INTERNATIONAL STANDARD First edition 1996-l O-01
Information and documentation - Mathematical coded character set for bibliographic information interchange
Information et documentation - Jeu de caract&-es cod& mathgmatiques iTeh STpourA /esN &changesDAR Ddinformations PRE VbibliographiquesIEW (standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 6862:1996 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/dfc1ce59-129a-4cc6-85b3- d492e83bb54b/iso-6862-1996
Reference number IS0 6862: 1996(E) Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be rep- resented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at ileastTe 75h %S Tof theA NmemberDA RbodiesD PcastingRE VIEW a vote. (standards.iteh.ai) International Standard IS0 6862 was prepared by Technical Committee lSO/TC 46, Information and documentation, SubcommitteeISO 68 62:1SC996 4, Com- puter applications in informationh ttpands://s tadocumentation.ndards.iteh.ai/ca talog/standards/sist/dfc1ce59-129a-4cc6-85b3- d492e83bb54b/iso-6862-1996 Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
0 IS0 1996 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 l CH-12 11 Geneve 20 l Swi tzerland Printed in Switzerland ii INTERNATIONAL STANDARD @IS0 IS0 6862:1996(E)
Information and documentation - Mathematical coded character set for bibliographic information interchange
1 Scope 1.3 This International Standard is concerned with the transmission of mathematical characters in biblio- 1.1 This International Standard specifies a set of 188 graphic records, not with their use in source docu- graphic characters with their coded representations. It ments: the descriptions and comments in the legend consists of code tables and a legend showing each are therefore neither prescriptive nor exhaustive. This graphic together with its name or meaning. Explana- means that there is no restriction against the use of a tory notes are also included. particular symbol in interchange of information in the form in which it appears in the data to be transmitted, 1.2 These characters, together with characters in even if its name or meaning as given in this Inter- the international reference version of IS0 646 (IS0 national Standard does not cover its use in that par- escape sequence ESC Z/8 4/O),iT ein hthe SextensionTAN ofD theA RDticular PR context.EVI EW Latin alphabet coded character set for(s tbibliographicandar ds.iteh.ai) information interchange [ISO 5426111 and in the Greek alphabet coded character set for bibliographic infor- ISO 6862:1996 mation interchange [ISO 5428211 constitute a character 2 Normative references set for the international httpexchanges://standa rds.ofite h.bibliographicai/catalog/stan dards/sist/dfc1ce59-129a-4cc6-85b3- records including their annotations, incorporatingd492e83bb5 4b/iso-6862-1996 symbols mainly from the following disciplines: The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of Algebra this International Standard. At the time of publication, Arithmetic the editions indicated were valid. All standards are Calculus subject to revision, and parties to agreements based Cybernetics on this International Standard are encouraged to Geometry investigate the possibility of applying the most recent Hyperbolic functions editions of the standards indicated below. Members Logic of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid Mechanics International Standards. Probability studies Set theory lSO/l EC 2022: 1994, lnforma tion technology - Statistics Character code structure and extension techniques. Topology Trigonometry IS0 2375:1985, Data processing - Procedure for Vectors registration of escape sequences.
1) Escape sequences: GO: ESC 218 5/O Gl : ESC 219 5/O G2: ESC 2/l 0 5/O G3: ESC 2/l 1 5/O 2) Escape sequences: GO: ESC 218 513 Gl : ESC 219 513 G2: ESC 2/l 0 513 G3: ESC 2/l 1 513
1 IS0 6862: 1996(E) @ IS0
3 Implementation 3.2 The implementation of this International Stan- dard is in accordance with the provisions of IS0 2022 3.1 The implementation of this coded character set and is identified by the escape sequences ESC (in in physical media and for transmission, taking into accordance with IS0 2375).3) account the need for error checking, is the subject of other International Standards (see annex A). 3.3 The unassigned positions in the code tables are not to be utilized in the international exchange of bibliographic information.
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai)
ISO 6862:1996 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/dfc1ce59-129a-4cc6-85b3- d492e83bb54b/iso-6862-1996
3) The Registration Authority.
2 @ IS0 IS0 6862: 1996(E)
4 Code tables of mathematical coded characters
The mathematical character set is given in tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 - Basic set GO
0 a n m 6 34 jI b1 n - 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 c n m n m t/t 0 0 I 0 < 3 m m m m 0 0 1i T1 eh STANDARD PREVIEEW 3 V n m m m
0 1 0 0 (standards.iteh.ai) A n m n m u n 0 1 0 1 ISO 6862:1996 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/dfc1ce59-129a-4ccv6-8 5b3-3 m m n d492e83bb54b/iso-6862-1996 0 1 1 0 > < C h m m m m 0 1 1 1 > l- t 1 m m m m 1 0 cl 0 > I m m s 1 0 0 1 1 n n m m m 1 a 1 0 L s m m m JJI 1 0 1 1 V II a m m m m 0 1 1 0 0 /00 Tl h m m n m 1 1 0 1 > u N m m n m 1 1 1 0 n 0 m m n m 1 1 1 1 n m J m n m
3 IS0 6862: 1996(E) @ IS0
Table 2 - Extension of basic set Gl
1
14 ;j 12 311 a I I 3 3' j I II 0 m m
- 3 3 3 1 / \ 0 0 m n m
3 3 1 0 \ oc m m m 0 0 1 1 V A I w - m l l 0 0 1 0 0 n I= m n m 0 1 0 1 iTeh STANDARrD PREVIEW3 D m m (standards.iteh.ai) 0 1 1 0 E 3 m m ISO 6862:1996 0 1 1 1h ttps://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/dfc1ce59-1229 a-4cc/6-”8 5b3-Y m m m d492e83bb54b/iso-6862-1996 1 0 0 0 J m m 1 a 0 1 r m w m 1 0 1 0 m m
1 0 1 1 0 m m m 1 1 0 0 7 m m m m 1 1 0 1 P m m m m 1 1 0 R m m w m ,-.-.-.-.-.-.-a,-.*.-.*.b.g.*, ,a.,*.*.‘.*.m.*.‘.-.*.***a‘.ml 1 7 1 1 ,*.‘.e.*.-.g.*l.*.g.*.-.*, m m m m WM @ IS0 IS0 6862: 1996(E)
5 Legend A legend for tables 1 and 2 is given in table 3. Table 3 - Legend
Position in Graphics Name or meaning Comments Coding table 1
2/l / Negation : oblique Overlay character nego or I
212 I Negation: long bar Overlay character negl or I
213 I Negation: short bar Overlay character negs or I
214 - Negation : horizontal Overlay character negh or -
2/5 0 Circle, overlay Overlay character for ciro integral, etc.
216 cl Circle, anti-clockwise arrow Overlay character for integral ciroa
217 0 iTCircle,eh clockwiseSTA NarrowD ARD PREVOverlayIE characterW for integral ciroc 218 n Anti-clockwise(s taarrownd ards.iteh.ai)Overlay character arroa
219 . Superior dot ISO 6862:1996 Overlay character dots https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/dfc1ce59-129a-4cc6-85b3- 2110 . . Superior doubled4 92dote8 3bb54b/iso-6862-1996 Overlay character ddots
2111 Superior vector left Overlay character arls
2112 Superior hat Overlay character checkas
2113 Superior V Overlay character ckackas
2114 Superior vector right Overlay character arrs
2115 Clockwise arrow Overlay character arroc
3/o x Multiply times or x
3/l -+ Plus or minus plmin
312 ‘L Equivalent to Also: negation, or sim proportional to
313 z Asymptotic to Also: approximately equal to dsim
- 314 - Identical with iden
315 < Less than or equal to It0
316 5 Less than or greater than Iessgrtr IS0 6862: 1996(E) @ IS0
Table 3 (continueu’)
Position in Graphics Name or meaning Comments Coding table 1
317 < Less than or equivalent to lesssim
318 6 Much less than less2
319 II Parallel to See also table 2 5/O: norm of a parr matrix
3110 I- Right angle Also : factorial rang
3111 A Increment incre
3112 0 Degree deg
3113 ( Left angle bracket labrak or <
3114 II Left open bracket lobrak or [
3115 c Sum of sum . iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW 4/o -. Divide Alternative to IS0 646 div or I - (standards.iteh.ai) 4/l + Minus or plus minpl w ISO 6862:1996 412 - Asymptoticallyhttps://standa rds.equaliteh. ai/toc atalog/standards/sist/dfc1ce59-129a-4cc6-85b3- simeq w d492e83bb54b/iso-6862-1996 413 - Similar to congr
414 - Approximately equal to libra
415 2 Greater than or equal to gto
416 z Greater than or less than grtrless
417 > Greater than or equivalent to grtrsim
418 9 Much greater than grtr2
419 -L Orthogonal to Also: bottom element PerP
4110 L Angle aw
4111 V Backward finite difference operator Also: nabla operators nabla
0 4112 /00 Per mille perk
4113 > Angle bracket, right rabrak or >
4114 II Open bracket, right robrak or 1
4115 II Product prod
6 Table 3 (continued)
Position Coding in Graphics Name or meaning Comments table 1
plus or + 5/o + Plus
lhook 5/l c Proper inclusion in set
lkkeq 5/2 c- Identity or inclusion in set Also : identity
mem 5/3 E Set membership
514 u Union of sets between limits cup
inva 515 v For all
516 C Complement longc
arru 517 t Increases; exponent
arrl 518 Left arrow
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW arrac 519 Anti-clockwise(s tandards.iteh.ai) 5110 Mutually implies arrlr ISO 6862:1996 5111 https://sLefttan daarrowrds.i teoverh.ai/ carighttalo garrow/stand ards/sist/dfc1ce59-129a-4cc6-85b3- Irarr d492e83bb54b/iso-6862-1996 5112 Functional relationship bararr
5113 Double arrow, upward darru or A
5114 Is implied by darrl
5115 00 Infinity infin
minus or - 6/O - Minus
rhook 6/l 3 Properly includes in set Also : identical with
612 -3 Contains as subset rh keq
613 3 Contains cant
614 n Intersection of classes or sets hat between limits reve 615 3 There exists
bararc 616 (zr Empty set arrd 617 1 Decreases
618 Approaches arr
7 IS0 6862: 1996(E) @ IS0
Table 3 (continued)
IPncitinn “YIbIVI. in Name or meaning Coding table I Commsnf. 619 Clockwise arrcc
6110 Vertical relationship arrud
6111 Right arrow over left arrow rlarr
6112 Anti-parallel udarr
6113 Double arrow, downward darrd
6114 Implies darr
6115 Radical square root rad
7/o Prime minutes, feet prime or ’
7/l Double prime Also : seconds, inches dprime or
712 Triplei Tprimeeh STANDARD PREVIEW trprime (standards.iteh.ai) 713 Logical or Also : disjunction checkd ISO 6862:1996 714 Logicalhttps:/ /standand ards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/dfc1Alsoce5 9: -conjunction129a-4cc 6-85b3- checku d492e83bb54b/iso-6862-1996 715 Logical not lognot
716 Planck constant planck
717 Implies imply
718 Integral int
719 Double integral dint
7110 Triple integral trint
Partial differentiation Prtl
7112 Planck constant divided by 2 n: plan2pi
Aleph aleph
Composite function Also: small circle cirsm
8 @ IS0 IS0 6862: 1996(E)
Table 3 (continued)
Position in Graphics Name or meaning Comments Coding table 2
2/l 0 Direct sum crplus
212 0- Symmetric difference crmin
213 63 Tensor product Also: Dyadic product, or zrtimes Plethysm operator
214 0. Inner product Used with tensors zrdot
l thrf 215 . . Therefore
. . 216 . Because beta
imbox 217 I Image of
origbox 218 II Original of
219 Image of imline
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW origline 2110 Original of( standards.iteh.ai) I -- herm 2111 I Hermitian conjugate matrix ISO 6862:1996 . Direct sum dirsum 2112 + https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/dfc1ce59-129a-4cc6-85b3- d492e83bb54b/iso-6862-1996 2113 Most positive mpos
homot 2114 + Homothetic
Element precedes under relation el rel 2/15 3
Not equal to nequ 3/o #
2 hasim 3/l . Has an image
accbrale 312 B Open angle bracket, left
313 L Left floor Paired with right floor, 4/3 lfloor . 314 . Triple colon tripcol
Paired with right ceiling, 4/5 lceil 315 r Left ceiling
sqsub 316 -c Square subset . 317 u Least upper bound Used for lattices lub
3/a Long triangle ltril
319 Is dominated by cyrsim