Iso/Iec Jtc 1/Sc 2 N Iso/Iec Jtc 1/Sc 2 N 3495
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Evitalia NORMAS ISO En El Marco De La Complejidad
No. 7 Revitalia NORMAS ISO en el marco de la complejidad ESTEQUIOMETRIA de las relaciones humanas FRACTALIDAD en los sistemas biológicos Dirección postal Calle 82 # 102 - 79 Bogotá - Colombia Revista Revitalia Publicación trimestral Contacto [email protected] Web http://revitalia.biogestion.com.co Volumen 2 / Número 7 / Noviembre-Enero de 2021 ISSN: 2711-4635 Editor líder: Juan Pablo Ramírez Galvis. Consultor en Biogestión, NBIC y Gerencia Ambiental/de la Calidad. Globuss Biogestión [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-1947-5589 Par evaluador: Jhon Eyber Pazos Alonso Experto en nanotecnología, biosensores y caracterización por AFM. Universidad Central / Clúster NBIC [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-5608-1597 Contenido en este número Editorial p. 3 Estequiometría de las relaciones humanas pp. 5-13 Catálogo de las normas ISO en el marco de la complejidad pp. 15-28 Fractalidad en los sistemas biológicos pp. 30-37 Licencia Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 2 Editorial: “En armonía con lo ancestral” Juan Pablo Ramírez Galvis. Consultor en Biogestión, NBIC y Gerencia Ambiental/de la Calidad. [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-1947-5589 La dicotomía entre ciencia y religión proviene de la edad media, en la cual, los aspectos espirituales no podían explicarse desde el método científico, y a su vez, la matematización mecánica del universo era el único argumento que convencía a los investigadores. Sin embargo, más atrás en la línea del tiempo, los egipcios, sumerios, chinos, etc., unificaban las teorías metafísicas con las ciencias básicas para dar cuenta de los fenómenos en todas las escalas desde lo micro hasta lo macro. -
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N 2005 Date: 1999-05-29
ISO INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N 2005 Date: 1999-05-29 TITLE: ISO/IEC 10646-1 Second Edition text, Draft 2 SOURCE: Bruce Paterson, project editor STATUS: Working paper of JTC1/SC2/WG2 ACTION: For review and comment by WG2 DISTRIBUTION: Members of JTC1/SC2/WG2 1. Scope This paper provides a second draft of the text sections of the Second Edition of ISO/IEC 10646-1. It replaces the previous paper WG2 N 1796 (1998-06-01). This draft text includes: - Clauses 1 to 27 (replacing the previous clauses 1 to 26), - Annexes A to R (replacing the previous Annexes A to T), and is attached here as “Draft 2 for ISO/IEC 10646-1 : 1999” (pages ii & 1 to 77). Published and Draft Amendments up to Amd.31 (Tibetan extended), Technical Corrigenda nos. 1, 2, and 3, and editorial corrigenda approved by WG2 up to 1999-03-15, have been applied to the text. The draft does not include: - character glyph tables and name tables (these will be provided in a separate WG2 document from AFII), - the alphabetically sorted list of character names in Annex E (now Annex G), - markings to show the differences from the previous draft. A separate WG2 paper will give the editorial corrigenda applied to this text since N 1796. The editorial corrigenda are as agreed at WG2 meetings #34 to #36. Editorial corrigenda applicable to the character glyph tables and name tables, as listed in N1796 pages 2 to 5, have already been applied to the draft character tables prepared by AFII. -
Janusz S. Bień Kodowanie Tekstów Polskich W Systemach Komputerowych
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Biblioteka Cyfrowa KLF UW (Digital Library of the Formal... Multimedia w nauczaniu jêzyka rodzimego jako obcego Janusz S. Bieñ Kodowanie tekstów polskich w systemach komputerowych 1. Wstęp W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono podstawowe pojęcia kodowania tekstów oraz omówiono wszystkie aktualnie obowiązujące polskie normy dotyczące tej problematyki, a także najważniejsze standardy międzynaro- dowe. 2. Podstawowe pojęcia kodowania tekstów 2.1. Klasyfikacja tekstów Pojęcie tekstu traktujemy jako pierwotne, którego nie będziemy tutaj definiować, wyróżnimy natomiast dwa podstawowe typy tekstów: „teksty fizyczne” i „teksty elektroniczne”. Za charakterystyczną cechę tekstów elek- tronicznych uznajemy fakt, że nie zmieniają one swojej tożsamości przy zmianie ich nośnika fizycznego: ten sam tekst elektroniczny może być zapi- sany na dyskietce, twardym dysku komputera lub na płycie CD-ROM i mimo to pozostaje tym samym tekstem. Tymczasem w przypadku tekstów fizycz- nych każde skopiowanie, bez względu na zastosowaną technikę, wprowadza mniejsze lub większe zmiany i zniekształcenia – w rezultacie po wielo- krotnym kopiowaniu tekst może np. znacznie zmniejszyć swoją czytelność. Teksty fizyczne dzielimy m.in. na: — teksty mówione, — teksty pisane ręcznie, — teksty drukowane. 4 POSTSCRIPTUM 27-29 Do wykazu tego można dołączyć teksty gestykulowane, stosowane przez głuchoniemych. Zasadniczym jednak powodem przedstawienia tego podziału jest podkreślenie istotnej różnicy między tekstami pisanymi ręcznie a tekstami drukowanymi – co widać wyraźnie np. przy wprowa- dzaniu tekstu do komputera za pomocą optycznego rozpoznawania zna- ków (ang. Optical Character Recognition, OCR); są one przez wielu lingwistów zbyt pochopnie traktowane łącznie jako jednorodna klasa tekstów pisanych. Niektóre teksty elektroniczne są po prostu mniej lub bardziej wiernym zapisem pewnych tekstów fizycznych – możemy mówić wtedy o tekście pierwotnym (fizycznym) i wtórnym (elektronicznym). -
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3 N 495 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3 7-Bit and 8-Bit Codes and Their Extension SECRETARIAT : ELOT Draft Meeting
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3 N 495 Date : 2000-06-26 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3 7-bit and 8-bit codes and their extension SECRETARIAT : ELOT DOC TYPE : Draft Meeting agenda Draft Agenda for the 16th Meeting of TITLE : ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3, Athens, (GR), hosted by ELOT, from 18 September 2000 till 19 September 2000 SOURCE : E.Melagrakis, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3 Convenor PROJECT: -- STATUS : Draft ACTION ID : ACT DUE DATE : DISTRIBUTION : WG 3 Members and Liaison Organizations MEDIUM : P, Open NO OF PAGES : 6 Contact 1: Secretariat ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3 ELOT Mrs K.Velli (acting) Acharnon 313, 111 45 Kato Patissia, ATHENS – GREECE Tel: +30 1 21 20 307 Fax : +30 1 22 86 219 E-mail : [email protected] Contact 2 : Convenor ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3 Mr E.Melagrakis Acharnon 313, 111 45 Kato Patissia, ATHENS – GREECE Tel: +30 1 21 20 301 Fax : +30 1 22 86 219 E-mail: [email protected] ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3 N 495 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 3 MEETING AGENDA 1. Opening of the meeting 2. Roll call of delegates 3. Adoption of the agenda 4. Approval of the minutes of meeting # 15 5. Follow up of previous Resolutions 5.1 Reconfirmation of ISO 2033 (for Information only – WG3 resolution M15.5) 5.2 Response to report on ETSI meeting (for Information only - WG3 resolution M15.6) 5.3 Status of the ISO/TC46/SC4 Character Set Projects, SC2 N 3356, N 3434, N 3439, N 3440, 5.4 Transfer of ISO 1073.2 to SC31, SC2 N 3433 6. -
Iso/Iec Jtc 1/Sc 2 N 4355
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 N 4355 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 Coded character sets Secretariat: JISC (Japan) Document type: Secretariat Report Title: Secretariat Report to the 19th Plenary Meeting of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2014-09-30, 10-03 Status: This document is circulated to the SC 2 members for information at the 19th Plenary Meeting to be held in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Date of document: 2014-09-08 Source: SC 2 Secretariat Expected action: INFO No. of pages: 8 Email of secretary: [email protected] Committee URL: http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/open/jtc1sc2 Secretariat Report to the 19th Plenary Meeting of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2014-09-30, 10-03 Part I: Administration 1. Title Coded Character Sets 2. Scope Standardization of graphic character sets and their characteristics, including string ordering, associated control functions, their coded representation for information interchange and code extension techniques. Excluded: audio and picture coding. 3. Chairman and Secretariat Chairman: Prof. Yoshiki MIKAMI (re-appointed at the 2013 JTC 1 Perros-Guirec Plenary Meeting) Secretariat: JISC - Japan Attn.: Ayuko Nagasawa, IPSJ/ITSCJ 308-3, Kikai Shinko Kaikan Bldg. 3-5-8, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0011 JAPAN TEL: +81 3 3431 2808/ FAX: +81 3 3431 6493 E-mail: [email protected] 4. Membership 4.1. P - Members (28) Austria (ASI); Canada (SCC); China (SAC); Egypt (EOS); Finland (SFS); France (AFNOR); Germany (DIN); Greece(ELOT); Hungary (MSZT); Iceland (IST); India (BIS); Indonesia (BSN); Ireland (NSAI); Japan (JISC); Korea, Democratic People's Republic (CSK); Korea, Republic of (KATS) ; Lithuania (LST); Mongolia (MASM); Norway (SN); Poland (PKN); Russian Federation (GOST R); Serbia (ISS) ; Sri Lanka (SLSI) ;Thailand (TISI); Tunisia (INNORPI); USA (ANSI) ; Ukraine (DSSU); United Kingdom (BSI) P-member NB added since the 18th plenary: none, removed: Romania (ASRO); Sweden (SIS) 4.2. -
International Character Code Standard for the BE2
°, , CMU-ITC-87-091 International Character Code Standard for the BE2 June 18, 1987 Tomas Centerlind Information Technology Center (ITC) Camegie Mellon University 1. Major problems with foreign languages All European languages have a set of unique characters, even Great Britain with their Pound sign. Most of these characters are static and do not change if they are in the end or in the middle of the word. The Greek sigma sign however is an example of a character that changes look depending on the position. If we move on to the non-Roman alphabets like Arabic, they have a more complex structure. A basic rule is that certain of the characters are written together if they follow each other but not otherwise. This complicates representation and requires look ahead. In addition to this many of the languages have leftwards or downwards writing. All together these properties makes it very difficult to integrate them with Roman languages. Lots of guidelines have to be established to solve these problems, and before any coding can be done a set of standards must be selected or defined. In this paper I intend to gather all that I can think of that must be considered before selecting standards. Only the basic level of the implementation will be designed, so therefore routines that for example display complex languages like Arabic must be written by the user. A basic method that dislpays Roman script correctly will be supported. 1. Standards 1.1 Existing standards Following is a list of currently existing and used standards. 1.1.1 ASCII, ISO646 The ASCII standard, that is in use ahnost anywhere, will probably have to rcmain as a basic part of the system, and without any doubt it must be possible to read and write ASCII coded documents in the foreseeable future. -
Proach to Learning German and Mandarin Chinese Alexa
Difficulties in Learning Western and Oriental Languages: A Comparative Ap- proach to Learning German and Mandarin Chinese Alexandra Mechsheryakova Internship Report Master in Intercultural Studies for Business Esta versão contém as críticas e sugestões dos elementos do júri SEPTEMBER – 2018 Difficulties in Learning Western and Oriental Languages: A Comparative Ap- proach to Learning German and Mandarin Chinese Alexandra Mechsheryakova Internship Report Presented to the Porto Accounting and Business School (ISCAP) to obtain a Master’s degree in Intercultural Studies for Business, under the supervision of Professors Yu Yong, and Clara Sarmento, Ph.D. Abstract The following internship report aims to analyse and compare the learning difficulties underlying western and oriental languages. In this case, the first group of languages is represented by German, whereas the second group is represented by Mandarin Chinese. Regarding the report structure, it is organized in six parts. Firstly, in the introduction section, a brief contextualization of the research topic is made and the research method- ologies are defined. Secondly, in the second chapter, some general theoretical back- ground on foreign language learning, the general difficulties related to it and the role of the language teacher are given. After that, in the third chapter, a detailed characteriza- tion of the studied languages is made. Finished the theoretical part, in the fourth chapter, all the practical work performed during the internship as a language teacher is described. Further, in the fifth chapter, the results concerning the learning difficulties are presented. As last part, in the conclusion section, a summing up of the main ideas and findings is made. -
International Register of Coded Character Sets to Be Used with Escape Sequences for Information Interchange in Data Processing
INTERNATIONAL REGISTER OF CODED CHARACTER SETS TO BE USED WITH ESCAPE SEQUENCES 1 Introduction 1.1 General This document is the ISO International Register of Coded Character Sets To Be Used With Escape Sequences for information interchange in data processing. It is compiled in accordance with the provisions of ISO/IEC 2022, "Code Extension Technique" and of ISO 2375 "Procedure for Registration of Escape Sequences". This International Register contains coded character sets which have been registered in accordance with procedures given in ISO 2375. Its purpose is to identify widely used coded character sets and associate with each a unique escape sequence by means of which it can be designated according to ISO/IEC 2022 and ISO/IEC 4873. The publication of this International Register should promote compatibility in international information interchange and avoid duplication of effort in developing application-oriented coded character sets. Registration provides an identification for a coded character set but implies nothing about its status; it may or may not be part of a standard of an international, national or a corporate body. However, if such a standard is published subsequently to the registration, it would be appropriate for the escape sequence identifying the character set to be specified in the standard. If it is desired to register a set, application should be made to the Registration Authority through an appropriate Sponsoring Authority as specified in ISO 2375. Any character set can be a candidate for registration if it meets the requirements of ISO 2375. The Registration Authority ascertains that the proposals received are formally in accordance with this International Standard, technically in accordance with ISO/IEC 2022, and, where applicable, with ISO/IEC 646 and ISO/IEC 4873, and meet the presentation practice of the Registration Authority. -
International Standard 6438
International Standard 6438 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR SfANDARDIZATION*ME~YHAPO~HAR OPTAHH3AlWlR fl0 CTAH&APTH3ALW@ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION Documentation - African coded Character set for bibliographic information interchange Documen tation - Jeu de caractkes africains Codes pour lechange d’informations bibliographiques First edition - 1983-08-01iT eh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai) ISO 6438:1983 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/4456244e-4009-4f0f-8544- b43cc10faba4/iso-6438-1983 UDC 003.035 : 003.339 Ref. No. ISO 64384983 (E) Descriptors : documentation, Character Sets, coded Character Sets, information interchange. Price based on 6 pages Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bedies). The work of developing International Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been authorized has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. International Standard ISO 6438 was developediTeh byS TTechnicalAN DCommitteeAR DISO/TC P R46,E VIEW Documentation, and was circulated to the member( sbodiesta nind Junear d1982.s .iteh.ai) lt has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries : ISO 6438:1983 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/4456244e-4009-4f0f-8544- Australia India South Africa, Rep. Austria Italy b43cc10Spainfaba 4/iso-6438-1983 Canada Japan Sweden Czechoslovakia Netherlands United Kingdom Egypt, Arab Rep. -
Kodowanie Tekstów Polskich W Systemach Komputerowych∗
Kodowanie tekstów polskich w systemach komputerowych∗ Janusz S. Bień† 4 stycznia 1999‡ 1 Wstęp W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono podstawowe pojęcia kodowania tek- stów oraz omówiono wszystkie aktualnie obowiązujące polskie normy doty- czące tej problematyki, a także najważniejsze standardy międzynarodowe. 2 Podstawowe pojęcia kodowania tekstów 2.1 Klasyfikacja tekstów Pojęcie tekstu traktujemy jako pierwotne, którego nie będziemy tutaj defi- niować, wyróżnimy natomiast dwa podstawowe typy tekstów: teksty fizyczne i teksty elektroniczne. Za charakterystyczną cechę tekstów elektronicznych ∗Referat wygłoszony na konferencji Multimedia w nauczaniu języka rodzime- go jako obcego (Szkoła Języka i Kultury Polskiej, Uniwersytet Śląski, Katowi- ce, 7-8 grudnia 1998) i opublikowany z niewielkimi skrótami w kwartalniku Post- sciptum nr 27–29 (jesień 1998 — wiosna 1999), s. 4-27 (ISSN 1427–0501). Za zgo- dą organizatorów i redakcji niniejszy pełny tekst referatu był dostępny pod adresem ftp://ftp.mimuw.edu.pl/pub/polszczyzna/ogonki/katow98.*, obecnie jest dostępny pod adresem http://www.mimuw.edu.pl/~jsbien/publ/Kodtp98/. †Dr hab. J. S. Bień, prof. UW jest pracownikiem Katedry Lingwistyki Formalnej Uni- wersytetu Warszawskiego. W latach 1998-2003 był kierownikiem Zakładu Zastosowań In- formatycznych Instytutu Orientalistycznego Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. W Instytucie Informatyki UW, w którym pracował do czerwca 1998 r., prowadził m.in. wykłady mono- graficzne pt. Wybrane standardy przetwarzania tekstu. W latach 1992–1993 był członkiem Normalizacyjnej Komisji Problemowej ds. Informatyki, w latach 1997-1999 Normaliza- cyjnej Komisji Problemowej nr 242 ds. Informacji i Dokumentacji, a w latach 1999-2001 Normalizacyjnej Komisji Problemowej nr 170 ds. Terminologii Informatycznej i Kodowania Informacji Polskiego Komitetu Normalizacyjnego. Adres elektroniczny: [email protected] (lub [email protected]). -
Network Working Group D. Spinellis Request for Comments: 1947 SENA S.A
Network Working Group D. Spinellis Request for Comments: 1947 SENA S.A. Category: Informational May 1996 Greek Character Encoding for Electronic Mail Messages Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Overview and Rational This document describes a standard encoding for electronic mail [RFC822] containing Greek text and provides implementation guide- lines. The standard is based on MIME [RFC1521] and the ISO 8859-7 character encoding. Although the implementation of this standard is straightforward several non-standard but "functional" - though unlikely to inter-operate - alternatives are in common use. For this reason we highlight common implementation and mail user agent setup errors. Description In order to transfer Greek text via electronic mail the text is first translated into the ISO 8859-7 character set, and then encoded using either the Base64 (preferable for text that is mainly Greek) or the Quoted-Printable (justifiable in cases where some Greek words appear inside predominately Latin text) method, as defined in MIME. The following table provides most common Greek encodings (see also [RFC1345]): 0646 37 M7 51 MC 23 69 LG L1 G7 GO GC 28 97 Description ---- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ----------- 0386 ea a2 86 cd 71 86 b6 Capital alpha with acute 0388 eb b8 8d ce 72 8d b8 Capital epsilon with acute 0389 ec b9 8f d7 73 8f b9 Capital eta with acute 038a ed ba 90 d8 75 90 ba Capital iota -
The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0, Issued by the Unicode Consor- Tium and Published by Addison-Wesley
The Unicode Standard Version 3.0 The Unicode Consortium ADDISON–WESLEY An Imprint of Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Reading, Massachusetts · Harlow, England · Menlo Park, California Berkeley, California · Don Mills, Ontario · Sydney Bonn · Amsterdam · Tokyo · Mexico City Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and Addison-Wesley was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial capital letters. However, not all words in initial capital letters are trademark designations. The authors and publisher have taken care in preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. The Unicode Character Database and other files are provided as-is by Unicode®, Inc. No claims are made as to fitness for any particular purpose. No warranties of any kind are expressed or implied. The recipient agrees to determine applicability of information provided. If these files have been purchased on computer-readable media, the sole remedy for any claim will be exchange of defective media within ninety days of receipt. Dai Kan-Wa Jiten used as the source of reference Kanji codes was written by Tetsuji Morohashi and published by Taishukan Shoten. ISBN 0-201-61633-5 Copyright © 1991-2000 by Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or other- wise, without the prior written permission of the publisher or Unicode, Inc.