of Mt. Merapl In Yogyakarta. * Volcano geologic mapping and Volcanic Hazard Map 7. National Coordinator Board on Disaster Mitigation (BAKORNAS PB) consisted of * Geothermal investigation several Ministries and non-government organization, that are Social Affair, Health, * Laboratory and volcano analysis Mines and Energy, Public Works. Transmigration, Agriculture, Interior Department * Education and Information of volcanoes, and Documentation. and Red Cross Our Institutions suffort to fulfill and the aim of the organizations is to create any emergency action and preparedness In case of the crisis and Function rehabilitation during the pos-disastrous occurrence. At the province level the 1. Carry out observation on active volcanoes for mitigation of volcanic disaster organization is coordinated by the governor and at the regency level leaded by the 2. Carry out volcanic hazard map involved Bupatl or Walikota, the Authority chief of the Regency and Municipal. 3. Carry out geothermal investigation based on geology, petrochemistry, geophysics 8. To Increase the quality and capability of the human resources. and geochemistry 4. Carry out volcano petrochemistry, volcanophysics Investigations and development of HISTORY OF VOLCANOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDONESIA instrumentation « After the explosion of Mt. Kelut In 1919, on 14 September 1920 the Netherland 5. Data processing and report of volcano geologic map and geothermal map in several Government established Vulkaan Bewarkings Dienst under Dlenst van het scales Mijnwezen. 6. Publication and documentation of volcanoes and geothermal activities • In 1920 “Volcano watching house ” started to be built. Until 1941 there were built at 7. Carry out administration and coordination with other institutions Krakatau, Tangkubanparahu, Papandayan, Kamojang, Merapl (Babadan, Krinjing. Plawangan, Ngepos), Kelut, Semeru and IJen. Mitigation Program of Volcanic Hazards • In 1922 the name of the organization became vulkaanologlsche Onderzoek (V.O). 1. To observe and monitor activities of volcano and utilizes several methods of » Since1939 it is known as Volcanological Survey. monitoring technique; such of seismicity, deformation, temperature measurement, • After the Independence war of Indonesia It became Dinas Gunung Berapl (DGB). gravity, magnetic, electricity, measurements of gas such as C0J( SO?, radio active • From 1950 until 1979 the organization became Geological Survey of Indonesia was and others. established, In survey there was Volcanological Division. 2. Geological Mapping of Volcanoes to define the activity and character of volcano in « Finally since March 6, 1979, the Division Is extended to become Directorate of the past. Volcanology but for international communication still be used Volcanological Survey 3. To create volcanic hazard zonation based on volcanic activities; morphology of Indonesia. condition, direction of wind and so on. The hazard map will Include land-use and DEPARTMENT or MINKS Atm knkrcy DIRECTORATE CKNERAL GEOLOGY AKD MINERAL RESOURCES VOLCANOLOCI CAL SURVEY OP VOLCAltOLOGICAL SURVEY Of INDONESIA INDONESIA JAt.AN D1POHKCORO 57 BANDUNG 40122 TELEX 1 2001G VULKAN 1A, PAX : (22) 7027G1 CABLE 1 KDY BANDUNG, PHONE (22) 703205-703200,72606 ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION PERSONEL SUB DIVISION PIHANCE SUB DIVISION GENERAL ADMINISTRATION SUB DIVISION VOLCANO OBSERVATION VOLCANO HAPPING ■ GEOTHERMIC INVENTORY VOLCANO ANALYSIS EDUCATION AND DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION DIVISION INFORMATION SUMATRA AND WESTERN VOLCANO GEOLOGIC GEOTHERMIC POTENTIAL MERAP1 volcano ' * — — EDUCATION SECTION JAVA REGIONAL SECTION MAPPING SECTION SECTION SECTION • EASTERN JAVA REGIONAL TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING GEOTHERMIC PROSPECT ION VOLCANO PHYSICS — - — PUBLICATION SECTION, SECTION SECTION • • BALI AND NUSATENCCARa VOLCANIC DANCER GEOTHERMAL STEAM TEST PETROCHEMISTRY AND CAS MITIGATION SECTION —1 — DOCUMENTATION SECTION SECTION SECTION SECTION 1 ' V SULAWESI AND MALUKU REMOTE SENSING GEOTHERMAL STEAM VOLCANO INSTRUMENTATION REGIONAL SECTION l— ANALYSIS SECTION LIBRARY SECTION SECTION VOLCANOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDONESIA MISSION : TO MINIMIZE VICTIM AND LOST OF PROPERTY CAUSED BY VOLCANIC ERUPTION TASK : TO INVESTIGATE AND MONITOR THE ACTIVE VOLCANOES AND TO INVESTIGATE POTENTIAL GEOTHERMY r UNCTION: TO INVESTIGATE THE VOLCANIC PHENOMENA: PHYSICAL, GEOLOGICAL, PETROCHEMICAL SYMPTOMS, TO DEVELOP THE MONITORING TECHNIQUES AND INTEGRATED STUDY OF MERAPI VOLCANO. TO MANAGE VOLCANO MONITORING AND TO FORECAST VOLCANIC ACTIVITIES TOPOGRAPHIC, GEOLOGIC AND HAZARD MAPPING AND AERIAL PHOTO INTERPRETATION TO DISSEMINATE INFORMATIONS, EDUCATE THE PEOPLE IN THE HAZARDOUS AREAS AND DOCUMENTATION -Q INVESTIGATE THE POTENTIAL OF GEOTHERMAL FIELDS BASED ON GEOLOGICAL, GEOPYSICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL PHENOMENA DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE VOLCANOES IN INDONESIA DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE VOLCANOES AND VOLCANO OBSERVATORIES IN INDONESIA C / H A • Active volcano * Volcano Observatory C A|* lOefei So'v* 1 T Rod'*) Communicolion 1 T*c/-'' Se/u*siiet»l KALIMANTAN I H I A h V r L A UT Te/'$kvtwiApo/oixi #r ChiA* w«hrgng // J S// Ko "«r* 'i< y O L C 4 A , o Development of volcano observation and investigation in Indonesia (March 1994) Explanation 1945- 1968- 1974- 1979- 1984- 1989- Long 1966 1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 Term PELITA I PELITA II PELITA III PELITA IV PELITA V Number of volcanoes 18 14 22 31 48 59 129 are being observed Number of Volcano 19 20 20 35 52 64 129 observatory buildings Basic instruments for 11 18 21 55 55 55" r volcano monitoring +30 + 3021 129 +53’ 79 Hazard Map 20 25 30 35 82 104 129 (volcano) Geological Map 15 28 40 129 (volcano) Number of volcanoes are investigated 30 40 45 49 54 59 129 (for research purpose) Legend : 1). Single comp, seismograph, 2) . 3-comp, seismograph 3) . Seismograph with digital recording system (Most of the seismographs utilize Radio Telemetry System) NUMBER OF PERSONNEL OF VS! {APRIL 1994) Qualification Education Number Remarks (person) Doctor ri M.Sc. 22 jT persons are preparing ■2-1 *\ their doctor thesis in France, Nethertand and Australia Univ Grad. 72 7 persons are continuing Professional Personnel their studies for M.Sc. degree in Japan, New Zealand, France, Australia Bachelor 13 Completing their studies at domestic universities High School Grad, 247 Technicians, Computer Operators and Volcano observers at 64 volcano obervatories Total 362 Univ. Gard. 3 Administration’s Bachelor 7 personnel High School Grad. 112 Total 122 Total Number of VSI’s 484 Personnel /mm/M TEmow? devewpment/nstttute DEPARTMENT Dr SCIENCE AND TEeNNOUffl JJ2C. 1 A g ) “7<&6te &oM£eM£d>: Message 2 Highlights 9 industry - Responsive R&D 15 Technology Information, Diffusion and Promotion 16 Technology Transfer and Commercialization 17 Contract Projects 27 Services Subscription Program 28 Human Resources Development 30 Regular R&D Projects 38 Standards and Testing Services 39 Allocation of ITDI Budget <£& T interventions through the development and commer cialization of products/processes along the identified priority areas of the Science and Technology Agenda for Nation al Development (STAND) and adjustment measures to cushion the adverse effects of the implementation of the General Agree ment on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) to local industries were ag gressively pursued by the Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) in 1994. he remarkable increase in the number of contract projects implemented, samples tested/analyzed and clients served, indicated the sustained and improved trust and con fidence of the private sector on the Institute’s technical com petence and capability in providing S&T services. Priority in terms of substantial fund allocation has been recognized and provided to upgrade and expand the testing, analysis and calibration services of the Institute in order to effectively address the needs of its increasing number of clients. Local and foreign funding sources were also tapped to augment meager resour ces in upgrading R&D and testing facilities. /4ccomprehensive 5-year staff development plan was developed to see to it that the required expertise for the implementation of the Institute’s priority programs are in place. Under its degree program, 14 staff more are envisioned to have acquired Ph.D. degrees and 96 with master’s degrees in 1999 bringing the totals to 23 and 141, respectively. ^Tetworking and institutionalization of linkages with interest- "groups and industries were likewise pursued by estab lishing sectoral technical advisory committees to help the In stitute identify other priority areas of operation. Because of these initiatives more contract projects with the private sector were implemented duringjthe year. yd evelopment of high-value products and provision of quality S&T services vital to industrial and agricultural growth and to the enhancement of the competitiveness of local products in the international market shall continue to be the thrusts of ITDI. IGUI, Ph.D. The year 1994 was marked by the aggressive implementation of R&D and technology transfer IGHLIGHTS programs/projects in the areas of industrial manufac turing, mineral processing, energy and environment. Networking/institutionalization of linkages and provision of quality and efficient S&T services to in dustry were also undertaken. In the area of research and development, the Institute implemented a total of 127 projects, 65 of which were funded through the regular budget, 39 through local and foreign funding sources, and 23 through contracts with industry. Significant ac complishments along this area are discussed as fol lows: The drying parameters for dried mango, using erythor- bate and ascorbate as anti-browning agents in place of the restricted bisulphite were op timized. The developed process will improve the export performance of locally produced dried mango and is expected to increase the annual export earnings of the product estimated at US$ 4,468,440.00 in 1992. The production parameters of medium chain tryglyceride (MCT) were established. MCT is a product derived from coconut oil. It is a clear and thin edible oil, a dietary fat with therapeutic properties and is used as an additive in the manufacture of food and pharmaceutical products. The product is comparable to imported MCT and is a potential export earner. Pilot production and application testing of alkyl phosphate were conducted in cooperation with the Philippine Council for Industry and Energy Research and Development (PCIERD), Philippine Textile Re search Institute (PTRI), COCOCHEM Inc., RESICOR Enterprise and with two(2) textile mills. Alkyl phosphate is an effective anti-static and softening agent used in textile manufacturing. This product of research at ITDI is comparable to imported anti-static and softening agents ___ion_ being used in the industry and could result to annual import savings of up to US$ 2.33 M and has the • potential to develop an export market. . Accelerated production of vinegar from coconut water with an acidity of 4% within 24 hours was attained using a locally fabricated reactor. This process requires only a day to produce vinegar com pared to the traditional "tapayan" method which takes about a month. It does not use imported nutrients as practiced by the industrial producers of vinegar and it makes use of coconut water which is considered as one of the underutilized by- products from coconut. A method of encapsulating heavy metal bearing sludges which are waste materials resulting from the operations of the semiconductor industry was developed using natural resins and cement as encap sulating agents. Possible utilization of the encapsu lated sludge into functional products will be studied. The Institute also developed a prototype electronic dashboard for locally-manufactured public utility vehicles (PUV) providing an analog display of parameters, such as, voltage, current, water and en gine temperatures, revolutions per minute (RPM) of the engine and speed of the vehicle, in circularly- arranged light-emitting diodes (LEDs). This can en hance the overall appearance and saleability/preference for locally-manufactured PUVs. Transfer and commercialization of the Institute’s Improved process for dried mango was adapted by a Ms. Vestha Valera , a private entrepreneur based in the Cordillera Autonomous Region. A 100-kg capacity drier was fabricated and installed with the supervision of a technical staff from ITDI. Based on a business opportunity plan (BOP) prepared, a processing plant with a capacity of 180,000 packs of 100 grams dried mango, requires an investment of about P2 M and generates employment for 11 workers with an annual gross sales of P5 M. During off season of mango, papaya and pineapple fruits can be processed using same facilities of the plant. A factory was set up for a Mr. Crisencio Tio in Occidental Mindoro for the production of saltbed tiles with an annual capacity of 1,536,000 pieces and re quiring an investment of P2.12 M. The project generated employment for 21 workers. In Mariveles, Bataan, a pottery plant was set up upon the request of a cooperative(ISGUPA). The plant was constructed at a cost of P0.80 M and has an annual capacity of 344,000 pieces of assorted pottery products with 6 workers and estimated annual gross sales otP1.38 M. A brick plant was constructed for the provincial government of Lanao del Norte at a cost of P5.14 M with an annual capacity of 1.82 million pieces and generating employment for 28 workers. Estimated annual gross sale when the plant is in full operation is P5.50 M. A 2-hectare pilot saltfarm was developed for a Mr. Martin Tan of Saranggani Province using the Institute’s improved process for saltmaking. The process is ex pected to improve the quality and purity of the product from 90 % to a minimum of 95 % and increase harvest by 10 to 20 %. The pilot saltfarm will be operational next summer season and once proven more efficient than the traditional process, the rest of the 40 hectares developed by the client for the purpose will be utilized. During the year, the Institute also transferred its technology on rice hull-fired gasifier/combustor for palay drying in Nueva Ecija and established another distribution center (DC) for soapmaking in Lanao del Norte bringing to a total of 76 DCs established since the launching of the soapmaking technology in 1991. The Institute also entered into an agree ment with Atom Chemi cal Inc. for the transfer of its improved fermenta tion process in the production of ethanol from sugary materials using a new strain. The process has been con sidered for integration into a system including waste management through countercurrent beer distillation and slop evaporation into con centrated mass for feeds with multi-film evaporators which will result in "zero" pollution. The company is given an option period of 3 years within which to commercialize the technology using existing production facilities in Bacolod. Three other technologies were transferred to 3 private companies via the technology business incubator (TBI) scheme: production of herbal tea, ceramic knobs/handles for baskets and novelty wares for export. Cafe de Silang Inc., adaptor of the herbal tea production technology has set up its own production facilities in Silang, Cavite and is expected to be fully operational early part of 1995. When completed, the plant is estimated to cost P2.39 M with a capacity of 150,000 boxes (21 tea bags/box). The plant is expected to employ 9 workers and to realize an annual gross sale of P4.5 M. Ruvic Enterprise, a manufac turer of ceramic knobs and handles for baskets for export based in Paranaque, Metro Manila, and, C.S. Manrique Enterprise, a manufacturer of ceramic novelty wares, also for the export market, based in San Pedro, Laguna, have plans of expanding their existing production facilities to meet increasing demands for their products. Based on the BOPs prepared for their expansion programs, Ruvic Enterprise will increase its annual production to 162,000 pcs. both for knobs and handles for baskets, requiring an- additional invest ment of about P5:2 M. The program will increase the number of workers to 34 and is expected to increase gross sales to F8.34 M. C.S. Manrique Enterprise on the other hand, will increase its production to 30,000 pcs of assorted ceramic novelty wares, requiring an additional investment of P2.79 M and increasing man power requirements to 25. The program is expected to increase annual gross sales to P3.37M. In support to the tech nology transfer/commer cialization and diffusion activities of the Institute, 6 full blown project feasibility studies (PFS), 21 new BOPs were prepared and 28 updated, 3,371 persons were trained through the nationwide conduct of demo-trainings on livelihood technologies, 264 consultancy services were rendered to industry clients, and, 1,790 techni cal information and referral services were provided. In the area of technical services, the Institute realized an income of P9, 047,775.00 from testing, analysis and calibration services, instrument design, fabrication and repair, tax drawback certification, and, sale /utilization of laboratory animals, which is about 20 % higher than the income (F7.5M) of the Institute in 1993 for same services. Likewise, the numbers of samples tested and clients served increased by 14 % and 11%, respectively. A joint project with CERLAB of France on the development of a national infrastructure for metrology was started with the construction of the Metrology Building and arrival of the first shipment of P59 M - worth of equipment during the second quarter of the year. The project aims to upgrade the present metrological testing capability of the Institute in the fields of mass, volume, density, lenght, force, pres sure, temperature, electrical quantities, time and fre quency. The building is scheduled for completion and inauguration in July of 1995 in time for the celebration of the 94th foundation anniversary of the Institute. Two (2) other activities initiated during the year are: Upgrading of the Institute’s testing and calibration laboratories to fully comply with ISO/IEC Guide 25 "General Requirements for the Competence of TEST ING AND CALIBRATION LABORATORIES"; and, a collaborative project with the Bureau of Product Standards (BPS) on the establishment of a Philippine Laboratory Accreditation System (PLAS). One hundred seventy one (171) contract projects were implemented with industries, academe, govern ment, NGOs and individual clients in the areas of R&D, technology transfer, testing/analysis, use of laboratory and pilot plant facilities and preparation of project feasibility studies. This is about 25% increase from that of the 136 contract projects implemented in 1993. Six (6) companies availed of the Services Subscrip tion Program (SSP) of the Institute in the areas of technical information, training and test/analysis. The program was established to provide a mechanism for afastlane delivery of technical services to the industry. Upgrading of manpower base was actively pursued as provided for in the 5-year staff development plan of the Institute. Various training opportunities for person nel were secured and other related activites for profes sional growth and enhancement, such as, participation/attendance to international and local meetings, conferences, symposia were encouraged and supported. A total of 336 personnel availed of these opportunites. Also, during the year, 31 person nel received local and foreign scholarship grants lead ing to master’s and doctorate degrees. In addition to the Surface Coating Research and Development Technical Advisory Committee (SCRD- TAC), the Institute formed the ITDI-Technical Advisory Committee (ITDI-TAC) to help identify other priority areas of operation. The umbrella committee is com posed of 2 representatives from the industry, 1 from a non-government organization (NGO) and 1 from the academe, all of whom actively participated in the review/evaluation of the Institute’s programs/projects. The Institute also signed a memorandum of agree ment with the Philippine Food Processors and Ex porters Organization (PHILFOODEX) to jointly undertake a project, in collaboration with BPS, on the development of standards for ethnic food products, the objectives of which are: to minimize or avoid detention of exported ethnic food products, and, to expand the local and foreign markets for said products. Likewise, the Institute made efforts to reac tivate the Plastics Research and Development Techni cal Advisory Committee (PRD-TAC) and to formally create the Ceramics Research and Development Technical Advisory Committee (CRD-TAC). The Institute was able to implement more focused programs/projects during the year and far exceeded its targets, especially in contract projects and techni cal services to the industry through the rational utiliza tion of its financial resources from the national budget (P169.5 M). Total financial input from external sour ces, through contract projects with industry and with other institutions, amounted to P 12.8 15RCPCT5CSC3S53S3 INDUSTRY - RESPONSIVE S & Z> The ITDI continued to focus its R&D programs/projects along the priority areas of Science and Technology Agenda for National Development (STAND Philippines 2000) namely: export winners, basic domestic needs, support industries and coconut industry. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT jZXPORT WINNERS FABRICATION OF A COMPLIMENTARY EQUIP MENT FOR THE GEMSTONE CUTTING AND POLISHING MACHINE Fabrication of the modified prototype pre-forming and faceting machine is in progress. The modifica tions include the introduction of a. special indexing gear/sprocket system to enable 1x faceting. The software was also modified to ensure uniform facet ing. The semi-automatic machine will pre-form gemstones prior to faceting. Cutting and polishing of gemstones into facets enhance the marketing opportunities of the gemstone industry. DEVELOPMENT OF LOW TEMPERATURE GLASSES FOR FASHION ACCES SORIES/JEWELRY Glasses of the system SiOa-BaOs-NaaO-AlaOs were studied for low temperature (1300 °C) fashion and novelty items. Local materials, such as processed Mt. Pinatubo iahar (non-magnetic portion) was used. The formability/castability and appropriate colorants (cobalt, chromium, copper, molyb denum, & iron) were optimized on actual test products. FORMULATION STUDIES FOR SELF- SINTERED CERAMIC BODIES UTILIZING LAHAR FOR THE EXPORT MARKET Trial formulation studies were conducted using red clay from Montalban, Rizal; Iahar from Pampanga; ball clay and white clay. Actual products were formed by hand throwing and fired at 1150°C. Self-sintered ceramic bodies when fired at a medium-high temperature (1200°C or lower) produce a semi-glossy finish. It commonly utilizes red clays to produce a burnt red or antique color. BENCH SCALE PRODUCTION OF AGAROSE FROM GRACILLARIA SPECIES Scale-up production of Agarose was completed. Agarose is used in molecular biology, genetic en gineering, cell culture, clinical, diagnostics, im munology, etc. Product samples were comparable to commercial Agarose in terms of its physico chemical properties. SEAWEED TABLET AS A NATURAL SOURCE OF IODINE Seaweed tablets, a rich natural source of iodine for the treatment and prevention of thyroid disorder were produced from fresh seaweeds. The product was subjected to pharmacological, microbiological and toxicological testing. Results were satisfactory. Potency tests were also positive. QOCONUT INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT OF A FAST DRYING SYSTEM FOR FRESH COCONUT MEAT An energy efficient and costeffective drying system for coconut meat was designed and fabricated. The system will hygenically produce high quality coconut oil and coconut flakes suitable for human consumption at the same time giving no chance for aflatoxin to develop. Performance testing of the system is on-going. SCALE-UP STUDY ON THE PRODUCTION OF POLYOL ESTERS FROM COCO-BASED CHEMI CALS AS LUBRICANT ADDITIVES Scale-up production of polyol esters was con ducted. Produced Polyolesters are being tested for viscosity and motor engine lubricant. Pilot produc tion will follow. LABORATORY SYNTHESIS OF AMINE OXIDE FROM COCO-BASED CHEMICALS Completed optimization and verification studies of laboratory conditions for the synthesis of tertiary amines. Results of test applications as soften ing/anti-static agent were encouraging. DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS FOR NATA DECOCO Standard specifications for export were submitted for review to the government regulatory board and has been accredited as the National Standard for Nata de Coco in syrup. g UPPORT INDUSTRY BENCH-SCALE PRODUCTION OF SQUALENE AND ITS HYDROCARBON FROM SHARK LIVER OIL Bench scale runs on shark liver oil refining by alkaline neutralization was conducted. Squalene is a poly-unsaturated acrylic hydrocarbon used in the chemical, 1 pharmaceutical, medical and cosmetic industries, contributing to such diversified com pounds as cardiac medicine and skin rejuvenation. It is found to contain high level of Vitamin A. FORMULATION OF CREAMS USING ANTI-BAC TERIAL/ANTI-FUNGAL ISOLATES Verified anti-fungal efficacy of 20 extracted essential oils using potato dextrose agar as the culture media. Preliminary results showed that cinnamon oil contains a potent anti-bacterial and anti-fungal efficacy. RESEARCH ON AFFORESTATION WITH FUNCTIONAL SOIL IMPROVING MATERlALS-lnstitute for Transfer of Industrial Technology- Japan (ITIT) Multi-structural and functional micro-capsules con taining various essential elements required for the promotion of the growth of plants and organisms were developed in the laboratory. The granules contain 30% - 50% core materials of ammonium sulfate. SYNTHESIS OF FOURTH GENERATION BIOCIDES, Department of Science and Technol ogy (DOST) A technology of producing quaternary ammonium salts which when combined in fixed ratio demonstrate significant broad spectrum biocidal activity was developed. Quaternary ammonium compounds are used as biocides, textile auxiliaries and corrosion inhibitors. Importation of the said salt amounted to US$ 1.9 million in 1990. OLEOCHEMICALS FROM COCONUT FOR THE PLASTIC INDUSTRY-Philippine Council for In dustry and Energy Research and Development (PCIERD) Bench scale production of olechemicals derived from coco-based fatty acid was conducted. The synthesized and derived products were Glyceryl monostearate, ethylene bis-stearamide and mettalic soap (Ca and Zn stearate). The products can be use as possible internal and exter nal lubricant in the processing of plastic. CONTROLLED/MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING (C/MAP) Controlled and modified atmosphere packaging for vacuum fried banana chips and dried mango were established. Packaging methods considered were nitrogen flushing, addition of oxygen absorber and vacuum packaging. TREATMENT/UTILIZATION OF FISH PROCESS ING WASTES: FISH OIL OBTAINED AS BY PRODUCT OF FISH MEAL/FISH CANNERY INDUSTRIES-United Nations Development Pro gram (UNDP) ITDI produced oil can be used as a good substitute for linseed and cod liver oil which is usually used as an oil base material for paint production or as softening agent for leather products. Samples (re fined fish oil) were sent to a tannery and a paint company for application testing . TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION OF FISH PROCESSING WASTES: UPGRADING OF TRASH FISH AND CANNERY WASTES TO FOOD AND FEED (UNDP) Completed product formulation and process development of fish powder as flavoring for snack food item and fishmeal for chicken feed. DEVELOPMENT OF SO2 ANALYZER A prototype of a portable equipment to provide an on-site analysis for sulfur dioxide content of the environment was fabricated. The prototype instru ment was developed using an evaluation module for single-chip microcomputer unit and cor responding cross-assemblers for system software coding and debugging. The proto type was as sembled in a double-sided printed circuit board and packaged in a metal enclosuro. Laboratory and field testing were conducted to evaluate instrument performance. PRODUCTION OF GLUCOAMYLASE FOR STARCH SACCHARIFICATION The pilot production of glucoamylase, a hydrolyzing enzyme, using Aspergillus oryzae and a combina tion of brewer ’s spent grain, sweet potatoes and coconut water as substrate was conducted. Glucoamylase is used to enzymatically saccharify starch into glucose which in turn is utilized in the production of high fructose syrup, organic acids, antibiotics, ethanol and others. Stability testing of the product is on-going. PRODUCTION OF MICROBIAL RENN1N Rennin, the milk clotting enzymes presently ob tained from the stomach of young calves was en- zymetically produced in the laboratory by a high rennin producing bacterial mutant. The microbial rennet can be used as a substitute for animal rennet used in the manufacture of cheese. INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION OF PENICIL- LIUM SP, BY PROTOPLAST FUSION-Third World Academy of Science (TWAS) A good quality of antibiotic from a hybrid of penicil- lium was isolated using protoplast fusion techni ques. The bio-assay test showed the anti-microbial activity of the organism and greater yield as com pared to the current production process. PRODUCTION OF MICROFUNGAL MYCELIUM USING AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTES (DOST) A medical bandage combining microfungal mycelium with natural fibers from agricultural was tes such as pineapple peelings, cotton linters, rice straw, was produced at lower cost than the com mercially available brands. The medical bandage is non-toxic and non- allergenic. QTHERS DEVELOPMENT OF PROCESSING TECH NOLOGIES FOR FRUIT ANALOG (PCIERD) Laboratory experiments showed that ’singkamas’ proved to be the suitable raw material for the development of apple pie filling. REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM OF HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES THROUGH THE TELEPHONE A system that remotely monitors and control lights, electrical, and non-electrical devices that can be electrically controlled was developed. It controls various devices through the dual tone multi-fre quency (DTMF) tone commands by using a touch tone telephone or any other DTMF signalling device. FABRICATION OF A ROTARY DRUM DRYER A rotary drum dryer made of stainless steel with a vessel capacity of 2 liters was locally fabricated at a cost of P200,000. The drum dryer used to dry heat-sensitive materials is a steam heater with a knife scraper, effective with dilute solution materials and moderately heavy slurries. LABORATORY SCALE PRODUCTION OF MAN- NAN HYDROLIZING ENZYME Mannanase, an enzyme capable of hydrolizing coconut meat into mannose was produced thru the improved strain of Bacillus subtilis under improved conditions. Mannose which can be produced at high yield from coconut sapal is being used as feedstock for more valuable products like single cell protein, mannitol and alcohol. Mannannase on the other hand can be used as degrading agent to smoothen textures of products in the pulp and paper industry, abaca/fiber industry and the textile industry. It is also used as a bleaching agentep —141 — TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION DIFFUSION AND MOTION Various channels were utilized to reach a greater number of potential users of the Institute’s mature technologies. These included the following: technical inquiry service (TIS), tri- media, exhibits, trainings, lectures and demonstrations. In 1994, a total of 1,790 clients were served thru TIS covering a wide range of topics. Thirteen (13) press releases on the Institute’s livelihood training programs and mature technologies were distributed to media offices from which 126 articles were published in national dailies and 10 in provincial newspapers. And to expand the coverage of potential technology users, nine (9) radio/TV interviews were held. One hundred thirty six (136) technologies, 28 new and 128 existing, were diffused through various means. The following figures show the number and fields of technologies diffused with the corresponding number of recipients: Food 52 1,769 Chemicals 26 450 Ceramics 6 226 Electronics 4 114 Construction Materials 6 82 Pharmaceutical 17 66 Coconut 9 19 Energy 11 18 Microbiology 2 4 Environment 3 71 A total of 246 consultancy services were provided to various clients. The following are some of the companies/business firms availed of this service of the Institute: Shin Yang Co. Inc. Sto. Botanical Center Davao Union Cement Mabuhay Vinyl Mirasol Development Corp. Lorenzana Foods Inc. Kaimon International Florex International Erma Industries Qualitech Chemical Corp. Fil. Oil Induplex Inc. Metro Pacific Corp. Hardware Phils. Inc. Primex MSCOT Agro Industries Inc. A.V. Tantoco Manufacturing 5 Brothers Ind’l. Corp. Alwahat International Trading Sunblest Food Manufacturing Regeneration Phil. RFM Six hundred eighty eight (688) copies of brochures and techno-packages of the institute’s twenty four (24) mature technologies were reproduced and distributed to different clients. Likewise, a total of 1,000 copies of the 2 issues of the ITDI Newsletter and 1,000 copies of the Institute’s 1993 Annual Report were published and circulated. To further enhance its technology information, diffusion and promotion activities, the Institute par ticipated in a technology investment forum, 10 techno-fairs and 17 exhibits held at NCR ana in the regions. Likewise, 114 technology-based livelihood trainings through lectures and demonstrations were conducted nationwide and attended by a total of 3,371 par ticipants. AA TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND O M MERCIALIZATIO N PROGRAM Transfer and commercialization of the Institute’s mature technologies was actively pur sued. Ten (10) technologies were transferred and commercialized in 1994. Technologies commercialized by various industry takers are as follows: " ——...... mBmmma■ Improved process for dried Ms. Vestha Valera On-going production of dried papaya/pine mango Cordillera Autonomous- apple. Commmercial production of dried Region mango will start next mango season. Production of saltbed tiles Mr. Crisencio Tio On-going production. Occidental Mindoro Production of pottery ISGUPA Cooperative On-going production. products Mariveles, Bataan Production of common red Provincial Gov't. On-going production. bricks Lanao del Norte Production of industrial Mr. Marfin Tan Completed the renovation of 2 hectares grade salt Saranggani Province saltfarm based ITDl's recommendations. Trial production will be conducted. Production of herbal tea Cafe de Silang On-going semicommercial production Silang, Cavite using ITDl’s facilities. Commercial product ion facilities are being set-up at Silang, Cavite. Production of ceramic Ruvic Enterprises On-going semicommercial production handles and knobs for Paranaque, M.M. using ITDl’s facilities. A project feasibility baskets study was also prepared for the client for expansion of his existing small scale pro duction facility. ; Production of alkyl COCOCHEM Commercial production facilities have phosphate Bauan, Batangas been set up and to be operational after completion of the application testing. Production of ceramic C.S. Manrique Enterprises On-going semicommercial production novelty wares San Pedro, Laguna using ITDI facilities. Client has plans to scale up his existing production facilities. Application of rice hull NAPHIRE Fabrication of 21 units on-going. fed gasifier/combustor for CLSU, Nueva Ecija palay drying^ ITDI entered into contract projects with industry, government and non-government CONTRACT ROJECTS organizations, academe and other client par P ties in 1994. Contracts included the following: research and development (R&D); techno transfer; technical assistance and use of facilities. Research & Development Product Improvement of Concentrated Orange Drink in Samuya Food Manufacturing, Inc. Bottles Pasay City Process Development on the Extraction/Purification of Precious Oil Corporation Squalene Shark Liver Oil Mr. Gaudencio Senarillos, Jr. Cagayan de Oro City Processing of Carbide Hydrate MCCI Corporation Makati, Metro Manila Production of Quality Bath Soap Philippine Coconut Authority Diliman, Quezon City Deutsche Gesellschaft Fuer Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH PCA Research Center Scale-up Process of Recovering Feldspar from Lahar Borvelsen Enterprises Mandaluyong, Metro Manila Extraction of Champaca Oil Mr. Victor Rescober BEAM Scientific Massage Service Guadalupe, Makati, M.M. Production of Sample Products for Trial Usage Assistco Energy & Industrial Corporation in its Grinding Operation as Substitute to Imported Pasong Tamo Ext., Makati Grinding Balls Metro Manila Preparation of Zeolite from Sodium Silicate and Integral Chemical Corporation Sodium Aluminate (Verification of production process of Mandaluyomg.M.M. zeolite) Development of Standards for Nata de Coco Philippine Food Processors and Exporters Organization PICC, CCP Complex Roxas Blvd., Pasay City Development of Standards for Ethnic Food Products Bureau of Foods and Drugs Administration Aiabang, Metro Manila Product Development of Glutinous Rice Flours Tri-sphere Inter-trade Corporation Using a Local Variety of Rice Tinejeros, Malabon, M.M. Production of 40 pcs.Refractory Crucibles Republic-Asahi Glass Pasig, Metro Manila Production of Polysterene Holder for Plastic/ Porcelain Teeth Al Tripon Company Using Injection Molding Machine Paranaque, M.M. R&D Studies in Inorganic Minerals Including Waste JOJ Trading, Inc. Utilization Mandaluyong, M.M. Laboratory Beneficiation of Siruma Clay Engr. Ricardo A. Banares Production of Quality Gulaman Bars from DOST Region 3 / Seaweeds Bigkis Bulacan Inc. Formulation Study on Clay Sample Rey Agcaoili Project 8, Quezon City Production of Mango Puree and Ready to Drink Mango EDR Phil. Food Industry Group Juice Balintawak, Quezon City Preliminary Testing and Formulation Study of Clay Samples DOST Region 3 San Fernando, Pampanga Biological Conversion of Wastes into Useful Products Silver Swan Mfg. Co.,Inc. Malabon, Metro Manila Production of 7-7 Herbal Tea (Shelf Life Study) IRF Cafe de Silang Lalaan II, Silang, Cavite Extraction of Volatile Oils from Guava and Ms. Elsa Dumaraos and Co. Avocado Leaves College of Nursing and Midwifery De La Salle University-Aguinaldo Dasmarinas, Cavite Production of 500 pcs. Porcelain Holders ASSISTCO Energy and Industrial Corp. Makati, Metro Manila technology Transfer Calamansi Food Products Processing Plant Bancuro Credit and Development Coop. Inc. Establishment of a Common Clay Brick Plant Rizal East Multipurpose Cooperative, Inc. San Isidro, Isabela Common Service Facility for Production of Bricks Provincial Government of Lanao del Norte and Rooftiles Baroy, Landao del Norte Distribution Center (DC) for Low Cost Laundry Soap DOST, Cordillera Administrative Region Mountain Province State Polytechnic College DOST Reg. 12, Samburon Farmers & Rural Improvement Club Samburon, Lanao del Norte Distribution Center (DC) for Low Cost Laundry Soap DOST Region X, Provincial Rural Improvement Multi-Purpose Cooperative DOST Region XI Bisiig Development Coop. DOST Region XI Barangay Central Homeowner Prod. Asso. DOST Region ill Municipal Government of Anao, Tarlac Production of Industrial Grade Salt Chemdyes Corporation Mandaluyong, Metro Manila DOST Region XI, SAFI Salt Industry, Inc. Alabel, Sarangani, Mindanao Construction of Shuttle Kiln with Combustor Mr. Crisencio Tio San Jose, Mindoro Occidental Production of Industrial Grade Salt DOST, Regional Office XI SAFI Salt Industry, Inc. Alabel, Sarangani, Mindanao Production of Mushroom Spawns and Tissue Culture Local Government of Bais City for Cut Flowers Setting-Up of an Integrated Coconut Plant DOST Region 1 Municipality of Candon, llocos Sur Setting Up of Facilities for Mango Processing DOST-CAR Mrs. Vestha Valera Bangued, Abra Setting-Up of a Ground Coffee Processing Plant Mayor Alexander Bistuyong Municipality of Suyo, llocos Sur Production of Surimi and Surimi-based Products DOST REG. IX SR Seafoods, International, Inc. Zamboanga City Resting and Analysis 1 Analyses of Gmelina (Gmelina arborea) Ms. Brenda L. Nazareth DOST Region 9 Testing/Evaluation Refractory Raw Materials and Products Assistco Energy & Industrial Corporatio n Makati,.Metro Manila Preliminary Evaluation/Assessment of Clay Sample Materials Sonya Gatmaitan SILAC, Roxas City, Capiz Asia Ceramics, Cubao, Quezon City Philippine Agri-Tech Organizers, Inc. Makati, Metro Manila Mr. Rodolfo Pordigon Dept, of Energy & Natural Resources Region IX Philippine Ports, Port Area, Manila Pamahay Development Corp. Makati, Metro Manila Ms. Maria Fe Gonzales Prov. Coordinator, Provincial Science & Tech. Center, DOST, AGusan del Norte Mr. Rey Agcaoili Project 8, Quezon City Ms. Niki Conlu ' ' L.A. Conlu Realty Dev. Corp. Roxas City Mines & Geosciences Dev., DENRIV Roxas Blvd., Manila Herminio Maravilla Iloilo City Ostrea Mineral Laboratory Paco, Manila • Ms. Heidi Somongsong „ Royal Tatung Inc., Quezon City Dr. Fernando B. Lugay Cubao, Quezon City Preparation of Tensile/Elongation/Impact Test Specimens of Fibertex Corporation Polyamide Resin Samples Taytay, Rizal Assessment/Evaluation of Soil and Brick Samples Mr. Rey Flores Dinalupihan, Batan Assessment/Evaluation of Kaolin Clay ’ Mr. Rodolfo Pordigon Paracale, Camarines Norte Physical Testing/Evaluation of Tile Samples EEI Corporation, Libis, Quezon City Evaluation of Ceramic Products Saranga Ceramics Las Pinas, Metro Manila Test Firing and Evaluation of Formulated Stoneware Body Heidi Somongsong Royal Tatung, Inc. Physical Testing/Evaluation of Refractory Bricks Ms. Nanie Fidelino Bureau of Products Standards Makati, M.M. Physical Evaluation of Ceramic Tiles/Porcelain Wall Lining Pioneer Ceramics Inc. Samples Pasig, Metro Manila. Evaluation of Brick Samples Ms. Jenny Ledrez DBR Makati, Metro Manila Physical Evaluation/Assessment of Refractory Castable. Consolidated Refractories Co., Inc. Material Pasay Road, Makati, M.M. Mr. Sweneredo R. Abarca VF Metal Corporation, Cainta, Rizal BF Metal Corporation, Cainta, Rizal Evaluation of Fireproofing Materials for Building Construction Rebtrade International Corporation Mandaluyong, M.M. Evaluation of Building Construction Materials and Products Rebtrade International Corporation Mandaluyong, M.M Firing Test of Clay Samples Mara Filipina, Quezon City Determination of Thermal Expansion of Dolomite Body Philippine Ceramic Clay Industries Evaluation of Fibrin Reinforced Concrete Tertex International Philippines Makati, M.M. Physical Evaluation of Ceramic Tile Samples Pioneer Ceramics, Pasig, Metro Manila Heat Penetration Measurements on 12 Newton Products Newton Poor Corportion Valenzuela, Metro Manila Evaluation of Concrete Tiles ERA Industries San Jose del Monte Bulacan Evaluation of Brick Formulations Mrs. Virgilia V. Ragotero DOST Region IV, San Pablo City Preparation of Tensile Test Specimens Fibertex Corporation of Polyamide Plastic Sample Taytay, Rizal Preliminary Evaluation/Assessment of Formulated Ceramic . Legacy Creations Body Paranaque, M.M. feasibility Studies/Business Opportunity Plans Feasibility Study on the Commercial Production of Jones Agro Producers' Banana Flour, Banana Catsup and Banana Vinegar Cooperative, Inc., Isabela Feasibility Study on Seaweed Processing Provincial Government of Antique San Jose, Antique BOP on the Production of Ceramic Handles and Knobs RUVIC Enterprises for Baskets Paranaque, M.M. BOP on Meat Processing Datu Abdullah Dimaporo, lligan City Lanao del Norte fabrication of Equipment Fabrication of Low-Cost Soap Production Equipment ITDI-Employees ’ Welfare Association Establishment of a Batch Type Vacuum Frying Food DOST Region 8 Processing Center Brgy. Balire, Barugo, Leyte Fabrication of Vacuum Frier DOST Regional Office VIII, Tacloban City Fabrication of 1 unit Gasifier Combustor Primus Manufacturing International Corp., Kalayaan, Laguna Development of Prototype Wood-fired Stove Using Maximo Mendoza Local Materials ' Manalo, Quezon City Design, Fabrication and Assembly of PCB Softwares Ventures International Pasig, Metro Manila Design and Technical Assistance/Supervision World Integrated Technology System in the Fabrication of a Vacuum Frying Equipment fechnology Business Incubators Use of Facilities for the Production of Ceramic C. S. Manrique and Associates Novelty Wares San Pedro, Laguna Production of Vacuum Fried Fruits Millennia Products, Inc. Cubao, Quezon City Production of Ceramic Knobs and Handles RUVIC Enterprises Paranaque, M.M. Commercial production of Pito-pito Herbal Tea IRF/Cafe de Silang Lalaan II, Silang, Cavite technical Assistance 1 Calibration and Testing Laboratories Department of Trade and Industry Regional Calibration and Testing Center (RCTC) DOST Region 9 Preliminary Evaluation/Assessment of Legacy Collection Formulated Ceramic Body Paranaque, M.M. Test Run Operations of Brick Plant DOST 1, San Juan, La Union Upgrading of Ceramics Equipment TAPI-DOST Reg. XII Mindanao State University, Marawi, City Technical Cooperation for Instrument Calibration Semiconductor Electronics Industries Foundation, Inc. (SEIFI) Makati, Metro Manila Production of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate MCCI Corporation, Makati, M.M. Air/Sound Monitoring Studies Metro Rail Transit, Tramo, Baclaran Technical Cooperation and Linkages in the Surface PAPM - Eriberto Pineda Coating Industry PAPIM -Bernardino C. Paco SPIK - Luis G. Fernando Preparation of Design/Working Food and Nutrition Research Institute Drawings/Fabrication of a Mechanical Control Rice Bicutan, Taguig, M.M. Grain Feeder Use of Facilities in Extracting Meat/Oil Demontano Foundation from Pili Nut Makati, Metro Manila Setting-Up of a Brick Plant TUP, Visayas/MIRDC-TAPI-DOST VI Utilization of Organic Fibers H.M. Montenegro Group of Companies as Filler of Polyolefins Pasay Road, Makati Determining the Maximum Penafrancia Sugar Mill Service Temperature of Firebrick Formulations Pili, Camarines, Sur Preparation of Test Specimens of 9 Types of Fibertex Corporation Polyamide (Nylon 6) Plastic Sample Materials Taytay, Rizal Air/Sound Monitoring Studies Machinen & Technik, Inc. Sucat, Paranaque, M.M. ^RAINING Ceramic Artware Production/Pottery Making Ma. Aurora H. Bumatay Cubao, Quezon City Glassblowing training Office of the Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, MSU, Tambler, General Santos Vacuum Fried Banana Chips TOP-NOTCH Industrial Services Corp. Paranaque, M.M. Hands-on Training on HPLC Philippine Association of Laboratory Instrumenm Users (PALIU) Commercial Production of Fruit Juice Mr. Judson U. Grino VICTUALS INC., Jaro, Iloilo City Wastewater Analysis Mr. Toshio Koda Plant Manager, Yakult Philippines, Inc. Ermita, Manila Plastics Technology and Processing Ms. Elvira Ting Vice-President, Plastic City Voluntary training at Material Science Division Janice Lynn Plado Paranaque, M.M. Dried Mango/Mango Puree Processing Ms. Karen Arambulo-Almeda Geryasia Enterprises & Realty Corp. Makati, Metro Manila Mushroom Production Special Forces Regiment Philippine Army, Fort Bonifacio, M.M. Hands-on training on Ceramic Materials/Product: Misses Jobel G. Chua /Maria Ceiina. David Characterization/Identification/Production Asian Institute Of Management Makati, M.M. Techniques in Glasswares Repair Ms. Emiiiana R. Tadeo College of Arts & Sciences Dept, of Chemistry, TUP, Manila Production of Refractory Angle Posts /Sticks RUVIC Enterprises Paranaque, Metro Manila Use of Grinder and Dryer Ephpheta Foundation for the Blind, Inc. Loyola House of Studies, Quezon City Processing of Ceramic Clay Body Saranga Ceramics Las Pinas, M.M. Dry Milling of Gypsum Powder Luis M. Garcia Quezon City Drying/Grinding of Coco-Fatty Alcohol Sulfate Ephpheta Foundation for the Blind, Inc. Loyola House of Studies, Quezon City Glost Firing Clay Art Philippines Manufacturing Corp. Las Pinas, Metro Manila Methyl Ester Reactor Consolid System Philippines, Inc. Makati, M.M. Filtering of Glycerin Philprime Chemical Corporation Paranaque, M.M. Use of Facilities for the Tofu-based Ice Cream Plant Ms. Ma. Michelle Sullera Ms. Aleli Tumibay Mr. Kenneth Leoncio Reyes College of Engineering UP Diliman, Quezon City Drying of Sliced Baked Breads and Ground/Pulverized Breads Mix Plant Inc., Quezon City Firing of Ceramic Wares Panaramics Mfg. Corp Caloocan City Glaze Formulation Studies and Training of Staff Asia Ceramics Cubao, Quezon City Kiln and Blunger for Test Firing of Porcelain Clemente Manrique Materials San Pedro, Laguna Dry Milling and Screening of of Gympsum Powder Mr. Luis M. Garcia Quezon City Grinding of Ipil-ipil Seeds Mr. Allan Oppus and Co. Chemical Engineering Dept. UST, Espana, Manila Extraction of Octacosanol from Rice Wax (lipase method) Ms. Ruena L. Palaca Chemical Engineering Department University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City Grinding Machine to Process Sodium Coco-fatty Alcohol Five Brothers Industrial Corporation Sulfate (SCFAS) Makati, Metro Manila XRF Facility Mr. Arvin G. Simeon PCIERD, Bicutan, Metro Manila Extraction of Oil from Cinnamomum Mindanaense Mr. Leo B. Marzan Zamboanga del Sur Extraction of Oil From Silkworm Pupa Miss Carina Cleofas Baguio City Soap Making Equipment Mr. Ruben M. Villostas Top-Notch Industrial Services Paranaque, Metro Manila Laboratory Hot Roll Mill Aurelio L. Tabornal Puyat Vinyl Products, Makati, M.M. Deodorizing Unit and Accessories Kemwerke Incorporated Malibay, Pasay City Extraction of Octacosanol from Rice Bran Wax Ms. Erlinda Olivar-Yape Chemical Engineering Department UP Diliman, Quezon City Experimental Samples of Vinyl Floor Tiles Puyat Vinyl Products/ Makati, M.M. Firing of Refractory Materials ASSISTCO Energy & Industrial Corp. Makati, M.M. Processing of Versatex High Profile Paint Product. Dutch Boy Philippines Makati, M.M. Pulverization of Dried Vegetable Products SAMPACA Marketing Corp. SFDM, Quezon City Processing of sodium Coco-fatty Alcohol Sulfate Mr. Cornelo A. Marquinez for Soap Making Sta. Teresita, Lipa Batangas Shuttle Kiln and TBI space Asia Ceramics Guiguinto, Bulacan Processing of Ceramic Clay Body Sarangga Ceramics Las Pinas, M.M. Grinding Machine Mr. Cornelio A. Marquinez Sta. Teresita, Lipa, Batangas Hydrogenation of Refined Bleached Deodorized (RBD) Mr. Mariano N. Cacho 111 Coconut and Palm Oils SBU Coordinator Fats and Oils Division, RFM Corp. Makati, Matro Manila Gas Chromatography Ms. Analiza Roblon Firing of Terra Cotta Ms. Alicia Diaz This is a program established to provide a mechanism for a fast lane delivery of technical services to the industry; enhance and expand the capabilities of ITDI to provide technical services to industry and pro vide proper incentives to analysts and researchers; encourage industry to undertake research and development (R&D) and avail of technical services for the enhancement of productivity and quality; and, assist in S ervices S ubscription P rogram the technological development of the country through the technology-industry linkage. Subcribers to SSP enjoy the following benefits: fast lane processing of samples for tests and analyses; research and testing facilities of the Institute; contract researches at reduced cost; technologies adaptable to local requirements; latest/updated information on new services and technologies at the Institute; and, technical manpower training and apprenticeship. The following are the current subscribers: EXXON Chemical A technical Info./ ' P 25,000 one (1) year Philippines Training Gourmet Farms, Inc. B Technical Info./ 50,000 two (2) years Ayala Ave., Makati City Tests & Analyses . 3M Philippines, Inc. B Technical Info. • 50,000 two (2) years Makati City Tests & Analyses ■ Pilipinas Activated Carbon B " Technical Info. 50,000 two (2) years Tests & Analyses D & L Industries, Inc. A Technical Info. 25,000 one (1) year Technical Training RESINS, Inc. A Technical Info. 25,000 one (1) year Technical Training is / HUMAN ESOURCES DEVELOPMENT To upgrade the manpower capability of the ITDI, a total of 336 personnel availed of various staff development activities such as fellowships, meetings, seminars and local/foreign scholarships leading to M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in various disciplines. Of this total, 31 received scholarship grants leading to academic degrees. As a result, 6 graduated with masters degrees from local and foreign schools (1 in chemistry, 1 .in biochemistry, 3 in Environmental Science, 1 in Microbiology). The others are still pursuing their master’s or doctorate degrees under local and foreign grants (See Table 1). ITDI staff also attended a total of 305 trainings/workshops/symposia/visits and meetings, 47 of which are foreign (See Table 3). ; SCHOLARS.# PROOFS LEAp!#W#A6#eD#REE -h’%-^ :- * Degreer A;: v = Local SchblarWhip^T .‘^i^Eqreigfi.S'ctiotef^ip^^;^ Master of Science (M.S.) Biochemistry • 1* Biology 1 Chemical Engineering 1 Chemistry 3 1* Electronics/Communication 1 Engineering 2 Environmental Science 2** 3* ’ Food Science 3 2 Information Technology 1 Material Science 3 Mettalurgical Engineering 1 Microbiology 1* Pharmacy 1 TOTAL 14 13 Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Biotechnology 1 Chemistry 1 o Environmental Science 1 Microbiology 1 TOTAL 2 2 GRAND TOTAL 16 15 * One (1) Graduated ** Two (2) Graduated Table 2 ITDI PERSONNEL MANPOWER RESOURCES , 9 Ph.D’s 5 Candidate for Ph.D. 45 MS Degree Holders 82 BS Graduates, mostly with MS units 216 BS/AB Graduates 140 Others 497 TOTAL Wm ~ W* ■ _, * • v<- • ; ‘m *j sty t * Accounting 8 Animal Science 3 Auditing 1 Biotechnology 7 11 Calibration 3 Chemical Engineering 10 Chemistry 10 3 Communications 1 Computer Science 7 Dental Science 2 Electrical 2 Electronics 4 1 Energy 6 1 Engineering 8 Environmental Science 6 Environmental Impact Assessment 1 Enzymology 1 Financial Management 12 Fluidization 1 Food Packaging 11 Food Preservation 6 Food Technology 5 3 Genetics 2 2 Hazards Analysis 3 Health and Safety 5 I nformation Technology 0 1 2 Instrumentation 13 Intellectual Property Rights 2 Internal Control 6 Library Management 5 Management 10 1 Marketing 2 Material Science " 2 4 Medical Technology ' 2 Metrology 10 Microbiology 35 2 Mycology 1 Nuclear Energy 1 Oleochemicals 3 Paint Technology 1 Pharmacology 9 Pharmaceuticals 3 Petrochemicals 1 Pollution Control 1 Process Control 1 Property and Supply Management - 5 Radiation 7 Records Management 1 Refrigeration 1 Quality Control 12 Standards 10 1 Stock Market 1 Taxation 1 Terra Cotta 1 Toxicology 1 TOTAL 258 47 Pilot Plant Production of Silica and Subsequent Production Completed lead lining of the reactor of Moisture Indicating Silica Gel to be used in pilot production. Verified established processing parameters in preparationfor scale- up production. Development of a Continuous Multi-purpose Ashing Equip Completed fabrication of ashing ment for the Processing of Rice Hulls into Agri-industrial equipment. Ongoing test runs to Chemicals determine the maximum efficiency of the machine. Antidiabetic Substances from Philippine Plants Leaves of malunggay, duhat and cassia fistula were dried and ground in powdered form. Presently undergoing physico chemical analysis to determine its product composition.Ongoing evaluation of stability test results for anti-diabetic properties and presence of bacteria.. Development of USP Grade Lambda-Carrageenan from Completed. Halymenia species Production and Utilization of Manila Elemi Oil for Phar Completed. maceutical and Cosmetic industries Bench Scale Production of Agarose from Gracillaria Species Completed Formulation of Creams Using Anti-Bacterial/ Anti-Fungal Verified anti-fungal efficacy of 20 ex Isolates tracted essential oils. Conducted stability studies. Done dosage formulation studies using cinnamon bark oil, elemi oil and ilang-ilang. Sensitivity and biological tests to follow. Seaweed Tablet as a Natural Source of Iodine Completed. Synthesis of Purified Mono-laurine and Its Application Optimized laboratory conditions for the production of mono-laurine. Verified established parameters for bench scale production. Ongoing establishment of analytical method for the monolaurine analysis. Scale-up Study on the Production of Polyol Esters from Completed Coco-based Chemicals as Lubricant Additives Funded under ITDI Budget Synthesis of Polyglycerol Esters from Coco-based Chemi Completed laboratory scale cals verification studies. Ongoing bench scale production and product characterization. Laboratory Synthesis of Amine Oxide from Coco-Based Completed Chemicals Bench-Scale Production of Squalene and its Hydrocarbon Optimized laboratory conditions for from Shark Liver Oil the extraction of squalene. Ongo ing bench scale runs and product characterization. Enhancing the Quality of Local Dried Fish Through the Completed chemical analysis of Development of Product Standards samples collected from Regions 4,5, 6,7, 8, & 10. Prepared prelimi nary draft of standards for dried fish. Development of Standards for Ethic Foods (Dry Mixes) Eighty (80) product samples from several companies were subjected to physico-chemical and micro- mycotoxin analysis. Development of Chicken Powder Verified laboratory scale results and process procedure. Accept ability being evaluated by Nestle. Utilization of Coconut Water Waste Into Fermented Vinegar Standardized process for fer mented vinegar using laboratory scale acetator. Ongoing pilot production. Establishment of a Service Facility for Controlled and Completed Modified Atmosphere Packaging (C/MAP) Upgrading the Export Competitiveness of Locally Produced Determined the effects of Dried Mangoes thickness, sugar concentration, drying temperature, drying rate, sulfite concentration, anti oxidants, bulking agents and food colors on the quality of dried mango. Conducted shelf-life testing of 5 commercial brands of dried mangoes. Development of Standards for Nata de Coco Completed Bench Scale Production of Oxytetracycline and Chlor- Optimized parameters using parent Tetracycline strain for oxy-tetracycline and chlor-tetracycline with 2G/L yield. Conducted bench scale production of both antibiotics with a 1G/L and 2G/L yield, respectively. Laboratory Scale Production of Phenylalanine by Screened regulatory and Auxotrophic and Regulatory Mutants auxotrophic mutants which is high- yielding for phenylalanine. Out of the 6 mutants, only one yielded minimal phenylalanine based on thin layer chromatography assay. Culture Collection Continuously rejuvenated and maintained microorganisms and released cultures mainly for nata, vinegar, and soy sauce production to small scale entrepreneurs, and other interested parties. Bench Scale Production of Alkaline Proteases Conducted inoculum build up using 2L and 14L fermenters. Per formed partial purification of the crude enzyme at 80% saturation of ammonium sulfate. Different media for the propagation of the inoculum was studied. Production of Yeast and Yeast Extract Continued optimization of fermen tation parameters using ILfermen- tor. Strain Improvement of Nata Organism A promising mutant was obtained after UV irradiation of MGD strain. This mutant was subjected to 3 sequential treatments with UV and EMS (chemical mutagen). Mutants obtained were screened for nata formation. Purification and Application of Bacterial Rennet Completed Microbial Production of B-Carotene Isolated a high-yielding B-Carotene producing organism. Ongoing op timization of fermentation- parameters. Optimization of Yeast Inoculum Build-Up for Alcohol A yeast strain (S. cerevisiae) was Production selected based on applicability in actual distillery operations. Shake flask fermentation was done Fed- batch operation was tested on a 14L scale. Tissue Culture of Selected Ornamental Plants (Anthurium) Cultured explants from young leaves of anthurium seedlings in dif ferent media formulations. Studied callus induction from young leaf sections of anthurium using Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. The addition of coconut water and growth hormones enhanced callus formation. -.STATUS Interspecific Hybridization Between Agaricus spp. By Fusion Isolated protoplasts from genetical Protoplasts ly marked strains of Somatic Agaricus mushrooms.Regenerated protoplasts from Agaricus spp. Fusant strains derived from protoplast fusion were isolated and cultural requirements were evaluated for the actual production of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms. Fabrication of Computer-Coupled Rotary Drum Dryer Completed Laboratory Scale Production of Cephalosporin C Performed shake flask experiments forthe selection of a better medium. Produced Cephalosporin C under optimized conditions. Laboratory Scale Production of Mannan Hydrolyzing En Completed zyme Laboratory Scale Production of Cyclodextrine Screened isolated strains for lucanotransferase (CGTase) for Conversion of Starch into CGTase production. Conducted Cyclodextrins strain improvement of a potential CGTase-producing isolate. About 190 mutants were isolated, out of which 6 mutants were selected and tested. Source Reduction of Chlorinated Solvents Industries using solvent were indentified. The project will focus on the electronics industry asit produce a lot of chlorinated sol vents.. Environmental Impact Studies of Plastic Manufacturing Conducted plant visits/ocular Industries Located in Metro Manila inspections and preliminary as sessment of the general environ mental conditions of five companies in Metro Manila. Literature Research on the Desalination of Sea Water for Completed Drinking Purposes Hazardous Waste Management in Research and Guidelines for waste inventory, Development Institutions storage and treatment of hazard ous waste for research and development institutions was com pleted. Quantitative Risk Assessment of Mining Industries Utilizing Completed Coal Solidification/ Encapsulation of Heavy Metal Bearing Completed studies on polymeric Sludges " encapsulation. On-going formulation studies on cementatious encapsulation. Biological Treatment of Heavy Metals Conducted experimental runs on the'treatment of heavy metals with dried algae biomass. Development of Incinerator for the Disposal of Solid Wastes Completed fabrication of all com ponents of the incinerator. Set- up and initial testings were done prior to operation. Establishment of a Databank for Waste Minimization Gathered literature on projects related to waste minimization and other reference materials including clean technologies for pulp and paper. Trace Metal Analyzer Completed the establishment of partial and general specifications and system design for the hardware (partially prototyped), software and mechanical require ments. Development of a Graphical User Interface for the Identified software components/ Generic Data Acquisition and Control System modules & started writing com puter programs for these modules. Remote Control Through the Telephone: Control of Completed Household Devices By Phone for Safety, Convenience, Burglary Protection Simultaneous Production of Energy and Amorphous Silica Completed preliminary design of from Rice Husk the furnace and tested/analyzed the rice husk to be used. Development of a Fast Drying System for Coconut Completed design and fabrication of a fast drying equipment for coconut meat. Development of High Alumina Cement and Castables Utiliz Conducted formulation studies ing Local Materials using local materials such as grog and alumina cement. Formed and fired test pieces at varying temperatures and determined its properties. Utilization of Synthetic Apatite for Export Quality Ceramic Conducted formulation studies for Decoratives the production of synthetic apatite using CaHPO , CaCOs, kaolin, feldspar and silica. Two formula tions with good properties were selected. Properties ofthe bone china body were measured and selection of the optimum firing condition was done. Advanced Ceramic Application of Industrial Wastes (i.e. C&S Conducted formulation studies Crucibles) using silica sand, calcined clay and raw clay. Formed and fired test pieces at varying temperatures and determined its properties. Effect of Local Limestone on the Microstructure: Completed Electrical Characteristic of Piezoelectric Ceramics Synthesis and Processing of Cordierite for Use in the Conducted formulation studies Electronics Industry using pure reagents (AI2O3, MgO and SiOa) were made in the vicinity of the 2Mg 0.2Al203.5Si02 system. The physical, chemical and thermal properties of the synthesized- ' material were determined. Study on the Production of CHB Using Industrial Waste Conducted experiments on ce Materials ment- marble dust-lahar system. Tests pieces were formed, cured and compressive strength was determined after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Results showed that the sys tem can be used in the production of load bearing blocks. Alkaline Reactivity of Pinatubo Volcanic Ash in Concrete Conducted formulation studies on pyroclastic falls collected from several rivers. Tests pieces were formed and observed for changes in dimensions. Utilization of Waste Marble for Industrial Application Conducted experiments on the processing of marble dust by carbonation method to produce precipitated calcium carbonate. Product obtained was evaluated. Preliminary experiments on the suitability of marble dust as filler for resin bonded wares were also conducted. Synthesis of Mullite from Local Material Completed laboratory phase for mulation studies of mullite slabs. Synthesis and Application of Spinel: For Basic Refractories Conducted formulation studies using local dolomite as starting material. Formed and fired test pieces at 1300C with 2 hours soaking. XRD, SEM and physical properties of synthesized material were determined. Processing of Mixed Plastics Waste Plastic scarps such as polyethylene, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride were shredded/ granulated and reprocessed separately by extrusion. Several formulations were prepared using varying level of compatibilizing agent. Test specimens were formed for tensile, elongation and impact test to determine its proper ties. Optimum Processing Condition of PVC: Study 1: PVC Pipes PVC Pipes and Fittings - Conducted and Fittings Study 2: PVC Containers Study 3: PVC characterization studies of PVC Films/Sheets resin, stabilizers, etc. Conducted formulation studies by varying content of heat stabilizers/ lubricants PVC Containers-Conducted formulation studies on PVC bottles, containers and pipes using PVC resin, stabilizers, lubricants, processing aids and impact modifiers. Formulated resin were formed into sheets using a two roll mixer and the compression mould ing machine. Processing parameters were established. PVC Films/Sheets-Conducted formulation studies using PVC resin, stabilizers, plasticizers, fillers, etc. These formulations were evaluated and characterized by in jection molding. Preparation/Characterization of LDPE Starch Semi- Prepared plastic sheets using a Biodegradable Plastics compression moulding machine. Determined the optimum process ing parameters for sample preparation. Determined the tensile strength and elongation, microstructure, thermal analysis, chemical structure and biodegradability of test specimens. Synthesis of Forsterite as Potential Refractory Material Utiliz Conducted formulation studies ing Rice Hull Ash using calcined rice hull ash and B203 as raw materials. Test pieces were formed and fired at diffeent temperatures. The most promising formulation wasselected and addi tional test pieces were formed and tested. Development of Low Temperature Glasses for Fashion Glasses of the system S1O2-B2O3- Accessories/Jewelry Na20-Al2C>3 were studied for low temperature (1300°C) fashion and novelty items. Local materials such as processed Mt. Pinatubo lahar (non-magnetic portion) and colorants were used in the study. The formability/castability and ap propriate colorants were optimized on actual test products. Prototyping of Silicon Carbide Based Refractories Conducted formulation studies of silicon carbide based refractories using plastic refractory clay and SiC. Actual sized SiC test slabs were formed and fired at 1400°C. Test slabs were subjected to perfor mance testing. Formulation Studies for Self-Sintered Ceramic Bodies Utiliz- Conducted formulation studies on ing Lahar for the Export Market self-sintered or self-glazed ceramic bodies using red clay from Montalban, Rizal, lahar from Pampanga, ball clay and white clay. Formed test pieces and determined the physical properties.Based on these properties the most promis ing formulation was studied and formed using three methods: cast ing, jiggering and throwing. Of the three, hand throwing was found to be the most suitable forming method at 1150°C firing tempera ture. Development of "Neoparies" Glass-Ceramic Material for Use Conducted formulation studies in Building Construction utilizing lahar. The lahar was melted at 1500°C and converted to glass. The formulations were sub jected to different heat treatment schedules for conversion to glass ceramics. Utilization of Ceramic Materials from Bukidnon for Export Conducted formulations studies Quality Whitewares using white clays from Bukidnon and Cagayan de Oro. Formulation of glaze body was also done. Tests/analyses of the body/glaze formulation were conducted.^ tiGSKSi'**'. The ITDI through the Standards and Testing Division collected a total income of P9,047,775.00 derived from requests for testing and analyti cal services rendered to a total of 31,515 industrial samples submitted by various industries. The technical services provided through the ITDI’s standards and testing laboratories, include the following: 1) testing and analytical services; 2) certification of formula of conversion; 3) calibra- tion of instruments and standards; 4) repair STANDARDS and fabrication of scientific equipment and AND apparatus; and 5) sale of laboratory animals. ESTING SERVICES Upgrading of the Institute’s testing and calibration laboratories were undertaken to 7 fully comply with ISO/I EC Guide 25 "General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories". A collabora tive project with the Bureau of Product Stand TOTAL FEES COLLECTED ards on the establishment of a Philippine (In Millions of Pesos) Laboratory Accreditation System (PLAS) was also undertaken. a, FEES COLLECTED % .(IN MILLIONS g OF PESOS) Pie chart 1 illustrates the number of TESTING/ANALYSES 5.720 63.2 samples tested and Pie chart 2 shows the total fees collected. CALIBRATION 2.184 24.1 I1 CERTIFICATION 0.966 10.7 F P SALES 0.082 0.9 r- PROJECT 0.050 0.6 0 REPAIR/FABRICATION 0.041 0.4 K OTHER SERVICES 0.008 0.1 9 TOTAL NUMBER OF SAMPLES TESTED (In Thousands) i SAMPLES TESTED n Number of samples tested (IN THOUSANDS) % 1 TESTS/ANALYSES 16.134 51.2 CERTIFICATION 3.381 10.7 CALIBRATION 9.436 30.0 1 REPAIR/FABRICATION 0.382 1.2 1 SALES 1.950 6.2 OTHER SERVICES 0.104 0.3 I ! I I ' I i i I I PROJECT 0.128 0.4 Total fees collected ALLOCATION OF ITDI UDGET BY ACTIVITY DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURES AllOlMENI ON MILLIONS OF PESOS) S&r SERVICES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT GENERAL ADMINISIRA1ION sar EDUCATION AND TRAINING STATEMENT OF INCOME (From January 1, 1994 to December 1994) OPERATING AND SERVICE INCOME AMOUNT GOVERNMENT SERVICE (57-100) Test and Analyses P 5,597,151.50 Calibration 2,108,633.35 Certification 996,780.50 INTEREST INCOME (57-300) 466,610.38 RENTALS (57-600) 6,500.00 MISCELLANEOUS (57-900) Repair and Fabrication of Scientific Equipment 30,350.00 Sale of nata/mother vinegar 31,838.00 Sale of Mushroom yeast and Chemical preservatives 65,730.00 Sale of laboratory animals 13,358.00 DIVIDEND INCOME (58-200) 14,399.56 MISCELLANEOUS INCOME Miscellaneous (59-900) Payment for use of ITDI facilities 430,883.31 Payment for lost of books/publications/semi-expendable item 10,400.00 Xerox 434.75 Miscellaneos 85,978.57 SALE OF ASSETS-SCRAP OF FIXED ASSETS (59-300) TOTAL P 9,859,047.92 JLENDA E. TAMAYO/ Chief Accountant Cumulative Results of Operations (CRO) at the Beginning of the Year Continuing Appropriations P 2,072,846.95 Overdraft in Appropriations 0.00 P 2,072,846.95 Add: Allotments Received During the Year Republic Act No. 7663 115,263,650.00 Total Allotments During the Year 117,336,496.95 Less: Obligations Incurred During the Year Personal Services 51,730,363.51 Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses 43,909,814.20 Capital Outlays 1,343,073.37 96,983,251.08 Obligations Incurred During the Year (Continuing Appropriations) Capital Outlays 1,514,158.24 Excess of Allotments Over Obligations Incurred 18,839,087.63 Add: Income Operating and Service Income Government Service 8,702,565.35 Interest 466,610.38 Rent 6,500.00 Miscellaneos 141,276.00 Income from Public Enterprise/Investments Dividends on Stocks 14,399.56 Miscellaneous Income Miscellaneous 527,696.63 9,859,047.92 Adjustments Prior Years Credits 19,395.50 Others - Additions 771,554.78 Prior Years Charges (1,341.30) 789,608.98 Total CRO During the Year 29,487,744.53 Less: Reversions to CRO - Unappropriated income 9,859,047.92 CRO Adjustments 789,608.98 Unexpended Balance of Allotments - Regular 11,250,601.92 Unexpended Balance of Allotments - Continuing Appropriations 254,521.78 22,153,780.60 CRO at the End of the Year Continuing Appropriations P 7,33,963.93 CERTIFIED CORRECT: b.liwvM-v GLENDA E. TAMAYO' Chief Accountant BALANCE SHEET . As of 31 December 1994 Fund 101 ASSETS Current Assets Cash P 22,935,607.07 Receivables 1,988,935.20 Inventories 28,730.06 24,953,272.33 Other Assets Miscellaneous Assets and Deferred Charges 3,050,485.22 Total Current and Other Assets 28,003,752.55 Contingent Assets Contingent Assets 542,141.28 Fixed Assets Land and Land Improvements 707,876.79 Building and Structures 46,845,872.13 Furnitures and Equipment 232,022,341.04 279,576,089.96 TOTAL ASSETS 308,121,988.79 LIABILITIES Current Liabilities Payables 11,707,727.95 Trust Liabilities' 22,699,129.77 Deferred Credits 31,626.06 34,438,483.78 TOTAL LIABILITIES 34,438,483.78 RESIDUAL EQUITY Cumulative Results of Operation Per Statement of Operations 7,333,963.93 National Clearing Account (13,768,690.16) (6,434,726.23) Invested Capital 279,576,089.96 Contingent Capital 542,141.28 TOTAL RESIDUAL EQUITY 273,683,505.01 TOTAL LIABILITIES & RESIDUAL EQUITY P-308,121,988.79 CERTIFIED CORRECT GLENDA E. TAMAYO/ Chief Accountant INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE ORGANIZATIONAL CHART R & D AREAS TECHNICAL SERVICES SUPPORT SERVICES — 169 — -171- HISTORY The Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR) is a non-profit making state enterprise under the Ministry of Science,Technology and Environment (MOSTE). TISTR was originally set up by the Applied Scientific Research Corporation of Thailand Act B.E. 2506 (1963) which was repealed and replaced by the Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research Act B.E. 2522 (1979) following the establishment of MOSTE in the same year. OBJECTIVES TISTR has the following objectives: ' To initiate and conduct research and to provide scientific and technological services to state agencies and private enterprises for economic and social development of the country; ' To conduct scientific and technological research in order to promote the utilization of natural resources appropriate to the economic conditions, environment, health and welfare of the people: ’ To improve productivity, in accordance with the Government policies by propagating the results of scientific and technological research to benefit the country in agriculture, industry and commerce; ‘ To train scientific and technological researchers; * To provide for the testing and measuring services and other scientific and technological services. TISTR’S MAIN POLICIES * To expedite the policies of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment dedicated to promoting thecountry's scientific and technological efficiency with the aim of self-reliance. This will be done by giving encouragement, incentive, assis tance and support.for the use of the results of research and development to tackle economic and social problems on all fronts. * To mobilize the country's human resource to work for the development of scientific and technological research in order to effect practical operational results. This includes measures for screening, controlling and distributing technology systematically, and also for encouraging local inventions and high technology productions in future. " To operate as a "center of excellence" responsible for the provision c? scientific and technological services, such as in testing and standards, supply of relevant information and consultation to the government and private sectors, both locally and regionally. To work in close cooperation with the private sector engaged in various enterprises and with research and development units in order to build up an atmosphere In which science .and technology are seen as means by which -the national problems mav be solved. I THE MINISTRY OF'SCIENCE/ teCHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT ;"(MOSTE) ORGANIZATION CHART z.v7.D«Hftm4flC of ScUwoo / " COO ,1*3 U. 173 TISTP ORGANIZATION CHART . RESEARCH AND DEVEL OPMENT AND SERVICES i.torlil) M I" Office of Policy and Planning ' Office*ofi r Ibc 4 Cdvtnxx-*...... ■f JCZ 1 * • Dtidj-dof Seoctachft •'V i^bicnawi^yc-; TtAwHcoiotaka « |‘{ Fwxijta RcNtiotu Opcolkw M&Kming . *ed 3x^x1 1 '••■ Uh40o.-v IXvUlott , j • DMsto*. . tXwkkm. Group i------1 • Wtod . I'imiBUCt* . CLcmial - \ OtoUdmcx. : jujimux ! Electronic Ke/>$ecilivt j McW tad j AjDO- KnaCy. Ktivlroa- j Ecological T1W I Atittimotln SVocul [ kxcr j Industry IruVnby UoJ* ladtiitry * j Ted melody Industry j Mxtrria * | TecknoZoiiy Teckwdottr | recital * Roordi racl>KlnfC i ‘Celtic" hu^anoK tVtwdnc* t a«l Oftnttnut } DepwLexunt : Department : Ocfuiixtiit Dcyjutiaetit \ Tcckooi xy ( Uevatteecut Dttuvtma< } and | l>cvutn>c*t Centre ! Centre KUtnU . Dciuit* 1 . l?n*o*ucei I'roducia 1 MMU^oatnt, H Engineering, Electro " Agro-industry •" o Safety " and " Product- Quality nics and Computer " ‘o Evaluation ;of Soap for Export" h — Study "for Bird and Bat for.Pre- • — Development: of "."' vention of Collision in Aviation — Reverse Osmosis Brackish-water . o Biofertilizer. Desalinator • o Garlic Natura" Capsule — Air-cleaner for Office, House, •-"• ."Services V-.-o Plygesal'Cream for'I-.-. ’ Car and Factory • •' /. Antiinflammatory — Briquetting Machine 1 -y." Services" for Industry'Jand Export — Extruder — Waxer . . """ .- Promotion :." .1- — Micro- computerized'Private Aiito made Branch Exchange (MCPBX) . o.-J'ost^Harvest . Technology . • -r Electronic Ballast • y " • .-• Research" Srid'iDetolopmfcnNn^ ^;Ehgmeeitng"C6 ‘hsiiitahcy Sendees — Computer Model TISTR 1016: :.=• -. - Rubber Sheet"for-Rubber Reser-’SM" -. • .r. • . ... ''V‘-5u"ch:as" Hual'-Saph'ari Hiii Hydro-" •Laotian Language Software • - .-Master-Plan for-Provincial Devei Metal, and Materials •Process ./improvement \%pment at"'Smk#Bi"f.Smn:." and Problem Solving" -. Master Plan for Tourism Develop- ' — Development of:- " menfc at.Ko .Samui.'and Hua-Hin" "-'Process'hnpm^nent for Small — ^^r^^nibrlndustrial o Special Steel and Alloy Products . . '-.."Scale: Industries ; " ' Plant such as Fisti Meal Factory, o Roller . • .. • • o Tantalum Powder -" • V -.-. "• - o." ‘Production "Process. Improve- Starch Factory'etc. . - — Process Improvement" for High- . ' . - ment for Transparent Noodle" ~ Dusit Zo ° Museum grade Kaolin - Factory King Rama..VI.Museum — Technology Improvement of Gems o Removal of Aflatoxm.In Peanut : : -. Quality - - Oil. /."./;• Kt " - = " • • — Prefabricated Bathrooms ." •" o Process Improvement in RubWr";= .- .... . — Soil Cement Technology :Band Factory". ;y "; •• . . \ CURRENT R&D PROJECTS — Settingup Manufacturing Techno- ■ .Fruit Juice Concentration . Study on Microbial Degradation Jcal Innovation Centre (MT1C) — Industrial-Utilization of Peat-. of Oil- Spills — Central Laboratory for Material ■ — Transfer -of"Forced-air Dry Heat " — Heat Recovery Incinerator "Properties Analysis and Develop- • •. Disinfestation Treatment of Se- Development Project ; . ment (MPAD) ; " ’• lected Tropical.Fruit " — Development of Industrial Solid — Research and Development of — Water-Quality Improvement in Fuel from Lignite Anti- corrosion "Materials .. •’ the .Lower Khlong Prem Pracha- • — Development of Industrial Bio . Technological Development • -of • khon ~ . gas Plant" ' ." Membrane", for Brackish-water —.•Preparation for Fresh Water — Research" and Development of '• ' Desalinator . . •"•' ■ Master Plan .in Bangkok Metro Housing Construction Technology — Research. and Development in politan Region - • op Industrial Scale. ■. Application of Plasma Spraying • —. Detailed Design for the- Construe- . — Industrial Metrology and Testing Technics in Parts Production or • • ' tion of Flood ‘ Protection and Service .. ' .. ". Rebuilding for Withstand Wear ■ Drainage' System. . • ' — T1STR Scientific and Technolo at High Temperature — Package Wastewater Treatment' / gical Information V'v — Development of Pilot Plant for ' " System for High Rise Building — Microbiological Resources Centre • „,e Production of Biofertilizer — Development of Pilot Plant System' for Soutii East-ASIA.- ' —.Modern Pharmaceutical and '• for Utilization and Treatment of — National .Gene Bank . . Natural Products Based on Thai Industrial Wastewater". Traditional Pharmacopoeia — Utilization and Disposal Agro : ' • — 'Development of Packaging • industrial Waste " mmetmiaa activities: ment technology tions ting Op-eration problems and industry PHARMACEUTICALS targets DEPARTMENT FOO.D at Medicinal the established / Buddha . • ' • King's vaiue-fdded tural quality food end materials commodities quality expert Production tural Processing Post-harvest with m.d ■ ‘ export-oriented and ’ FID rough Food for of storage; factories produces to medium-scale Sixtieth Monthon, encountered the produces Plants of laboratories research Senna places and of In commercial to for handling, processed serve in order analysis the products technology Industry industrial emder.cy. technology and the technology INDUSTRY export and Carden Royal In such emphasis Hakhon FID to food to order to the for and achieve celebrate food transportation and Development Birthday as and reduce industry. as includes by production use Project, processed and demands of to fruits of promoting for development Fathom sectors; products. production; industrial primary agricul Department testing achieve suitable agricul as on small- pilot Anniversary His into loss raw- the has province. R,D,B Mejescy process of of of following been plant; (PNPD) entrepreneurs. and food medicinal local Ginger for transfer & (FID) products. consulta I to improve DEPARTMENT the facilita market Study and conducted medicinal R solve food plant & sets the of D AND on expert products plant the to promote investment markets. products -177- NATURAL the Piygesal Development for has domestic cf small been Thai sea's (FID) cf Indus durian by. Activities: products. drugs metics of carried pharmaceuticals * ' * * PRODUCTS To To on To quality To control for high paste To sectors. Service economy. qualified pharmacology,'toxicology, utilize local Research improve develop develop from increase and quality cocker out control and as Including industries household to Thai locally Thai requested .turf dor Use clinical medicinal good promote technology scientific and and an of of medicinal for medicinal and available surface drugs essential manufacturing export employment natural and development cooperation. products. extension by the and plant coating private export. for from industrial plant waste products technological plants oils, the raw chemistry, of on medicinal and shelf reduction raw production materials. materials. end aromas, activities practice and non-private production have fife materials, national natural of quality ofsulfur/ plants bases been dtnisn cos and . on of CHEMICAL INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT (CID) ■ Chemical Industry Department has an aim to conduct research and develop ment by developing commercial products in response to the demands of local and foreign markets. Operations Include the potential use of surplus and waste materials from the chemical industry to alleviate problems concerning pro duction cost, process efficiency and pollution abatement, and improvement of existing techno logy appropriate to local chemical industries, as well as selection and modification of advanced technology for transfering to various industries, CID places Its main emphasis on the .following R & D activities: ' Fat and oil industry with special attention on the potential use of oil-bearing vege- tables and Improvement of processes for vegetable oil Industry. " Chemical industry in relation to fibers ••‘and textiles focusing on the potential use of tropical plants In chemical and paper pulp industries. * Development of chemical formulary and processes in order to Increase the value of the local products. BIOTECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT (BID) Biotechnology Department (B1D) conducts rese' h and development on the utilization of liv.„g organisms especially the microorganisms to develop new industrial processes and products. Besides BID renders the analytical services in mi crobiological examinations and testings for va rious industrial products. AlsoB IDs microbiological culture collection has been supplying the cultures of,yeast, mold, bacteria and algae for technical uses In industry as well as in research and basic science education. Some current R & D activities are: * Pilot scale production of blofertillzer from Nyfixlng blue-green algae. * Utilization of phozphata-dUioMng micro organisms tor agriculture. " " Production of organic fertilizer from Industrial wastes. * Production of mosquito larvicide from bacteria. ■ Production of eicosapentaenoic acid (E?A) by microalgae. ■ Production of pesticides from plant extracts * Oecolorizaticn of molasses pigments by microorganisms. * Microbial degradation cf oil splits in 3ir£tok. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT (BTD) Building Technology Department (BTD) acts as a center for research and development on buildings under the cooperation with building construction agencies, both public and private sectors. BTD is divided into 3 laboratories named Building Materials Lab.. Building Tech nology Lab,, and Architectural Lab. The efforts in this Department include two main activities which are: • R « D concerning construction policy and planning, (or instance, studies for flood prevention of a city; sewage disposal and waste treatment planning In a city; physical development of rural settlement, etc. ' R & D concerning construction technology including materials, processes, and architectural design procedure. Besides two main activities in R & D, BTD also acts as a center of building material testing services for building construction and related agencies both private and public sectors in Thailand. ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT (EID) Electronic industry Department initiates and implements R D& E programs to gain appropriate solutions for existing problems and serve require ments, in particular to smell and medium-sired enterprises for development of new products and process control systems. Also in order to cope with the lack of R rb D personnels, since the beginning of 1991 -with coop eration from private sector, the Department has started up a new program - "PROJECT ON DEVELOPMENT OP PERSONNELS TO CON DUCT SPECIFIC RESEARCH (DPS). Through this program, experienced personnels ..ill receive special guidance, practical training, assistance and proper motivation so that their skill can be applied effectively to fulfil chair specific R D eh E requirements. Major fields cf interest include: ' Tclccc.--'.'r:n:::r.i • Medea! eltarmr-.Rj * .‘r xrz :zr ___17 n____ ENGINEERING INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT (END) Engineering Industry Department (END) is END Is targeted to develop capabilities responsible for research and development of machi for effective R & D in the following fields: nery products. Emphasis is placed on high quality products by developing the quality of raw materials " Development of alley products by focusing ' Research end development on pilot sole mainly on raw materials available in the . for further study b large-scale production, and production technology most suitable to the country with the dm to develop various especially emphasizing on the value added available resources and economic condition of metal alloys for specific need. of resources and production technology. the country, which will lead to the value added * Development of machine parts, machine of national resources and new products. tools and engineering tool to meet domestic demands. Engineering Industry Department have done the research and developed the desalination units which can get rid of salt and impurities of brackish and sea water by reverse osmosis to gives drinking water that accompany the WHO" standard. The desalination units can develop to reach various capacities. The nominal capacities are varied from 10-100 m3/day. In the near future, Engineering Industry Department will apply the" membrane developed from the research to make machines which can be used in food industry, waste water treatment, treatment of water for industrial used, food and Wet scrubber ar cleaner far particulate Research and development on desallmbon. beverage industry, process of demineral water for end gas removal from tobacco rooster exhaust gas. hospital, pharmaceutical, and laboratory used, etc. METAL AND MATERIALS' TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT (MMTD) MM'rD Objectives: * To collaborate with government agencies .Material properties Analysis and and private sectors In R,D & E on new Development Centre, funded by materials and composite, CTZ, Germany and Thai government " To provide research service of material characterisation for Its reliability Including -Resin Boned . Grinding Wheels corrosion prevention and control In Production Research, funded by various environments". N’RMMC * To improve beneficial technique and quality control for both metallic and non- .Development of Capability In metialllc industrial minerals. Engineering Ceramics, funded, by NRMMC Current projects of MMTD -Scientific Technique for improving Development cf Ferrites for Loud Color of Gem Minerals, funded speakers, funded by NRMMC by STDB Bentfidaticn Process of High -Atmospheric Corrosion Research Quality Talcum,Funded by NRMMC ind Development of Anti-corrosion material, funded by NRMMC -Development ci Transducer Materials -ASEAN-JAPAN PROIECT : At for Ultrasonic Cleaner, funded by mospheric Corrosion-Organic NRMMC Coatings, funded by JICA and Thai government Benefication Process cf High quality Kaolin, funded by STDB. AGRO-TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT (ATD) The Agro-Technology Department (ATD) Health ir.d Devtlopmert Project carries out multi-disciplinary research on industrial fcr Agriculture-Occupation-al and economic crops in order to develop appro Extension in Coastal Ser.dy Sol! priate technology and to integrate the agro-industry The Royal Initiated Project, with the large-scale processing of agricultural Research and Development for products. Consultancy services and research by Agriculture-Occupational Extension contract are provided for government agencies In Coastal Sandy Soil, Amphoe and private sectors. Pathlu, Chum Fnon province was founded In 2979. At present, the project has the demonstration and training units In plant propagation and maintenance for orchards, perennial vegetable crops and fast growing trees Including utilization of fast growing trees. Economic Forest Research and Demonstration with Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) Agro-Forestry for North-Eastern of Thailand The aim of the project Is mical potential fcr North-Eastern Agro-Technology Depart and Papua N'r-y Guinea. The pro to reforest for ecological Improve of Thailand. ment has undertaken this Interna ject aims a: making available l-m: -- ment and economic return. Nine At present, 600 ni of fast growing tional Project In cooperation with iedges or. plan's resources of v.e species of fast-growing trees and trees and fruit crops were already the Wafenlngen A-jncuiturai Unlver- region for education and extension. fruit crops were Intercropped with planted. sl? (WAll) of the Netherlands and research, and industry through maize, sorghum and groundnut In- representative instieuiions from computer database and text books dud mg collection of genetic resources People Republic of Vietnam, Xday- covering ever 5.GC0 useful plants. of fruit trees which have an econo sis, Indonesia, the Philippines, ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT (ETD) The Energy Technology Department (E7D; is responsible for conduction energy research and development that lead to rationale and edit:-:.-.; uses of energy, arid creation of indigenous capa bilities in design and construction of commercial energy conversion, systems using domestic renew able non-conventlcr.a! energy as a source c: raw material. The prime objective is to reduce the country's dependence on imported energy. The ETD welcomes cooperations from, other energy research institutes in exchange o: infemta- tion apd training o: research staff. rrei:~':nr/ .;r: rj/r-rcriv- r ■ -: r;c .-£ne--ii.V r. jn~cj.-.vs.-:::.:d e.-src- J.'u.'CrS :.".d higher gu r. ENVIRONMENTAL & RESOURCES MANAGEMENT ■ DEPARTMENT (ERMD) ERMD has dynamic professional staff consisting of engineers, economists, socio logists, geographers, forestry scientists, chemists, biologists, • architects, environmental scientists and regional planners. This core group, .in con junction with other research departments in the Institute, is capable of undertaking practical study and research for policy formulation, integrated planning and feasibility evaluation In many areas. The ERMD can provide R & D consultancy services to public and private enterprises in the following'areas: • Land and water resources development. ‘ Socio-economic development of specific areas. ' Tourism development. • Coastal zone management. • Environmental quality management, • Environmental impact assessment (EIA). • Wastewater treatment. ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH DEPARTMENT (ERD) ERD involves In conducting research on the intricate interrelationship of the living organisms with their natural environment in order to deter mine the structural aspects of the ecosystem In which all components closely interact with one another in continuous chainlike fashion. Scientists in ERD consist of those specialized in biology, environmental biology, fisheries, agriculture, museography, etc. Scope of research works include; ’ Studies on the environmental biology emphasized on the environmental quality Serving as a consulting agent to the and pollution impacts on the living governmental and private agencies In organisms. conducting the studies on environmental Studies to determine the structure of the biology and planning, natural history ecosystem which can be utilized In the museum exhibition, the managements effective planning and promising remedial of plant and domestic pests, etc. measures concerning the environmental problems. ‘ Acting as the largest biological reference centre of the country, to be used as baseline data for the applied scientific £coh$ical studies of birds research. for preventive pfenning cf bird strikes. Pest control. THAI PACKAGING CENTRE (TPC) Thai Packaging Centre has been established under TISTR in order to upgrade" the quality of the products, minimize losses, increase export, raise national packaging standard and serve the need of the government and private sectors. Thai Packaging Centre Is well prepared, for modem testing equipment and spaces to a accomodate for the following packaging activities. * Complete packaging cycle services Including material quality, style, packing method and cost. * Testing of packaging materials and containers. * Providing technical consultation and packaging technological information. Conducting packaging seminars and training program lo suit specific needs of the clients. ' Organizing exhibitions and publishing various technical publications. ' Exhibiting packaging from ell over the world. * Packaging contest for upgrading packaging standard of the country. * Providing special offers for all members of the Centre. | AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY CENTRE (ATC) Automotive Technology Centre is responsible for studying, exploring, collecting, following up and conducting research and development activities to obtain automotive and aeronautical technology. ATC also acts as a coordinating centre tor all concerned government agencies and automotive sparepart producers and assemblers. The objec tives of ATC are as follows: * * To act as a coordinating centre in the field of automotive and aeronautical technology. " To provide technical knowledge of com ponent parts of automotive end aeronautical technology to interested persons. * To enhance technological knowledges of automobile, aeronautics and component parts L-i order to promote the country's self-reliance of automotive and aeronautical technology. -183 — SPECIAL PROGRAMME CENTRE (SPC) Special Programme Centre (SPC) is responsible for the operation of a specially-defined project unduplicated to other departmental research projects, or of SPC-initiated integrated project under a combined R & D effort among specialists from different departments and centres of TISTR, SPC: also provides training services of modem .•technology to strengthen the technological capability which would benefit the national development. The framework of SPC is mainly on: * R&D on computer control of machinery for a better quality products. * Computer training service for users and Microcomputer for Data Exchange Service System. ' Shiitake mushroom cultivation, technology transfer for highland agriculture. * Supervision of the work of the Sakaeral Environmental Research Station which . serves research and educational interests in tropical forest ecology, ' Management and control of the Royal Palace environment In Bangkok and In the provinces. * Information service and consultancy on Shiitake mushroom cultivation, Station, foundation engineering of medlum-to technology transfor for highland large-scale constructions. agriculture. INDUSTRIAL METROLOGY AND —» TESTING SERVICE CENTRE (MTC) Testing and Standards Centre (TSC) is to sup t the industrial development and to serve as pu.icipal centre for testing industrial products, metrology and measurement system of the country. Principal functions and activities of TSC are as followings: * To provide testing and analysis services of industrial products and certify standards to commodities and industrial products is required by Thai Industrial Standards Institute (T1SI), 'To provide standards calibration services . to industrial equipments, measuring apparatus, and laboratory Instruments such as electrical and electronic meters, mechanical measuring scales, photometric instruments, anechoic apparatus and temperature equipments, etc. 'To provide consulting services for the Improvement of production process and quality control for minimizing production cost and maximizing productivity in the manufactures, \To provide inspection services on quality assurance system In the manufactures. ‘ To represent as an inspection organization, to the foreign government agencies and the private sector to procure commodities THAI NATIONAL DOCUMENTATION CENTRE (TNDC) Thai National Documentation Centre ST1 compiled and produced by TNDC (TNDC) is the well-established source of scientific includes: and technological information aiming to contribute * Database cn Scientific Serials to the promotion of science and technology in in That Libraries. national development. * Database on APINMAP (Asian and * Pacific Information Network on TNDC is capable to provide the following Medicinal and Aromatic Plants). documentation facilities to scientists, research * Thai Abstracts (Database, and workers and practitioners: publication), * TISTR Technical Reports Data- • Library service, for research •base. activities. * Different Subjects Bibliographical • Compilation ot .bibliography and Series, etc. Iherature searching services. • Current awareness and selective dissemination of information services. ' Documents procurement service. ^ Translation service; and • Service for research data analysis by computer. In addition, TNDC also maintains a collection : of scientific and technological information (STJ) concerning Thailand for further dissemination: and exchange both locally and Internationally. ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY SERVICE CENTRE (ECSC) Engineering Consultancy Service Centre (ECSC) has been established in order to develop and strengthen domestic consultancy services for greater technological self-reliance and improving technoeconomic decision making process. The main aim of the ECSC Is to enlist experienced consultants of various fields for providing con sultancy capabilities and facilities to both govern ment agencies and private sectors. The ECSC is capable to participate in the development of infrastructural construction projects and the establishment of Intricate Industrial plants which require substantive professionalism and expertise. Activities of the ECSC include: * Prdlminaay survey and feasibility study of the project. * Detailed engineering design and specifica tions. 1 Cost estimation snd idvica fcr possible financial source* Including loantea* ' Preparation ct blddtn£ docurzenU end the dealer, of contract foe conabvcdoiu. — 1RR — INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION ■ AND PROMOTION CENTRE (ICPC) | Industrial Cooperation and Promotion Centre (ICPC) carries out activities concerning transfer of technology developed or improved by TISTR for large-scale production to accomplish the objective of industrial promotion-in the country. The principal responsibilities of the ICPC include: • Provision of the research results of TISTR and operational support facilities such as training, testing, analysis, quality control, as well as the design and installation of equipment and machinery in order to serve the private sector. • Assistance for urban and rural industrial establishment using results of research and development carried out by TISTR. ’ Provision of services for marketing surveys and feasibility studies. 1 Market trial operation and technology transfer for products developed from prototype on R fi D activities of TISTR. • Promotion of quality Thai products by conferring official awards to producers together with an emblem representing good quality of "THAI MADE QUALITY PRODUCT.’ RESEARCH SERVICE CENTRE (RSC) Research Service Centre (RSC) is rasp ble for the arrangement of research projects requested by the outside agencies. The investors, the entrepreneurs or the government agencies who wish TISTR to, carry out some research projects can use the service of TISTR by con tact RSC. Some various research projects are such as: ' Product innovation or development, ■ Process Improving. * Environmental and resource: management, etc. Study report: requested by the government agenda. - lux meter, toot candle meter, working standard lamp, temperature indicator/recorder,- - liquid in glass thermometer, resistance thermometer, thermocouple, optical pyrometer and all types of oven alectrical and light properties of lamps such as luminous flux, luminous intensity, colour temperature, chromaticity coordi nates, colour rendering index and spectral power distribution, and etc. — spectral reflection and spectral transmission of optical materials — heat resistance test of materials and products, — endurance test of ballasts for fluorescent lamps Fhc:crr,s:nc ssfri.-s Id zf tXiczszar,! tins — vott meter, wattmeter — multimeter, oscilloscope . — curvetracer, AC, DC standards — potentiometer, frequency counter — high voltage, .capacitor — Inductor, standard resistor — decade resistor DC reference standard reference standard for DC voltage AnacHok room — electrical materials and accessories such as electrical wires, sockets, plugs, bal lasts, starters, breakers, switches, lamp holder, lumi naires and electrical app liances such as electrical iron and electrical fan AC Wattmeter calibrator -189- — minerals and metals analyses water analyses gases,, polymers and paints analyses •• chemical and industrial ■ ■ Si products analyses LfOsi Transmission electron microscope and scanning e/«ctron microscope (T£M & SEMI for study and analysis biochemical structure and materials Pyrolysis GC-MS for analyse organic compounds In Solid and liquid sample Amino acid unity** for analysis of protein & amino acid — food compositions aha lyses — f ood additives and preserva tion and food contamination, •impurity and toxical residue . analyses — analysis of food products, animal food for export — a gricultural primary products analyses — consultant on methods of analyses and quality control of industrial food products. Scanning el+ctrori microscope far atudy end anafyilt of biochemical scrucWf&o and materials — mechanical, electrical and analytical balances, standard weights. — deadweight force standards, force gauges, loop dynamometers, proving rings, loadcells, universal testing machines, die shear testers, pull testers, tension testers, push-pull scales, compression testers — torque testers, torque meters, torque drivers, torque gauger, torque wrenches — piston gauges, deadweight pressure guage testers, test gauges precision,pressure gauges, aneroid barometer, manometers, Fortin.baro meter, — Gauge block, pin gauge, plug gauge, test indicators, dial indicators, digital linear indi cator, height gauge, caliper checkers, profile projector, thickness meter, vernier caliper, reading scale • — laser collimator, precision level,angle gauge — Vickers, Rockwell, Brinell hardness testers, durometers — standard tank, w.ater metar,. hydrometer, volumetric glasswares, — gas meter, master mater Torqu* to# tor $$ulptr — Testing mechanical property and physical property, for instance, density, specific gravity, tensile strength, compression strength, elongat ion", weld test, impact value,hardness number, bend test, pressure test, burst test, creep test, etc. of various kinds of materials .and other • products such as rubber, wood, metals, cera mics, textile, stencil ink, ball pen, auto-parts, machinery parts and agricultural machinery parts. ___mi 7 The institute's objectives can be divided into two parts: 1. The Institute's aim Is to raise the technologi cal level of seven metal working processes, namely : 1. Casting 2.Welding and Sheet Metal Working 3. Machlnlng 4. Heat-Treatment E.Automatlon g.Electroplating Z.Presswork 2, The Institute's aim is to develop Industrial and metal working products In seven areas, namely : 1. Agricultural machinery 2. Molds and dies 3. Gears 4. Pumps and valves 5.Tools g.Machlnery 7.Automotive and Industrial machinery parts To meetthe Institute's objectives In both areas, it has been assigned the following duties and responsibilities : 1,Provide technical training to the pro prietor of small and medium-sized machinery and metal working factories in Bangkok and the provinces to Increase effclency of produc tion. 2.Send technical experts to provide advice on a firm- by-flrm basis; provide general tech nical advice and advice on quality control and production planning control. S.ProvIde "testing and examination of various metal products, testing of metallurgi cal properties, analysis and exmlnation of metal structures and non-destructive testing. 4. Conduct economic and technical re search to determine the technological level of each branch of the machinery and metal waking Industries to find out the problems f,. ng them and how assistance can be pro vided; and to determine the extent and method of providing such assistance and technologi cal transfers. 5. Research, experiment and construct prototype machinery as a service to factories, isolate firms which would be willing to menu-: facture such machinery for the local market thereby reducing the dependency on Imports. 6. Provide information and news of de velopments In metal-working technology, of which there are seven main branches, such as metal casting; heat treatment; electroplating; welding and sheet metal working; machining; automation; and presswork. A/so to make available other news of relevance regarding engineering designs, production control, quality control, production planning, etc. through the provision of library services, questionnaires and monthly Journals. 7. Serve as a coordination centre for other agencies concerned with Industrial machinery and metal-working In such areas as Industrial development planning, manpower develop ment, market research and development; Inte grated manufacturing and technological .development The Metal-Working and Machinery Industries Development Institute (MIDI) MIDI i* an Institute under the Department of Industrial Promotion, Ministry of industry. ithas been established with the assistance of the Government of Japan who provided a • grant aid of about 320 million baht 1. MIDI MIDI's facilities include an administrative 2. Military R <£t D Center building well-equipped with training aids and 3. ISI testing equipment, technical Journals and lit 4. Tanning organization erature, a reflectory building, twofully-equlpped workshops and dormitory. MIDI's experts and staffs are available for technical consultancy on various subjects. OBJECTIVES OF MIDI MIDI's objectives are to develop and raise the level of technology ofthesmalland medium- scale machinery and motel working Industries so as to Increase their effclency so that they will eventually be able to substitute Imported machinery; and also to develop personnel to build up a pool of skilled labour ready to meet the needs of foreign Investors as well as to form the bade for the country's Industrial and economic development. MAP OF MIDI — IOC 8 National Metal and Materials Technology Center National Science and Technology Development Agency * Established in September 1988 under the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment * Became part of NSTDA from December 1991 Objective * * Support materials RD&E in Thailand * Conduct RD&E In materials science and technology M * Develop Infrsatructure for RD&E In materials Including manpower development * Coordinate RD&E efforts among local universities and Industries, as well as collaboration Into Jntemstlonal agency tr/. of similar Interests , : RD&E NETWORK LABORATORY | In order to accelerate the development of RD&E In materials science and technology in Thailand, MTEC establishes Network Laboratory in various universities. These selected laboratories work in coordination with MTEC to achieve specifically set-up goals. The Network Laboratories are also geared to become centers of excellence in the proposed fields of materials science and technology. Metals and Machine Design Ceramics - Machining Technology - Electro-ceramics Research Unit, Research Unit, Chlang Mai University King Mongkut's Institute of - Alumina Technology Research Technology, North Bangkok Unit, Chulalongkom University - Welding Research, Development Polymers and Inspection Unit, - Plastic Mould and Die Research ' King Mongkut's Institute of and Training Unit, King Mongkut's Technology, North Bangkok Institute of Technology, -•Heat Treatment Research Unit, North Bangkok King Mongkut's Institute of - Polymer Composite Research Technology, North Bangkok Unit, Chulalongkom University - Ion Beam Technology - Rubber and Product Research Research Unit, Unit, Prince of Songkhla University Chlang Mai University - Biomedical Polymer Research - Metal Casting Research Unit, Unit, Chlang Mai University King Mongkut's Institute of - Radiation Processing of Polymers Technology, Thonburi Research Unit, Chulalongkom - Powder Metallurgy Research University Unit, King Mongkut ’s Institute - Polymer Modification Research of Technology, Thonburi Unit. Mahldol University National Metal and Materials Technology Center — 197 — METALS Powder Metallurgy ' 'J% Surface Engineering Mechanical Processing Welding and Joining Extraction and Recycling Solidification Processing Specialty' and Advanced Metals Degradation of Metals Medical Devices and Systems Industrial Machinery and Devices Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Traditional Ceramics Structural Ceramics Engineering Ceramics Ceramics Composites Bioceramics Electro ceramics POLYMERS Plastics Rubbers Fibers and Textiles Polymer Composites Biopolymers Biomedical Polymers Polymers and Environment . Advanced Polymers National Metal and Materials Technology Center •• .a • : jC-; • ; ■ v,v%lr^'V'" '.-y " /s ry ':Sl‘-0 _ . MTEO:"regularly" " organizes.-short -" conrseil Training ■ v^;c jnaenr .^1 and Services.• National Science end Technology. Mlniotiy of Science, Technology Rama 6th Road, Bangkok, 10400 Tel. 245-3456, 248-6202,. 248-6345 Fax. 247-1455 mo &3=?i-J?r7>rm~nw National Metal and Materials Technology Center Chula Walking Tractor Model SPJS-60 fmmrmTvtTa 3Tavisuri=Tti5} imotnvi l^HtiKafiwvwuriflnitnSu . annfinwrjpnTmwfmei-y Mwnntnmi "hum 7Ff.n7.RTUir: wef^miSns iQvi wnvtunTfnd rrn lYlDmrmNytninttiiyuvmnlmSuvmJ wuuuti-i'otioilnTntiCTTuafiuy'Hyw in vi rauwdmumalyifl'wwnvntpvi IwmTf/fltmtTiriHimrimnTTOJTViyHavi Walking tractors are considered at the most important machine and are tdId tnuiaui^smirmihimon needed for farmers In Thailand which are facing with labor shortage in the mflT-uTatJxnnisnnTtnmJ^sirmqij'W agricultural sector. This Is because these machines can effectively substitute tiRc'ltim7fiTNWiltS3irm72hai>ifiDvnn animals and reduce manpower In a large scale. Walking tractors have been vrioiwtJ7H^7rm7i3uT5n7nRm7intr7i7 developed and manufactured In Thailand for the past 25 years. There are about 20 «6l9uT70i3THHaV17Tl'In local manufacturers that produce three different types of machines depending on the classes of transmission system with a total production of at least £0,000 units . 7n'tru5v,;srujcn'tiuiiim1n annually. Some walking tractors are designed and Imported from foreign countries. oamtuuusrtrrwijuvi SSoti " 7n*lti However, these machines are mors expensive than local ones and are not suitable trnvivnw^m^-jvi spjs-60 " ibmou to Thai farming conditions. This Is because agricultural machinery Is' an area- ^nuinii'fimuwin 3 inin flfmum -"anted machine that should be developed and designed to suit each farming ymm7nltfinulnii9mnn<3mi uas conditions. inu-fnainiaoan i tnu7 mrumrm Walking tractors consist of several components and one cf the most an vn urinRd 7=iiU2Tu if cnri mia ttn atfi d Important components Is the transmission system. Two ascantlal vrorldng mechanisms uhwiiinYiaj^mvmfnnt-tf 2 Bn BO of the transmission system are the shifting gear and the steering clutch iiHi7=im‘lvi«m'liiiiilTh3injtfn'muii7Kiii7,i mechanisms, The newly developed walking tractor In this project, namely “Chula isinjumaiwirnoTulafiaod yny Walking Tractor model SPJS-60", ha« various Improvements In the gearing system, mlainvipnwdmituufitiTio clutch components, turning capability and safely devices, so as to provide better bum Qbrmn7ntin(-yymLirm70JUB= 3ur!nuf!j3iInJvny3J7n'lni5iuonwfT National Metal and Materials Technology Center Surface Modification by Ion Implantation Technique Ion Implantation as a novel technique for surfacs modification on materials has been developed for twenty years since the first experiment of the wear behavior of Ion Implanted metals commenced with a study of nitrogen-implanted steels. The process proved to be successful enough that It is now carried out both academically and commercially by several hundreds Ion accelerators in the world and specialized implanten are being devel oped for the purpose, Some very Importer.! material surface properties Which can be Influenced by Ion Implanta tion are v/ecr, friction, hardness, corrosion resistance, bonding, adhesion eto. For economic reason most effort has been concentrated upon the areas of tribology and corrosion. In this unique process beam of heavy Ions such as nitrogen or boron with energy above about 100 ksV are fired at the target held in a vacuum chamber. These Ions penetrate Into the surface of material at depth In the order of a mloron. Basically, an Implanler Is an ion accelerator which contains an Ion source, in Milch the Ions are created from a plasma, and a chamber containing sample to be treated. The Ions are transported through a beam line, held under high vacuum, from the Ion source to the target chamber. Different types of electromagnets are used to select particular Ion speclee and alio control the size of the beam spot on the target. Because of her unique experience in low energy Ion accelerators, Chlang Mai University has been designated by the National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTHC) to carry out long term project on development of Ion Implanters for surface modification technologies. A prototype R&D nitrogen Implanter which can treat surface of materials with a maxi mum area of 5x5 cra^ has been completed recently. A ascend Implanter which will allow a surface treatment area up to 20x20 cm% is being constructed. Tbs project Is bslng conducted by faculty members and researchers from the Department of Physics, Department of Electrical Engineering, end the Institute for Science and Technology Research and Development of the Chlang mal University. For further Information, plain contact to >.{7£C or til. 2-17-133$, 246-4232, 243-6202, 243-1704, 248-5522 Fax. 247-1455 loaauSwvifnuieitiu ftarmtl-ilaaauiiibtia'nvio] tvJuyid'ilutju'iurmUTuQiinhTRa mrrma'mu iSD-i'lnwd'i'lcnTuriUtjennjum'nCa tzwuiuatnmnnwnnguu'inflTuTatiTnMPUfltri ’HmuM'ttnS "URvlMTfmrm w«iinf}cuflwtjRuitf'intja-n3$]Tazn(flaaavauvfa-]mflrtu TfluiVrmnniy^auuAsiTamfm'UVHivirhuicflaaau • an‘linlit;niilufit;S?i!n'r?iruu'laaay5»waitnaitiu?n5ovnfHa:saen>3aumfliiiiatiiatniat;ri!yur?t:uulaaauam,miti icnrufliwTuamaiiummnaauSa aanuuuuabR-iT-tlaaanaHwmutciavitatiflnuatnaufutautiuvurmtaaau 3eQiTniisyiIsisin National Metal and Materials Technology Center Zircon-Type Ceramic Pigments Zircon-type pigments have been extensively usedln the ceramic Industries because they have many of the desirable characteristics, for example the stability under high temperatures and the WEIGHING capability to produce bright colors with a variety of glaze compositions. The GRINDING Department of Science Service, with the support of the National Metal and Materials Technology Center has Before CALCINING successfully developed the blue, yellow and coral pink pigments from zirconium CALCINING dioxide and local sand. The affects of calcination temperatures, coloring oxides and mineralizers were studied and the After CALCINING applicability of the pigments in ceramic glazes had been evaluated and reported WASHING For further information, please 1 contact to MTEC .or tel. 247-1335,. DRYING end GRINDING I 245-4282, 248-6202, 248-1704, 248-5622 PIGMENT Fax. 247-1455 SwoivjuTsitisiijTlthnnjjhvnijqsifnwn-mH-dTiilnff tudSafutnuonu Unttifhuflrvf'iTjinndedu ‘luinifnilHe^'lulutjinanunnuitmSntldjIlnyMnniniJvianu Tfdadw ^«JUu«i*fn-jfiau'.LluSnjrfvluu‘l3n’uinnfl^ yuifinfiTuTaDTautuakTs^itvluaTz 3 # flnFfln Sihsoj uar^zuyjiisnTTJ iaw a ijnlie a j1 o a a u m uluTmj a-n j ti*W '•f fit rnrniTm7Mmr:T,7Tr%a National Metal and Materials Technology Center Production of Dental Alloy for Restoration nnicmi flu mi urn Sen ayrmunn'ajjiima uaznao Tavmt73J n-NJnrNtnniBm Dental material is one of the most Important topic for research and rfnermtineiTa'Htiaa development In Thailand. In order to create self-reliance potential the re wudutVi ulflvu^'H^CTViUuain search unit of the Faculty of Dentistry Mahldol University has started a re m?KRsra'H=iaawu1'wTVi7'i mrS search program on Dental Alloy Production for Restoration In collaboration ImJtrtincRsTlnHoTs'yiziaat'jtt with the Nippon Dental University at Niigata, Japan and the metallurgical iSujpJrnjnadlViuiiinuiminn department, Ministry of Industry, funded for 4 years by National Metal and RzaaawtsyrHTaazmawlwisrBK Materials Technology Center. Amalgam Is the powder of dental silver alloy tWw rmHasiHiiTatfziaauu containing silver, copper, tin and mixed with pure mercury. Thus resulted In tmvmJrvronau rnimnmun a paste useble for dental fillings, The amalgam project was Initiated In 1991 mTfhazmawTuumncn uln mnhmumaruthtjTsucTntJ'W and covers 4 phases. TtnuiJaauTaMruMRDtiivicn'lvf The first phase involves a study of the importation, volume of usage In iimn«mui3,HrhW7otJ4 245-4232, 243-6202, 243-1704, 243-5522 Fax. 247-1455 lavoeuvnlwiltcmFll-nu jm-Hinramfigaam MsEm SBUi XL National Metal and Materials Technology Center Development of Plastic Films for Agricultural Uses Uizmffltutnu'iD'u toti LtaziYitflrm mvtfnoTqd llgnws TViulflrftuJTmnSTin jjewajfn SaeiitactfofWRnfia WQnTsQoermyiK statmwwa m'lvlnHAHnm riwsqmmYifi The Ijfetlmee of polyethylene films for outdoor utilization, espe Sm unuilvti'intttaH^wwnn cially those for the construction of greenhouses, were studied by using 5m ifmntJaoTn7 thickness containing UV-stabllizer. (Aging of these films under natural URsnfitiae'lfleTW^etuSTmz and accelerated conditions were studied. Tensile properties' of the aged BimOTOdiJtzi'nWlnu films were measured. UV-vlslble spectroscopic technique was used to gWmnMnSTavicitRZTTif) Investigate the fading of the colours, Growth rate and production yields iwwinm IflUfyuEjfiYmvuiri of radish, spinach, stem lettuce, chrysanthemums, small red roses and wvnininnuwitfm mvuunn? Sntn 77U URswimnnm’lti strawberry grown under wavelength selective films were studies.) imurfRiivimrrmn Results of tensile measurements revealed that the lifetimes of Tutfutarmirmcn? yelfl coloured films were shorter than that of the transparent one. Films con fJntnrmlB-numnouufl uac taining UV-stablllzer could withstand photodegradation 8-10 times better UH«rln«TnnianBR'H2fu5ifm)j than those without' light stabilizer. From Infrared spectre, It was ob vwnuH-H l) g n served that coloured films with UV-stablllzer lasted 5-10 times longer Hts r9iuSna-7(inmJ7fi"j3Hn7ia than the unstablllzed films before the oxidation took place. From mea fimmvmRranurm'ltfonuyoj surement of UV-vislble spectre, blue film was found to be the most resis UHUylflti unum7nmi'm uh uvl aii yi m n 5i nTvt n i a n 3 n u tant to degradation by light whereas the yellow film faded fastest. The iJ7nnriTiJ7e'lp( uacuwurlfui results of wavelength selective films on the growth and quality of the plants showed Interesting effects. Different kinds of plants response to tnWrhulwrmiYnciJgn wa different wavelength of light. mmJ7M7m unufjmmnyoo For further Information, please conescr ro l.TTFC or tel, 247-1335, tmasR •numitiJ-zinn 7JC.Z99? 949-5302. 248-1704. 245-5522 Fax. 247-1455 "iuTinnunzHn ^./1WT - -w v* S H- « F « e PS * 6 » s U e a 3 SS a , , 0 6 V 3 K> K? « g T> •y T> w 3 F s <1 # So In.[si H- 3 K ?£$ a . 3 • # • H* * , * r^* * 12 * r « „ „ 6 Kl AJ r> i m $ •W K> K> CM *0 )J N IK c3 -9 ‘f> "k ■h R ii <5 Kl m 4» V « • « <5 S s •y a ij AJ S £ £4 9 f J3 M A 3 £ s» i -1 K §5 * 25 *0 <3 s ■o & 25 in S K * * X co l£« 8 Aj SZ £3 e S © K s SI * X a h gg w ti £ ■fc B « » sa K> s* E ❖ s © /®\ 4 »0 K> , z i« m j. <3 a e— CN e i> © 8j e OlCO dic / £ 0 (3 t5 A l 12 f-t CM cn un a —onc_. 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S & 8 h? & I? 49 49 45 45 49 49 ft 49 49 g a 49 & o 9 V S s B B 2 £5 CJ « , j T> *0 p ss % a a =S H * <4 •z a H U Si 7N . E= 35 a «i « S3 « .1*7 ■to a? ft a 44 * Si a 4* £ 5? < / 13 m (O & * a •Si S * A u O 43 e a « / e it ft a $6 a „ r> a tK £ 8 ! V © K> Kl S ■ft irx S r\ a •}»> £ . > I IP ■H a .ft E to « a *? *- •R e IK £ Si a _) e is S5 $ « «a 155 m 0 p? to ffi ft a y 19 to ia • « m fS ij- ■?« A « 6 i CHULABHORN f _01 c i CHULABHORN RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CRI) Vibhavadee-Rangsit Highway, Bangkok 10210, Thailand Tel.(662)574-0600 Fax (662)574-0618 AAAA President of the Institute______5 Executive Board ______6 International Advisory Board ______7 National Advisory Board ______8 Institute Committee ______9 Chulabhorn Research Institute ______10 Objectives______12 Institute Activities______13 Organization of Chulabhorn Research Institute ______14 Research ______17 CRI Laboratories ______21 Education/Training and Scientific Exchange ______43 Special Activities______51 r ▲▲▲▲ i ▲▲▲▲ PRESIDENT OF THE INSTITUTE xZv rofcssor Dr. Her Royal Highness Chemistry of Natural Products collabora Princess Chulabhom Mahidol, Prcsidcnl tive programme between the Japan Society of the Chulabhom Research Institute, is for the Promotion of Science and the the youngest daughter of Their Majesties National Research Council of Thailand. King Bhumibol Adulyadcj and Queen H.R.H. Princess Chulabhom has Sirikil of Thailand. As a qualified received international recognition for her scientist, she has always attached the scientific accomplishments in her appoint greatest importance to the role of science ment to various United Nations posts, in social and economic development, and namely special advisor to the United accordingly originally conceived the idea Nations Environment Programme and of creating a national institute to assist in member of the Special High-Level Council the development of Thailand. for the International Decade for Natural H.R.H. Princess Chulabhom has Disaster Reduction of the United Nations. been a lecturer in Chemistry at Mahidol In addition, she has also been visiting University since 1985, with special professor at universities in Germany, Japan interests in the chemistry and synthesis and U.S.A., and has received numerous of natural products and in Thai medicinal honorary doctoral degrees from universities plant research. She was the third person in U.S.A., U.K., Japan and elsewhere. in the world to be awarded UNESCO's She is an executive member of the Board Einstein Medal for her continuous effort of International Organization for Chemical in promoting scientific collaboration in Sciences in Development and has been Asia and the Pacific, and she was the Patron of the International Foundation first Asian to be invited to join the Royal for Science (Sweden). Society of Chemistry, in England, as an Honorary Fellow. She is also chair person of the Working Group on the ▲▲▲▲ ▲▲▲A EXECUTIVE BOARD INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD President David Baltimore Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhom Helmut Bartsch Ph.D., C. Chem., Hon. FRSC Alan R. Ballcrsby Frederick F. Becker Baruch S. Blunibcrg Excculivc Vice President : Professor Dr. Wicliil Srisa-an Paul Berg Vice President : H.E. Tanin Kraivixicn Herbert C. Brown Vice President for Research : Dr. Mathuros Ruchirawat Geoffrey A. Cordell Vice President for Special Activities : General Pichitr Kullavanijaya Renato Dulbecco Associate Vice President for Research : Dr. Somsak Ruchirawat Robert C. Gallo Associate Vice President for Scientific Affairs : Dr. Jutamaad Salayavivad Helmut Griem Associate Vice President for Computer Services : Professor Dr. Pairasli Thajehayapong Ananda Chakrabarty Head of Office of President : Khunying Dr. Pharani Mahanonda Nay Htun Sho lto Wolfgang Kraus William N. Lipscomb Toshiro Matsuda Taijiro Matsushima Enrico Mihich Koji Nakanishi Lord Lewis of Newnham Charles A. Pasternak Claes Ramel David Rockefeller Ronald C. Shank Maxine F. Singer Takashi Sugimura Mostafa K. Tolba Marc van Montagu ' Meinhart H. Zenk ▲AAA ▲▲▲▲ NATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD INSTITUTE COMMITTEE Wg. Cdr. Thinakorn Bhandhugravi Chairman : Olarn Chaipravat Professor Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhom Sivavong Changkasiri Members : Auratai Aramphongphan Krisna Chutima Tongthong Chandransu Udom Chantharaksri Lt. Gen. Aswin Dabhakam Prapote Clongsusuek Chi ray u Isarangkun Na Ayutliaya Sanya Dharmasakti Sunathee Isavarphornchai Paricliart Kantikara Thanin Jiravanonth General Pichitr Kullavanijaya H.E. Tanin Kraivixien Bangkok Chowkwanyun Tawin Krutkun Khunying Pharani Mahanonda Sippanondha Ketudat Khunying Ambhorn Mecsook Skorn Mongkolsuk Sompone Punyagupta Khunying Chotima Pathmanand Rosagorn Patanasakpinyo Khunying Thongtip Ratanarat Pornchai Matangkasombut Mathuros Ruchirawat Kasem Snidvongs Somsak Ruchirawat Thawatchai Santisuk Nopadol Somboon Jutamaad Satayavivad Stitaya Sirisinha Thanphuying M.L.Nualpong Senanarong Wichit Srisa-an Plodprasop Suraswadi Professor Kasem Watanachai M.R. Jisnuson Svasti Pairash Thajchayapong M.R. Putrie Viravaidya ▲▲▲A AAAA C hulabhorn Research Institute Application Of Scifnci : And Technology To IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE The Chulabhorn Research Scientific and technological research is Institute (CRI) is an autonomous, multidisciplinary institute which vital to national development. Break receives major financial support from throughs in science and technology have the Royal Thai Government through the a significant impact on all aspects of the Ministry of University Affairs. The economy. The scientific and technical Council of Ministers approved the capabilities of Thailand need to be estabishment of CRI on December I, strengthened to support the aspirations 1987 and exempted the Institute from and developmental goals of the country. bureaucratic procedures. The Although much effort has been made in Chulabhorn Foundation, which was recent years to provide more resources already set up to support scientific for research and development activities, development of the nation,was fully the Kingdom's institutes of higher In 1987, the auspicious year in committed to assist and expedite the learning still face the problems of limited which all Thais celebrated His Majesty establishment of the Chulabhorn research funds, lack of modern equip King Bhumibol Adulyadcj's 60th birth Research Institute. ment and shortage of high calibre, day, Her Royal Highness Princess experienced scientists and engineers. A Chulabhorn established the Chulabhorn strategy to overcome this constraint is Research Institute in honour of His The ultimate goal of CRI is to direct available resources to selected Majesty the King, one of the objectives to utilize science and technology priority areas of research and develop being to provide research facilities for ment, which are of importance to the projects initialed by His Majesty the to improve "Quality of Life”, nation. King. a concept first propounded and practiced by His Majesty the King in the Royal Initiated Projects. AAAA AAAA INSTITUTE ACTIVITIES OBJECTIVES CRI focuses its activities on 3 major areas: Through these programs, training Research, Education/Training and courses, seminars, symposia, workshops and conferences arc organized to promote Scientific Exchange, and Special Projects the exchange of knowledge and the and Programs dissemination of information to assist local scientists to keep abreast with new Research developments apd to strengthen regional Scientific progress often depends The specific objectives of Research is the core activity of the and international cooperation. Thus, Institute. CRI will initiate and conduct CRI collaborates and maintains contact on close interaction between CRI are as follows: scientists involved in basic and fundamental and advanced research with with scientific institutions and interna applied research. Accordingly, 1. To promote and conduct basic as particular emphasis on key major disci tional agencies with the aim of furthering CRI will play a key role in well as applied research of plines. Currently, priority research is scientific exchange and international bringing local scientists from national importance, in particu undertaken in the following areas: cooperation in areas that correspond to various academic institutes to lar, that which will improve 1. Natural Products, Medicinal the interests and objectives of the work together, and at the same "Quality of Life." Chemistry and Organic Synthesis Institute. 2. Environmental Toxicology time, seek collaboration and 2. To act as a centre for educating funding from international 3. Biomedical Research Special Projects and and developing high calibre 4. Biotechnology organizations and institutes to personnel in the field of science Programs support research and related and technology. activities. Education/Training and As a center for both national and international cooperation, CRI has 3. To bring together local and Scientific Exchange foreign scientists to discuss and established several special programs solve emerging problems, to The development of human which arc of national and global impor resources is one of the key activities of the tance in terms of both urgency and need. 1 promote scientific exchange, and act as a center for international Institute. There is a shortage of qualified These special projects and programs will cooperation. scientists and technologists in the country, seek collaborative association with as well as in the region, to meet the re national and international institutions to 4. To identify, catalyze and mobi quirements and challenges of rapid eco advance the nation’s development while lize resources for research and nomic growth. To remedy this shortage, safeguarding and enhancing the people's development in science and CRI has initiated a number of academic quality of life. technology. training programs designed to provide updated knowledge in specialized areas. AAAA AAAA OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT Organization Chart of Chulabhorn Research Institute • Secretarial Section Chulabhorn Foundation Ministry of University Affairs • General Coordination Section CHULABHORN RESEARCH INSTITUTE President Executive Council Advisory Council Vice Presidents Associate Vice-Presidents Office of Office of Office ol Office of Office of Office of the President Administration Research Academic Affairs Special Projects Computer Services r ▲▲▲▲ ▲▲▲▲ OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF RESEARCH • Research Administration Division • Internal Audit Section • Scientific Equipment Maintenance Division • Administration Section • Chemistry Research Division • Filing Section - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry - Laboratory of Natural Products • Finance and Accounting - Laboratory of Organic Synthesis • Personnel Section • Biomedical Research Division - Laboratory of Biochemistry • Stores Section - Laboratory of Biotechnology - Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis • Building and Locality Section - Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology - Laboratory of Immunology • Public Relations Section - Laboratory of Pathobiology - Laboratory of Pharmacology • Contract Research Service Laboratory Division to of the Order the Sustainable Managing Quality in Border in and Natural Improving and the and Center, and and Manner Floods Cycle by Improve (CUE) Full Environment Cycle Research Preserving a and Section the Thai-Kampuchea in Full for CRI Affected Branch of Development a Environment the in the PROJECTS the at near Environment Program Persons Environment Program Program Coordination University of Management Provinces Restoration Community Siam the Resources Urban Program Restoring SPECIAL Villages for for Life Programs Doctor for Culture of for OF of Affairs Projects AIDS Tuptim Restore Livelihood Resource. Manner Natural Southern Life Chiangmai Center The Tissue Program Program The Training Mobile Quality ------General OFFICE Special Program • • • AAAA ▲▲▲▲ of Division Centre Affairs and industrial Exchange UNEP and Academic AFFAIRS Dissemination Division Scientific Environment and (ICEIT), for and Centers Environmental Academic ACADEMIC for Cooperation Centre and Toxicology OF Coordination Academic OFFICE Excellence Industrial Toxicology International Information International Other Education/Training Research • • • • • o n e ▲▲▲▲ OFFICE OF COMPUTER SERVICES • General Affairs • Systems Analysis and Programming Division • Academic Affairs and Planning Division • Support and Maintenance Division AAAA AAAA RESEARCH , s (he core activity of the Institute, research is geared towards the utilization of science and technology for improving quality of life. This includes increasing the value of natural products and agricultural produce, prevention and management of hazards from chemicals in the environment, effective utilization of natural resources for national development, and alleviating common diseases that arc of concern to public health. Research activities arc conducted in 10 research laboratories as individual research projects or arc organized as a comprehensive program drawing on interrelated work in the Institute's laboratories. r AAAA ▲AAA Comprehensive Research Programs Comprehensive collaborative Malaria ' resistant to chloroquinc but also to other b) The study of pathophysiology of research programs have been organized 5 drugs including amodiaquine, malarial infection, mechanisms to promote the pooling of resource One comprehensive research j sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, quinine of drug resistance and adverse persons, facilities, and funding among program is on malaria. Malaria has been 1 and mefloquine. It has been suggested drug effects. This study is responsible for much human suffering selected national and international 1 that if the present trend continues, the carried out in the Laboratory of and misery accompanying the process of institutes, with the aim of solving affluent countries will soon arrive at the Pharmacology. problems of mutual interest social and economic development. Some end of their drug repertoire. and importance. 270 million people are infected with Cancer malaria as estimated by WHO. More To tackle the malaria problem, The Institute is linked to a The second comprehensive than 2000 million people in some 100 a combined interdisciplinary approach number of major scientific and research program is the cancer research program. countries now live in areas where there is is highly desirable for successful results. institutions in the country, and will act as a definite risk of falling sick from . Our Institute is well suited to serve these Cancer is not a uniform disease, a catalyst to facilitate and coordinate malaria. Over the last ten years the ' needs. The chemistry laboratories have but is a group of diseases which share collaboration at both national and malaria situation has been worsening in successfully synthesized many potential common features such as abnormal cell international levels. many parts of the world. antimalarials as well as procured many growth and proliferation, and appears to CRI has initiated 2 major plant extracts and isolated natural pro begin with a genetic defect in a single The need to find new research programs, one on malaria and ducts for in vitro and in vivo testings cell. These abnormalities result from a antimalarials is pressing due to the one on cancer, to link and integrate routinely carried out in the biomedical number of biochemical and pathological discovery of the resistance of the human research activities undertaken in the laboratories. processes. Carcinogenesis is therefore an malarial parasite, Plasmodium Institute's laboratories in comprehensive exceedingly complex process involving falciparum, to the presently available Other aspects of the Institute's programs designed to provide an multistages. common antimalarial drugs. Treatment malaria research include: effective approach to problem solving. has thus become both less effective and a) Development of new methods for The research program in cancer much more expensive. The problem is detection of malaria. This project encompasses the study of the mechanisms further aggravated by the resistance of is undertaken by the laboratories of carcinogenesis, modifiers and risk vector anopheline mosquitoes to the most of Pharmacology and Environ factors in carcinogenesis, identification of effective and least toxic insecticides mental Toxicology in collabora specific tumor markers, development of which were used to kill them. Today, not tion with the University of Texas monoclonal antibody for early detection only are there strains of P. falciparum ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, of certain tumors, and screening of Thai | and the University of Wales at medicinal plants for anticancer properties. Bangor. i ▲▲▲▲ ▲▲▲▲ CRI LABORATORIES The CRI cancer research program focuses on the type of cancers prevalent in Thailand and in this geographical region such as liver cancer and cholangio- carcinoma, the etiology of which may be related to diet, life style and other patho logical conditions. Basic cancer research is carried out in the laboratories of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Environmental Toxicology and Immunology. Screening of natural products for anticanccr activities is con ducted by the laboratories of Natural Products, Medicinal Chemistry and Immu nology. CHEMISTRY SECTION There are three laboratories in the Chemistry Section, namely Labora tory of Natural Products, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Laboratory of Organic Synthesis. Apart from striving for academic excellence, all the chemistry laboratories arc working in concert aiming at improving the quality of life through research into Chemistry. AAAA AAAA Laboratory of Natural Products Her Royal Highness Princess Clnilabhorn Mahidol, Ph.D., Head Plant preparations have pro Current research investigations: isolated and identified some coumarin The Laboratory of Natural vided the basis of traditional medicine The plant Phyllanthus amarus derivatives and the biological testings of Products has collaborated with various throughout human civilization. The plant Schum. &Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae), these compounds are under way. Cassava other laboratories, departments and kingdom remains a largely untapped locally known as Look Tai Bai, has been (Manihot esculenta Crantz), commonly universities including the Chulabhom reservoir of new natural products with a traditionally used for the treatment of known as tapioca, is an important source Research Center; the Biotechnology for wide variety of novel chemical structures jaundice and other diseases. Interesting of carbohydrate for half a billion people Medicinal Plants Improvement and biological activities ranging from the results of the cytotoxicity tests of two in the tropical zone. Thailand is one Programme, Faculty of Pharmacy; anti-cancer alkaloid vinblastine to the compounds isolated from this plant have of the leading exporters of tapioca. Department of Biochemistry, toxic cyanogenic glycosides. been found. We have also initiated the We have investigated the chemical Department of Chemistry, Faculty of constituents of Manihot esculenta Science, Mahidol University; Thailand is endowed with a investigation of other Phyllanthus and the known cyanogenic glycosides, Department of Medical Science, great diversity of indigenous medicinal plants. linamarin and lotaustralin, have been Division of Medicinal Plant Research plant species, but unfortunately only a t Recent investigation on Denis isolated from cassava. Apart from these and Development; and the University of small fraction of these plants have been escalata (Cha aim Thai) locally used as compounds we have also isolated new Illinois at Chicago. scientifically investigated. Research on the relief of thirst has yielded two new cyanogenic glycosides and decyanated chemistry of natural products at CRI aims flavanone derivatives. Colchicine glycosides as well as some flavone at the systematic investigation of plants for derivatives have been isolated from derivatives. new value-added plant-derived products Gloriosa superha and interesting results with useful medicinal and chemical for cytotoxicity tests with different properties. Attention is also focused on the cancer cell lines have been obtained. search for plant constituents that can be The calanolides, a novel HIV-inhibitory used as precursors in the production of class of coumarin derivatives, have been pharmaceuticals. Chemical research will identified by the US National Cancer concentrate on extraction, separation, Institute. The compounds have been elucidation of structure, and modification isolated from the extract of the tropical of structure to enhance potency. Com rainforest tree Calophyllum lanigerum. pounds developed under this program will We have also investigated the be subject to pharmacological and safety Calophyllum plants i.e. Calophyllum evaluations. inophyllum. From this plant we have ▲AAA AAAA Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Somsak Ruchirawat, PhD., Head Thailand imports drugs worth arc needed. A search is being made for lives and other sulfonamide drugs for Laboratory of Medicinal Chemis billions of baht annually. However, new antimalarial drugs, and the synthesis testing as potential drugs for male try is working in collaboration with research and development of synthetic and biological activity of various antifertility. Research and Development of Synthetic drugs is virtually non-existent. To prepare praziquantel analogues is being actively Mefloquine is currently used for the Drugs Programme, Institute of Science for self-reliance in the future in this key pursued. We have developed a method to treatment of malaria. Wc have developed and Technology for Research and Devel pharmaceutical field, it is necessary to lay synthesize various analogues of an alternative synthesis of the key opment, Faculty of Pharmacy, and a foundation for research and develop praziquantel for biological testings. intermediate for the synthesis of Faculty of Science, Mahidol University. ment, with particular emphasis on Many sulphonamidcs arc also being mefloquine. Wc have also synthesized Current research investigations: potentially significant synthetic drugs for synthesized and tested as candidates for many mefloquine analogues and from this A search is being made for new the treatment of some tropical diseases male antifertility drugs. work wc have synthesized and tested antimalarial drugs, and the synthesis of prevalent in this geographical region. More recent evidence indicates many derivatives. One compound has various praziquatc! analogues is being Two tropical diseases which are that sulfapyridinc moiety, which is a shown very promising results as a candi carried out. endemic to Thailand arc malaria and metabolic breakdown product of date for further development as an liver-fluke infestation. For malaria, new sulphasalazine by bacteria in the gut, is antimalarial drug. Other research areas include the antimalarial drugs arc highly desirable responsible for antifertility in man and in synthesis and reactions of the benzyl iso- Other research areas in this due to resistance of the parasite to existing rats. With this lead in mind, we have quinoline and benzylisoquinoline- laboratory include the synthesis and ones. Moreover, it, is alarming that more synthesized many sulfapyridinc deriva- derived alkaloids. reactions of alkaloids in general, particu than 7 million Thais living in the larly the benzylisoquinoline and Northeastern region suffer from benzylisoquinoline-derived alkaloids. A liver-fluke infestation. versatile route to the crythrina alkaloids "Praziquantel" is the drug of and various synthetic routes to the choice for this parasitic disease, protoberberine and benzazepine alkaloids but mass treatment is at present have been developed, as well as other not feasible due to its relatively interesting reactions of nitrogen high cost. Analogues of hctcrocycles with potential application in praziquantel with higher efficacy synthesis. and/or lower cost of production ▲▲▲▲ ▲▲▲▲ Laboratory of Organic Synthesis BIOMEDICAL Her Royal Highness Princess Clnilahlwrn Mahidol, Ph.D., Head RESEARCH SECTION Organic synthesis may be con Current research investigations: sidered as the core of chemical The total synthesis of diospyrol, research and its services extend beyond a compound obtained from the Diospyros the chemistry department into varied and mollis berry ["Ma-Klua"], has been wide-ranging interdisciplinary labora developed. The finding that There arc’7 laboratories in tories, serving specific chemical needs michellamine, a dimeric natural product this section namely : of scientists in many fields. It is not linking diospyrol derivative and • Biochemistry surprising, therefore, that every chemistry isoquinolinc alkaloid, is active against department in Thailand is striving to HIV gave added importance to the • Biotechnology establish this kind of activity. However, diospyrol problem. • Chemical Carcinogenesis for a developing country, this is an undertaking of daunting proportions, due The laboratory has successfully • Environmental Toxicology both to the scarcity of qualified research synthesized simple naphthol derivatives • Immunology chemists and to the high cost of equipping and coupled them to the diospyrol • Pathobiology a modem organic synthesis research derivative. At the moment we are also laboratory. investigating the synthesis of diospyrol • Pharmacology directly without recourse to coupling. CRI is confronting this problem by establishing a laboratory, fully As alkaloids and some naturally equipped with high performance instru occurring oxygen heterocycles have been i ments, to serve as a base from which found to be biologically active and some are used as drugs, we have directed research in organic synthesis may be i strengthened and sustained. Although in our efforts to the synthesis of many I the eyes of the layman the rewards may alkaloids and other oxygen heterocyclic not be immediate, yet nourishing the roots compounds. of science has far-reaching, long-term New synthetic reactions are also benefits. being investigated. !• i AAAA AAAA I Laboratory of Biochemistry M.R. Jisiutson Svasti, Ph.D., Head Proteins arc the instruments synthesis to different extents, and meth east Asia lor the first tunc. This variant through which the genetic potential of ods for improving yields of synthesis and has similar properties to Hb E, the most an organism are expressed. The interests identification of novel oligosaccharide common variant found in Thailand. of the laboratory are in studying the products arc now under investigation. The Thai Hb C gene appears to have an structure, function and applications of Structure and function relation independent evolutionary origin to the proteins and enzymes. ship, such as abnormalities that can lead other Hb C genes characterised else Current research investigations: to disease states, is another focus of where. The similarities in properties and research. In terms of protein structure, electrophoretic mobilities of I lb E and In terms of applications, work is collaborative research is being carried Hb C could potentially cause errors in in progress on the enzymatic synthesis of out with doctors at Siriraj Hospital, diagnosis, thus the research currently oligosaccharides, which are small Mahidol University on the characterisa being undertaken involves investigation carbohydate compounds with potential tion of abnormal hemoglobins, many of of the existence of other slow variants uses not only in the food industry but which were first discovered in Thailand with properties similar to those of Hb E, also for diagnostic and therapeutic glycosidascs have been identified. (e.g. Hb Thailand, Hb Mahidol, Hb as well as a search for other variants not purposes. Enzymatic synthesis offers A B-glucosidasc/ B-fucosidasc enzyme Siriraj). Most recently, this research previously discovered in Thailand. greater potential than chemical has been purified from Thai Rosewood revealed the presence of Hb C in South synthesis in terms of efficiency and (Dalbergia cochiitchinensis Pierre), and stereospecificity. Our approach involves its kinetic properties, structure and reversing the hydrolytic action of the oligosaccharide synthesising ability are glycosidase enzymes with high being studied in detail. Another enzyme, monosaccharide concentrations at B-galactosidase, has been purified from high temperatures. Thai Jute (Hihicus sahdariffa L. var . From a systematic survey of nine altisisma), and studies are in progress on glycosidase enzymes from the seeds of a number of a-mannosidascs including more than 60 Thai plants from 17 that from Albizzia procera Bcnlh. These families, good sources of various enzymes may be used for oligosaccharide ▲ ▲▲A ▲AAA Laboratory of Biotechnology ■Shorn Mongkolsttk, Ph.D„ Head Biotechnology has evolved from anions which lead to oxidative stress and bacterial pathogen, Xantltomonas oryzae, basic research in the fields of biochemis damage to all biological molecules. We which is the most destructive bacterial Two major projects arc ongoing try, genetics, and microbiology. have isolated several bacteria from rice disease in rice. The focus of research is <1) Isolation and expression of gene This is reflected in the multidis fields which were highly resistant to on the mechanisms by which microbes paraquat. Most of the isolated bacteria ending for flavonoids biosynthesis pathway in ciplinary nature of research carried out in evade plant defense and cause disease. orchids for color differentiation offlowers. this laboratory. The broad goal of the have been identified as Xantltomonas This study complements the research in Chalconc synllmsc (CHS), chalconc laboratory of biotechnology is to apply the spp. In the past lew years, research has the Microbial Biotechnology Section. focused on the resistance mechanism to isomcrasc (CHI), and diliydrotlavonol reductase latest technologies to the Institute's (DFIt) arc the responsible enzymes directly paraquat and bacterial oxidative stress 2. Genetic engineering ap priority research areas. proach to improve Thai orchid varieties. involved in flavonoids biosynthesis pathway. So responses. We have isolated various . far, the genes mentioned have not been isolated Current research investigations: genes involved in oxidative stress protec Orchid is one of the most from any kind of orchid. Therefore, our first tion (i.e. catalase, alkyl hydroperoxide important economic crops of Thailand. attempt was to amplify these genes from different The main projects can be divided reductase) and we are currently examin Due to slow growing of the orchid with kinds of plants, to compare their sequences and to express them in the orchid plant. into two areas, namely Environmental and ing their physiological roles. This long sexual propagation cycles, it takes Microbial Biotechnology, and Plant knowledge is useful in designing strate three years from seed to first flowering. h) Isolation and expression of the coat Biotechnology. protein genes of cymbiditan mosaic virus and gies to protect plants from herbicides Thus it is not easy to gain crop improve odontoglossum ringspot virus for viral disease 1 contaminating water and soil. ment through conventional breeding. We resistance. 1. Environmental and Microbial have attempted to manipulate the appro Biotechnology Cymbidium mosaic virus (CyMV) and 2. Plant Biotechnology priate new strains of orchids through Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) have been The laboratory has investigated There are two ongoing areas of genetic engineering aiming for a novel reported as important orchid viruses in Thailand. The viruses arc widely distributed and reduce plant the effects of the widely used herbicide, research in Plant Biotechnology section : color of the flower and virus disease paraquat, on non-human systems. Large resistant varieties. vigor and lower flower quality, which adversely affects economic value. So far, we have already quantity and repeated applications of the 1. Plant bacterial disease involving Xantltomonas. obtained various clones of CyMV-CP and ORSV- herbicide have led to alteration in local CP gene for direct gene transfer in orchids with the ecology. Mechanism of paraquat toxicity For plant-disease resistance, final aim of virus-resistant varieties. is due to its ability to generate superoxide the laboratory has focused on a rice AAAA AAAA Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis Her Royal Highness Princcxs Cluilabhorn Maliidol, Pli.D., Head Cancer is a group of diseases The goals of research in this which share some common-features such laboratory are Current research investigationx as abnormal cell growth and prolifera 1) To study the mechanisms tion. These abnormalities result from a 2. underlying cancer development, particu 1. Evaluation of the possible Study of the etiology of number of biochemical and pathological larly in systems prevalent in Thailand health hazards to traffic police of cholangiocarcinoma and the molecular mechanism involved. processes. and Southeast Asia which may be genotoxic substances in air pollution. More than eighty percent of induced by chemicals and other environ Environmental, lifestyle and Opisthorchiasis or liver fluke human cancers are believed to be induced mental factors. genetic factors arc believed to play an infection is an endemic parasitic disease important role in the etiology of human prevalent among the population in the by chemicals and in many cases cancer 2) To identify the eliologic cancer. The project aims at assessment northeastern part of Thailand as well as frequency shows characteristic geographi agents and modifying factors in certain in other Asian countries where both cal differences, independent of race or types of cancer. of possible harmful effects of air pollu genetic factors. The geographical fluctua tion due to traffic congestion in Bangkok hepatocellular carcinoma and tions of cancer frequency, coupled with Among the systems identified on human health and aims to evaluate the cholangiocarcinoma arc common. How observed changes in the temporal trends, are hepatocellular carcinoma and effect of vehicle emissions as risk factors ever, the etiological factors of suggest that environmental and lifestyle cholangiocarcinoma, both of which arc in the etiology of human cancer. cholangiocarcinoma are believed to be factors play an important role in believed to be related to exposure to Biomarkcrs for genetic exposure and opisthorchiasis together with other carcinogenesis. carcinogens in food such as aflaloxin B| individual susceptibility will be used in chemical carcinogens such as the \ and hilrosamincs, compounded by other Carcinogenesis is a multistep and epidemiological investigation to identify nitrosamines, but the mechanism that predisposing factors such as viral and host and environmental factors that are leads to this association is still unclear. multicausal process that can be character parasitic infection. important in the etiology of cancer. This The project aims at elucidation at cellular ized as initiation, promotion and progres research project is in collaboration with and molecular levels of mechanisms sion. Each of these steps is exceedingly the Steno Institute of Public Health, complex in itself. through which a chemical carcinogen, University of Aarhus, Denmark. dimclhylnitrosaminc, and liver fluke induce cholangiocarcinoma. AAAA AAAA Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology Math was Ruchirawat, Ph.D., Head JC/nvironmenlal toxicology the influence of host factors such as • Assessment of the possible and biological tests using aquatic organ has become an area of growing nutritional status, disease states on harmful effects on human health by isms which seem to have some disadvan interest and concern both to the toxicity and carcinogenicity of chemicals. studying the relationship between the tages. The rapid detection of environ scientific community and to the • to develop new methods for extent of exposure, level of damage and mental toxicants is a key aspect not only general public, since chemicals and detection of environmental toxicants. individual susceptibility through the use for basic research but also for environ pollutants together with other envi of biological markers. mental and industrial monitoring and the ronmental factors arc now recognized Current research investigations : Study of the effects of nutritional enforcement of environmental and health as major determinants of human deficiencies as modulating factors in standards. The ability to conduct rapid health status. These chemicals, apart The following research projects carcinogenesis and toxicity of chemicals. tests on multiple samples in the field arc in progress : would therefore represent a significant from their inherent toxicity, may Many forms of nutritional modulate toxicity of other substances Effects of environmental pollu step forward for environmental research deficiencies are still prevalent in Thai and monitoring. by interfering with various physio tants and industrial chemicals as modi land and Southeast Asia. Among the logical systems. fiers of physiological and pathological micronutrients, deficiencies of vitamins, The project in collaboration with the status. particularly the B vitamin family arc still Research interests in the University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Laboratory of Environmental Toxi The project broadly aims to common and can occur rapidly after inadequate intake of food containing Cancer Center, USA, aims at utilizing the cology are broadly concerned with evaluate the possible harmful effects of technique of dielectrophoresis in detection vitamins. major health and environmental environmental pollutants and industrial of low levels of pollutants arising from problems resulting from the use of chemicals on health. Two types of studies The effects of the vitamin B industrial and agricultural sources in the chemicals. The major long-range have been initialed: deficiencies on toxicity of industrial water supply. Dielectrophoresis is the goals of the current programs are: • Study in animal model chemicals and carcinogens such as motion of particles induced by non- • to elucidate mechanisms system, in which animals are exposed to acrylonitrile, styrene and uniform, oscillating electric fields. Subtle through which chemicals and biologi various levels of chemicals over a period dichlorobenzene and dimethylnitro- responses of cells to agents include altera saminc have been studied. cal agents in the environment induce ranging from acute to subchronic study. tions in membrane capacitance and pathogenesis. Effects on hepatic biotransformation Detection of Environmental membrane conductance which arc two parameters easily assessed by dielectro • to study the effects of system leading to activation and inactiva Toxicants by Dielectrophoresis environmental pollutants and indus phoresis. By applying this technique, it is tion of chemicals are evaluated under Current methods for the detec hoped that a new, low cost and rapid trial chemicals as modifiers of physi various pathological conditions of the tion of toxic substances in bodies of method of detection of toxic chemicals in ological and pathological status and host. water, ground water and the public water the water supply can be developed. supply rely upon specific laboratory tests ▲AAA ▲AAA Laboratory of Immunology Laboratory of Pathobiology Stitaya Sirisinlui, D.M.D., Pli.D., Head Udom Clumtliaraksri, Pli.D., Head This laboratory is designed to A number of infectious and non- Current research investigations: of disease in order to provide evidence for infectious diseases are highly prevalent in accommodate research activities directed CRI researchers, in conjunction further development of rational therapeutic towards a better understanding of disease approaches i.c. provision of more accurate and/or unique to Thailand and some other with those of the Faculty of Science, tropical and Southeast Asian countries. processes at the molecular and cellular and precise methods for diagnosis, treat Mahidol University and other institutions, levels. Emphasis is given to the applica ment and prevention of the diseases. These infectious diseases include are working together with the aim of tion of newly developed techniques in Apart from the in-house research melioidosis (a bacterial infection caused improving diagnosis and suggesting ways molecular and cell biology to unravelling by BurklioUleriu (Pseudomonas mysteries concerning abnormalities of functions, the Laboratory will collaborate and means to better manage patients with extensively with national and international opisthorchiasis (a liver cell behavior and interactions between pseudomallei), these diseases. Currently, a number of institutes to strengthen research capability fluke infection caused by Opisthorchis cells. Special attention is placed on monoclonal antibodies have been pro studies of cellular mediators and environ in solving these common and pressing viverrini) and gnathostomiasis (a nema duced, potential tumor markers identified, mental factors that regulate the functions problems. This collaboration will stimulate tode parasite causing serious disease of cells and cell populations, both in the free flow of scholars, ideas and technol and cholangiocarcinoma cell lines estab ogy between this Institute and other key involving central nervous system). More lished; all of which should pave the way health and in disease stales. Thalassemia and malaria arc among the endemic centers throughout the world. recently, a rare fungal disease toward better diagnosis and management (Penicillium marneffei) has been reported diseases of primary concern and the focus Current research investigations : of these diseases. For example, work is of research areas to be explored. These to complicate a special group of people being carried out in the development of diseases have long posed a serious socio Research activities include :- with HIV infection. A unique noil- commercially viable diagnostic kits, in economic threat to Thailand and have • Nature of oxidative stress in infectious disease is a malignancy of the testing the susceptibility of cholangio been major causes of public health thalassemia; state of oxidative stress in biliary system known as cholangio- carcinoma to existing lymphokincs and problems in countries in the Southeast thalassemia blood, whether antioxidant carcinoma. This highly fatal intrahcpatic Asian region. (vitamin E) modulates oxidative anti-canccr drugs and in identifying new stress and ESR evidence of membrane The pathogenesis of the associ tumor is particularly important because Thai medicinal plants with anti-cancer damage in thalassemia red blood cells, it occurs more commonly among people potential for the treatment of cholangio ated clinical syndromes that tarnish the quality of life of affected people is poorly • Lipoprotein metabolism in thalassemia; with chronic liver fluke infection com carcinoma. Attempts arc also being made understood with the result that manage relating the lipid status to the pounded by malnutrition and often to more fully understand the pathogenesis ment, in many cases, is largely sympto pathophysiology, fates of lipoproteins consuming foods contaminated with of melioidosis and other diseases in order matic. Scientific knowledge about in thalassemia blood both in vitro & in known carcinogens. Diagnosis and to provide information useful for new defects in the basis controlling mecha vivo, clinical trials of new orally active nisms of cellular function is insufficient iron chelators (hydroxypyridoncs v.s. management of these diseases are not yet approaches in the management of these for the medical community to develop desferioxamine), candidate antioxidants fully satisfactory and still leave much tropical diseases. appropriate therapeutic measures, for (vitamin C and E, Selenium, and room for improvement. which there is an urgent need. The Curcumin). studies in this laboratory aim at delinea tion of the pathophysiological processes ▲ ▲▲A AAAA Laboratory of Pharmacology JutamaadSatayavivad, Ph.D., Head iVJLalaria is still a major health Current research investigations: 2. Detection of Low-Grade Ma tion with the Laboratory of Environmental problem in developing countries includ At present, there arc two research laria Infection by Dielectrophoresis Toxicology. It was found that ing Thailand. In order to fulfil the projects related to malaria and another The objective of this research acrylonitrile induced the release of acetyl Institute’s objective of improving the related to alterations of cholinergic project is to apply the technique of choline from the cholinergic nerve, termi quality of life of the Thai people, the functions induced by industrial chemicals dielectrophoresis to the study of malaria- nals. Preliminary studies using isolated rat Laboratories of Medicinal Chemistry and and pesticides. The details of these infected versus normal erythrocytes. The trachea and spontaneously beating atria as Pharmacology have a joint project on the projects arc as follows : preliminary results revealed that the muscarinic receptors testing model development of antimalarial drugs. Since infected red blood cells and non-infected suggested that there arc adaptive changes there arc several steps involved in the I. Prcclinical studies of anti- red blood cells have different electrical of muscarinic receptors following chronic process of drug development, only the malarial drugs membrane properties which can be used as exposure of this chemical. prcclinical stage is emphasized during the A number of synthetic com the basis for separation by dielcctro- initial phase of research activity. Malnutrition such as thiamine and pounds have been tested for their anti- phoretic technique. hypokalemia is prevalent in certain areas The other area of research malarial activity in both in vitro system It is anticipated that the informa of the country. Since thiamine deficiency interest is ncurotoxicology with special using Plasmodium falciparum and in vivo tion obtained will be useful for building a and hypokalemic state can alter the emphasis on cholinergic functions. There system using Plasmodium herghei. The prototype instrument capable of separating muscarinic responses to acetylcholine, the are drugs and chemicals that can modify preliminary results revealed that some infected red blood cells from non-infected combined influences of industrial chemi cholinergic functions, therefore attempts compounds have potent antimalarial cells. This research project is in collabora cals, pesticides and malnutrition status on have been made to study alterations of activity. Further studies of their effects tion with University of Texas, MD cholinergic muscarinic response to acetyl muscarinic responses to acetylcholine, the on the cardiovascular, respiratory and Anderson Cancer Center, U.S.A. and choline have been studied. The results of ncurolransmitter of the cholinergic nervous system are in progress. These University of Wales, U.K. this project will be useful for the preven nervous system, in various situations, for pharmacological studies and acute tion of the health hazard induced by low example: chronic exposure to pesticides toxicological studies are essential for a 3. Evaluation of industrial pollu dose and chronic exposure to industrial and chronic exposure to chemicals used critical evaluation of their potential to be tants or by-products and pesticides as chemicals and pesticides in malnourished in industry. The information obtained is studied further in the other aspects predisposing factors or modulatorsof subjects. essential for future drug development including pharmacokinetics and more physiological and pathological status. which aims at the treatment of neurologi extensive toxicological studies. Besides The modulating effects of cal disorders related to cholinergic synthetic compounds, the study of pure industrial chemicals (i.e. acrylonitrile) and functions and effective management of compounds isolated from medicinal pesticides on autonomic nervous system the adverse effects of pesticides and plants has also been carried out. with special emphasis on cholinergic chemicals used in industry. functions have been studied in collabora VVYY VVVV ▲AAA ▲ AAA EDUCATION/TRAINING AND SCIENTIFIC EXCHANGE Human resources and expertise CRI's academic programs are are an essential requirement for national usually organized in collaboration with and regional development. Consequently, leading scientific institutes and interna CRI places a strong emphasis on capacity tional organizations. Such collaboration building through providing a wide range facilitates the transfer of technology and of training programs in science and dissemination of information and new technology. Each program is designed for findings developed in the advanced a specific target group c.g. scientists, scientific community to the region. Both academics, government officials, indus academic and research activities arc trial personnel and, in the case of some therefore closely linked with the scien programs, for the general public. Among tific exchange program of the Institute. CRI's current training programs arc the CRI believes that science is Training Program in Environmental international and transcends national Toxicology and Biotechnology operated frontiers. In its role as a center for by the International Centre for Environ national and international cooperation, mental and Industrial Toxicology (ICEIT) CRI aims to initiate scientific collabora and Advanced Training Programs in tion between institutes that will comple Biomedical Science and Chemistry. The ment and intensify the programs of both Conference programs designed to dis partners. seminate new findings and relevant information include the Princess Chulabhorn Science Congress Program and the Princess Chulabhorn Distin guished Lecture Scries. AAAA ▲▲▲a Academic Training Programs I. International Program Thus, ICEIT's activities may be I I )l AHON/I KVMNINt i AMI ) \< II Mill l< I \( I IAM( .1 l( on Environmental Toxicology and divided into three components : Re (Continued) Biotechnology of the International search, Education and Training, and Centre for Environmental and Indus Awareness and Information. trial Toxicology (l('KIT). • Research activities include ICEIT was established as a evaluation of environmental and indus center to coordinate academic and trial pollutants as modulators of physio The scope of collaboration In addition to the scientific research activities as well as to promote includes joint research and training exchange program at a higher level, logical and pathological status, and public awareness in the area of toxic exploration of the use of biotechnology programs to promote mutual direct training fellowships have been awarded chemicals and biotechnology. The center contact of scientists, training of scientific to scientists from developing countries for detoxification of hazardous wastes was created in 1990 following the support staff, and exchange of scientific including Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cam and pesticides. ICEIT will also act as a successful implementation of the Insti information and visits. At present, bodia, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, catalyst to encourage research by other tute's main human resource development institutes, and will cooperate with other multidisciplinary collaboration with Kenya, Laos, Liberia, Malaysia, program namely : The International various international academic and Mexico, Myanmar, Nigeria, Nepal, scientific institutions in developed Program on Environmental & Industrial research institutes has been initiated and People's Republic of China, Republic countries to promote exchange of infor Toxicology (IPEIT) which has subse formalized. Memoranda of scientific of Philippines, Republic of Singapore, mation, technology transfer and research quently been expanded to cover the area agreements between CRI and a number Social Republic of Vietnam, Sri Lanka, collaboration. of biotechnology. ICEIT organizes of institutes and international organiza Syria, United Republic of Tanzania, • education and training activities through Education and Training tions have been signed. and Uganda. has the objective of using information this academic training program, and at from research for the development of the same time coordinates research and human resources in academic, govern training through its linkages with CRI's ment and industrial sectors for the research laboratories such as the labora treatment and disposal of hazardous tories of chemical carcinogenesis, wastes and for prevention of environ environmental toxicology, biotechno mental toxicology problems. logy, and pharmacology so that both research and training activities comple Several international confer ment each other. ences, training courses, seminars and workshops have been held regularly. The goals of ICEIT arc to promote the use of science and techno logy to protect environmental quality and human health and at the same time to encourage an awareness of environment quality in the government, the private sector and the general public. ▲▲▲▲ ▲▲▲▲ through the ICEIT quarterly newsletter The core training programs arc :- 2. Advanced Training Program in which circulates to more than 2000 readers e International Training Course on Envi ■ Environmental Toxicology, worldwide. Biomedical Sciences and Chemistry Pollution Control and Manage ronmental and Industrial Toxicology : ment, Modern Techniques in In recognition of the outstanding ■ Pollution Control and Assessment This recently initialed prograni Biotechnology. activities (hat CRI has undertaken in the (Part I) in November 1991. provides specialist training courses in the ■ Risk Assessment and Manage area, the United Nations Environment e International Training Course on Environ areas of Biomedical Science and Chcipistry ment of Toxic Chemicals. Programme in 1990 designated ICEIT as mental and Industrial Toxicology : to assist the academic sector to improve the e Risk Assessment and Manage the "UNEP Centre of Excellence in Pollution Control and Assessment ‘ quality of education, to promote and facilitate ment in Biotechnology. Environmental and Industrial Toxico (Part II) in December 1991. research initiation and collaboration as well logy". as international cooperation. ■ The international conference series e Training Workshop on Modern Tech covers the areas of :- niques in Biotechnology I: Recombinant DNA Technology in October 1993. Courses organized in this program have e Environmental and Industrial Activities: included: Toxicology. e International Toxicology Seminar on e International Training Courses in Pollu . ! E International Course on the Detection of e Biotechnology for Sustainable Environmental Toxicology in Novem tion Control and Management and Development. ber 1988. Environmental Toxicology Part I: Pollu . Health Hazards in Human Populations Exposed to Mutagens and Carcinogens e Risk of Toxic Substances in Develop tion Control and Management in Novem ber 1994. held in 1993 and organized jointly with • Awareness and Informa ing Countries : Implications for the International Agency for Research on tion covers two aspects. The first will be Women and Children in November e International Training Courses in Pollu Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. to increase public awareness, and to 1988. tion Control and Environmental Toxico- . encourage greater involvement of the b Adapting New Technology for Detoxi logy Part II: Environmental Toxicology e Advanced Training Course in Tumor public in identifying environmental fication of Hazardous Waste and in November 1994. Biology jointly organized in 1995 with problems and the resolution of such Waste Management in September e Asia-Pacific Workshop on Safety in the International Union Against Cancer, problems through cooperation. The other 1989. Biotechnology in March 1995 . Geneva, Switzerland. e The International Training Workshops aspect is to provide scientifically based e Training Workshop on Modern Tech e Training Course on Application of NMR information and recommendations for on Risk Assessment and Management niques in Biotechnology II: Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry to formulation of policies. In this connec of Toxic Chemical: Principles and Bacterial Genetics and Gene Expression Organic Chemistry jointly organized with tion, CRI has access to the information Applications in December 1989. in June 1995. Deutsche Gcscllschaft fur Tcchnisfchc system from the International Register of E International Conference on Biotech e Biotechnology Research and Applica Zusammcnarbeit (GTZ) GmbH in 1995. Potentially Toxic Chemicals (IRPTC) of nology and Environmental Science: tions for Sustainable Development e Practical Training Course on Determina the United Nations Environmental Pro Molecular Approaches (BESMA) in (BRASD) in August 1995. gramme, and, with some initial assistance September 1990. tion of Environmental Pollutants ’jointly from the Asian Development Bank, and e International Conference on Environ e The Second International Conference on organized with Deutsche Gcscllschaft"fur Environmental and Industrial Toxicology: United Nations Development Programme mental and Industrial Toxicology : Technische Zusammcnarbeit (GTZ) Research and Application in December (UNDP) has provided, information on Research and Applications in July GmbH in 1995. 1996 toxic substances and on current issues 1991. related to environmental toxicology Conferences/Educational Programs aaaa AAAA Princess Chulablmrii Science Congress Princess Chuiabhorn Distinguished Lecture Program Series This series of international con The Princess Chuiabhorn Distin gresses was initiated by HRH Princess guished Lecture Series was established as a Chuiabhorn to provide a forum for the ex tribute to Her Royal Highness Princess change of the latest information and the most Chulabhorn's achievements as a scientist and recent advances in research among the to her role as a dedicated champion of science international scientific community. Under in Thailand. this program, international congresses on CRI and the Ministry of University selected topics in science and technology are Affairs, with generous support from both organized every 4-5 years. public and private sectors, have set up an ■ The first Princess Chuiabhorn Science endowment fund to establish the Distin Congress, the International Congress on guished Lecture Series as a continuing pro Natural Products, convened in December gram to be held every three years. The lecture 1987, to commemorate the 60th birthday series will further promote the development of anniversary of His Majesty King science and provide an opportunity for Thai Bhumibol Adulyadej, was attended by scientists to learn and benefit from the know over 1000 participants from 45 countries. ledge and insights of internationally renowned ■ The second Princess Chuiabhorn Science scientists and will serve to encourage and Congress was held in November 1992, inspire younger generations of Thai scientists. with the theme of "Environment, The inauguration of the program took Science and Technology: The Challenges place on 14 July 1993 to commemorate the of the 21st Century" to celebratb the 60th 36th birthday anniversary of Her Royal birthday anniversary of Her Majesty Highness Princess Chuiabhorn. The program Queen Sirikit. on this auspicious occasion included lectures ■ The Third Princess Chuiabhorn Science by three Nobel laureates: Professor D.H.R. Congress held in December 1995 took as Barton, Professor B.S. Blumberg and Profes its theme "Water and Development: sor R. Huber. Water is Life" to commemorate the Fiftieth Anniversary (Golden Jubilee) of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand's Accession to the Throne. ▲▲▲▲ SPECIAL ACTIVITIES 1. Program for Restoration of the Environment and the Livelihood of Persons Affected by Floods in the Southern Provinces Heavy floods in November 1988 constituted one of the worst disasters in recent history causing severe loss of life and damage to infrastructure, settlements, environment, agriculture and fisheries. Losses in 14 southern provinces were Chulabhornpatana Village 1: Located ■ estimated to amount to 9,000 million baht. in Thungnamuangchai, Thungyai District, CRI was requested by the Royal Thai Nakomsrithammarat Province, this Government to undertake this program to project covers an area of 1218 rais and coordinate the restoration of the environ involves 100 families, organized in the ment and the livelihood of the people in form of an Israeli Moshav. Each family two of the worst affected provinces, is allocated 1 rai for accommodation Nakomsrithammarat and Suratthani. A including a house, plus another 10 rais for full cycle program of action was carried their livelihood. The major produce of out involving resettlement, providing the village are catfish, pigs, chickens and short-term and long-term livelihood, public mushrooms. Additional means of liveli works, public health and other facilities. hood include canning food products and Four projects were initiated in March 1989, sewing clothes. as follows: SPECIAL ACTIVITIES (Continued) . AAAA AAAA Chulabhornpatana Village 2: Located which has a house and some land for lirns and Thai Buddhists. In in Banhuaytrccd, Pipoon District, livelihood. The objective is to create a addition, there is a centre for Nakomsrilhammarat Province, this “community forest", where members collecting information about project covers an area of 268 rais and take care of the abundant areas of forest biodiversity of the tropical involves 265 families, organized in the and reforest the depleted areas. Younger rain forest. The major pro form of an Israeli Kibbutz. Due to the people are taught to understand to duce is the famous Tanyong limited space available, common areas manage the forest and make proper use mas longong (Lansium were arranged for cultivation, animal of forest resources. domesticum). Other occupa husbandry and fisheries, and members of each family help with the common tions to be promoted include 2. Program for Community Develop the making of furniture, chores and take a share of the income ment and Natural Resource obtained. Major produce include chicken rearing of doves, and orchid Management in a Full Cycle and eggs, pigs, quail eggs, and catfish. Other cultivation. Sustainable Manner products include ceramics and silver Chulabhornpatana Village 6: This project was initiated as a forest reserve for Apart from the four villages ware. village is located in the deteriorated preserving the abundant forest. In addition, mentioned above, CRI has expanded the Chulabhornpatana Village 3: Located national forest reserve Donna, Tambon a handicrafts center has been started to principle of natural resource manage in Bansamcdjuan, Thungyai District, Takasa, Nongjig District, Pattani provide additional income for the people in ment in a full cycle and sustainable Nakomsrilhammarat Province, this Province, close to the sea. The project the vicinity. manner to the development of other areas involves fish farming with the aim of project covers an area of 2930 rais and also, using a variety of project formats studying and developing aquaculture Chulabhornpatana Village 8: Located at involves 100 families, operating on the selected to be most suitable for each techniques in a systematic manner. Baan Klong Namthao, Tambon Prupi, “Pah Rak Nam” or “Forest for Water” area. Presently, four projects have been principle of H.M. Queen Sirikit. The Additionally, this means of livelihood is Nasam District, Suratthani Province, this initiated by the President of the Institute, project differs from the others in being a major objectives are reforestation and as follows: being promoted in villages nearby, arranging settlement,without disturbing together with encouragement to help reforestation project rather than a village the environment. Major produce are rice, Chulabhornpatana Village 5: Located assist in the restoration of the forest. settlement. The aim is to restore the vegetables, fruit and other plants. Addi in the deteriorated national forest reserve damaged forests and preserve the existing Chulabhornpatana Village 7: This tional means of livelihood include Kalubi, Tambon Tanyongmas, Rangae natural environment, together with the project is located in Tambon Macwad, making artificial flowers, and tourism District, Nakomsrilhammarat Province, promotion of tourism. It is hoped that Tarto District, Yala Province, close to a this approach will make the people, around the water reservoirs. this project has 100 families. Based on the concept of “Pa Sman Jai” or “Forests water reservoir at Banglang Dam. The especially the youths, feel that they have Chulabhornpatana Village 4: Located Heal the Heart”, the project aims to countryside in the region is beautiful, responsibility for preserving the natural near Chulabhornpatana Village 3, this achieve community development based with abundant forests full of wildlife, environment, forests and wildlife for future project involves 100 families, each of on the cooperation between Thai Mus and close to several waterfalls. This generations. SPECIAL ACTIVITIES (Continued) AAA A AAAA CRI has also taken over four Thai language at the basic level is being 3, The Tuptim Siam Program for Tuptim Siam Program 01: This project other projects, Chulabhompatana Vil carried out. Occupations promoted Preserving and Managing Natural ■ is located in the national forest reserve lages 9,10,11 and 12 from the Fourth include cultivation of mushrooms and Resources in a Full Cycle Manner in Pakhaosming (Paklongyai - Pakhcfaimai), Region Army, with the objectives of medicinal plants, step-cultivation of Order lo Restore the Environment Moo 1 Baandanchumphol, Moo 3 managing the environment and promo plants, rattan cultivation for making and Improve the Quality of Life of Baanklongsacng and Moo 5 ‘ '•1 ting development at the same time. furniture. Villages near (he Thai-Kampuchca Development in these border regions Baantubmakok, Tambon Danchumphol, Chulabhompatana Village 11: Located Border aims to achieve stability by im-proving Borai District, Trad Province, 7 km from at Tambon Kabang, Kabang District; economic and social conditions in a Presently, forest reserves are being the Thai-Kampuchea border between grid Yala Province, this project covers 930 strategic manner. Villagers are encou over-run and damaged due to the rapidly 407-520 East and grid 737-820 North. rais in area and involves 62 families. A raged to work hand-in-hand with offi increasing population and poor economic The total area covers 33,000 rais (53 sq. ' Young Child Development Centre has cials, so as to help them find a livelihood and social conditions, which force the km) of mainly deteriorated forest, over been initiated and teaching of the Thai and to help to protect their village. run by Kampuchean refugees and origi language at the basic level is being people to try to find additional land for Presently, CRI has developed the neces- ■ nally the sites of refugee centers SITE K, carried out. Occupations promoted farming. In addition, provinces on the sary infrastructure and promoted various SITE E and Baankaijae. A modified include rearing of doves, bamboo wea eastern border and in the lower part of the occupations, such as fish farming, and Moshav-style cooperative has been set up ving, cultivation of peppers, cultivation northeast share a border with Kampuchea, cultivation of garden crops and fruit. a country torn by internal conflict, and involving 160 families, with each family of plants, and planting of local palm allocated a house in 1 rai of land plus Chulabhompatana Village 9: Located trees. i accordingly suffer in terms of stability, another 10 rai for their livelihood. The at Tambon Maewad, Tarto District, Yala peacefulness, quality of life and environ Chulabhompatana Village 12: Located Province, this project covers an area of ment. For this reason, H.R.H. Princess major occupations will be the growing of at Tambon Sukirin, Sukirin District, 2,1.45 rais and involves 109 families. A Chulabhorn has initiated the Tuptim Siam fruit, such as mongoslccn and durian, and Naralhivat Province, this project covers local Health Station'has been started and Program to develop the environment and the cutting and polishing of gemstones. 2,055 rais and involves 147 families. the Thai ,language is being taught at a improve the quality of life of the people in Occupations promoted include mush Tuptim Siam Program 02: This project basic level so that a(l villagers can read these border provinces. room cultivation, fish farming, raising is located in the national forest reserves and write. Various occupations have chickens, and making furniture from Pakhaochagun, Paplaiklonghueykrai and been started including cultivation of rattan and bamboo. Paphrasatung, Tambon Klongkaituan, ornamental plants, rearing of deer, To assist in marketing and in Klonghaad District, Sakaew Province, 3 growing oranges, fish farming, and purchasing agricultural products from km from the Thai-Kampuchca border, cultivation of mushrooms and ferns. villagers, H.R.H. Princess Chulabhorn with a total area of 1,250 rais (2 sq. km). Chulabhompatana Village 10: Located has established the Chulabhornpipat Formerly the site of refugee center SITE at Tambon Ayerweng, Belong District, factory for making canned food near the 8, the program is being operated as an Yala Province, this project covers 1,290 site of Chulabhompatana Village 1, and education and research unit for dissemina rais and involves 111 families. A Young various products from this factory are tion of knowledge on various careers, Child Development Centre and Library now reaching the markets and becoming both for major occupations and additional has been initiated and teaching of the better known. occupations, so as to develop suitable SPECIAL ACTIVITIES (Continued) AAAA AAAA means of livelihood for people in the North. The total area covers 2,457 rais (4 Tuptim Siam Program 06: This project The program, with an area of 1,700 rais region. Several government agencies are sq. km.) in area and involves 100 fami is located at Baannajarea, Tambon (2.7 sq. km.), is operated by the Depart involved including the Center for Animal lies, organized like a Kibbutz. Each Prueyai, Kukanl District, Srisakct Prov ment of Forestry, and has the objective of Feed Research, Department of Animal family is allocated a house on 2 rais of ince, 19 km. from the Thai-Kampuchea reforestation and preservation of the plant Husbandry, Department of Extension land plus another 6 rais for their liveli border between grid 198-232 East and resources of Thailand. Education, Department of Forestry, and hood. In addition, there is common land, grid 054-088 North. The total area covers others. for example common rice paddy field, 1,641 rais (2.6 sq. km.) and involves 150 Tuptim Siam Program 03: This project common field crops land, common families organized like a Moshav. Each is located in the national forest reserve animal grazing land. The major products family is allocated a house on 1 rai of Pakhaochagun and Pataphraya, Tambon are silkworm mulberry, flowering and land plus another 6 rais for their liveli Tupthai, Taphraya District, Sakaew ornamental plants, and milk cows. hood. The major products arc orchids and Province, 3 km from the Thai-Kampuchea Tuptim Siam Program 05: This project silkworm mulberry. border, between grid 719-752 East and is located at the forest reserves Tuptim Siam Program 07: This project grid 614-653 north. Formerly the site of Pakhaochagun, Panonsaoay, is located at Baansantisuk, Tambon refugee center SITE 2, the program covers Paplaiklonghueykrai and Paphrasatung, Bukdong, Kunham District, Srisakct an area of 4,720 rais (7.5 sq. km.) and Tambon Klongkaituan, Klonghaad Province, 13 km. from the Thai- involves 200 families, each of which is District, Sakaew Province, at the Thai- Kampuchea border between grid 390-458 allocated a house on 1 rai of land, plus Kampuchea border between grid 210-214 East and grid 993-1049 North. The total another 10 rais for their livelihood. The East and grid 1472-1479 North. The total area covers 1,653 rais (2.6 sq. km.) and major aims are to restore the environment area covers 9,960 rais (16 sq. km.) and involves 210 families organized like a and improve the quality of life of the involves 150 families, with each family Moshav. Each family is allocated a house people. being allocated a house on I rai of land on 1 rai of land plus another 6 rais for plus another 10 rais for their livelihood. farming The major products in future will Tuptim Siam Program 04: This project The remaining land is used in common, is located at Pahueysamran, a forest area be garden crops (such as mangoes and for construction of official buildings and rambutan), various field crops, and 4. Training Programs designated by the Cabinet to be preserved public facilities, for planting forests, for flowering and ornamental plants. ■ Various training programs are as a national forest, at Baankalengwek, common farming land, and for develop m Tambon Thepraksa, Sungka District, 6], Tuptim Siam Program 08: This project being undertaken to coordinate with the ing water resources. Activities in the Institute's development activities, namely: Surin Province. It was the former site of village include promoting the develop is located at the national forest reserve refugee center SITE B and lies 10 km ment of farming and training villagers to Pakhoksoong, Tambon Nongwaeng, a. Program for Improving Quality of from the Thai-Kampuchea border between protect themselves in this strategic Taphraya District, Sakaew Province, 13 Life: This is a broad training program grid 769-786 East and grid 971-991 village. km. from the Thai-Kampuchea border. lasting for 7 days for men and women SPECIAL ACTIVITIES (Continued ) AAAA AAAA of all ages organized in an enjoyable 5, Mobile Doctor Program economically important plants mation and technical knowledge to manner to teach basic principles of The mobile doctor program is with a view to possible industrial support other existing organizations. In living together that will be useful in applications. addition CUE would assist in the coordi operated in conjunction with the other the settlement of villages. nation of the activities of both govern 3. To study the conservation and development programs of CRI, with the ment and private organizations, so that b. Agricultural Youth Program: realization that health and hygiene are 3 collection of plants species, and rapid and effective solutions to problems This is an in-depth training program important components in community to undertake conservation of could be achieved. Work is being per lasting 6 months for young people development. Typically, teams of doctors germplasm. formed in two main areas: from 14 to 20 years of age who can and health personnel would visit the 4. To perform research on the read and write. After completing this various villages in the development Hazardous Chemicals: A improvement of plants by various register of hazardous chemicals is being program, scholarships are available programs. During the visits, patients in techniques such as embryo collected, in association with the Chemi for training under program c. remote areas arc provided with the oppor culture, anther or pollen culture, cal Manufacturing Association. Plans arc c. Overseas Training in Israel: This tunity to receive proper medical and dental chemical or ultraviolet underway to seek overseas collaboration program provides the opportunity for care. Children receive the recommended mutagenesis, protoplast fusion and to arrange training courses for people to study and develop further immunizations for various diseases. In and genetic engineering. officials responsible for safety in small knowledge in agriculture, coopera addition, local people are taught about and medium industries. health and hygiene, so that they develop tives, and other matters, and to apply 7. The AIDS Program at the CRI Tree Planting and Waste the correct attitudes. Research Center, Chianginai this knowledge to the Institute's I Disposal: A number of programs have community development programs. University Branch been operated in the Rachadapisck- 6. Tissue Culture Program Vibhavadec Rangsit areas, covering a d. Forest Appreciation Program: This At the request of the Faculty of A tissue culture laboratory was total of more than 50 rais. program was initiated in Narathiwat Medicine, Chiangmai University, a CRI to teach youths to appreciate the established at CRI to serve research needs Research Center, Chiangmai University forest. This 10 day course is similar and to culture tissues from plants with a Branch has been initiated to undertake view to cultivation at the Chulabhorn- to the “Quality of Life Program ” but research in AIDS, Natural Products and patana and Tuptim Siam Programs. The places greater emphasis on forests. Biomedical Science. objectives of the tissue culture program e. Forest Youth Program: This 6 are as follows: 8. Center for Urban environment week program provides in-depth (CUE) instruction similar to the “Agricul 1. To study plant breeding with a tural Youth Program ” but places view to increasing the amount of The Center for Urban Environ emphasis on forests. good quality plants ment was established to serve as a center 2. To perform research and develop for restoring the environment in urban techniques for tissue culture of areas, by providing the necessary infor a to 8
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