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Koasati Culture Changes. Daniel Jacobson Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College

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Koasati Culture Changes. Daniel Jacobson Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1954 Koasati Culture Changes. Daniel Jacobson Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Jacobson, Daniel, "Koasati Culture Changes." (1954). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 8098. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/8098 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. KOASATI CUT,TUBE! CHANGE A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geography and Anthropology by Daniel Jacobson A. B., New Jersey State Teachers College, 194-7 M. A., Columbia University, 1950 May, 1954- UMI Number: DP69476 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI Dissertation Publishing UMI DP69476 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code P r o O u e s t ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 MANUSCRIPT THESES Unpublished theses submitted for the masterfs and doctor*s degrees and deposited in the Louisiana State University Library are available for inspection. Use of any thesis is limited by the rights of the author. Bibliographical references may be noted, but passages may not be copied unless the author has given permission* Credit must be given in subsequent written or published work. A library which borrows this thesis for use by its clientele is expected to make sure that the borrower is aware of the above restrictions. LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 119-a ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 0 6 ^ j 0 X Many thanks are due to many persons for the inspiration and services rendered to the author in the preparation of this dis­ sertation# fih.ile it is impossible to mention all of them by name the author wishes to express his gratitude to all who cooperated so generously with him# Special thanks are extended to Dr# Fred B# Kniffen, who in­ troduced the author to the Koasati, who suggested that the culture of the Indians was worthy of serious study, and who guided his re­ search program from its inauspicious beginnings to its conclusion# Thanks, too, to the other members of th© Geography Department of the Louisiana State Uni versity for th© time expended by them in reading the dissertation in its crude form, and for the valuable criticisms and suggestions offered# The author is ©specially grateful to Dr# William G. Haag for his criticisms, and for proof­ reading the dissertation in its final fom# Although he has never met her th© author wishes to thank Mrs# Iyda Averill Taylor of Santa Fe, New Mexico, for th© notes, manuscript, letters, and photographs pertaining to the Koasati which she so generously sent to him# li© feels that his picture of Koasati life and Koasati culture change would hardly have been adequate without her help# For aid la library research the author gratefully acknow­ ledges th© help of the library staffs of the Hill Memorial Library 7$, 76 ■ 5 3 j -L-' , it 0 Oe O i *«9 * 4 I &1 I *r§S3 © i s i n * €=* J* j5 j1 l l % i I * 1 3 1 5I -31 ! TABIT, OF COMTEUTS CHAPTER PAGE ACIGl^TLFCaiKST ii LIST OF MAPS iv LEST OF PHOTOGRAPHS v ABSTRACT ••**.»•**•••«•• vii I. HI3T0RT ARD UXORATIOHS ****••«*»*****•»+****• 1 Koasati contacts with Do Soto *#**«»****»»« 1 Hcther town of the Koasati ••**»««••#••«••( 3 Contacts with th© English and French ••••«* 5 Causes of the migrations ***•••**».•*•«•••• S Koasati settlements in Texas and Louisiana 11 Rice farming on th© Louisiana prairie **••• 16 Recent history ***•**♦#*♦**♦*♦»******#**«*# IB IX, the CREEKS A m THE CREEK CULTURE OF 1750 «,**• 20 The Creek country •,*•••••«#••••••••»•***•• 20 The Creek towns ••«•••*••••••»•••**«••••••* 22 Social organisation 28 Political organisation ***••«*••*•#•«•♦*»»* 33 Religion «»•»**•«»*•••»•<»**•••#••***'•♦*•*•* 36 Tile life cycle •••***•«••••**•#»««••*••#*•• 39 The economy •»*««•*•*#«««»*••*•**#*••*•**•* Clothing •••*•••**•**#•**•»«»#»*#***•«**••* 66 Basketry »••••**«•««••••••»«•«•«•#**»«••••• 60 pottery 31 CHAPTER PAGE The calumet 63 Games 64 Music and dancing •*•••••••••*••••*»«•••»*•»•• 67 III* TI1E CULTURE OF THE KOASATI (1000-1604) 70 The Koasati sites 75 The homes 76 Social organization ••••«*»#«*•*•»••••##*••••• 78 Folitical organization •••*«•*••««•*•**•*••••« 82 Religion 84 Cosmography *.#*•*♦••#•••*♦*•**•**••••*•***«*♦ 88 The life cycle 91 Afterlife *•*«»•«.***** 97 The medicine man *•»•••«*•»••+•»••••••*•*••*«• 97 The economy •**•****••*•***•***•♦•*♦*♦♦••***•* 102 The diet *•«.»«*•••••#«*•• »*•••»«••*••• Ill Clothing 112 Tanning •*«•««••*»•«•«#••«•*»*«•*«•••••••••«•• 114 Basketry and pottery •••»»«**•«••••*••••«*•**« 114 Wood and metal work •«#•*•*••**»•»«•«•#**«••*• 116 The calumet 116 Games *♦*•♦•*•♦*♦#***••.**•**•*••*#*•***••*#•• 118 Dancing and music •••••«*«•••*•*••*•••»•••«••« 119 Language 122 v CFAPIBR WWB THE HSBSKH? KOASATI CO IM JBO T *«•*•*•**»•«••#*** IB S Th© ©©tfeisig ****************«*****«*» IB 1? Population •»»***•» 13S Hasm a msd road pattern *•***»*****«*#***««**«» 134 S o c ia l ******#+**«•«**+*,#-*«****♦♦ 141 Folifeloal QFg&BjL&atlcm 14S Koliglon •#•*.»« e****************************** 140 v" CosEso^rapI^ «*#•«»#•#** wmmnm ******+**+** m Tli® lira o^l« A*************************#*.** 164 Aftorlif© ..... 100 Th© ©oosiQgajy »***##*►*»»»**«*»***»»**»*.♦#**♦*•#* 100 MoaX© sad dlofe ***»*#.#**#*#*.*♦**«#**♦*•******# ITS C lo tliin g Taming# pottery* wood msd nofcol work *#»•**»* 109 Moaa m>rk «»*•*•«••«•««***#»*#*#»*#**#«#•;**»** IBS Goaa© •••#«#•»»#»» #_• •#**» **#«#»* *,*#****#« *• * #»* m Dancing 100 &USio *•*•*•*••**#*+*•* ft»t.i*»i*«**«w«»*.«»«««* 1 0 0 Language ***,»* *#*»»**##*♦*#******«#• **• * # *** * •• 100' v « summit Am cohclosijhs •»t.«»»**«*it4«t»t»«t**« 100 BIBiiQGRkPKX •*•«»***»•,«*•**+••**»«•«****•»*+»*•.«••* BOS AFPEHDIX A* Map© •»••••»••«•«•*•».»*»•»***»*»••»••*»•• B* Sketches oF Kcroaati Informants #»»•»»*•+»* 224 C* Ila&her© oT th© Koasati •»#*##•*#«*#*••*#«» BBS v i LI ST OF KAFS FIGUHE PAGE 1* Location of the Koasati 1540 *«•«*«•«•••••«»•*• 219 2« Mother town of the Koasati 1750 +•»••••**•«•••• 220 5* Koasati of Louisiana •«•»•«»*•••«•**••«•*•••*** 221 4« Koasati community of Louisiana 1955 •»•»••«•••• 222 LIS T OF PHOTOGRAPHS PHOTOGRAPH PAGE. 1* Method of carrying child •••••••»•••»««••»••• 117 2* St* Peterfs Congregational Church **«•»•••••* 126 3* The rice levees *•*•••«•*•»**••••#*•••«*****• 129 4* A rice field before harvest ••*••***•«»»**•** 130 5* Koasati youngsters •••«••»»••*•••••••*•••••** 134 6* The hone of Bel Abbey *••••••••*•#*•»*••*•*•* 137 7* The best road in the Koasati community ••«•«* 139 3* Wooden plank bridge over Bayou Blue •••*••••• 140 9* Earliest graves in the present community •••« 162 10* The grave of Jeff Abbey *••••••••««•••*••*•#• 163 11* Koasati graveyard scene *••*••••*•••♦»•*«**«* 164 12* Graveyard scene showing the burial vault «*•• 163 13* The garden behind the Koasati dwelling 171 14* Manufacture of the twilled plaited basket 173 15* Manufacture of the twilled plaited basket *•• 173 16* The completed twilled plaited basket ••*•*••• 174 17* Youngsters sewing the coiled basket •*••••••• 175 18* The mortar and pestle •*•••••**•*«•*••*••*«•• 130 19* Preparing the stoka *••••»••••••••**••••«*••« 134 20* Preparing the stoka ••*•••«««•••••#••••••*•** 134 21* The Koasati stoka 135 22* The Spanish spinner ••••••••••••«•••+••••*••* 137 23* The Spanish spinner *••••*»*•••«••••••••••••• 2.37 viii ABSTRACT KOASATI CULTURE C1IAEGE This study is concerned with Koasati culture and Koasati culture change* It endeavors to describe and analyze Koasati culture through two centuries of tine - 1750 to the present date » and to point out the changes that have taken place in selected aspects of that culture as a result of Koasati contacts with peoples of alien ways of life* Examined critically throughout the study are the settlement patterns* the house-types* the social and political organization* the religion* the life cycle* the economy* the clothing* the games* the dances* and the language* Historical dociaaents* state histories* maps* and professional anthropologists * reports were consulted to produce an account of the early history of the Koasati and their migrations* Koasati tribesmen and white men and women in th© neighborhood of Elton* Louisiana* were interviewed in the field to obtain information concerning the history of the tribe and of th© present-day ccsmmmity* Chapter 1 chronicles these findings# Because culture change assumes a point of origin from which subsequent changes can be depicted, a construct Is mad© in chapter 2 of the Creek culture of 1750. Thi*- selection
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