Guide to Crustacea
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Lobsters-Identification, World Distribution, and U.S. Trade
Lobsters-Identification, World Distribution, and U.S. Trade AUSTIN B. WILLIAMS Introduction tons to pounds to conform with US. tinents and islands, shoal platforms, and fishery statistics). This total includes certain seamounts (Fig. 1 and 2). More Lobsters are valued throughout the clawed lobsters, spiny and flat lobsters, over, the world distribution of these world as prime seafood items wherever and squat lobsters or langostinos (Tables animals can also be divided rougWy into they are caught, sold, or consumed. 1 and 2). temperate, subtropical, and tropical Basically, three kinds are marketed for Fisheries for these animals are de temperature zones. From such partition food, the clawed lobsters (superfamily cidedly concentrated in certain areas of ing, the following facts regarding lob Nephropoidea), the squat lobsters the world because of species distribu ster fisheries emerge. (family Galatheidae), and the spiny or tion, and this can be recognized by Clawed lobster fisheries (superfamily nonclawed lobsters (superfamily noting regional and species catches. The Nephropoidea) are concentrated in the Palinuroidea) . Food and Agriculture Organization of temperate North Atlantic region, al The US. market in clawed lobsters is the United Nations (FAO) has divided though there is minor fishing for them dominated by whole living American the world into 27 major fishing areas for in cooler waters at the edge of the con lobsters, Homarus americanus, caught the purpose of reporting fishery statis tinental platform in the Gul f of Mexico, off the northeastern United States and tics. Nineteen of these are marine fish Caribbean Sea (Roe, 1966), western southeastern Canada, but certain ing areas, but lobster distribution is South Atlantic along the coast of Brazil, smaller species of clawed lobsters from restricted to only 14 of them, i.e. -
Wild Species 2010 the GENERAL STATUS of SPECIES in CANADA
Wild Species 2010 THE GENERAL STATUS OF SPECIES IN CANADA Canadian Endangered Species Conservation Council National General Status Working Group This report is a product from the collaboration of all provincial and territorial governments in Canada, and of the federal government. Canadian Endangered Species Conservation Council (CESCC). 2011. Wild Species 2010: The General Status of Species in Canada. National General Status Working Group: 302 pp. Available in French under title: Espèces sauvages 2010: La situation générale des espèces au Canada. ii Abstract Wild Species 2010 is the third report of the series after 2000 and 2005. The aim of the Wild Species series is to provide an overview on which species occur in Canada, in which provinces, territories or ocean regions they occur, and what is their status. Each species assessed in this report received a rank among the following categories: Extinct (0.2), Extirpated (0.1), At Risk (1), May Be At Risk (2), Sensitive (3), Secure (4), Undetermined (5), Not Assessed (6), Exotic (7) or Accidental (8). In the 2010 report, 11 950 species were assessed. Many taxonomic groups that were first assessed in the previous Wild Species reports were reassessed, such as vascular plants, freshwater mussels, odonates, butterflies, crayfishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Other taxonomic groups are assessed for the first time in the Wild Species 2010 report, namely lichens, mosses, spiders, predaceous diving beetles, ground beetles (including the reassessment of tiger beetles), lady beetles, bumblebees, black flies, horse flies, mosquitoes, and some selected macromoths. The overall results of this report show that the majority of Canada’s wild species are ranked Secure. -
Ecosystem Profile Madagascar and Indian
ECOSYSTEM PROFILE MADAGASCAR AND INDIAN OCEAN ISLANDS FINAL VERSION DECEMBER 2014 This version of the Ecosystem Profile, based on the draft approved by the Donor Council of CEPF was finalized in December 2014 to include clearer maps and correct minor errors in Chapter 12 and Annexes Page i Prepared by: Conservation International - Madagascar Under the supervision of: Pierre Carret (CEPF) With technical support from: Moore Center for Science and Oceans - Conservation International Missouri Botanical Garden And support from the Regional Advisory Committee Léon Rajaobelina, Conservation International - Madagascar Richard Hughes, WWF – Western Indian Ocean Edmond Roger, Université d‘Antananarivo, Département de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales Christopher Holmes, WCS – Wildlife Conservation Society Steve Goodman, Vahatra Will Turner, Moore Center for Science and Oceans, Conservation International Ali Mohamed Soilihi, Point focal du FEM, Comores Xavier Luc Duval, Point focal du FEM, Maurice Maurice Loustau-Lalanne, Point focal du FEM, Seychelles Edmée Ralalaharisoa, Point focal du FEM, Madagascar Vikash Tatayah, Mauritian Wildlife Foundation Nirmal Jivan Shah, Nature Seychelles Andry Ralamboson Andriamanga, Alliance Voahary Gasy Idaroussi Hamadi, CNDD- Comores Luc Gigord - Conservatoire botanique du Mascarin, Réunion Claude-Anne Gauthier, Muséum National d‘Histoire Naturelle, Paris Jean-Paul Gaudechoux, Commission de l‘Océan Indien Drafted by the Ecosystem Profiling Team: Pierre Carret (CEPF) Harison Rabarison, Nirhy Rabibisoa, Setra Andriamanaitra, -
Taxonomy, Biology and Distribution of Lobsters
Taxonomy, Biology and Distribution of Lobsters 15 Rekha Devi Chakraborty and E.V.Radhakrishnan Crustacean Fisheries Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi-682 018 Lobsters are among the most prized of fisheries resources and of significant commercial interest in many countries. Because of their high value and esteemed culinary worth, much attention has been paid to lobsters in biological, fisheries, and systematic literature. They have a great demand in the domestic market as a delicacy and is a foreign exchange earner for the country. Taxonomic status Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Crustacea Class: Malacostraca Subclass: Eumalacostraca Superorder: Eucarida Order: Decapoda Suborder: Macrura Reptantia The suborder Macrura Reptantia consists of three infraorders: Astacidea (Marine lobsters and freshwater crayfishes), Palinuridea (Spiny lobsters and slipper lobsters) and Thalassinidea (mud lobsters). The infraorder Astacidea Summer School on Recent Advances in Marine Biodiversity Conservation and Management 100 Rekha Devi Chakraborty and E.V.Radhakrishnan contains three superfamilies of which only one (the Infraorder Palinuridea, Superfamily Eryonoidea, Family Nephropoidea) is considered here. The remaining two Polychelidae superfamilies (Astacoidea and parastacoidea) contain the 1b. Third pereiopod never with a true chela,in most groups freshwater crayfishes. The superfamily Nephropoidea (40 chelae also absent from first and second pereiopods species) consists almost entirely of commercial or potentially 3a Antennal flagellum reduced to a single broad and flat commercial species. segment, similar to the other antennal segments ..... Infraorder Palinuridea, Superfamily Palinuroidea, The infraorder Palinuridea also contains three superfamilies Family Scyllaridae (Eryonoidea, Glypheoidea and Palinuroidea) all of which are 3b Antennal flagellum long, multi-articulate, flexible, whip- marine. The Eryonoidea are deepwater species of insignificant like, or more rigid commercial interest. -
Astacidea: Cambaridae): Experimental Testing of Setobranch Function
Invertebrate Biology 117(2): 129-143. © 1998 American Microscopical Society, Inc. Gill-cleaning mechanisms of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Astacidea: Cambaridae): experimental testing of setobranch function Raymond T. Bauer1 Department of Biology, University of Southwestern Louisiana, Lafayette, LA, 70504-2451, USA Abstract. Gills of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii are cleaned by two sets of setae which are thrust back and forth among gill filaments by feeding, locomotory, or other movements of thoracic legs. Setae with a complex, rasping microstructure arise from papillae (setobranchs.) on the third maxillipeds and pereopods 1-4, and extend up between the inner layer of arthro- branch and outer layer of podobranch gills. The lateral sides of the podobranchs, beyond the range of the setobranch setae, are penetrated by a field of setae projecting from the inner side of the gill cover. These branchiostegal setae bear digitate scale setules like those borne by the setobranch setae. Although cleaning setae act concomitantly with any type of leg movement, these animals engage in a previously unreponed behavior, "limb rocking," whose sole function appears to be gill cleaning. The effectiveness of cleaning setae was tested with experiments in which setobranch setae were removed from the branchial chamber of one side but not the other. Treated crayfishes set out in commercial ponds and a natural swamp habitat suffered heavy particulate fouling on gill filaments deprived of setobranch setae. The pattern of fouling showed that branchiostegal setae also prevented particulate fouling. However, gill-cleaning setae were not effective against bac teria] or ciliate fouling. It is concluded that molting is the only escape from epibiotic fouling in P. -
Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Freshwater Crayfish Euastacus
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37 (2005) 249–263 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogeny and biogeography of the freshwater crayWsh Euastacus (Decapoda: Parastacidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA Heather C. Shull a, Marcos Pérez-Losada a, David Blair b, Kim Sewell b,c, Elizabeth A. Sinclair a, Susan Lawler d, Mark Ponniah e, Keith A. Crandall a,¤ a Department of Integrative Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-5181, USA b School of Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia c Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia d Department of Environmental Management and Ecology, La Trobe University, Wodonga, Vic. 3689, Australia e Australian School of Environmental Studies, GriYth University, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia Received 17 November 2004; revised 7 April 2005; accepted 29 April 2005 Available online 18 July 2005 Abstract Euastacus crayWsh are endemic to freshwater ecosystems of the eastern coast of Australia. While recent evolutionary studies have focused on a few of these species, here we provide a comprehensive phylogenetic estimate of relationships among the species within the genus. We sequenced three mitochondrial gene regions (COI, 16S, and 12S) and one nuclear region (28S) from 40 species of the genus Euastacus, as well as one undescribed species. Using these data, we estimated the phylogenetic relationships within the genus using maximum-likelihood, parsimony, and Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo analyses. Using Bayes factors to test diVerent model hypotheses, we found that the best phylogeny supports monophyletic groupings of all but two recognized species and suggests a widespread ancestor that diverged by vicariance. -
Slipper Lobsters (Scyllaridae) Off the Southeastern Coast of Brazil: Relative Growth, Population Structure, and Reproductive
55 Abstract—The hooded slipper lobster Slipper lobsters (Scyllaridae) off the (Scyllarides deceptor) and Brazilian slipper lobster (S. brasiliensis) are southeastern coast of Brazil: relative growth, commonly caught by fishing fleets (with double-trawling and longline population structure, and reproductive biology pots and traps) off the southeastern coast of Brazil. Their reproductive Luis Felipe de Almeida Duarte (contact author)1 biology is poorly known and research 2 on these 2 species would benefit ef- Evandro Severino-Rodrigues forts in resource management. This Marcelo A. A. Pinheiro3 study characterized the population Maria A. Gasalla4 structure of these exploited species on the basis of sampling from May Email address for contact author: [email protected] 2006 to April 2007 off the coast of Santos, Brazil. Data for the abso- 1 Departamento de Zoologia 3 Laboratório de Biologia de Crustáceos lute fecundity, size at maturity in Ca[mpus de Rio Claro Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia de Crustáceos females, reproductive period, and Universidade Estadual Paulista Ca[mpus Experimental do Litoral Paulista morphometric relationships of the Avenida 24 A, 1515 Universidade Estadual Paulista dominant species, the hooded slipper 13506-900, Rio Claro Praça Infante D. Henrique lobster, are presented. Significant São Paulo, Brazil s/n°11330-900, São Vicente differential growth was not observed 2 São Paulo, Brazil between juveniles and adults of each Instituto de Pesca 4 sex, although there was a small in- Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Laboratório de Ecossistemas Pesqueiros vestment of energy in the width and Agronegócios Departamento de Oceanográfico Biológica length of the abdomen in females Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento Instituto Oceanográfico and in the carapace length for males Governo do Estado São Paulo Universidade de São Paulo in larger animals (>25 cm in total Avenida Bartolomeu de Gusmão, 192 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 length [TL]). -
Shrimps, Lobsters, and Crabs of the Atlantic Coast of the Eastern United States, Maine to Florida
SHRIMPS, LOBSTERS, AND CRABS OF THE ATLANTIC COAST OF THE EASTERN UNITED STATES, MAINE TO FLORIDA AUSTIN B.WILLIAMS SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS Washington, D.C. 1984 © 1984 Smithsonian Institution. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Williams, Austin B. Shrimps, lobsters, and crabs of the Atlantic coast of the Eastern United States, Maine to Florida. Rev. ed. of: Marine decapod crustaceans of the Carolinas. 1965. Bibliography: p. Includes index. Supt. of Docs, no.: SI 18:2:SL8 1. Decapoda (Crustacea)—Atlantic Coast (U.S.) 2. Crustacea—Atlantic Coast (U.S.) I. Title. QL444.M33W54 1984 595.3'840974 83-600095 ISBN 0-87474-960-3 Editor: Donald C. Fisher Contents Introduction 1 History 1 Classification 2 Zoogeographic Considerations 3 Species Accounts 5 Materials Studied 8 Measurements 8 Glossary 8 Systematic and Ecological Discussion 12 Order Decapoda , 12 Key to Suborders, Infraorders, Sections, Superfamilies and Families 13 Suborder Dendrobranchiata 17 Infraorder Penaeidea 17 Superfamily Penaeoidea 17 Family Solenoceridae 17 Genus Mesopenaeiis 18 Solenocera 19 Family Penaeidae 22 Genus Penaeus 22 Metapenaeopsis 36 Parapenaeus 37 Trachypenaeus 38 Xiphopenaeus 41 Family Sicyoniidae 42 Genus Sicyonia 43 Superfamily Sergestoidea 50 Family Sergestidae 50 Genus Acetes 50 Family Luciferidae 52 Genus Lucifer 52 Suborder Pleocyemata 54 Infraorder Stenopodidea 54 Family Stenopodidae 54 Genus Stenopus 54 Infraorder Caridea 57 Superfamily Pasiphaeoidea 57 Family Pasiphaeidae 57 Genus -
Fishery Circular
NOAA TR NMFS CIRC-389 A UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Technical Report NMFS CIRC-389 PUBLICATION NOAA / V \ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service ' ''•..,1 O' Marine Flora and Fauna of the Northeastern United States, Crustacea : Decapoda AUSTIN B.WILLIAMS SEATTLE, WA April 1974 NOAA TECHNICAL REPORTS National Marine Fisheries Service, Circulars The major responsibilities of the National Marine Fisheries Service <NMFS) are to monitor and assess the abundance and geographic distribution of fishery resources, to understand and predict fluctuations in the quantity and distribution of these resources, and to establish levels for optimum use of the resources. NMFS is also charged with the development and implementation of policies for managing national fishing grounds, development and enforcement of domestic fisheries regulations, sur^eillance of foreign fishing off United States coastal waters, and the development and enforcement of international fishery agreement and policies. NMFS also assists the fishing industry through marketing service and economic analysis programs, and mortgage insurance and vessel construction subsidies. It collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics on various phases of the industr>'. The NOAA Technical Report NMFS CIRC series continues a series that has been in existence since 1941. The Circulars are technical publications ol general interest in- tended to aid conservation and management. Publications that review in considerable detail and at a high technical level certain broad areas of research appear in this series. Technical papers originating in economics studies and from management investigations appear in the Circular series. NOAA Technical Reports NMFS CIRC are available free in limited numbers to governmental agencies, both Federal and State. -
A Revision of the Tasmanian Freshwater Crayfish Genus Astacopsis Huxley (Decapoda: Parastacidae)
Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, Volume 126, 1992 91 A REVISION OF THE TASMANIAN FRESHWATER CRAYFISH GENUS ASTACOPSIS HUXLEY (DECAPODA: PARASTACIDAE). by Premek Hamr (with three text-figures) HAMR, P., 1992 (31 :x): A revision of the Tasmanian freshwater crayfish genus Astacopsis Huxley (Dccapoda: ·Parastacidae). Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 126: 91-94. ISSN 0080-4703. 28 Undercliffe Ave, Hamilton, Ontario, L8P 3HI, Canada: formerly Department of Zoology, University of Tasmania. During a broad study of the biology of the freshwater in rhe Tasmanian genus fWO distinct forms of Astacopsis franklinii were recognised. These "forms" were found to diffcr in terms of their general morphology and distribution. As a result, the taxonomy of Astacopsis has been revised to re-establish the three species originally described by Ellen Clark. Astacopsis franklinii Gray has been divided into fWO separate species, the eastern Astacopsis franklinti and the western Astacopsis tricorn is, while the status ofArtacopsis gouldi remains unaltered. Key Words: Astacopsis, Tasmania, distribution, taxonomy. INTRODUCTION to vary greatly in size and spininess. In their re-examination of the various morphological characters, Swain et al. (1982) The members of the genus Astacopsis, which include the found that the variation in spininess and size had a world's largest freshwater crayfish (and therefore invertebrate) geographical basis. It will be shown in this study that this species, are associated with riverine and lacustrine habitats variation is, in fact, at least partly due to the occurrence of throughout Tasmania (Swain et al. 1982). Taxonomically two distinct forms within A. franklinii, and it is further and ecologically their closest relatives are the crayfishes of the proposed that these two forms should be treated as two genera Euastacus and Astacoides (Hobbs 1987,1988, Riek separate species. -
Marine Ecology Progress Series 469:195
Vol. 469: 195–213, 2012 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published November 26 doi: 10.3354/meps09862 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Contribution to the Theme Section ‘Effects of climate and predation on subarctic crustacean populations’ OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Ecological role of large benthic decapods in marine ecosystems: a review Stephanie A. Boudreau*, Boris Worm Biology Department, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada ABSTRACT: Large benthic decapods play an increasingly important role in commercial fisheries worldwide, yet their roles in the marine ecosystem are less well understood. A synthesis of exist- ing evidence for 4 infraorders of large benthic marine decapods, Brachyura (true crabs), Anomura (king crabs), Astacidea (clawed lobsters) and Achelata (clawless lobsters), is presented here to gain insight into their ecological roles and possible ecosystem effects of decapod fisheries. The reviewed species are prey items for a wide range of invertebrates and vertebrates. They are omnivorous but prefer molluscs and crustaceans as prey. Experimental studies have shown that decapods influence the structuring of benthic habitat, occasionally playing a keystone role by sup- pressing herbivores or space competitors. Indirectly, via trophic cascades, they can contribute to the maintenance of kelp forest, marsh grass, and algal turf habitats. Changes in the abundance of their predators can strongly affect decapod population trends. Commonly documented non- consumptive interactions include interference-competition for food or shelter, as well as habitat provision for other invertebrates. Anthropogenic factors such as exploitation, the creation of pro- tected areas, and species introductions influence these ecosystem roles by decreasing or increas- ing decapod densities, often with measurable effects on prey communities. -
Download Full Article 2.2MB .Pdf File
March 1941 �!Dr. NAT.. Mus. VrcT., 12, 1941. https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.1941.12.01 REVISION OF THE GENUS EUAS11AGUS (CRAY FISHES, FAMILY PARASTACIDAE), WITH NOTES ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF CERTAIN SPECIES.1 By Ellen Clark Plates I-IX, Fig. 1. INTRODUCTION. In a previous paper (2) an attempt was made to clear up the synonymy of the Australian Parastacidae, but it was not possible to make a complete survey of the group as material from many districts ,vas not available. Since that time, how ever, much material from localities not previously repre sented bas been collected or received for identification. Special attention ,vas given to obtaining specimens from New South ,vales, the type locality of most species of the genus. With the material now available it has been possible to make a complete reYision of the genus Euastac1ts; this revision has resulted in several alterations in nomenclature, the reasons for which are explained below. The full synonymy of each species is included with its description, and the distribution (as for as is known) is indicated. Since difficulties arose in finding suitable maps of Victoria to illustrate the distribution, two special maps (Plates VIII and IX) were compiled from data on plans prepared by the State Rivers and "\VaterSupply Commission and maps issued by the Gcologieal Survey. N mIENCLATURE. Genus EUASTACUS Clark. Euastacus Clark, Mem. Nat. l\fos. Viet., x, 1936, p. 10. Carapace spinous or tuberculate; cervical groove deeply impressed, rounded. Rostral carinae spinous or tuberculate. Abdomen spinous or tuberculate; first segment with lateral lobes large and rounded.