DOCSLIB.ORG

Educational Strategy Selection of Religious Minorities in Modern Iran: the Case of the Jewish, Christian, and Baha’I Communities

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Educational Strategy Selection of Religious Minorities in Modern Iran: the Case of the Jewish, Christian, and Baha’I Communities Educational Strategy Selection of Religious Minorities in Modern Iran: The Case of the Jewish, Christian, and Baha’i Communities Sina Mossayeb Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2010 © 2010 Sina Mossayeb All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Educational Strategy Selection of Religious Minorities in Modern Iran Sina Mossayeb Based on the concept of education as a universal right, this dissertation analyzes the impact of government repression on the access to and quality of educational opportunities of minority groups, and the strategies used by marginalized and discriminated groups in response to educational inequity under authoritarian regimes. Do minority groups accept, tolerate, resist, or reject the limitations imposed on them? Do they establish their own institutions and services, or leave the country in pursuit of educational opportunity? This dissertation describes and illustrates the situation of three groups: Jews, Christians, and Baha’is, living in modern Iran. I argue that group composition and characteristics, networks, and regime-group relations significantly shape the strategies developed, selected, and deployed by minority groups in meeting educational needs. Relational dynamics between the groups (and their internal communities) and the regime, and other transnational actors are critical motivating factors in the pursuit of educational opportunities. I draw on historical analysis and the mechanism-process approach to identify educational strategies and explain how they are selected, and argue that group features both affect educational strategy selection, and are affected by previous strategies. The relational dynamics of interactions, conditions, processes, and outcomes are considered as causal factors in educational strategy selection. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables .........................................................................................................................iv List of Figures ........................................................................................................................v Acknowledgments..................................................................................................................vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................1 Research Problem and Question ............................................................................................1 Theoretical Approach.............................................................................................................5 Methodological Approach .....................................................................................................6 Analysis..................................................................................................................................7 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ..............................................................................13 Conflict Theories of Education ..............................................................................................13 Reproduction Theories .....................................................................................................14 Resistance Theories .........................................................................................................17 Summary ..........................................................................................................................18 Social Movement and Contentious Politics Literature ..........................................................18 Resource Mobilization Theory and Political Process Theories .......................................19 Framing Process ...............................................................................................................25 Contentious Politics .........................................................................................................26 Summary ..........................................................................................................................34 International Relations Theories and Contentious Politics ....................................................35 Globalization and Internationalization .............................................................................35 Transnationalism and Transnational Contention .............................................................36 Summary ..........................................................................................................................41 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................43 Research Question .................................................................................................................43 Methodological Design ..........................................................................................................43 Sample Subjects and Sites .....................................................................................................44 Sample Sources ................................................................................................................45 Data Collection ......................................................................................................................45 Archival Sources ..............................................................................................................45 Interview Sources.............................................................................................................47 Consent and Confidentiality ..................................................................................................53 Secondary Analysis and Sources .....................................................................................53 Data Analysis Methods ..........................................................................................................54 Theoretical Propositions ..................................................................................................54 Interviews Analysis ..........................................................................................................55 Historical Analysis ...........................................................................................................56 Mechanism-Process Analysis ..........................................................................................58 Concepts of Network Analysis ........................................................................................60 Validity Issues ........................................................................................................................62 Limitations .............................................................................................................................63 i CHAPTER 4: CASE SETTING AND OBJECTS—IRAN AND ITS REGIMES ...............65 On Regimes ............................................................................................................................65 The Pahlavi Dynasty (1925 to 1979) .....................................................................................67 Reza Shah and Nation Building (1926 to 1941) ..............................................................67 Muhammad Reza Shah and an Era of Rapid Reform (1941 to 1978) .............................70 Summary of the Pahlavis .................................................................................................74 The Islamic Republic of Iran (1979 to the Present) ...............................................................75 Gestation of a Revolution: “Burn the Shah, End the Pahlavis” .......................................75 Birth of an Islamic Nation................................................................................................76 First Epoch: Khomeini and the Establishment of the Islamic Republic ..........................76 Second Epoch: The Search for Consolidation and Stabilization (ca. 1989 to 1997) .......81 The Third Epoch: From Revolution to Reform (ca. 1997 to 2005) .................................83 The Fourth Epoch: The Resurgence of Conservatism (2005 to 2009) ............................85 Summary of the Islamic Republic of Iran ........................................................................87 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................88 CHAPTER 5: CASE SUBJECTS—THE JEWISH, CHRISTIAN, AND BAHA’I COMMUNITIES .......................................................................................................90 Analysis of Variables and Bounds .........................................................................................90 Group Composition and Characteristics ..........................................................................90 Networks ..........................................................................................................................93 Regime-Group Relations .................................................................................................94 Group Composition and Characteristics of Jews, Christians, and Baha’is ............................96 Demography .....................................................................................................................96 Geographic Spread of the Three Minority
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ethnicity, Confession and Intercultural Dialogue at the European Union's
    Munich Personal RePEc Archive Ethnicity, Confession and Intercultural Dialogue at the European Union’s East Border Brie, Mircea and Horga, Ioan and Şipoş, Sorin University of Oradea, Romania 2011 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44082/ MPRA Paper No. 44082, posted 31 Jan 2013 05:28 UTC ETHNICITY, CONFESSION AND INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE AT THE EUROPEAN UNION EASTERN BORDER ETHNICITY, CONFESSION AND INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE AT THE EUROPEAN UNION EASTERN BORDER Mircea BRIE Ioan HORGA Sorin ŞIPOŞ (Coordinators) Debrecen/Oradea 2011 This present volume contains the papers of the international conference Ethnicity, Confession and Intercultural Dialogue at the European Union‟s East Border, held in Oradea between 2nd-5th of June 2011, organized by Institute for Euroregional Studies Oradea-Debrecen, University of Oradea and Department of International Relations and European Studies, with the support of the European Commission and Bihor County Council. CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY STUDIES Mircea BRIE Ethnicity, Religion and Intercultural Dialogue in the European Border Space.......11 Ioan HORGA Ethnicity, Religion and Intercultural Education in the Curricula of European Studies .......19 MINORITY AND MAJORITY IN THE EASTERN EUROPEAN AREA Victoria BEVZIUC Electoral Systems and Minorities Representations in the Eastern European Area........31 Sergiu CORNEA, Valentina CORNEA Administrative Tools in the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Ethnic Minorities .............................................................................................................47
    [Show full text]
  • Anthony Sherley's Relation of His Trauels
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications -- Department of English English, Department of 2016 Courtly Connections: Anthony Sherley’s Relation of his trauels (1613) in a Global Context Julia Schleck Kaya Sahin Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/englishfacpubs Part of the Comparative Literature Commons, English Language and Literature Commons, Modern Literature Commons, and the Reading and Language Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the English, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications -- Department of English by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Courtly Connections: Anthony Sherley’s Relation of his trauels (1613) in a Global Context KAYA S¸AHIN, Indiana University JULIA SCHLECK, University of Nebraska –Lincoln This article revisits Anthony Sherley’s Relation of his trauels into Persia (1613), reading the text within the larger context of early modern Eurasia. It highlights the ways in which at least one European traveler sought and found not alterity, but commensurable structures, social roles, political ideologies, and personal motivations in the Islamic polities to the east and emphasized these connections to his European readers. Furthermore, in making the case that Sherley’s narrative is informed by local actors in Safavid Persia, it maintains that a certain level of Eastern knowledge is present within Western texts from this period and awaits scholarly excavation. INTRODUCTION DESPITE VARIOUS ATTEMPTS by literary theorists and historians to find more integrative ways of studying early modern societies and cultures, fairly essentialist notions of the difference between Europe and the rest of the world continue to persist in scholarship.
    [Show full text]
  • NANCY LAMBTON Ann Katharine Swynford Lambton 1912–2008
    NANCY LAMBTON Ann Katharine Swynford Lambton 1912–2008 ANN KATHARINE SWYNFORD LAMBTON was one of the few outstanding scholars of the Persian language and Persian history that Britain has produced since the subject developed within the wider academic discipline of oriental languages in the nineteenth century. Early in her career she established a reputation as the pre-eminent specialist in all matters Persian: language and grammar, history and political thought in the Islamic period, religion, current events and contemporary political analysis were all considered to lie within her expertise. For many both within and out- side the scholarly community she was the ultimate authority in all these specialisations. There have been few scholars who have so dominated their field for such a long period. For close on seven decades in an exceptionally long, active life she published her research with single-minded determina- tion, for a quarter of a century she held the senior chair in Persian in British universities, and throughout much of her adult life she was thought to be an informal advisor to politicians, diplomats, and oil company directors. Inevitably in a life that spanned some of the decisive events in Iran’s history from the Allied occupation and fall of Reza Shah in 1941, the Azarbaijan crisis in 1946, the coup d’état of 1953, the land reforms of the early 1960s, and the Islamic Revolution of 1979, in all of which she was alleged to have played some part, myths and legends rapidly accumulated about her. Admired by many for her scholarly achievements, demonised by others for her political involvement, fictionalised in the post-revolutionary Iranian press as the eminence grise of British Intelligence, credited with single- handedly breaking up a German espionage operation in the Second World War, and briefly portrayed in a recent English novel—James Buchan’sA Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the British Academy, XII, 235–273.
    [Show full text]
  • The Strategic Roots of Russian Expansionism in the Middle East Reza Parchizadeh
    The Journal for Interdisciplinary Middle Eastern Studies Volume 6, No. 2, Fall 2020, pp. 131-163 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26351/JIMES/6-2/2 ISSN: 2522-347X (print); 2522-6959 (online) The Strategic Roots of Russian Expansionism in the Middle East Reza Parchizadeh Abstract Russian expansionism in the Middle East follows a systematic approach to the region that is predicated on a profound understanding of the geopolitical, cultural, and religious landscape of the Middle East along the lines of the historical Russian strategic imperatives. For the time being, Russia’s aim is to supplant the United States as the main political power in the Middle East. However, in the long run, the ultimate Russian goal is to dominate the world as the sole global superpower. My argument is that although Russia’s fortunes have ebbed and flowed throughout modern history, what the Russian political establishment has demonstrated in regard to ideological/territorial expansionism, from the Tsarist Empire to the USSR to the Russian Federation, is strategic continuity. As such, in this article I am going to conduct a strategic survey of the Russian expansionism in the Middle East throughout modern history and then warn of the impending dangers of unchecked Russian expansionism for contemporary US and Middle East security and for the future of global democracy and liberal world order. Keywords: Aleksandr Dugin, Eurasianism, geopolitics, Halford John Mackinder, Middle East, Russian expansionism, Vladimir Putin Dr. Reza Parchizadeh – Indiana University of Pennsylvania (IUP); [email protected] 131 132 Reza Parchizadeh Introduction Russia is no stranger to the Middle East, and Russian expansionism in that region of the world is by no means a new phenomenon.
    [Show full text]
  • Nablus, WEST BANK
    The Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association Supporting the Episcopal/Anglican Church in the Province www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No. 248799 The Province of Jerusalem and the Middle East Archbishop Mouneer Anis The Diocese of Egypt and North Africa with the Horn of Africa The Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association helps support: Providing primary and preventative medical services to meet the needs of the community. Harpur Hospital and Harpur Memorial Hospital Menouf, EGYPT Sadat City, EGYPT www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No. 248799 The Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association helps support: A church for 70 Anglican congregations and providing theological training in the region. The Church and Theological Centre Gambella, ETHIOPIA www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No. 248799 Archbishop Suheil Dawani The Diocese of Jerusalem The Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association helps support: Developing relationships between the Cathedral, residents and pilgrims. St George’s Cathedral Jerusalem www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No. 248799 The Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association helps support: Bearing witness to God’s love by providing high quality health care without prejudice Al-Ahli Hospital GAZA www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No. 248799 The Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association helps support: To train, educate and empower families of children with special needs. Princess Basma Centre for Disabled Children Mount of Olives, JERUSALEM www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No. 248799 Bishop Michael Lewis The Diocese of Cyprus and the Gulf The Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association helps support: Providing affordable and reliable health care for the people of Aden and beyond Ras Morbat Clinic Aden, YEMEN REPUBLIC www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No.
    [Show full text]
  • Jesus, the Son of God: Biblical Meaning, Muslim Understanding, and Implications for Translation and Bible Literacy
    JESUS, THE SON OF GOD: BIBLICAL MEANING, MUSLIM UNDERSTANDING, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR TRANSLATION AND BIBLE LITERACY By Matthew Carlton 1 1 Introduction Christianity Today's (CT) February 2011 cover story2 brings to light the startling fact that certain Bible translators are removing Father-Son terminology from the Bible text for Muslim audiences when those terms refer to Jesus and God the Father. What is their rationale for this? These translators, who are part of the Muslim- idiom translation (MIT) movement, claim that "Son of God" and related terms communicate wrong meaning to Muslims, and that this wrong meaning causes many to avoid even looking at a Bible. Based on this premise, the solution they propose and are implement- ing is to remove these terms from the Bible text. How do they jus- tify this practice? They first treat all Father-Son terminology as merely metaphorical. Then they propose the use of certain substi- tute terms that they claim will acceptably communicate to Muslims the correct meaning of these "metaphors". After reading the CT article and some of the MIT movement’s writings, a person could easily be led to believe that the primary key to removing barriers to the gospel among Islamic peoples is to take references to Jesus as "Son" and to God as "Father" out of the translated Bible text and replace them with these substitute terms. Is this growing trend a !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1 Since 1983, Matthew Carlton has worked as a Bible translator and transla- tion/literacy consultant in six different countries of Africa and Asia. He is produc- ing Bible translation resources in several major languages and conducts translation production workshops for translation teams overseas.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bazaars Are Full of Surprises … Where One Can Buy All Kinds of Junk Laid out in Little Chess- Board Squares on the Grou
    Глава 7. MECHANICS FLEEING COMMUNISM: RUSSIAN REFUGEES IN IRAN AND THEIR RESETTLEMENT IN AUSTRALIA, 1930–1955 1 “The Bazaars are full of surprises … where one can buy all kinds of junk laid out in little chess- board squares on the ground, for a few farthings, eve- ry kind of thing from old sardine-tins to silver kettles pawned by Russian refugees. Nothing more tragic than this evidence of the Russian catastrophe; here is an old gramophone record, and here a pair of high button boots, very small in the foot, with a pair of skates screwed on; they speak not only of present day misery, but of a life once lived in gaiety; and all theo- retical sympathy with Lenin vanishes at the sight of this human, personal sacrifice made on the altar of a compulsory brotherhood. Russia seems very near.2” Vita Sackville-West made this observation on the human consequences of the Russian Revolution when in Tehran in 1926 while visiting her husband, Harold Nicholson, who was Charge d’affaires at the British Legation. The Russian Diaspora in Iran (and indeed in the Middle East more generally) has not been the subject of academic study to date. The purpose of my research is to address this gap, examine the experience of this group of stateless refugees, 1 Сведения об авторе: Маркус Джеймс – PhD, научный сотруд- ник Центра арабских и исламских исследований (Центральная Азия и Ближний Восток), Колледж искусств и социальных наук АНУ, Австралийский национальный университет, Актон, Ав- стралийская столичная территория 2601, Австралия. Email: [email protected] 2 Sackville-West, Vita.
    [Show full text]
  • Magazine of the Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association
    Bible Lands Winter 2017/18 Magazine of the Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association www.jmeca.org.uk & TH M E M LE ID SA DL RU E E EA J S N T I D H I C O R C E U S H E C O L F A J P E O R C U S S I A P L E E M E H T Jerusalem Egypt & North Africa Cyprus & the Gulf Iran Archbishop of Canterbury visits the Holy Land ........................................ p4 Archbishop Suheil Dawani elected Primate .............................................. p6 Christians of Iraq .......................................................................................... p9 THE JERUSALEM AND Bible Lands Editor Letters, articles, comments are welcomed by the Editor: THE MIDDLE EAST CHURCH The Reverend Dr. Stephen W. Need ASSOCIATION Email: [email protected] The next issue will be published in May for (JMECA) Summer 2018. Views expressed in this magazine are not necessarily Founded in 1887 those of the Association; therefore only signed articles ‘To encourage support in prayer, money and will be published. personal service for the religious and other JMECA Website www.jmeca.org.uk charitable work of the Episcopal church in The site has information for each of the four Dioceses Jerusalem and the Middle East’. with links to the websites of each one and regular Reg. Charity no. 1158476 updates of Middle East news. www.jmeca.org.uk Patron The Most Reverend and Right Honourable THE CENTRAL SYNOD OF THE PROVINCE The Archbishop of Canterbury President Chairman The Most Revd Suheil Dawani Mr. Huw Thomas Secretary Administrator Mrs. Georgia Katsantonis Mrs. Shirley Eason [email protected] Assistant: Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Nablus, WEST BANK
    Supporting the Episcopal/Anglican Church in the Province (from left to right in the photograph above) - Archbishop Michael Lewis – President Bishop and Bishop of the Diocese of Cyprus & the Gulf - Bishop Mouneer Anis –Bishop of Egypt, North Africa & the Horn of Africa - Archbishop Suheil Dawani –Bishop in Jerusalem - Diocese of Iran – currently without a Bishop www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No. 1158476 The Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association helps support: Province of Alexandria Diocese of Egypt Diocese of North Africa Diocese of the Horn of Africa Diocese of Gambella The Diocese of Egypt, N Africa and the Horn of Africa is to be become a new separate Province - For the process and administration of re-structuring of the two separate Provinces - The appointment of a Bishop to oversee the churches in Iran and the granting of the necessary visas - The appointment of a new Bishop in Egypt for September 2020 - The appointment of a new Bishop in Jerusalem for 2021 www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No. 1158476 The Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association helps support: Providing a welcome for all Christians, to address both their spiritual and community needs. - St George’s Cathedral, & 23 churches in the Diocese of Jerusalem - All Saints Cathedral, & 18 churches in the Diocese of Egypt, N Africa & Horn of Africa - St Paul’s Cathedral & 10 churches in the Diocese of Cyprus along with St Christopher’s Cathedral, Bahrain and 13 churches across the Gulf - The churches in Isfahan, Tehran, Shiraz and Julfa, Iran www.JMECA.org.uk JMECA Registered Charity No.
    [Show full text]
  • Postrevolutionary Iran a POLITICAL HANDBOOK
    ASSOCIATION FOR IRANIAN STUDIES انجمن ایران پژوهی http://associationforiranianstudies.org AIS Newsletter | Volume 39, Number 1 | Spring 2018 PRESIDENT’S NOTE Dear Colleagues, I am writing to you about the Association for Iranian Studies Conference which is to be held at the Dr. Samuel M. Jordan Center for Persian Studies at the University of California, Irvine. Thanks to the hard work of Dr. Mateo Farzaneh and Dr. Camron Amin, we have our final program ready to be printed. We will have a number of special panels dealing with the impact of the travel ban, Abbas Amanat’s monumental book on the history of Modern Iran, and the importance of the late Iranian intellectual Dariush Shayegan. We are all set for the conference which will have many attendees, as well as lots of Persian food! One of our main concerns is the visa situation for our colleagues in Iran. As the President of AIS, I have written letters for all those who are planning to attend and are attempting to receive a U.S. visa. Unfortunately, some of our colleagues from Iran have been denied visas to attend the conference. I hope that in the coming months there will be a change in the policies of some of the U.S. embassies in the Persian Gulf countries and the rest of the Middle East. Touraj Daryaee, President of AIS LIKE OUR AIS FACEBOOK PAGE! HTTPS://WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/ASSOCIATIONFORIRANIANSTUDIES/ Please note that the Association’s web address has changed to http://associationforiranianstudies.org/ Please update your bookmarks. Association for Iranian Studies Founded in 1967 AIS 2018 OFFICERS AIS Newsletter | Volume 39, Number 1 | Spring 2018 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 2018 MEMBER NEWS AIS CONFERENCE NEWS TOURAJ DARYAEE Abbas Amanat’s new book Iran: A Modern History has been published Conference Chair Mateo Farzaneh and Program Chair Cameron Amin have finalized PRESIDENT UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE by Yale University Press, 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • National Convention 2009
    National Convention 2009 American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies November 12–15, 2009 Boston, Massachusetts American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies 41st National Convention November 12–15, 2009 Marriott Copley Place Boston, Massachusetts American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies 8 Story Street, 3rd fl oor Cambridge, MA 02138 tel.: 617-495-0677, fax: 617-495-0680 e-mail: [email protected] web site: www.aaass.org iii CONTENTS Convention Schedule Overview ................................................................. iv List of the Meeting Rooms at the Marriott Copley Place ............................ v Diagrams of Meeting Rooms .................................................................vi–ix Exhibit Hall Diagram ...................................................................................x Index of Exhibitors, Alphabetical................................................................ xi Index of Exhibitors, by Booth Number .......................................................xii 2009 AAASS Board of Directors ...............................................................xiii AAASS National Offi ce .............................................................................xiii Program Committee for the Boston, MA Convention ................................xiii AAASS Affi liates .......................................................................................xiv 2009 AAASS Institutional Members ......................................................... xv Program
    [Show full text]
  • Download Bible Lands Summer 2019 Edition
    Bible Lands Summer 2019 Magazine of the Jerusalem and the Middle East Church Association www.jmeca.org.uk & TH M E M LE ID SA DL RU E E EA J S N T I D H I C O R C E U S H E C O L F A J P E O R C U S S I A P L E E M E H T Jerusalem Egypt & North Africa Cyprus & the Gulf Iran Gaza – news from a ‘suffering church’ .................................................. p.6 Awareness Foundation ......................................................................... p.10 New Archdeacon and Dean ................................................................. p.16 Katafiyio Retreat House ........................................................................ p.17 Book Reviews ....................................................................................... p.20 THE JERUSALEM AND Bible Lands Editor Letters, articles, comments are welcomed by the Editor: THE MIDDLE EAST CHURCH The Reverend Dr. Stephen W. Need ASSOCIATION Email: [email protected] The next issue will be published in November for (JMECA) Winter 2019/20. Views expressed in this magazine are not necessarily Founded in 1887 those of the Association; therefore only signed articles ‘To encourage support in prayer, money and will be published. personal service for the religious and other Front cover photo: Restored angel mosaic at the charitable work of the Episcopal church in Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. Jerusalem and the Middle East’. JMECA Website www.jmeca.org.uk Reg. Charity no. 1158476 www.jmeca.org.uk The site has information for each of the four Dioceses with links to the websites of each one and regular Patron updates of Middle East news. The Most Reverend and Right Honourable The Archbishop of Canterbury THE CENTRAL SYNOD OF THE PROVINCE Chairman President The Reverend Canon Anthony Ball The Most Revd Suheil Dawani Administrator Secretary Mrs Georgia Katsantonis Mrs.
    [Show full text]