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Evitalia NORMAS ISO En El Marco De La Complejidad
No. 7 Revitalia NORMAS ISO en el marco de la complejidad ESTEQUIOMETRIA de las relaciones humanas FRACTALIDAD en los sistemas biológicos Dirección postal Calle 82 # 102 - 79 Bogotá - Colombia Revista Revitalia Publicación trimestral Contacto [email protected] Web http://revitalia.biogestion.com.co Volumen 2 / Número 7 / Noviembre-Enero de 2021 ISSN: 2711-4635 Editor líder: Juan Pablo Ramírez Galvis. Consultor en Biogestión, NBIC y Gerencia Ambiental/de la Calidad. Globuss Biogestión [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-1947-5589 Par evaluador: Jhon Eyber Pazos Alonso Experto en nanotecnología, biosensores y caracterización por AFM. Universidad Central / Clúster NBIC [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-5608-1597 Contenido en este número Editorial p. 3 Estequiometría de las relaciones humanas pp. 5-13 Catálogo de las normas ISO en el marco de la complejidad pp. 15-28 Fractalidad en los sistemas biológicos pp. 30-37 Licencia Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 2 Editorial: “En armonía con lo ancestral” Juan Pablo Ramírez Galvis. Consultor en Biogestión, NBIC y Gerencia Ambiental/de la Calidad. [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-1947-5589 La dicotomía entre ciencia y religión proviene de la edad media, en la cual, los aspectos espirituales no podían explicarse desde el método científico, y a su vez, la matematización mecánica del universo era el único argumento que convencía a los investigadores. Sin embargo, más atrás en la línea del tiempo, los egipcios, sumerios, chinos, etc., unificaban las teorías metafísicas con las ciencias básicas para dar cuenta de los fenómenos en todas las escalas desde lo micro hasta lo macro. -
IGP® / VGL Emulation Code V™ Graphics Language Programmer's Reference Manual Line Matrix Series Printers
IGP® / VGL Emulation Code V™ Graphics Language Programmer’s Reference Manual Line Matrix Series Printers Trademark Acknowledgements IBM and IBM PC are registered trademarks of the International Business Machines Corp. HP and PCL are registered trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company. IGP, LinePrinter Plus, PSA, and Printronix are registered trademarks of Printronix, LLC. QMS is a registered trademark and Code V is a trademark of Quality Micro Systems, Inc. CSA is a registered certification mark of the Canadian Standards Association. TUV is a registered certification mark of TUV Rheinland of North America, Inc. UL is a registered certification mark of Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. This product uses Intellifont Scalable typefaces and Intellifont technology. Intellifont is a registered trademark of Agfa Division, Miles Incorporated (Agfa). CG Triumvirate are trademarks of Agfa Division, Miles Incorporated (Agfa). CG Times, based on Times New Roman under license from The Monotype Corporation Plc is a product of Agfa. Printronix, LLC. makes no representations or warranties of any kind regarding this material, including, but not limited to, implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Printronix, LLC. shall not be held responsible for errors contained herein or any omissions from this material or for any damages, whether direct, indirect, incidental or consequential, in connection with the furnishing, distribution, performance or use of this material. The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright. No part of this document may be reproduced, copied, translated or incorporated in any other material in any form or by any means, whether manual, graphic, electronic, mechanical or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Printronix, LLC. -
IS0 9036 : 1987 (E) This Is a Preview - Click Here to Buy the Full Publication
This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication IS0 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 9036 First edition 1987-04-H INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION MEXflYHAPOflHAFl OPI-AHM3AuMR l-l0 CTAHJJAPTM3A~MM Information processing - Arabic 7-bit coded character set for information interchange Jeu de caractkres arabes cod& A 7 Mments pour Ochange d/information Reference number IS0 9036 : 1987 (E) This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the IS0 Council. They are approved in accordance with IS0 procedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting. International Standard IS0 9636 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 97, Information processing systems. Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time to time and that any reference made herein to any other International Standard implies its latest edition, unless otherwise stated. 0 International Organization for Standardization, 1987 Printed in Switzerland This is a preview - click here to buy the full publication IS0 9036: 1987 (El Contents Page 1 Scope and field of application ........................................ -
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N 2005 Date: 1999-05-29
ISO INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N 2005 Date: 1999-05-29 TITLE: ISO/IEC 10646-1 Second Edition text, Draft 2 SOURCE: Bruce Paterson, project editor STATUS: Working paper of JTC1/SC2/WG2 ACTION: For review and comment by WG2 DISTRIBUTION: Members of JTC1/SC2/WG2 1. Scope This paper provides a second draft of the text sections of the Second Edition of ISO/IEC 10646-1. It replaces the previous paper WG2 N 1796 (1998-06-01). This draft text includes: - Clauses 1 to 27 (replacing the previous clauses 1 to 26), - Annexes A to R (replacing the previous Annexes A to T), and is attached here as “Draft 2 for ISO/IEC 10646-1 : 1999” (pages ii & 1 to 77). Published and Draft Amendments up to Amd.31 (Tibetan extended), Technical Corrigenda nos. 1, 2, and 3, and editorial corrigenda approved by WG2 up to 1999-03-15, have been applied to the text. The draft does not include: - character glyph tables and name tables (these will be provided in a separate WG2 document from AFII), - the alphabetically sorted list of character names in Annex E (now Annex G), - markings to show the differences from the previous draft. A separate WG2 paper will give the editorial corrigenda applied to this text since N 1796. The editorial corrigenda are as agreed at WG2 meetings #34 to #36. Editorial corrigenda applicable to the character glyph tables and name tables, as listed in N1796 pages 2 to 5, have already been applied to the draft character tables prepared by AFII. -
A Framework for Intensive R Developing Cross-Br E Arabic Web Applicati Rowser Data Ions
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261111986 A framework for developing cross-browser data intensive Arabic Web applications Conference Paper · October 2012 DOI: 10.1109/ICCTA.2012.6523547 CITATION READS 1 17 3 authors: Mahmoud Youssef Nourhan Hamdi George Washington University Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport 12 PUBLICATIONS 72 CITATIONS 3 PUBLICATIONS 4 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Salma Rayan University of Strathclyde 2 PUBLICATIONS 2 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Enhancing location privacy View project All content following this page was uploaded by Salma Rayan on 20 June 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. A Framework for Developing Cross-Browser Data Intensive Arabic Web Applications Mahmoud Youssef, Nourhan Hamdi, and Salma Rayan Business Information Systems Department Arab Academy for Science, Technology, and Maritime Transport Alexandria, Egypt [email protected], [email protected], and [email protected] Abstract— the frequent encounter of incorrectly functioning The impact of properly functioning Arabic data-intensive Arabic Websites, especially those of large businesses and Websites can be seen on different fronts. From a societal governments calls for a clear and applied framework to help perspective, it enables the spread of e-commerce and e- practitioners develop properly functioning Websites. The issue of government applications in the Arab world with their Website internationalization has been addressed in a plethora of associated benefits. Moreover, it enhances the trust in the standards, guideline, good practices, and tutorials. -
Janusz S. Bień Kodowanie Tekstów Polskich W Systemach Komputerowych
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Biblioteka Cyfrowa KLF UW (Digital Library of the Formal... Multimedia w nauczaniu jêzyka rodzimego jako obcego Janusz S. Bieñ Kodowanie tekstów polskich w systemach komputerowych 1. Wstęp W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono podstawowe pojęcia kodowania tekstów oraz omówiono wszystkie aktualnie obowiązujące polskie normy dotyczące tej problematyki, a także najważniejsze standardy międzynaro- dowe. 2. Podstawowe pojęcia kodowania tekstów 2.1. Klasyfikacja tekstów Pojęcie tekstu traktujemy jako pierwotne, którego nie będziemy tutaj definiować, wyróżnimy natomiast dwa podstawowe typy tekstów: „teksty fizyczne” i „teksty elektroniczne”. Za charakterystyczną cechę tekstów elek- tronicznych uznajemy fakt, że nie zmieniają one swojej tożsamości przy zmianie ich nośnika fizycznego: ten sam tekst elektroniczny może być zapi- sany na dyskietce, twardym dysku komputera lub na płycie CD-ROM i mimo to pozostaje tym samym tekstem. Tymczasem w przypadku tekstów fizycz- nych każde skopiowanie, bez względu na zastosowaną technikę, wprowadza mniejsze lub większe zmiany i zniekształcenia – w rezultacie po wielo- krotnym kopiowaniu tekst może np. znacznie zmniejszyć swoją czytelność. Teksty fizyczne dzielimy m.in. na: — teksty mówione, — teksty pisane ręcznie, — teksty drukowane. 4 POSTSCRIPTUM 27-29 Do wykazu tego można dołączyć teksty gestykulowane, stosowane przez głuchoniemych. Zasadniczym jednak powodem przedstawienia tego podziału jest podkreślenie istotnej różnicy między tekstami pisanymi ręcznie a tekstami drukowanymi – co widać wyraźnie np. przy wprowa- dzaniu tekstu do komputera za pomocą optycznego rozpoznawania zna- ków (ang. Optical Character Recognition, OCR); są one przez wielu lingwistów zbyt pochopnie traktowane łącznie jako jednorodna klasa tekstów pisanych. Niektóre teksty elektroniczne są po prostu mniej lub bardziej wiernym zapisem pewnych tekstów fizycznych – możemy mówić wtedy o tekście pierwotnym (fizycznym) i wtórnym (elektronicznym). -
Le Codage Informatique De L'écriture Arabe : D'asmo 449 À Unicode Et
Le codage informatique de l’écriture arabe : d’ASMO 449 à Unicode et ISO/CEI 10646 Rachid Zghibi Département documentation Université Paris 8 Maison des Sciences de l’Homme Paris Nord 4, rue de la Croix Faron, Plaine Saint-Denis F-93210 Saint-Denis [email protected] RÉSUMÉ. Le traitement de l’écriture arabe par le standard Unicode et la norme ISO/CEI 10646 constitue l’objet de cet article. Nous présentons d’abord les principaux problèmes liés au codage informatique de l’écriture arabe, puis nous montrons comment Unicode résout ces problèmes. ABSTRACT. The present paper deals with the treatment of arabic script by the Unicode and ISO/CEI 10646. First, we shall outline the principal problems related to the encoding of arabic script. Then we shall show how Unicode resolves this problems. MOTS-CLÉS : écriture arabe, Unicode, ISO/CEI 10646, codage. KEYWORDS: arabic script, Unicode, ISO/CEI 10646, encoding. Document numérique. Volume 6 – n° 3-4/2002, pages 155 à 182 Cet article des Editions Lavoisier est disponible en acces libre et gratuit sur dn.revuesonline.com 156 DN – 6/2002. Unicode, écriture du monde ? 1. Écriture arabe 1.1.Origine L’arabe fait partie des langues chamito-sémitique et plus précisément, à l’intérieur de cet ensemble, du groupe des langues sémitiques. Ce groupe se divise en sémitique oriental (avec l’akkadien), sémitique occidental ou du nord (cananéen, phénicien, hébreu, araméen) et sémitique méridional. L’arabe relève de ce dernier groupe avec l’éthiopien et le sud-arabique. À la différence d’autres nations, comme les anciens égyptiens, les babyloniens et les chinois dont les systèmes d’écriture remontent à des milliers d’années, l’écriture arabe n’est apparue qu’au VIe siècle. -
Toth 2017.Pdf
Terminologie & Ontologie : Théories et Applications Actes de la conférence TOTh 2017 Chambéry – 8 & 9 juin 2017 Publications précédentes TOTh 2007 Actes de la première conférence TOTh - Annecy - er1 juin 2007 TOTh 2008 Actes de la deuxième conférence TOTh - Annecy – 5 et 6 juin 2008 TOTh 2009 Actes de la troisième conférence TOTh - Annecy – 4 et 5 juin 2009 TOTh 2010 Actes de la quatrième conférence TOTh - Annecy – 3 et 4 juin 2010 TOTh 2011 Actes de la cinquième conférence TOTh - Annecy – 24 et 25 mai 2011 TOTh 2012 Actes de la première conférence TOTh - Chambéry – 7 et 8 juin 20012 TOTh 2013 Actes de la deuxième conférence TOTh - Chambéry – 6 et 7 juin 2013 TOTh 2014 Actes de la troisième conférence TOTh - Chambéry – 12 et 13 juin 2014 TOTh 2015 Actes de la quatrième conférence TOTh - Chambéry – 2 et 3 juin 2015 TOTh 2016 Actes de la cinquième conférence TOTh - Chambéry – 9 et 10 juin 2016 Pour les ouvrages publiés ci-dessus, commandes à adresser à : [email protected] Éditeur : Université Savoie Mont Blanc 27 rue Marcoz BP 1104 73011 CHAMBÉRY CEDEX www.univ-smb.fr Réalisation : S. Carvalho & C. Brun Collection « Terminologica » ISBN : 978-2-919732-80-7 ISSN : en cours Dépôt légal : janvier 2018 Terminologie & Ontologie : Théories et Applications Actes de la conférence TOTh 2017 Chambéry – 8 & 9 juin 2017 http://toth.condillac.org avec le soutien de : Université Savoie Mont Blanc Association Européenne de Terminologie École d’ingénieurs Polytech Annecy Chambéry Université Savoie Mont Blanc Collection « Terminologica » Comité scientifique Président du Comité scientifique : Christophe Roche Comité de pilotage Rute Costa Universidade Nova de Lisboa Humbley John Université Paris 7 Kockaert Hendrik University of Leuven Christophe Roche Université Savoie Mont Blanc Comité de programme 2017 Le comité de programme est constitué chaque année à partir du comité scientifique de TOTh en fonction des soumissions reçues. -
Technical Advisory Group on Machine Readable Travel Documents (Tag/Mrtd) Twentieth Meeting
TAG/MRTD/20-WP/17 6/09/11 English Only International Civil Aviation Organization WORKING PAPER TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP ON MACHINE READABLE TRAVEL DOCUMENTS (TAG/MRTD) TWENTIETH MEETING Montréal, 7 to 9 September 2011 Agenda Item 2: Activities of the NTWG Agenda Item 2.9: Transliteration Rules (Arabic) TRANSLITERATION RULES (ARABIC) (Presented by the NTWG) 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 The purpose of the working paper is to inform the TAG of the progress made on the recommended transliteration of Arabic national characters for Doc Doc 9303, Machine Readable Travel Documents , Part 1 — Machine Readable Passports , Volume1, Section IV, Appendix 9. These recommended transliterations apply to the MRZ only. 2. BACKGROUND 2.1 Transliteration of Arabic characters applies mainly to the name of the holder of the MRTD, and is critical for determining the true identity of the holder. At present, Arabic names are transcribed (phonetically) to Latin characters on an ad-hoc basis and this compromises identity management. 2.2 The only true and reliable source of identification is the original form of the name in Arabic characters. Thus, any transliteration scheme must preserve the original form of the name. 2.3 It would be advantageous to countries using the Arabic script if encoding the name in the MRZ led to machine reading producing the original form of the name in Arabic. This would allow these countries to gain the benefit of machine reading without having to deal with an intermediate form of the name as an inaccurate Latin transcription. 2.4 There is no known existing transliteration scheme for Arabic script that is suitable for the MRZ. -
ALM : Arabic Language Module
ALM : Arabic Language Module Product Presentation by Franck Portaneri [email protected] ALM What is ALM ? IRIX Arabic Interface support for : Open for Third Party Applications : − TTY − Immediat for TTY − GUI X11/Motif − Easy for Pure X11/Motif − Printing − Complex for GIS or DTP Technical Aspects IRIX Arabic supplement for : Future and Evolution : − Indigo Magic Desktop − IRIX 6.2 − MediaMail − O2 and IRIX 6.3 / 6.4 − Web − Internet ALM TTY : Character based Interface For Old Server applications Cheaper than Arabic Terminals Run under xterm and winterm Full Transparency ALM GUI: X Window Interface X11R5 / X11R6 Motif 1.2.4 − RTL Text Widget − Cut’n paste − Drag’n drop Basic X font set Transparency with Resource configuration ALM Printing support Basic Line printer set: − HP laserjet − HP deskjet − IBM proprinter − Epson LQ − Fujitsu DL Postscript : − aa2ps − amp ALM Indigo Magic Desktop Localization of IRIX tools − Toolchest − File Manager − Window Manager − MoviePlayer − AudioPlayer − Ieditor − Bitmap − xfontsel − mouse − ... Done by Resource file customization : /usr/lib/X11/ar/app−defaults/* ALM Media Mail : Z−Mail Full Localization of menus Arabic Mail exchange with other ALM users (in ISO 8859−6) Mime compliant "quoted printable" encoding Printing support ALM WWW support AraMosaic Web browser: − X Mosaic enhancement − ISO 8859−6 HTML (same as MAC encoding) − Postscript Printing − Cut’n Paste with ALM − Internet and Intranet Limitations: − No java − No Frames −... ALM WWW support Netscape 2.x and up − ISO 8859−6 HTML Page browsing − RTL with HTML markup − Java and Javascript − Frames − Animated Gifs Limitations − No Cut’n Paste − Pseudo RTL aligment − No Printing support ALM Third Party Applications Immediat for TTY Applications (Like with Arabic Terminals) Easy for X11/Motif Applications with resource file configuration −−> Text editing job Exemple: − MediaMail − Oracle Forms and Report − Oracle Forms Designer.. -
City Research Online
City Research Online City, University of London Institutional Repository Citation: Ali, S.A.H. (1995). The impact of computer technology on accounting and auditing in the Middle East with special emphasis on Arabisation, transfer of technology and training. (Unpublished Doctoral thesis, City University London) This is the accepted version of the paper. This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/7737/ Link to published version: Copyright: City Research Online aims to make research outputs of City, University of London available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the author(s) and/or copyright holders. URLs from City Research Online may be freely distributed and linked to. Reuse: Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. City Research Online: http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/ [email protected] CITY University BUSINESS SCHOOL The Impact of Computer Technology on Accounting and Auditing in the Middle East with Special Emphasis on Arabisation, Transfer of Technology and Training Sami Abbas Hussain Ali lq016 A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy VOLUME I CONTENTS Page List of Figures 5 List of Tables 6-11 Acknowledgments -
Control Characters in ASCII and Unicode
Control characters in ASCII and Unicode Tens of odd control characters appear in ASCII charts. The same characters have found their way to Unicode as well. CR, LF, ESC, CAN... what are all these codes for? Should I care about them? This is an in-depth look into control characters in ASCII and its descendants, including Unicode, ANSI and ISO standards. When ASCII first appeared in the 1960s, control characters were an essential part of the new character set. Since then, many new character sets and standards have been published. Computing is not the same either. What happened to the control characters? Are they still used and if yes, for what? This article looks back at the history of character sets while keeping an eye on modern use. The information is based on a number of standards released by ANSI, ISO, ECMA and The Unicode Consortium, as well as industry practice. In many cases, the standards define one use for a character, but common practice is different. Some characters are used contrary to the standards. In addition, certain characters were originally defined in an ambiguous or loose way, which has resulted in confusion in their use. Contents Groups of control characters Control characters in standards o ASCII control characters o C1 control characters o ISO 8859 special characters NBSP and SHY o Control characters in Unicode Control characters in modern applications Character list o ASCII o C1 o ISO 8859 Categories Translations Character index Sources This article starts by looking at the history of control characters in standards. We then move to modern times.