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Facoltà Di Filosofia, Lettere, Scienze Umanistiche E Studi Orientali View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza UNIVERSITÀ “LA SAPIENZA” DI ROMA Facoltà di Filosofia, Lettere, Scienze Umanistiche e Studi Orientali Dipartimento di Storia, Culture, Religioni Anno accademico 2012-2013 STORIA MEDIEVALE E MODERNA Tesi di Dottorato IL GOVERNO DELLE MONACHE I pontefici ed i monasteri femminili francescani e domenicani (1417-1585) Tutors Prof.ssa Giulia Barone Prof.ssa Maria Antonietta Visceglia Dottoranda Silvia De Angelis Indice 1 Introduzione ................................................................................................................. 3 Parte Prima .................................................................................................................... 4 Le politiche papali, gli ordini religiosi francescano e domenicano e la riforma dei monasteri femminili ...................................................................................................... 4 Capitolo Primo ......................................................................................................... 5 Ordini e papato tra Martino V e l’inizio della Controriforma .................................. 5 Riforme monastiche e consolidamento dello Stato tra Martino V e Niccolò V (1417-1455) .......................................................................................................... 6 L’avanzata dell’Osservanza da Callisto III a Innocenzo VIII .............................. 6 (1455-1492) .......................................................................................................... 6 Da Alessandro VI a Clemente VII (1492-1534): .................................................. 7 la vittoria dell’Osservanza, tra accentramento e riforma ..................................... 7 La nuova alleanza tra papato e Ordini mendicanti agli albori della Controriforma ....................................................................................................... 8 Capitolo Secondo ..................................................................................................... 9 La cura delle monache: alcune riforme della vita monastica femminile portate avanti all’interno degli Ordini ................................................................................... 9 L’Osservanza francescana, i monasteri femminili e la clausura ........................... 9 La riforma delle monache domenicane negli atti della Congregazione Lombarda .............................................................................................................................. 9 La riforma delle monache francescane nei registri del Ministro Generale Francesco Sansone da Brescia (1475-1499) e nei Capitoli conventuali ............... 9 Capitolo Terzo ......................................................................................................... 11 Il governo delle monache tra riforma religiosa e consolidamento dei poteri centrali ................................................................................................................................. 11 2 Pontefici e monache: alcune linee di intervento papale ..................................... 11 Monasteri e territorio: pontefici, stati, osservanze e la riforma delle monache . 12 L’avanzata dell’Osservanza tra Martino V e Clemente VII ................................ 13 La riforma delle monache nei decreti del Concilio di Trento ............................. 27 L’imposizione della clausura: la riforma delle monache sotto Pio V e Gregorio XIII (1566-1585) ................................................................................................. 30 Da terziarie a monache: il caso delle terziarie domenicane e francescane a Roma ............................................................................................................................ 31 Parte Seconda .............................................................................................................. 33 Monasteri, politica e fazioni nobiliari a Roma ............................................................ 33 Capitolo Primo ....................................................................................................... 34 “Quanto più fugirete il mondo, tanto più ve verrà dietro”. Politica e fazioni nel monastero di S. Silvestro in Capite ......................................................................... 34 “Uno disegno per uno tabernacolo di marmo per mettervi la testa di Santo Giovani Batista, ne la chiesa de le monache di Santo Silvestro”. Piero Soderini e il tabernacolo di S. Silvestro in Capite (1518-1522) .......................................... 35 “Per aver la parte colonnese”. Leone X, i Colonna ed il restauro della chiesa di S. Silvestro in Capite .......................................................................................... 35 “Li porti alla badessa di S. Silvestro per elemosina”. La fazione colonnese, i fuoriusciti fiorentini ed il monastero di S. Silvestro .......................................... 36 “Riformar dove si trovano tanti disgusti”. La riforma di S. Silvestro in Capite (1568-70) ............................................................................................................ 36 Capitolo Secondo ................................................................................................... 37 “Et quel che voleva la badessa si faceva”. Il governo delle badesse a S. Cosimato ................................................................................................................................ 37 “Si serviva in reformar li monasterii di questa sancta donna”. La riforma osservante di S. Cosimato .................................................................................. 37 “Avvezza a regere et governare”. Il governo delle Orsini a S. Cosimato ........... 37 Capitolo Terzo ......................................................................................................... 39 “Fecero gran frutto di santità in San Lorenzo”. S. Lorenzo in Panisperna dalle origini alla Controriforma .............................................................................. 39 “Volse che il monastero fusse riedificato et habitato dalle monache dell’Osservanza”. La riforma di S. Lorenzo in Panisperna (1517) .................... 39 “Confutar l’heresia con l’essempio dei santi”. S. Lorenzo in Panisperna e gli 3 ideali della Controriforma romana ..................................................................... 40 Capitolo Quarto ....................................................................................................... 41 “Un monasterio che sua santità fa fabricare nel suo palazzo”. Paolo IV e la fondazione del monastero dell’Annunziata di Roma (1555-1560) ......................... 41 “La signora fuggì, e il monastero fu pieno di gente armata”. La breve parabola del monastero della SS. Annunziata (1555-1560) ................................ 41 “Vi commando che voi deviate osservare le costituzioni dell’ordine vostro, nella debita clausura”: Paolo IV e la riforma delle monache ...................................... 41 “E’ questo luogo molto a proposito pel Collegio nostro”. Pietà e patronage di Vittoria della Tolfa ........................................................................ 41 Capitolo Quinto ....................................................................................................... 43 “Erano da tutta la città di Roma riverite et ammirate”. Famiglie, nobiltà, fazioni nel monastero di S. Sisto ......................................................................................... 43 “Non si riceva per monacha donna alcuna che non sia romana”. Il monastero di S. Sisto e la città di Roma ............................................................. 43 “La Sapienza si è costruita la casa, ha tagliato sette colonne” I Colonna e la consorteria colonnese a S. Sisto ..................................................... 43 Gruppi politico-fazionari a S. Sisto .................................................................... 44 Capitolo Sesto ......................................................................................................... 47 La politica delle riforme a S. Sisto ......................................................................... 47 Le origini della riforma di S. Sisto durante il pontificato di Eugenio IV .......... 47 “Andò ravvivando il rigore della Povertà”. Una riforma dimenticata: il trasferimento delle monache di S. Lucia di Pistoia (1497) ................................. 48 “Erano divenute frequenti le visite per detta Signiora”. Alessandro VI e la permanenza di Lucrezia Borgia a S. Sisto ...................................................... 48 S. Sisto ed il passaggio alla Congregazione Lombarda tra religiosità e politica ............................................................................................................................ 48 “Supplicarono volesse loro concedere il poter fare un nuovo monastero” Il trasferimento e la fondazione del monastero di SS. Domenico e Sisto ............. 50 Capitolo Settimo ..................................................................................................... 51 Un monastero savonaroliano nella Roma della Controriforma. Maddalena Orsini e la fondazione di S. Maria Maddalena al Quirinale ................................................. 51 Maddalena Orsini, figlia di Camillo Orsini di Lamentana ................................ 51 La fondazione di
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