E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 106 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 146 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 2000 No. 16 House of Representatives The House was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on Tuesday, February 29, 2000, at 12:30 p.m. Senate TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 2000

The Senate met at 11 a.m. and was lic for which it stands, one nation under God, And now to the address proper. called to order by the President pro indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Mr. MOYNIHAN, at the rostrum, read tempore [Mr. THURMOND]. f the Farewell Address, as follows: RECOGNITION OF SENATOR To the people of the United States: PRAYER FRIENDS AND FELLOW CITIZENS: The MOYNIHAN The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John period for a new election of a citizen to Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. administer the executive government Today, on George Washington’s ENZI). Under the order of January 26, of the United States being not far dis- birthday, it seems appropriate to re- 2000, the Senator from New York, Mr. tant, and the time actually arrived peat a prayer that he prayed for the MOYNIHAN, will now read Washington’s when your thoughts must be employed Nation exactly as it is reproduced on Farewell Address. in designating the person who is to be the wall of the chapel at Valley Forge. The Senator from New York. clothed with that important trust, it Let us pray. f appears to me proper, especially as it ‘‘Almighty God: We make our earnest READING OF WASHINGTON’S may conduce to a more distinct expres- prayer that Thou would keep the FAREWELL ADDRESS sion of the public voice, that I should United States in Thy holy protection; now apprise you of the resolution I that Thou will incline the hearts of the Mr. MOYNIHAN. Mr. President and have formed, to decline being consid- citizens to cultivate a spirit of subordi- my revered mentor, the Senior Senator ered among the number of those out of nation and obedience to the govern- from West Virginia, in his life, George whom a choice is to be made. ment, and entertain a brotherly affec- Washington did two things without I beg you at the same time to do me tion and love for one another and for equal in the history of Government. the justice to be assured, that this res- their fellow citizens of the United The American Colonies having re- olution has not been taken without States at large. And, finally, that Thou volted against the rule of King George strict regard to all the considerations would most graciously be pleased to III, Washington assumed command of a appertaining to the relation which dispose us all to do justice, to love makeshift army and in 6 years fought binds a dutiful citizen to his country— mercy, and to demean ourselves with his way to victory, whereupon he re- and that, in withdrawing the tender of that charity, humility, and pacific signed as Commander in Chief and service which silence in my situation temper of mind which were the charac- turned over the army to the civil au- might imply, I am influenced by no teristics of the Divine Author of our thorities, such as they were. Fourteen diminution of zeal for your future in- blessed religion and, without a humble years later, having served two terms as terest, no deficiency of grateful respect imitation of whose example in these President of a new Government, he an- for your past kindness, but am sup- things, we can never hope to be a nounced he would retire, although his ported by a full conviction that the happy nation. Grant our supplication, reelection was not in doubt. These two step is compatible with both. we beseech Thee, through Jesus Christ actions, said George III, ‘‘placed him in The acceptance of, and continuance our Lord. Amen.’’ a light the most distinguished of any hitherto in the office to which your man living, the greatest character of suffrages have twice called me have f the age’’—looking back, we might say been a uniform sacrifice of inclination PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE ‘‘the greatest character of the ages’’— to the opinion of duty, and to a def- The Honorable MIKE ENZI, a Sen- for these two actions laid the founda- erence for what appeared to be your de- ator from the State of Wyoming, led tions of republicanism which in his sire. I constantly hoped that it would the Pledge of Allegiance, as follows. Farewell Address he presciently fore- have been much earlier in my power, I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the saw and fervently predicted would consistently with motives which I was United States of America, and to the Repub- strengthen and grow across the world. not at liberty to disregard, to return to

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

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VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S650 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 that retirement from which I had been union and brotherly affection may be birth or choice of a common country, reluctantly drawn. The strength of my perpetual; that the free constitution, that country has a right to concentrate inclination to do this, previous to the which is the work of your hands, may your affections. The name of American, last election, had even led to the prepa- be sacredly maintained; that its admin- which belongs to you in your national ration of an address to declare it to istration in every department may be capacity, must always exalt the just you; but mature reflection on the then stamped with wisdom and virtue; that, pride of patriotism more than any ap- perplexed and critical posture of our in fine, the happiness of the people of pellation derived from local discrimi- affairs with foreign nations, and the these states, under the auspices of lib- nations. With slight shades of dif- unanimous advice of persons entitled erty, may be made complete by so care- ference, you have the same religion, to my confidence, impelled me to aban- ful a preservation and so prudent a use manners, habits, and political prin- don the idea. of this blessing as will acquire to them ciples. You have in a common cause I rejoice that the state of your con- the glory of recommending it to the ap- fought and triumphed together. The cerns external as well as internal, no plause, the affection, and adoption of independence and liberty you possess, longer renders the pursuit of inclina- every nation which is yet a stranger to are the work of joint councils and joint tion incompatible with the sentiment it. efforts—of common dangers, sufferings of duty or propriety; and am persuaded, Here, perhaps, I ought to stop. But a and successes. whatever partiality may be retained solicitude for your welfare, which can- But these considerations, however for my services, that in the present cir- not end but with my life, and the ap- powerfully they address themselves to cumstances of our country you will not prehension of danger natural to that your sensibility, are greatly out- disapprove my determination to retire. solicitude, urge me on an occasion like weighed by those which apply more im- The impressions with which I first the present to offer to your solemn mediately to your interest. Here every undertook the arduous trust were ex- contemplation, and to recommend to portion of our country finds the most plained on the proper occasion. In the your frequent review, some sentiments commanding motives for carefully discharge of this trust, I will only say which are the result of much reflec- guarding and preserving the Union of that I have, with good intentions, con- tion, of no inconsiderable observation, the whole. tributed towards the organization and and which appear to me all important The North, in an unrestrained inter- administration of the government the to the permanency of your felicity as a course with the South, protected by the best exertions of which a very fallible people. These will be offered to you equal laws of a common government, judgment was capable. Not unconscious with the more freedom as you can only finds in the productions of the latter, in the outset of the inferiority of my see in them the disinterested warnings great additional resources of maritime qualifications, experience, in my own of a parting friend, who can possibly and commercial enterprise, and pre- eyes, perhaps still more in the eyes of have no personal motive to bias his cious materials of manufacturing in- others, has strengthened the motives counsel. Nor can I forget, as an encour- dustry. The South, in the same inter- to diffidence of myself; and, every day, agement to it, your indulgent recep- course, benefiting by the same agency the increasing weight of years admon- tion of my sentiments on a former and of the North, sees its agriculture grow ishes me more and more that the shade not dissimilar occasion. and its commerce expand. Turning Interwoven as is the love of liberty of retirement is as necessary to me as partly into its own channels the sea- with every ligament of your hearts, no it will be welcome. Satisfied that if men of the North, it finds its particular recommendation of mine is necessary any circumstances have given peculiar navigation invigorated; and while it to fortify or confirm the attachment. value to my services, they were tem- The unity of government which con- contributes, in different ways, to nour- porary, I have the consolation to be- stitutes you one people is also now ish and increase the general mass of lieve that, while choice and prudence dear to you. It is justly so; for it is a the national navigation, it looks for- invite me to quit the political scene, main pillar in the edifice of your real ward to the protection of a maritime patriotism does not forbid it. independence, the support of your tran- strength to which itself is unequally In looking forward to the moment quility at home, your peace abroad, of adapted. The East, in a like intercourse which is intended to terminate the ca- your safety, of your prosperity, of that with the West, already finds, and in the reer of my political life, my feelings do very liberty which you so highly prize. progressive improvement of interior not permit me to suspend the deep ac- But as it is easy to foresee that, from communications by land and water will knowledgment of that debt of gratitude different causes and from different more and more find a valuable vent for which I owe to my beloved country for quarters, much pains will be taken, the commodities which it brings from the many honors it has conferred upon many artifices employed, to weaken in abroad or manufactures at home. The me, still more for the steadfast con- your minds the conviction of this West derives from the East supplies req- fidence with which it has supported me truth; as this is the point in your polit- uisite to its growth and comfort—and and for the opportunities I have thence ical fortress against which the bat- what is perhaps of still greater con- enjoyed of manifesting my inviolable teries of internal and external enemies sequence, it must of necessity owe the attachment by services faithful and will be most constantly and actively secure enjoyment of indispensable out- persevering, though in usefulness un- (though often covertly and insidiously) lets for its own productions to the equal to my zeal. If benefits have re- directed, it is of infinite movement weight, influence, and the future mari- sulted to our country from these serv- that you should properly estimate the time strength of the Atlantic side of ices, let it always be remembered to immense value of your national Union the Union, directed by an indissoluble your praise and as an instructive exam- to your collective and individual happi- community of interest as one nation. ple in our annals, that, under cir- ness; that you should cherish a cordial, Any other tenure by which the West cumstances in which the passions agi- habitual, and immovable attachment can hold this essential advantage, tated in every direction were liable to to it; accustoming yourselves to think whether derived from its own separate mislead, amidst appearances some- and speak of it as of the palladium of strength or from an apostate and un- times dubious, vicissitudes of fortune your political safety and prosperity; natural connection with any foreign often discouraging, in situations in watching for its preservation with jeal- power, must be intrinsically precar- which not unfrequently, want of suc- ous anxiety; discountenancing what- ious. cess has countenanced the spirit of ever may suggest even a suspicion that While then every part of our country criticism, the constancy of your sup- it can, in any event, be abandoned; and thus feels an immediate and particular port was the essential prop of the ef- indignantly frowning upon the first interest in union, all the parts com- forts and a guarantee of the plans by dawning of every attempt to alienate bined cannot fail to find in the united which they were effected. Profoundly any portion of our country from the mass of means and efforts greater penetrated with this idea, I shall carry rest, or to enfeeble the sacred ties strength, greater resource, proportion- it with me to my grave as a strong in- which now link together the various ably greater security from external citement to unceasing vows that Heav- parts. danger, a less frequent interruption of en may continue to you the choicest For this you have every inducement their peace by foreign nations; and, tokens of its beneficence; that your of sympathy and interest. Citizens by what is of inestimable value! they must

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S651 derive from union an exemption from Spain, which secure to them every- which cunning, ambitious, and unprin- those broils and wars between them- thing they could desire, in respect to cipled men will be enabled to subvert selves which so frequently afflict our foreign relations, towards con- the power of the people, and to usurp neighboring countries not tied together firming their prosperity. Will it not be for themselves the reins of govern- by the same government, which their their wisdom to rely for the preserva- ment; destroying afterwards the very own rivalships alone would be suffi- tion of these advantages on the Union engines which have lifted them to un- cient to produce, but which opposite by which they were procured? Will they just dominion. foreign alliances, attachments, and in- not henceforth be deaf to those advis- Towards the preservation of your trigues would stimulate and embitter. ers, if such they are, who would sever government and the permanency of Hence likewise, they will avoid the ne- them from their brethren and connect your present happy state, it is req- cessity of those overgrown military es- them with aliens? uisite, not only that you steadily dis- tablishments, which under any form of To the efficacy and permanency of countenance irregular opposition to its government are inauspicious to liberty, your Union, a government for the acknowledged authority but also that and which are to be regarded as par- whole is indispensable. No alliances, you resist with care the spirit of inno- ticularly hostile to republican liberty. however strict, between the parts can vation upon its principles, however spe- In this sense it is, that your Union be an adequate substitute. They must cious the pretext. One method of as- ought to be considered as a main prop inevitably experience the infractions sault may be to effect, in the forms of of your liberty, and that the love of the and interruptions which all alliances, the Constitution, alterations which one ought to endear to you the preser- in all times, have experienced. Sensible will impair the energy of the system vation of the other. of this momentous truth, you have im- and thus to undermine what cannot be These considerations speak a persua- proved upon your first essay, by the directly overthrown. In all the changes sive language to every reflecting and adoption of a Constitution of govern- to which you may be invited, remem- virtuous mind, and exhibit the continu- ment, better calculated than your ber that time and habit are at least as ance of the Union as a primary object former, for an intimate Union and for necessary to fix the true character of of patriotic desire. Is there a doubt the efficacious management of your governments as of other human insti- whether a common government can common concerns. This government, tutions, that experience is the surest embrace so large a sphere? Let experi- the offspring of our own choice, standard by which to test the real ence solve it. To listen to mere specu- uninfluenced and unawed, adopted tendency of the existing constitution lation in such a case were criminal. We upon full investigation and mature de- of a country, that facility in changes are authorized to hope that a proper liberation, completely free in its prin- upon the credit of mere hypotheses and organization of the whole, with the ciples, in the distribution of its powers, opinion exposes to perpetual change auxiliary agency of governments for uniting security with energy, and con- from the endless variety of hypotheses the respective subdivisions, will afford taining within itself a provision for its and opinion; and remember, especially, a happy issue to the experiment. It is own amendment, has a just claim to that for the efficient management of well worth a fair and full experiment. your confidence and your support. Re- your common interests in a country so With such powerful and obvious mo- spect for its authority, compliance extensive as ours, a government of as tives to union, affecting all parts of our with its laws, acquiescence in its meas- much vigor as is consistent with the country, while experience shall not ures, are duties enjoined by the funda- perfect security of liberty is indispen- have demonstrated its imprac- mental maxims of true liberty. The sable; liberty itself will find in such a ticability, there will always be reason basis of our political systems is the government, with powers properly dis- to distrust the patriotism of those who right of the people to make and to tributed and adjusted, its surest guard- ian. It is indeed little else than a name, in any quarter may endeavor to weak- alter their constitutions of govern- where the government is too feeble to en its hands. ment.—But the Constitution which at withstand the enterprises of fraction, In contemplating the causes which any time exists, until changed by an to confine each member of the society may disturb our Union, it occurs as explicit and authentic act of the whole within the limits prescribed by the matter of serious concern, that any people, is sacredly obligatory upon all. laws, and to maintain all in the secure ground should have been furnished for The very idea of the power, and the and tranquil enjoyment of the rights of characterizing parties by geographical right of the people to establish govern- discriminations—northern and south- person and property. ment, presupposes the duty of every in- I have already intimated to you the ern—Atlantic and western; whence de- dividual to obey the established gov- danger of parties in the state, with par- signing men may endeavor to excite a ernment. ticular reference to the founding of belief that there is a real difference of All obstructions to the execution of them on geographical discriminations. local interests and views. One of the the laws, all combinations and associa- Let me now take a more comprehen- expedients of party to acquire influ- tions under whatever plausible char- sive view and warn you in the most sol- ence within particular districts, is to acter, with the real design to direct, emn manner against the baneful effects misrepresent the opinions and aims of control, counteract, or awe the regular of the spirit of party, generally. other districts. You cannot shield deliberation and action of the con- This spirit, unfortunately, is insepa- yourself too much against the stituted authorities, are destructive of rable from our nature, having its root jealousies and heart burnings which this fundamental principle, and of fatal in the strongest passions of the human spring from these misrepresentations. tendency. They serve to organize fac- mind. It exists under different shapes They tend to render alien to each other tion; to give it an artificial and ex- in all governments, more or less sti- those who ought to be bound together traordinary force; to put in the place of fled, controlled, or repressed; but in by fraternal affection. The inhabitants the delegated will of the nation the those of the popular form it is seen in of our western country have lately had will of a party, often a small but artful its greatest rankness, and is truly their a useful lesson on this head. They have and enterprising minority of the com- worst enemy. seen, in the negotiation by the execu- munity; and, according to the alter- The alternate domination of one fac- tive—and in the unanimous ratifica- nate triumphs of different parties, to tion over another, sharpened by the tion by the Senate—of the treaty with make the public administration the spirit of revenge natural to party dis- Spain, and in the universal satisfaction mirror of the ill concerted and incon- sension, which in different ages and at that event throughout the United gruous projects of faction, rather than countries has perpetrated the most States, a decisive proof how unfounded the organ of consistent and wholesome horrid enormities, is itself a frightful were the suspicions propagated among plans digested by common councils, despotism.—But this leads at length to them of a policy in the general govern- and modified by mutual interests. How- a more formal and permanent des- ment and in the Atlantic states, un- ever combinations or associations of potism. The disorders and miseries friendly to their interests in regard to the above description may now and which result gradually incline the the Mississippi. They have been wit- then answer popular ends, they are minds of men to seek security and nesses to the formation of two treaties, likely, in the course of time and repose in the absolute power of an indi- that with Great Britain and that with things, to become potent engines, by vidual; and, sooner or later, the chief of

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S652 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 some prevailing faction, more able or it be corrected by an amendment in the be devised which are not more or less more fortunate than his competitors, way which the Constitution designates. inconvenient and unpleasant; that the turns this disposition to the purpose of But let there be no change by usurpa- intrinsic embarrassment inseparable his own elevation on the ruins of public tion; for though this, in one instance, from the selection of the proper objects liberty. may be the instrument of good, it is (which is always a choice of difficul- Without looking forward to an ex- the customary weapon by which free ties) ought to be a decisive motive for tremity of this kind, (which neverthe- governments are destroyed. The prece- a candid construction of the conduct of less ought not to be entirely out of dent must always greatly overbalance the government in making it, and for a sight) the common and continual mis- in permanent evil any partial or tran- spirit of acquiescence in the measures chiefs of the spirit of party are suffi- sient benefit which the use can at any for obtaining revenue, which the public cient to make it in the interest and time yield. exigencies may at any time dictate. duty of a wise people to discourage and Of all the dispositions and habits Observe good faith and justice to- restrain it. which lead to political prosperity, reli- wards all nations; cultivate peace and It serves always to distract the pub- gion and morality are indispensable harmony with all; religion and moral- lic councils, and enfeeble the public ad- supports. In vain would that man claim ity enjoin this conduct, and can it be ministration. It agitates the commu- the tribute of patriotism, who should that good policy does not equally en- nity with ill founded jealousies and labor to subvert these great pillars of join it? It will be worthy of a free, en- false alarms, kindles the animosity of human happiness, these firmest props lightened, and, at no distant period, a one part against another, forments oc- of the duties of men and citizens. The great nation, to give to mankind the casional riot and insurrection. It opens mere politician, equally with the pious magnanimous and too novel example of the door to foreign influence and cor- man, ought to respect and to cherish a people always guided by an exalted ruption, which finds a facilitated ac- them. A volume could not trace all justice and benevolence. Who can doubt cess to the government itself through their connections with private and pub- but, in the course of time and things the channels of party passions. Thus lic felicity. Let it simply be asked the fruits of such a plan would richly the policy and the will of one country where is the security for property, for repay any temporary advantages which are subjected to the policy and will of reputation, for life, if the sense of reli- might be lost by a steady adherence to it? Can it be that Providence has not another. gious obligation desert the oaths, which connected the permanent felicity of a There is an opinion that parties in are the instruments of investigation in nation with its virtue? The experiment, free countries are useful checks upon courts of justice? And let us with cau- at least, is recommended by every sen- the administration of the government, tion indulge the supposition that mo- and serve to keep alive the spirit of lib- timent which ennobles human nature. rality can be maintained without reli- Alas! is it rendered impossible by its erty. This within certain limits is prob- gion. Whatever may be conceded to the ably true—and in governments of a vices? influence of refined education on minds In the execution of such a plan noth- monarchial cast, patriotism may look of peculiar structure, reason and expe- ing is more essential than that perma- with indulgence, if not with favor, rience both forbid us to expect that na- nent, inveterate antipathies against upon the spirit of party. But in those of tional morality can prevail in exclu- particular nations and passionate at- the popular character, in governments sion of religious principle. tachment for others should be excluded purely elective, it is a spirit not to be It is substantially true, that virtue and that in place of them just and ami- encouraged. From their natural tend- or morality is a necessary spring of cable feelings towards all should be ency, it is certain there will always be popular government. The rule, indeed, cultivated. The nation which indulges enough of that spirit for every salutary extends with more or less force to towards another an habitual hatred, or purpose. And there being constant dan- every species of free government. Who an habitual fondness, is in some degree ger of excess, the effort ought to be by that is a sincere friend to it can look a slave. It is a slave to its animosity, force of public opinion to mitigate and with indifference upon attempts to or to its affection, either of which is assuage it. A fire not to be quenched, it shake the foundation of the fabric? sufficient to lead it astray from its demands a uniform vigilance to pre- Promote, then, as an object of pri- duty and its interest. Antipathy in one vent it bursting into a flame, lest in- mary importance, institutions for the nation against another disposes each stead of warming, it should consume. general diffusion of knowledge. In pro- more readily to offer insult and injury, It is important likewise, that the portion as the structure of a govern- to lay hold of slight causes of umbrage, habits of thinking in a free country ment gives force to public opinion, it is and to be haughty and intractable should inspire caution in those en- essential that the public opinion when accidental or trifling occasions trusted with its administration to con- should be enlightened. of dispute occur. Hence frequent colli- fine themselves within their respective As a very important source of sions, obstinate, envenomed, and constitutional spheres, avoiding in the strength and security, cherish public bloody contests. The nation, prompted exercise of the powers of one depart- credit. One method of preserving it is by ill will and resentment, sometimes ment to encroach upon another. The to use it as sparingly as possible, impels to war the government, con- spirit of encroachment tends to con- avoiding occasions of expense by culti- trary to the best calculations of policy. solidate the powers of all the depart- vating peace, but remembering, also, The government sometimes partici- ments in one, and thus to create, what- that timely disbursements, to prepare pates in the national propensity and ever the form of government, a real for danger, frequently prevent much adopts through passion what reason despotism. A just estimate of that love greater disbursements to repel it; would reject; at other times, it makes of power and proneness to abuse it avoiding likewise the accumulation of the animosity of the nation’s subser- which predominates in the human debt, not only by shunning occasions of vient to projects of hostility, insti- heart is sufficient to satisfy us of the expense, but by vigorous exertions in gated by pride, ambition and other sin- truth of this position. The necessity of time of peace to discharge the debts ister and pernicious motives. The peace reciprocal checks in the exercise of po- which unavoidable wars may have oc- often, sometimes perhaps the liberty of litical power, by dividing and distrib- casioned, not ungenerously throwing nations, has been the victim. uting it into different depositories, and upon posterity the burden which we So likewise, a passionate attachment constituting each the guardian of the ourselves ought to bear. The execution of one nation for another produces a public weal against invasions of the of these maxims belongs to your rep- variety of evils. Sympathy for the fa- others, has been evinced by experi- resentatives, but it is necessary that vorite nation, facilitating the illusion ments ancient and modern, some of public opinion should cooperate. To fa- of an imaginary common interest in them in our country and under our own cilitate to them the performance of cases where no real common interest eyes. To preserve them must be as nec- their duty, it is essential that you exists and infusing into one the enmi- essary as to institute them. If, in the should practically bear in mind that ties of the other, betrays the former opinion of the people, the distribution towards the payment of debts there into a participation in the quarrels and or modification of the constitutional must be revenue; that to have revenue wars of the latter, without adequate in- powers be in any particular wrong, let there must be taxes; that no taxes can ducements or justifications. It leads

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S653 also to concessions, to the favorite na- riod is not far off when we may defy tionate friend, I dare not hope they tion of privileges denied to others, material injury from external annoy- will make the strong and lasting im- which is apt doubly to injure the na- ance; when we may take such an atti- pression I could wish—that they will tion making the concessions, by unnec- tude as will cause the neutrality we control the usual current of the pas- essarily parting with what ought to may at any time resolve upon to be sions or prevent our nation from run- have been retained and by exciting scrupulously respected; when bellig- ning the course which has hitherto jealously, ill will, and a disposition to erent nations, under the impossibility marked the destiny of nations. But if I retaliate in the parties from whom of making acquisitions upon us, will may even flatter myself that they may equal privileges are withheld. And it not lightly hazard the giving us provo- be productive of some partial benefit, gives to ambitious, corrupted or de- cation, when we may choose peace or some occasional good, that they may luded citizens (who devote themselves war, as our interest guided by justice now and then recur to moderate the to the favorite nation) facility to be- shall counsel. fury of party spirit, to warn against tray or sacrifice the interests of their Why forgo the advantages of so pecu- the mischiefs of foreign intrigue, to own country, without odium, some- liar a situation? Why quit our own to guard against the impostures of pre- times even with popularity gilding stand upon foreign ground? Why, by tended patriotism—this hope will be a with the appearances of virtuous sense interweaving our destiny with that of full recompense for the solicitude for of obligation, a commendable deference any part of Europe, entangle our peace your welfare by which they have been for public opinion, or a laudable zeal and prosperity in the toils of European dictated. for public good, the base or foolish ambition, rivalship, interest, humor, or How far in the discharge of my offi- compliances of ambition, corruption, caprice? cial duties, I have been guided by the or infatuation. It is our true policy to steer clear of principles which have been delineated, As avenues to foreign influence in in- permanent alliance with any portion of the public records and other evidences numerable ways, such attachments are the foreign world—so far, I mean, as we of my conduct must witness to you and particularly alarming to the truly en- are now at liberty to do it, for let me to the world. To myself, the assurance lightened and independent patriot. How not be understood as capable of patron- of my own conscience is, that I have, at many opportunities do they afford to izing infidelity to existing engage- least, believed myself to be guided by tamper with domestic factions, to prac- ments. (I hold the maxim no less appli- them. tice the arts of seduction, to mislead cable to public than private affairs, In relation to the still subsisting war public opinion, to influence or awe the that honesty is always the best pol- in Europe, my proclamation of the 22d public councils! Such an attachment of icy)—I repeat it, therefore, let those of April 1793 is the index to my plan. a small or weak towards a great and engagements be observed in their gen- Sanctioned by your approving voice powerful nation, dooms the former to uine sense. But in my opinion, it is un- and by that of your representatives in be the satellite of the latter. necessary, and would be unwise to ex- both houses of Congress, the spirit of Against the insidious wiles of foreign tend them. that measure has continually governed influence (I conjure you to believe me, Taking care always to keep our- me, uninfuenced by any attempts to fellow citizens) the jealousy of a free selves, by suitable establishments, on a deter or divert me from it. people ought to be constantly awake, respectable defensive posture, we may After deliberate examination with since history and experience prove, safely trust to temporary alliances for the aid of the best lights I could ob- that foreign influence is one of the extraordinary emergencies. tain, I was well satisfied that our coun- most baneful foes of republican govern- Harmony, liberal intercourse with all try, under all the circumstances of the ment. But that jealously to be useful nations, are recommended by policy, case, had a right to take, and was must be impartial; else it becomes the humanity, and interest. But even our bound in duty and interest to take—a instrument of the very influence to be commercial policy should hold an neutral position. Having taken it, I de- avoided, instead of a defense against it. equal and impartial hand: neither seek- termined, as far as should depend upon Excessive partiality for one foreign na- ing nor granting exclusive favors or me, to maintain it with moderation, tion and excessive dislike for another preferences; consulting the natural perseverance and firmness. cause those whom they actuate to see course of things; diffusing and diversi- The considerations which respect the danger only on one side, and serve to fying by gentle means the streams of right to hold this conduct it is not nec- veil and even second the arts of influ- commerce but forcing nothing; estab- essary on this occasion to detail. I will ence on the other. Real patriots, who lishing with powers so disposed, in only observe that, according to my un- may resist the intrigues of the favor- order to give trade a stable course—in derstanding of the matter, that right, ite, are liable to become suspected and order to give to trade a stable course, so far from being denied by any of the odious, while its tools and dupes usurp to define the rights of our merchants, belligerent powers, has been virtually the applause and confidence of the peo- and to enable the government to sup- admitted by all. ple to surrender their interests. port them, conventional rules of inter- The duty of holding a neutral con- The great rule of conduct for us in re- course, the best that present cir- duct may be inferred, without anything gard to foreign nations is, in extending cumstances and mutual opinion will more, from the obligation which jus- our commercial relations, to have with permit, but temporary, and liable to be tice and humanity impose on every na- them as little political connection as from time to time abandoned or varied tion, in cases in which it is free to act, possible. So far as we have already as experience and circumstances shall to maintain inviolate the relations of formed engagements, let them be ful- dictate; constantly keeping in view, peace and amity towards other nations. filled with perfect good faith. Here let that it is folly in one nation to look for The inducements of interest for ob- us stop. disinterested favors from another— serving that conduct will best be re- Europe has a set of primary inter- that is must pay with a portion of its ferred to your own reflections and ex- ests, which to us have none or a very independence for whatever it may ac- perience. With me, a predominant mo- remote relation. Hence, she must be cept under that character—that by tive has been to endeavor to gain time engaged in frequent controversies, the such acceptance, it may place itself in to our country to settle and mature its causes of which are essentially foreign the condition of having given equiva- yet recent institutions and to progress, to our concerns. Hence therefore it lents for nominal favors and yet of without interruption to that degree of must be unwise in us to implicate our- being reproached with ingratitude for strength and consistency which is nec- selves, by artificial ties, in the ordi- not giving more. There can be no great- essary to give it, humanly speaking, nary vicissitudes of her politics or the er error than to expect or calculate the command of its own fortunes. ordinary combinations and collisions of upon real favors from nation to nation. Though in reviewing the incidents of her friendships or enmities. It is an illusion which experience must my administration I am unconscious of Our detached and distant situation cure, which a just pride ought to dis- intentional error, I am nevertheless invites and enables us to pursue a dif- card. too sensible of my defects not to think ferent course. If we remain one people, In offering to you, my countrymen, it probable that I may have committed under an efficient government, the pe- these counsels of an old and affec- many errors. Whatever they may be, I

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S654 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 fervently beseech the Almighty to It seems that mainland China cannot system. That is why China is pulling avert or mitigate the evils to which stand democracy. It is almost as if down the threshold for invasion and they may tend. I shall also carry with they have a visceral antipathy to free- building up its arms pointed at Taiwan. me the hope that my country will dom. I went to Taiwan last month—the I suggest it is no accident that ear- never cease to view them with indul- Presiding Officer accompanied me on lier this month the first of four Rus- gence and that, after forty-five years of that visit to the Pacific rim—and had sian Sovremenny-class guided missile my life dedicated to its service with an the opportunity to visit with the Presi- destroyers sailed into Chinese waters. I upright zeal, the faults of incompetent dent of Taiwan and numerous officials. suggest it is no accident this destroyer abilities will be consigned to oblivion, One of the things that struck me as we is equipped with surface-to-surface as myself must soon be to the man- disembarked the plane and I looked off missiles designed specifically to de- sions of rest. the tarmac was a whole press contin- stroy American Aegis ships and air- Relying on its kindness in this as in gent, more than we had seen in, say, craft carriers, America’s ships that other things, and actuated by that fer- Japan or South Korea; a media contin- would come to the defense of Taiwan. vent love towards it which is so nat- gent—cameras, reporters—shouting It is no accident that China has or- ural to a man who views in it the na- questions at us. I thought, even as we dered Kilo-class submarines equipped tive soil of himself and his progenitors walked toward them, democracy has with torpedoes designed to evade detec- for several generations, I anticipate certainly arrived and democracy has tion. It is no accident that China has with pleasing expectation that retreat, blossomed in Taiwan because one of deployed short-range ballistic missiles in which I promise myself to realize the signal signposts, I believe, of de- in the provinces just across the Taiwan without alloy the sweet enjoyment of mocracy is an independent and a vig- Strait. It is no accident that China has partaking in the midst of my fellow orous and aggressive media. That was flown over 100 sorties over the Taiwan citizens the benign influence of good certainly evident in Taiwan. Strait, many with Russian-bought SU– laws under a free government—the ever One of the first questions shouted to 27s. favorite object of my heart, and the our delegation, the Senator from Wyo- We must not tempt intimidation happy reward, as I trust, of our mutual ming will remember, was: Will China with ambiguity. We must not tempt cares, labors and dangers. attempt to disrupt our Presidential aggression with weakness. GEO. WASHINGTON. elections as they did before? I urge my colleagues to support H.R. UNITED STATES, My answer was: I certainly hope not 1838, the Taiwan Security Enhance- 17th September, 1796. because it did not succeed before and it ment Act. The PRESIDING OFFICER. I thank won’t succeed this time. Opponents of this act have held this the Senator for his reading of the fare- Four years ago, China launched mis- out as being somehow bellicose, some- well address of George Washington. siles off the coast of Taiwan, hoping to how threatening. I suggest to all my f disrupt a cornerstone of democracy in colleagues in the Senate they simply read what the Taiwan Security En- MORNING BUSINESS Taiwan, its Presidential elections. That effort failed both because of hancement Act says. Our colleagues in The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under American aircraft carriers and the de- the other body passed this legislation the previous order, there will now be a termination of the Taiwanese people by an overwhelming vote of 341–70 ear- period for the transaction of morning not to be intimidated out of their free- lier this month. The Taiwan Security business not to extend beyond the hour dom. Enhancement Act will bring greater of 12:30 p.m., with Senators permitted Next month, on March 18, the thriv- clarity to our relations with Taiwan to speak therein for not to exceed 5 ing democracy of Taiwan will once and China by increasing military ex- minutes each. The first half of the time again hold Presidential elections, and changes with Taiwan, by establishing a will be under the control of the Sen- once again it seems that the Chinese direct military communications link ator from Illinois, Mr. DURBIN; the sec- Government hopes to disrupt those with Taiwan, and by reestablishing ond half of the time will be under the elections. Congress as a consultant in the annual control of the Senator from Wyoming, Just yesterday, China issued a new arms sales process—as intended and re- Mr. THOMAS. threat to democratic Taiwan. In an of- quired by the Taiwan Relations Act— Who yields time? ficial new white paper on Taiwan, the which at least, supposedly, governs our Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I suggest Chinese Government stated that: relations with Taiwan. the absence of a quorum. Just last month, General Xiong The PRESIDING OFFICER. The If the Taiwan authorities refuse, sine die, the peaceful settlement of cross-Straits re- Guangkai, the Deputy Chief of the Gen- clerk will call the roll. unification through negotiations, then the eral Staff of the People’s Liberation The legislative clerk proceeded to Chinese government will be forced to adopt Army and a former head of Chinese in- call the roll. all drastic measures possible, including the telligence said, ‘‘. . . we will never Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, I use of force. commit ourselves to renouncing the ask unanimous consent that the order In other words, ‘‘Negotiate or face in- use of force.’’ The irony is that this for the quorum call be rescinded. vasion’’ was effectively the ultimatum general did not make this statement The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without issued by the Chinese Government. while he was in China. He said this objection, it is so ordered. No longer is the bar set at a declara- Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, right here in Washington while he was tion of independence or occupation by noting that Senator DURBIN is not on being hosted by the Clinton-Gore ad- a foreign power; now it includes refus- the floor, I ask unanimous consent to ministration. ing to negotiate reunification—a dialog proceed up to 10 minutes. This reveals the irony of the situa- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without that was broken off by the Chinese tion. We have greater military ex- objection, it is so ordered. Government. This is, in effect, a blank changes with a country that points bal- check that the Chinese Government listic missiles at us than we do with a f has written themselves, making a sub- democratic ally. The State Department IN SUPPORT OF THE TAIWAN jective judgment on this new, ambig- prohibits our senior military officers SECURITY ENHANCEMENT ACT uous standard they have established. from meeting with their Taiwanese Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, I Taiwan is not a military threat to counterparts. Instead, the focus is on was deeply distressed with the news China, and no one in the world believes their Chinese counterparts. over the weekend of China’s new ulti- it is. If it is a threat, it is an ideolog- Isn’t it ironic. I was visiting—I will matum regarding Taiwan and the ical threat. A burgeoning Chinese soci- not mention their names—with leading front-page, above-the-fold story in the ety, less than 100 miles across the Army officials, some of whom had Washington Post today. I think the Strait, with increasing freedoms of re- served in Taiwan many years ago, and headline summarizes the situation: ligion, speech, and press—freedoms they pointed out to me the irony that China Issues New Taiwan Ultimatum: that are stifled on the mainland—the while they can hold talks with leading Delay in Reunification Would Spur Use of Chinese Government can’t stand this Communist Chinese military leaders, Force. shining contrast to its own totalitarian they cannot so much as go to Taiwan

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S655 and meet with the military leadership polka dot bow tie. Time after time, jority of votes taken in the Senate will in Taiwan, a democratic entity. election after election, the people in Il- relate to the budget process. It is only a matter of common sense linois turned to Paul Simon as Con- Indeed, as my colleague, the distin- that in the event of a crisis—a crisis gressman, as Lieutenant Governor, and guished chairman of the Budget Com- now more likely—we should be able to finally as Senator and bought the mittee, Senator DOMENICI, has pointed communicate with the Taiwanese mili- package. out, 73% of the Senate’s votes in 1996 tary—the people we may be called to Politics is a game of individual sta- were budget-related, 65% in 1997, and defend. tistics. We talk about who won, who 51% in 1998. It is no wonder—each year, Opponents of this bill claim that am- lost. In sports we talk about team sta- it is quite common for the same sub- biguity is good. But there is nothing tistics, but when it came to the Si- ject to be voted upon 3 or 4 times dur- ambiguous about the Chinese position. mons, we were dealing with a team sta- ing the course of the entire budget The Chinese White Paper even specifi- tistic. We knew that whenever Paul process. cally opposed the Taiwan Security En- Simon was there fighting for Illinois Despite the inordinate amount of hancement Act. and the causes in which he believed, time and effort that Congress will put I suggest we should not be ambiguous Jeanne Simon was right at his side. into fashioning a budget that will meet about our support for democracy in She had special passions and commit- our Nation’s spending needs in a fis- Asia, nor should we apologize to China ments to literacy and to education. cally responsible way, a veto threat for helping Taiwan to defend itself. She served as chair of the National still looms on each of the appropria- I believe China has made itself clear Commission on Libraries, and one of tions bills if spending does not ap- on the Taiwan issue. So should we. the last things I ever heard from her proach what the President wants. I thank the Chair, and I yield the was a call late in the session last year: At that point, high-stakes negotia- floor. Check on that appropriation for librar- tions between the Congress and the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ies. She was committed to it. President will ensue. In an effort to Chair recognizes the Senator from Illi- Jeanne Simon was the kind of per- avoid a Government shutdown—and nois. son, too, whom I trusted in terms of the blame that goes with it—these ne- f her judgment. She was honest and gotiations inevitably yield a spending forthright and you knew when she compromise that neither Congress nor TRIBUTE TO JEANNE SIMON stood up for a cause it was because she the President particularly likes, but Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I rise really believed in it. both agree is necessary. today on the floor of the Senate to pay How many people, men and women, It is a heck of a way to run a rail- tribute to a great friend who passed in Illinois political life were inspired road, but what is really unbelievable is away on Sunday. Her name was Jeanne and encouraged by Jeanne Simon over this whole process is repeated each Simon, the wife of my friend and the years. She has left a great legacy. year. former colleague in the House, my I consider myself to be one of the bene- I say enough is enough. It’s time to predecessor in the Senate, Senator ficiaries of that legacy. Now that she bring rationality to our nation’s budg- Paul Simon of Illinois. Jeanne Simon has passed away, we can reflect on the et process. passed away in the early morning fact that even as a wife and mother of It’s a fact that Congress spends too hours on Sunday in her home in a great politician like Paul Simon, she large a portion of its time debating and Makanda, IL, in the southern part of left an enduring contribution to the voting on items related to the Federal our State. State of Illinois and to the Nation. budget. Meanwhile, most other Con- She had been suffering for several Jeanne Simon will be missed, and gressional functions are not given months from a brain tumor, and the many in this Chamber who knew her proper attention. end was obvious when I last saw her a and worked with her on so many im- We need to reestablish our priorities few weeks ago. As Paul Simon told me portant issues will appreciate, as I so we may effectively do the work of when I called and asked if we could get have, what a great and enduring legacy the people, make sure that the Federal together: Her spirits are good. He was she left with her life. Government is running at peak effi- certainly right. We laughed over dinner I yield the floor. ciency and deliver value, which is qual- Several Senators addressed the and reminisced over old political expe- ity service for the least amount of riences and had a great time, as we did Chair. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The money. for over 30 years in similar meetings Chair recognizes the Senator from I believe we have an excellent oppor- and dinners. Ohio. tunity to do that this year. Jeanne Simon was an extraordinary One of the first bills I cosponsored person. She was one of the first women f when I became a Senator was a meas- to serve in the Illinois House of Rep- BIENNIAL BUDGETING ure introduced by Senator PETE resentatives. She was a graduate of Mr. VOINOVICH. Mr. President, 2 DOMENICI that would establish a 2-year Northwestern Law School and served weeks ago, the administration released budget—just like we have in about 20 as an assistant State’s attorney when its budget for fiscal year 2001—its last States including the State of Ohio. I very few women were involved in the and its biggest, totaling $1.8 trillion believe enactment of this bill, S. 92, profession, let alone as prosecutors. and proposing a whole host of new pro- will provide an important tool in the She met another young legislator grams. efficient use of Federal funds while when she served in Springfield, IL, a So begins our annual budget process. strengthening Congress’ proper over- State representative named Paul From now until September 30, Con- sight role. Simon. The two hit it off and decided gress will conduct dozens of hearings Because Congress produces annual to get married in 1960. Jeanne Simon and hold countless meetings, while budgets, Congress does not spend near- put her legislative and professional ca- members of both Houses deliver innu- ly as much time as it should on over- reer aside to become a wife and a moth- merable speeches and spend long hours sight of the various Federal Depart- er and to become a help mate, not just of debate over every subtle nuance of ments and agencies due to the time and at home but in the political career of the Federal budget process. energy consumed by the budget resolu- her husband, Paul Simon. Over the next 8 months, Congress tion, budget reconciliation, and appro- President Clinton was wont to say will consider a budget resolution, a priations process. when he was elected: America got budget reconciliation package and as Not only is this a problem for Con- two—buy one, get one free—in terms of many as 13 separate appropriations gress, but each executive branch agen- the First Lady and her contribution to bills—the latter only if we do not com- cy and department must spend a sig- the Nation. We felt the same in the bine those appropriations bills into one nificant amount of its time on each an- State of Illinois. Whenever we looked massive spending bill, as has been the nual budget cycle. at the Simon package, it was Paul and practice in recent years. Again, as my colleague, Senator Jeanne Simon and the kids wrapped up By the time Congress adjourns—cur- DOMENICI, pointed out in his statement in a very attractive package with a rently scheduled for October 6—a ma- on S. 92, the executive branch spends 1

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S656 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 year putting together a Federal budg- gaged in this process. Unfortunately, without blowing up the budget, with- et, 1 year explaining that Federal budg- the news reports that I have seen indi- out violating the principles of fiscal re- et before Congress, and 1 year imple- cate that there is not much support at sponsibility, and by prudent use of the menting the budget eventually passed the leadership level in the House for surplus. by Congress. such a bill. Democrats want to see—and Demo- Even the most diligent Cabinet Sec- I urge my colleagues in the House to crats are anxious to work with Repub- retary cannot keep track of all the reconsider their views on biennial licans on this—an effort to help the oversight he or she is supposed to ac- budget legislation, or in the alter- many seniors and families who are complish if they are trapped in this native, pass a better legislative pro- walking on an economic tightrope try- endless budget cycle. posal. Congress should not continue to ing to afford their prescription drug A biennial budget will help Congress come up with reasons why budget re- bills. We want to see meaningful tax and the executive branch avoid this form can’t pass, but find ways to make relief for married couples. What we lengthy process. Since each particular sure that it can. have to do is work together, in a bipar- Congress lasts only 2 years, a biennial It should be plainly obvious to my tisan way, to fashion that. budget would allow us to consider a 2- colleagues in both Houses—including I will spend just a minute talking year funding proposal during 1 year, those on the Appropriations Commit- about how serious this prescription while reserving the second year for the tees—that the annual appropriations drug problem is for the Nation’s older Government oversight portion of our process is not working. As I stated ear- people. job. lier, each year Congress ends up negoti- When I was home recently, I heard As chairman of the Subcommittee on ating a spending deal that is higher from an elderly woman in Yoncalla, Oversight of Government Management than Congress wants in order to avoid OR. She lives by herself. She lives in and Restructuring in the Govern- the Presidential veto pen. If we are southern Oregon. She has an income of mental Affairs Committee, I have ever going to get a handle on our debt, about $500 a month. When she is done noted that even though the General we have to end this bad public policy. paying her prescription drug bill, she Accounting Office conducts numerous It would definitely be in the best inter- has just a little bit over $200 to live on reports documenting Government inef- est of our Nation. for the rest of the month. She lives a ficiencies that need to be corrected, I believe this biennial budget legisla- long way from pharmacies, so she can- most GAO reports sit on the shelf be- tion, S. 92, is one of the most impor- not very well comparison shop. cause there is no time to conduct de- tant pieces of legislation we could con- She wants to know, why isn’t it pos- tailed hearings. sider this year. I will continue to press sible for this Congress to enact a pre- When oversight hearings are held, for its passage. scription drug benefit for her and for nearly everyone in the executive For my colleagues who are tired of others similarly situated? My view is, branch knows—from career bureau- the seemingly endless budget and ap- if we do not enact a prescription drug crats to Cabinet Secretaries—that they propriations cycles and are frustrated benefit for this person, she is going to need only weather the immediate at the inability to devote enough time end up a lot sicker and with a lot more storm when they are asked to come to to the oversight duties of their com- health problems than she has today. the Hill to testify. mittees, I urge them to join in cospon- That will be much more expensive to That is because once they answer the soring this legislation. I also urge my the taxpayers. criticisms that have been leveled in House colleagues to review the merits In addition, I recently heard from an these GAO reports, and explain how of the biennial budget process and act elderly couple from Baker, OR, who they are going to improve the situa- upon legislation as expeditiously as have to take a great many prescription tion, it is over; the worst has passed. possible for the good of America. drugs. After their monthly medication, Rarely do they have to worry about The point I am making is this. It is together they have less than $200 on followup hearings to make sure they time for this Congress to adopt a 2-year which to get by. They said in their let- have implemented the proper remedies budget cycle instead of the one we have ter: ‘‘That is not living. That is exist- because they know Congress just will had for too many years. It will help us ing.’’ not have the time to conduct future do a better job in terms of budgeting Colleagues, it is very clear that in a hearings. and certainly get us to do the oversight country as rich and as strong as ours, Unfortunately, that reality can lead that is so badly needed by this Con- we clearly are capable of doing justice to problems later on that impact public gress. to the vulnerable older people, such as safety or national security. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- the elderly folks I described from rural Last year, the Governmental Affairs ator’s time has expired. Oregon who are struggling to make Committee held hearings regarding Dr. Mr. WYDEN addressed the Chair. ends meet and cannot afford their pre- Wen Ho Lee and the security situation The PRESIDING OFFICER. The scription drugs. at the Los Alamos National Lab. I was Chair recognizes the Senator from Or- People ask us all the time: Can we af- shocked to learn that for 20 years we egon. ford prescription drug coverage? My have had a problem with security at f message is: We cannot afford not to the Department of Energy, and no one cover prescription drugs. did anything about it. But GAO knew: PRESCRIPTION DRUG One of these anticoagulant medicines they had released 31 major reports on AFFORDABILITY that helps prevent strokes in older peo- nuclear-security problems at the De- Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, similar ple might cost $1,000 or $1,500 a year— partment since 1980. to many of our colleagues, I have been certainly pricey—but you prevent that Congress needs the time to conduct back home in my State at townhall stroke with the medication and you proper oversight—including followup meetings. One of the very consistent save upwards of $100,000 that an older investigations—in order to make sure themes I heard is that folks want to person might incur in expenses for that situations like this do not repeat. see us address some of the key issues of problems associated with the stroke. Without having to devote the majority our time, particularly the economic What we need to do—and the Presi- of its time and energy to annual budget issues. dent has one approach; Senator KEN- bills, Congress will be able to make I have heard again and again—and it NEDY has another approach; Senator sure that the Federal Government op- is clear—that millions of senior citi- SNOWE and I have worked together on a erates harder and smarter and does zens cannot afford their prescription bipartisan basis—is bring these bills to- more with less. I am confident that the medicine. I heard again and again that gether and make sure we use market- Senate will pass S. 92—biennial budget millions of married couples are being place forces to hold down the costs of legislation—during this session of Con- shackled by this marriage tax penalty. prescription drugs for older people. gress. It seems to me Congress can fashion a Each one of these bills—the kind of ap- Regardless of the Senate’s actions on prudent, well-crafted bill that address- proach the President is talking about, passing this bill, I believe the House of es this marriage tax penalty and also as well as the approaches Senator KEN- Representatives needs to be more en- responds to the concerns of seniors— NEDY and Senator SNOWE and I are

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S657 talking about—each one of these ap- I further ask unanimous consent that see a doctor. What we did not cover and proaches makes sure the dollars we following the use or yielding back of was not necessary when Congress earmark for this program are used to time, the managers’ amendment be passed the act was prescription drug pay the prescription drug portion of an considered agreed to, the bill then be coverage. Now we need prescription older person’s private health insurance read the third time, and at 4:30 today drug coverage. It is a tremendous lack- bill. the Senate proceed to vote on passage ing in the Medicare program. You hear a whole lot of talk these of the bill as amended. We have had breakthroughs in the in- days about how the insurance compa- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without terim years in the pharmaceutical in- nies would not possibly be interested in objection, it is so ordered. dustry that are among the greatest ad- this. Of course they are going to be in- Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, I vances in medical history. Today, pre- terested in this. I have talked to them yield the floor. scription drugs alone have the power to from my area. They are anxious to see f reduce heart attacks by lowering cho- the Government in a responsible, pru- lesterol and blood pressure, using all dent program, for which I believe there RECESS kinds of drugs, including aspirin. Drugs is now bipartisan support. They are The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under such as Zocor, Mevacor, Inderal, anxious to see Medicare pick up the the previous order, the Senate stands Corgard, and Calan are great in low- prescription drug portion of a senior’s in recess until 2:15 p.m. ering cholesterol and blood pressure. private health insurance bill. Thereupon, at 12:42 p.m., the Senate These are lifesaving. Drugs can mini- With a lot of my colleagues on the recessed until 2:16 p.m.; whereupon, the mize death from cancer. These include Democratic side—and I know Senator Senate reassembled when called to Taxol and Tamoxifen. They slow the SNOWE and others on the Republican order by the Presiding Officer (Mr. progress of AIDS with AZT and other side want to address this as well—I in- INHOFE). protease inhibitors. They treat depres- tend to keep coming to the floor of the sion and mood disorders with Prozac Senate and keep reading these letters f and Zoloft. Bacterial infections can be and describing the circumstances of IRAN NONPROLIFERATION ACT OF cleared up, including ear and bladder older people who want to see this Con- 1999 infections, with a string of antibiotics gress enact meaningful relief for pre- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under called Cephalosphorin. We can reduce scription drug costs before we adjourn. the previous order, the Senate will pro- the possibility of organ rejection. We Medicare did not cover prescription ceed to the consideration of H.R. 1883, could not have organ transplants until drugs when it began. Right now, the which the clerk will report by title. they came up with something called senior citizen who does not have pre- The assistant legislative clerk read Cyclosporin. Now people can have kid- scription drug coverage is basically as follows: ney transplants almost routinely. subsidizing other people in this coun- Other transplants are becoming more try who do have coverage whose plans A bill (H.R. 1883) to provide for the applica- common. tion of measures to foreign persons who are able to negotiate discounts. That is transfer to Iran certain goods, services, or The Presiding Officer and I served in not right. It is not fair. technology, and for other purposes. the House of Representatives with a We can enact meaningful prescrip- Member of Congress who had a heart Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- tion drug coverage under the Medicare and lung transplant many years ago. imous consent I be allowed to proceed program in this session of Congress. He leads a very productive life. That is in morning business. Until we do, I and other Democrats are because of the pharmaceutical indus- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without going to keep coming to this floor, try. objection, it is so ordered. reading the accounts of seniors who are For migraine headaches, I am sure, facing these staggering prescription f Mr. President, you have, as I have, had drug costs they cannot afford. MEDICARE PRESCRIPTION DRUG family members who benefited tremen- I intend to keep working with Sen- COVERAGE dously from something called Imitrix. ator SNOWE and Senator KENNEDY, and People would go to doctors and use all my colleagues on both sides of the Mr. REID. Mr. President, my first kind of special pillows and heat and aisle, so the legacy of this session of elected job was as a member of the cold and all kinds of things, but what the Congress can be that we stood up board of trustees of then the largest has worked well is this thing called for a fair shake for the millions of vul- hospital district in the State of Ne- Imitrix. It really, basically, takes away nerable older Americans and their fam- vada, Southern Nevada Memorial Hos- headaches. ilies. pital. During the time I was on the For enlarged prostate, there is some- Mr. President, I yield the floor and board, we were gratified to see Medi- thing called Proscar. To treat arthritis suggest the absence of a quorum. care come into being because 40 per- pain, one wonder drug is called Imuran; The PRESIDING OFFICER. The cent of the senior citizens coming to for allergies, Caritan, Allegra, and clerk will call the roll. our hospital had no insurance. People other things. Allergies take tremen- The legislative clerk called the roll. arrived at the hospital with their hus- dous amounts of time away from the Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, I band, their wife, their sons and daugh- workplace. At certain times of the year ask unanimous consent that the order ters, and they had to sign papers agree- they can be debilitating. for the quorum call be rescinded. ing to pay the bill. If patients did not To slow the progression and control The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without pay the bill, a collection company pur- the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease— objection, it is so ordered. sued people to see that the bills were we have a long way to go; about 50 per- f paid. We garnished wages and made cent of the people in rest homes are sure the government institution re- there because of Parkinson’s disease UNANIMOUS CONSENT ceived the money to which it was enti- and Alzheimer’s—but we have made AGREEMENT—H.R. 1883 tled. some progress treating Parkinson’s dis- Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, I Approximately 35 years later there ease with drugs called Amatadine and ask unanimous consent that at 2:15 on are some problems, but of course it is a Deprenyl. There are drugs to reduce Tuesday, February 22, the Senate pro- great medical program. Now instead of muscle spasticity associated with mul- ceed to the consideration of Calendar 40 percent of seniors having no health tiple sclerosis. No. 375, H.R. 1883, the Iran Non- insurance when they come into a hos- There are things there we need to proliferation Act of 1999, and it be con- pital, virtually all seniors have some work on, but we are making progress. I sidered under the following limita- type of health insurance when they had a hearing a number of years ago tions: debate until 4:30 on Tuesday be come to the hospital. That is a result where a doctor said we are making equally divided in the usual form; the of Medicare. great progress, and indeed progress has only amendment in order will be a In 1965, when I was a member of that been made since then. managers’ amendment to be offered by hospital board, coverage was important Mr. President, 75 percent of older Senator LOTT or his designee. to pay a hospital bill and to be able to Americans, 3 out of every 4 seniors,

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S658 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 lack decent, dependable private-sector Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I ask unan- On page 11, line 25, strike ‘‘Russian Space coverage for prescription drugs, and at imous consent that the order for the Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and least 13 million Medicare beneficiaries quorum call be rescinded. Space Agency’’. have absolutely no prescription drug The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without On page 12, line 2, strike ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and coverage at all. That is wrong. That is objection, it is so ordered. Space Agency’’. why the Medicare legislation, which f On page 13, line 6, strike ‘‘Russian Space passed in 1965, needs to be updated. IRAN NONPROLIFERATION ACT OF Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and Many seniors, and especially senior Space Agency’’. 1999—RESUMED women, struggle to meet the rising On page 13, line 8, strike ‘‘Russian Space cost of filling their prescriptions. Why Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, pursuant Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and do I say women? Because, according to to the unanimous consent agreement, I Space Agency’’. the Older Women’s League, total pre- call up amendment No. 2820, which is On page 13, line 10, insert after ‘‘Service already at the desk. This is the so- Module’’ the following: ‘‘, and for the pur- scription drug spending for women on chase (at a total cost not to exceed Medicare averages about $1,200 a year, called managers’ amendment. I under- $14,000,000) of the pressure dome for the In- 20 percent more than that for men. In stand the amendment will be agreed to terim Control Module and the Androgynous many cases, seniors simply do not take and the motion to reconsider will be Peripheral Docking Adapter and related the drugs their doctors prescribe be- laid on the table. hardware for the United States propulsion cause they cannot afford them. AMENDMENT NO. 2820 module,’’. You do not have to be a doctor to un- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The On page 13, line 15, insert ‘‘credible’’ before derstand this is bad medicine. Without clerk will report. ‘‘information’’. On page 17, beginning on line 15, strike The legislative clerk read as follows: access to important medication, sen- ‘‘RUSSIAN SPACE AGENCY’’ and insert ‘‘RUSSIAN iors run the risk of developing com- The Senator from Mississippi [Mr. LOTT], AVIATION AND SPACE AGENCY’’. plications that require expensive treat- for himself, Mr. DASCHLE, Mr. LEVIN, and Mr. On page 17, beginning on line 17, strike ments and hospital stays. While some HELMS, proposes an amendment numbered ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Rus- seniors enroll in Medicare managed 2820. sian Aviation and Space Agency’’. care plans because they provide some The amendment is as follows: On page 18, beginning on line 1, strike drug coverage, we cannot depend on On page 2, line 3, strike ‘‘1999’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Rus- ‘‘2000’’. sian Aviation and Space Agency or Russian this option, and many of these plans On page 5, beginning on line 7, strike ‘‘No. Space Agency’’. are no longer around. The Medicare 12938’’ and all that follows through the pe- On page 18, line 6, strike ‘‘Russian Space managed care plans have found they riod and insert ‘‘No. 12938.’’. Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and cannot afford them, so they are drop- On page 5, beginning on line 9, strike ‘‘The Space Agency or Russian Space Agency’’. ping seniors. This is an unstable source United States’’ and all that follows through On page 18, line 10, strike ‘‘Russian Space of coverage because many Medicare ‘‘shall terminate’’ and insert ‘‘Prohibition on Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and managed care plans have decreased United States Government sales to that for- Space Agency’’. their drug coverage. The number of eign person of any item on the United States On page 18, beginning on line 13, strike Munitions List as in effect on August 8, 1995, ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Rus- beneficiaries enrolling in these Medi- and termination of’’. sian Aviation and Space Agency or Russian care plans is declining because the On page 5, beginning on line 16, strike ‘‘The Space Agency’’. promises are not what they are sup- President shall deny licenses and suspend’’ On page 18, line 15, strike ‘‘Russian Space posed to be. and insert ‘‘Denial of licenses and suspension Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and Prescription drugs are the largest of’’. Space Agency or Russian Space Agency’’. out-of-pocket health costs for seniors. On page 8 between lines 23 and 24, insert On page 18, line 16, strike ‘‘Russian Space On average, seniors fill 18 prescriptions the following: Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and (b) OPPORTUNITY TO PROVIDE INFORMA- a year and take 4 to 6 prescription Space Agency or Russian Space Agency’’. TION.—Congress urges the President— The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without drugs a day. Because of the high cost (1) in every appropriate case, to contact in and lack of coverage, one study shows a timely fashion each foreign person identi- objection, the amendment is agreed to that one in eight seniors is forced to fied in each report submitted pursuant to and the motion to reconsider is laid on choose between buying food and buying section 2(a), or the government with primary the table. medicine. That is drastic. One in eight jurisdiction over such person, in order to af- The amendment (No. 2820) was agreed seniors is forced to choose between ford such person, or governments, the oppor- to. buying food or medicine. Every day tunity to provide explanatory, exculpatory, Mr. LOTT. As a reminder to all Mem- or other additional information with respect this takes place in America. To make bers, passage of this bill either by roll- to the transfer that caused such person to be call vote or voice vote is to occur in matters worse, studies show that sen- identified in a report submitted pursuant to iors without drug coverage pay more section 2(a); and the 4 p.m. timeframe. We are trying to for drugs than those who have insur- (2) to exercise the authority in subsection accommodate Senators who have a ance. (a) in all cases where information obtained number of other meetings they need to Prescription drugs are a necessary from a foreign person identified in a report attend, but it will be either at 4 or 4:30 component of modern medicine, and submitted pursuant to section 2(a), or from at the very latest. Members will be no- our seniors are dependent on them to the government with primary jurisdiction tified, via hotline, as soon as the exact maintain a healthy, active lifestyle. over such person, establishes that the exer- time has been determined. cise of such authority is warranted. Mr. President, I rise in strong sup- This is something that has come about On page 8, line 24, strike ‘‘(b)’’ and insert in the last 35 years. The special health ‘‘(c)’’. port of this very important legislation, needs of our seniors are often those On page 9, line 11, strike ‘‘Russian Space H.R. 1883, the Iran Nonproliferation that respond best to treatment by pre- Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and Act of 1999. scription drugs. For millions of seniors, Space Agency’’. Let me say at the beginning, this leg- prescription medicines are lifesavers. On page 9, beginning on line 12, strike islation has always had strong bipar- It is time to show our seniors we are ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Rus- tisan support. It passed overwhelm- sian Aviation and Space Agency’’. ingly in the House of Representatives serious about creating a Medicare pre- On page 10, beginning on line 11, strike scription drug benefit, and I hope we ‘‘through the implementation of concrete last year by a vote of 419–0, and it has can work together to do that as quick- steps’’. always had strong support in the Sen- ly as possible. We need Medicare to in- On page 10, beginning on line 16, strike ‘‘, ate from Senators LIEBERMAN, FEIN- clude prescription drugs. including through the imposition of mean- STEIN, and HELMS—a very broad, bipar- Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I suggest ingful penalties on persons who make such tisan group. the absence of a quorum for one mo- transfers’’. I also have to acknowledge the co- On page 10, line 19, strike ‘‘Russian Space operation of Senator LEVIN, who has ment, and then I will call up the bill. Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Space Agency’’. been working with me on the man- clerk will call the roll. On page 10, line 21, strike ‘‘Russian Space agers’ amendment. I think it is impor- The bill clerk proceeded to call the Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and tant, we now go forward with this leg- roll. Space Agency’’. islation.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S659 I am pleased I have been joined in We know already Iran has been the Iran’s earlier success in gaining technology this effort by Senator LIEBERMAN, who most notorious state sponsor of ter- and materials from Russian companies accel- he is on the floor to participate in the rorism, including attacks on Ameri- erated Iranian [missile] development. discussion of this legislation. Senator cans, and we know Iran remains a Director Tenet also noted: LIEBERMAN is a long-time expert in steadfast opponent of peace between Russian entities continued to interact with nonproliferation and Middle East mat- Israel and her neighbors, and Iran sup- Iranian research centers on various [nuclear] ters, and he certainly deserves a lot of ports those whose violence is aimed at activities. These projects will help Iran aug- the credit for making this legislation undermining prospects for a genuine ment its nuclear technology infrastructure, possible. which in turn would be useful in supporting lasting peace. nuclear weapons research and development. The purpose of the bill is to express Some of our colleagues might ob- once again our deep concern regarding serve that they had elections in Iran The report also highlighted China’s the transfer to Iran of dangerous tech- last week, and I believe those elections development in their programs. For ex- nology, principally from Russia, China, continue now. It appears reformers ample, the report stated: and North Korea, as well as from other have been making some gains. That Firms in China provided missile-related foreign entities, and to recommend ad- may be the situation in Iran, and the items, raw materials, and/or assistance to . . . Iran. ditional steps to halt this deadly trade. relations with Iran will change as a re- Again, let me go into a little history. sult of that. Let me assure my col- I had occasion to meet personally This legislation passed the House and leagues that the danger is still there. with Director Tenet recently because I the Senate in 1998. The President ve- Those who are in charge of this nuclear wanted to hear what information he toed it, but, at the request of the ad- proliferation in Iran have a very strong had that he could provide to me and ministration, efforts were ongoing to grip on what is being done, and there is other Senators who wished to have a work with Russia. That veto was not very little likelihood they are going to private briefing about what is going on overridden. We did not vote on it. But let go of it anytime soon, in spite of in this area, and also to discuss the re- the hope that progress would be made what appears to be encouraging elec- cent U.S. counterterrorism activities. has not paid off; we have not achieved tion returns. In fact, one can argue Director Tenet reaffirmed that the the results we hoped for. You can say it that to continue to send a strong signal flow of dangerous technology to Iran was because they had changes in the against Iran’s acquisition of weapons of from Russia and China is, in fact, con- leadership positions in Russia. They mass destruction actually bolsters the tinuing and on a significant scale. It are trying to make progress, but the reformers in their efforts to change the has not dropped. If anything, it has be- fact is, they are not making progress approach of Iran, both internally and come worse. I urge those Senators who and this dangerous transfer of the tech- externally. have not had a chance to review this nology that could lead to proliferation While we are pleased to see what ap- classified record to go up to room S–407 of nuclear weapons continues. pears to be encouraging results—and I to get this briefing. It is a sobering re- This bill requires the President to re- think the Senate should express itself minder that despite the end of the cold port to Congress when credible infor- on that, and I will suggest to the war, serious threats to U.S. security mation exists of a transfer of dan- Democratic leadership we perhaps have and our critical allies around the world gerous technology to Iran. The Presi- remain. dent must also inform Congress wheth- a resolution acknowledging what has happened there and are hopeful about I commend Director Tenet and the er he has imposed certain penalties on entire U.S. intelligence community for foreign persons as a result of such what that may mean—I do not think by any stretch of the imagination that their heroic efforts to uncover the transfers. If such penalties are not im- truth about these dangerous transfers. posed, the President must report the should lead us to think everything is going to change immediately and we What makes the intelligence commu- reasons why he decided against taking nity’s successes so much more astound- this step. should not go forward with this very important legislation. ing is that they come in spite of sig- The bill will also create new incen- nificant denial and deception by Rus- tives for the Russian aviation and If my colleagues think about it, it is quite scary: Iran’s leaders, now and in sia, China, and others. space agency to cooperate with the Director Tenet’s report underscores United States in efforts to stem the the future, will be in possession of nu- the administration’s current strategy proliferation of weapons technology to clear-tipped ICBMs capable of reaching for dealing with this growing problem. Iran by precluding certain payments to Washington or Los Angeles or New I know they worked at it. I discussed that agency if entities under its juris- York. America’s security and that of this with National Security Adviser diction and control engage in such our friends and allies in the region will Sandy Berger. They have tried. They transfers. be unalterably affected by such a hor- Think about that. The United States rific development. acknowledged it has been difficult. is assisting the Russian aviation and Yet that day of reckoning is coming They have had to deal with changing space agency at a time when entities and much sooner than we prefer, unless people and the laws in Russia, of while under its jurisdiction may, as a matter something is done to stop the transfer their intentions, as they provide them of fact, be involved in transferring this of this technology and other forms of to us verbally, appear to be in the right dangerous technology to Iran. It is ab- assistance to Iran by Russia, in par- direction, the results are just not surd, and the American people would ticular, but also by China and North there. rightly be horrified to find that is the Korea. The administration had hoped that case. My colleagues will recall we have by engaging Russia, China, and North As I noted, this bill passed the House been working on this for 3 or 4 years. Korea in a dialog, they could persuade last September by a unanimous vote, We have tried mightily to be of help to those nations to cease and desist from and that vote occurred despite an ex- the administration in trying to put their provocative behavior. The admin- plicit veto threat by the President. The pressure on Russia in particular, but istration, I understand, did get the overwhelming bipartisan vote in the that strategy has failed to slow the Russian Government to take some House and the strong bipartisan sup- flow of this dangerous technology. steps, such as adoption of export con- port the bill enjoys in the Senate un- Let me point out what CIA Director trol law and regulations, but despite derscores the seriousness with which George Tenet said recently in a report this fact, not a single Russian has been the Congress views Iran’s continued to Congress on the proliferation of successfully prosecuted for transferring quest for long-range missiles armed weapons of mass destruction over the weapons of mass destruction or missile with weapons of mass destruction. previous 6-month period. In that re- technology to Iran. Not one. I repeat, I can think of few international de- port, Director Tenet wrote: the intelligence we get is it is probably velopments that would be as damaging Entities in Russia and China continued to growing worse. So action against an in- to U.S. national security and to sta- supply a considerable amount and a wide va- dividual, action against companies or bility and security in the Middle East riety of ballistic missile-related goods and academicians and professors, if there is as the acquisition by Iran of long- technology to Iran. anything in that nature going on, we range, nuclear-tipped missiles. The report also stated: do not see any results.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S660 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 Thus, it appears the Russian Govern- I also say to the leader, I think when today, and I have been privileged to ment either supports this clandestine the votes are counted in Iran, we work with him on it. I appreciate the transfer of dangerous technology to should consider a resolution congratu- broad bipartisan support we have on Iran or is unwilling to take strong nec- lating the people of Iran for what ap- this measure. As the majority leader essary steps to halt it. pears to be the moderate tone of the said, this legislation could have been The same can be said for the People’s election results. I think that is very stronger. It started out stronger when Republic of China and the Democratic important. That is a positive sign, as it we introduced the initial legislation, People’s Republic of North Korea; is a positive sign today that there ap- but in the process of trying to get therefore, I join with many of my col- pears to be developing in Russia a sta- something done, we modified it. leagues on both sides of the aisle in be- ble government. It still makes an important state- lieving that it is time to send a strong I extend my appreciation to the lead- ment to the world about the steadfast signal to the administration but, more er for the manner in which this meas- commitment of the Congress of the importantly, to Russia, China, and ure is moving along. On an issue such United States to do everything we can North Korea, and to other countries as this, we should not have acri- to diminish the threat of weapons of that may be contemplating the trans- monious debate. We have been able to mass destruction carried by ballistic fer of this dangerous technology to avoid that with the work that has been missiles. It sends a message to our Iran, or to Iraq, for that matter. done behind the scenes. That is very friends in Russia about the intensity of The message is simple: The Congress important. our concern about their part in helping and the American people are not con- Mr. LOTT. If the Senator will yield, Iran develop weapons of mass destruc- tent with the status quo. We are not I think it is important the Senate take tion. I believe it sends a message to the content with the dialog that produces note of the fact that for the first time Administration of the United States even more promises on the one hand in 20 years reformers may have been about the broad bipartisan support in and scant or no real reduction in the making some gains and that maybe in- Congress for tougher actions against flow of technology on the other. Some ternally and the way they deal with any nation, including Russia—with might say this bill is not strong the rest of the world things may whom we have a developing relation- enough, and I would be hard pressed to change in Iran. We hope that is the ship—if they are supporting Iran in the disagree with that. I would prefer it to case. development of this destructive capac- I ask that you join me in talking to be even stronger. After all, the bill pro- ity. vides the President with the authority Senator DASCHLE to see if we can craft A reporter stopped me earlier today to impose sanctions, but it does not re- some legislation that would express the on the way to the Chamber and asked: quire them. We may want to look at resolution’s views on this. Hopefully, Aren’t you worried about the effect doing that if we do not see some we can also take that up, if not today, that passage of the Iran Nonprolifera- changes. If we do not see some actions maybe later this week. tion Act will have on the Government by the administration, if we do not see I yield the floor. Mr. LIEBERMAN addressed the of Russia or in the Presidential elec- some actions being taken to impose tions coming in Russia? My answer, di- sanctions, then we may want to go that Chair. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- rectly, is no. But, obviously, we are all next step. concerned and hopeful that the forces I believe bolder action is going to be ator from Connecticut. of reform will take hold in Russia and needed, that this will not be enough. It Mr. LIEBERMAN. Mr. President, I bring stability and progress to that is a signal that is worth providing at rise to support this legislation. I par- country. But our first concern has to this time. Because of its strong bipar- ticularly wish to thank the majority be not what happens in Russia, but tisan support and because I believe it leader for his steadfast and very strong what we can do to protect the security will become law, I am willing to go for- support for this important piece of leg- of the American people in this country ward with it in this fashion at this islation. The majority leader has rec- and our forces abroad from the threat time. ognized the serious threat that the pro- The bill before us now reflects a con- liferation of ballistic missile capacity of weapons of mass destruction carried tinuing commitment in both parties to and weapons of mass destruction to by ballistic missiles. If the Russian take a tough stand in the fight against rogue nations, such as Iran, represents Government will be true to its own nuclear proliferation. to our forces in the Middle East, to our statements about working against pro- With this in mind, I urge the Presi- allies in the Middle East, and in the liferation, then there will be no prob- dent not to veto this bipartisan bill but not-too-distant future—maybe real lem for Russia as a result of the pas- instead to sign it into law as soon as it soon—to our allies in Europe, and, sage of this legislation. lands on his desk. heaven protect us, to the United States My colleagues have talked about Again, I thank Senator LIEBERMAN, of America, to our homeland. changes in Iran. The developments are Senator HELMS, and the many other We have talked a lot in this Cham- most remarkable in Iran. There is a Senators who are involved in the proc- ber, and outside, about national missile whole new generation of Iranians and, ess of crafting this important legisla- defense. We crossed a bridge on this if I am not mistaken, more than half of tion. I strongly urge a ‘‘yes’’ vote on issue last year, I think, with the bipar- it was not of age when the extreme Is- H.R. 1883, the Iran Nonproliferation tisan legislation sponsored initially by lamic revolution, led by Ayatollah Act of 2000. the majority leader’s colleague from Khomeini, occurred in the late 1970s. It Mr. President, I yield the floor. Mississippi, Senator COCHRAN. is a generation that appears to want Mr. REID addressed the Chair. But if we are now involved in an ef- reform, better lives for themselves, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- fort to develop a national missile de- freedom, better relations with the ator from Nevada. fense, does it not make sense to use West, and better relations with the Mr. REID. Before the leader leaves whatever authority we have to deter, United States of America. the floor, I say it is important that we, to retard, and, if possible, to prevent a Remarkably, in the midst of the very on matters relating to foreign policy, rogue nation, such as Iran, from devel- authoritarian government that came do as much as we can on a bipartisan oping the capacity to strike us and our into power in the late 1970s and has basis. I think moving this legislation allies? been there since, the Iranians have along speaks well of that. I am con- This is to me the other side of the continued to have elections. fident that the legislation will be American effort to protect us and our Here is the power of the people at signed. people and our allies from what, in the work again. Last Friday, apparently, I also extend my congratulations to years ahead, I am afraid will be the sin- more than four out of five eligible vot- the Senator from Connecticut, who has gle most serious threat to our security, ers came out to vote in Iran. I say, par- worked on this for a long time, well which is, the proliferation of ballistic enthetically, what an embarrassment more than a year. It is because of him, missile capacity and weapons of mass it should be to us to recall that in 1998, working with the full committee, that destruction. the last time we had a congressional we have been able to move this meas- The majority leader has been the election—our own, if you will, par- ure along. leader on the bill we are considering liamentary election—36 percent of the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S661 eligible voters came out to vote; only have been credible reports that Iran is and-weave progress toward shutting off one-third, as compared to more than in the process of developing yet an- Russian assistance to Iran for the de- four-fifths in Iran. They are apparently other, more advanced missile, the velopment of these dangerous programs expressing very broad support for the Shahab 4, which would have a range of is over. forces of reform. up to 2,000 miles, more than double the In addition to other sanctions, we Does that diminish the concern we range of the Shahab 3. We have some have focused in this bill on holding up have about what Iran is doing? Not im- basis for believing the Iranians are now extraordinary, as we call it, American mediately, unfortunately. Because the working on intercontinental ballistic funding for the international space sta- power is still exercised by a small missiles. tion to the Russian space agency, un- group of leaders at the top. Not by the If combined with weapons of mass de- less Russia takes sufficient action to reform-oriented, moderate President struction, these existing Iranian mis- halt any part it is playing in prolifera- Khatami, but by the religious leaders siles can threaten American forces and tion to Iran. This is our attempt to at the top who still exercise and con- our allies and friends in the Middle demonstrate the seriousness of our trol the agencies of foreign policy, de- East and, soon after that, as indicated, concern about this matter, even to the fense policy, and intelligence policy, our forces and allies throughout Eu- extent of stopping the funding of a pro- who still have the power to override rope and, of course, eventually, the gram that is not only important to and veto any of the acts, even of this American homeland itself. This is a us—that is, space cooperation—but im- new reform Parliament. frightening prospect, given Iran’s large portant to the Russians. The focus of our concern about Iran chemical weapons program and aggres- While we cannot expect to prevent all is that it has been our most implacable sive attempt to acquire a nuclear weap- technology transfers to rogue states, foe in the recent past and that it has ons capability. The American Govern- we do have the ability to check the been the single most intransigent sup- ment has made it clear that Iran is at- flow of some of it by adopting the porter of terrorism against this Nation tempting—in this case largely with kinds of sanctions in this legislation and our allies, a reality that remains China’s help—to reach self-sufficiency that are aimed at persons engaged in unchanged. in the manufacture and stockpiling of such activity. We are able and there- The thought that weapons of mass chemical weapons, though Iran con- fore must act to take measures against destruction, carried by ballistic mis- tinues to deny that charge. Concerns those governments that condone such siles, would be in the possession of this have also been expressed by authorities activity, whether or not they are orga- nation, effectively still controlled by in our country that Iran is seeking to nizing and abetting the transfer, or this small group of enemies of the become a nuclear arms state by at- merely looking the other way when United States, should fill us with the tempting to buy material for such their citizens engage in these activi- most profound fear and anxiety. weapons or by using nonmilitary nu- ties. It is from that fear and anxiety that clear assistance to build up its knowl- Senator LOTT quoted CIA Director this bill emerges. It is not the first edge about nuclear weapons. time we have expressed our concerns These programs in Iran can pro- George Tenet. Director Tenet has made about these developments in Iran. In foundly change the balance of power in quite clear that despite the noticeable previous enactments we have given the the region and strike a very serious shifts within Iran, it remains ‘‘the Administration the tools to try to ad- blow to our efforts to contain Iran most active state sponsor of ter- dress this problem, specifically in the until it becomes a responsible member rorism.’’ Iran’s support for dangerous Arms Export Control Act and in the of the community of nations, until the terrorist groups such as Hezbollah, Iran-Iraq Sanctions Act. But we were forces of change which are blowing so Hamas, and the Palestinian Islamic not satisfied with those measures and hopefully through Iran, even as we Jihad, through training, money, and the way they were being used, so we speak today, reach fruition and a weapons, has just not ended. There are passed the Iran Missile Proliferation change of policy. people in our country, people whom I Sanctions Act in 1997, a measure simi- I am sure most everyone in this respect, who continue to sustain the lar to this legislation we are consid- Chamber will look forward to a day belief, based on evidence they have ering today. when sanctions of this kind will not be gathered, that Iran was involved in the Unfortunately, the President chose necessary because a new government, 1996 attack on American service per- to veto that legislation. That is why representing what seems to be the sonnel at Khobar in Saudi Arabia, H.R. 1883 was introduced and why it clear will of the Iranian people, would though no definitive conclusion has passed the House overwhelmingly, 419– be in power in Tehran; a government been reached on that matter. 0, with every Member of both parties with which the United States of Amer- We have been engaged in a dialog who voted supporting it. ica and our allies could have construc- across a wide spectrum with our Since 1997, our concern about the tive and peaceful relations. But until friends and allies in trying to address problem has not diminished. It is wide- that time, the kinds of weapons capa- the issue of proliferation to Iran. The ly and reliably reported—this is why bilities that are being developed allow prospect of a nuclear-capable, mili- we are back with this legislation—that Iran to threaten, for instance, friendly tarily powerful Iran armed with bal- entities and people in Russia continue Arab States, making it harder for them listic missiles is clearly a threat to our to provide both technology and assist- to cooperate with the United States. national interests and to those of our ance to Iran to build these dangerous These weapons capabilities would raise allies; therefore, we must act to stop weapons. Iran has made worrying the risks to U.S. military forces in the it. The sanctions we are proposing will progress on its missile program, as the region and could threaten the free flow further stop the diffusion of this tech- majority leader indicated and as the of oil out of this critical region which nology and lead to a more stable Mid- intelligence reports, classified as they could, of course, create crises in the dle East. are, which are available to our col- United States, in Europe, Asia, and in I echo the words of the majority lead- leagues, clearly state. any other place in the world that de- er: The passage of this measure may I cite also an unclassified source. Ac- pends on fuel from the Middle East to actually encourage the forces of reform cording to the Congressional Research power their economies. in Iran which are now so boldly and in- Service, with help from Russians and It is self-evident and axiomatic that spiringly expressing themselves. It cer- others, notably North Koreans and Chi- we have to do whatever we can to try tainly does seem that those forces of nese, Iran has produced a Shahab 3 bal- to deter this dangerous capability, to reform want to have better relations listic missile with a range of 800 miles delay it, to retard it as best we can, with the West, with the United States. and tested it; on July 22, 1998, to be given the Iranian Government that Part of what we are saying to them is, exact. Although the first test was ap- now exists. Part of that is making this matters to us. You must stop your parently unsuccessful, the Congres- clear, as I believe this legislation does, support of terrorism. Stop your devel- sional Research Service reports that to our friends in Russia in no uncertain opment of these weapons of mass de- the Shahab 3 is now thought to be oper- terms that we are serious about this. struction, and we can develop a much ational and in production. There also The time for hit and miss, slower, bob- better relationship.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S662 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 The bill itself is simple and direct. It entertaining some of the changes that friends, you are going to be threatened requires the President to submit re- Senator LEVIN proposed. I think this is soon yourselves. ports to Congress on foreign entities a much better bill. I agree with him; I I thank the Senator for his charac- where there is credible information think enough time has passed to dem- teristically straight talk—although he that these entities have transferred onstrate that this may be the only is not on the Straight Talk Express. He certain goods, services, or technologies course left open, and hopefully it will is a straight talker in the Senate to Iran. That part of the bill would work. Chamber. I thank him for his support. apply to any entities anywhere in the In a strange sense, the Senator and I Mr. BIDEN. I wish the driver of that world, not just the Russians. It author- have had occasion separately and indi- express a lot of luck. izes the President to impose measures vidually, as the Presiding Officer has, Maybe what Mr. Putin, who is the against these entities, but does not to meet with members of the Russian Acting President and likely soon to be mandate him to do so. It allows him to Duma, members of the Russian Govern- elected President, it appears—maybe consider exculpatory material, mate- ment, and members of the leadership of we should send my mom over to see rial that argues against the guilt of the the various Arab states. I find it him. My mom had an expression, from entities. counterintuitive that they don’t under- the time we were kids, when you would And with an amendment that will be stand, quite frankly, that what is hap- do something against your own inter- adopted, submitted by the Senator pening in Iran and their quest for this est out of anger, or out of pique, or from Michigan, Mr. LEVIN, those enti- missile technology is literally a great- misunderstanding. My mother would ties will be given an opportunity to re- er threat to them than it is to us. It is say, ‘‘Don’t bite your nose off to spite spond to those allegations before any no greater threat to anyone than your face.’’ Well, we have a whole lot of sanctions are considered. Israel; nonetheless, it is an incredibly Russians seeming to bite their noses Finally, the bill prohibits these ex- significant threat to our friends in Eu- off to spite their faces. I find it abso- traordinary American payments to the rope, as well as our Arab friends. What lutely astounding what they appear to Russian space agency until certain is going on in North Korea is a threat continue to do. conditions enumerated in the bill are to China and Russia in the long term, The bill before us is called the Iran met. The purpose is to say to the Rus- not only Japan and South Korea. What Nonproliferation Act. That is the con- sians specifically that we keep seeing is going on in Iraq is a greater threat text in which we should talk about compelling evidence that entities in to our French friends—who seem to this, and I think we should understand Russia are supporting the development support Iraq against their own inter- this. The purpose of this bill is not to of these dangerous programs within ests—than it is to us. punish, but rather to restrain. The goal Iran. I am wondering when reason will that we pursue is not to invoke sanc- As much as we want to continue to take hold. I am a little bit dismayed, tions, but rather to make this a safer work with Russia on joint efforts in and more than a little bit miffed, by world for all of us, including the Rus- space, we will not do so if they are con- the ability of our friends, as well as sians. The means to that end is to tributing to this grave threat to our se- those who are not viewed as our close make this a world with fewer weapons curity. friends, to dismiss reality. What do of mass destruction and with fewer de- Finally, I thank Senator LOTT, Sen- they think? If Russia is worried about livery systems able to deliver weapons ator BIDEN, Senator HELMS, and others the radicalization of the Moslem popu- of mass destruction, notably long- on both sides who have worked to- lations within the former Soviet range ballistic missiles. gether to bring this bill to the floor, Union, the Trans-Caucasus, and other Long-range ballistic missiles are a where I have reason to believe it will places, why in the devil do they not un- curious invention. They are awesome, achieve strong support. I was pleased derstand that what is going on in Iraq, frankly, but they don’t amount to to hear representatives of the Adminis- as well as in Iran—if it does not take a much as a military weapon unless they tration indicate to some of us a short drastic change in course—is inimical to are armed with a powerful warhead. while ago that, though they may not their interests? Ironically, the second Now, the sort of long-range missile specifically support the bill, they largest former Communist state—the that Third World countries might build would not recommend that, in its cur- former Soviet Union—seems to be the —and that the countries I have men- rent form, the President veto it. I ultimate capitalist in this regard; but tioned are attempting to build, or have think we are on the way to making a they can’t add very well. This is, I built—those missiles cannot carry big unified statement, which is a construc- think, more about money than any- enough warheads to do much damage tive one, and which takes a small but thing else. Hopefully, as I will lay out with a conventional high explosive, a significant step toward protecting us, in my statement—and I don’t want to plain old bomb; they are too heavy. our children, and grandchildren from delay the Senator any longer—they The missile is not big enough, powerful the threat of weapons of mass destruc- will see the virtues of looking to the enough, does not have enough throw tion carried by ballistic missiles. West and not to Iran and Iraq for the weight to carry conventional weapons. I thank the Chair and yield the floor. source of their economic survival. At So the irony is that a country which The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. any rate, I thank the Senator very develops or buys long-range ballistic CRAPO). The Senator from Delaware is much for his leadership. missiles is all too likely, therefore, to recognized. Mr. LIEBERMAN. Mr. President, I seek weapons of mass destruction, such Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, before the thank my friend and colleague from as nuclear warheads that are lighter Senator from Connecticut leaves the Delaware for his kind words and the and have much more—no pun intended floor, I wish to thank him and ac- spirit of cooperation in which we have —bang for the buck than a conven- knowledge all the work he has done worked on this and on so many other tional weapon, or even potentially a over the past year or more on this matters over the years. I could not lighter payload, with chemical weapons issue. He has, in a sense, exercised agree with him more on what he said. or biological weapons on top of these some forbearance in the past when he There is an irony here. It is as if folks missiles. The irony is that as they de- thought it might have been more ap- in places such as Russia are still doing velop a long-range ballistic missile ca- propriate to make a stronger move, but what we sometimes criticize people in pacity, they are led inextricably—if because of circumstances within Russia our country for doing—going by a cold- they are going to be of any ‘‘value’’ and our bilateral relations and the war mentality. But it is a cold-war militarily—they move toward weapons hope—not expectation—that there may mentality heavily not only affected by of mass destruction with which to arm be a way to get this done, he has co- communism, but what the Senator has the missiles. operated. I think everybody should un- said, capitalism. So they are selling for North Korea has been trying to build derstand the reason this issue has short-term gains that, before very a nuclear weapon. Iraq has built chem- stayed so much on the forefront is be- long, will endanger them more than us. ical and biological weapons and is cause of his vigilance and his effort. I This is our attempt to say: We are in seeking a nuclear capability. They thank him for that. I thank him as this together. We are threatened by were close to building a nuclear weap- well, along with other colleagues, for what you are doing, but watch out, on a decade ago. Similarly, Iran has a

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S663 covert nuclear weapons program. Even listic missile programs, we also support that there are better paths to power the Government of Russia admits that. nonproliferation of assistance to Rus- and prestige than proliferating bal- Iran has also developed and used chem- sia. We continue to help Russia reduce listic missiles and weapons of mass de- ical weapons. Now, again, that is chem- its unneeded strategic weapons struction to Third World countries ical weapons that, based on the missile through the Nunn-Lugar program, pro- with unstable regimes. There is still technology they may have acquired, tect its sensitive nuclear materials, time to stamp out proliferation and to even if they have a range of 2,000 miles, help it find new careers for excess put the world on a more peaceful path, as my friend from Connecticut indi- weapon scientists, and improve its ex- but we must not and we will not col- cated, doesn’t get them to Washington, port control laws. Those are the laws laborate in sowing the seeds of global DC. It doesn’t get them to any U.S. ter- that are on the books, and should be destruction through proliferation. ritory. But it does get them to a lot of enforced, which would prevent any It is unfortunate that the Senate ac- areas of the world where our friends— agency or company within Russia from tion occurs only weeks before next in this case, the Russians—can be af- transferring usable information to aid month’s Presidential elections in Rus- fected. and abet Iran in their long-range mis- sia. The need to pass this legislation is We have to stop this as best we can. sile programs. not our fault, that is Russia’s fault. The world must move toward fewer We are helping Russia in other ways, Some in that country between now and weapons of mass destruction, not more as well, so this should not be taken in those elections may try to use our ac- of them. We have to reduce the number isolation. This is part of a continuum tion to stir up a nationalistic reaction of long-range ballistic missiles in the of efforts on our part to deal with the for their own political purposes in the world, not increase them. Unfortu- interests of our country as well as Rus- upcoming Russian election. That would nately, some foreign persons—and I say sia. The United States Government, be both unwise and ill founded. It is ‘‘persons’’ because that is the legal with the support of many in this body, also unfortunate that the House au- word in this legislation for officials or also continues to work with Russia on thors of this bill insisted upon trig- entities; by ‘‘entities’’ we mean the many other vital issues. We seek con- gering Presidential reporting and pos- Russian agency comparable to our tinued strategic arms reductions, sible sanctions based upon a very low space agency, NASA, or the agency in through the so-called START process. standard of evidence. In practice, how- Russia comparable to our Defense De- We support the sharing of missile ever, no President will impose sanc- partment, or institutes, or companies. warning data. We are working to pre- tions unless he is convinced that In Russia, institutes or companies can- serve the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, wrongdoing has occurred, notwith- not be separated very clearly from the the ABM Treaty, with an amendment standing the fact that the House stand- Government. that allows for—again, in Russia’s in- ard of evidence is too low a threshold. Unfortunately, some of these foreign terests—a limited ballistic missile de- Finally, I regret that this bill does ‘‘persons’’—in Russia, China, and North fense. Again, we pointed out that North not permit the President to authorize Korea—are deaf to the world’s call for Korea and Iran present a greater dan- extraordinary payments for work on nonproliferation and apparently tone ger to them than they do to the United the international space station, if deaf to their own interests. The coun- States. those payments should be needed, to tries or entities are so desperate for The United States and other Western protect sensitive intelligence informa- cash or so angry at the West that they countries also offer the investment on tion. Neither does it permit payments will risk Armageddon by helping Iran which Russia’s economic development to a sanctioned entity if such pay- build long-range ballistic missiles or depends. United States companies even ments are needed to prevent significant dangers to the crew of the space sta- even nuclear weapons. buy ballistic missile engines from Rus- As ironic as this sounds, this legisla- sia’s top design bureaus. Our American tion. I do not think either of those are tion is designed in part to save them companies are purchasing directly wise restrictions, and I hope these con- from their own destructive impulses. from Russian design entities. We are cerns can be addressed in conference The United States has imposed sanc- buying engines that they are pro- between the House and Senate. The important fact is, however, that tions at times on entities from all ducing, from which they are making the Senate action today is a measure three of these supplier countries. substantial money. Iran cannot begin not of anti-Russian sentiment, nor of Again, by the ‘‘supplier’’ countries I to match the power of the United any impulse to bully. Rather, it re- mean North Korea, China, and Russia. States to sustain and transform Rus- flects the depth of our concern and also sian industry. In other words, they will The United States has imposed sanc- our frustration over the increasing risk make a heck of a lot more money doing tions on entities from these countries that Russian and other entities will the right thing, dealing with the and is continuing negotiations with all recklessly open Pandora’s box, against of these countries to secure an end to United States and with the Western their own interest as well as ours. their assistance to Iran. While we may Europeans and Japan, than they will I earnestly hope that in the coming hope for success in the months or years ever make from selling technology to weeks, our President and the newly to come, however, there has been little Iran. I urge Russian leaders to think elected President of Russia can put us success so far. about that. back on the track of peaceful coopera- Today the Senate will vote to make I wonder, with all the chaos that is in tion to make this a safer and more the President list the offending ‘‘per- place in Russia, whether anybody at prosperous world. That is a real pros- sons;’’ to increase his powers to impose the top has ever really focused on this. pect for both countries, if Russia would sanctions against them; and to limit In pure unadulterated dollars and only accept that its profit and its des- United States support for Russian work cents, what is in Russia’s economic in- tiny lies in the West, not in the East. on the international space station if terest is to sell to the West rather than Perhaps passage of this bill will help any entities under the Russian Avia- to sell to Iran. If the choice is starkly to bring about such a reevaluation. If tion and Space Agency continue to as- made, which we are about to do, I hope so, then prospects for the new century sist Iran, which we have reason to be- they will focus more logically on their on which we have just embarked would lieve they have. alternatives. truly be improved. If not, it puts us on It is important to understand that This bill and the Senate are not anti- a perilous slope to more proliferation H.R. 1883, which we will shortly pass, is Russian, but we are manifestly anti- and colder, not warmer, relations. not an anti-Russian bill. Rather, it is proliferation. We will not tolerate vi- Mr. President, I yield the floor. simply and overwhelmingly a non- cious and venal persons plunging the Mr. SHELBY. Mr. President, I rise proliferation bill. Both I and the Sen- world into a new cold war, let alone a today in support of H.R. 1883, the Iran ate sponsors of this bill would like hot one in which weapons of mass de- Nonproliferation Act of 1999. nothing better than to have this bill struction would be a freely traded cur- As chairman of the Senate Select result in no sanctions whatever against rency of death. If Russia or China or Committee on Intelligence, I am in a Russia. North Korea should choose the path of privileged position to have access to While we try to crack down on enti- proliferation—and they have to some the volumes of intelligence informa- ties that assist Iran’s long-range bal- degree already done that—we will show tion gathered at great expense and

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S664 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 even risk of life by our intelligence sia and China.’’ Finally, Iran wants a H.R. 1883 gives the United States community. nuclear weapons capability. According tools to attack proliferation on the Sadly, this intelligence leads me to to the DCI: ‘‘Iran sought nuclear-re- supply side. the conclusion that our efforts thus far lated equipment, material and tech- The first tool is the light of exposure to stem proliferation have failed. As nical expertise from a variety of to scrutiny. H.R. 1883 requires the the Director of Central Intelligence sources, especially in Russia, during President to submit annual reports told me in an open Hearing before the the first half of 1999.’’ identifying every person that, on or Senate Intelligence Committee just Importantly, Iran is seeking an in- after January 1, 1999, transfers to Iran this month: digenous capability. Their pursuit of goods, services or technology on exist- Mr. Chairman, on proliferation, the picture WMD and delivery systems has lead to ing control lists or items with the po- that I drew last year has become even more a maturing indigenous capability. This tential to make a material contribu- stark and worrisome. Transfers of enabling means that the window in which we tion to Iran’s development of nuclear, technologies to countries of proliferation biological, or chemical weapons or bal- concern have not abated. can stop significant proliferation to Iran is closing rapidly. This means that listic or cruise missile systems. As a Particularly in the case of Iran, the the time to intervene is now. result, the Congress, the American peo- intelligence indicates that the pro- ple, and the community of nations will Some have suggested that the recent liferation of missile technologies as know who is supporting Iran’s efforts well as the technologies and expertise elections in Iran should lead us to to threaten peace and stability. We will to enable their development of chem- pause our consideration of this bill. I shine a light on those lining their bank ical, biological, and nuclear weapons, disagree. First, to the degree that the accounts by selling the tools of hideous continues unabated. newly elected Iranian legislators seek death and unimaginable destruction to Our nonproliferation efforts haven’t to constrain efforts to develop and de- Iran. The threat of public exposure failed because we haven’t tried other ploy weapons of mass destruction, I be- should serve as a significant deterrent things. They have failed because the lieve that this legislation will to those who contemplate proliferation tools we have used thus far have not strengthen such an effort. It dem- to Iran. been up to the task. onstrates the seriousness with which The second tool offered by H.R. 1883 The task is indeed formidable. the United States Congress views pro- is the authorization for the President Iran desperately wants these weap- liferation of weapons of mass destruc- to deny perpetrators of proliferation ons. We wish they didn’t. We wish the tion. Second, existing evidence indi- access to some U.S. trade. I highlight problem would go away on its own. But cates that we cannot count on the elec- the word ‘‘authorization.’’ The sanc- the evidence indicates that it won’t. In tions to bring an end to Iran’s national tions provided by H.R. 1883 are not the unclassified version of a report sub- policy of developing weapons of mass mandatory and exceptions are granted. mitted to me on January 21st pursuant destruction and their means of deliv- These tools, properly employed, will to a mandate in the Intelligence Au- ery. It is important to underscore that help stem the tide of proliferation to thorization Act of 1997—a report avail- former President Rafsanjani, consid- Iran. Are there costs? Yes. Some U.S. able to all Members—the Director of ered a moderate in Iranian political businesses may be called upon by the Central Intelligence stated: circles, was the very leader who initi- President to refrain from commerce Iran remains one of the most active coun- ated Iran’s pursuit of those weapons. with individuals that are shown to be tries seeking to acquire WMD [weapons of Indeed it was Rafsanjani who said that materially aiding Iran’s weapons of mass destruction] . . . from abroad. In doing ‘‘Chemical and biological weapons are mass destruction and missile programs. so, Tehran is attempting to develop an indig- poor man’s atomic bombs . . .’’ After But such a potential cost seems reason- enous capability to produce various types of he became Iran’s President, he is able to me in light of the potentially weapons—nuclear, chemical, and biological— quoted as saying: ‘‘We should fully far greater cost if we fail to act—the and their delivery systems. equip ourselves in the defensive and of- lives of American men, women, and With regard to missile proliferation, fensive use of chemical, bacteriological children. in his testimony to me this month, the and radiological weapons.’’ We cannot I urge my colleagues to join me in DCI reported that: expect that Iran will therefore give up supporting H.R. 1883 in a bipartisan Most analysts believe that Iran, following its pursuit of these weapons on their way, as our House colleagues did when the North Korean pattern, could test an own. This bill will provide additional they voted to pass H.R. 1883 by a vote ICBM capable of delivering a light payload incentive for them to do so, and we will of 419-zero. to the United States in the next few years. watch carefully for evidence of such a Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, And, he added, Iran could become not decision, but at this point, absent there are few in this body who have just a recipient, but a proliferator: strong policy on our part, we must con- worked harder on this issue than my While Russia, China, and North Korea con- clude that the policy of acquiring these friend from Connecticut, and it has tinue to be the main suppliers of ballistic weapons and their means of delivery been a real pleasure to work with him missiles and related technology, long-stand- will continue. on this legislation and on this issue. ing recipients—such as Iran—might become The Iran Nonproliferation Act is an The task of stemming proliferation suppliers in their own right as they develop important piece of legislation which domestic production capabilities. to Iran is made more difficult because seeks to halt the flow of ballistic mis- individuals and the nations from which Iran is not just seeking missiles, but sile technology and other weapons of also biological, chemical, and nuclear they proliferate have their own strong mass destruction from Russia to Iran. I weapons. Iran is seeking dual-use tech- motives for aiding Iran. For some indi- strongly support Senate passage of this nologies to further the biological war- viduals, the motive is money. But why legislation. fare program it began during the Iran- can’t we simply rely on the govern- Indeed, even as much of the U.S. Iraq war. Iran also wants to maintain a ments in which they operate to stop focus in the past year—and rightly so, prohibited chemical weapons capa- them? In some cases, governments are in my mind—has been on the peace bility. According to the January DCI too week to intervene. In others, the process and Israel’s relations with report I just mentioned, Iran, despite government looks the other way or Syria and the Palestinians, there may its commitment to give up chemical even promotes proliferation to Iran be- be no greater long term threat to weapons under the Chemical Weapons cause their leaders welcome the chal- Israel’s security and Middle East peace Convention, ‘‘has manufactured and lenge an Iran with missiles and weap- than an Iran actively seeking ballistic stockpiled chemical weapons, including ons of mass destruction poses to the missiles and nuclear weapons. blister, blood, and choking agents and United States. That is why I believe that preventing the bombs and artillery shells for de- We need the tools to offset the bene- the transfer of illegal nuclear and mis- livering them.’’ They have continued fits of aiding Iran. We must ensure that sile technology from Russia to Iran to ‘‘seek production technology, exper- there are financial and other costs as- must be at the top of the U.S. policy tise, and chemicals that could be used sociated with supplying the assistance agenda. as precursor agents in its chemical Iran still needs in its drive for weapons As my colleagues are aware, there warfare program from entities in Rus- of mass destruction and missiles. have been numerous reports over the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S665 past several years of Russian missile cooperate, incrementally raised again load to many parts of the United technology reaching Iran, sometimes in the coming years. Each launch pro- States . . . using Russian technology with a semi-official wink from govern- vides Russia with approximately $100 and assistance.’’ ment authorities in Moscow, some- million in hard currency. A $100 mil- Moreover, according to the Director times by rogue operators. lion carrot is a good incentive to co- of Central Intelligence, Iran ‘‘probably Either way, the Russian government operate. has achieved ‘emergency operational must put a stop to these transfers. The bill we consider before us today capability’ ’’ with its medium range As much as we want good relations recognizes that in addition to such car- Shahab-3 missile. In other words, under with Russia, cooperation in this area is rots, we must also be prepared to take President Clinton’s watch, Iran has ac- crucial. In some ways, I believe it is a tough action when necessary. The Iran quired from Russia and China the abil- litmus test of what sort of player Rus- Nonproliferation Act has two parts. ity to strike Israel and Turkey with sia wants to be in the post-Cold War First, it requires the President to re- ballistic missiles carrying chemical or international system. port credible information about any biological warheads. And the mullahs Although Russia has denied that any foreign entity providing dangerous are working overtime to develop the illegal transfers have taken place, it technologies to Iran and authorize the Shahab-4 and Shahab-5 in order to has taken some tangible steps in re- President to sanction these entities in menace U.S. citizens at home. sponse to American concerns—such as accordance with the President’s own In conclude now, in the absence of the cancellation of a 1997 contract be- Executive Order. fierce opposition to this bill from the tween a Russian missile factory (NPO Second, it requires that the Presi- White House this time around, that re- Trud) and Iran in which rocket engine dent must certify that the Russian ality has finally sunk in at the Na- components were to have been shipped government opposes the proliferation tional Security Council. The Clinton under the guise of gas pipeline com- of weapons of mass destruction to Iran administration’s nonproliferation pol- pressors. and is taking steps to oppose such pro- icy has been an abject failure. Bill Unfortunately, despite such progress liferation before the Russian Space Clinton and AL GORE will leave office as cooperation with the NPO Trud con- Agency is provided with any additional having subordinated nonproliferation tract, since issuing an Executive Order U.S. taxpayer money beyond what has concerns to business interests, the in 1998, the United States has been contracted for the International Space wishes to foreign campaign donors, and forced to sanction ten Russian entities Station. These are funds which the their ‘‘touchy-feely’’ personal poli- for continuing to transfer technology U.S. is providing to Russia so that Rus- ticking in Russia, China and elsewhere. for the development of advanced bal- sia can meet its own obligations to the The result has been an all-out fire- listic missiles and weapons of mass de- International Space Station. If Russia sale of deadly technologies by Russia, struction, and the Central Intelligence and the Russian Space Agency cooper- China, and others. Delegations from Agency reports that Russian entities ates with the U.S. on proliferation, Iran, Syria, Iraq, North Korea, Libya, continue to provide Iran with assist- then cooperation between Russia and Sudan, Egypt, India, and Pakistan are ance. Indeed, there are reportedly over Iran on the proliferation of advanced virtually tripping over one another on 10,000 Russians in Iran helping Iran ballistic missiles and weapons of mass their way in and out of various Russian with these programs. destruction must stop. If Russia and and Chinese firms. For its part, and despite some posi- the Russian Space Agency cooperates The Clinton-Gore Administration tive signs of moderation in Iran’s poli- with the U.S. on proliferation, then I will leave office: tics—the recent elections notwith- believe we can work in partnership 1. having allowed Russia and China standing—Iran has not yet moderated with them to increase commercial to sell dangerous commodities around any of its policies with regard to the space launch and to provide funding for the globe with no fear of sanctions or support of international terrorism or the International Space Station. consequences; the pursuit of advanced ballistic mis- But there are few things more dan- 2. having presided over the develop- siles and weapons of mass destruction. gerous or destabilizing to U.S. inter- ment of a North Korean ICBM capable Iran has flight-tested the Shihab-3, a ests and peace and security in the Mid- of dropping biological weapons on U.S. missile that can hit Israel and U.S. dle East than a nuclear armed Iran soil (according to the intelligence com- forces in the Middle East, and is con- which continues to support inter- munity, a Taepo Dong-2 ICBM could be tinuing to work on other advanced mis- national terrorism. And if Russia does tested any day now); sile designs, including those capable of not recognize this and is not willing to 3. having presided over the arming of delivering nuclear warheads. work with the United States to build a Iran, Syria, and others with nuclear, Because of Russia’s mixed record— more stable and more secure Middle chemical, and biological missiles; and Iran’s outright dangerous record— East, then we must not shy away from 4. having squandered its inheritance I believe that although we should try taking the tough action necessary to regarding Iraq by interfering with, and to build on Russia’s record of coopera- get results. ultimately abandoning, UNSCOM; tion, we must also be prepared to take Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, for the 5. having prompted India and Paki- tough action when the situation war- past three years the Clinton adminis- stan into an all-out nuclear arms race rants. In other words, we must be pre- tration has fought tooth-and-nail by trying to ‘‘strong-arm’’ the two pared to work with Russia on this issue against the legislation now before the countries into the Test Ban Treaty and offer them a carrot, but, if our in- Senate. The White House repeatedly (which merely prompted the nations to terests and those of our friends and al- claimed, in its attempted defense, that test); lies are threatened, we must also be the Lott-Lieberman initiative would 6. having lost all hope of getting the prepared to use a stick. undermine U.S. nonproliferation ef- START II Treaty ratified, which would To that end, last year I offered an forts, repeatedly asserting that they have banned MIRVed ICBMs in Russia; amendment on the Department of De- had Russia’s behavior in check, and 7. having imperiled the IAEA by fense authorization bill, passed by the that progress was being made. tying the Nuclear Nonproliferation Senate, which stated that it is the Well, Mr. President, we now confront Treaty to the poorly-conceived, poorly- sense of Congress that the U.S. should an Iran that has been armed to the drafted CTBT, which the Senate right- increase the quota on commercial gills with technology for ballistic mis- ly rejected; space launch services provided by Rus- siles and nuclear, chemical and biologi- 8. having destroyed the Missile Tech- sia if the Russian government dem- cal weapons. According to the National nology Control Regime by allowing onstrates a sustained commitment to Intelligence Officer for Strategic and Russia (a missile proliferator) to come prevent the transfer from Russia to Nuclear Programs, (who testified be- in as a member; and Iran, or other countries, of nuclear and fore the Foreign Relations Committee 9. having wasted half a decade of pre- missile technology. this past September), Iran is in a posi- cious time in deploying a national mis- I continue to believe that pending tion to test, within the latter half of sile defense to protect the United Russian cooperation this quota can be this decade, an ICBM that ‘‘could de- States from the consequences of their raised to 20 and, if Russia continues to liver a several-hundred kilogram pay- failed nonproliferation policy.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S666 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 We must all remember that the Clin- avoid congressional notification of ance from North Korea, China, and es- ton-Gore administration voted the DoD arms sales and to create license-free pecially, Russia. There is no doubt that authorization bill in 1995 because it re- zones. The result, if unchecked, will be foreign technology and assistance are quired deployment of a national mis- unfettered and unregulated trade in essential to Iran’s ballistic missile and sile defense by 2001, with additional weaponry, which cannot be seen as a weapons of mass destruction programs. protection by 2003. Because of the positive development under any cir- The U.S. intelligence community’s President’s reckless disregard for the cumstance. most recent unclassified Semiannual nation’s security, the U.S. will not Finally, the administration has de- Report to Congress on Proliferation ‘‘break ground’’ on a missile defense cided to support passively an Export states, ‘‘Iran remains one of the most site in Alaska until this summer, at Administration Act which would effec- active countries seeking to acquire the earliest. tively undermine all existing U.S. ex- WMD [weapons of mass destruction] At the same time, this administra- port controls and which would under- and ACW [advanced conventional weap- tion taught Russia and China how to cut what is left of the nonproliferation ons] technology from abroad.’’ evade U.S. sanctions laws while simul- policy which this administration inher- The type of foreign assistance that is taneously putting the U.S. sanctions ited eight years ago. Enormous sums of the subject of this legislation serves to determination process into a deep money are being spent all over Wash- increase the sophistication and rate of freeze. Not a single MTCR sanction has ington by various industry groups be- development of Iran’s ballistic mis- been imposed for Russia’s arming of cause they know how loose export con- siles. We must do more than we are Iran or China’s assistance to Pakistan. trols will be under this bill. doing now to impede its progress and, The enormity of this blatant disregard Ronald Reagan’s nonproliferation at the same time, prepare defenses for the law is stunning, Mr. President. policy is in shambles, Mr. President. At against the use of such weapons. What is worse, by promoting U.S. best, this administration has been The rapid development of the commercial interests at the expense of inept in managing such important Shahab-3 demonstrates how foreign as- national security, the Clinton-Gore ad- issues. At worst, the administration sistance accelerated Iran’s ballistic ministration has become part of the has co-opted and corrupted non- missile programs. The Shahab-3 is problem. proliferation policy on the basis of based on the North Korean Nodong bal- China’s nuclear proliferation has fund-raising schemes being run out of listic missile. But instead of simply been swept under the rug by Mr. Clin- the Oval Office. The damage to U.S. purchasing the missile as Pakistan did, ton in order to clear the way for the nonproliferation policy is so severe and Iran chose to modify the design of the nuclear lobby to sell reactors to the far-reaching, and the global results to missile with Russian and Chinese as- PRC. We must recall that, in 1998, date have been so catastrophic, that sistance and produce the missile on its President Clinton made a legally bind- the next administration is going to own. In February 1997, George Tenet, ing certification which no other Presi- spend the first four years just picking then Acting Director of the CIA, testi- dent could, in good faith, bring himself up the pieces. fied that with North Korean assistance, to make. But the Clinton-Gore admin- Mr. President, history will do worse Iran could develop the Shahab-3 me- istration was happy to oblige industry than recording this administration as dium-range ballistic missile, ‘‘in less and the Communist Chinese. having fiddled while Rome burned. It than ten years.’’ Less than a year later, In 1996 the Clinton administration will record these people as having set in January 1998, Director Tenet testi- pulled controls on commercial sat- many of the fires themselves. fied, ‘‘Iran’s success in gaining tech- I support the Iran Nonproliferation ellites because millionaire campaign nology and material from Russian com- Act. Its reporting requirements will donors wanted it. Unsupervised, un- panies, combined with recent indige- shed light on the fact that numerous scrupulous U.S. companies engaged in nous Iranian advances, means that Russian entities have sold their souls the transfer of very sensitive ballistic [Iran] could have a medium-range bal- to the Mullahs in Tehran by offering missile information to the PRC, in- listic missile much sooner than I as- that bunch of terrorists everything cluding information relating to the sessed last year.’’ Six months later, in they want for their ballistic and cruise MIRVing of ICBMs. The Congress tried missile programs, including nuclear, July 1998, Iran flight-tested the to shore up this fiasco by recontrolling chemical, and biological warfare tech- Shahab-3. An unclassified Intelligence satellites, but the Commerce Depart- nology. It will also prove that this ad- Community report released in January ment is at it again, having recently de- ministration has accomplished nothing of this year assessed that Iran has clared—despite the law—that it wants in the past several years of ‘‘talking.’’ achieved an ‘‘emergency operational reduced controls on extremely sen- That said, however much it might capability’’ with the Shahab-3. sitive items such as radiation hardened help, this bill will not solve the prob- Proliferation to Iran continues. Ac- chips and kick motors. lem. It is much too late to prevent Iran cording to the U.S. intelligence com- From 1993 until 1999, willful disregard from capitalizing upon the capabilities munity’s most recent unclassified for security at the White House and the it has acquired. Semiannual Report on Proliferation, Department of Energy permitted con- While it is not too late to defend our- summarizing proliferation that oc- tinued acquisition of the nation’s most selves, or to assist Israel, Turkey, and curred in the first half of 1999, sensitive nuclear warhead designs by others in defending themselves, it will Russian entities during the first six China. This was exacerbated by the fall to the next administration to re- months of 1999 have provided substantial foolhardy declassification of thousands construct a comprehensive non- missile-related technology, training, and ex- pertise to Iran that almost certainly will of documents by Hazel O’Leary, which proliferation policy and reverse the undoubtedly has contributed to nuclear continue to accelerate Iranian efforts to fearful effects of the past eight years. build new indigenous ballistic missiles. weapons capabilities around the globe. Thank you, Mr. President; I yield the Even now, the Clinton-Gore adminis- floor. * * * * * tration is contemplating sharing nu- During the reporting period, firms in China Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, the provided missile-related items, raw mate- clear weapons secrets with Russia in an proliferation of weapons of mass de- rials, and/or assistance to several countries effort to bribe them into submission on struction and ballistic missile delivery of proliferation concern—such as Iran. the ABM Treaty. systems continues to be one of the * * * * * Lately, the Department of Defense— most significant threats to America’s Throughout the first half of 1999, North once the bulwark against the foolhardy national security. States like North Korea continued to export ballistic missiles- weakening of export controls—has been Korea and Iran are actively pursuing related equipment and missile components, working ‘‘hand-in-glove’’ with the de- ambitious programs and the tech- materials and technical expertise to coun- fense industry and the Gore campaign. nology needed to threaten the United tries in the Middle East . . . The Pentagon is now looking for ways States. Unclassified reports from our This report to Congress also states, to undermine the Arms Export Control intelligence agencies indicate that ‘‘. . . economic conditions in Russia Act. Again, this is happening because these efforts have intensified. continued to deteriorate, putting more industry lobbying groups want these Iranian ballistic missile progress is pressure on Russian entities to cir- changes. There is an effort underway to largely the result of substantial assist- cumvent export controls. Despite some

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S667 examples of restraint, Russian busi- dresses many of these concerns. The an expectation that commodities nesses continue to be major suppliers managers’ amendment would make it should be controlled and monitored be- of WMD equipment, materials, and clear that the application of sanctions cause of their potential for contrib- technology to Iran.’’ under section 3 of the bill is discre- uting to nuclear, chemical, or biologi- Because Russian government offi- tionary, not mandatory. It would also cal warfare programs, or to ballistic or cials continue to show an unwilling- urge the executive branch to provide cruise missile development. That is to ness or inability to stop this dangerous notice to persons who may be subject say, this section covers commodities assistance to Iran, the legislation we to sanctions under this provision, giv- which should be controlled because of are considering should be passed to au- ing them an opportunity to provide ex- their physical or technological prop- thorize and direct more effective sanc- planatory or exculpatory information erties. This standard is consistent with tions. before such sanctions are provided. current United States export control North Korea’s continuing relation- I had planned on offering several practice and with various statutory ship with Iran is also of great concern. amendments to this bill when it came nonproliferation reporting require- Iran has already received sufficient to the floor, but because of the adop- ments. technology from North Korea to build tion of this amendment, I shall not do Mr. LIEBERMAN. I agree. a copycat three-stage Taepo Dong-1 so. I would also like to clarify a few Mr. KYL. Mr. President, I rise today ballistic missile on its own. Moreover, points with the chief Senate sponsors in support of the Iran Nonproliferation senior Intelligence Community offi- of the bill. Act. For the past few years, I have cials have testified that they expect First, the bill requires reporting of been concerned about Iran’s efforts to North Korea to continue to sell bal- foreign persons when there is ‘‘credible acquire the technology for ballistic listic missiles to Iran. Therefore, we information’’ indicating that the per- missiles and nuclear, biological, and must expect Iran to acquire the tech- son transferred specified goods, serv- chemical weapons from Russia and nology for the longer-range Taepo ices, or technologies to Iran. I under- China. Dong-2 ballistic missile when North stand that it is the intent of the spon- When reports began to surface in 1997 Korea begins its export. It is too opti- sors that the President judge the credi- about Russian missile assistance to mistic, given the North Korea-Iran bal- bility of information on the basis of all Iran, I met twice with Russia’s Ambas- listic missile relationship, to expect information available to him, includ- sador to the U.S. and the administra- Iran’s capabilities to lag North Korea’s ing both information that supports and tion’s special envoy on this issue to ex- for very long. information that undermines the con- press my concern about this dangerous There are several significant con- clusion that a covered transfer may trade and to urge the Russian govern- sequences of the continued prolifera- have taken places. In other words, ment and the Clinton Administration tion of ballistic missile technology to ‘‘credible information’’ is information to take steps to stop it. Iran. I’ll mention two. that would lead a reasonable person to I also gathered together a group of 99 First, this assistance will allow Iran conlcude—after consideration of all the Members of the House and Senate, who to develop more advanced ballistic mis- available evidence—that there is a sub- wrote to the President to urge him to siles faster, cheaper, and easier than it stantial possibility that a covered invoke sanctions to halt this trade. otherwise would have on its own. Iran’s transfer took place. Is that correct? The President refused. defense minister has announced that it Mr. LOTT. I agree. That under- Along with a bipartisan group of is working on the more advanced standing is consistent with the intent House and Senate Members, I went to Shahab-4 and Shahab-5 missiles, and of the House, which defined ‘‘credible the White House to meet with Vice information’’ as such in its report. the Iranians even claim that they are President GORE to urge the administra- Mr. LIEBERMAN. I agree. going to launch a satellite into orbit Mr. LEVIN. The second point that I tion to take concrete actions to end by the second half of 2001. According to would like to address is the use of the Russian transfers to Iran. Again the press reports, Iran’s Shahab-4 and word ‘‘timely’’ in the managers’ administration refused, citing the need Shahab-5 ballistic missiles will use amendment. It is my understanding to let diplomacy work. Russian engine technology, leading to that the intent is that, whenever ap- That summer, I successfully offered an Iranian ICBM based in large part on propriate, the President provide notice an amendment that was adopted by Russian technology. Diminishing this to foreign persons, or to the govern- unanimous consent to the fiscal year proliferation is essential to slowing ment with primarily jurisdiction over 1998 Foreign Operations Appropriations Iran’s long-range ballistic missile pro- such persons, in a manner that pro- bill barring U.S. aid to Russia if mis- gram. vides them a reasonable opportunity to sile assistance to Iran continued. In Second, Iran is bound to become a provide explanatory or exculpatory in- conference, the amendment was supplier of ballistic missile technology formation before sanctions are im- changed to give the President the abil- and expertise as its own program pro- posed. Do the lead sponsors agree with ity to waive this prohibition on aid to ceeds. CIA Director Tenet recently this view? Russia, which he subsequently did. made this point, testifying that, Mr. LOTT. I agree. In November 1997, the Senate unani- ‘‘Iran’s existence as a secondary sup- Mr. LIEBERMAN. I agree. mously passed a concurrent resolution plier of this technology to other coun- Mr. LEVIN. Finally, I would like to that I sponsored, expressing the sense tries is the trend that worries me the address section 6 of the bill, which re- of the Congress that the President most.’’ We are already seeing indica- quires a determination by the Presi- should sanction the Russian organiza- tions that Iran is no longer merely a dent that, among other things, the tions involved in selling missile tech- recipient of ballistic missile tech- Government of Russia has dem- nology to Iran. The House also passed nology. According to unclassified intel- onstrated a sustained commitment to this resolution overwhelmingly by a ligence community reports, Iran is as- seek out and prevent the transfer to vote of 414 to 8. Again the President re- sisting Libya’s ballistic missile pro- Iran of goods, services and technology fused to impose sanctions. grams. Press reports also indicate Iran that ‘‘could’’ make a material con- The Congress tried again to spur the is helping Syria and others develop or tribution to the development of nu- administration to action 6 months acquire ballistic missiles. clear, biological, or chemical weapons, later when we passed the Iran Missile The legislation before the Senate will or of ballistic or cruise missile sys- Proliferation Sanctions Act mandating improve our efforts to restrain the pro- tems. It is my understanding that the sanctions on any organization involved liferation of weapons of mass destruc- use of the word ‘‘could’’ in this provi- in assisting Iran’s missile or weapons tion and ballistic missile technology to sion is not intended to go beyond other of mass destruction programs. This bill Iran. I urge its approval. nonproliferation requirements or re- passed the Senate by a vote of 90 to 4. Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, I had a quire the President to consider remote Yet, when it reached the President’s number of concerns with this bill, as it or absurdly hypothetical cir- desk, he vetoed it. was approved by the House. I am cumstances. Is that correct? Instead of voting to override this pleased that we have been able to reach Mr. LOTT. That is correct. The use of veto, the Congress acceded to the agreement on an amendment that ad- the term ‘‘could’’ is meant to convey President’s request for more time to

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S668 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 let diplomacy work. The verdict is in clear weapons, when it ratified the Nu- serious about this matter and for my on that decision. Transfers of nuclear, clear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT), colleagues to vote for the Iran Non- biological, chemical, and ballistic mis- Iran has a nuclear weapons program, proliferation Act. Iran’s possession of sile technology to Iran persist dem- stating: nuclear, biological, and chemical weap- onstrating the Congress erred in decid- Iran is attempting to establish a complete ons, and the missiles used to deliver ing not to override the veto. While the nuclear fuel cycle for its civilian energy pro- them poses a clear and present danger administration has imposed so-called gram. In that guise, it seeks to obtain whole to the United States and our forces and administrative sanctions against a facilities . . . that in fact could be used in friends in the region. It is long past handful of Russian entities, it cooper- any number of ways in support of efforts to time that we address this threat. ated with the Russian government to produce fissile material needed for a nuclear weapon. Despite international efforts to cur- Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I suggest identify the target organizations such tail the flow of critical technologies and the absence of a quorum. that the sanctions would have no equipment, Tehran continues to seek fissile The PRESIDING OFFICER. The meaningful effect, completely under- material and technology for weapons devel- clerk will call the roll. mining the value of the action. opment and has set up an elaborate system The bill clerk proceeded to call the While I will not go into the same de- of military and civilian organization to sup- roll. tail here, let me simply say the admin- port its effort. Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, I ask istration has a similar record on Chi- In fact, according to the Washington unanimous consent that the order for nese proliferation to Iran, where it has Post, the CIA recently concluded that the quorum call be rescinded. failed to enforce U.S. laws calling for it could no longer rule out the possi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without sanctions, again noting the need to let bility that Iran is already capable of objection, it is so ordered. diplomacy work. producing a nuclear weapon. This is Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, I ask Since the administration would not terribly troubling in light of the unanimous consent to speak as in take steps to halt proliferation to Iran, progress Iran has made in its missile morning business. I offered an amendment to a supple- program. Earlier this month, Director The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without mental appropriations bill that the Tenet testified to the Intelligence objection, it is so ordered. President signed into law in May 1998. Committee that: f The amendment appropriated $179 mil- Most [intelligence] analysts believe that lion to accelerate the development of Iran, following the North Korean pattern, NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES U.S. theater missile defenses, including could test an ICBM capable of delivering a SERVICE REGULATION $45 million for Israel to begin pur- light payload to the United States in the chasing equipment for a third battery next few years. . . . As alarming as the long- Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, I want of its Arrow missile defense system in range missile threat is, it should not over- to read portions of a proposed regula- order to counter the increased Iranian shadow the immediacy and seriousness of the tion found on page 173 of the January 3, missile threat. threat that U.S. forces, interests, and allies 2000, issue of the Federal Register: already face overseas from short and medium As these examples show, the Clinton ‘‘[I]t is important that individuals alter range missiles. The proliferation of medium- their daily behaviors,’’ ‘‘and for govern- Administration is simply not willing to range ballistic missiles [to nations like Iran] mental entities to seek programmatic incen- take the tough actions necessary to is significantly altering strategic balances in tives, public education, regulatory changes, prevent proliferation. As a result, in- the Middle East and Asia. or other approaches.’’ telligence assessments indicate the Finally, Director Tenet outlined a problem is growing worse all the time. ‘‘Daily behaviors’’ are further defined as new type of proliferation threat from ‘‘Individual decisions about energy consump- In an unclassified report to Congress Iran in his testimony, warning that: tion for heating, travel, and other purposes;’’ last month, CIA Director George Tenet . . . long-standing recipients—such as and ‘‘individual maintenance of residences or stated; Iran—might become suppliers in their own gardens.’’ Iran remains one of the most active coun- right as they develop domestic production Those passages come directly from a tries seeking to acquire weapons of mass de- capabilities. . . . Iran in the next few years ‘‘4(d)’’ Endangered Species Act regula- struction and advanced conventional weap- may be able to supply not only complete tion for the Pacific Northwest proposed ons technology from abroad. . . . For the Scuds, but also Shahab-3s and related tech- first half of 1999, entities in Russia and China nology, and perhaps more advanced tech- by the National Marine Fisheries Serv- continued to supply a considerable amount nologies if Tehran continues to receive as- ice. The rule states flatly these are ex- and a wide variety of ballistic missile-re- sistance from Russia, China, and North amples of activities that could kill lated goods and technology to Iran. . . . Iran Korea. salmon or steelhead through water, air, already is producing Scud short-range bal- It is clear that meaningful measures, and ocean pollution, and that NMFS listic missiles and has built and publicly dis- ‘‘might or might not’’ seek to regulate played prototypes for the [1,300 kilometer- and not simply another round of feck- range] Shahab-3 medium-range ballistic mis- less diplomacy or a flawed inter- them as such under the rule. sile, which had its initial flight test in July national treaty such as the Com- Taken literally, if these rules are en- 1998 and probably achieved ‘‘emergency oper- prehensive Test Ban Treaty CTBT, is acted as written, National Marine ational capability’’—i.e., Tehran could de- needed to combat this growing threat. Fisheries Service could regulate how ploy a limited number of the Shahab-3 proto- Last Fall, the Administration accused often individuals drive their cars, type missiles in an operational mode during the Congress of undermining U.S. non- where and how property owners could a perceived crisis situation. In addition, plant or fertilize their lawns, gardens, Iran’s Defense Minister last year publicly ac- proliferation efforts in rejecting the knowledged the development of the [2,000 CTBT. But that treaty was unverifi- or farm crops. They could dictate the kilometer range] Shahab-4 . . . [and] pub- able, would have undermined America’s content of county zoning, public works, licly mentioned plans for a ‘‘Shahab-5.’’ nuclear deterrent, and would have done building, and road ordinances, and pos- In the report, Director Tenet went on nothing meaningful to combat pro- sibly even suggest limits on the setting to note that Iran continues to seek bio- liferation. of thermostats in homes or public logical warfare technology from Russia As I mentioned earlier, Iran along school classrooms, or the operation of and Europe and despite being a party with 191 other nations has ratified the public transit buses—all to protect to the Chemical Weapons Convention NPT, and thereby promised never to salmon. has ‘‘already has manufactured and acquire nuclear weapons. It is violating Washington citizens, and those in stockpiled chemical weapons . . . and this treaty. It is also violating the other Northwest States, would be the bombs and artillery shells for de- Chemical Weapons Convention and is asked to make a host of changes in livering them.’’ He also said that acquiring missile technology. All of their daily lives, but unfortunately, ‘‘Tehran continues to seek production these actions should trigger U.S. sanc- could be assured of nothing except for technology, expertise, and chemicals tions, but the Clinton Administration the certainty that a greater portion of that could be used as precursor agents has refused to take action. their tax dollars would fund the sala- in its chemical warfare program from If arms control treaties like the NPT ries of even more Federal bureaucrats entities in Russia and China.’’ and other nonproliferation efforts are to draft more rules and regulations of Finally, the report indicated that de- to be useful, they must be enforced. I this nature. This year, the National spite promising never to acquire nu- urge the administration to finally get Marine Fisheries Service is asking

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S669 Congress to fund 41 new employees just produce an on-the-ground science- throughout Washington have been to implement its West Coast salmon re- based strategy for prioritizing local working on their own plans to comply covery plan. habitat recovery projects. They came with ESA requirements. Many smaller Those proposals would represent a together, often disagreeing on other counties, however, simply do not have striking power grab by unelected bu- issues, but to work together on the the resources to meet the National Ma- reaucrats if they were absolutely nec- most productive salmon recovery ef- rine Fisheries Service process under essary to save whole species of salmon. forts—without the Federal Government the rules. They are nevertheless ex- But they are not. As I said in a letter telling them to do so. pected to scramble to come up with to President Clinton 2 weeks ago, the Then there are the successful efforts their own ordinances that will be ulti- Federal Government should be seeking of Long Live the Kings on the Wishkah mately reviewed and approved by the to encourage and promote incentives River on Grays Harbor County, where National Marine Fisheries Service to for States, tribes, and local entities low-tech, inexpensive habitat restora- ensure that they are ‘‘adequate to help and private groups to come up with tion methods helped double the returns conserve anadromous salmonids.’’ creative solutions to save salmon, not of natural spawning salmon there in 1 Aside from my concerns with the way make it more difficult for them. year. these rules are written, I am not at all And that is exactly what these rules A captive brook stock facility was pleased that the National Marine Fish- do. The rules go far beyond telling hun- built with $1 million in private funds eries Service has decided to refuse even dreds of farmers in the Methow Valley on Lilliwaup Creek on Hood Canal, and a modest extension of the public com- already the State of Washington has that they cannot exercise their water ment period, and has stated publicly looked to that success in restoring the rights to irrigate their crops until they that it wants to enact this rule by very most threatened local wild salmon have National Marine Fisheries Serv- July. runs. I can cite several more examples, ice-approved fish screens installed at Keep in mind, these lengthy, 20 plus but suffice it to say that local efforts their own expense, as the agency told page rules were only printed for the are underway, and we should congratu- my constituents in north central Wash- first time in the Federal Register late their efforts to proactively and ington last year. about 5 weeks ago. After tonight, the successfully preserve salmon. They would go beyond holding up the public hearings process will already Proposing regulations of this sort, at construction of bridges in Columbia the very least, would be putting the have been slammed shut. County or cities’ efforts to install stop That is why when I learned that the ‘‘cart before the horse.’’ The National regional director of the National Ma- lights, as the National Marine Fish- Marine Fisheries Service must come rine Fisheries Service had scheduled eries Service’s salmon regulatory proc- forward with concrete goals of how all five of Washington’s public hearings ess has already done. many fish they intend to recover In short, these rules, if enacted as on these lengthy and complex rules throughout the Northwest in areas proposed, would be likely to slow down within just a 7-day period, I asked for they call ‘‘evolutionary significant local salmon recovery efforts, rather more opportunities for citizens to be units.’’ This is something that Con- than ‘‘increasing people’s flexibility in gress asked the National Marine Fish- heard. Most of the five hearings were complying with the Endangered Spe- eries Service to do in an appropriations so full of interested citizens that not cies Act,’’ as the National Marine Fish- conference report last year. The Na- everyone could find a chair or be given eries Service publicly claimed in mid- tional Marine Fisheries Service was di- adequate time to have a face to face December. More Federal bureaucracy rected to determine and set numerical question and answer period with the simply will not help local communities goals for Puget Sound areas by July 1 very bureaucrats who want to have the and private groups protect salmon and of this year, and, by then, to set a authority proposed in these rules. While the National Marine Fisheries steelhead. schedule for establishing numerical I also notice that the National Ma- goals for all other areas in Washington Service recently agreed to two addi- rine Fisheries Service has proposed a State. tional hearings scheduled on the same narrow set of exemptions within the Why is this important? Well, very day and time, they flatly refused to ex- rules, which could make the enforce- simply put: How can you mandate tend the comment process, stating that ment of the rule arbitrary and unfair means, mandate lifestyle changes, be- ‘‘a longer extension to the public com- against those who don’t meet their fore you know what you are trying to ment period would not be likely to pro- stated criteria. The Oregon Depart- accomplish? In my view, having these vide any new information, and would ment of Transportation, for example, numerical goals is critical to guiding delay implementation of the rules, would be in compliance with the rule in the agency in any effort it makes to which the National Marine Fisheries carrying out its road maintenance ac- enforce 4(d) rules to protect threatened Service feels are necessary for salmon tivities on roads abutting streams, be- species. conservation.’’ It is disturbing that cause that agency agreed to implement Unfortunately, not only has the Na- while they are often criticized for special National Marine Fisheries tional Marine Fisheries Service failed being too slow to process permit re- Service-approved training for its road to provide the required numerical goals quests, when it comes to listening to maintenance crews. No such exemption for salmon species, it has yet to deliver people on highly controversial pro- exists in the rule for private land own- the actual funding to the State. Last posals, they can’t move fast enough to ers anywhere or the Washington De- year, Congress approved $18 million to enact them into law. partment of Transportation to carry on be provided directly by the National The National Marine Fisheries Serv- the same activities. Marine Fisheries Service to the Wash- ice owes the citizens of Washington and The people of Washington State real- ington State Salmon Recovery Board, the Pacific Northwest a more respon- ized the importance of not allowing en- so that the board could distribute sible handling of their duties to enforce dangered salmon and steelhead runs to funds for State and local salmon recov- the Endangered Species Act. Section go extinct long before any Federal ery projects, as well as fund implemen- 2(c)(2) of the Endangered Species Act agency told them they should modify tation of the Washington Forest and requires the National Marine Fisheries their own ‘‘daily behavior’’ as part of Fish Agreement, which was authorized Service to cooperate with State and the effort. The only ‘‘daily behavior’’ by the State legislature. I am disturbed local agencies to protect endangered that local salmon enhancement groups to learn that the National Marine Fish- species. I believe the National Marine are concerned with in Washington eries Service has not yet secured ar- Fisheries Service cannot fairly force right now is to restore salmon and rangements to distribute these much- rules and local and State agencies steelhead runs right in the streams and needed funds to the State of Wash- without first establishing the goals and rivers near where they live and work. ington. As a result, the National Ma- objectives requested by Congress last And they are doing it. rine Fisheries Service is holding up year. I renew the request made by the Look, for example, at the successful State and local efforts to comply with appropriations conference for the Na- efforts of the variety of agricultural, the Endangered Species Act. tional Marine Fisheries Service to pro- business, and tribal groups who formed Even without funding, several coun- vide the numerical goals and objectives the Skagit Watershed Council to ties and salmon enhancement groups for Puget Sound salmon, to provide a

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S670 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 framework for similar numerical goals around $30 a barrel, with few domestic carries over into other areas of energy. and objectives for the rest of Wash- producers reaping any benefits, and One example is the production of clean ington and the Pacific Northwest, and with most of our oil coming from off- coal. We have a lot of coal that is clean to establish performance standards for shore. There are few domestic pro- coal and considered ‘‘compliant coal’’ salmon recovery projects. And they ducers enjoying the rise in oil prices by the Clean Air Act. It has low SO2 should do so before they enact these because the Administration’s energy levels, and low emissions. But so far, rules. and environmental policies have just the Department of the Interior has I conclude my comments by noting about run them all out of business. blocked any sale of that coal, which that any proposal which would regu- That is sad. I speak not only for the oil lies right at the top of the earth. The late ‘‘daily behavior’’ certainly re- and gas industry, the trucking industry only thing that has to be done is to quires closer scrutiny than 30 days of and the transportation industry, but take the overburden off, mine the coal public hearings and 30 more days of also for all consumers. A case in point and reclaim the area. The result of this written comments. I commend those is that we are already witnessing a sur- inaction has been—and it will show up Washington citizens who are now work- charge being put on airline tickets; the later on in America’s power bills—that ing hard on local-based solutions to same thing will happen soon with rail soon we will face a shortage of clean protect salmon, and offer them my full transportation as well. coal and stringent emissions controls, and continued support for the success- When I take a look at my home State and all at once our electric bills will ful course they are taking to rebuild of Montana, fuel costs are at least 50 increase because we haven’t done a and restore salmon. I am concerned percent higher than they were just a very good job in managing our clean that the Federal Government, with year ago. We have cause for frustra- coal resources. rules drafted in this manner, would not tion. Montanans are at the end of the Secretary Richardson has testified help these on-the-ground local efforts. I line. I don’t care if you are receiving before the Senate Energy and Natural will continue to call on Federal agen- goods or shipping product, it hurts us. Resources Committee that clean coal cies not to dictate how best to accom- This is especially true for our number will be an integral portion of our Na- plish ESA compliance. I request that one industry, agriculture. We end up tion’s energy portfolio for the next 30 the National Marine Fisheries Service selling wholesale, buying retail, and years. But after they say that, they address the valid concerns I and others paying the freight both ways. One has have done nothing or they are unwill- raise regarding these proposals and to to remember that these costs have to ing to ensure that the political actions do so before they begin implementing be absorbed by somebody. This some- of the Department of the Interior do these sweeping regulations. body is generally the person least able not endanger the supply of clean coal. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- to afford it. Now we have to ask our- It doesn’t make a lot of sense. How ator from Montana. selves a question. Are we doing any- about hydroelectric production of elec- Mr. BURNS. Parliamentary inquiry. thing about fixing the root of the prob- tricity? Secretary Babbitt wants to be The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- lem? What are we doing to fix the root known as the first Secretary to tear ator may state his inquiry. problem we have in energy develop- down large dams that are placed along Mr. BURNS. Are we in morning busi- ment? some of our major waterways, and he ness or are we on a specific subject? Today’s rally of long-haul truckers offers no response when asked how we The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- underscores the reality that all con- are going to replace the power pro- ate is considering H.R. 1883. sumers and all producers are being duced by those dams. In light of the re- Mr. BURNS. I ask unanimous consent faced with fuel increases resulting cent action on the nuclear waste bill, to proceed as in morning business for from a failed domestic energy policy. the administration has also opposed the next 15 minutes. Prices are simply raising out of sight. any cohesive policy for nuclear energy The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without We have 26,000 people in Montana who management, instead desiring to sit objection, it is so ordered. are employed by the trucking industry. back and posture on the debate. Again, we see evidence of a failed en- They are being impacted by these in- f ergy policy. Today we see the truckers creases. Farmers are coming upon the coming to town, and that is just the tip FUEL COSTS planting season. They are facing higher of the iceberg. The Department of the Mr. BURNS. Mr. President, there are fuel costs which add to their uncontrol- a lot of truckers in town, protesting Interior has thwarted any attempts to lable costs of production. Costs of pro- reinvigorate the domestic gas industry. what they say is an unwarranted in- ducing in the agricultural industry They have closed vast areas of our crease in fuel costs that is putting cannot be passed on; they never have Outer Continental Shelf to gas. They them out of business. been in the past. It is a buyers’ market will release a statement saying they It really doesn’t surprise me. It and you sell for what they offer. End of fully support the natural gas industry, seems every year we come to the floor story. Just because our fuels costs go yet fail to deliver on any of the policies of the Senate to criticize the adminis- up, does not mean we get to charge to help it along. tration’s failure to implement a domes- more per bushel. We also aren’t faced The same has been done throughout tic energy policy that would support a with the luxury of turning a tractor off the Rocky Mountains. We have re- sustainable oil and gas industry. We and waiting for fuel prices to go down. serves of natural gas across Montana argue for tax relief, common sense roy- Mother Nature dictates when you that could be used to fuel this nation. alty collection, access to oil and gas re- plant, when you till, and when you har- There is a large supply, yet we cannot serves on Federal lands. We do this be- vest. She doesn’t care if diesel is 50 tap it because of the Department of the cause there are a lot of us who watch cents a gallon, $1 a gallon, or $1.80 a Interior and this administration’s pol- figures, and every day we can see that gallon. When the time comes, you go. icy seal it away development. we are growing more dependent on for- We have seen some improvement in I want to bring up one more fuel re- eign sources of oil and gas. Oil tradi- the livestock industry, but we have not lated problem we are faced with in tionally coming from the Middle East seen any kind of improvement in the Montana. In my hometown of Billings, and gas coming from Canada in ever in- grain industry. There again, with MT, we have three refineries. They creasing volumes despite large, un- grain, we get hit harder by energy produce gas, diesel, and other refined tapped reserves in America. I have been costs than anywhere else. petroleum products, not only for do- joined by numerous Senators from So far, the administration’s only ac- mestic use in Montana but also for the around the Nation in bringing those tion has been to send the Secretary of entire region, including eastern Wash- concerns to the floor. We have proposed Energy, Bill Richardson, to ask OPEC ington. We have to reroute a pipeline numerous pieces of legislation to com- to release more oil and reduce prices. that lets those products flow to the bat the problem, yet we have not been That tells me we are not in a very Spokane area, and it has to cross about successful in getting many of them en- strong bargaining position. That is up- 60 miles of Forest Service managed acted into law. setting when we could have taken steps public lands. This reroute has been vig- As a result, we are faced with what is to avoid our current plight. The prob- orously opposed by this administra- happening today: Oil prices are now lem of inaction by the administration tion.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S671 What happened? The Yellowstone The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. BUN- from other actors—North Korea, prob- Pipeline Company went to the Forest NING). The clerk will call the roll. ably Iran, and possibly Iraq. Service and said: Give us an estimate The assistant legislative clerk pro- One must mention that Intelligence for the reroute proposal. We have to do ceeded to call the roll. Community’s estimate excludes the an environmental impact statement. Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I ask possibility of social or political We want to do it right. This was back unanimous consent that the order for changes in those countries that would in 1997. What will it cost they asked. the quorum call be rescinded. change the calculus. Also, the missile Less than a million dollars was the re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without arsenals of these nations would be sponse from the Forest Service. Good objection, it is so ordered. much smaller, limited to smaller pay- they responded, let’s go ahead with the f loads, and less reliable than Chinese or EIS process and find a viable route. Russian capabilities. IRAN NONPROLIFERATION ACT OF Three years later, the Yellowstone At the same time, these remain a le- 1999—Continued Pipeline Company has paid $5 million thal and less predictable threat. Acute to resite those 60 miles of pipeline, and Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, par- accuracy is not required for missiles just a week and a half ago the Yellow- liamentary inquiry. What is the status tipped with nuclear, biological, or stone Pipeline was forced to pull the of the legislation at this time? chemical warheads. And the U.S. can- plug on the project because the Forest The PRESIDING OFFICER. We are not bank on rational actions from dic- Service refused to acknowledge that considering H.R. 1883 under a time tators like Saddam Hussein or Kim their preferred alternative was too ex- limit. Chong-il. pensive to build. A pipeline, the cheap- Mr. DOMENICI. Under that time At the same time that the threat in- est way to move fuel and distribute en- limit, can the Senator from New Mex- creases, global changes make non-pro- ergy across this country, now is in ico speak? liferation efforts even more difficult. jeopardy, if not dead. The PRESIDING OFFICER. If he Three specific aspects in the current The result will be that these 60 miles yields himself time. international security environment absent of pipeline will be crossed in an- Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I ask will impede U.S. efforts to control or other way. We are going to rail it or unanimous consent that I be permitted minimize this threat. truck it. We will probably have an acci- to speak for 7 minutes. First, Russia—hard currency starved dent, even the Forest Service’s EIS The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and heavily indebted—is a willing mer- documents acknowledge this. A spill objection, it is so ordered. chant—most notably of conventional will probably result—we have already Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I rise defense items, but the U.S. Russian had one at Alberton. We might also today in strong support of the legisla- sales are not limited to this. This legis- truck it. However, with energy costs as tion before us. This legislation is only lation attempts to address this aspect high as they are today, that will in- one of many important steps required through creating incentives for the crease the cost to consumers. It also, to counter the greatest threat to U.S. Russian government and others to im- in that 60 miles, exposes traffic to large security in this era—the proliferation plement and enforce stricter export semis on a two-lane road. Lives will be of weapons of mass destruction. controls on private actors or institutes at stack. The Forest Service has also I am not being an alarmist. I am in their dealings with Iran. acknowledged that, but continues to being a realist. The proliferation of nu- Second, North Korea and their No- forge along proposing an unbuildable clear, chemical, and biological tech- Dong missile sales are altering stra- route. The hazards to the public, and nologies and the means to deliver them tegic balances in the Middle East and the costs to the consumer, increase. present a growing threat to U.S. secu- Asia. While the administration’s new That is just an example of what this rity. This is a threat which we have strategy for engagement with North administration has failed to do to en- only begun to address in the changed Korea may retard developments that sure that we have energy prices that security environment of the 21st cen- require testing, such as reliability of are affordable and energy is accessible tury. long-range missiles, many suspect that to all Americans. Mr. President, I would like to men- the North Korean missile program con- So we feel for those truckers out tion three important aspects of the tinues and that its role as a supplier of there. We know what it is like to go problem as stated by George Tenet, the medium-range missile technology has down that road and try to deliver the Director of Central Intelligence, before not been addressed. goods to America in an efficient and the Senate Select Committee on Intel- Third, technology advances and rapid safe way, and to get the products to ligence early in February. international economic integration market in a competitive manner so First, Russia and China no longer alter and confuse the means by which they fall within the consumers’ reach represent the only missile threat to the the United States can control military of affording them. United States. The missile threat to advances of other nations. The list of Two years ago, we were buying gaso- U.S. interests and forces from other na- potentially threatening dual-use tech- line for around 85, 90 cents a gallon. It tions is here and now. nologies continues to grow. This is es- didn’t take us long to get spoiled, did Second, South Asian nations are es- pecially true of information tech- it? But now we find that through that tablishing doctrine and tactics for the nologies—command, control, commu- we usually have to pay the piper one use of their missiles and weapons of nication, and information tech- time or another. It is us, the con- mass destruction. The nuclear rivalry nologies, C–31, now comprise about 75 sumers, that will pick up the bill of a between India and Pakistan steadily percent of a modern military’s capa- failed energy policy. The administra- intensifies. The potential for mis- bility. But potential dual use is also tion will be gone, but we will be left calculation, misperception and esca- true of nuclear, chemical, biological, holding the tab. It is our economy that lation of the conflict in Kashmir is and missile technologies. will slow, and it is our families that high. The proliferation threat will remain will have to do with less. We see it hap- Third, the countries we previously our Nation’s No. 1 security challenge in pening today in our oil and gas produc- considered technology importers are the 21st century. At the same time, the tion. Let’s not see it happen in our now assuming roles as ‘‘secondary sup- United States will be most vulnerable electricity production. This economy pliers.’’ This compounds the prolifera- to this threat. As George Tenet, our we have been enjoying all these years tion problem and confounds our ability head of the CIA, also noted, U.S. he- could go away in a flash—just a flash. to control or defend against it. gemony has become a lightning rod for It takes a while for an administration’s As outlined in the most recent Intel- the disaffected. action to lead to a tangible impact, we ligence Community assessment of Bal- As Americans enjoy unprecedented are beginning the impact of this ad- listic Missile Threats, by the year 2015 prosperity, many in the world remain ministration’s failed energy policy the U.S. will not only face the ongoing disaffected. These disaffected represent today. challenges of large-scale missile a group who resent our power and our Mr. President, I yield the floor and threats from China and Russia. U.S. prosperity. Our success fuels the inten- suggest the absence of a quorum. cities will also confront a real threat sity of their claims and their feelings.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S672 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 The same forces aligned against our I hope my colleagues will join in en- ments in this area are the Health In- nonproliferation objectives apply to suring that every means of prolifera- surance and Accountability Act of 1996, terrorist organizations as well, wheth- tion prevention is pursued. I also invite which makes it easier for those who er state sponsored or not. A disaffected my colleagues to join in increasing the change or lose their jobs to keep their Iran, despite some moderating trends, means of our military laboratories to health insurance, and the children’s remains an active state supporter of provide for our national defense. Health Insurance Act of 1997, which terrorism. I yield the floor. makes their health insurance far more Terrorist groups will continue to in- Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I ask widely available to children through crease their destructive or their poten- unanimous consent that the vote on age 18 in all 50 states. tial for disruption through rapidly passage of H.R. 1883 occur at 11:30 a.m. Senator KENNEDY has for years, also evolving and spreading technologies. on Thursday, February 24. been a dynamic leader on a wide range Again, chemical, biological, radio- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without of other issues of central importance to logical, and nuclear agents offer cheap objection, it is so ordered. the people of this Nation, including means to achieve highly lethal terror. Mr. GRAMS. In light of this agree- education, raising the minimum wage, Acquisition of information technology ment, there will be no rollcall votes defending the rights of workers and may not only greatly improve a ter- today. their families, strengthening civil rorist group’s means for organization The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- rights laws, assisting individuals with and coordination and attack, these ator from West Virginia. disabilities, fighting for cleaner water technologies offer increasing potential Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I ask unan- and cleaner air, and protecting Social for massive, possibly crippling, disrup- imous consent to speak for not to ex- Security and Medicare for senior citi- tion of U.S. information infrastructure. ceed 10 minutes out of order. zens. This legislation is a small step, but a The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without I have not always agreed with his so- good one, in addressing the problem of objection, it is so ordered. lutions to our Nation’s problems, but I supplying WMD technologies to Iran. f have always respected his capacity for But we have much more work to do. We HAPPY BIRTHDAY, SENATOR TED hard work, his devotion to the causes must prevent, when prevention is pos- KENNEDY he champions, and his energetic ability sible, such as providing safeguards for to get things done. nuclear materials in Russia and con- Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, The Apoc- And although we have disagreed in trolling access to technology and rypha, or the Hidden Books, is a term the past, one time or another over the know-how as best we can and in as used to describe the books found in the years, Senator KENNEDY and I have many cases as we can. Alexandrine Greek Scripture (The come to be friends for a long time. We We must also find the most effective Septuagint), but absent from the Or- share many things in common, al- means to defend against such threats, thodox Hebrew Scripture. In the second though two more different individuals such as training and equipping police- book of Esdras is found the following in background could hardly be imag- men and firemen to respond to these Admonishment: ‘‘Now therefore keep ined. We share a love of history, of po- attacks and pursuing the best techno- thy sorrow to thyself, and bear with a etry, of the rough-and-tumble and the logical solutions to defend against good courage that which hath befallen humor of politics, and we share a love them. thee.’’ and understanding of this Senate and I believe the United States is not There is one Member of this body the singularly important role it was in- pursuing with sufficient vigor the who seems to have lived his life by that tended to play in this Republic. means of greatest potential against particular piece of ancient wisdom. Rarely have I been more touched missile threats. For example, directed That Member to whom I refer is the than when TED personally delivered 80 energy technologies represent the next senior Senator from the State of Mas- long-stemmed roses to my office in re- revolutionary step in military tech- sachusetts, EDWARD M. KENNEDY. membrance of my 80th birthday, 2 nologies. Laser technologies in par- The saga of the Kennedy family is years ago. It was a memorable moment ticular dramatically alter U.S. poten- well known by nearly everyone. It is a for me. tial to counter a missile attack. Mis- story replete with triumphs and Through all the triumphs and trage- sile defense at the speed of light will unfathomable tragedies. Many times, I dies, through all the hard work, the improve effectiveness and efficiency, have marveled, at the resilience dis- disappointments, and the hard knocks substantially reducing the cost-per-kill played by TED KENNEDY and by his that always accompany a long political ratios. family. Somehow they always manage career, Senator KENNEDY has retained Despite this understanding, the budg- to regroup, to prevail, to go on, even in a young man’s zeal for life, for service, et of the President cut the airborne the face of devastation. for laughter, and for achievement. I be- laser program $92 million. In addition, I believe they find their strength in lieve that his shadow will loom large the defense budget reduced science and the love of each other, and in their when the history of this body is writ- technology spending, according to our unstinting devotion to public service. ten in future years. Already, the sum first estimates, by more than $1 billion. Senator TED KENNEDY is absolutely total of his legislative achievements is It is not easy to understand. The ad- committed to public service. enormous, and he is still as active, as ministration proposes sacrificing the He has served and served wisely and energetic and as committed as ever. potential of real defense against pro- well in the United States for 38 years. Fortunately, for this body and for the liferation threats, although it seems First elected to the Senate in 1962, TED Nation, we can expect many, many very clearly to be a shortsighted ap- KENNEDY is now the third most senior more years of loyal and distinguished proach. Member of this body. service from the senior Senator from I have been working as hard as I can, A child of privilege, educated at Har- the Bay State. and in some instances at the forefront, vard and the University of Virginia So today on the birthday of my on some prevention efforts, especially Law School, TED KENNEDY could have friend, TED KENNEDY, I rise to salute with respect to proliferation threats taken the easier path in life. But in- his courage, his work, his resiliency, from Russia. I hope this year for stead TED KENNEDY came to the Senate and his extraordinary friendship and stepped up measures of prevention, es- to work. And the causes he has cham- kindness to me. pecially regarding the threat of nuclear pioned and put his broad shoulder to And I offer to him this day one of proliferation in the form of the brain the wheel to support, are for the most those famous, certainly very lyrical of drain from Russia. At the same time, part, the causes that benefit the little Irish blessings: where I can, I will put on a full court people—the poor, the downtrodden, the press to improve the science and tech- children in our society. May the road rise to meet you, May the wind be always at your back, nology budget for the Pentagon, espe- Senator KENNEDY has been an May the sun shine warm upon your face, cially as it pertains to the most prom- unstinting warrior in the effort to en- May the rain fall softly upon your fertile ising means of missile defense and di- sure quality health care to the citizens fields. rected energy. of the Nation. Two recent achieve- And, until we meet again,

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S673 May God hold you in the palm of His hand. arms from Iran to Hezbollah, were un- ers who are providing Iran the where- Mr. President, I suggest the absence dertaken primarily to derail the peace withal to obtain weapons of mass de- of a quorum. process. After all, Israel has already struction and the missiles to deliver The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. GOR- committed itself to withdraw from them. TON). The clerk will call the roll. Lebanon by July. It goes a step further. Over the past The assistant legislative clerk pro- Even more worrisome is Iran’s effort few years, the Russians have been un- ceeded to call the roll. to acquire weapons of mass destruction able to meet their limited financial ob- Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I ask and the missiles to be able to deliver ligations to the creation of the inter- unanimous consent that the order for them. The administration has already national space station, so we have been the quorum call be rescinded. sanctioned 10 Russian entities for pro- helping them out, paying part of their The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without viding dangerous technologies to Iran funding in addition to our own, consid- objection, it is so ordered. but readily admits that the flow con- erably larger, space station obliga- tinues. Thousands of Russian scientists tions. As it happens, the recipient of f and technicians are at work in Iran this money, the Russian Space Agency, MORNING BUSINESS helping these efforts. This remains the their NASA, is also the Russian gov- Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I now fact today. ernmental entity with jurisdiction over ask unanimous consent there be a pe- Iran has already flight-tested a mis- any entity in Russia dealing with mis- riod for the transaction of routine sile capable of reaching Israel and is sile technology. Therefore, this legislation requires morning business with Senators per- working on longer range missiles capa- the President to certify three things mitted to speak for up to 10 minutes ble of carrying nuclear warheads. Fact. Under the guise of peaceful nuclear before we can continue to pay the Rus- each. energy development, Iran is spending sian share of the space station: That it The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without billions to develop a nuclear infra- is Russian policy to stop proliferation objection, it is so ordered. structure. Iran, a country rich in both to Iran, that they are taking the steps Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I suggest oil and natural gas, needs to develop necessary to prevent the proliferation, the absence of a quorum. nuclear energy about as much as Alas- and that no entity under the jurisdic- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ka needs artificial snowmaking ma- tion of the Russian space station is co- clerk will call the roll. chines. operating with the Iranian missile pro- The assistant legislative clerk pro- The picture gets worse. CIA Director gram. ceeded to call the roll. Tenet, in testimony before the Armed If we are going to pay Russian obliga- Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I Services Committee earlier this tions, then we have the right to sug- ask unanimous consent that the order month, forecast the possibility that gest they must do everything they can for the quorum call be rescinded. Iran might become a supplier in its to stop the proliferation to Iran—some- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. own right of missile technology as it thing that threatens not only America SMITH of Oregon). Without objection, it develops its own indigenous production and our friends but, ultimately, Russia is so ordered. capability. Fact. as well. It cannot be in Russia’s inter- f Those are the facts. Iran is getting ests to have a nuclear-armed Iran sit- this dangerous technology from North ting on its borders. IRAN NONPROLIFERATION ACT OF Korea and China, but its primary Some may say, with the recent elec- 1999—Continued source remains Russia. Russian enti- tions in Iran in which the moderates Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I ties have assisted Iran in the develop- appear to have done very well, indeed rise to speak on the Iran Nonprolifera- ment of a missile capable of hitting this is not the time to push this legis- tion Act. I note, as many do, the en- Israel. They are also the main tech- lation. Unfortunately, as I pointed out couraging election results that hap- nology sources for a longer range mis- earlier, even under the reportedly mod- pened this past week within Iran. I say sile, the Kosar, that could hit the heart erate President Khatami over the last encouraging because perhaps that of Europe with nuclear warheads. Fact. 21⁄2 years, Iranian support for terrorism country is moving towards a more open The Russian Government has also and its weapons technology acquisition policy, a better policy of engagement signed peaceful nuclear cooperation have not diminished. Those facts re- with the rest of the world and the agreements with Iran to build nuclear main. United States. power reactors. Iran is reportedly using Hard-liners remain in charge of Ira- I want to point out some facts and this legal cooperation to make clandes- nian security and foreign policy; they some reasons that this act should be tine efforts to procure nuclear material will after this election, as well. It may passed. Iran remains a danger to the and to develop the ability to produce be that at some point in the future Ira- United States and to our friends in the weapons-grade nuclear material on its nian moderates may seek a different Middle East, particularly to Israel. It own. course. They have not to date. But for is a fact. The administration sought to get the now, they have neither the ability nor Iran continues as the largest state Russian Government to stop this flow, necessarily the interest. They appear supporter of international terrorism, and the Russians have taken some much more interested in reforming Ira- the bankroller of munitions supplied to steps. They have passed legislation to nian domestic policy than in all of Hezbollah in Lebanon and to Islamic create an export control regime, for ex- these problems they are creating inter- Jihad and Hamas. It is still opposed to ample, but they have done little to en- nationally. That means we cannot let the Israeli peace process and to peace force it. Not one Russian has been con- down our guard. We must do every- under any circumstances with Israel. victed of passing dangerous technology thing we can to stop the flow of tech- Those are all the facts, and they re- to Iran. Not a single Russian has been nology, to raise the cost of developing main the facts, in spite of the fact that convicted under this law. weapons of mass destruction, and to a so-called moderate President That is why we must keep the heat delay the time at which Iran could Khatami has been in power in Iran for on. This legislation requires the Presi- have such a capability. 21⁄2 years. I know some would say he dent to report to Congress, in a classi- This is the purpose of this legislation does not have full control, and he fied form if he deems it necessary, and why I strongly urge its adoption. doesn’t, nor will he after these elec- credible information on any entity While the timing of this legislation tions. This will remain the factual sit- anywhere in the world that is pro- may not seem the best, perhaps it is uation even after this election. viding Iran with dangerous technology. the absolute right time. We need to I don’t think the United States It then authorizes him to sanction make clear to the Iranian people, par- should act on hope but on fact. The re- those entities. If he chose not to, he ticularly their leadership on foreign cent Hezbollah attacks on Israeli sol- would then report to Congress on his policy and these terrorist items, that diers could not have happened without rationale for not sanctioning. So, in this is unacceptable behavior for them Iranian approval. Those attacks, made the first instance, this legislation cap- and for the rest of the world to have to possible by the continued funneling of tures China, North Korea, and any oth- tolerate. The development of these

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S674 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 weapons, the sponsorship of terrorism, I have indicated, and growing. It is our fice, U.S. crude oil production has fall- the development of the missile capac- own Government’s policies, or lack of en by 17 percent, and during that pe- ity that could so threaten its neighbors policies, both local and national, that riod U.S. consumption of oil has gone and much of Europe is not responsible have handicapped our domestic indus- up 14 percent. Why? Some people drive behavior. This is something we cannot try. The result is consumers from New bigger cars than they used to. Some tolerate, and we are sending that clear York to Oregon are paying the price. people like air-conditioning. Some peo- message at this time. The truckers who are in Washington ple get on that jet airplane. I suggest the absence of a quorum. today, are paying the price, but not What has happened to the industry? The PRESIDING OFFICER. The without some loud howls, seeking some Our drilling rigs have gone from 532 ac- clerk will call the roll. Government relief. Several of these tive rigs operating in 1990 to 133 rigs The legislative clerk proceeded to self-imposed handicaps are correctable operating in 2000. call the roll. if we would only wake up to a few re- What is our policy? Our policy is to Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I alities. become more dependent on imports. ask unanimous consent that the order On the production side, we have On the downstream side, domestic for the quorum call be rescinded. banned oil exploration off a good por- policy really is not any better. Some of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tion of our coastline, including Cali- my New York colleagues have con- objection, it is so ordered. fornia and Florida, because a majority cerned themselves about the high price f of these States oppose it. They have of heating oil. I am sympathetic with THE PRICE OF ENERGY every right to oppose it, and we should those who are dependent on that en- honor it. However, we refuse to con- ergy source, but while I sympathize on Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I sider exploration in many areas where the one hand, I also point out that a rise to share with my colleagues the clearly it is supported, such as in some good portion of this is self-inflicted. plight of our independent truckers who areas of Texas, Mississippi, Louisiana, Prices are high because stocks are low. are here in Washington, many of them, and my State of Alaska. expressing their frustration as a con- The State of New York itself reports We should, in these areas where the that the petroleum bulk storage capac- sequence of the high increase in the public supports exploration, get an ag- cost of diesel oil. These are individuals ity has declined over the past 5 years gressive leasing plan and proceed to by more than 15 percent, and the heat- who own their own trucks, for the most open up these areas, using the ad- part, and supply this country with un- ing oil storage capacity has declined vanced technology we have and getting nearly 20 percent, largely due to envi- told tons of food and various other sup- on with the task of lessening our de- plies, virtually everything we need. ronmental regulations. Those regula- pendence on imported oil. tions may be well-founded, but the fact This is a mobile society and we are The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is they do not have either the storage dependent on energy to move us. The in my State of Alaska has often been for crude nor the storage they once had price of that energy has increased dra- mentioned as a potential for major oil for heating oil. Of course, it has been a matically. discovery. From the standpoint of my cold winter. When the heating oil sup- I have yet to hear from the adminis- State of Alaska, we have supplied this ply is tight, many of my colleagues tration expressing any of their con- country with nearly 20 percent of the search for an excuse, while the answer cerns, as a consequence of this dem- total crude oil produced in the last 27 is right in their backyard. onstration by the independent truckers years. We have done it through a pipe- who are trying to bring a focus to what line and a development process that Moving over to suggested relief that kinds of relief the administration is has been safe. The tragic accident of has been proposed by opening up the proposing because every indication is the Exxon Valdez was a tanker acci- Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which is we are going to see higher oil prices, dent that had nothing to do with the our petroleum reserve in case of a na- higher energy prices. There are some production or transportation of oil by tional emergency, there is a suggestion reasons for this. One of them is we pipeline. that if we were to release that, some- have an increased dependence on im- The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge how this would address the concerns we ports of oil. We are currently 55-per- consists of 19 million acres. The as- have over the high price of heating oil. cent dependent on import oil. Most of sumption is that the entire 19 million Let me walk you through that sce- these imports are coming from the acres is going to be open for explo- nario. Mideast. ration. That is not correct. Congress First of all, the SPR is for supply dis- In the world of the oil market, the has set aside 8 million acres of that ruption emergencies. It is a crude oil United States is certainly a giant con- tract in wilderness in perpetuity that supply in salt caverns in Louisiana. As sumer but, a bit player. The Organiza- can never be disturbed. Another 9.5 a consequence, it has a limited capac- tion of Petroleum Exporting Countries million acres have been set aside in a ity to get out that crude. It is not heat- really calls the tune, and the U.S. gen- wildlife refuge. No development is al- ing oil. It is crude. So it has to be erally has to pay the piper. That orga- lowed or is going to be allowed. The re- moved from SPR to refineries, be re- nization is known by all of us as OPEC. mainder of that 19 million acres is 1.5 fined, and then go into the market. There are 11 countries that make up million acres which geologists have The difficulty with this is the refin- OPEC, and they produce more than 40 identified as holding as much as 16 bil- eries have crude supplies. So if you percent of the world’s oil and possess lion barrels of oil which would or could bring in SPR crude, you are going to three-fourths of the world’s proven re- replace Saudi oil coming into the have to offset that with the crude they serves. The United States, as I indi- United States for the next 30 years. It have at the refinery already. The dif- cated, imports 55 percent of the oil we is not a drop in the bucket by any ficulty is in the mix of what the refin- use, or about 10.5 million barrels out of means. eries make. As a consequence of low the 19.3 million barrels of oil consumed Where is this administration going stocks going into this winter, based on in the Nation in each and every day. with regard to lessening our depend- the assumption this would not be a The point I want to make is this is ence on imported oil? It wants to raise cold winter, those inventories were not just a one-time incident. If you go taxes on the oil companies, saying the low. Coupled with the reduction in the back to 1973, some of you will remem- royalty valuation in the past has been storage supply for the fuel oil—and ber the lines around the block at the unfair. Is that an incentive for explo- then later we did have a colder winter; gas station. At that time, we had an ration? I think not. we all saw the Coast Guard breaking Arab oil embargo. However, at that The President’s current proposal in ice in the Hudson River—as a con- time, we were 36-percent dependent on his budget calls for more than $400 mil- sequence of that, we could not meet imported oil, and we created the Stra- lion in new taxes on the oil industry. the demand for heating oil, and the tegic Petroleum Reserve. We said we Who is going to pay those taxes? It is price went up to nearly $2 a gallon. would never expose ourselves to near going to be the American consumer. That was indeed unfortunate. 50-percent dependence on foreign oil. The consequences are evident. Since Relief. The refiners continued to Today, we are 55-percent dependent, as the Clinton administration assumed of- produce more heating oil. The weather

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S675 began to cooperate, and reports sug- coast constituents to purchase more oil Of course, we have discussed the gested that Europe sent over refined from even more expensive sources, such heating oil situation and SPR and product. as the Mideast. How are they going to OPEC and ANWR. But when we get The point I want to make is, SPR is get the oil in? In foreign tankers owned back to what the administration is not the answer because the simple re- by foreign companies that clearly have doing about it, we are still stuck with ality is, you do not displace one type of more of an environmental exposure the reality that they are throwing crude oil with another. That does not than our own domestic fleet. more taxes at us—$400 million. They relieve the problem. It is the mix with- Common sense tells us we should are not encouraging the industry to go in the refineries. stop handicapping our industry. We out and drill, as evidenced by the re- Now we have an administration that should do this by encouraging explo- duction in drilling rigs. is petitioning them to still produce ration, development of our reserves, Some of them say: We will simply go large volumes of heating oil even and not increasing taxes on this indus- out and hook up to natural gas. The though there are indications the inven- try. National Petroleum Council report in- tories are now adequate. The real Oil development in my State can be dicated that is not going to be a viable threat is that they should be producing done right. It is environmentally alternative. They said that we consume gasoline soon for the summer market. sound. It keeps land disturbance to a about 20 trillion cubic feet of gas We could see a shortage of gasoline this minimum. today. We will be consuming about 31 summer and perhaps retail price in- To give you some idea, out of the 19 trillion cubic feet in the next 10 years. creases in the neighborhood of nearly million acres of ANWR that we talked We do not have the infrastructure in to $2 a gallon. about, of the million and a half acres meet that demand. It is going to have We did a little comparison on the that Congress has the authority to to be an expenditure of about $1.5 tril- west coast, which is the area where I open up—and I add, this body voted to lion. Gas will not be cheap. am from. We did a comparison for re- open it up; and the President vetoed it The Secretary of the Interior, Mr. tail prices in three Western States and a number of years ago—the footprint is Babbitt, won’t make public lands avail- Alaska. We found California’s regular estimated to be no larger than the able to produce natural gas. The Fed- gasoline was $1.38 per gallon; for Or- footprint of the Dulles International eral Energy Regulatory Commission egon’s regular gasoline, it was $1.42 per Airport, assuming the rest of Virginia puts up environmental roadblocks to gallon; for Washington’s regular gaso- were wilderness. That is to give you building new gas pipelines to the line, it was $1.35 per gallon; and for my some idea of the magnitude of what the Northeast. Where is the power going to State of Alaska, it was $1.35 per gallon. footprint is. It is relatively small. come from? Again, I remind you that the esti- But when we talk about self-inflicted Some would say hydroelectric. We mates are that the ANWR area could problems, we need to look at the taxes have already seen the proposal by the produce more than 16 billion barrels of imposed on each gallon of gas within Secretary of the Interior. He wants to oil, which would equate to about what the four States. tear down four dams in the Pacific we bring in from Saudi Arabia over a California’s tax burden is about 46.4 Northwest. Now a FERC Commis- 30-year period. Yet this administration cents on the gallon; for Oregon, it is sioner, Commissioner Hoecker, claims would rather bolster the oil output of 45.4 cents per gallon; for Washington that FERC has the authority to tear Saddam Hussein by lifting oil produc- State, it is about the same. The taxes these dams down. tion limits in Iraq, which is what they include Federal, State, and local taxes Moving over to coal, the administra- have done. Should we really be placing in the three States. California includes tion is proposing to take a number of our energy security on OPEC deci- a sales tax, as well, and has the added plants down through EPA decisions. sions? Those were plants that were grand- burden of 5 to 8 cents a gallon its resi- The administration pursues policies fathered in under the Clean Air Act, dents must pay for reformulated gaso- that discourage investment within our line. borders, driving investment overseas, with the assumption that they would Oregon is a little different. It adds to and our jobs overseas. If we are going operate for a period of time. As the its cost by banning self-service as an to participate in this energy race, we power industry has attempted to main- option at the pumps. In other words, are going to need to get in the game. If tain those plants, they have been sub- you do not fill up your car in Oregon. we choose to continue to drive oil pro- jected to criminal prosecution by the Somebody does it for you. You pay for duction offshore, then we will have no EPA for extending the life of the it. The estimated additional cost is room—or little room—to complain plants. I am not debating the issue of, about 15 cents a gallon. about the high price of that decision, if you stay within your permit by con- But in Alaska, my State, the com- or the insecurity of our future oil sup- tinuing to maintain your plant at a bined taxes are only 26 cents. Without plies. level that you have to, whether you are taxes, my State of Alaska actually There is no question in my mind that extending the life of that plant or not. pays the highest price for gasoline of our national energy security is very But that is the dilemma for the coal in- the four States; yet we produce it all— much at risk. We still do not seem to dustry. or a good portion of it. get it. We do not understand the vul- We have already debated for days the Gasoline prices. If you take off gas nerability of increasing our dependence reality and role of the nuclear indus- taxes, take off the cost of additives, on imports. try, the fact that it contributes 20 per- take off the cost in relation to whether If we look over our shoulders at cent of the power in this country. The or not somebody fills your tank, then world crude markets, since 1997, we administration does not want to ad- you begin to be able to identify what have gone from a low of $10 a barrel to dress a solution on its watch. It would the true costs are to the consumer for $30 a barrel. To some extent, we have just as soon let the industry choke on a gallon of gasoline. explained that this was due to the its own waste. While we had 64 votes My State of Alaska supplies 46 per- slowdown of the Asian economy, mild the other day, we were still a few short cent of the current stock to the west winters, and increased Saudi and Ven- of a veto override, and the President coast. But barrels of oil from Alaska ezuela production. Then we have also threatened to veto the legislation that are beginning to decline. We are pro- seen OPEC kind of get its act together would address, temporarily, relief so ducing little more than a million bar- with self-discipline. It cut production 6 our nuclear industry could continue to rels a day. Virtually all of that is percent. They decided they would rath- produce power. shipped to Washington and California; er sell less oil but sell it higher than With the attitude of the administra- significant portions go from Wash- sell more oil and sell it lower. tion, it is evident that in the area of ington to Oregon. Then we saw the Asian economy re- nuclear, coal, hydroelectric, there are California’s Senators object to any bound. Winters in the U.S. got colder simply no alternatives being proposed. development in the Arctic. But without even with global warming. The thought I suggest to the Senate that is an irre- new development, the production will from OPEC was: Wait a minute. We are sponsible attitude. It seems all this ad- continue to decline, and it will be nec- going to hold off for a little while. We ministration wants to do is to hang on essary for the west coast and their west saw the low stocks as a result of this. until it is over—and I can’t wait—in

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S676 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 the hope that there won’t be some kind dependent on them increasing the sup- lack of an energy policy in this coun- of calamity that will disrupt their de- ply of oil? try. There is no energy policy on nu- parture. I suggest there is going to be A source of information from the clear power, no energy policy on coal, a calamity. It relates to what is hap- International Energy Agency says that no energy policy on gas, no energy pol- pening in Washington today with the OPEC will have to increase by 10 per- icy on oil. It kind of drifts out there. truckers. This is proof the folks out cent just to keep up with world de- And they are well-meaning, but some there are fed up. They are looking to mands. If they don’t want to keep up extreme environmental groups basi- Government for a response. They are with world demands, the price goes up, cally propel the direction of this ad- fed up with the administration’s atti- doesn’t it? That will increase produc- ministration. It is no direction at all tude which suggests we should go over tion somewhere between 4.5 and 12 per- because there is no energy policy. to OPEC and beg that they increase cent, or between 1.2 and 3.1 million bar- So as we look at the increased price production, that we become more de- rels per day. of energy, we look at the frustration of pendent on imported oil. The realities A lot of people don’t realize how long the truckers in Washington, DC, and of that are totally unacceptable to this it takes for a barrel of oil from the we look at what the administration is Senator. Mideast to reach their gas station. It is doing to address it, we have to come to It is going to get more serious. OPEC roughly 6 weeks. If we go into this the conclusion that the administra- would like to see oil at somewhere be- summer with the current forecast we tion’s efforts—if you can identify them tween $20 and $25; that is good for are getting, we will see gasoline at $2 a at all—are limited to pleading with the OPEC. I suppose now that it is $30, it gallon. We depend on oil to keep us Mideast oil barons to simply produce might be good for the United States. warm, for travel, for our homes, sport more oil. That is inadequate. They are OPEC is having a meeting in March, utility vehicles, on and on, and we are simply exporting jobs and dollars. We but some economists suggest it is too concerned about prosperity. We are are going to have to turn this around late. We are going to be increasingly concerned about inflation. in the Congress of the United States. exposed to increased gasoline prices There was an article by Daniel The administration won’t stand up and this summer. Some suggest we are Yergin with the Cambridge Energy Re- recognize the reality that charity be- going to be subjected to $40 oil, if Sad- search Association, an expert on oil. He gins at home. We have the resources in dam Hussein chooses to cut off his sup- indicated there are three things that this country, we have the technology, ply in protest of United Nations sanc- can get people concerned about infla- we have the capital, and we can relieve tions. Here we are in the United States, tion and spook the stock market. When our dependence on imports if given the dependent on what Saddam Hussein I highlight them, you will agree they support of the Clinton administration. might do to his oil production that are here. f could affect our price of energy. Incred- It is the price and availability of THE VERY BAD DEBT BOXSCORE ible, Mr. President, incredible, but nev- labor. It is the cost of money or inter- Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, at the ertheless true. est rates that are on the rise. And it is As I have indicated, the past year the increased price of oil. close of business Friday, February 18, alone, oil has tripled in cost to $30 from We are starting to move. Mark my 2000, the Federal debt stood at less than $11; heating oil, nearly $2 a words, the Organization of Economic $5,739,814,030,329.64 (Five trillion, seven gallon; our airline tickets, $20 sur- Cooperation and Development has esti- hundred thirty-nine billion, eight hun- dred fourteen million, thirty thousand, charge. One of these days when you go mated that every $10 rise in the price three hundred twenty-nine dollars and to fill up that sports utility vehicle, it of oil lifts inflation by1⁄2 percentage point and reduces economic growth by sixty-four cents). is going to cost you $60 to fill your gas One year ago, February 18, 1999, the 1⁄4 percent. If that isn’t what is hap- tank. Federal debt stood at $5,613,958,000,000 People in this technological age won- pening right now, I will trade places (Five trillion, six hundred thirteen bil- der what the role of oil is. Is oil energy with the President of this body. Oil lion, nine hundred fifty-eight million). king? Well, let’s look at inflation. We prices have accounted for the doubling Twenty-five years ago, February 18, hear Chairman Greenspan worry about of inflation, to 2 percent from 1.1 per- 1975, the Federal debt stood at inflation, about oil prices increasing. cent in the last year. $494,617,000,000 (Four hundred ninety- The Secretary of Energy, in the mean- I quote Chairman Greenspan: four billion, six hundred seventeen mil- time, tours six oil-producing nations. I’ve been through too many oil shocks to lion) which reflects a debt increase of He says he can’t ignore the potential not take them seriously. If price changes, it more than $5 trillion— impacts the economy. for oil to have an impact on inflation. $5,245,197,030,329.64 (Five trillion, two He says what OPEC does matters, and These are a few of the highlights of hundred forty-five billion, one hundred it sure does. I think we are at a point where the United States is, why the ninety-seven million, thirty thousand, of reckoning where oil has reemerged truckers are circulating in Wash- three hundred twenty-nine dollars and as a political and economic threat to ington, DC. sixty-four cents) during the past 25 our economy. What is this administration doing years. Now, here we are, looking at depend- about it? They are kowtowing to the ence on Mideast oil-producing coun- Arab world. They are wringing their f tries, and we are asking them to hands. They have no positive sugges- MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT change their cash-flow to accommo- tions. Least of all, they have not made Messages from the President of the date us and increase production. I won- one single statement to encourage do- United States were communicated to der if they will be inclined to do that. mestic exploration and production in the Senate by Mr. Thomas, one of his If we look at some of the realities as- this country. One wonders what you secretaries. sociated with inflation, I think we have learn by history; some people say ‘‘not EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED to look over our shoulder and recognize much.’’ If you look over your shoulder As in executive session the Presiding what happened in the past. Many peo- at where we were in the early 1970s Officer laid before the Senate messages ple don’t remember the gas lines in with the Arab oil embargo, where we from the President of the United 1973. December of 1980, inflation in this are today—and, of course, in the in- States submitting sundry nominations country was 11 percent; the prime rate terim we fought a war over oil in Iraq which were referred to the appropriate was 20.5 percent. People started to and Kuwait. Today, we are right back committees. wake up. Are they waking up now? The there, only we are more dependent on (The nominations received today are signs are there. Is OPEC willing to sac- the Mideast. If we don’t take the steps printed at the end of the Senate pro- rifice windfall oil profits to help keep now to reduce that dependence, this is ceedings.) economic growth on track in the going to happen again. f United States, Europe, and Asia at Keep in mind that, for the time their own expense? I happen to believe being, it isn’t over. We are just start- MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE that charity begins at home. We have ing into this crisis. This administra- At 11:04 a.m., a message from the become dependent on OPEC. Can we be tion must be held accountable for the House of Representatives, delivered by

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S677 Ms. Niland, one of its reading clerks, search and development for fiscal years 2000 EC–7539. A communication from the Execu- announced that the House insists, upon through 2004, and for other purposes; to the tive Director, Committee for Purchase from its amendments to the bill (S. 761) to Committee on Commerce, Science, and People who are Blind or Severely Disabled, regulate interstate commerce by elec- Transportation. transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of H.R. 3201. An act to authorize the Sec- a rule relative to additions to and deletions tronic means by permitting and en- retary of the Interior to study the suit- from the Procurement List, received Feb- couraging the continued expansion of ability and feasibility of designating the ruary 10, 2000; to the Committee on Govern- electronic commerce through the oper- Carter G. Woodson Home in the District of mental Affairs. ation of free market forces, and other Columbia as a National Historic Site, and for EC–7540. A communication from the Direc- purposes, and asks a conference with other purposes; to the Committee on Energy tor, Office of Regulatory Management and the Senate on the disagreeing votes of and Natural Resources. Information, Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Environmental Protection Agen- the two Houses thereon; and appoints H.R. 3557. An act to authorize the Presi- dent to award a gold medal on behalf of the cy, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report for consideration of the Senate bill and Congress to John Cardinal O’Connor, Arch- of a rule entitled ‘‘Approval and Promulga- the House amendments, and modifica- bishop of New York, in recognition of his ac- tion of Air Quality Implementation Plans; tions committed to conference: Mr. complishments as a priest, a chaplain, and a Commonwealth of Virginia: Oxygenated Gas- BLILEY, Mr. TAUZIN, Mr. OXLEY, Mr. humanitarian; to the Committee on Bank- oline Program’’ (FRL # 6534–7), received Feb- DINGELL, Mr. MARKEY, as the managers ing, Housing, and Urban Affairs. ruary 10, 2000; to the Committee on Environ- of the conference on the part of the ment and Public Works. The following concurrent resolutions EC–7541. A communication from the Direc- house. were received and referred as indicated: tor, Office of Regulatory Management and The message also announced that the H. Con. Res. 76. Concurrent resolution rec- Information, Office of Policy, Planning and House has passed the following bills, in ognizing the social problem of child abuse Evaluation, Environmental Protection Agen- which it requests the concurrence of and neglect, and supporting efforts to en- cy, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report the Senate: hance public awareness of it; to the Com- of a rule entitled ‘‘Approval and Promulga- H.R. 6. An act to amend the Internal Rev- mittee on Health, Education, Labor, and tion of Air Quality Implementation Plans; enue Code of 1986 to reduce the marriage pen- Pensions. North Carolina; Miscellaneous Revisions to alty by providing for adjustments to the H. Con. Res. 247. Concurrent resolution ex- the Forsyth County Local Implementation standard deduction, 15-percent rate bracket, pressing the sense of Congress regarding the Plan’’ (FRL # 6520–4), received February 10, and earned income credit and to repeal the importance of organ, tissue, bone marrow, 2000; to the Committee on Environment and reduction of the refundable tax credits. and blood donation and supporting National Public Works. H.R. 2086. An act to authorize funding for Donor Day; to the Committee on Health, EC–7542. A communication from the Direc- networking and information technology re- Education, Labor, and Pensions. tor, Office of Regulatory Management and Information, Office of Policy, Planning and search and development for fiscal years 2000 f Evaluation, Environmental Protection Agen- through 2004, and for other purposes. H.R. 2366. An act to provide small busi- MEASURE READ THE FIRST TIME cy, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Emamectin Benzoate; nesses certain protection from litigation ex- The following bill was read the first cesses and to limit the product liability of Pesticide Tolerance Technical Correction’’ time: (FRL # 6489–4), received February 10, 2000; to non-manufacturer product sellers. H.R. 6. An act to amend the Internal Rev- H.R. 3201. An act to authorized the Sec- the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, enue Code of 1986 to reduce the marriage pen- retary of the Interior to study the suit- and Forestry. alty by providing for adjustments to the EC–7543. A communication from the Direc- ability and feasibility of designating the standard deduction, 15-percent rate bracket, tor, Office of Regulatory Management and Carter G. Woodson Home in the District of and earned income credit and to repeal the Information, Office of Policy, Planning and Columbia as a National Historic Site, and for reduction of the refundable tax credits. Evaluation, Environmental Protection Agen- other purposes. cy, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report H.R. 3557. An act to authorize the Presi- f of a rule entitled ‘‘Imidacloprid; Pesticide dent to award a gold medal on behalf of the ENROLLED BILL PRESENTED Tolerances for Emergency Exemptions’’ Congress to John Cardinal O’Connor, Arch- (FRL # 6490–5), received February 10, 2000; to bishop of New York, in recognition of his ac- The Secretary of the Senate reported the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, complishments as a priest, a chaplain, and a that on February 16, 2000, he had pre- and Forestry. humanitarian. sented to the President of the United EC–7544. A communication from the Con- H.R. 3642. An act to authorize the Presi- States, the following enrolled bill: gressional Review Coordinator, Regulatory dent to award a gold medal on behalf of the S. 632. An act to provide assistance for poi- Analysis and Development, Policy and Pro- Congress to Charles M. Schulz in recognition gram Development, Animal and Health In- of his lasting artistic contributions to the son prevention and to stabilize the funding of regional poison control centers. spection Service, Department of Agriculture, Nation and the world. transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of The message further announced that f a rule entitled ‘‘Field Study; Definition’’ the House has agreed to the following EXECUTIVE AND OTHER (Docket # 98–043–2), received February 10, concurrent resolutions, in which it re- COMMUNICATIONS 2000; to the Committee on Agriculture, Nu- quests the concurrence of the Senate: trition, and Forestry. The following communications were EC–7545. A communication from the Legal H. Con. Res. 76. Concurrent resolution rec- laid before the Senate, together with Advisor, Cable Services Bureau, Federal ognizing the social problem of child abuse accompanying papers, reports, and doc- Communications Commission transmitting, and neglect, and supporting efforts to en- pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled hance public awareness of it. uments, which were referred as indi- cated: ‘‘Cable Attribution Rules’’ (CS Docs. 98–82, H. Con. Res. 247. Concurrent resolution ex- 96–85, FCC 99–288), received February 9, 2000; pressing the sense of Congress regarding the EC–7536. A communication from the Direc- to the Committee on Commerce, Science, importance of organ, tissue, bone marrow, tor, Congressional Budget Office, transmit- and Transportation. and blood donation and support National ting, pursuant to law, the ‘‘Sequestration EC–7546. A communication from the Sec- Donor Day. Preview Report for Fiscal Year 2001’’; to the retary of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant The message also announced that Committees on the Budget, and Govern- to law, the 1999 annual report of the Visiting pursuant to the provisions of 22 U.S.C. mental Affairs. Committee on Advanced Technology of the EC–7537. A communication from the Assist- 276d, the Speaker has appointed the fol- National Institute of Standards and Tech- ant Secretary, Legislative Affairs, Depart- nology; to the Committee on Commerce, lowing Member of the House to the ment of State, transmitting, pursuant to the Science, and Transportation. Canada-United States Interparliamen- Arms Export Control Act, a report relative EC–7547. A communication from the Chief, tary Group: Mr. HOUGHTON of New to certification of a proposed license for the Regulations Unit, Internal Revenue Service, York, Chairman. export of defense articles or defense services Department of the Treasury, transmitting, sold commercially under a contract in the f pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled amount of $50,000,000 or more to French Gui- ‘‘Pilot Pre-Filing Agreement Program’’ (No- MEASURES REFERRED ana; to the Committee on Foreign Relations. tice 2000–9; I.R.B.—, dated February 28, 2000), The following bills were received and EC–7538. A communication from the Chief, received February 11, 2000; to the Committee Regulations Unit, Internal Revenue Service, on Finance. read the first and second times by Department of the Treasury, transmitting, EC–7548. A communication from the Assist- unanimous consent and referred as in- pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ant General Counsel for Regulations, Office dicated: ‘‘Removal Costs’’ (Rev. Rul. 2000–7), received of Educational Research and Improvement, H.R. 2086. An act to authorize funding for February 9, 2000; to the Committee on Fi- Department of Education, transmitting, pur- networking and information technology re- nance. suant to law, the report of a rule entitled

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S678 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 ‘‘Rehabilitation Short-Term Training (Client Information, Office of Policy, Planning and nomics, Department of Agriculture trans- Assistance Program’’ (CFDA Number Evaluation, Environmental Protection Agen- mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule 84.246K), received February 11, 2000; to the cy, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report entitled ‘‘Stakeholder Input Requirements Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and of a rule entitled ‘‘Rhode Island: Determina- for Recipients of Agricultural Research, Edu- Pensions. tion of Adequacy for the State’s Municipal cation, and Extension Formula’’ (RIN0524– EC–7549. A communication from the Chair- Solid Waste Permit Program’’ (FRL # 6535– AA23), received February 14, 2000; to the man, Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship and 8), received February 10, 2000; to the Com- Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Excellence in Education Foundation trans- mittee on Environment and Public Works. Forestry. mitting, pursuant to law, the annual report EC–7559. A communication from the Direc- EC–7569. A communication from the Acting for fiscal year 1999; to the Committee on tor, Office of Regulatory Management and Administrator, Farm Service Agency, De- Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. Information, Office of Policy, Planning and partment of Agriculture, transmitting, pur- EC–7550. A communication from the Direc- Evaluation, Environmental Protection Agen- suant to law, the report of a rule entitled tor, Holocaust Memorial Museum transmit- cy, transmitting, a report entitled ‘‘Addi- ‘‘1999 Crop and Market Loss Assistance’’ ting, pursuant to law, the request for reau- tional Guidance on PM2.5 Cassette Handling (RIN0560–AG13), received February 14, 2000; thorization of the United States Holocaust and Transportation’’; to the Committee on to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, Memorial Council; to the Committee on the Environment and Public Works. and Forestry. Judiciary. EC–7560. A communication from the Chair- EC–7570. A communication from the Assist- EC–7551. A communication from the Spe- man, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, trans- ant Secretary for Planning and Analysis, De- partment of Veterans Affairs transmitting, cial Assistant to Bureau Chief, Mass Media mitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to the fiscal year 1999 annual report of the Sec- Bureau, Federal Communications Commis- the denial of safeguards information for the retary of Veterans Affairs; to the Committee sion, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- period October 1, 1999 to December 31, 1999; to on Veterans’ Affairs. port of a rule entitled ‘‘Creation of Low the Committee on Environment and Public EC–7571. A communication from the Direc- Power Radio Service’’ (MM Docket No. 99–25, Works. tor, Office of Regulations Management, De- FCC 00–19), received February 11, 2000; to the EC–7561. A communication from the Sec- partment of Veterans Affairs, transmitting, Committee on Commerce, Science, and retary of the Interior, transmitting, pursu- pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled Transportation. ant to law, the 1999 annual report of the Mi- ‘‘National Service Life Insurance’’ (RIN2900– EC–7552. A communication from the Pro- gratory Bird Conservation Commission; to AJ78), received February 14, 2000; to the gram Analyst, Federal Aviation Administra- the Committee on Environment and Public Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. tion, Department of Transportation, trans- Works. EC–7572. A communication from the Fiscal mitting, pursuant to law , the report of a EC–7562. A communication from the Sec- Assistant Secretary, Department of the rule entitled ‘‘Standard Instrument Ap- retary of Health and Human Services, trans- Treasury, transmitting, pursuant to law, the proach Procedures; Miscellaneous Amend- mitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to Highway Trust Fund quarterly report that ments (30); Amdt. No. 1973 (2–9/2–10)’’ the allotment of emergency funds to all appears in the December 1999 issue of the (RIN2120–AA65) (2000–0009), received February states under the Low-Income Home Energy ‘‘Treasury Bulletin’’; to the Committee on 10, 2000; to the Committee on Commerce, Assistance Act of 1981; to the Committee on Finance. Science, and Transportation. Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. EC–7573. A communication from the Chief, EC–7553. A communication from the Attor- EC–7563. A communication from the Sec- Regulations Unit, Internal Revenue Service, ney, Research and Special Programs Admin- retary of Labor, transmitting, pursuant to Department of the Treasury, transmitting, istration, Department of Transportation law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘29 CFR pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Part 44-Process for Electing State Agency ‘‘Ahadpour v. Commissioner’’, received Feb- a rule entitled ‘‘Hazardous Materials Trans- Employment Statistics Representatives for ruary 9, 2000; to the Committee on Finance. portation: Registration and Fee Assessment Consultations with Department of Labor’’ EC–7574. A communication from the Gen- Program’’ (RIN2137–AD17), received February (RIN1290–AA19), received February 14, 2000; eral Counsel, Federal Emergency Manage- 10, 2000; to the Committee on Commerce, to the Committee on Health, Education, ment Agency, transmitting, pursuant to law, Science, and Transportation. Labor, and Pensions. the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Final Flood EC–7554. A communication from the Attor- EC–7564. A communication from the Acting Elevation Determination; 65 FR 6028; 02/08/ ney, Research and Special Programs Admin- Assistant Secretary, Pension and Welfare 2000’’, received February 14, 2000; to the Com- istration, Department of Transportation Benefits Administration, Department of mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Labor transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- fairs. a rule entitled ‘‘Hazardous Materials: Haz- port of a rule entitled ‘‘Interim Final Rule EC–7575. A communication from the Gen- ardous Substances-Revisions’’ (RIN2137– for Reporting by Multiple Employer Welfare eral Counsel, Federal Emergency Manage- AD39), received February 10, 2000; to the Arrangements and Certain Other Entities ment Agency, transmitting, pursuant to law, Committee on Commerce, Science, and that Offer or Provide Coverage for Medical the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Changes in Transportation. Care to the Employees of Two or More Em- Flood Elevation Determinations; 65 FR 6025; 02/08/2000’’, received February 14, 2000; to the EC–7555. A communication from the Direc- ployers (29 CFR Part 2520)’’ (RIN1210–AA54), Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban tor, Office of Regulatory Management and received February 15, 2000; to the Committee Information, Office of Policy, Planning and Affairs. on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. EC–7576. A communication from the Gen- Evaluation, Environmental Protection Agen- EC–7565. A communication from the Acting eral Counsel, Federal Emergency Manage- cy, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report Assistant Secretary, Pension and Welfare ment Agency, transmitting, pursuant to law, of a rule entitled ‘‘Approval and Promulga- Benefits Administration, Department of the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Changes in tion of Implementation Plans; Illinois’’ (FRL Labor transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- Flood Elevation Determinations; 65 FR 6018; # 6536–1), received February 11, 2000; to the port of a rule entitled ‘‘Interim Rule for the 02/08/2000’’, received February 14, 2000; to the Committee on Environment and Public Assessment of Civil Penalties under Section Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Works. 502(c)(2) of ERISA (29 CFR Part 2560)’’ Affairs. EC–7556. A communication from the Direc- (RIN1210–AA54), received February 15, 2000; EC–7577. A communication from the Gen- tor, Office of Regulatory Management and to the Committee on Health, Education, eral Counsel, Federal Emergency Manage- Information, Office of Policy, Planning and Labor, and Pensions. ment Agency, transmitting, pursuant to law, Evaluation, Environmental Protection Agen- EC–7566. A communication from the Acting the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Changes in cy, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report Assistant Secretary, Pension and Welfare Flood Elevation Determinations; 65 FR 6014; of a rule entitled ‘‘Approval and Promulga- Benefits Administration, Department of 02/08/2000’’, received February 14, 2000; to the tion of Implementation Plans; State of Mis- Labor transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban souri’’ (FRL # 6528–7), received February 10, port of a rule entitled ‘‘Interim Rule Gov- Affairs. 2000; to the Committee on Environment and erning Procedures for Administrative Hear- EC–7578. A communication from the Gen- Public Works. ings Regarding the Assessment of Civil Pen- eral Counsel, Federal Emergency Manage- EC–7557. A communication from the Direc- alties under Section 502(c)(2) of ERISA (29 ment Agency, transmitting, pursuant to law, tor, Office of Regulatory Management and CFR Part 2570)’’ (RIN1210–AA54), received the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Changes in Information, Office of Policy, Planning and February 15, 2000; to the Committee on Flood Elevation Determinations; 65 FR 6022; Evaluation, Environmental Protection Agen- Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. 02/08/2000’’ (Docket No. FEMA–7316), received cy, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report EC–7567. A communication from the Sec- February 14, 2000; to the Committee on of a rule entitled ‘‘Approval and Promulga- retary of Defense, transmitting, pursuant to Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. tion of Implementation Plans; California law, a report relative to two possible new EC–7579. A communication from the Gen- State Implementation Plan Revision; South decorations for individuals who are killed or eral Counsel, Federal Emergency Manage- Coast Air Quality Management District’’ injured in the line of duty while serving ment Agency, transmitting, pursuant to law, (FRL # 6534–2), received February 10, 2000; to under competent authority with the Armed the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Final Flood the Committee on Environment and Public Forces; to the Committee on Armed Serv- Elevation Determination; 65 FR 6031; 02/08/ Works. ices. 2000’’, received February 14, 2000; to the Com- EC–7558. A communication from the Direc- EC–7568. A communication from the Under mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af- tor, Office of Regulatory Management and Secretary, Research, Education, and Eco- fairs.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S679 EC–7580. A communication from the Execu- Railroad Passenger Corporation transmit- Company CF6–80C2 Series Turbofan Engines; tive Director, Committee for Purchase from ting, pursuant to law, the Amtrak annual re- Docket No. 98–ANE–79’’ (RIN2120–AA64) (2000– People who are Blind or Severely Disabled, port for 1999; to the Committee on Com- 0079), received February 14, 2000; to the Com- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of merce, Science, and Transportation. mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- a rule relative to additions to and deletions EC–7593. A communication from the Sec- tation. from the Procurement List, received Feb- retary of Transportation, transmitting, pur- EC–7604. A communication from the Pro- ruary 14, 2000; to the Committee on Govern- suant to law, the report relative to the Port- gram Analyst, Office of the Chief Counsel, mental Affairs. au-Prince International Airport, Haiti; to Federal Aviation Administration, Depart- EC–7581. A communication from the Acting the Committee on Commerce, Science, and ment of Transportation, transmitting, pur- Director of Communications and Legislative Transportation. suant to law, the report of a rule entitled Affairs, Equal Employment Opportunity EC–7595. A communication from the Gen- ‘‘Airworthiness Directives; Boeing Model Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, eral Counsel, Consumer Product Safety Com- 737–200 Series Airplanes Modified in Accord- the Commission’s report under the Govern- mission transmitting, pursuant to law, the ance with Supplemental Type Certificate ment in the Sunshine Act for calendar year report of a rule entitled ‘‘Safety Standard ST00969AT; Docket No. 99–NM–226’’ (RIN2120– 1999; to the Committee on Governmental Af- for Bunk Beds’’ (RIN3041–AB75), received AA64) (2000–0080), received February 14, 2000; fairs. February 14, 2000; to the Committee on Com- to the Committee on Commerce, Science, EC–7582. A communication from the Ad- merce, Science, and Transportation. and Transportation. EC–7596. A communication from the Pro- ministrator, General Services Administra- f tion, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report gram Analyst, Federal Aviation Administra- on programs for the utilization and donation tion, Department of Transportation, trans- PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS of Federal property; to the Committee on mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule The following petitions and memo- Governmental Affairs. entitled ‘‘Amendment to Class D Airspace; EC–7583. A communication from the Chair- Jackson, WY; Docket No. 99–ANM–11 {2–14–2– rials were laid before the Senate and man of the Council of the District of Colum- 14}’’ (RIN2120–AA66) (2000–0032), received Feb- were referred or ordered to lie on the bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report ruary 14, 2000; to the Committee on Com- table as indicated: on D.C. Act 13–243, ‘‘Motor Vehicle Parking merce, Science, and Transportation. POM–406. A joint resolution adopted by the Regulation Amendment Act of 1999’’; to the EC–7597. A communication from the Pro- Legislature of the State of Maine relative to Committee on Governmental Affairs. gram Analyst, Federal Aviation Administra- the Gettysburg National Military Park; to EC–7584. A communication from the Chair- tion, Department of Transportation, trans- the Committee on Appropriations. man of the Council of the District of Colum- mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule JOINT RESOLUTION bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report entitled ‘‘Amendment to Class E Airspace; on D.C. Act 13–244, ‘‘Office of Cable Tele- Lexington, KY; Docket No. 99–ASO–25 {2–8–2– Whereas, the United States has a history vision and Telecommunications Amendment 14}’’ (RIN2120–AA66) (2000–0035), received Feb- that reveals the proud tradition and heritage Act of 1999’’; to the Committee on Govern- ruary 14, 2000; to the Committee on Com- of the American people; and mental Affairs. merce, Science, and Transportation. Whereas, battlefield sites where significant EC–7585. A communication from the Chair- EC–7598. A communication from the Pro- military engagements happened are some of man of the Council of the District of Colum- gram Analyst, Federal Aviation Administra- the nation’s most important historical sites; bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report tion, Department of Transportation, trans- and on D.C. Act 13–246, ‘‘Federal Law Enforce- mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule Whereas, Gettysburg was the site of one of ment Officer Cooperation Act of 1999’’; to the entitled ‘‘Amendment to Class E Airspace; the largest battles in the history of the Committee on Governmental Affairs. London, KY; Docket No. 99–ASO–23 {2–8–2– United States and that battle is considered a EC–7586. A communication from the Chair- 14}’’ (RIN2120–AA66) (2000–0034), received Feb- turning point for the country in the Civil man of the Council of the District of Colum- ruary 14, 2000; to the Committee on Com- War; and bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report merce, Science, and Transportation. Whereas, President Lincoln, in giving his on D.C. Act 13–248, ‘‘Sex Offender Registra- EC–7599. A communication from the Pro- now famous Gettysburg Address dedicating tion Act of 1999’’; to the Committee on Gov- gram Analyst, Federal Aviation Administra- the national cemetery that is located in Get- ernmental Affairs. tion, Department of Transportation, trans- tysburg, acknowledged that he could not EC–7587. A communication from the Chair- mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule adequately dedicate or consecrate the ceme- man of the Council of the District of Colum- entitled ‘‘Amendment to Class D and Class E tery because ‘‘the brave men, living and bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report Airspace; Tupelo, MS; Docket No. 99–ASO–3 dead, who struggled here have consecrated on D.C. Act 13–249, ‘‘Lateral Appointment of {2–9–2–14}’’ (RIN2120–AA66) (2000–0036), re- it, far above our poor power to add or de- Law Enforcement Officers Clarifying Tem- ceived February 14, 2000; to the Committee tract’’; and porary Amendment Act of 1999’’; to the Com- on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Whereas, Gettysburg National Military mittee on Governmental Affairs. EC–7600. A communication from the Pro- Park, created shortly after the battle and EC–7588. A communication from the Chair- gram Analyst, Federal Aviation Administra- funded largely by private donations and var- man of the Council of the District of Colum- tion, Department of Transportation, trans- ious states that belonged to the Union bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule forces, covers thousands of acres and con- on D.C. Act 13–251, ‘‘Mandatory Autopsy for entitled ‘‘Amendment to Class E Airspace; tains hundreds of monuments commemo- Deceased Wards of the District of Columbia Puerto Rico, PR; Correction; Docket No. 99– rating the battle; and and Mandatory Unusual Incident Report ASO–17 {2–8–2–10}’’ (RIN2120–AA66) (2000– Whereas, the National Park Service lacks Temporary Act of 1999 to the Committee on 0031), received February 10, 2000; to the Com- sufficient funds to adequately maintain and Governmental Affairs. mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- care for the grounds and monuments and is EC–7589. A communication from the Chair- tation. accepting donations to help preserve the man of the Council of the District of Colum- EC–7601. A communication from the Pro- park’s monuments; and bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report gram Analyst, Federal Aviation Administra- Whereas, the commitment to preserve and on D.C. Act 13–255, ‘‘Al Arrighi Way Designa- tion, Department of Transportation, trans- maintain the monuments and grounds of tion Act of 1999’’; to the Committee on Gov- mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule Gettysburg National Military Park is a ernmental Affairs. entitled ‘‘Amendment to Class C Airspace measure of how we value this nation and its EC–7590. A communication from the Chair- Area; VT; Docket No. 99–AWA–12 {2–10–2–14}’’ people: Now therefore, be it man of the Council of the District of Colum- (RIN2120–AA66) (2000–0033), received February Resolved: That We, your Memorialists, re- bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report 14, 2000; to the Committee on Commerce, spectfully urge and request that the United on D.C. Act 13–257, ‘‘Dennis Dolinger Memo- Science, and Transportation. States Congress appropriate funds to ade- rial Park Designation Act of 1999’’; to the EC–7602. A communication from the Pro- quately maintain and preserve the grounds Committee on Governmental Affairs. gram Analyst, Federal Aviation Administra- and monuments of Gettysburg National Mili- EC–7591. A communication from the Acting tion, Department of Transportation, trans- tary Park; and be it further Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, Na- mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule Resolved: That suitable copies of this Me- tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department entitled ‘‘Standard Instrument Approach morial, duly authenticated by the Secretary of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, Procedures; Miscellaneous Amendments of State, be transmitted to the Honorable the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Fisheries of the (111); Amdt. No. 19742 {2–9/2–10}’’ (RIN2120– William J. Clinton, President of the United Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Pacific AA65) (2000–0008), received February 10, 2000; States, the President of the Senate and the Cod by Vessels Catching Pacific Cod for to the Committee on Commerce, Science, Speaker of the House of Representatives of Processing by the Offshore Component in the and Transportation. the Congress of the United States and to Western Regulatory Area of the Gulf of Alas- EC–7603. A communication from the Pro- each member of the Maine Congressional ka’’, received February 14, 2000; to the Com- gram Analyst, Office of the Chief Counsel, Delegation. mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- Federal Aviation Administration, Depart- tation. ment of Transportation, transmitting, pur- POM–407. A resolution adopted by the Sen- EC–7592. A communication from the Vice suant to law, the report of a rule entitled ate of the Legislature of the Commonwealth President, Government Affairs, National ‘‘Airworthiness Directives; General Electric of Massachusetts relative to the shortage

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S680 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 and cost of home heating oil in the North- and artificial manipulation; and also urges By Mr. HATCH: east; to the Committee on Energy and Nat- the Congress to request the Justice Depart- S. 2081. A bill entitled ‘‘Religious Liberty ural Resources. ment of the United States to participate in Protection Act of 2000’’; read the first time. RESOLUTION such investigation and study; and be it fur- By Mr. DEWINE (for himself, Mr. WAR- Whereas, the recent severe weather in the ther NER, and Mr. ROBB): Northeast part of the country has caused a Resolved, That in the event that such in- S. 2082. A bill to establish a program to large increase in the use of home heating oil; vestigation and study shows that such in- award grants to improve and maintain sites and crease in cost is due to a legitimate shortage honoring Presidents of the United States; to Whereas, such increase has created a bur- of oil in the marketplace, thereafter the the Committee on Energy and Natural Re- den on the homeowners, tenants and business Congress shall take action to release into sources. people who rely on such oil by adversely af- the marketplace an amount of oil from the By Mr. ROBB (for himself, Mr. MOY- fecting their budgets; and national reserves that is sufficient to ame- NIHAN, Mr. L. CHAFEE, Mr. DODD, Mr. Whereas, such increased costs have been liorate the current cost; and be it further KERRY, Mr. LAUTENBERG, Mr. LIEBER- exacerbated by the large increase in the cost Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions MAN, Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. SARBANES, of such oil; and be forwarded by the Clerk of the House of Mr. SCHUMER, and Mr. WARNER): Whereas, such increases have raised the Representatives to the Presiding Officer of S. 2083. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- specter of petroleum companies acting in each branch of Congress and to Members enue Code of 1986 to provide a uniform dollar combination to increase profits, fix prices thereof from the Commonwealth. limitation for all types of transportation and create artificial shortages: Now, there- f fringe benefits excludable from gross income, fore, be it and for other purposes; to the Committee on Resolved, That the Massachusetts Senate INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND Finance. hereby urges the Congress of the United JOINT RESOLUTIONS By Mr. LUGAR: S. 2084. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- States and the Governor of the Common- The following bills and joint resolu- wealth to conduct an investigation and enue Code of 1986 to increase the amount of study of the current shortage of home heat- tions were introduced, read the first the charitable deduction allowable for con- ing oil in the Northeast part of the country time and second time by unanimous tributions of food inventory, and for other and its attendant cost to determine whether consent, and referred as indicated: purposes; to the Committee on Finance. such shortage and cost are real and the re- By Mr. ASHCROFT (for himself, Mr. By Mr. LUGAR (for himself, Mr. sult of ordinary market forces or whether ABRAHAM, Mr. INHOFE, Mr. DEWINE, GREGG, and Mr. BREAUX): they are the result of price fixing and artifi- Mr. GRASSLEY, Ms. LANDRIEU, and S. 2085. A bill to amend title II of the So- cial manipulation; and urges the Congress to Mr. ROBERTS): cial Security Act and the Internal Revenue request the Justice Department of the S. 2074. A bill to amend title II of the So- Code of 1986 to provide incentives for older United States to participate in such inves- cial Security Act to eliminate the social se- Americans to remain in the workforce be- tigation and study; and also urges the Gov- curity earnings test for individuals who have yond the age of eligibility for full social se- ernor of the Commonwealth to direct the De- attained retirement age; to the Committee curity benefits; to the Committee on Fi- partment of Energy Resources to participate on Finance. nance. in such investigation and study in order to By Mr. ROBB (for himself, Mr. SAR- S. 2086. A bill to amend title II of the So- develop policies to prevent such shortages BANES, Ms. MIKULSKI, and Mr. WAR- cial Security Act and the Internal Revenue and cost increases in the future in the Com- NER): Code of 1986 to provide incentives for older monwealth; and be it further S. 2075. A bill to expand Federal employee Americans to remain in the workforce be- Resolved, That in the event that such in- commuting options and to reduce the traffic yond the age of eligibility for full social se- vestigation and study shows that such in- congestion resulting from current Federal curity benefits; to the Committee on Fi- crease in cost is due to a legitimate shortage employee commuting patterns, and for other nance. of oil in the marketplace, thereafter the purposes; to the Committee on Commerce, f Congress shall take action to release into Science, and Transportation. the marketplace an amount of oil from the By Mr. SCHUMER (for himself, Mr. STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED national reserves that is sufficient to ame- MOYNIHAN, Mr. SANTORUM, Mr. SPEC- BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS liorate the current cost; and be it further TER, Mr. BAYH, Mr. BROWNBACK, Mr. Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions DURBIN, Ms. LANDRIEU, and Mr. STE- By Mr. ASHCROFT (for himself, be transmitted forthwith by the Clerk of the VENS): Mr. ABRAHAM, Mr. INHOFE, Mr. Senate to the Governor of the Common- S. 2076. A bill to authorize the President to DEWINE, Mr. GRASSLEY, Ms. wealth, to the Presiding Officer of each award a gold medal on behalf of the Congress LANDRIEU, and Mr. ROBERTS): branch of Congress and to the Members to John Cardinal O’Connor, Archbishop of S. 2074. A bill to amend title II of the thereof from the Commonwealth. New York, in recognition of his accomplish- Social Security Act to eliminate the ments as a priest, a chaplain, and a humani- POM–408. A concurrent resolution adopted social security earnings test for indi- tarian; to the Committee on Banking, Hous- viduals who have attained retirement by the General Court of the Commonwealth ing, and Urban Affairs. of Massachusetts relative to the shortage By Mr. SANTORUM (for himself and age; to the Committee on Finance. and cost of home heating oil in the North- Mr. COVERDELL): SOCIAL SECURITY EARNINGS TEST ELIMINATION east; to the Committee on Energy and Nat- S. 2077. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- ACT OF 2000 ural Resources. enue Code of 1986 to allow nonitemizers a de- Mr. ASHCROFT. Mr. President, I rise RESOLUTION duction for a portion of their charitable con- today in favor of repealing the Social Whereas, the recent severe weather in the tributions; to the Committee on Finance. Security earnings test, the onerous tax Northeast part of the country has caused a By Mr. BUNNING (for himself and Mr. burden the United States government MCCONNELL): large increase in the use of home heating oil; places on seniors who wish to continue and S. 2078. A bill to authorize the President to Whereas, such increase has created a bur- award a gold medal on behalf of Congress to working. In order to ease this unfair den on the homeowners, tenants and business Muhammad Ali in recognition of his out- burden, I am hereby introducing the people who rely on such oil by adversely af- standing athletic accomplishments and en- Social Security Earnings Test Elimi- fecting their budgets; and during contributions to humanity, and for nation Act of 2000. Whereas, such increased costs have been other purposes; to the Committee on Bank- The earnings test limits the amount exacerbated by the large increase in the cost ing, Housing, and Urban Affairs. a person older than 65 and younger of such oil; and By Mr. BURNS: than 70 can earn without having his or Whereas, such increases have raised the S. 2079. A bill to facilitate the timely reso- specter of petroleum companies acting in lution of back-logged civil rights discrimina- her Social Security benefits reduced. combination to increase profits, fix prices tion cases of the Department of Agriculture, Currently, benefits are reduced by $1 and create artificial shortages; therefore, be and for other purposes; to the Committee on for each $3 of earnings over $17,000. it Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. This test provides a disincentive for Resolved, That the Massachusetts General By Mrs. BOXER: seniors to work by reducing seniors’ Court hereby urges the Congress of the S. 2080. A bill to amend the Federal Food, Social Security benefits according to United States to commence an investigation Drug, and Cosmetic Act to require that food the amount of income they earn. and study of the current shortage of home that contains a genetically engineered mate- It is time to repeal that limit. Right heating oil in the Northeast part of the rial, or that is produced with a genetically country and its attendant cost to determine engineered material, must be labeled accord- now, Social Security is scheduled to go whether such shortage and cost are real and ingly, and for other purposes; to the Com- bankrupt in 2034. One of the reasons for the result of ordinary market forces or mittee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and For- the looming bankruptcy of Social Se- whether they are the result of price fixing estry. curity is the declining ratio of workers

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S681 to beneficiaries, which worsens as our limit. Their supplemental, ‘‘unearned’’ (5) in subsection (h)(1)(A), by striking ‘‘age elderly population continues to grow sources of income are safe and not sub- 70’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘re- much faster than the number of work- ject to the earnings threshold. At the tirement age (as defined in section 216(l))’’; ers entering the workforce. In 1960 the same time, many of the older Ameri- and cans penalized by the Earnings Test (6) in subsection (j)— ratio was 5:1, today it is a little more (A) in the heading, by striking ‘‘Age Sev- than 3:1, and in thirty years it is ex- need to work in order to cover their enty’’ and inserting ‘‘Retirement Age’’; and pected to be only 2:1. This decreasing basic expenses: health care, housing (B) by striking ‘‘seventy years of age’’ and number of workers paying for retirees and food. Many seniors do not have sig- inserting ‘‘having attained retirement age benefits is making it increasingly dif- nificant savings or a private pension. (as defined in section 216(l))’’. ficult to make the Social Security For this reason, low-income workers (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS ELIMINATING books balance. are particularly hard-hit by the Earn- THE SPECIAL EXEMPT AMOUNT FOR INDIVID- Instead of helping to fix this prob- ings Test. UALS WHO HAVE ATTAINED RETIREMENT lem, the earnings test exacerbates this In addition to all of the policy rea- AGE.— (1) UNIFORM EXEMPT AMOUNT.—Section situation. By providing a disincentive sons for elimination of the Earnings Test, the most important reason to 203(f)(8)(A) of the Social Security Act (42 to work, the earnings test keeps sen- U.S.C. 403(f)(8)(A)) is amended by striking iors at home instead of at work and eliminate the Test is that it is fun- ‘‘the new exempt amounts (separately stated paying the payroll taxes that keep the damentally unfair. The earnings test for individuals described in subparagraph (D) Social Security system solvent. discriminates against seniors. Nobody, and for other individuals) which are to be ap- The earnings test is based on a mis- regardless of creed, color, gender, or plicable’’ and inserting ‘‘a new exempt conception of the U.S. economy. The age should be penalized for working or amount which shall be applicable’’. Social Security Earnings Test is a relic discouraged from engaging in work. (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section of the Great Depression, designed to Furthermore, the Earnings Test 203(f)(8)(B) of the Social Security Act (42 takes money from seniors that is right- U.S.C. 403(f)(8)(B)) is amended— move older people out of the workforce (A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by and create employment for younger in- fully theirs. The Social Security bene- fits which working seniors are losing striking ‘‘Except’’ and all that follows dividuals. The idea behind the earnings through ‘‘whichever’’ and inserting ‘‘The ex- test is that if seniors were penalized for due to the Earnings Test penalty are empt amount which is applicable for each working, they would stay home and benefits they have rightfully earned by month of a particular taxable year shall be open up employment opportunities for contributing to the system throughout whichever’’; younger workers. Not only was this their working years before retiring. (B) in clauses (i) and (ii), by striking ‘‘cor- view wrong in earlier times, but it is These are benefits which they should responding’’ each place it appears; and (C) in the last sentence, by striking ‘‘an ex- counterproductive in today’s economy. not be losing because they are trying to survive by supplementing their So- empt amount’’ and inserting ‘‘the exempt Today, we do not have a labor surplus, amount’’. but a labor shortage. Unemployment is cial Security income. Mr. President, it is time to eliminate (3) REPEAL OF BASIS FOR COMPUTATION OF at a long-time low of 4.0%, one-and-a- SPECIAL EXEMPT AMOUNT.—Section this counterproductive and unfair pen- half points lower than the so-called 203(f)(8)(D) of the Social Security Act (42 alty. With the Social Security and ‘‘full employment’’ mark of 5.5%. U.S.C. (f)(8)(D)) is repealed. Medicare Trusts Funds facing long- Low unemployment is a great devel- (c) ADDITIONAL CONFORMING AMEND- opment, but it contributes to a labor term insolvency, it is now more impor- MENTS.— shortage that will worsen when the tant than ever to encourage work. (1) ELIMINATION OF REDUNDANT REFERENCES More people working means more peo- TO RETIREMENT AGE.—Section 203 of the So- ‘‘baby boom’’ generation ages. Employ- ple paying into the Social Security cial Security Act (42 U.S.C. 403) is amended— ers will have to develop new sources of Trust Fund and Medicare. I ask my col- (A) in subsection (c), in the last sentence, labor to fill this shortage, and seniors leagues to join me in supporting this by striking ‘‘nor shall any deduction’’ and represent the most experienced, most unfair burden placed on elderly Ameri- all that follows and inserting ‘‘nor shall any skilled workers. Many senior citizens deduction be made under this subsection cans. from any widow’s or widower’s insurance can make a significant contribution, Mr. President, I ask that the text of and often their knowledge and experi- benefit if the widow, surviving divorced wife, this bill be printed in the RECORD. widower, or surviving divorced husband in- ence complements or exceeds that of There being no objection, the bill was younger employees. 35 million Ameri- volved became entitled to such benefit prior ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as to attaining age 60.’’; and cans are over the age of 65, and to- follows: (B) in subsection (f)(1), by striking clause gether they have over a billion years of S. 2074 (D) and inserting the following: ‘‘(D) for cumulative work experience. It is both Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- which such individual is entitled to widow’s counterproductive and harmful to our resentatives of the United States of America in or widower’s insurance benefits if such indi- growing economy to keep willing, dili- Congress assembled, vidual became so entitled prior to attaining gent workers out of the American SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. age 60,’’. economy. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Social Secu- (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT TO PROVISIONS In addition to the negative con- rity Earnings Test Elimination Act of 2000’’. FOR DETERMINING AMOUNT OF INCREASE ON AC- SEC. 2. ELIMINATION OF EARNINGS TEST FOR IN- COUNT OF DELAYED RETIREMENT.—Section sequences for the economy as a whole, 202(w)(2)(B)(ii) of the Social Security Act (42 the Social Security Earnings Test is DIVIDUALS WHO HAVE ATTAINED RETIREMENT AGE. U.S.C. 402(w)(2)(B)(ii)) is amended— also bad for seniors. The earnings test (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 203 of the Social (A) by striking ‘‘either’’; and punishes Americans between the ages Security Act (42 U.S.C. 403) is amended— (B) by striking ‘‘or suffered deductions of 65 and 70 for their attempts to re- (1) in subsection (c)(1), by striking ‘‘the age under section 203(b) or 203(c) in amounts main productive after retirement. This of seventy’’ and inserting ‘‘retirement age equal to the amount of such benefit’’. is particularly problematic for low in- (as defined in section 216(l))’’; (3) PROVISIONS RELATING TO EARNINGS come seniors, many who exist on fixed (2) in paragraphs (1)(A) and (2) of sub- TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT IN DETERMINING SUB- STANTIAL GAINFUL ACTIVITY OF BLIND INDIVID- incomes, and are burdened with a 33.3 section (d), by striking ‘‘the age of seventy’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘retire- UALS.—The second sentence of section percent tax on their earned income. ment age (as defined in section 216(l))’’; 223(d)(4)(A) of the Social Security Act (42 When combined with federal, state and (3) in subsection (f)(1)(B), by striking ‘‘was U.S.C. 423(d)(4)(A)) is amended by striking other Social Security taxes, taxes on age seventy or over’’ and inserting ‘‘was at ‘‘if section 102 of the Senior Citizens’ Right the elderly can total nearly 55 or 65 or above retirement age (as defined in sec- to Work Act of 1996 had not been enacted’’ percent. An individual who is strug- tion 216(l))’’; and inserting the following: ‘‘if the amend- gling to make ends meet should not be (4) in subsection (f)(3)— ments to section 203 made by section 102 of faced with an effective marginal tax (A) by striking ‘‘331⁄3 percent’’ and all that the Senior Citizens’ Right to Work Act of follows through ‘‘any other individual,’’ and 1996 and by the Social Security Earnings rate which exceeds 55 percent. Test Elimination Act of 2000 had not been While the earnings test harms lower- inserting ‘‘50 percent of such individual’s earnings for such year in excess of the prod- enacted’’. income people, it only affects seniors uct of the exempt amount as determined (d) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments and who must work and depend on their under paragraph (8),’’; and repeals made by this section shall apply with earned income for survival. Wealthy (B) by striking ‘‘age 70’’ and inserting ‘‘re- respect to taxable years ending after Decem- seniors are not affected by the earnings tirement age (as defined in section 216(l))’’; ber 31, 2000.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S682 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, I rise S. 2076. A bill to authorize the Presi- colleague Senator COVERDELL. This leg- today in support of the legislation of dent to award a gold medal on behalf of islation will allow non-itemizers to de- my colleague Senator JOHN ASHCROFT the Congress to John Cardinal O’Con- duct 50 percent of their charitable giv- to repeal the Social Security earnings nor, Archbishop of New York, in rec- ing, after they exceed a cumulative limit. Under current law, workers aged ognition of his accomplishments as a total of $500 in annual donations. 65–69, can earn only up to $17,000 with- priest, a chaplain, and a humanitarian; As we approach another tax deadline, out losing out on their Social Security to the Committee on Banking, Hous- more than 84 million Americans cannot benefits. This ‘‘earnings limit’’ penal- ing, and Urban Affairs. deduct any of their charitable con- izes hard-working seniors by docking LEGISLATION TO AUTHORIZE A CONGRESSIONAL tributions because they do not itemize them $1 for every $3 of earnings over GOLD MEDAL FOR JOHN CARDINAL O’CONNOR, their tax returns. In contrast, there are the limit. In fact, an older worker’s en- ARCHBISHOP OF NEW YORK 34 million Americans who itemize and tire Social Security benefit could be ∑ Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, it is a receive this benefit. In Pennsylvania, eliminated by the earnings limit if he pleasure for me to rise alongside my there are nearly 4 million taxpayers or she earns more than $45,944. A few distinguished colleagues Senators MOY- who do not itemize deductions while years ago, I worked successfully to in- NIHAN, SPECTER, SANTORUM, BAYH, slightly more than 1.5 million tax- crease the limit to $30,000 by 2002. But BROWNBACK, DURBIN, LANDRIEU, and payers do itemize. While Americans are already giving we can do better. Penalizing older STEVENS, to honor the enormous con- generously to charities making a sig- workers sends the wrong message to tributions made by John Cardinal nificant positive impact in our commu- those who choose to stay in the work- O’Connor to religion, humanity, inter- nities, this legislation provides an in- force beyond normal retirement age. national relations, and service to centive for additional giving and al- And in today’s tight labor market, we America, by bestowing upon him the lows non-itemizers who typically have need to do a better job about recruiting Congressional Gold Medal. middle to lower middle incomes to also and retaining good employees. In fact, I believe this simple gesture would be benefit from additional tax relief. In in my state of Iowa, the jobless rate for our opportunity, as members of Con- fact, non-itemizers earning less than December was 2.2 percent. That rate is gress, as representatives of this nation, to thank his Eminence for the care, $30,000 give the highest percentage of even below the national jobless rate of their household income to charity. It is 4.1 percent. We cannot afford to dis- compassion, and spiritual guidance that he has provided to millions of peo- estimated that restoring this tax relief courage older Americans who want to provision which existed in the 1980’s work from remaining in the labor mar- ple throughout his lifetime. The work he has done from the treasured St. Pat- would encourage more than $3 billion ket. of additional charitable giving a year. I am a strong supporter of efforts rick’s Cathedral has reinforced the tra- ditional teaching and practices of the According to Price Waterhouse, the under way this year to repeal the earn- Charitable Giving Relief Act would re- Roman Catholic church, and helped ings limit. Eliminating the penalty sult in $725 million in additional chari- bring to life the spirit and mission of would help 800,000 older workers who table giving in Pennsylvania alone over now lose part or all of their benefits the Vatican. Since being ordained 54 years ago, a five year period. simply because they have the will and Representative PHILIP CRANE of Illi- John Cardinal O’Connor has dedicated ability to stay on the job after 65. nois has previously introduced iden- his life to the noblest of deeds, that of From my home State alone, many tical bipartisan legislation, H.R. 1310, Iowans have contacted me in frustra- service. He has been an advocate of the with 122 cosponsors in the House of tion over the earnings limit. poor, the sick, the elderly, and Amer- Representatives. The legislation is also For the first time in years, I am con- ica’s young children. He has heeded his supported by a long list of nonprofit fident we can get the job done once and country’s call to service, serving first groups and the Independent Sector, a for all. The proposal has overwhelming as a military chaplain, and rising, with coalition of more than 700 nonprofits, bipartisan support from Congress and distinction, to become Navy Chief foundations, and other charitable the White House. We could see swift ac- Chaplain. He has served as an inter- groups. tion on this commonsense proposal. national ambassador, traveling the President Clinton in his FY2001 budg- While fixing this inequity in the re- world over, Israel, Jordan, Haiti, Bos- et has included a provision which tirement system will give fair treat- nia-Herzegovina, and Russia, as a mes- would allow non-itemizers to deduct 50 ment to those ages 65-69 who have paid senger of peace, humanity, and free- percent of their charitable contribu- into the program during their entire dom. Wherever war, oppression, and tions in excess of $1,000 for single filers working years, it will not address So- poverty have threatened to weaken the and $2,000 for joint filers. The Presi- cial Security’s long-term demographic human spirit, he has been there—a dent’s proposal would eventually lower challenges. When the baby boom gen- tireless servant of the Roman Catholic the threshold to $500 in 2006 in a man- eration comes on board, the revenue church and as an American citizen. ner consistent with the Charitable Giv- and benefit structure will not be able With the recent celebration of his ing Tax Relief Act. to sustain the obligations under cur- 80th birthday, and the prospects of his One important dimension of my in- rent law. That is why I have worked retirement growing, it is truly the volvement in promoting charitable ef- with six of my Senate colleagues, Sen- proper time for America to pay tribute forts helping to revitalize our commu- ators JUDD GREGG, BOB KERREY, JOHN to John Cardinal O’Connor. Last week, nities, empower individuals and fami- BREAUX, FRED THOMPSON, CRAIG THOM- the members of the House overwhelm- lies, and enhance educational opportu- AS, and CHUCK ROBB, to craft bipartisan ingly supported similar legislation, in- nities is encouraging charitable giving. Senate reform legislation. Our bill, the troduced by Congressman FOSSELLA, by This legislation is a great opportunity ‘‘Bipartisan Social Security Reform a 413 to 1 vote. It is my hope that this to lower the tax burden on the many Act’’ S. 1383 is the only reform legisla- legislation will receive similar support Americans who have not received any tion which has been put forth in the here in the Senate, and that all of our tax relief for their charitable contribu- Senate which would make the Social colleagues will join us in this effort.∑ tions since 1986. Security trust fund permanently sol- As Senate Co-Chair of the Congres- vent. I will continue to press ahead and By Mr. SANTORUM (for himself sional Empowerment Caucus with Sen- work to build a consensus among our and Mr. COVERDELL): ator LIEBERMAN and in my efforts with colleagues to save Social Security and S. 2077. A bill to amend the Internal the Renewal Alliance, I am committed achieve long-term solvency for genera- Revenue Code of 1986 to allow non- to helping further unleash the poten- tions to come. itemizers a deduction for a portion of tial of charitable organizations and their charitable contributions; to the harness the generosity of Americans to By Mr. SCHUMER (for himself, Committee on Finance. improve the quality of life of all Amer- Mr. MOYNIHAN, Mr. SANTORUM, THE CHARITABLE GIVING TAX RELIEF ACT icans. I look forward to working with Mr. SPECTER, Mr. BAYH, Mr. ∑ Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, my colleagues and the President to BROWNBACK, Mr. DURBIN, Ms. today, I am introducing the Charitable provide additional tax relief and incen- LANDRIEU, and Mr. STEVENS): Giving Tax Relief Act along with my tives for charitable giving this year.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S683 Mr. President, I ask that the text of action, Congress waived the statute of Justice (DOJ). The DOJ shall then con- the bill be printed in the RECORD.∑ limitations on certain USDA discrimi- duct a review and make a recommenda- The text of the bill follows: nation cases, giving farmers until Oc- tion to the OCR within 30 days. S. 2077 tober 21, 2000, to file or re-file cases This law will also broaden the stat- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- that allegedly occurred between 1981 ute of limitations. As I said earlier, resentatives of the United States of America in through 1997. In addition to the cases legislation passed by Congress waived Congress assembled, that have been pending, that added an- the statute of limitations on certain SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. other major backlog. USDA discrimination cases, giving This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Charitable While we realize there is a massive farmers until October 21, 2000, to file or Giving Tax Relief Act’’. backlog of cases to be dealt with, we re-file cases that allegedly occurred be- SEC. 2. DEDUCTION FOR PORTION OF CHARI- feel Congress has made a good-faith ef- tween 1981 through 1997. However, I TABLE CONTRIBUTIONS TO BE AL- want to make sure that civil rights LOWED TO INDIVIDUALS WHO DO fort to assist the Office of Civil Rights NOT ITEMIZE DEDUCTIONS. (OCR) in every way possible. We have cases do not fall through the cracks of (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 170 of the Inter- written countless letters and met with that waiver. If an act occurred prior to nal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to chari- Rosalind Gray, the Director of the OCR February 22, 1998, for example, that table, etc., contributions and gifts) is amend- to discuss this issue. In addition, in person could not file for discrimina- ed by redesignating subsection (m) as sub- 1998 the Senate included money in the tion. This legislation will cover that section (n) and by inserting after subsection agricultural appropriations bill, to deal gap. (l) the following new subsection: These cases must be resolved soon. ‘‘(m) DEDUCTION FOR INDIVIDUALS NOT with this back-log of cases. However, despite numerous phone These producers have suffered too ITEMIZING DEDUCTIONS.—In the case of an in- much already. They cannot afford to dividual who does not itemize his deductions calls and letters, no progress has been wait any longer. We look forward to for the taxable year, there shall be taken made in resolving these cases. I have working with members of other states into account as a direct charitable deduction invited Department officials to come affected by this abuse of the civil under section 63 an amount equal to 50 per- to Montana and speak with the civil rights program to resolve these com- cent of the excess of the amount allowable rights complainants so that we may under subsection (a) for the taxable year plaints as quickly as possible.∑ over $500.’’ solve these cases more quickly. So far, (b) DIRECT CHARITABLE DEDUCTION.— I have not seen enough action and not By Mrs. BOXER: (1) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (b) of section nearly enough closure. S. 2080. A bill to amend the Federal 63 of such Code is amended by striking ‘‘and’’ The horror stories about the treat- Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to re- at the end of paragraph (1), by striking the ment civil rights complainants have quire that food that contains a geneti- period at the end of paragraph (2) and insert- received from the USDA are numerous cally engineered material, or that is ing ‘‘, and’’, and by adding at the end the fol- and unbelievable. These complaints are produced with a genetically engineered lowing new paragraph: simply being ignored. The inadequacy material, must be labeled accordingly, ‘‘(3) the direct charitable deduction.’’ of this process is adding insult to in- and for other purposes; to the Com- (2) DEFINITION.—Section 63 of such Code is amended by redesignating subsection (g) as jury. These people are being put on mittee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and subsection (h) and by inserting after sub- hold while the USDA plods through Forestry. section (f) the following new subsection: their cases. Many have been forced to THE GENETICALLY ENGINEERED FOOD RIGHT-TO- ‘‘(g) DIRECT CHARITABLE DEDUCTION.—For the brink. They don’t even know if KNOW ACT purposes of this section, the term ‘direct they can still make agriculture their ∑ Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, today I charitable deduction’ means that portion of livelihood should USDA finally decide am pleased to introduce the Geneti- the amount allowable under section 170(a) in their favor. Operating costs alone cally Engineered Food Right-to-Know which is taken as a direct charitable deduc- are placing many producers at a dis- Act. This legislation requires that all tion for the taxable year under section foods containing or produced with ge- 170(m).’’ advantage. Add to that, the costs asso- (3) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Subsection ciated with filing a complaint and you netically engineered material bear a (d) of section 63 of such Code is amended by can see why many feel completely neutral label stating that: ‘‘this prod- striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of paragraph (1), helpless, and hopeless. uct contains a genetically engineered by striking the period at the end of para- I have constituents calling my staff material or was produced with a ge- graph (2) and inserting ‘‘, and’’, and by add- at home because they are on their last netically engineered material.’’ ing at the end the following new paragraph: leg. The OCR has continually ignored The bill adds this labeling require- ‘‘(3) the direct charitable deduction.’’ requests for information from my staff, ment to the provisions of the Federal (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act made by this section shall apply to taxable or delayed sending pertinent informa- tion to these people. Those affected by (FFDCA), the Federal Meat Inspection years beginning after the date of the enact- Act, and the Poultry Products Inspec- ment of this Act. these decisions cannot afford to waste more precious time listening to the tion Act which contain the general By Mr. BURNS: USDA’s excuses while they try to find standards for labeling foods. Recent polls have demonstrated that S. 2079. A bill to facilitate the timely a way to buy next month’s food. Allow- Americans want to know if they are resolution of back-logged civil rights ing these cases to go on for years and eating genetically engineered food. A discrimination cases of the Department years is a travesty. How can these peo- of Agriculture, and for other purposes; January 1999 Time magazine poll re- ple get on with their life? The USDA vealed that 81% of respondents wanted to the Committee on Agriculture, Nu- has taken away their livelihood. With- trition, and Forestry. genetically engineered food to be la- out equal treatment from the USDA beled. A January 2000 MSNBC poll THE USDA CIVIL RIGHTS RESOLUTION ACT OF 2000 they can’t run their operations. With- showed identical results. ∑ Mr. BURNS. Mr. President. I am out a working farm, they have lost ev- This pressure has already led some pleased today to introduce a bill that is erything they had. companies not to use genetically engi- designed to clean up a terrible mess at Secretary Glickman has stated pub- neered materials in their foods. Gerber the U.S. Department of Agriculture, licly and repeatedly that the civil and Heinz have said they will no longer dealing with civil rights. rights issue within the Department of use genetically engineered material in Last year, a finding was made that Agriculture is an extremely high pri- their baby food. Whole Foods and Wild the USDA had, for decades, been guilty ority on his agenda. It should be. But Oats Supermarkets also have said they of violating many of America’s pro- still, I have seen very little action. will use no genetically engineered ma- ducer’s civil rights. When these pro- These constituents cannot get on terial in their own products. ducers tried to take advantage of the with their lives until the USDA does Great Britain, France, Germany, the programs offered by the USDA they take action. My bill will give the OCR Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, were treated differently than their 270 days to resolve the complaint after Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Ireland, friends and neighbors. it has been investigated. If, after 270 Spain, Austria, Italy, Portugal, Greece, Many cases have been pending for too days the complaint is not resolved, the New Zealand, and Japan already re- long. At least one has been on the list complainant may petition the Civil quire genetically engineered food to be for up to ten years. Due to USDA’s in- Rights Division of the Department of labeled.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S684 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 If the U.S. wants to sell its geneti- ‘‘dolphin safe’’ label on tuna. The label they are later found to have failed to cally engineered food to these coun- indicated that the tuna was harvested label food that contains genetically en- tries, it will have to label the food for by methods that don’t harm dolphins. gineered material. foreign consumers. It is only fair that I was also proud to lead the fight in For example, a farmer who plants ge- American consumers be given similar the Senate to make sure that chicken netically engineered corn must label information. frozen as solid as a blowing ball could that corn. Each person who then buys Why do I feel it’s important for con- not be labeled fresh. At the time, and then sells that corn, or food de- sumers to know that their food is ge- USDA’s position was that frozen chick- rived from it, will also be required to netically engineered? en could be labeled ‘‘fresh.’’ label it as genetically engineered. First, we don’t know whether geneti- In 1996, I succeeded in amending the Conversely, farmers who obtain a cally engineered food is harmful or Safe Drinking Water Act to require guaranty that the corn they are plant- whether it is safe. However, scientists that drinking water providers give ing is not genetically engineered may have raised concerns about genetically their consumers annual reports con- issue a guaranty to purchasers that engineered food. These concerns in- cerning the quality of their water. their corn is not genetically engi- clude the risks of increased exposure to Others in Congress led the fight to neered. The purchaser then would not allergens, decreased nutritional value, tell consumers whether their products have to label that corn or product increased toxicity and increased anti- contain artificial colors or sweeteners, made with that corn. biotic resistance. preservatives, additives, and whether If the corn or food is later found to In addition, scientists have raised they are from concentrate. I supported have contained or been produced with concerns about the ecological risks as- those labels as well. genetically engineered material but sociated with genetically engineered Food manufacturers also label their was not labeled accordingly, the pur- food. Some of those risks include the products with information that is of chaser would not be subject to pen- destruction of species, cross polli- little value to consumers. Certain alties under the bill. nation that breeds new weeds that are brands of pretzels, for example, bear a This guaranty system is used today resistant to herbicides, and increases label which states that the manufac- to enforce provisions of existing law in pesticide use over the long-term. turer is a ‘‘Member of the Snack Food concerning the distribution of adulter- Earlier this year, for example, re- Association: An International Trade ated or mislabeled foods. The system is searchers at Cornell University re- Association.’’ much less expensive than a system ported that Monarch butterflies were I don’t think this is information con- which would require food to be tested either killed or developed abnormally sumers are clamoring for, yet the man- at every phase of the food production when eating milkweed dusted with the ufacturer is willing to go through the process. pollen of Bt-corn, a genetically engi- trouble of putting it on the bag. Failure to label food that contains or neered food. My legislation builds on the existing was produced with genetically engi- Second, the Food and Drug Adminis- food labeling system, and would be neered material carries a civil penalty tration does not require pre-market simple to implement. It would require of up to $1,000 amount for each viola- health and safety testing of genetically that all foods containing or made with tion. engineered foods. Therefore, it is only genetically engineered foods be labeled Importantly, the bill provides that if fair that consumers know they are eat- with this information: ‘‘this product a party fraudulently warrants that a ing products that have not been tested. Third, the Environmental Protection contains a genetically engineered ma- product is not genetically engineered, Agency and the Department of Agri- terial or was produced with a geneti- no party further down the chain of cus- culture do not require substantive en- cally engineered material.’’ tody may be held liable for For example, corn flakes made with vironmental review of genetically engi- mislabeling. This provision is particu- genetically engineered corn would be a neered materials under their jurisdic- larly meant to protect small farmers ‘‘product that contains’’ genetically tion. from the possibility that their sup- My Genetically Engineered Food engineered material. To take another pliers would by contract provide that Right-to-Know Act not only mandates example, milk from a cow treated with any liability for mislabeling be borne labels, but does something even more genetically engineered bovine growth by the farmer regardless of the sup- important: it authorizes $5 million in hormone would be a product ‘‘produced pliers’ own actions. grants to conduct studies into the with’’ genetically engineered material. The bill also provides another protec- health and environmental risks raised Specifically, my bill requires that tion for farmers. Under the bill, a farm- by genetically engineered food. food that contains or was produced er who plants a non-genetically engi- Specifically, it directs the Secretary with genetically engineered material neered crop, but whose crop came to of HHS to make grants to individuals, be labeled at each stage of the food pro- contain genetically engineered mate- organizations and institutions to study duction process—from seed company to rial from natural causes such as wind risks like increased toxicity, increased farmer to manufacturer to retailer. carrying pollen from a genetically en- allergenicity, negative effects on soil The labeling requirement in my bill, gineered plant is not subject to pen- ecology and on the environment in gen- however, does not to apply to drugs or alties under the bill. This is the case so eral. to food sold in restaurants, bakeries, long as the farmer did not intend or did What is the extent of genetically en- and other similar establishments. not negligently permit this to occur. gineered crops today? Genetically engineered material is And, finally, the bill directs the Sec- Last year, 98.6 million acres in the defined under the bill as material that retary of HHS to make grants to study U.S. were planted with genetically en- ‘‘has been altered at the molecular or the possible health and environmental gineered crops. More than one-third of cellular level by means that are not risks associated with genetically engi- the U.S. soybean crop and one-quarter possible under natural conditions or neered foods. The bill authorizes $5 of corn were genetically engineered. processes.’’ Food developed through million for this purpose. This represents a 23-fold increase in ge- traditional processes such as cross- In closing, Mr. President, during the netically engineered crop production breeding is not considered to be geneti- recent negotiations on the Biosafety from just four years ago. cally engineered, and the legislation’s Protocol, it was the United States’ ne- And waiting to come into the mar- labeling requirement would not apply gotiating position that international ketplace are more than 60 different ge- to foods produced in that way. shipments of seeds, grains and plants netically engineered crops—from ap- Under the bill, persons need not label that may contain genetically engi- ples and strawberries to potatoes and food if they obtain a written guaranty neered material be labeled accordingly. tomatoes. from the party from whom they re- If the United States took the posi- Providing consumers with informa- ceived the food that the food does not tion that it is appropriate to provide tion about the foods they eat is hardly contain and was not produced with ge- this information to its trading part- new. netically engineered material. Persons ners, shouldn’t we make similar infor- For example, I was proud to be the who obtain a valid guaranty are not mation available to American con- author of the law to provide for the subject to penalties under the bill if sumers?

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S685 I am hopeful that my House and Sen- ‘‘(B) is a medical food as defined in section ‘‘(iii) repacking the food; or ate colleagues can act quickly to en- 5(b) of the Orphan Drug Act; or ‘‘(iv) growing, raising, or otherwise pro- sure the passage of my legislation to ‘‘(C) was grown on a tree that was planted ducing the food. give American families the right-to- before the date of enactment of the Geneti- ‘‘(C) No person may avoid responsibility or cally Engineered Food Right-to-Know Act, in liability for a violation of section 301(a), know whether their food contains or a case in which the producer of the food does 301(b), or 301(c) involving food that is mis- was produced with genetically engi- not know if the food contains a genetically branded within the meaning of section 403(t) neered material. engineered material, or was produced with a by entering into a contract or other agree- I ask that the text of my legislation genetically engineered material. ment that specifies that another person shall be printed in the RECORD. ‘‘(3) In this paragraph: bear such responsibility or liability, except The text of the legislation follows: ‘‘(A) The term ‘genetically engineered ma- that a recipient may require a guaranty or S. 2080 terial’ means material derived from any part undertaking as described in this subsection. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- of a genetically engineered organism, with- ‘‘(D) In this paragraph, the terms ‘geneti- resentatives of the United States of America in out regard to whether the altered molecular cally engineered material’ and ‘produced Congress assembled, or cellular characteristics of the organism with a genetically engineered material’ have SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. are detectable in the material. the meanings given the terms in section This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Genetically ‘‘(B) The term ‘genetically engineered or- 403(t).’’. Engineered Food Right-to-Know Act’’. ganism’ means— (2) FALSE GUARANTY.—Section 301(h) of the SEC. 2. FINDINGS. ‘‘(i) an organism that has been altered at Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 Congress finds the following: the molecular or cellular level by means U.S.C. 331(h)) is amended by inserting ‘‘or (1) In 1999, 98,600,000 acres in the United that are not possible under natural condi- 303(d)(2)’’ before ‘‘, which guaranty or under- States were planted with genetically engi- tions or processes (including recombinant taking is false’’ the first place it appears. (c) UNINTENDED CONTAMINATION.—Section neered crops, and more than 1⁄3 of the soy- DNA and RNA techniques, cell fusion, micro- 303(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cos- bean crop, and 1⁄4 of the corn crop, in the encapsulation, macroencapsulation, gene de- United States was genetically engineered. letion and doubling, introduction of a foreign metic Act, as amended by subsection (b)(1), (2) The process of genetically engineering gene, and a process that changes the posi- is further amended by adding at the end the foods results in the material change of such tions of genes), other than a means con- following paragraph: ‘‘(3)(A) No person shall be subject to the foods. sisting exclusively of breeding, conjugation, (3) The health and environmental effects of fermentation, hybridization, in vitro fer- penalties of subsection (a)(1) or (h) for a vio- genetically engineered foods are not yet tilization, or tissue culture; and lation of section 301(a), 301(b), or 301(c) in- known. ‘‘(ii) an organism made through sexual or volving food that is misbranded within the (4) Individuals in the United States have asexual reproduction, or both, involving an meaning of section 403(t) if— the right to know whether food contains or organism described in subclause (i), if pos- ‘‘(i) such person is an agricultural producer has been produced with genetically engi- sessing any of the altered molecular or cel- and the violation occurs because food that is neered material. lular characteristics of the organism so de- grown, raised, or otherwise produced by such (5) Federal law gives individuals in the scribed. producer, which food does not contain a ge- United States the right to know whether ‘‘(C) The term ‘produced with a genetically netically engineered material and was not food contains artificial colors and flavors, engineered material’, used with respect to a produced with a genetically engineered ma- chemical preservatives, and artificial sweet- food, means a food if— terial, is contaminated with a food that con- eners by requiring the labeling of such food. ‘‘(i) the organism from which the food is tains a genetically engineered material or (6) Requirements that genetically engi- derived has been injected or otherwise treat- was produced with a genetically engineered neered food be labeled as genetically engi- ed with a genetically engineered material material (including contamination by min- neered would increase consumer knowledge (except that the use of manure as a fertilizer gling the 2 foods); and about, and consumer control over consump- for raw agricultural commodities may not be ‘‘(ii) such contamination is not intended by tion of, genetically engineered food. construed to be production with a geneti- the agricultural producer. ‘‘(B) Subparagraph (A) does not apply to an (7) Genetically engineered material can be cally engineered material); agricultural producer to the extent that the detected in food at levels as low as 0.1 per- ‘‘(ii) the animal from which the food is de- contamination occurs as a result of the neg- cent by reasonably available technology. rived has been fed genetically engineered ligence of the producer.’’. SEC. 3. LABELING REGARDING GENETICALLY EN- material; or (d) CIVIL PENALTIES.—Section 303 of the GINEERED MATERIAL; AMEND- ‘‘(iii) the food contains an ingredient that MENTS TO FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, is a food to which subclause (i) or (ii) ap- Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 AND COSMETIC ACT. plies.’’. U.S.C. 333) is amended by adding at the end (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 403 of the Federal (b) GUARANTY.— the following subsection: ‘‘(h)(1) With respect to a violation of sec- Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 343) (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 303(d) of the Fed- is amended by adding at the end the fol- eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. tion 301(a), 301(b), or 301(c) involving food lowing paragraph: 333(d)) is amended— that is misbranded within the meaning of ‘‘(t)(1) If it contains a genetically engi- (A) by striking ‘‘(d)’’ and inserting ‘‘(d)(1)’’; section 403(t), any person engaging in such a neered material, or was produced with a ge- and violation shall be liable to the United States netically engineered material, unless it (B) by adding at the end the following for a civil penalty in an amount not to ex- bears a label (or labeling, in the case of a raw paragraph: ceed $1,000 for each such violation. agricultural commodity) that provides no- ‘‘(2)(A) No person shall be subject to the ‘‘(2) Paragraphs (3) through (5) of sub- tices in accordance with each of the fol- penalties of subsection (a)(1) or (h) for a vio- section (g) apply with respect to a civil pen- lowing requirements: lation of section 301(a), 301(b), or 301(c) in- alty assessed under paragraph (1) to the ‘‘(A) The label or labeling bears the fol- volving food that is misbranded within the same extent and in the same manner as such lowing notice: ‘GENETICALLY ENGI- meaning of section 403(t) if such person (re- paragraphs (3) through (5) apply with respect NEERED’. ferred to in this paragraph as the ‘recipient’) to a civil penalty assessed under paragraph ‘‘(B) The label or labeling bears the fol- establishes a guaranty or undertaking that— (1) or (2) of subsection (g).’’. lowing notice: ‘THIS PRODUCT CONTAINS ‘‘(i) is signed by, and contains the name SEC. 4. GRANTS FOR RESEARCH ON GENETI- A GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MATE- and address of, a person residing in the CALLY ENGINEERED FOOD. RIAL, OR WAS PRODUCED WITH A GE- United States from whom the recipient re- Chapter IX of the Federal Food, Drug, and NETICALLY ENGINEERED MATERIAL’. ceived in good faith the food (including the Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 391 et seq.) is amend- ‘‘(C) The notice required in clause (A) im- receipt of seeds to grow raw agricultural ed by adding at the end the following: mediately precedes the notice required in commodities); and ‘‘SEC. 908. GRANTS FOR RESEARCH ON GENETI- clause (B) and the type for the notice re- ‘‘(ii) contains a statement to the effect CALLY ENGINEERED FOOD. quired in clause (A) is not less than twice the that the food does not contain a genetically ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may size of the type for the notice required in engineered material or was not produced make grants to appropriate individuals, or- clause (B). with a genetically engineered material. ganizations, and institutions to conduct re- ‘‘(D) The notice required in clause (B) is ‘‘(B) In the case of a recipient who, with re- search into the public health and environ- the same size as would be required if the no- spect to a food, establishes a guaranty or un- mental risks associated with genetically en- tice provided nutrition information that is dertaking in accordance with subparagraph gineered materials, food that contains a ge- required in paragraph (q)(1). (A), the exclusion under such subparagraph netically engineered material, and food that ‘‘(E) The notices required in clauses (A) from being subject to penalties applies to the is produced with a genetically engineered and (B) are clearly legible and conspicuous. recipient without regard to the manner in material, including risks related to— ‘‘(2) This paragraph does not apply to food which the recipient uses the food, including ‘‘(1) increased allergenicity; that— whether the recipient is— ‘‘(2) increased toxicity; ‘‘(A) is served in restaurants or other simi- ‘‘(i) processing the food; ‘‘(3) cross-pollination between genetically lar eating establishments, such as cafeterias ‘‘(ii) using the food as an ingredient in a engineered materials and materials that are and carryouts; food product; not genetically engineered materials; and

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S686 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 ‘‘(4) interference with the soil ecosystem preserve and maintain Presidential our country’s history. If we do not and other impacts on the ecosystem. birthplaces, homes, memorials, and make efforts to maintain these Presi- ‘‘(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— tombs. Our Presidents have contrib- dential sites, we will lose these treas- ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There is authorized to be uted so much to our country, and we appropriated $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 to ures forever. The funds given to these carry out the objectives of this section. have much to learn from them. It is fit- sites would be a great tribute to our ‘‘(2) AVAILABILITY.—Any sums appropriated ting that we recognize their contribu- nation’s past and a lasting asset to our under the authorization contained in this tions as leaders of our country. nation’s future. subsection shall remain available, without Mr. President, there are numerous Our Presidents have shaped this fiscal year limitation, until expended. sites across the nation that pay tribute country, so it is fitting that we recog- ‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—The terms ‘genetically to our nation’s chief executives, but nize their contributions as leaders. I engineered material’ and ‘produced with a the majority of these sites are not invite my colleagues to join me, along genetically engineered material’ have the owned by the National Park Service. meanings given the terms in section 403(t)(3) with my colleagues from Virginia, Sen- of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic This means that these sites generally ators WARNER and ROBB, in cospon- Act.’’. do not receive federal support. These soring this legislation. SEC. 5. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS. sites must rely on donations, state and Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- (a) Section 1(n) of Public Law 90–201 is local assistance, and private endow- sent that the legislation be printed in amended— ments to pay for staff, maintenance, the RECORD. (1) in paragraph (11), by striking ‘‘or’’ at and restoration projects. Some of these There being no objection, the bill was the end; sites have large endowments for oper- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as (2) in paragraph (12), by striking the period ation expenses. Unfortunately, many follows: at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and other sites have a very difficult time (3) by adding at the end the following: S. 2082 making ends meet. In fact, many of ‘‘(13) if— Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- ‘‘(A) it contains a genetically engineered these sites delay necessary capital im- resentatives of the United States of America in material, or was produced with a genetically provement projects because site man- Congress assembled, engineered material; and agers simply don’t have the resources SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ‘‘(B)(i) it does not bear a label or labeling, to pay for them. Over time, mainte- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Presidential as appropriate, that provides the notices re- nance neglect will cause these historic Sites Improvement Act of 2000’’. quired under the terms and conditions of sec- sites to slowly fall apart. tion 403(t) of the Federal Food, Drug, and SEC. 2. FINDINGS. I have visited many of the Presi- Congress finds that— Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 343(t)); or dential historic sites throughout my ‘‘(ii) it is the subject of a false guaranty or (1) there are many sites honoring Presi- undertaking, home state of Ohio, a state that has dents located throughout the United States, been the home of eight presidents. It is including Presidential birthplaces, homes, subject to the terms and conditions of sec- museums, burial sites, and tombs; tion 303(d) of that Act (21 U.S.C. 333(d)) and disturbing to see at the Ulysses S. (2) most of the sites are owned, operated, subject to the penalties described in section Grant birthplace the discoloration and maintained by non-Federal entities such 303(h) of that Act (21 U.S.C. 333(h)) and rem- throughout the house and falling plas- as State and local agencies, family founda- edies available under this Act.’’. ter because of water damage. At the tions, colleges and universities, libraries, (b) Section 4(h) of Public Law 85–172 is home of President Warren Harding, the historical societies, historic preservation or- amended— famous front porch where then can- ganizations, and other nonprofit organiza- (1) in paragraph (11), by striking ‘‘or’’ at didate Harding gave his campaign tions; the end; (3) Presidential sites are often expensive to (2) in paragraph (12), by striking the period speeches actually began to pull away maintain; at the end and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and from the house. Fortunately, we were (4) many Presidential sites are in need of (3) by adding at the end the following: able to obtain the funding to prevent capital, technological, and interpretive dis- ‘‘(13) if— these two historic treasures from dete- play improvements for which funding is in- ‘‘(A) it contains a genetically engineered riorating further. However, by pro- sufficient or unavailable; and material, or was produced with a genetically viding some federal assistance for (5) to promote understanding of the history engineered material; and maintenance projects today, we can of the United States by recognizing and pre- ‘‘(B)(i) it does not bear a label or labeling, help prevent larger maintenance prob- serving historic sites linked to Presidents of as appropriate, that provides the notices re- the United States, the Federal Government quired under the terms and conditions of sec- lems tomorrow. should provide grants for the maintenance tion 403(t) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Mr. President, these Presidential and improvement of Presidential sites. Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 343(t)); or sites are far too important to let them ‘‘(ii) it is the subject of a false guaranty or slowly decay. My legislation would au- SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. undertaking, thorize grants, administered by the Na- In this Act: subject to the terms and conditions of sec- tional Park Service, for maintenance (1) GRANT COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘Grant tion 303(d) of that Act (21 U.S.C. 333(d)) and and improvement projects on presi- Commission’’ means the Presidential Site subject to the penalties described in section dential sites that are not federally Grant Commission established by section 4(d). 303(h) of that Act (21 U.S.C. 333(h)) and rem- owned or managed. A portion of the edies available under this Act.’’. (2) PRESIDENTIAL SITE.—The term ‘‘Presi- funds would be set aside for sites that SEC. 6. EFFECTIVE DATE. dential site’’ means a Presidentially-related This Act and the amendments made by are in need of emergency assistance. To site of national significance that is— this Act take effect 180 days after the date of administer this new program, this leg- (A) managed, maintained, and operated for enactment of this Act.∑ islation would establish a five member and is accessible to, the public; and committee, including the Director of (B) owned or operated by— By Mr. DEWINE (for himself, Mr. the National Park Service, a member (i) a State; or WARNER, and Mr. ROBB): of the Trust for Historic Preservation, (ii) a private institution, organization, or person. S. 2082. A bill to establish a program and a state historic preservation offi- to award grants to improve and main- (3) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ cer. This committee would make grant means the Secretary of the Interior, acting tain sites honoring Presidents of the recommendations to the Secretary of through the Director of the National Park United States; to the Committee on the Interior. Each grant would require Service. Energy and Natural Resources. that half of the funds come from non- SEC. 4. GRANTS FOR PRESIDENTIAL SITES. PRESIDENTIAL SITES IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 2000 federal sources. Up to $5 million would (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, I rise be made available annually. award grants for major maintenance and im- today to honor not only the birthday of With this legislation, we can do more provement projects at Presidential sites to our great nation’s first president, than just set one day aside to honor owners or operators of Presidential sites in George Washington, but all presidents our country’s dedicated leaders. We can accordance with this section. who followed in his foot steps. I am in- make a lasting commitment to pre- (b) USE OF GRANT FUNDS.— (1) IN GENERAL.—A grant awarded under troducing the Presidential Sites Im- serve their memory and contributions this section may be used for— provement Act of 2000, which would for generations to come. Our children (A) repairs or capital improvements at a create a new and innovative partner- and grandchildren should have the op- Presidential site (including new construction ship with public and private entities to portunity to understand the richness of for necessary modernization) such as—

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S687 (i) installation or repair of heating or air (A) the Director of the National Park Serv- Mr. President, I also want to thank conditioning systems, security systems, or ice; and each of these organizations for pre- electric service; or (B) 4 members appointed by the Secretary serving our country’s history, and for (ii) modifications at a Presidential site to as follows: providing our generation and future achieve compliance with requirements under (i) A State historic preservation officer. generations with information on the titles II and III of the Americans with Dis- (ii) A representative of the National Trust abilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12131 et seq.); for Historic Preservation. backgrounds and influences that tie and (iii) A representative of a site described in each President to his time in history, (B) interpretive improvements to enhance subsection (b)(2)(A)(ii). and his place in the national mosaic of public understanding and enjoyment of a (iv) A representative of a site described in our great democracy. Presidential site. subsection (b)(2)(A)(iii). I am pleased to be an original spon- (2) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.— (3) TERM.—A member of the Grant Com- sor of this bill, and I hope the Senate (A) IN GENERAL.—Of the funds made avail- mission shall serve a term of 2 years. will join us in supporting this legisla- able to award grants under this Act— (4) DUTIES.—The Grant Commission shall— tion, and moving it to quick passage. (i) 15 percent shall be used for emergency (A) review applications for Presidential projects, as determined by the Secretary; site grants received under subsection (c); and By Mr. ROBB (for himself, Mr. (ii) 65 percent shall be used for grants for (B) recommend to the Secretary projects MOYNIHAN, Mr. L. CHAFEE, Mr. Presidential sites with— for which Presidential site grants should be DODD, Mr. KERRY, Mr. LAUTEN- (I) a 3-year average annual operating budg- awarded. BERG IEBERMAN I et of less than $700,000 (not including the (5) INELIGIBILITY OF SITES DURING TERM OF , Mr. L , Ms. M - amount of any grant received under this sec- REPRESENTATIVE.—A site described in clause KULSKI, Mr. SARBANES, Mr. tion); and (iii) or (iv) of paragraph (2)(B) shall be ineli- SCHUMER, and Mr. WARNER): (II) an endowment in an amount that is gible for a grant under this Act during the 2- S. 2083. A bill to amend the Internal less than 3 times the annual operating budg- year period in which a representative of the Revenue Code of 1986 to provide a uni- et of the site; and site serves on the Grant Commission. form dollar limitation for all types of (iii) 20 percent shall be used for grants for (6) NONAPPLICABILITY OF FACA.—The Grant transportation fringe benefits exclud- Presidential sites with— Commission shall not be subject to the Fed- able from gross income, and for other (I) an annual operating budget of $700,000 eral Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.). purposes; to the Committee on Fi- or more (not including the amount of any (e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— grant received under this section); and There is authorized to be appropriated to nance. (II) an endowment in an amount that is carry out this Act $5,000,000 for each of fiscal COMMUTER BENEFITS EQUITY ACT OF 2000 equal to or more than 3 times the annual op- years 2001 through 2005, to remain available ∑ Mr. ROBB. Mr. President, today with erating budget of the site. until expended. Senator MOYNIHAN I introduce legisla- (B) UNEXPENDED FUNDS.—If any funds allo- Mr. ROBB. Mr. President, I rise tion that will continue our fight on cated for a category of projects described in today to join my colleagues Senators urban sprawl by encouraging the use of subparagraph (A) are unexpended, the Sec- DEWINE and WARNER to introduce a bill public transportation. The Commuter retary may use the funds to award grants for Benefits Equity Act of 2000 increases another category of projects described in aimed at preserving an important part that subparagraph. of our national heritage. The Presi- the tax exemption for transit and van passes to the same level as parking. (c) APPLICATION AND AWARD PROCEDURE.— dential Sites Improvement Act will (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than a date to help preserve and protect some of our Currently, we allow employers to pro- be determined by the Secretary, an owner or nation’s greatest historical treasures, vide up to $175 a month in tax-free operator of a Presidential site may submit to homes and other places close to the parking benefits, but only $65 a month the Secretary an application for a grant lives of U.S. Presidents. Mr. President, for transit. This makes no sense when under this section. the Commonwealth of Virginia is the our goal is to reduce the amount of (2) INVOLVEMENT OF GRANT COMMISSION.— traffic on our highways. (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall for- birthplace and home of some of our most illustrious presidents. We have The Commuter Benefits Equity Act ward each application received under para- of 2000 raises the limit on transit and honored those Presidents by preserving graph (1) to the Grant Commission. van passes up to the current limit for (B) CONSIDERATION BY GRANT COMMISSION.— their homes, and we honor our history parking passes, $175 a month. Both of Not later than 60 days after receiving an ap- by maintaining those homes and using these benefits will then be adjusted for plication from the Secretary under subpara- them to educate and remind ourselves inflation annually. To ensure that fed- graph (A), the Grant Commission shall re- of what has gone before. Mount eral employees can also take advan- turn the application to the Secretary a rec- Vernon, Monticello, and Montpelier are ommendation of whether the proposed tage of this benefit, the bill also elimi- famous for providing historic perspec- project should be awarded a Presidential site nates an outdated provision that cur- tive on what the nation was like during grant. rently precludes an employee from the years when their owners served our (C) RECOMMENDATION OF GRANT COMMIS- cashing out his employer-provided SION.—In making a decision to award a Presi- country. parking pass and using an employer- dential site grant under this section, the Not all Presidential homes are as provided transit pass instead. It is im- Secretary shall take into consideration any grand as Mount Vernon, nor were all recommendation of the Grant Commission. portant that federal employees have Presidents as well remembered and the same access to public transpor- (3) AWARD.—Not later than 180 days after honored as George Washington. But receiving an application for a Presidential tation benefits as do private sector em- site grant under paragraph (1), the Secretary each President has an important place ployees. shall— in American history, and their homes While this is but one step towards (A) award a Presidential site grant to the and other sites related to their lives, dealing with traffic congestion and the applicant; or remain an important part of our na- more comprehensive problem of sprawl, (B) notify the applicant, in writing, of the tion’s story. it is an important one. I will continue decision of the Secretary not to award a Many of these sites are owned by pri- to push for sensible legislation, like Presidential site grant. vate citizens, small community organi- (4) MATCHING REQUIREMENTS.— this bill, that continues to improve our zations, universities, and historical so- ∑ (A) IN GENERAL.—The Federal share of the quality of life. cost of a project at a Presidential site for cieties. These organizations don’t al- ∑ Mr. MOYNIHAN. Mr. President, I which a grant is awarded under this section ways have the funds available to keep wish to say a few words about the Com- shall not exceed 50 percent. the sites in good repair, provide fire muter Benefits Equity Act of 2000, (B) NON-FEDERAL SHARE.—The non-Federal protection, handicap access, and de- which Senator ROBB introduced today. share of the cost of a project at a Presi- velop interpretive displays that teach I am proud to join Senators SCHUMER, dential site for which a grant is awarded our nation’s history. The Presidential LAUTENBERG, LIEBERMAN, DODD, under this section may be provided in cash Sites Improvement Act is aimed pri- CHAFEE, MIKULSKI, WARNER, KERRY, or in kind. marily at those sites. We want to lend and SARBANES as a cosponsor of this (d) PRESIDENTIAL SITE GRANT COMMIS- a hand to those local organizations and legislation, which will provide substan- SION.— (1) IN GENERAL.—There is established the individuals who work to preserve the tial tax savings to American workers Presidential Site Grant Commission. story of individual Presidents in order and move commuters out of their cars, (2) COMPOSITION.—The Grant Commission to preserve the story of America’s off our congested highways, and onto shall be composed of— growth, and America’s greatness. mass transportation systems.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S688 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 The Commuter Benefits Equity Act By Mr. LUGAR: Under current tax law, when a cor- of 2000 represents the latest in a dec- S. 2084. A bill to amend the Internal poration donates food to a food bank, it ade-long series of Federal surface Revenue Code of 1986 to increase the is eligible to receive a ‘‘special rule’’ transportation policy reforms that amount of the charitable deduction al- tax deduction. Congress created the began with the Intermodal Surface lowable for contributions of food inven- ‘‘special rule’’ deduction in the Tax Re- Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 tory, and for other purposes; to the form Act of 1976 to provide a special in- (ISTEA). Instead of building highways Committee on Finance. centive for the donation of food to irrespective of need or economic jus- THE HUNGER RELIEF TAX INCENTIVE ACT charities that serve the poor. The ‘‘spe- tification, we have, since ISTEA, Mr. LUGAR. Mr. President, I rise cial rule’’ deduction allows a company turned our focus to improving the mo- today to introduce the Hunger Relief to deduct the cost (or basis) of the do- bility of Americans while reversing Tax Incentive Act. The United States nated product and up to 1⁄2 the mark-up some of the environmental degradation is experiencing one of the greatest eco- of the product’s fair market value. This caused by highway congestion. We have nomic expansions in our nation’s his- deduction is capped to not exceed twice made great progress and built formi- tory. Our country is in the enviable po- the cost basis. dable constituencies for balanced sition of experiencing both strong Unfortunately, when the ‘‘special transportation investments, but argu- growth and record low unemployment rule’’ deduction is applied to most do- ments over Federal transportation pri- and inflation. nations, companies have found that orities extend back to Alexander Ham- Unfortunately, some families have they do not even recoup their actual ilton and Thomas Jefferson. In short, not shared in this rising economic tide. production costs. Moreover, current we must remain vigilant. Last year, America’s Second Harvest tax law limits the ‘‘special rule’’ deduc- Under current law, employers may food banks, our nation’s largest hunger tion to corporations, thus disallowing permit employees to set aside up to $65 relief network, provided food assist- farmers, ranchers, small businesses and of their monthly pre-tax salary to pay ance to 26 million needy people. restaurant owners from receiving the for commuting costs. This benefit, Food banks and other charities are same tax benefits afforded to corporate known as the transit/vanpool ‘‘quali- finding it increasingly difficult to meet fied transportation fringe,’’ excludes up donors. all of the demand for food assistance. The Hunger Relief Tax Incentive Act to $780 of a worker’s annual salary Nearly 1 million needy and hungry peo- will encourage additional food dona- from Federal income taxes and reduces ple were turned away from food banks employer payroll taxes while encour- tions with three changes to our current last year for a lack of food, according law. First, this bill will extend these aging mass transit usage. If employers to Second Harvest. Statistics by the prefer, they may choose to offer the favorable tax incentives now afforded United States Department of Agri- only to corporate donors of food to all benefit in addition to an employee’s culture show that up to 96 billion salary. Under this system, workers re- business taxpayers. That means farm- pounds of food goes to waste each year ers, ranchers, small business and res- ceive a Federal tax-free benefit of up to in the United States. If a small per- $780 per year, which employers may taurant owners will benefit through centage of that food could be captured provide at a far lower cost than a com- tax incentives for their donations of and directed to food banks, signifi- mensurate salary increase. food to hungry people in their own These are sensible measures that pro- cantly more food would be available to community. mote environmentally sound com- those in need. Second, this legislation will enlarge In the past, food banks have gained muting practices, and reward working the tax deduction for donated food to donations from the inefficiencies of Americans. However, a similar benefit the fair market value of the product, manufacturing. Producing blemished exists for employer-provided parking not to exceed twice the product’s cost product or manufacturing too much spaces with a monthly cap of $175 per (basis). Although most companies will merchandise has provided charities month. For many commuters whose continue to recoup less than the entire companies offer both the transit/van- with a steady flow of donations. How- cost of production, the enhanced deduc- pool and parking benefits, driving to ever, technology has made businesses tion from the donation and the result- work can be significantly cheaper. and manufacturers significantly more ing heightened good-will makes donat- With this bill, my colleagues and I are efficient. Although beneficial to the ing food a more economically sound stating that the Federal government company’s bottom-line, donations have proposition. should, at minimum, treat transit com- lessened as a result. Furthermore, the Lastly, this bill will codify the Tax muters and those who drive to work advent of a seconds market, including Court ruling in ‘‘Lucky Stores, Inc. v. equally. Our proposal is to raise the dollar and value stores, has created ad- IRS’’. In that case, the Court upheld cap on the transit/vanpool benefit to ditional demand for these over-pro- the right of the taxpayer to determine $175. duced or cosmetically flawed products, the fair market value of donated food, A second feature of the bill expands placing another strain on this source of rather than the IRS. I agree that tax- the availability of the transit/vanpool food donations. payers are in the best position to deter- benefit to many Federal employees As Chairman of the Senate Agri- mine the appropriate fair market value who are precluded from using it be- culture Committee, I realize the impor- of these products. cause of Federal employee compensa- tant assistance provided through fed- Mr. President, the Hunger Relief Tax tion law. Specifically, under current eral nutrition programs. During the de- Incentive Act will help in our battle to law Federal employees may not ‘‘cash- bate on welfare reform, I fought for our feed needy Americans and I urge my out’’ their parking space benefit in ex- nation’s school lunch program, oppos- colleagues to support this measure. change for either taxable income or the ing the block granting of such funds in tax-free transit and vanpool benefit. order to ensure that low income chil- By Mr. LUGAR (for himself, Mr. This section of the bill permits Federal dren received at least one nutritious GREGG, and Mr. BREAUX): employees to enjoy the same benefits meal a day. I also fought successfully S. 2085. A bill to amend title II of the as their private sector counterparts. to maintain food stamps as an entitle- Social Security Act and the Internal I believe that this bill is long over- ment to ensure access to nutritious Revenue Code of 1986 to provide incen- due. Federal tax policy should not en- food for the nation’s poor. In 1997, Con- tives for older Americans to remain in courage people to drive to work, and gressman Lee Hamilton and I spon- the workforce beyond the age of eligi- Federal employees should not be pro- sored and passed legislation that gave bility for full Social Security benefits; hibited from enjoying the same tax charities that serve the poor pref- to the Committee on Finance. benefits as other working Americans. erential access to surplus federal prop- THE RETIRED AMERICANS RIGHT OF In passing this bill, we can institute a erty. The Hunger Relief Tax Incentive EMPLOYMENT ACT I measure of fairness into both Federal bill I am introducing today will com- S. 2086. A bill to amend title II of the tax policy and Federal employee com- plement these efforts and spur private Social Security and the Internal Rev- pensation. In addition, we can reduce donations of food products to food enue Code of 1986 to provide incentives automobile congestion and air pollu- banks and soup kitchens around the for older Americans to remain in the tion from our highways.∑ country. workforce beyond the age of eligibility

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S689 for full Social Security benefits; to the enced older Americans will be impor- that there is not a bias in the benefit Committee on Finance. tant to continue to improve our econ- formula that discourages working. THE RETIRED AMERICANS RIGHT OF omy and standard of living. Where the two bills differ is in the EMPLOYMENT ACT II The two bills I am introducing today fourth section, which uses the tax code Mr. LUGAR. Mr. President, I rise each make four changes to our laws in to induce individuals to work past the today with my colleagues, Senators an effort to encourage older Americans retirement age. The RARE Act I would GREGG and BREAUX, to introduce two to remain in the workforce. The most cut individuals’ portion of the FICA pieces of bipartisan legislation in- significant disincentive for working tax by 10 percent once they reach full tended to encourage older Americans past retirement age is the Social Secu- retirement age as an incentive for to remain in the workforce. Today rity earnings test and both bills I have them to stay in the workforce. Retirees more individuals wish to work and are introduced would eliminate it. In 2000, would see their FICA tax cut from 7.65 capable of working beyond retirement the earnings test provides that recipi- percent to 6.885 percent. Under current age. Yet our laws discourage such be- ents under age 65 may earn up to law, the Old-Age, Survivors, and Dis- havior. Our policies should provide pro- $10,080 a year in wages or self-employ- ability Insurance (OASDI) is currently ductive older Americans with incen- ment income without having their So- funded with a 6.2 percent tax on em- tives for staying in the workforce, pay- cial Security benefits affected. Those ployee wages up to $76,200 with a ing taxes, and strengthening our econ- aged 65–69 can earn up to $17,000 a year. matching contribution by the em- omy and Social Security System. For earnings above these amounts, re- ployer. The Hospital Insurance (HI) or The American economy, its work- cipients under age 65 lose $1 of benefits Medicare portion is funded through a force, and ensuing retirement patterns for each $2 of earnings, and those aged 1.45 percent tax on all wages with a have all changed dramatically since 65–69 lose $1 in benefits for each $3 of similar employer match. Because FICA Congress passed the Social Security earnings. taxes are levied on the first dollar of Act over sixty years ago. In 1935, when The earnings test was established wages earned, this tax reduction will the Social Security retirement age was during a time when our nation pushed benefit all income levels of retirees, in- set at age 65, most workers were em- older employees out of the workforce cluding those who choose to work part- ployed in physically demanding jobs in in order to make room for a younger time after retirement. either the manufacturing or agricul- generation. Our economy is in need of The second bill, the RARE Act II, tural sectors. The physical strain of all productive workers, including the takes a bolder tax cutting approach. It work and the resulting health problems growing pool of experienced older would provide individuals who have made it difficult for individuals to con- Americans. The antiquated Social Se- reached the full retirement age with a tinue to labor past the age of 65. Fur- curity earnings test remains an oner- tax credit equal to the lesser of 10 per- thermore, most individuals were not ous work disincentive for older Ameri- cent of the amount of income tax owed expected to live much beyond the age cans and it should be eliminated. The or the earned income of an individual. of retirement. The life expectancy of elimination of the earnings test was This provision would effectively reward individuals born in 1935 was only 61 one of the recommendations contained older Americans who continue to earn years. in the final report of the 21st Century and to pay taxes past the age of retire- Today’s economy and workforce dif- National Commission on Retirement ment. fers greatly from the industrial one Policy. Mr. President, the Retired Americans that Social Security was designed to The second provision contained in Right of Employment Acts are augment. The current American em- both pieces of legislation would change thoughtful pieces of legislation aimed ployment base is mostly service and the Social Security benefit formula to at keeping productive workers engaged technology driven. These sectors do include all earnings years in the cal- in our economy and I urge my col- not take as much of a physical toll on culation of an individual’s benefit, in- leagues to support these bipartisan ef- workers. Compared with the 1950’s that cluding those that occur after retire- forts. witnessed 20 percent of the workforce ment. Under current law, the Social f Security Administration determines an in physically taxing jobs, today those ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS figures are closer to 7 percent. individual’s retirement benefit by The health and life expectancy of using the average of the top 35 earnings S. 38 older Americans also has improved dra- years prior to an individual’s eligi- At the request of Mr. CAMPBELL, the matically since Social Security was en- bility age. For most people, retirement name of the Senator from Washington acted. In the past decade, the rate of eligibility occurs at age 62. This means (Mr. GORTON) was added as a cosponsor disability among older Americans has that for most Americans, those earn- of S. 38, a bill to amend the Internal been falling nearly three times as fast ings that occur after age 62 are not ac- Revenue Code of 1986 to phase out the as the previous eight decades. Older counted for in an individual’s benefit estate and gift taxes over a 10-year pe- Americans are living longer and calculation. This anomaly in the law riod. healthier as a result of improvements provides a disincentive to work past re- S. 39 in medicine and treatment. According tirement age. Our two bills would ad- At the request of Mr. ROBB, his name to Frank Williams, a professor of medi- dress this by including all earnings was added as a cosponsor of S. 39, a bill cine at the University of Rochester, years in the benefit formula. Retirees to provide a national medal for public the approaching trend for older Ameri- will be rewarded through a higher ben- safety officers who act with extraor- cans will be to experience a longer efit for continuing to work and pay dinary valor above the call of duty, and ‘‘health span’’ during their retirement taxes. for other purposes. years and a brief acute illness before The third provision would make ad- S. 71 death, rather than years of costly, justments to the benefit formula for At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the chronic disability. Other studies have those who retire early and those who name of the Senator from Delaware supported these findings. This suggests delay retirement. The 21st Century Na- (Mr. BIDEN) was added as a cosponsor of that older Americans have the physical tional Commission on Retirement Pol- S. 71, a bill to amend title 38, United abilities to continue to work beyond icy recommends adjustments to the States Code, to establish a presump- retirement age if they so choose. early retirement benefit level and the tion of service-connection for certain Unfortunately, laws remain on the delayed retirement credit to reflect veterans with Hepatitis C, and for books that are designed to penalize more accurately the value of extra other purposes. older Americans for staying in the taxes paid if retirement is delayed. Ac- S. 119 workforce past retirement age. We can- tuarial studies have found that the So- At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the not afford to discourage older Ameri- cial Security benefit formula is cur- name of the Senator from Vermont cans from working. As our economy rently weighted to favor those individ- (Mr. JEFFORDS) was added as a cospon- grows and the baby-boomers approach uals who retire early and against those sor of S. 119, a bill to establish a North- retirement, productive workers will be who delay retirement. These bills ad- ern Border States-Canada Trade Coun- scarce. Tapping into the pool of experi- just the benefit calculation to ensure cil, and for other purposes.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S690 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 S. 158 (Mrs. FEINSTEIN) was added as a co- S. 1642 At the request of Mr. ROBB, his name sponsor of S. 910, a bill to streamline, At the request of Mr. COCHRAN, the was added as a cosponsor of S. 158, a modernize, and enhance the authority name of the Senator from North Da- bill to amend title 18, United States of the Secretary of Agriculture relat- kota (Mr. CONRAD) was added as a co- Code, to regulate the manufacture, im- ing to plant protection and quarantine, sponsor of S. 1642, a bill to amend part portation, and sale of ammunition ca- and for other purposes. F of title X of the Elementary and Sec- pable of piercing police body armor. S. 922 ondary Education Act of 1965 to im- S. 162 At the request of Mr. ABRAHAM, the prove and refocus civic education, and At the request of Mr. BREAUX, the name of the Senator from North Da- for other purposes. name of the Senator from Tennessee kota (Mr. DORGAN) was added as a co- S. 1729 (Mr. FRIST) was added as a cosponsor of sponsor of S. 922, a bill to prohibit the At the request of Mr. CAMPBELL, the S. 162, a bill to amend the Internal use of the ‘‘Made in the USA’’ label on names of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. Revenue Code of 1986 to change the de- products of the Commonwealth of the CRAPO) and the Senator from Michigan termination of the 50,000-barrel refin- Northern Mariana Islands and to deny (Mr. ABRAHAM) were added as cospon- ery limitation on oil depletion deduc- such products duty-free and quota-free sors of S. 1729, a bill to amend the Na- tion from a daily basis to an annual av- treatment. tional Trails System Act to clarify erage daily basis. S. 1314 Federal authority relating to land ac- S. 285 At the request of Mr. LEAHY, the quisition from willing sellers for the At the request of Mr. CRAIG, his name name of the Senator from Michigan majority of the trails, and for other was added as a cosponsor of S. 285, a (Mr. ABRAHAM) was added as a cospon- purposes. bill to amend title II of the Social Se- sor of S. 1314, a bill to establish a grant S. 1886 curity Act to restore the link between program to assist State and local law At the request of Mr. INHOFE, the the maximum amount of earnings by enforcement in deterring, inves- name of the Senator from Alaska (Mr. blind individuals permitted without tigating, and prosecuting computer MURKOWSKI) was added as a cosponsor demonstrating ability to engage in sub- crimes. of S. 1886, a bill to amend the Clean Air stantial gainful activity and the ex- S. 1361 Act to permit the Governor of a State empt amount permitted in determining At the request of Mr. STEVENS, the to waive the oxygen content require- excess earnings under the earnings name of the Senator from North Caro- ment for reformulated gasoline, to en- test. lina (Mr. EDWARDS) was added as a co- courage development of voluntary S. 311 sponsor of S. 1361, a bill to amend the standards to prevent and control re- At the request of Mr. GRAHAM, his Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of leases of methyl tertiary butyl ether name was added as a cosponsor of S. 1977 to provide for an expanded Federal from underground storage tanks, and 311, a bill to authorize the Disabled program of hazard mitigation, relief, for other purposes. Veterans’ LIFE Memorial Foundation and insurance against the risk of cata- S. 1902 to establish a memorial in the District strophic natural disasters, such as hur- At the request of Mrs. FEINSTEIN, the of Columbia or its environs, and for ricanes, earthquakes, and volcanic names of the Senator from Minnesota other purposes. eruptions, and for other purposes. (Mr. WELLSTONE) and the Senator from S. 459 S. 1384 Minnesota (Mr. GRAMS) were added as At the request of Mr. BREAUX, the At the request of Mr. ABRAHAM, the cosponsors of S. 1902, a bill to require name of the Senator from Nevada (Mr. name of the Senator from Delaware disclosure under the Freedom of Infor- REID) was added as a cosponsor of S. (Mr. ROTH) was added as a cosponsor of mation Act regarding certain persons 459, a bill to amend the Internal Rev- S. 1384, a bill to amend the Public and records of the Japanese Imperial enue Code of 1986 to increase the State Health Service Act to provide for a na- Army in a manner that does not impair ceiling on private activity bonds. tional folic acid education program to any investigation or prosecution con- S. 521 prevent birth defects, and for other ducted by the Department of Justice or At the request of Mr. ROBB, his name purposes. certain intelligence matters, and for was added as a cosponsor of S. 521, a S. 1419 other purposes. bill to amend part Y of title I of the At the request of Ms. LANDRIEU, her S. 1921 Omnibus Crime Control and Safe name was added as a cosponsor of S. At the request of Mr. CAMPBELL, the Streets Act of 1968 to provide for a 1419, a bill to amend title 36, United names of the Senator from Pennsyl- waiver of or reduction in the matching States Code, to designate May as ‘‘Na- vania (Mr. SANTORUM), the Senator funds requirement in the case of fiscal tional Military Appreciation Month.’’ from Illinois (Mr. DURBIN), and the hardship. S. 1480 Senator from Washington (Mrs. MUR- S. 783 At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the RAY) were added as cosponsors of S. At the request of Mr. ROBB, his name name of the Senator from Oregon (Mr. 1921, a bill to authorize the placement was added as a cosponsor of S. 783, a SMITH) was added as a cosponsor of S. within the site of the Vietnam Vet- bill to limit access to body armor by 1480, a bill to amend title XVIII of the erans Memorial of a plaque to honor violent felons and to facilitate the do- Social Security Act to assure access of Vietnam veterans who died after their nation of Federal surplus body armor medicare beneficiaries to prescription service in the Vietnam war, but as a di- to State and local law enforcement drug coverage through the SPICE drug rect result of that service. agencies. benefit program. S. 1924 S. 796 S. 1487 At the request of Mr. LEAHY, the At the request of Mr. WELLSTONE, the At the request of Mr. AKAKA, the name of the Senator from Maryland name of the Senator from Michigan name of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. (Ms. MIKULSKI) was added as a cospon- (Mr. LEVIN) was added as a cosponsor of CLELAND) was added as a cosponsor of sor of S. 1924, a bill to ensure personal S. 796, a bill to provide for full parity S. 1487, a bill to provide for excellence privacy with respect to financial infor- with respect to health insurance cov- in economic education, and for other mation, to provide customers notice erage for certain severe biologically- purposes. and choice about how their financial based mental illnesses and to prohibit S. 1563 institutions share or sell their person- limits on the number of mental illness- At the request of Mr. ABRAHAM, the ally identifiable sensitive financial in- related hospital days and outpatient name of the Senator from Ohio (Mr. formation, to provide for strong en- visits that are covered for all mental DEWINE) was added as a cosponsor of S. forcement of these rights, and to pro- illnesses. 1563, a bill to establish the Immigra- tect States’ rights. S. 910 tion Affairs Agency within the Depart- S. 1941 At the request of Mr. CRAIG, the ment of Justice, and for other pur- At the request of Mr. DODD, the name name of the Senator from California poses. of the Senator from Massachusetts

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S691 (Mr. KENNEDY) was added as a cospon- North Carolina (Mr. HELMS) were added of S. 2047, a bill to direct the Secretary sor of S. 1941, a bill to amend the Fed- as cosponsors of S. 2005, a bill to repeal of Energy to create a Heating Oil Re- eral Fire Prevention and Control Act of the modification of the installment serve to be available for use when fuel 1974 to authorize the Director of the method. oil prices in the United States rise Federal Emergency Management Agen- S. 2012 sharply because of anticompetitive ac- cy to provide assistance to fire depart- At the request of Mr. KYL, the names tivity, during a fuel oil shortage, or ments and fire prevention organiza- of the Senator from Kentucky (Mr. during periods of extreme winter tions for the purpose of protecting the BUNNING) and the Senator from Ten- weather. public and firefighting personnel nessee (Mr. THOMPSON) were added as S. 2056 against fire and fire-related hazards. cosponsors of S. 2012, a bill to amend At the request of Mr. JOHNSON, the S. 1946 the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to names of the Senator from Vermont At the request of Mr. INHOFE, the allow a credit against income tax to el- (Mr. LEAHY), the Senator from New name of the Senator from Louisiana ementary and secondary school teach- Mexico (Mr. BINGAMAN), the Senator (Mr. BREAUX) was added as a cosponsor ers who provide classroom materials. from Minnesota (Mr. WELLSTONE), and of S. 1946, a bill to amend the National S. 2018 the Senator from Connecticut (Mr. LIE- Environmental Education Act to redes- At the request of Mrs. HUTCHISON, the BERMAN) were added as cosponsors of S. ignate that Act as the ‘‘John H. Chafee name of the Senator from Tennessee 2056, a bill to amend the Richard B. Environmental Education Act,’’ to es- (Mr. THOMPSON) was added as a cospon- Russell National School Lunch Act to tablish the John H. Chafee Memorial sor of S. 2018, a bill to amend title ensure an adequate level of commodity Fellowship Program, to extend the pro- XVIII of the Social Security Act to re- purchases under the school lunch pro- grams under that Act, and for other vise the update factor used in making gram. purposes. payments to PPS hospitals under the S. 2062 S. 1962 medicare program. At the request of Mr. DEWINE, the names of the Senator from New York At the request of Mr. ASHCROFT, the S. 2021 (Mr. SCHUMER) and the Senator from name of the Senator from Pennsyl- At the request of Mr. ROBB, his name Virginia (Mr. WARNER) were added as vania (Mr. SANTORUM) was added as a was added as a cosponsor of S. 2021, a cosponsors of S. 2062, a bill to amend cosponsor of S. 1962, a bill to amend the bill to prohibit high school and college chapter 4 of title 39, United States Congressional Budget Act of 1974 to sports gambling in all States including Code, to allow postal patrons to con- protect Social Security and Medicare States where such gambling was per- tribute to funding for organ and tissue surpluses through strengthened budg- mitted prior to 1991. donation awareness through the vol- etary enforcement mechanisms. At the request of Mr. BROWNBACK, the untary purchase of certain specially S. 1983 names of the Senator from Illinois (Mr. issued United States postage stamps. At the request of Mr. CRAIG, the FITZGERALD) and the Senator from S. 2068 name of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. Pennsylvania (Mr. SANTORUM) were COVERDELL) was added as a cosponsor added as cosponsors of S. 2021, supra. At the request of Mr. GREGG, the name of the Senator from Minnesota of S. 1983, a bill to amend the Agricul- S. 2023 tural Trade Act of 1978 to increase the (Mr. GRAMS) was added as a cosponsor At the request of Mr. LIEBERMAN, the of S. 2068, a bill to prohibit the Federal amount of funds available for certain names of the Senator from Minnesota agricultural trade programs. Communications Commission from es- (Mr. GRAMS), the Senator from Ne- tablishing rules authorizing the oper- S. 1988 braska (Mr. KERREY), and the Senator ation of new, low power FM radio sta- At the request of Mr. DASCHLE, the from Illinois (Mr. DURBIN) were added tions. names of the Senator from Minnesota as cosponsors of S. 2023, a bill to pro- S. CON. RES. 69 (Mr. GRAMS) and the Senator from Wis- vide for the establishment of Indi- At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the consin (Mr. KOHL) were added as co- vidual Development Accounts (IDAs) names of the Senator from Mississippi sponsors of S. 1988, a bill to reform the that will allow individuals and families (Mr. COCHRAN), the Senator from Geor- State inspection of meat and poultry in with limited means an opportunity to gia (Mr. CLELAND), and the Senator the United States, and for other pur- accumulate assets, to access education, from Washington (Mrs. MURRAY) were poses. to own their own homes and busi- added as cosponsors of S. Con. Res. 69, S. 1993 nesses, and ultimately to achieve eco- a concurrent resolution requesting nomic self-sufficiency, and for other At the request of Mr. THOMPSON, the that the United States Postal Service purposes. name of the Senator from Michigan issue a commemorative postal stamp (Mr. ABRAHAM) was added as a cospon- S. 2029 honoring the 200th anniversary of the sor of S. 1993, a bill to reform Govern- At the request of Mr. FRIST, the naval shipyard system. ment information security by strength- names of the Senator from Arizona S. CON. RES. 81 ening information security practices (Mr. MCCAIN), and the Senator from At the request of Mr. ROTH, the name throughout the Federal Government. South Dakota (Mr. JOHNSON) were of the Senator from Mississippi (Mr. S. 2001 added as cosponsors of S. 2029, a bill to LOTT) was added as a cosponsor of S. At the request of Mr. GRAMS, the amend the Communications Act of 1934 Con. Res. 81, a concurrent resolution name of the Senator from Michigan to prohibit telemarketers from inter- expressing the sense of the Congress (Mr. ABRAHAM) was added as a cospon- fering with the caller identification that the Government of the People’s sor of S. 2001, a bill to protect the So- service of any person to whom a tele- Republic of China should immediately cial Security and Medicare surpluses phone solicitation is made, and for release Rabiya Kadeer, her secretary, by requiring a sequester to eliminate other purposes. and her son, and permit them to move any deficit. S. 2030 to the United States if they so desire. S. 2003 At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the S.J. RES. 26 At the request of Mr. JOHNSON, the name of the Senator from Massachu- At the request of Mr. SMITH of New name of the Senator from South Caro- setts (Mr. KERRY) was added as a co- Hampshire, the name of the Senator lina (Mr. HOLLINGS) was added as a co- sponsor of S. 2030, a bill to authorize from Wyoming (Mr. ENZI) was added as sponsor of S. 2003, a bill to restore microfinance and food assistance for a cosponsor of S.J. Res. 26, a joint reso- health care coverage to retired mem- communities affected by the Acquired lution expressing the sense of Congress bers of the uniformed services. Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), with respect to the courtmartial con- S. 2005 and for other purposes. viction of the late Rear Admiral At the request of Mr. BURNS, the S. 2047 Charles Butler McVay, III, and calling names of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. At the request of Mr. DODD, the name upon the President to award a Presi- CRAPO), the Senator from New Mexico of the Senator from New Jersey (Mr. dential Unit Citation to the final crew (Mr. DOMENICI), and the Senator from TORRICELLI) was added as a cosponsor of the U.S.S. Indianapolis.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S692 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 S.J. RES. 39 AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED On page 13, line 8, strike ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and At the request of Mr. CAMPBELL, the Space Agency’’. names of the Senator from Michigan IRAN NONPROLIFERATION ACT OF On page 13, line 10, insert after ‘‘Service (Mr. ABRAHAM), the Senator from Ken- Module’’ the following: ‘‘, and for the pur- tucky (Mr. BUNNING), the Senator from 2000 chase (at a total cost not to exceed Mississippi (Mr. COCHRAN), the Senator $14,000,000) of the pressure dome for the In- from Georgia (Mr. COVERDELL), the terim Control Module and the Androgynous LOTT (AND OTHERS) AMENDMENT Peripheral Docking Adapter and related Senator from Illinois (Mr. DURBIN), the NO. 2820 hardware for the United States propulsion Senator from North Carolina (Mr. module,’’. Mr. LOTT (for himself, Mr. DASCHLE, EDWARDS), the Senator from New On page 13, line 15, insert ‘‘credible’’ before Hampshire (Mr. GREGG), the Senator Mr. LEVIN, Mr. HELMS, and Mr. LIEBER- ‘‘information’’. from Utah (Mr. HATCH), the Senator MAN) proposed an amendment to the On page 17, beginning on line 15, strike from Vermont (Mr. JEFFORDS), the Sen- bill (H.R. 1883) to provide for the appli- ‘‘RUSSIAN SPACE AGENCY’’ and insert ‘‘RUSSIAN AVIATION AND SPACE AGENCY’’. ator from Vermont (Mr. LEAHY), the cation of measures to foreign persons who transfer to Iran certain goods, On page 17, beginning on line 17, strike Senator from Indiana (Mr. LUGAR), and ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Rus- the Senator from Arizona (Mr. MCCAIN) services, or technology, and for other sian Aviation and Space Agency’’. were added as cosponsors of S.J. Res. purposes; as follows: On page 18, beginning on line 1, strike 39, a joint resolution recognizing the On page 2, line 3, strike ‘‘1999’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Rus- 50th anniversary of the Korean War ‘‘2000’’. sian Aviation and Space Agency or Russian On page 5, beginning on line 7, strike ‘‘No. Space Agency’’. and the service by members of the On page 18, line 6, strike ‘‘Russian Space Armed Forces during such war, and for 12938’’ and all that follows through the pe- riod and insert ‘‘No. 12938.’’. Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and other purposes. On page 5, beginning on line 9, strike ‘‘The Space Agency or Russian Space Agency’’. S. RES. 87 United States’’ and all that follows through On page 18, line 10, strike ‘‘Russian Space ‘‘shall terminate’’ and insert ‘‘Prohibition on Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the United States Government sales to that for- Space Agency’’. names of the Senator from New York eign person of any item on the United States On page 18, beginning on line 13, strike (Mr. SCHUMER), the Senator from Cali- Munitions List as in effect on August 8, 1995, ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Rus- sian Aviation and Space Agency or Russian fornia (Mrs. FEINSTEIN), and the Sen- and termination of’’. Space Agency’’. ator from Ohio (Mr. DEWINE) were On page 5, beginning on line 16, strike ‘‘The On page 18, line 15, strike ‘‘Russian Space added as cosponsors of S. Res. 87, a res- President shall deny licenses and suspend’’ Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and olution commemorating the 60th Anni- and insert ‘‘Denial of licenses and suspension Space Agency or Russian Space Agency’’. versary of the International Visitors of’’. On page 18, line 16, strike ‘‘Russian Space Program. On page 8 between lines 23 and 24, insert Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and the following: Space Agency or Russian Space Agency’’. S. RES. 128 (b) OPPORTUNITY TO PROVIDE INFORMA- f At the request of Mr. COCHRAN, the TION.—Congress urges the President— name of the Senator from North Da- (1) in every appropriate case, to contact in NOTICES OF HEARINGS a timely fashion each foreign person identi- kota (Mr. CONRAD) was added as a co- COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, NUTRITION, AND fied in each report submitted pursuant to FORESTRY sponsor of S. Res. 128, a resolution des- section 2(a), or the government with primary ignating March 2000, as ‘‘Arts Edu- jurisdiction over such person, in order to af- Mr. LUGAR. Mr. President, I would cation Month.’’ ford such person, or governments, the oppor- like to announce that the Senate Com- S. RES. 247 tunity to provide explanatory, exculpatory, mittee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and or other additional information with respect Forestry will meet on February 23, At the request of Mr. CAMPBELL, the to the transfer that caused such person to be 2000, in SD–106 at 9 a.m. The purpose of name of the Senator from West Vir- identified in a report submitted pursuant to this meeting will be to discuss the ginia (Mr. ROCKEFELLER) was added as section 2(a); and EPA’s water quality regulations of Au- a cosponsor of S. Res. 247, a resolution (2) to exercise the authority in subsection gust 23, 1999. commemorating and acknowledging (a) in all cases where information obtained from a foreign person identified in a report COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS the dedication and sacrifice made by Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, I the men and women who have lost submitted pursuant to section 2(a), or from the government with primary jurisdiction would like to announce that the Senate their lives while serving as law en- over such person, establishes that the exer- Committee on Indian Affairs will con- forcement officers. cise of such authority is warranted. duct an oversight hearing on the Presi- S. RES. 248 On page 8, line 24, strike ‘‘(b)’’ and insert dent’s budget request for Indian pro- ‘‘(c)’’. At the request of Mr. ROBB, the grams for fiscal year 2001 beginning at On page 9, line 11, strike ‘‘Russian Space 9:30 a.m. on Wednesday, February 23, names of the Senator from North Da- Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and kota (Mr. DORGAN), the Senator from Space Agency’’. 2000. The hearing will be held in the Texas (Mr. GRAMM), the Senator from On page 9, beginning on line 12, strike committee room, 485 Russell Senate North Carolina (Mr. HELMS), the Sen- ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Rus- Building. ator from Hawaii (Mr. INOUYE), the sian Aviation and Space Agency’’. Those wishing additional information Senator from South Dakota (Mr. JOHN- On page 10, beginning on line 11, strike may contact committee staff at 202/224– SON), the Senator from Nebraska (Mr. ‘‘through the implementation of concrete 2251. steps’’. KERREY), the Senator from Maryland COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, NUTRITION, AND On page 10, beginning on line 16, strike ‘‘, FORESTRY (Ms. MIKULSKI), and the Senator from including through the imposition of mean- West Virginia (Mr. ROCKEFELLER) were Mr. LUGAR. Mr. President, I would ingful penalties on persons who make such like to announce that the Senate Com- added as cosponsors of S. Res. 248, a transfers’’. resolution to designate the week of On page 10, line 19, strike ‘‘Russian Space mittee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and May 7, 2000, as ‘‘National Correctional Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and Forestry will meet on February 24, Officers and Employees Week.’’ Space Agency’’. 2000, in SR–328A at 10 a.m. The purpose On page 10, line 21, strike ‘‘Russian Space of this meeting will be to discuss risk S. RES. 251 Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and management crop/insurance and pos- At the request of Mr. SPECTER, the Space Agency’’. sibly other issues before the Agri- names of the Senator from South Da- On page 11, line 25, strike ‘‘Russian Space culture Committee. Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and kota (Mr. JOHNSON) and the Senator COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL Space Agency’’. from West Virginia (Mr. BYRD) were RESOURCES added as cosponsors of S. Res. 251, a On page 12, line 2, strike ‘‘Russian Space Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I resolution designating March 25, 2000, Space Agency’’. would like to announce that a full com- as ‘‘Greek Independence Day: A Na- On page 13, line 6, strike ‘‘Russian Space mittee hearing has been scheduled be- tional Day of Celebration of Greek and Agency’’ and insert ‘‘Russian Aviation and fore the Committee on Energy and Nat- American Democracy.’’ Space Agency’’. ural Resources.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S693 The hearing will take place Thurs- mittee on Foreign Relations be author- first 36 years of his life as a Minneso- day, February 24, 2000, at 9:30 a.m. in ized to meet during the session of the tan, an artist who through his work— room SH–216 of the Hart Senate Office Senate on Tuesday, February 22, 2000, and his work ethic—illustrated the val- Building in Washington, DC. at 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. to hold two ues cherished by the people of my The purpose of this hearing is to ex- hearings. state, and the dreams, ambitions, and amine energy supply and demand The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without even aggravations of nearly everybody issues relating to crude oil, heating oil, objection, it is so ordered. else. and transportation fuels in light of the COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY Today, I pay tribute to Charles M. rise in price of these fuels. Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I ask Schulz. Those who wish to submit written unanimous consent that the Com- The ‘‘Peanuts’’ comic strip that ran testimony should write to the Com- mittee on the Judiciary be authorized in newspapers worldwide on February mittee on Energy and Natural Re- to meet to conduct a hearing on Tues- 13 was meant as a good-bye from the sources, U.S. Senate, Washington, DC day, February 22, 2000, at 3:00 p.m., in cartoonist to his creation and a thank- 20510. Presentation of oral testimony is SD226. you to its legions of fans. Instead, it by committee invitation only. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without turned out to be a fitting farewell to objection, it is so ordered. PERMANENT SUBCOMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS the cartoonist himself when Charles SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE Schulz passed away the day before its Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, I would Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I ask like to announce for the information of publication. unanimous consent that the Select Mr. President, I regret that I never the Senate and the public that the Per- Committee on Intelligence be author- manent Subcommittee on Investiga- had the privilege of meeting Charles ized to meet during the session of the Schulz, but I felt like I knew him any- tions of the Committee on Govern- Senate on Tuesday, February 22, 2000 at mental Affairs, will hold two days of way. That is a sentiment the artist un- 2:30 p.m. to hold a closed hearing on in- derstood. ‘‘If you want to know me, hearing entitled ‘‘Day Trading: Every- telligence matters. one Gambles But The House.’’ This ready my comic strip,’’ he would say to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without inquiring journalists. So, the journal- subcommittee hearing will focus on the objection, it is so ordered. practices and operations of the securi- ists did, along with much of the rest of SUBCOMMITTEE ON FORESTS AND PUBLIC LANDS the planet. ties day trading industry. Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I ask The hearings will take place on At its peak popularity, ‘‘Peanuts’’ unanimous consent that the Sub- was published in more than 2,600 news- Thursday, February 24, 2000, and Fri- committee on Forests and Public day, February 25, 2000, at 9:30 a.m. each papers in 20 languages in 75 countries, Lands of the Senate Committee on En- and had 350 million daily readers. day in room 342 of the Dirksen Senate ergy and Natural Resources be author- Office Building. The artist’s observations on life from ized to meet during the session of the a child’s point of view were inter- SUBCOMMITTEE ON WATER AND POWER Senate on Tuesday, February 22 at 2:30 nationally acclaimed. Charles Schulz p.m. to conduct an oversight hearing. Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Mr. President, twice won comic art’s highest honor. I would like to announce for the infor- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. He was named International Cartoonist mation of the Senate and the public of the Year. Adaptations of his work CAUCUS ON INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL that a hearing has been scheduled be- garnered Emmy and Tonay Awards, fore the Subcommittee on Water and AND THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE even the prestigious Peabody Award. Power of the Committee on Energy and Today, Charlie Brown and his com- Natural Resources to consider the Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate panions can be found everywhere * * * President’s proposed fiscal year 2001 Caucus on International Narcotics Con- populating Camp Snoopy at the Mall of budget for the Bureau of Reclamation trol and the Subcommittee on Inter- America, starring in books, TV shows, (Department of the Interior); and the national Trade of the Committee on Fi- movies, and on the Broadway stage, Bonnevile Power Administration, the nance be authorized to meet during the and gracing everything from pencils Southeastern Power Administration, session of the Senate on February 22, and backpacks to sheets, shoelaces, the Southwestern Power Administra- 2000 at 10:00 a.m. to hear testimony re- and greeting cards. tion, and the Western Area Power Ad- garding U.S. Assistance Options for the All this from a private man who was ministration (Department of Energy). Andes. most content in letting has art speak The hearing will be held on Tuesday, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without for itself. March 7, 2000, beginning at 2:30., in objection, it is so ordered. Charles Schulz was quite simply the room SD–366 of the Dirksen Senate Of- f best, most honored, and most beloved fice Building in Washington, DC. cartoonist of the entire 20th century. Those who wish to submit written PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR Success, however, never diminished the statements, should write to the Com- Mr. WELLSTONE. I ask unanimous enthusiasm he brought to his work or mittee on Energy and Natural Re- consent that Jill Hickson, who is a fel- his passion for doing it right; up until sources, U.S. Senate, Washington, DC low in our office, be allowed to be on the day he retired, he insisted on draw- 20510. the floor during the duration of this de- ing, lettering, and coloring every frame f bate. of every cartoon panel himself. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ‘‘Why do musicians compose sym- AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO objection, it is so ordered. MEET phonies and poets write poems?’’ he Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I ask once asked. ‘‘The do it because life COMMITTEE ON HEALTH, EDUCATION, LABOR, unanimous consent Mike Daly, a fellow wouldn’t have any meaning for them if AND PENSIONS in the office of Senator ABRAHAM, be they did not. That is why I draw car- Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I ask granted the privilege of the floor for toons.’’ unanimous consent that the Com- the period of the consideration of H.R. What most ‘‘Peanuts’’ fans—at least mittee on Health, Education, Labor, 1883, the Iran Nonproliferation Act of those outside of Minnesota—probably and Pensions be authorized to meet for 2000. do not know is how Charles Schulz The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without a hearing on Medical Errors: Adminis- came to be a cartoonist. Well, that objection, it is so ordered. trative Response and Other Perspec- story begins in the Twin Cities. tives during the session of the Senate f Charles Monroe Schulz was born in on Tuesday February 22, 2000, at 9:30 ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS Minneapolis on November 26, 1922, al- a.m. though he spent the majority of his The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without youth across the river in St. Paul. An objection, it is so ordered. TRIBUTE TO ‘‘PEANUTS’’ CREATOR only child, he grew up in an apartment COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS CHARLES M. SCHULZ on the corner of Selby and Snelling Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I ask ∑ Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I rise Avenues, above the Family Barbershop unanimous consent that the Com- today to honor a man who spent the owned and operated by his father.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S694 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 Charles Schulz went by the nickname Charlie Brown’s goofs are familiar to her jovial nature, Verle and his wife, ‘‘Sparky,’’ a tribute from his comic- everybody, children and adults alike.’’ Colleen, thought their old friend was loving father to another popular comic No wonder he considered Charlie Brown kidding when she first offered to do- strip character of the day. The young his alter ago. ‘‘There is a lot of myself nate. boy’s interest in cartooning first took in his character, too,’’ he said. Luckily, Debbie and Verle were a hold about the time Charles was six, In his art, Charles Schulz could be match, and after surgery last Novem- and was spurred after his graduation tender, insightful, sometimes sar- ber, both are doing well. This story, from St. Paul Central High by a cor- castic, heartbreaking, hilarious, and Mr. President, is a great testament to respondence course ad that read ‘‘Do occasionally sentimental. Always, his the truly good and giving nature of you like to draw?’’ His parents paid the work was centered in a deep spiritu- people. I rise today to thank Debbie $170 tuition in installments, although ality. Though it occasionally drove his Laakso for her good nature and good they may have questioned their invest- fans mad, there was a practical reason humor and to congratulate her and ment when the class on drawing chil- why his comics were frequently tinged Verle Jucht on their bravery and cour- dren netted Charles a grade of just C- with pathos. In his 1980 book, ‘‘Charlie age. Debbie serves as a model of good- plus. Brown, Snoopy and Me,’’ the artist ness and friendship for all Americans, After serving as an army tailgunner wrote, ‘‘You can’t create humor out of and their story is an account for all of in Europe, Charles Schulz returned to happiness. I’m astonished at the num- the importance of the ‘‘Gift of Life.’’∑ Minnesota and earned his first pay- ber of people who write to me saying, f check as a cartoonist by working on a ‘Why can’t you create happy stories for RELEASE OF SONG YONGYI Catholic magazine feature. He also us? Why does Charlie Brown always taught art, and sold 15 cartoons to the have to lose? Why can’t you let him ∑ Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, I Saturday Evening Post. He created his kick the football?’ Well, there is noth- rise today to celebrate the safe return first feature for the St. Paul Pioneer ing funny about the person who gets to of Song Yongyi to his home and family Press in 1947. ‘‘L’il Folks’’ was brought kick the football.’’ in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Mr. Song, Li- in 1950 by United Feature Syndicate, Mr. President, I am proud to co-spon- brarian at Dickinson College, was re- christened with a new name, and Char- sor legislation offered by my colleague cently freed from a Chinese detention lie Brown and ‘‘Peanuts’’ debuted on from California, Senator FEINSTEIN, to center after a detainment of 172 days. October 2 in seven newspapers. Two award Charles Schulz the Congres- Mr. Song was born on December 15, days later, Snoopy was introduced to sional Gold Medal. I am pleased our 1949 in Shanghai where he attended ele- the world. colleagues in the House have already mentary and middle school. During the A phenomenon was born. adopted this resolution. While I wish Chinese Cultural Revolution, his edu- More than a few books, college the- we had accorded the cartoonist this cation was interrupted and Mr. Song ses, and critical essays have tried to great honor in his lifetime, I know that became a dockworker. In 1971 he was dissect the popularity of ‘‘Peanuts.’’ Charles Schulz did not need the en- detained and labeled a ‘‘counter-revo- Maybe Charles Schultz himself had the dorsement of this Congress to be ful- lutionary’’ for organizing a book club best answer when in a 1994 speech he filled in his work, for how can a con- with four other young people inter- said, ‘‘There is still a market for things gressional honor compare with the love ested in discussing political ideas. Mr. that are clean and decent.’’ shown to him by his millions of faith- Song spent five years in detention I have always thought that the ‘‘Pea- ful fans? under harsh conditions, where he was nuts’’ gang endured because the char- Minnesotans have always considered severely beaten, resulting in perma- acters were so strongly developed and Charles Schulz one of us, even though nent damage to his health. After the so genuine that we saw something we he eventually moved to Santa Rosa, Cultural Revolution, he was com- could identify with in each of them. California, where he made his home pletely exonerated of all criminal Snoopy was the dreamer, persistently with his wife Jeannie. He was blessed charges. stradding his doghouse in pursuit of with five children, two stepchildren, In 1977 Mr. Song was part of an elite the Red Baron. and several grandchildren, and our group of students who entered univer- Lucy, dispensing nickel douses of pop prayers are with them all. sity as a result of a competitive, na- psychology, took great pride in her Mr. President, Charles Schulz fretted tionwide examination. He graduated crabbiness. that his work as a cartoonist would from Shanghai Normal University in Woodstock was the accident prone never be considered great art and 1981. He taught Chinese literature for one. would certainly not stand the test of Shanghai educational television until Peppermint Patty struggled in the time. 1987, at which time he became a full- classroom, but never struggled on the With all due respect to the cartoonist time literary critic and widely recog- baseball field. I honor today, my two-word response nized researcher. Mr. Song moved to Linus made it all right for us to need to that is ‘‘Good grief!’’ Charlie Brown the United States in 1989 and enrolled a security blanket from time to time. will undoubtedly live on long after the in graduate school at the University of Sally, the loveable younger sister, rest of us are forgotten. And that, I Colorado, where his wife Helen wanted to believe in Santa Claus and would argue, is exactly the way things (Xiaohua) and daughter Michelle the Great Pumpkin. are supposed to be.∑ (Xiaoxiao) joined him in 1990. After ob- Schroeder was the unapologetic art- f taining a second masters degree in li- ist who loved his music. brary information science from Indiana Pig Pen* * * well, I think we all A HEROIC GIFT OF LIFE University, the Song family moved to know a Pig Pen. ∑ Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. President, I rise Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where Song And Charlie Brown, ‘‘the little round- today to inform my colleagues of a re- Yongyi is employed as Librarian at headed kid,’’ was Everyman. We relate cent act of great charity by one of my Dickinson College. to him because at some point in our constituents, Ms. Debbie Laakso of Mr. Song’s deep interest in the 1966– lives, we all pined for a little red- Sioux Falls, South Dakota. 1976 Cultural Revolution and growing haired girl * * * were menaced by a In an astonishing act of kindness, the prominence as an expert in the field led kite-Eating Tree * * * and faced down single mother of four donated a kidney him to make research trips to China in a football we were certain would be to her friend and former boss, Verle the summers of 1998 and 1999. As part of snatched away at the last moment. Jucht. The odd twist is that Debbie and his research, Mr. Song collected docu- Charle Brown’s perpetually upbeat Verle met at John Morrell and Com- ments concerning the Cultural Revolu- search for happiness was our search, pany where Verle was Debbie’s super- tion, which are widely available in too. visor. Though they separated as col- markets and curio shops. It was during ‘‘As a youngster, I didn’t realize how leagues in 1993, they surprisingly re- this most recent visit to China that many Charlie Browns there were in the mained friends for the last six years. state security officials detained Mr. world.’’ Charles Schulz said. ‘‘I thought When Verle’s kidney began to fail last and Mrs. Song in Beijing on August 7. I was the only one. Now I realize that year, Debbie gave him hers. Knowing For about one month, Yongyi and

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S695 Helen were held in a detention center the region will be served well by this The Peace Corps continues to be the in Beijing and interrogated. They were research, and it is proper and fitting most successful program of its kind not allowed to see each other or com- that we recognize the dedicated efforts precisely because of its commitment to municate with the outside world. Later of those who have contributed their serving others. It is this legacy of serv- they were moved to a facility where life’s work to combat this disease ice and commitment to others that conditions were less harsh and were fi- which threatens the livelihood of our Barbara leaves behind and for which nally permitted to speak with each producers. she will be remembered.∑ other. Helen was released from custody On behalf of all who are involved f on November 16 and allowed to return with, or impacted by, the agricultural THE HONORABLE IKRAM U. KHAN, home to Carlisle, but Yongyi remained economy of the Northern Plains— M.D. in detention. On December 24, Song which includes just about everyone liv- Yongyi was arrested and charged with ing in the region—I am proud to be ∑ Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. President, I rise the ‘‘purchase and illegal provision of able to take this opportunity to say today to honor my good friend, the intelligence to foreign people.’’ thank you for a job well done to the re- Honorable Ikram U. Khan, M.D. Mr. Song’s arrest generated an out- searchers and support staff of the I have had the honor of knowing pouring of support from scholars in the North Dakota State University Agri- Ikram for several years and I am fortu- United States and abroad, as well as cultural Experiment Station.∑ nate we have developed a good friend- from politicians. As of result of the f ship. Because of that friendship, I am vigorous campaign to secure Mr. TRIBUTE TO BARBARA BUSCH doubly pleased that Ikram has been ap- Song’s release, the Chinese government pointed by President Clinton to the ∑ Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I announced their decision to free Song Board of Regents for the Uniformed rise today to pay tribute to an Amer- Yongyi. Services University of the Health ican who has given graciously and un- On behalf of the many Pennsylva- Sciences. selfishly to her country. For over 36 nians who diligently kept the Song This is an extremely prestigious ap- years, Barbara Busch served this na- family in their thoughts and prayers, I pointment, one that Ikram richly de- tion with great distinction in her many would like to extend my heartfelt con- serves. During his twenty-one years of different capacities at the U.S. Peace gratulations and warmest wishes on private practice, he has served not only Corps: from a staff assistant when she the safe return of Song Yongyi.∑ his patients and the institution of med- first began in 1964, to Executive Officer f icine, but also his community and of the Recruitment and Communica- state. He has been honored by his tions Division, to Chief of Operations HATS OFF TO THE ALL-STAR RE- hometown of Las Vegas and various of Volunteer Recruitment and Selec- SEARCH TEAM AT NORTH DA- local organizations for his community tion, to Acting Director of the Peace KOTA STATE UNIVERSITY service and achievements. He has been Corps. It is truly a story of hard work ∑ Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, well nominated to serve on Nevada’s State over a decade ago, plant pathologists and dedication. Barbara retired from public service Board of Medical Examiners and on the at North Dakota State University’s just under one month ago. Mr. Presi- state Legislature’s Health Care Cost Agricultural Experiment Station ob- dent, I wanted to take this opportunity Containment committee. On the na- served signs of a plant disease called to congratulate her for a remarkable tional scene, Congresswoman Barbara Fusarium Head Blight—more com- career and wish her well as she moves Vucanovich, in 1993, asked Ikram to ad- monly known as scab—in a few of the on to the next stage of her life. She viser her on health care delivery issues region’s wheat fields. Upon this dis- leaves the Peace Corps with a better specific to Medicare, and President covery, the researchers swung into ac- understanding of its importance and its Clinton, in 1995, recognized Ikram for tion, not knowing they were about to role in the world than anyone that his health care reform efforts. He is a do battle with an insidious plant dis- comes to mind. She will be greatly very fine man, and his years of dedica- ease which would eventually devastate missed. tion to military medicine and to the wheat fields across the Northern Plains When I had the privilege to serve as health industry in general ensures he during the 1990s. Since 1993, scab has Peace Corps Director, Barbara was will perform a great service in this po- been an ever present scourge. Losses to working in the Office of Planning, sition. the region’s farmers from this cereal Budget, and Finance. She was a dili- Mr. President, I would like to again crop disease have been estimated to be gent worker, excellent manager, and congratulate my friend, Dr. Ikram as high as $2.6 billion during the last had a wonderful rapport with Peace Khan, on his appointment to the Board decade, the most costly plant disease Corp volunteers and returned volun- of Regents and wish him the best on outbreak ever in the United States. teers alike. She was one of the few, his new challenges managing the Uni- Earlier this month, though, some courageous supporters of World Wise formed Services University of Health good news was delivered on this front Schools, an innovative global edu- Sciences. I trust the University and by those researchers who have battled cation program that provides students Secretary Cohen will find him a valu- this disease for so long. The North Da- in the United States with a view of life able asset and a skilled adviser.∑ kota State University Agricultural Ex- in countries around the globe. Since its f periment Station announced the re- inception in 1989, more than a million lease of a new scab resistant spring NATIONAL HEART FAILURE students in all 50 states have ‘‘put a AWARENESS WEEK wheat variety named Alsen. The new face on a place’’ through World Wise variety is named after the town of Schools. ∑ Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, on Alsen, located on route 66 in North- Back in 1964, when Barbara began her February 10th, I phoned in a request to eastern North Dakota, an area which service, the Peace Corps was operating become a cosponsor of S. Res. 256, a was particularly hard hit by this dis- in 48 countries. Today, after her 36 resolution designating the week of Feb- ease. years, the Peace Corps has 7,000 volun- ruary 14 through 18, 2000, as ‘‘National The researchers say that while this teers in 78 countries around the globe. Heart Failure Awareness Week’’. Un- variety is not immune to scab, it can It is because of dedicated public serv- fortunately, my name was inadvert- fight off the disease. This is excellent ants like Barbara that the Peace Corps ently not included in the list of cospon- progress and welcome news. And, while continues to build on its distinguished sors at that time. Hence, I ask unani- this is the first spring wheat variety to record of service and continues to pro- mous consent that the RECORD reflect exhibit scab resistance, it certainly vide unique leadership around the my support and cosponsorship of the won’t be the last. world. There is no doubt that Barbara resolution. My hat is off to these researchers embodies the very spirit of the Peace Mr. President, I cosponsored this im- from North Dakota State University! Corps: a strong work ethic, generosity portant resolution because it will help There are many long, tedious, and of spirit, and a commitment to serv- to promote research related to all as- unglamorous hours involved in cross- ice—the finest characteristics of the pects of heart failure and enhance the breeding wheat plants. The farmers of America people. quality and duration of life for those

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S696 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 with heart failure. With that in mind, aging an annual budget of $55 million cently awarded the prestigious United I was pleased that S. Res. 256 passed dollars, she erased a $3.2 million def- States Air Force Outstanding Unit the Senate by unanimous consent.∑ icit. This financial turn-around allowed Award for meritorious service, an f the city to entertain larger goals; the award given to only three Air National renovation and expansion of North- Guard fighter wings. I would like to TRIBUTE TO AMERICA’S ampton High School, the establishment take this opportunity to share the his- HOSPITALIZED VETERANS of an innovative trust to preserve Sec- tory of success of this unit. ∑ Mr. ABRAHAM. Mr. President, I rise tion 8 assistance, and establishing The 110th Fighter Wing has served today to recognize and to salute our Northampton as an attractive place to America courageously around the Nation’s Veterans. The Department of start new businesses. world. Recently, the unit conducted Veterans Affairs has designated the Her leadership on the budget, which flight operations from Aviano Air Base, week of February 13–19 as ‘‘National includes the general fund, schools, and Italy, in support of Operation Joint Salute to Hospitalized Veterans enterprise funds, has been com- Guard over Bosnia-Herzegovina. During Week.’’ I take this opportunity to pay plemented by computerizing all the this period, the unit received a grade of special tribute to those veterans who city office’s and raising hiring stand- ‘‘Outstanding’’—an honor reserved for are currently hospitalized, especially ards. She set the policy priorities for only the elite forces in the U.S. Armed those hospitalized in the Battle Creek, all the city’s administrative depart- Services—for an Operational Readiness MI, VA Medical Center. ments, including; housing, health and Inspection. This distinction was the These brave people served their coun- safety inspection services, planning, first ever given to a Michigan-based try in time of need. Many of them were culture and arts, finance, as well as unit. wounded. Many of them knew others economic and community develop- Mr. President, I would also like to who never came home from battle. It is ment. Mayor Ford orchestrated all of recognize the service of Col. Ken only right, then, that our nation help these elements into a cohesive, focused Heaton, USAF, the unit’s commander. them in time of physical need. set of services that was delivered in an Under Colonel Heaton’s command, the The Battle Creek VA Medical Center effective and efficient manner, thus 110th Fighter Wing has continued its provides an excellent example of how improving the lives of all residents. history of excellence with these most our nation can repay some of the debt Due to Mary Ford’s leadership, The recent awards. In the unit’s 52-year his- it owes our brave veterans. This facil- City of Northampton is now one of the tory, it has been awarded the Air Force ity has provided quality care for up to state’s thriving, growing cities. Outstanding Unit Award four times. 325 residents at a time for over 75 The list of her accomplishments on I am proud to have the opportunity years. It is an important part of our behalf of the city’s revitalization is to share the accomplishments of the system of 172 VA Medical Centers varied and extensive; she improved the 110th Fighter Wing on the floor of the across the United States, and an im- city’s emergency response capabilities U.S. Senate. On behalf of the State of portant part of the Battle Creek com- by allotting $5.5 million for a state-of- Michigan, I congratulate Colonel munity. the-art firehouse, renovated one third Heaton and his unit on their achieve- I know that a festive schedule of spe- of the city’s roads, and conducted com- ments, and I look forward to hearing of cial events has been planned for the prehensive traffic re-designing for in- this unit’s laurels for years to come.∑ week long salute. Our veterans, and creased safety. Her accomplishments in f particularly those who are currently education include securing an invest- AGRICULTURAL COOPERATION hospitalized, certainly deserve every ment of $25 million for the moderniza- AGREEMENT tribute we can give to them. And the tion of Northampton’s high school, a same goes for the dedicated men and $12 million middle school expansion ∑ Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. President, I would women who care for them. program, and work with the entire sys- like to spend a few minutes discussing The American people will be forever tem’s faculty and staff in imple- the Agricultural Cooperation Agree- indebted to our veterans and their fam- menting staff recommendations, re- ment that was signed by the United ilies. Without their sacrifice, dedica- forming curriculum, and increasing pa- States and China in December in Se- tion, and unwavering commitment to rental involvement. attle. Although the negotiations for our nation and its ideals, America She has also shared her expertise in this agreement were held at the same would not be the beacon of freedom it municipal and governmental affairs time as the bilateral WTO accession is today. I ask that you and my col- with state and national organizations. negotiations between our two coun- leagues join me in saluting the vet- From 1995–99, she was a member of the tries, this agriculture agreement is a erans at the Battle Creek VA Medical Human Development Committee in the stand-alone arrangement. According to Center and each and every individual National League of Cities, a founding its own terms, it formally entered into who has served with distinction in the member of the Regional Education effect when U.S. Trade Representative U.S. Armed Forces. Let us say to them: Business Alliance, Chair of the Task Barshefsky and Chinese Trade Minister We salute you and we thank you.∑ Force on the Future of State and Local Shi signed it. f Revenue Sharing for the Massachusetts This agreement deals with three cat- Municipal Association, and President egories of agriculture products—Pa- HONORING MARY FORD, MAYOR of the Women Elected Municipal Offi- cific Northwest wheat, meat, and cit- OF NORTHAMPTON cials organization in 1998. rus. The agreement requires that sound ∑ Mr. KERRY. Mr. President, I rise Mr. President, I am proud to regard science be used when evaluating agri- today to recognize and celebrate the Mary Ford as a friend, colleague and cultural imports into China. Specifi- public service of Mary Ford, who re- partner in maintaining cally, the agreement ends the decade- cently stepped down as the Mayor of Massachusetts’s economic prosperity long prohibition that China had Northampton, Massachusetts. and growth. She has performed an against importing Pacific Northwest Throughout her 8 years in office, enormous task for the City and its resi- wheat. It provides for US government Mayor Ford has elevated the City to dents, and I join with all of North- certification of meat packing facilities. one of the jewels of New England, and ampton in thanking her for her exem- And it eliminates unreasonable tech- I join all of her friends, family, and plary public service and leadership.∑ nical barriers to the export of citrus constituents in honoring her today. f products from the United States to As Mayor of Northampton, Ms. Ford China. oversaw the improvement of the school HONORING THE 110TH FIGHTER On February 11, 52 other Senators, system, conducted comprehensive in- WING OF THE AIR NATIONAL Democrats and Republicans alike, frastructure improvements, modern- GUARD joined me in sending a letter to Chi- ized city services, and restored fiscal ∑ Mr. ABRAHAM. Mr. President, I rise nese President Jiang Zemin, insisting discipline. Perhaps the largest measure today to recognize the proud achieve- that China needs to implement the Ag- of her contributions to the city rests in ments of the 110th Fighter Wing of the ricultural Cooperation Agreement im- the fact that, in the course of man- Air National Guard. This group was re- mediately. We explained to President

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S697 Jiang that now is the time to buy our bilateral relationship that this agreement is twenty-two employees on the payroll agricultural products. Words are fine. working. It would also provide a solid con- and annual sales of $277,500. Their work Agreements are fine. But what matters tribution to the efforts to ensure the passage has vastly improved the economic is the result—concrete commercial of Permanent Normal Trading Relations landscape of Porcupine and the Pine (‘‘PNTR’’) for China. purchases. I would like to put a copy of Mr. President, we are entering a new stage Ridge Reservation, and is a great that letter, along with a list of the 53 in the relationship between our two coun- model for other aspiring businessmen Senators who signed it, into the tries. The sale of product through the Agri- to follow. They have overcome many RECORD. cultural Agreement will help immeasurably. obstacles and I look forward to all of I am very pleased to announce that a Yours Truly, their future successes.∑ Max Baucus, Bob Graham, Kent Conrad, high level Chinese agriculture delega- f tion, including government officials, Tim Johnson, Patty Murray, Slade along with representatives from Gorton, Pat Roberts, Larry E. Craig, IN RECOGNITION OF MOST REV- Blanche L. Lincoln, Dick Durbin, Mi- EREND MOSES B. ANDERSON, COFCO, the China National Cereals, chael B. Enzi, Tom Daschle, Trent Oils, and Feedstuffs Import and Export S.S.E. AUXILIARY BISHOP OF DE- Lott, Spencer Abraham, George V. TROIT Corporation, will visit my state of Voinovich, Sam Brownback, Craig Montana on Wednesday and Thursday Thomas, Connie Mack. ∑ Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, I rise of this week. This is a critical next Daniel Inouye, Mike Crapo, Gordon today to pay tribute to a remarkable step in securing the implementation of Smith, Jay Rockefeller, Joe Biden, person from my home state of Michi- the agriculture agreement. Harry Reid, Richard Bryan, Rod gan, Most Reverend Moses B. Ander- I will join with Montana agriculture, Grams, Chuck Hagel, Wayne Allard, son, S.S.E. Auxiliary Bishop of Detroit. Tom Harkin, John Edwards, Rick On February 17, 2000, Bishop Anderson Montana business, and Montana eco- Santorum, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, nomic development officials in Great Evan Bayh, Chuck Robb, Jeff Binga- was honored with the Mother Theresa Falls this week to meet this important man, John Ashcroft, Bob Kerrey. Duchemin Maxis Award in recognition delegation, to provide them with infor- Conrad Burns, Jim Bunning, Byron L. for his many years of dedication and mation about the opportunities Mon- Dorgan, Kit Bond, Chuck Grassley, service within the Archdiocese of De- tana presents, and to offer them high Phil Gramm, Lincoln Chafee, Barbara troit. quality and competitive agricultural Boxer, Charles Schumer, Ron Wyden, Serving as Michigan’s first African products and value-added food prod- Paul D. Coverdell, Herb Kohl, Dianne American Catholic Bishop, Moses An- Feinstein, Daniel K. Akaka, Orrin derson has ministered to the needs not ucts. Hatch, Kay Bailey Hutchison.∑ I have been working for over twenty only of the Catholic Community, but years to expand trade and open mar- f to the Community of Humankind, since kets overseas for Montana and Amer- CONGRATULATIONS TO THUNDER his ordination in 1958. For the last 40 ican agricultural commodities, value- CLOUD CONSTRUCTION years, he has served the Catholic added agricultural products, manufac- Church with integrity and dedication. ∑ tured goods, and services. Increasing Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. President, I rise In addition, he is the recipient of mul- exports brings benefits to our farmers, today to publicly congratulate two of tiple honorary degrees, an enstooled our workers, and our communities, in- my constituents, Mr. Leonard Lone Chief in Ghana, West Africa, and an cluding, of course, in the state of Mon- Hill and Mr. Warren Giago, both of internationally revered minister and tana. Porcupine, SD. I am pleased to an- scholar. Currently serving as pastor at China represents a market of almost nounce to my colleagues that Mr. Lone the Church of the Precious Blood in unlimited potential. I have worked Hill and Mr. Giago, partners in Thun- Detroit, his homilies have the distinc- hard for the last ten years to expand der Cloud Construction, a Porcupine- tion of being based in songs portraying trading relations between the United based construction company, have been the loving relationship between God States and China. This year, I am lead- honored by the Small Business Admin- and humankind. For this reason, An- ing the fight to grant China Permanent istration as winners of the 1999 Minor- derson is known as a man of songs as Normal Trade Relations status, PNTR. ity Small Business People of the Year well as an accomplished and beloved The full implementation of this agri- for South Dakota. As my colleagues clergyman. cultural agreement is a vital part of may know, Porcupine is located in Bishop Anderson’s departure from his this effort to bring China into the WTO Shannon County on the Pine Ridge vicariate duties makes way for new be- and to ensure that American and Mon- Reservation. Highlighted by the Presi- ginnings in his life. I am confident that tana will take advantage of the unique dent during his New Markets Initiative his future endeavors will be as success- opportunities in China. tour, Shannon County is the poorest ful and fulfilling as the previous ones. I look forward to the signing of pur- county in the country. For certain, he will remain active in chase agreements with China in the Thunder Cloud Construction is work- his many church and community ac- near future for Pacific Northwest ing to reverse the trend of Native tivities, but will have more time to wheat. Montana and China can help American poverty on the Reservation dedicate to his favorite hobbies— each other grow. That is what inter- by not only hiring minority workers, music, organic gardening, cooking, and national trade is all about. but by providing on-the-job training being the ‘‘good shepherd’’ he is known February 11, 2000. for new, unskilled employees. The ac- to be. I am pleased to join his col- President JIANG ZEMIN, tivities of the company and its two leagues and friends in offering my People’s Republic of China, owners, result not only in participation thanks for all he has accomplished in Beijing, China. in the development of community in- making his community a better place. DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: We are writing to frastructure and resources but also a Mr. President, Bishop Moses B. An- urge full implementation of the bilateral Ag- substantial contribution to economic derson can take pride in his long career ricultural Cooperation Agreement that Am- growth and development of the Pine of service and dedication to the Catho- bassador Barshefsky and Trade Minister Shi Ridge Reservation. Among its achieve- signed in April. Both sides agreed that when lic Church. I know my colleagues join they initialed the Chinese version in Seattle ments, Thunder Cloud has recently me in saluting Bishop Anderson’s com- last December that implementation would completed a shelter for homeless chil- mitment to his community and reli- begin immediately. dren, the Casey Family Building. Fol- gion, and in wishing him well in the We appreciate that your citrus technical lowing last years devastating torna- years ahead.∑ team has completed its visit to the United does, the company won a substantial f States. We understand that actions will now contract to build foundations and base- be taken to make those changes necessary ments for twenty-two units of replace- TRIBUTE TO WAYNE HAUSCHILD for American citrus products to be sold to ment housing. ∑ Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. President, I rise China. We want to stress, however, how important Mr. President, Leonard Lone Hill and today to honor the passing of a dear it is that actual sales of wheat, meat, and Warren Giago of Thunder Cloud Con- friend and counselor, Mr. Wayne citrus take place as soon as possible. This struction richly deserve this honor. ‘‘Haus’’ Hauschild of Brookings, South would demonstrate to everyone watching our After five years in business, they have Dakota.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 0634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S698 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 Because of our state’s immigrant His government service began as a remember the importance of civic par- past, many of my constituents are not representative to the South Dakota ticipation and the lessons of history originally from South Dakota. Wayne State Legislature where he served five when that fundamental right is de- Hauschild is a good example. Born and terms from 1971 to 1980. Though he re- prived. As a coach, he was dedicated to raised in Davenport, Iowa, it wasn’t tired from teaching in 1993, he re- instilling the values of sportsmanship, until 1954 that, after graduating from mained a faithful servant of the public, fairplay, and hardwork. As all these Saint Ambrose College and serving in serving as Brookings mayor from 1993 things, he was always a father and a the U.S. Navy, he settled in Brookings. to 1999, presiding over Brookings husband, dedicated to his family. I will For his remaining forty-six years, changed to the city manager form of truly miss him, because, to me, he was Wayne Hauschild served the commu- municipal government. always a dedicated friend. nity of Brookings in many capacities. Whenever someone mentions Wayne Mr. President, this is a sad time For a remarkable thirty-nine years, he Hauschild, I think of dedication. As a where we are forced to bid farewell to taught high school U.S. history and State Legislator and as Brookings a man who was a fixture of the Brook- government. In addition to his teach- mayor, he was dedicated to improving ings community for the last forty-six ing duties, he coached high school bas- the lives of his neighbors and his fellow years. However, this is also a time ketball, football, golf, tennis, and the South Dakotans. As a teacher of thir- when we can remember a dedicated Brookings Cubs and American Legion ty-nine years, he was dedicated to edu- man who led a truly extraordinary life, baseball teams. hcating young people, and ensuring they no matter the measure.∑ FOREIGN CURRENCY REPORTS In accordance with the appropriate provisions of law, the Secretary of the Senate herewith submits the following re- port(s) of standing committees of the Senate, certain joint committees of the Congress, delegations and groups, and select and special committees of the Senate, relating to expenses incurred in the performance of authorized foreign travel: CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Jim Morhard: Argentina ...... Peso ...... 758.00 ...... 758.00 Chile ...... Dollar ...... 810.00 ...... 810.00 Brazil ...... Real ...... 1,594.57 ...... 1,594.57 Kevin Linsky: Argentina ...... Peso ...... 758.00 ...... 758.00 Uruguay ...... Peso ...... 200.00 ...... 200.00 Brazil ...... Real ...... 1,429.00 ...... 1,429.00 Total ...... 5,549.57 ...... 5,549.57 TED STEVENS, Chairman, Committee on Appropriations, Jan. 15, 2000.

AMENDMENT TO 3RD QUARTER 1999 CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS FOR TRAVEL FROM JULY 1 TO SEPT. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Jim Morhard: France ...... Franc ...... 8,993.92 1,472.00 ...... 8,993.92 1,472.00 Clayton Heil: France ...... Franc ...... 8,993.92 1,472.00 ...... 8,993.92 1,472.00 Senator Daniel K. Inouye: Israel ...... Dollar ...... 803.00 ...... 803.00 Senator Tom Harkin: Guam ...... Dollar ...... 5,389.04 ...... 5,389.04 Indonesia ...... Rupiah ...... 5,698,500 786.00 ...... 5,350,500 738.58 11,049.00 1,524.58 China ...... Yuan ...... 2,505.81 303.00 ...... 2,505.81 303.00 Japan ...... Yen ...... 34,739 311.00 21,350.00 197.87 ...... 56,089.00 508.87 Rosemary Gutierrez Bailey: United States ...... Dollars ...... 5,791.08 ...... 5,791.08 Indonesia ...... Rupiah ...... 5,698,500 786.00 ...... 5,350,500 738.58 11,049.00 1,524.58 China ...... Yuan ...... 2,505.81 303.00 ...... 2,505.81 303.00 Japan ...... Yen ...... 34,739 311.00 21,350 197.87 ...... 56,089.00 508.07 Galen Fountain: United States ...... Dollar ...... 4,420.40 ...... 4,420.40 Italy ...... Lire ...... 11,880.00 1,980.00 ...... 11,880.00 1,980.00 Kosovo ...... Dollar ...... 119.00 ...... 119.00 Total ...... 13,066.40 ...... 11,575.86 ...... 1,477.16 ...... 26,119.42 TED STEVENS, Chairman, Committee on Appropriations, Oct. 10, 1999.

AMENDMENT TO 1ST QUARTER 1999 CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS FOR TRAVEL FROM JAN. 1 TO MAR. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Senator Mitch McConnell: Cambodia ...... Dollar ...... Indonesia ...... Dollar ...... Australia ...... Dollar ...... 2,500.00 ...... 2,500.00

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 8634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S699 AMENDMENT TO 1ST QUARTER 1999 CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EM- PLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS FOR TRAVEL FROM JAN. 1 TO MAR. 31, 1999—Continued

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

New Zealand ...... Dollar ...... Robin Cleveland: Cambodia ...... Dollar ...... Indonesia ...... Dollar ...... Australia ...... Dollar ...... 2,500.00 ...... 2,500.00 New Zealand ...... Dollar ...... Senator Patrick Leahy: Cuba ...... Dollar ...... 686.00 ...... 686.00 Tim Rieser: Cuba ...... Dollar ...... 686.00 ...... 686.00 Steve Cortese: South Africa ...... Dollar ...... 758.00 ...... 758.00 South Africa ...... Dollar ...... 830.00 ...... 830.00 Uganda ...... Dollar ...... 75.00 ...... 75.00 Kenya ...... Dollar ...... 1,170.00 ...... 1,170.00 United States ...... Dollar ...... 6,932.06 ...... 6,932.06 M. Sidney Ashworth: South Africa ...... Dollar ...... 758.00 ...... 758.00 South Africa ...... Dollar ...... 830.00 ...... 830.00 Uganda ...... Dollar ...... 75.00 ...... 75.00 Kenya ...... Dollar ...... 1,170.00 ...... 1,170.00 United States ...... Dollar ...... 6,932.06 ...... 6,932.06 Jennifer Chartrand: South Africa ...... Dollar ...... 758.00 ...... 758.00 South Africa ...... Dollar ...... 830.00 ...... 830.00 Uganda ...... Dollar ...... 75.00 ...... 75.00 Kenya ...... Dollar ...... 1,170.00 ...... 1,170.00 United States ...... Dollar ...... 6,932.06 ...... 6,932.06 Kevin Linsky: Australia ...... Dollar ...... 1,178.95 ...... 1,178.95 Thailand ...... Baht ...... 960.00 ...... 960.00 Total ...... 17,009.95 ...... 20,796.18 ...... 37,806.13 TED STEVENS, Chairman, Committee on Appropriations, Mar. 31, 1999.

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Charles S. Abell: United States ...... Dollar ...... 3,928.45 ...... 3,928.45 Italy ...... Dollar ...... 750.36 ...... 750.36 Germany ...... Dollar ...... 365.89 ...... 142.28 ...... 508.17 Gerald J. Leeling: United States ...... Dollar ...... 3,928.45 ...... 3,928.45 Italy ...... Dollar ...... 650.41 ...... 650.41 Germany ...... Dollar ...... 363.51 ...... 55.66 ...... 9.00 ...... 428.17 George W. Lauffer: Germany ...... Dollar ...... 414.57 ...... 414.57 United Kingdom ...... Dollar ...... 40.35 ...... 40.35 United States ...... Dollar ...... 5,494.88 ...... 5,494.88 United States ...... Dollar ...... 36.00 ...... 36.00 Lawrence J. Lanzillotta: Germany ...... Dollar ...... 414.57 ...... 414.57 United Kingdom ...... Dollar ...... 40.35 ...... 40.35 United States ...... Dollar ...... 5,495.41 ...... 5,495.41 United States ...... Dollar ...... 60.00 ...... 60.00 Tomie L. Brownlee: France ...... Dollar ...... 358.00 ...... 358.00 Germany ...... Dollar ...... 262.00 ...... 262.00 Italy ...... Dollar ...... 229.00 ...... 229.00 United Kingdom ...... Dollar ...... 374.00 ...... 374.00 United States ...... Dollar ...... 7,134.67 ...... 7,134.67 William C. Greenwalt: United Kingdom ...... Dollar ...... 495.17 ...... 107.90 ...... 603.07 France ...... Dollar ...... 482.49 ...... 482.49 Germany ...... Dollar ...... 253.75 ...... 253.75 Italy ...... Dollar ...... 247.64 ...... 247.64 United States ...... Dollar ...... 7,134.67 ...... 7,134.67 Eric H. Thoemmes: France ...... Dollar ...... 1,215.20 ...... 1,215.20 Germany ...... Dollar ...... 607.60 ...... 607.60 Italy ...... Dollar ...... 303.80 ...... 303.80 United Kingdom ...... Dollar ...... 1,215.20 ...... 1,215.20 Belgium ...... Dollar ...... 608.20 ...... 608.20 United States ...... Dollar ...... 7,861.13 ...... 7,861.13 Senator James M. Inhofe: Bosnia ...... Dollar ...... 250.00 ...... 250.00 Germany ...... Dollar ...... 500.00 ...... 500.00 Ivory Coast ...... Dollar ...... 250.00 ...... 250.00 United States ...... Dollar ...... 9,070.25 ...... 9,070.25 Cord A. Sterling: Ivory Coast ...... Dollar ...... 191.00 ...... 191.00 Luxembourg ...... Dollar ...... 351.00 ...... 351.00 Germany ...... Dollar ...... 407.00 ...... 407.00 France ...... Dollar ...... 316.00 ...... 316.00 Bosnia ...... Dollar ...... 201.00 ...... 201.00 Spain ...... Dollar ...... 368.00 ...... 368.00 United States ...... Dollar ...... 9,383.33 ...... 9,383.33 Thomas L. MacKenzie: Israel ...... Sheqel ...... 993.00 ...... 993.00 Italy ...... Lira ...... 741.50 ...... 741.50 Hungary ...... Forint ...... 251.00 ...... 251.00 Germany ...... Mark ...... 467.50 ...... 467.50

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 8634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S700 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1999—Continued

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

United States ...... Dollar ...... 6,003.19 ...... 6,003.19 John R. Barnes: Israel ...... Sheqel ...... 993.00 ...... 993.00 Italy ...... Lira ...... 741.50 ...... 741.50 Hungary ...... Forint ...... 251.00 ...... 251.00 Germany ...... Mark ...... 467.50 ...... 467.50 United States ...... Dollar ...... 6,003.19 ...... 6,003.19 Senator Jack Reed: United States ...... Dollar ...... 8,482.89 ...... 8,482.89 Australia ...... Australian Dollar ...... 419.65 269.66 ...... 269.66 Elizabeth King: Australia ...... Australian Dollar ...... 315.40 202.67 ...... 202.67 United States ...... Dollar ...... 8,360.89 ...... 8,360.89 Total ...... 17,904.39 ...... 88,444.96 ...... 106,596.63 JOHN WARNER, Chairman, Committee on Armed Services, Dec. 27, 1999.

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Sloan W. Rappoport: Brazil ...... Real ...... 4,392.00 2,440.00 ...... 189.00 105.00 4,581.00 2,545.00 United States ...... Dollar ...... 1,098.45 ...... 1,098.45 Total ...... 2,440.00 ...... 1,098.45 ...... 105.00 ...... 3,643.45 JOHN McCAIN, Chairman, Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Jan. 7, 2000.

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

David Garman: Germany ...... Deutsche Mark ...... 1,414.26 729.00 ...... 5,456.01 ...... 1,414.26 6,185.01 Shirley Neff: Germany ...... Deutsche Mark ...... 5,185.62 2,673.00 ...... 653.86 ...... 5,185.62 3,326.86 Total ...... 3,402.00 ...... 6,109.87 ...... 9,511.87 FRANK MURKOWSKI, Chairman, Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Jan. 1, 2000.

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1, TO DEC. 31 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Michael Loesch: Israel ...... Dollar ...... 1,356.00 ...... 1,356.00 Syria ...... Dollar ...... 315.00 ...... 315.00 Dennis Ward: Israel ...... Dollar ...... 1,356.00 ...... 1,356.00 Syria ...... Dollar ...... 315.00 ...... 315.00 Robert Roach: Mexico ...... Dollar ...... 640.02 ...... 705.05 ...... 1,345.07 Total ...... 3,982.02 ...... 705.05 ...... 4,687.07 FRED THOMPSON, Chairman, Committee on Governmental Affairs, Jan. 12, 2000.

AMENDMENT TO 3RD QUARTER 1999 CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY FOR TRAVEL FROM JULY 1 TO SEPT. 30, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total

Name and country Name of currency U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Esther Olavarria: United States ...... Dollar ...... 3,550.00 ...... 3,172.81 ...... 6,722.81 Frank Chase Hutto III: United States ...... Dollar ...... 5,500.00 ...... 3,687.12 ...... 9,187.12 Michael Ivahnenko: United States ...... Dollar ...... 4,550.00 ...... 4,483.00 ...... 9,033.00

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 8634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S701 AMENDMENT TO 3RD QUARTER 1999 CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EM- PLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY FOR TRAVEL FROM JULY 1 TO SEPT. 30, 1999—Continued

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Total ...... 13,600.00 ...... 11,342.93 ...... 24,942.93 ORRIN HATCH, Chairman, Committee on the Judiciary, Dec. 29, 1999.

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON VETERANS’ AFFAIRS FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Senator Arlen Specter: Panama ...... Dollar ...... 224.00 ...... 224.00 David Urban: Panama ...... Dollar ...... 224.00 ...... 224.00 James Twaddell: Panama ...... Dollar ...... 224.00 ...... 224.00 Total ...... 672.00 ...... 672.00 ARLEN SPECTER, Chairman, Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, Jan. 27, 2000.

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON JOINT ECONOMICS FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Kurt Schuler: United States ...... Dollar ...... 210.00 ...... 482.45 ...... 692.45 Chris Frenze: United States ...... Dollar ...... 1,368.00 ...... 1,368.00 Total ...... 1,578.00 ...... 482.45 ...... 2,060.45 CONNIE MACK, Chairman, Committee on Joint Economics, Jan. 18, 2000.

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), COMMITTEE ON Y2K FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 14 TO NOV. 9, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

J. Paul Nicholas: South Korea ...... 1,300.00 ...... 3,300.00 ...... 4,600.00 John Stephenson: France ...... 1,850.00 ...... 796.67 ...... 602.00 ...... 3,248.67 James Barker: France ...... 2,376.00 ...... 796.67 ...... 3,172.67 Amber Sechrist: France ...... 1,188.00 ...... 796.67 ...... 1,984.67 Total ...... 6,714.00 ...... 5,690.01 ...... 602.00 ...... 13,006.01 ROBERT F. BENNETT, Chairman, Committee on Y2K, Dec. 22, 1999.

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), TRAVEL AUTHORIZED BY MAJORITY LEADER FOR TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Senator Thad Cochran: Israel ...... Dollar ...... 1,331.00 ...... 1,331.00 Syria ...... Dollar ...... 289.00 ...... 289.00 Mitch Kugler: Israel ...... Dollar ...... 1,356.00 ...... 1,356.00 Syria ...... Dollar ...... 315.00 ...... 315.00 Dennis Ward: Switzerland ...... Swiss Franc ...... 654.00 ...... 4,679.93 ...... 5,333.93 Senator Connie Mack: Haiti ...... Dollar ...... 20.00 ...... 667.45 ...... 687.45 Gary Shiffman: Haiti ...... Dollar ...... 219.00 ...... 667.45 ...... 886.45 Total ...... 4,184.00 ...... 6,014.83 ...... 10,198.83 TRENT LOTT, Majority Leader, Feb. 1, 2000.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 8634 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S702 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2000 AMENDMENT TO 3D QUARTER REPORT, CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), DELEGATION: NATIONAL SECURITY WORKING GROUP, TRAVEL AUTHORIZED BY MAJORITY LEADER, TRAVEL FROM JULY 1 TO SEPT. 30, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Mitch Kugler: Russia ...... Dollar ...... 1,150.00 ...... 5,319.02 ...... 6,469.02 Dennis McDowell: Russia ...... Dollar ...... 1,150.00 ...... 5,319.02 ...... 6,469.02 Dennis Ward: Russia ...... Dollar ...... 1,150.00 ...... 5,319.02 ...... 6,469.02 Delegation Expenses 1 ...... 4,317.00 ...... 4,317.00 Total ...... 3,450.00 ...... 15,957.06 ...... 4,317.00 ...... 23,724.06 1 Funds appropriated for foreign travel under authority of S. Res. 179 agreed to May 25, 1977, for interpretation expenses for Staffdel Kugler while in Russia. TRENT LOTT, Majority Leader, Oct. 14, 1999.

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF EXPENDITURE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES AND APPROPRIATED FUNDS FOR FOREIGN TRAVEL BY MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE U.S. SENATE, UNDER AUTHORITY OF SEC. 22, P.L. 95–384—22 U.S.C. 1754(b), TRAVEL AUTHORIZED BY DEMOCRATIC LEADER, TRAVEL FROM OCT. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1999

Per diem Transportation Miscellaneous Total U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar U.S. dollar Name and country Name of currency Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent Foreign equivalent currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency or U.S. currency currency currency currency

Franz Wuerfmannsdorbler: United States ...... Dollar ...... 1,110.64 ...... 1,110.64 Germany ...... Deutsche Mark ...... 1,215.00 ...... 1,215.00 Total ...... 1,215.00 ...... 1,110.64 ...... 2,325.64 TOM DASCHLE, Democratic Leader, Feb. 1, 2000.

EXECUTIVE SESSION A bill (S. 2081) entitled ‘‘Religious Liberty The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Protection Act of 2000.’’ objection, it is so ordered. Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I f EXECUTIVE CALENDAR now ask for its second reading and ob- PROGRAM Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, on ject to my own request. behalf of the leader, I ask unanimous The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, for consent that the Senate immediately tion is heard. the information of all Senators, tomor- proceed to executive session to con- Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I row the Senate will conduct a period sider the following nomination on the understand that H.R. 6 is at the desk, for the transaction of morning business Executive Calendar: Executive Cal- and I ask for its first reading. until 11:30 a.m. Following morning endar No. 280. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The business, it is anticipated that the Sen- I ask unanimous consent that the clerk will state the bill by title. ate could turn to any other Legislative nomination be confirmed, the motion The legislative clerk read as follows: or Executive Calendar items cleared to reconsider be laid upon the table, A bill (H.R. 6) to amend the Internal Rev- for action, including the education sav- any statements relating to the nomina- enue Code of 1986 to reduce the marriage pen- ings account bill. Therefore, votes may tion appear at this point in the alty by providing for adjustments to the be anticipated and Members are re- standard deduction, 15 percent rate bracket, RECORD, the President be immediately minded that a vote will occur at 11:30 and earned income credit and to repeal the a.m. on Thursday. notified of the Senate’s action, and the reduction of the refundable tax credit. f Senate then return to legislative ses- Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I sion. now ask for its second reading and ob- ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ject to my own request. TOMORROW objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, if The nomination was considered and tion is heard. there is no further business to come be- confirmed, as follows: f fore the Senate, I now ask unanimous DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR consent that the Senate stand in ad- David J. Hayes, of Virginia, to be Deputy ORDERS FOR WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2000 journment under the previous order. Secretary of the Interior. There being no objection, the Senate, f Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I at 6:06 p.m., adjourned until Wednes- ask unanimous consent that when the day, February 23, 2000, at 10 a.m. LEGISLATIVE SESSION Senate completes its business today, it f The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- adjourn until the hour of 10 a.m. on ate will now return to legislative ses- Wednesday, February 23. I further ask NOMINATIONS sion. consent that on Wednesday, imme- Executive nominations received by f diately following the prayer, the Jour- the Senate February 22, 2000: nal of the proceedings be approved to DEPARTMENT OF STATE MEASURES PLACED ON date, the morning hour be deemed to CALENDAR—S. 2081 AND H.R. 6 JOHN EDWARD HERBST, OF VIRGINIA, A CAREER MEM- have expired, the time for the two lead- BER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF COUN- Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I ers be reserved for their use later in SELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA understand that S. 2081, introduced the day, and there then be a period for TO THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN. earlier today by Senator HATCH, is at the transaction of morning business HOWARD FRANKLIN JETER, OF SOUTH CAROLINA, A CA- REER MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, the desk, and I therefore ask for its until 11:30 a.m., with the first 45 min- CLASS OF MINISTER-COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR first reading. utes under the control of Senator EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE FEDERAL REPUB- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The DASCHLE, or his designee, and the next LIC OF NIGERIA. clerk will state the bill by title. 45 minutes under the control of Sen- A. ELIZABETH JONES, OF MARYLAND, A CAREER MEM- BER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF CA- The legislative clerk read as follows: ator THOMAS, or his designee. REER MINISTER, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY

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AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE REAR ADM. (LH) DAVID T. HART, JR., 0000 AMERICA TO THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY. AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION REAR ADM. (LH) KENNETH F. HEIMGARTNER, 0000 ROSE M. LIKINS, OF VIRGINIA, A CAREER MEMBER OF 601: REAR ADM. (LH) JOSEPH G. HENRY, 0000 THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF COUNSELOR, To be lieutenant general REAR ADM. (LH) GERALD L. HOEWING, 0000 TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENI- REAR ADM. (LH) MICHAEL L. HOLMES, 0000 POTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO MAJ. GEN. MICHAEL E. ZETTLER, 0000 REAR ADM. (LH) WILLIAM R. KLEMM, 0000 THE REPUBLIC OF EL SALVADOR. REAR ADM. (LH) MICHAEL D. MALONE, 0000 LAURENCE E. POPE, OF MAINE, A CAREER MEMBER OF THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT REAR ADM. (LH) PETER W. MARZLUFF, 0000 THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF MINISTER- AS VICE CHIEF OF STAFF, UNITED STATES AIR FORCE, REAR ADM. (LH) JAMES D. MCARTHUR, JR., 0000 COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND AND APPOINTMENT TO THE GRADE INDICATED WHILE REAR ADM. (LH) MICHAEL J. MC CABE, 0000 PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND RESPON- REAR ADM. (LH) DAVID C. NICHOLS, JR., 0000 TO THE STATE OF KUWAIT. SIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 601 AND 8034: REAR ADM. (LH) PERRY M. RATLIFF, 0000 To be general REAR ADM. (LH) GARY ROUGHEAD, 0000 THE JUDICIARY REAR ADM. (LH) KENNETH D. SLAGHT, 0000 JOHNNIE B. RAWLINSON, OF NEVADA, TO BE UNITED LT. GEN. JOHN W. HANDY, 0000 REAR ADM. (LH) STANLEY R. SZEMBORSKI, 0000 REAR ADM. (LH) HENRY G. ULRICH III, 0000 STATES CIRCUIT JUDGE FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT, VICE IN THE MARINE CORPS MELVIN T. BRUNETTI, RETIRED. REAR ADM. (LH) GEORGE E. VOELKER, 0000 THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT REAR ADM. (LH) ROBERT F. WILLARD, 0000 DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IN THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS TO THE GRADE DONNIE R. MARSHALL, OF TEXAS, TO BE ADMINIS- INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: f TRATOR OF DRUG ENFORCEMENT, VICE THOMAS A. CON- To be major general STANTINE, RESIGNED. BRIG. GEN. JOHN F. GOODMAN, 0000 CONFIRMATIONS IN THE AIR FORCE IN THE NAVY THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT Executive nominations confirmed by IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT the Senate February 22, 2000: CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY TO THE GRADE INDICATED AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 601: To be rear admiral DAVID J. HAYES, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE DEPUTY SEC- To be general REAR ADM. (LH) PHILLIP M. BALISLE, 0000 RETARY OF THE INTERIOR. GEN. LESTER L. LYLES, 0000 REAR ADM. (LH) JOHN T. BYRD, 0000 THE ABOVE NOMINATION APPROVED SUBJECT TO THE REAR ADM. (LH) WILLIAM W. COBB, JR., 0000 NOMINEE’S COMMITMENT TO RESPOND TO REQUESTS TO THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT REAR ADM. (LH) CHRISTOPHER W. COLE, 0000 APPEAR AND TESTIFY BEFORE ANY DULY CONSTITUTED IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- REAR ADM. (LH) DAVID R. ELLISON, 0000 COMMITTEE OF THE SENATE.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 23:28 Dec 04, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 9801 E:\2000SENATE\S22FE0.REC S22FE0 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY Tuesday, February 22, 2000 Daily Digest Senate 23 Navy nominations in the rank of admiral. Chamber Action Pages S702±03 Routine Proceedings, pages S649–S703 Messages From the House: Pages S676±77 Measures Introduced: Thirteen bills were intro- Measures Read First Time: Page S677 duced, as follows: S. 2074–2086. Page S680 Communications: Pages S677±79 Washington’s Farewell Address: Senator Moy- nihan read Washington’s Farewell Address. Petitions: Pages S679±80 Pages S649±54 Statements on Introduced Bills: Pages S680±89 Iran Nonproliferation Act: Senate began consider- Additional Cosponsors: Pages S689±92 ation of H.R. 1883, to provide for the application Amendments Submitted: Page S692 of measures to foreign persons who transfer to Iran certain goods, services, or technology, taking action Notices of Hearings: Pages S692±93 on the following amendment proposed thereto: Authority for Committees: Page S693 Pages S657±68, S671±72 Additional Statements: Page S693±98 Adopted: Enrolled Bills Presented: Page S677 Lott/Daschle/Levin/Helms Amendment No. 2820, to make certain improvements to the bill. Page S658 Privileges of the Floor: Page S693 A unanimous-consent agreement was reached pro- Adjournment: Senate convened at 11 a.m., and ad- viding that a vote on final passage of the bill will journed at 6:06 p.m., until 10 a.m., on Wednesday, occur on Thursday, February 24, 2000 at 11:30 a.m. February 23, 2000. (For Senate’s program, see the re- Page S672 marks of the Acting Majority Leader in today’s Nominations Confirmed: Senate confirmed the fol- Record on page S702.) lowing nomination: David J. Hayes, of Virginia, to be Deputy Sec- Committee Meetings retary of the Interior. Pages S702, S703 (Committees not listed did not meet) Nominations Received: Senate received the fol- lowing nominations: APPROPRIATIONS—LEGISLATIVE BRANCH John Edward Herbst, of Virginia, to be Ambas- Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Legisla- sador to the Republic of Uzbekistan. tive Branch concluded hearings on proposed budget Howard Franklin Jeter, of South Carolina, to be estimates for fiscal year 2000, after receiving testi- Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Nigeria. mony in behalf of funds for their respective activities A. Elizabeth Jones, of Maryland, to be Ambas- from Senator Roth, Chairman, Joint Committee on sador to the Federal Republic of Germany. Taxation; James W. Ziglar, Senate Sergeant at Arms, Rose M. Likins, of Virginia, to be Ambassador to Wilson Livingood, House Sergeant at Arms, Alan M. the Republic of El Salvador. Hantman, Architect of the Capitol, and Gary Laurence E. Pope, of Maine, to be Ambassador to Abrecht, Chief of Police, all on behalf of the U.S. the State of Kuwait. Capitol Police Board; James H. Billington, Librarian Johnnie B. Rawlinson, of Nevada, to be United of Congress; Daniel P. Mulhollan, Director, Congres- States Circuit Judge for the Ninth Circuit. sional Research Service; and Michael F. DiMario, Public Printer, Government Printing Office. Donnie R. Marshall, of Texas, to be Administrator of Drug Enforcement. FOREST SERVICE’S ROADLESS POLICY 3 Air Force nominations in the rank of general. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources: Sub- 1 Marine Corps nomination in the rank of general. committee on Forests and Public Land Management D103

VerDate 16-FEB-2000 02:37 Feb 23, 2000 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D22FE0.REC pfrm04 PsN: D22FE0 D104 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST February 22, 2000 concluded oversight hearings on the Administration’s United States District Judge for the Middle District memorandum for the Secretary of Agriculture on the of Florida, all of the Department of Justice, after the protection of forest roadless area and the Forest Serv- nominees testified and answered questions in their ice’s actions that are planned in response, focusing own behalf. Mr. Fuentes was introduced by Senators on the review of approximately 40 million acres of Torricelli and Lautenberg, and Mr. Whittemore was national forest lands for increased protection, after introduced by Senators Mack and Graham. receiving testimony from Michael Dombeck, Chief, MEDICAL ERRORS Forest Service, and James R. Lyons, Under Secretary for Natural Resources and Environment, both of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions: Department of Agriculture. Committee held joint hearings with Committee on Appropriations’ Subcommittee on Labor, Health and INTERNATIONAL WOMEN AND CHILDREN Human Services, and Education to examine the Ad- TRAFFICKING ministration’s and certain industries’ responses to the Committee on Foreign Relations: Subcommittee on Near Institute of Medicine’s report on medical errors, fo- Eastern and South Asian Affairs concluded hearings cusing patient safety issues, receiving testimony from to examine the scope of international trafficking in John M. Eisenberg, Director, Agency for Healthcare women and children, and S. 1842, to combat traf- Research and Quality, Department of Health and ficking of persons in the United States and countries Human Services; Thomas L. Garthwaite, Deputy around the world through prevention, prosecution Under Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Health; I. and enforcement against traffickers, and protection Steven Udvarhelyi, Independence Blue Cross, Phila- and assistance to victims of trafficking, after receiv- delphia, Pennsylvania, on behalf of the American As- ing testimony from Frank E. Loy, Under Secretary sociation of Health Plans; Thomas R. Russell, Amer- for Global Affairs, Teresa Loar, Director, President’s ican College of Surgeons, Washington, D.C.; Dennis Interagency Council on Women, Harold H. Koh, S. O’Leary, Joint Commission on Accreditation of Assistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights Healthcare Organizations, Oakbrook Terrace, Illi- and Labor, and Wendy Chamberlin, Deputy Assist- nois; and Arnold S. Relman, Harvard University ant Secretary for International Narcotics and Law Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, on behalf of Enforcement, all of the Department of State; Laura the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Board of Reg- J. Lederer, Harvard University Kennedy School of istration in Medicine. Government, Gary A. Haugen, International Justice Hearings recessed subject to call. Mission, and Regan E. Ralph, Human Rights INTELLIGENCE Watch, all of Washington, D.C.; and a protected witness. Select Committee on Intelligence: Committee held closed hearings on intelligence matters, receiving testimony EAST ASIA from officials of the intelligence community. Committee on Foreign Relations: Subcommittee on East Committee will meet again tomorrow. Asian and Pacific Affairs concluded hearings to ex- U.S. ASSISTANCE TO THE ANDEAN REGION amine U.S. foreign policy priorities and challenges likely to emerge in East Asia in the year 2000, fo- United States Senate Caucus on International Narcotics cusing on economic recovery and political stability, Control: Committee concluded joint hearings with after receiving testimony from Stanley O. Roth, As- the Committee on Finance’s Subcommittee on Inter- sistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific national Trade to examine U.S. assistance options in Affairs. support of the Andean Region anti-narcotic efforts, focusing on Plan Columbia and the Andean Trade NOMINATIONS Preference Act, after receiving testimony from Barry Committee on the Judiciary: Committee concluded R. McCaffrey, Director, Office of National Drug hearings on the nominations of Randolph D. Moss, Control Policy; Thomas R. Pickering, Under Sec- of Maryland, to be an Assistant Attorney General, retary of State for Political Affairs; Richard W. Fish- Office of Legal Counsel, Julio M. Fuentes, of New er, Deputy United States Trade Representative; and Jersey, to be United States Circuit Judge for the Gen. Charles Wilhelm, Commander in Chief, U.S. Third Circuit, and James D. Whittemore, to be Southern Command.

VerDate 16-FEB-2000 02:37 Feb 23, 2000 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D22FE0.REC pfrm04 PsN: D22FE0 February 22, 2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D105 House of Representatives Chamber Action DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION Committee on Armed Services: On February 17, the The House was not in session. The House will Committee continued hearings on the Fiscal Year meet at 12:30 p.m. on Tuesday, February 29 for 2001 National Defense Authorization Budget Re- morning-hour debates. quest. Testimony was heard from the following Gen. Wesley K. Clark, USA, Commander in Chief, U.S. Committee Meetings European Command, Department of Defense. CONDUCT OF MONETARY POLICY AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, FDA, AND RELATED AGENCIES Committee on Banking and Financial Services: On Feb- APPROPRIATIONS ruary 17, the Committee held a hearing on the Con- duct of Monetary Policy (Humphrey-Hawkins). Tes- Committee on Appropriations: On February 17, the Sub- timony was heard from Alan Greenspan, Chairman, committee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food Board of Governors, Federal Reserve System. and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies held a hearing on the Inspector General. Testimony OVERSIGHT—HIGH-RISK GOVERNMENT was heard from Roger C. Viadero, Inspector General, PROGRAMS USDA. Committee on the Budget: On February 17, the Com- mittee held a hearing on ‘‘Oversight of ‘High-Risk’ COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE, AND Government Programs.’’ Testimony was heard from JUDICIARY APPROPRIATIONS David M. Walker, Comptroller, GAO; Donald Committee on Appropriations: On February 17, the Sub- Mancuso, Deputy Inspector General, Department of committee on Commerce, Justice, State, and Judici- Defense; Susan Gaffney, Inspector General, Depart- ary held a hearing on the Legal Services Corporation. ment of Housing and Urban Development; June Testimony was heard from John McKay, President, Gibbs, Brown, Inspector General, Department of Legal Services Corporation. Health and Human Services; and Lorraine Pratte Lewis, Inspector General, Department of Education. DEFENSE APPROPRIATIONS LOW-POWER FM STATIONS—REGULATION Committee on Appropriations: On February 17, the Sub- BY FCC committee on Defense held a hearing on Defense Medical Programs. Testimony was heard from the Committee on Commerce: On February 17, the Sub- following officials of the Department of Defense: committee on Telecommunications, Trade, and Con- Rudy DeLeon, Under Secretary; William Lynn, II, sumer Protection a hearing on the FCC’s Low-power Under Secretary; and Sue Bailey, Assistant Secretary. FM: A Review of the FCC’s Spectrum Management Responsibilities in addition to H.R. 3439, Radio LABOR-HHS-EDUCATION Broadcasting Preservation Act of 1999. Testimony APPROPRIATIONS was heard from Bruce Franca, Deputy Chief, Office Committee on Appropriations: On February 17, Sub- of Engineering and Technology, FCC; and public committee on Labor, Health and Human Services, witnesses. and Education held a hearing on the National Heart, 21ST CENTURY WORKER SHORTAGES Lung, and Blood Institute, the National Institute of Committee on Education and the Workforce: On February Dental and Craniofacial Research, the National Insti- 17, the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investiga- tute of Drug Abuse and the National Institute on tions held a hearing on 21st Century Worker Short- Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Testimony was ages. Testimony was heard from public witnesses. heard from the following officials of the NIH, De- partment of Health and Human Services: Claude HHS DRUG TREATMENT SUPPORT Lenfant, M.D., Director, National Heart, Lung and Committee on Government Reform: On February 17, the Blood Institute; Harold Slavkin, DDS, Director, Na- Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy and tional Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; Human Resources held a hearing on HHS Drug Alan I. Leshner, M.D., Director, National Institute Treatment Support: Is SAMHSA Optimizing Re- of Drug Abuse; and Enoch Gordis, M.D., Director, sources? Testimony was heard from Janet Heinrich, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alco- Associate Director, Health, Finance and Public holism. Health Issues, GAO; and public witnesses.

VerDate 16-FEB-2000 02:37 Feb 23, 2000 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D22FE0.REC pfrm04 PsN: D22FE0 D106 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST February 22, 2000 MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES Washington, D.C.; and Father Leonid Kishkovsky, Committee on the Judiciary: On February 17, the Sub- Seacliff, New Jersey. committee on Immigration and Claims held a hear- f ing on the following bills: H.R. 3058, Anti-Atrocity NEW PUBLIC LAWS Alien Deportation Act; and H.R. 2883, Adopted Orphans Citizenship Act. Testimony was heard from (For last listing of Public Laws, see DAILY DIGEST, p. D100) Representative Foley; the following officials of the H.R. 2130, to amend the Controlled Substances Department of Justice: Gerri Ratliff, Director, Busi- Act to direct the emergency scheduling of gamma ness Process and Re-engineering Services and Acting hydroxybutyric acid, to provide for a national aware- Director, Office of Congressional Relations, Immi- ness campaign. Signed February 18, 2000. (P.L. gration and Naturalization Service; and James 106–172) Castello, Associate Deputy Attorney General; Ed- f ward A. Betancourt, Director, Office of Policy Re- view and Interagency Liaison, Bureau of Consular CONGRESSIONAL PROGRAM AHEAD Affairs, Department of State; and public witnesses. Week of February 23 through February 26, 2000 DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS Senate Chamber BUDGET To be announced. Committee on Veterans’ Affairs: On February 17, the Committee held a hearing on the Fiscal Year 2001 Senate Committees budget for the Department of Veterans Affairs. Tes- (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) timony was heard from Togo D. West, Jr., Secretary, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry: Feb- Department of Veterans Affairs; and representatives ruary 23, to hold hearings to examine issues dealing with of veterans organizations. water quality, 9 a.m., SD–106. Committee on Appropriations: February 23, Subcommittee PATIENT RECORDS CONFIDENTIALITY on Defense, to hold hearings on proposed budget esti- Committee on Ways and Means: On February 17, the mates for fiscal year 2001 for the Department of Defense, 9:30 a.m., SD–192. Subcommittee on Health held a hearing on the Con- February 24, Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, to fidentiality of Patient Records. Testimony was heard hold hearings on proposed supplemental appropriations from Margaret Hamburg, M.D., Assistant Secretary, for fiscal year ending September 30, 2000 for foreign as- Planning and Evaluation, Department of Health and sistance to Colombia, 10:30 a.m., SD–192. Human Services; and public witnesses. February 24, Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State, and the Judiciary, to hold hearings on proposed CHILD PROTECTION REVIEW SYSTEM budget estimates for fiscal year 2001 for the Department Committee on Ways and Means: On February 17, the of Commerce, 11 a.m., SD–138. Subcommittee on Human Resources held a hearing February 24, Subcommittee on Transportation, to hold on Child Protection Review System. Testimony was hearings on proposed budget estimates for fiscal year heard from Representative Greenwood; Olivia A. 2001 for the Department of Defense, focusing on safety initiatives, 11 a.m., SD–124. Golden, Assistant Secretary, Children and Families, Committee on Armed Services: February 23, to hold closed Department of Health and Human Services; and hearings on issues dealing with the situation in Kosovo, public witnesses. 9:30 a.m., SR–222. February 24, Subcommittee on Personnel, to hold hear- Joint Meetings ings on proposed legislation authorizing funds for fiscal year 2001 for the Department of Defense and the future RUSSIA RELIGIOUS FREEDOM years defense program, focusing on recruiting and reten- Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe tion within DOD and the Military Services, 2:30 p.m., (Helsinki Commission): On Thursday, February 17, SR–222. commission concluded hearings to examine the cur- Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs: Feb- rent status of religious liberty in Russia, focusing on ruary 23, to hold oversight hearings on the Monetary minority religious group harassment, after receiving Policy Report to Congress pursuant to the Full Employ- ment and Balanced Growth Act of 1978, 10 a.m., testimony from Robert Seiple, Ambassador-at-Large SH–216. for International Religious Freedom, Department of February 24, Subcommittee on Housing and Transpor- State; Anatoly Krasikov, International Religious Lib- tation, to hold oversight hearings on HUD’s Community erty Association, Moscow, Russia; Pastor Igor Builders’ Program, 9:30 a.m., SD–628. Nikitin, Union of Christians, St. Petersburg, Russia; February 24, Full Committee, to hold hearings on the Rabbi Levi Shemtov, American Friends of Lubavitch, nomination of Kathryn Shaw, of Pennsylvania, to be a

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Member of the Council of Economic Advisers; and Jay on the proposed emergency anti-drug assistance to Co- Johnson, of Wisconsin, to be Director of the Mint, 2 lombia, 10 a.m., SD–419. p.m., SD–628. Committee on Governmental Affairs: February 24, Perma- Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation: Feb- nent Subcommittee on Investigations, to hold hearings to ruary 23, Subcommittee on Surface Transportation and examine the day trading industry and its practices, 9:30 Merchant Marine, to hold oversight hearings on activities a.m., SD–342. of the National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AM- February 25, Permanent Subcommittee on Investiga- TRAK), 10 a.m., SR–253. tions, to continue hearings to examine the day trading in- Committee on Energy and Natural Resources: February 23, dustry and its practices, 9:30 a.m., SD–342. business meeting to consider pending calendar business, Committee on Indian Affairs: February 23, to hold over- 10 a.m., SD–366. sight hearings on the President’s proposed budget request February 23, Subcommittee on Forests and Public Land for fiscal year 2001 for Indian programs, 9:30 a.m., Management, to hold oversight hearings on the White SR–485. River National Forest Plan, 2:30 p.m., SD–366. Select Committee on Intelligence: February 23, to hold February 24, Full Committee, to hold hearings to ex- closed hearings on pending intelligence matters, 2 p.m., amine the high cost and low supply of home heating oil, SH–219. crude oil, and transportation fuels, 9:30 a.m., SH–216. February 24, Full Committee, to hold closed hearings February 24, Subcommittee on Forests and Public Land on pending intelligence matters, 2 p.m., SH–219. Management, to hold hearings on S. 1722, to amend the Committee on the Judiciary: February 23, to hold hearings Mineral Leasing Act to increase the maximum acreage of on S.1673, to amend titles 10 and 18, United States Federal leases for sodium that may be held by an entity Code, to protect unborn victims of violence, 10 a.m., in any 1 State; H.R. 3063, to amend the Mineral Leasing SD–226. Act to increase the maximum acreage of Federal leases for February 24, Full Committee, business meeting to con- sodium that may be held by an entity in any one State; sider H.R. 1658, to provide a more just and uniform pro- and S. 1950, to amend the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 cedure for Federal civil forfeitures; S. 2042, to reform the to ensure the orderly development of coal, coalbed meth- process by which the Office of the Pardon Attorney inves- ane, natural gas, and oil in the Powder River Basin, Wy- oming and Montana, 2:30 p.m., SD–366. tigates and reviews potential exercises of executive clem- Committee on Environment and Public Works: February 23, ency; S. 577, to provide for injunctive relief in Federal to hold oversight hearings on the President’s proposed district court to enforce State laws relating to the inter- budget estimates for fiscal year 2001 for the Environ- state transportation of intoxicating liquor; and other mental Protection Agency, 10:30 a.m., SD–406. pending calendar business, 10 a.m., SD–226. February 24, Subcommittee on Transportation and In- Committee on Small Business: February 24, to hold hear- frastructure, to hold hearings on proposed legislation au- ings on the President’s proposed budget request for fiscal thorizing funds for fiscal year 2001 for the Army Corps year 2001 for the Small Business Administration, 9 a.m., of Engineers, 10 a.m., SD–406. SR–428A. Committee on Finance: February 23, to hold hearings on the U.S.-China Bilateral Trade Agreement on China’s ac- House Chamber cession to the World Trade Organization, 9:30 a.m., The House was not in session today. SD–215. February 24, Full Committee, to hold hearings to ex- House Committees amine Medicare reform, focusing on prescription drug costs for seniors, 10 a.m., SD–215. No committee meetings are scheduled. Committee on Foreign Relations: February 24, to hold hearings to examine the AIDS crisis in Africa, 2:30 p.m., Joint Meetings SD–419. Joint Economic Committee: February 23, to hold hearings February 25, Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere, to examine cyber-threats to the U.S. economy, 9:30 a.m., Peace Corps, Narcotics and Terrorism, to hold hearings SD–562.

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Next Meeting of the SENATE Next meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 10 a.m., Wednesday, February 23 12:30 p.m., Tuesday, February 29

Senate Chamber House Chamber Program for Wednesday: After the recognition of two Program for Tuesday: To be announced. Senators for speeches and the transaction of any morning business (not to extend beyond 11:30 a.m.), Senate may consider any cleared legislative or executive business, in- cluding S. 1134, Affordable Education Act.

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