Kwakwaka'wakw Storytelling: Preserving Ancient Legends
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Creating a Sense of Belonging for Indigenous Students in British Columbia?
CREATING A SENSE OF BELONGING FOR INDIGENOUS STUDENTS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA? by Colleen Edith Larson B.Ed., The University of British Columbia, 1976 M.A., Simon Fraser University, 1993 A THESIS SUBMITED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQURIEMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Interdisciplinary Studies) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Okanagan) May 2017 © Colleen Edith Larson, 2017 ii Supervisory Committee The undersigned certify that they have read, and recommend to the College of Graduate Studies for acceptance, a thesis entitled: Creating a Sense of Belonging for Indigenous Students in British Columbia? Submitted by Colleen Edith Larson in partial fulfillment of the requirements of The degree of Doctor of Philosophy Dr. Christine Schreyer, Irving K. Barber School of Arts Sciences Supervisor, Associate Professor Dr. Margo Tamez, Irving K. Barber School of Arts Sciences Supervisory Committee Member, Assistant Professor Dr. Sabre Cherkowski, Faculty of Education Supervisory Committee Member, Associate Professor Dr. Daisy Rosenblum, Department of Anthropology, UBC Vancouver University Examiner, Assistant Professor Dr. Evelyn Steinhauer, Facutly of Education, University of Alberta University Examiner, Associate Professor April 28, 2017 (Date submitted to Grad Studies) iii Abstract This dissertation tells the story of partnership between myself, a doctoral student at UBC Okanagan, the Taku River Tlingit First Nation (TRTFN) and School District 87 (Stikine). Although the research is a partial fulfillment for my doctoral degree, I have attempted to emphasize the partnership aspects of the process throughout the writing of this document. I have been challenged to find ways to word sentences without using the phrase, my research. -
Spirits of Our Whaling Ancestors
Spirits of Our Whaling Ancestors SpiritS of our Whaling anceStorS Revitalizing Makah and Nuu-chah-nulth Traditions charlotte coté Foreword by MiCah MCCarty A Capell Family Book University of Washington Press Seattle & London UBC Press Vancouver & Toronto the CaPell faMily endoWed Book Fund supports the publication of books that deepen the understanding of social justice through historical, cultural, and environmental studies. Preference is given to books about the American West and to outstanding first books in order to foster scholarly careers. © 2010 by the University of Washington Press Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publica- Printed in the United States of America tion Data and Library and Archives Canada Design by Thomas Eykemans Cataloging in Publication can be found at the 15 14 13 12 11 10 5 4 3 2 1 end of the book. All rights reserved. No part of this publica- The paper used in this publication is acid-free tion may be reproduced or transmitted in and 90 percent recycled from at least 50 per- any form or by any means, electronic or cent post-consumer waste. It meets the mini- mechanical, including photocopy, record- mum requirements of American National ing, or any information storage or retrieval Standard for Information Sciences—Perma- system, without permission in writing from nence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, the publisher. ANSI Z39.48–1984.∞ Published in the United States of America by frontisPieCe: Whaler photograph by University of Washington Press Edward S. Curtis; Courtesy Royal British P.o. Box 50096, Seattle, Wa 98145 U.s.a. Columbia Museum, Victoria. www.washington.edu/uwpress Published in Canada by UBC Press University of British Columbia 2029 West Mall, Vancouver, B.C. -
An Examination of Nuu-Chah-Nulth Culture History
SINCE KWATYAT LIVED ON EARTH: AN EXAMINATION OF NUU-CHAH-NULTH CULTURE HISTORY Alan D. McMillan B.A., University of Saskatchewan M.A., University of British Columbia THESIS SUBMI'ITED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of Archaeology O Alan D. McMillan SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY January 1996 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: Alan D. McMillan Degree Doctor of Philosophy Title of Thesis Since Kwatyat Lived on Earth: An Examination of Nuu-chah-nulth Culture History Examining Committe: Chair: J. Nance Roy L. Carlson Senior Supervisor Philip M. Hobler David V. Burley Internal External Examiner Madonna L. Moss Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon External Examiner Date Approved: krb,,,) 1s lwb PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. -
Tlingit Phonology in a Generative Framework
TLINGIT PHONOLOGY IN A GENERATIVE FRAMEWORK: AN EXAMINATION OF PHONOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND ABSTRACT REPRESENTATION by GAELAN^/de WOLF B.A., University of British Columbia, 1971 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS In THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department of Linguistics We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA August, 1977 GAELAN de WOLF, 1977 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Gaelan de Wolf Department of T.-mpn-i «t-i rs The University of British Columbia 2075 Wesbrook Place Vancouver, Canada V6T 1W5 Date /V? /ff? - ii - ABSTRACT The Saussurean Paradox described by Labov (1971), in which "the social aspect of language can be studied by the theorist asking himself questions, while the individual aspect can only be studied by a social survey", apparently mirrors a predicament occurring in the structuralist and generative models of linguistics. For, while descriptive and structuralist linguistic models seek to mirror the reality of particular languages, a generative model of linguistics, in a search for universals, attempts to discover the underlying reality of all languages. -
INUVIALUIT LANGUAGE and IDENTITY: PERSPECTIVES on the SYMBOLIC MEANING of INUVIALUKTUN in the CANADIAN WESTERN ARCTIC by Alexand
INUVIALUIT LANGUAGE AND IDENTITY: PERSPECTIVES ON THE SYMBOLIC MEANING OF INUVIALUKTUN IN THE CANADIAN WESTERN ARCTIC by Alexander C. Oehler B.A., University of Northern British Columbia, 2010 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA July 2012 © Alexander C. Oehler, 2012 Abstract: The revitalization of ancestral languages has been an issue of great concern to Aboriginal communities across North America for several decades. More recently, this concern has also found a voice in educational policy, particularly in regions where Aboriginal land claims have been ratified, and where public schools fall under a mandate to offer curricula that meet the needs of Aboriginal students. This research seeks to explore the cultural significance of Inuvialuktun, a regional Inuit language comprised of three distinct dialects traditionally spoken by the Inuvialuit of the northern Northwest Territories, Canada. More specifically, the research seeks to examine the role of current Inuvialuktun language revitalization efforts in the establishment of Inuvialuit collective and individual identities across several age groups. Tying into the sociolinguistic discourse on ancestral language revitalization in North America, the research seeks to contribute a case study from a region underrepresented in the literature on language and identity. The applied aim of the study is to provide better insight on existing language ideologies and language attitudes subscribed to by current and potential learners of Inuvialuktun in the community of Inuvik, NWT. Data obtained by the study is intended to aid local and territorial language planners in identifying potential obstacles and opportunities regarding language learner motivation. -
In a Southern Wakashan Language
INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. -
A Basic Introduction to Pluractionals: Lasersohn (1995: Chapter 13)
Seth Cable Topics in Semantics Spring 2012 Ling 753 A Basic Introduction to Pluractionals: Lasersohn (1995: Chapter 13) 1. Pluractionals, The Basic Facts In many languages of the world – and especially in those of West Africa, Americas, South Asia – there is a verbal suffix with the following characteristics. (1) Typical Properties of Pluractionals a. It’s a ‘derivational’ morpheme • It doesn’t always combine with every V; has other combinatory ‘quirks’ • Its semantic contribution isn’t always 100% productive/transparent b. It’s usually reduplicative in form. c. It contributes the notion that the sentence in some way describes a ‘multitude’ of events. (2) Various Names for these Morphemes • ‘Distributive’ (Americanist tradition, following Boas) • ‘Verbal Plurality (Cusic 1981) • Pluractional (Newman 1980, Blevins & Levin 1986, Lasersohn 1995) (3) Some Choice Quotes Hinting At the ‘Multitude of Events’ Meaning a. Barker (1964), on Klamath: The semantic content of {re} is distributive action. This may involve action by a single actor upon distributive objects, action by a single actor distributively upon a single object over a period of time, action by distributive actors upon a single object, action by distributive actors each upon his own object… b. Broadbent (1964) on Sierra Miwok: This suffix as an iterative meaning. The iteration [in one class of examples] appears to refer to the plurality of the object. The iteration here [in one class of examples] appears to refer to repeated action on a single object… A third iterative meaning for this suffix refers to multiplicity of locations for the action… c. Winfield (1928) on Kui: Special forms of the verb are sometimes used to express the following modes of plural action: one person doing a number of things, one person doing one thing many times, more than one person doing a number of things, more than one person doing one thing many times. -
ALGONQUIAN TRADE LANGUAGES Richard Rhodes Eastern Ojibwa
1 ALGONQUIAN TRADE LANGUAGES Richard Rhodes Eastern Ojibwa Dictionary Project University of Michigan In this paper,1 I will turn from my more usual concerns of linguis tic analysis to a question of language use—a question of perhaps broader interest to the current audience since the implications of this paper touch on the domains of anthropology and ethnohistory as well as on linguistics. I will develop the hypothesis that intertribal contact among Algonquians in the Great Lakes area was mediated via trade languages or koines rather than through interpreters or by some other means.2 By the term trade language I mean a language customarily used for communication between speakers of different languages, even though it may be that neither speaker has the trade language as his dominant language. Some familiar examples include Greek, which in Roman times was the trade langauge of the Medi terranean, and Latin, which was the trade language of Europe. More recently Portuguese, French, and English have served as trade lan guages in various parts of Africa and Asia. Other well-known non- Indo-European trade languages include Swahili in East Africa and Fulani in West Africa, and one could argue that Modern Standard Arabic and Mandarin Chinese constitute trade languages in their respective parts of the world. It is characteristic of trade languages that there is a relatively high degree of bilingualism involving the trade language. As we will see later, this fact lends significant support to our position on Algonqui an trade languages. The hypothesis that certain midwestern Algonquian languages and dialects once served as trade languages arose out of an incongruity in my field work that has bothered me for a number of years, namely that most of the speakers of Ottawa that I have been working with are descendants not of Ottawas, but of Potawatomis and Chippewas, i.e. -
Agentive and Patientive Verb Bases in North Alaskan Inupiaq
AGENTTVE AND PATIENTIVE VERB BASES IN NORTH ALASKAN INUPIAQ A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska Fairbanks in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By TadatakaNagai, B.Litt, M.Litt. Fairbanks, Alaska May 2006 © 2006 Tadataka Nagai Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 3229741 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ® UMI UMI Microform 3229741 Copyright 2006 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. AGENTIVE AND PATIENTIYE VERB BASES IN NORTH ALASKAN INUPIAQ By TadatakaNagai ^ /Z / / RECOMMENDED: -4-/—/£ £ ■ / A l y f l A £ y f 1- -A ;cy/TrlHX ,-v /| /> ?AL C l *- Advisory Committee Chair Chair, Linguistics Program APPROVED: A a r// '7, 7-ooG Date Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. iii Abstract This dissertation is concerned with North Alaskan Inupiaq Eskimo. -
Ditidaht Community Plan Working Document August 18, 2017
Ditidaht Community Plan Working Document August 18, 2017 Ditidaht Community Plan Our Vision sees a Healthy sustainable community where our families are well educated in our history and culture. Through Unity, strong leadership, and based on Traditional Teachings, Values and Practice we provide good housing, employment and opportunities for all. Based on Respect for our Territory, we develop our natural resources on land and sea for the benefit of many generations to come. This Vision Statement was updated at the Community Engagement Meetings in 2014 by Ditidaht members. We have retained this Vision as the foundation of the Ditidaht Community Plan. The goal of this Plan is to define work towards achieving this Vision. Note This Ditidaht Community Plan should not be interpreted as a final or complete statement on Ditidaht rights and title. This is intended to be a working document that will continue to evolve and be updated over time. Minor edits for clarity, March 28, 2018 i Acknowledgements This Ditidaht Community Plan was created by members of the Ditidaht First Nation with the assistance of the Planning Team and everyone who provided input into the Plan. Everyone worked hard to make this a comprehensive document that acknowledges the past, understands the present, and looks to the future for our community. It could not have been done without membership’s ideas and support. Paul Sieber worked especially hard over the 3 years of the Plan to bring it to reality. by Bobby Durocher The design is a Thunderbird with its wings wrapped around the earth. On each wing represents the two sides of treaty negotiations ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... -
The Pennsylvania State University the Graduate School College Of
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of Education A COMPARATIVE SOCIO-HISTORICAL CONTENT ANALYSIS OF TREATIES AND CURRENT AMERICAN INDIAN EDUCATION LEGISLATION WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STATE OF MICHIGAN A Thesis in Educational Leadership by Martin J. Reinhardt ©2004 Martin J. Reinhardt Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December, 2004 ii The thesis of Martin J. Reinhardt has been reviewed and approved by the following: John W. Tippeconnic III Professor of Education Thesis Advisor Chair of Committee William L. Boyd Batschelet Chair Professor of Education Susan C. Faircloth Assistant Professor of Education Edgar I. Farmer Professor of Education Nona A. Prestine Professor of Education In Charge of Graduate Programs in Educational Leadership *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School. iii ABSTRACT This study is focused on the relationship between two historical policy era of American Indian education--the Constitutional/Treaty Provisions Era and the Self- Determination/Revitalization Era. The primary purpose of this study is the clarification of what extent treaty educational obligations may be met by current federal K-12 American Indian education legislation. An historical overview of American Indian education policy is provided to inform the subsequent discussion of the results of a content analysis of sixteen treaties entered into between the United States and the Anishinaabe Three Fires Confederacy, and three pieces of federal Indian education legislation-the Indian Education Act (IEA), the Indian Self-Determination & Education Assistance Act (ISDEA), and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures …………………………………………………………………...... vii Acknowledgements………………………………………………………… ......... -
1 the Phonology of Wakashan Languages Adam Werle University
1 The Phonology of Wakashan Languages Adam Werle University of Victoria, March 2010 Abstract This article offers an overview of the phonological typology and analysis of the Wakashan languages, namely Haisla, Heiltsukvla (Heiltsuk, Bella Bella), Oowekyala, Kwak’wala (Kwakiutl), Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka), Ditidaht (Nitinaht), and Makah. Like other languages of the Northwest Coast of North America, these have many consonants, including several laterals, front and back dorsals, few labials, contrastive glottalization and lip rounding, and a glottal stop with similar distribution to other consonants. Consonant-vowel sequences are characterized by large obstruent clusters, and no hiatus. Of theoretical interest at the segmental level are consonant mutations, positional neutralizations of laryngeal features, vowel-glide alternations, glottalized vowels and glottalized voiced plosives, and historical loss of nasal consonants. Also addressed here are aspects of these languages’ rich prosodic morphology, such as patterns of reduplication and templatic stem modifications, the distribution of Northern Wakashan schwa, alternations in Southern Wakashan vowel length and presence, and the syllabification of all-obstruent words. 1. Introduction The Wakashan language are spoken in what are now British Columbia, Canada, and Washington State, USA. The family comprises a northern branch—Haisla, Heiltsukvla, Oowekyala, and Kwa kwala—and̓ a southern branch—Nuu-chah-nulth, Ditidaht, and Makah— that diverge significantly from each other, but are internally very similar. They are endangered, being spoken natively by about 350 people, out of ethnic populations of about 23,000 whose main language is English. At the same time, most are undergoing active revitalization, with about 1,000 semi-speakers and learners ( First Peoples’ Language Map ).