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East Asian Affairs Document3 5/3/05 12:42 PM Page 2 Stanford Journal of EAST ASIAN AFFAIRS THE CENTER FOR EAST ASIAN STUDIES STANFORD UNIVERSITY VOLUME 5 | NUMBER 1 | WINTER 2005 SJEAA_042005_all 4/20/05 8:53 AM Page 1 Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs About Us The Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs (SJEAA) is dedicated toward addressing compelling issues in the East Asian region in a manner accessible to a general audience. SJEAA showcases undergraduate and graduate work on East Asia in all academic disciplines. We receive submissions from leading universities both in the United States and from abroad. Copies of the SJEAA are distributed to East Asian studies departments and libraries across the nation. Article submissions can focus on any topic pertaining to East Asia. Our work is roughly divided into the following sections: Greater China (including Hong Kong and Taiwan) Japan Korea Southeast Asia If your department, library, or organization is interest- ed in subscribing to the SJEAA, please contact us at [email protected]. Subscription is free and editions come out twice a year. For more details, please visit our website at http://www.stanford.edu/group/sjeaa. Volume 5 | Number 1 | Winter 2005 Center for East Asian Studies | Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 SJEAA_042005_all 4/20/05 8:53 AM Page 2 Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs Editors-in-Chief Andrew MacDonald Stella Shin Editorial Board Greater China Adam Kwok Shameel Ahmad Japan Julie Gibson Korea Sheena Chestnut Gloria Kim Southeast Asia Victor Marsh Production Board Business Manager Dan Cho Asst. Business Manager Shiho Watabe Publicity Director Ming Zhu Assistant Editors David Chang John Lim Anna Ji Sun Cho Shaw Yea Lim Philbert Fan Max Neostroev Joon Seok Hong Ginny Skye Nicholson Jenwa Hsung Shiho Watabe Anne Kim Katy Yan Faculty Advisory board Gordon Chang History Jean Oi Political Science Daniel Okimoto Political Science Haun Saussy Asian Languages and Comparative Literature Gi-Wook Shin Sociology Andrew Walder Sociology Special Thanks to Asia/Pacific Research Center at Stanford Associated Students of Stanford University Center for East Asian Studies at Stanford Prodigy Press and KGN Graphics Volume 5 | Number 1 | Winter 2005 Center for East Asian Studies | Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 SJEAA_042005_all 4/20/05 8:53 AM Page 3 Contents 4 contributors 6 editorial China Albert Chang 9 Revisiting the Tiananmen Square Incident: A Distorted Image from Both Sides of the Lens Ching-fen Hu 26 Taiwan’s Geopolitics and Chiang Ching-Kuo’s Decision to Democratize Taiwan Diana Fu 45 China’s Paradox Passage into Modernity: A Study on the Portrayal of Sexual Harassment in Chinese Media Japan Marcus Willensky 58 Japanese Fascism Revisited Sean Fern 78 Tokdo or Takeshima? The International Law of Territorial Acquisition in the Japan-Korea Island Dispute Korea Yun-Jo Cho 90 The Sources of Regime Stability in North Korea: Insights from Democratization Theory Min-Dong Paul Lee 100 Contested Narratives: Reclaiming National Identity through Historical Reappropriation among Korean Minorities in China Southeast Asia Andrew Hall 113 Anglo-US Relations in the Formation of SEATO Tai Wei Lim 133 ASEAN’s Role and its Management of the Sino-Japanese Rivalry Cover Photo: National Place Museum, Taiwan, taken by Andrew MacDonald SJEAA_042005_all 4/20/05 8:53 AM Page 4 4 Contributors Contributors Ching-fen Hu is currently a graduate student at the Jackson School of International Studies, University of Washington. He received his B.A. in Political Science from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan in 1981. He has also received an M.A. in Journalism from Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio, 1983. His primary research interest is China’s democratic movement. Diane Fu is a junior at the University of Minnesota- Twin Cities who is currently studying abroad at Beijing University, China. She is majoring in Global Studies and Political Science with a minor in Psychology. She has received the Undergraduate Research Opportunities Grant sponsored by the University of Minnesota College of Liberal Arts. This grant provided her the opportunity to collaborate with Political Science Professor Daniel Kelliher on this research project. She would like to thank Professor Kelliher for his encouragement and his incredible mentoring. Her paper was also chosen for presentation at the 2004 National Undergraduate Research Conference held in Indianapolis last spring. Albert Chang is a junior majoring in Political Science at Stanford. He has also worked for the Defense Policy Team in the Bureau of Political-Military Affairs for the United States Department of State and has served as a US-Asia Foreign Policy Analyst, Nathan Hale Foreign Policy Society. He has also conducted independent interview/survey research in Hong Kong regarding youth political activism and censorship post-1997 and has completed interview research in Beijing and Shanghai regarding the future of U.S.-China relations as viewed by China’s next generation of leaders. He is interested in diplomacy and international security studies, particularly with regards to U.S. foreign policy in East Asia. Marcus Willensky is the Director of the International Research Department (Kokusai Chousa Bu) of FORMULATION K.K. This company provides research and support for the Japanese television industry. Marcus specializes in Film and Video Licensing of overseas footage for broadcast in Japan. He received his B.A. in the winter of 1987 from University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Department of Asian Studies with a concentration in Burmese [now Myanmar] history and was awarded his M.A. in the fall of 1999 from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, in the Center for Japanese Studies with a concentration in Japanese Language. "Japanese Fascism Revisited" was originally Chapter 4 of his graduating thesis, "Sonnou Toukan: Revere the Emperor, Destroy the Traitors." His primary research interest is in early Showa Era history, with special focus on the Japanese prewar right-wing (uyoku). Volume 5 | Number 1 | Winter 2005 SJEAA_042005_all 4/20/05 8:53 AM Page 5 5 Contributors Sean Fern will receive his B.S. in Foreign Service (with a major in International Politics) from Georgetown University. Next year he plans on attending Cornell Law School. For this paper, Sean worked closely with Victor Cha, who is an assistant professor of Government at Georgetown’s School of Foreign Service. Sean’s main research interests include international law and organizations, human rights, and national security. He is currently working on his senior thesis, which is on regime change theory and how it relates to the Internet. Yun-Jo Cho latest position was most recently as an intern at the International Atomic Energy Agency. He earned his B.S. in Foreign Service in May 2004, majoring in International Political Economy with a certificate in Asian Studies, from the Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University. His article is a condensed version of his undergraduate thesis written during his senior year. His academic interests include democratization in East Asia and ROK-DPRK economic integration. Min-Dong Paul Lee is pursing a Ph.D. in Political Science at Cornell University. He received his B.A. with honors in 1996 and his M.A. in 2000, both from the University of Toronto in 1996 and his MA from the same school in 2000. He is currently working on China's education inequality, which also touches upon differential educational attainment between minority ethnic groups. Writing of his article was partly supported by the University of Toronto Fellowship. His primary field of study is economic sociology and social stratification. He is particularly interested in the role of education in producing social and economic inequality. Tai-Wei Lim is completing his Ph.D. at Cornell University in the Marion and Frank Long Fellow, Peace Studies Program. He has also been an Overseas Research Fellow at the Singapore Institute of International Affairs, a Hong Kong Policy Research Institute Fellow and a Tan Kah Kee Foundation Sub-committee member. He received his B.A. from the National University of Singapore, with a major in Political Science and Japanese Studies with a minor in History, and also received an M.A. in Japanese Studies (Political Economy) from the National University of Singapore in 2001. He has also worked extensively for NGOs and has given speeches, interviews and been published widely on pressing issues in East and Southeast Asia. His research interests include China’s oil industry, ASEAN relationship with China and Japan, and East Asian regionalism. Andrew D. Hall is a senior at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service. He expects to graduate in May 2005 with a Bachelor's Degree in Foreign Service and a Certificate in European Studies with a concentration on the European Union. His major is International Politics with a concentration in International Security Studies. His piece was written while spending the 2003/04 academic year abroad at King's College London, part of the University of London in their War Studies Department. Andrew’s main academic interests are in international law and security studies as well as Europe and Southeast Asia; he plans on a career in the U.S. Foreign Service. Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs SJEAA_042005_all 4/20/05 8:53 AM Page 6 6 Editorial Editorial Winter 2005 As time slips into 2005, East Asia continues to be unsettled. The Japanese people are still struggling with their wartime past, Japan’s role in the region and its relations with its neighbors. North Korea’s nuclear program is an ongoing worry to countries in the region. Taiwan and Beijing shared a brief moment of better relations with the first commercial cross- strait flights in nearly 50 years, but Beijing’s soon to be passed anti-secession law will no doubt heighten tensions.
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