UNITED NATIONS S

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Security Council Di0t.r. QENERAL

S/ 19927 31 May 19R8

ORIUINAL: ENGLI SK

REPORT BY THE SECRETARY-GENERAL c)N THE OPBRATLOCJ IN

(for the period 1 December 1987-31 May 19~8)

CONTENTS

Pam

INTRODUCTION ...... l-2 2

1. MANDATE MD COMPOSITION OF UNFICYP ...... 3 - 7 2

II. RELATIONS WITH THC PARTIES ...... 8 - 9 4

III. FUNCTIONS OF UNFICYP ...... 10 - 48 4

A. Maintenance of the caase-fire ...... 10 - 20 4

8. Maintenance of the U&t&g&~ ...... 21 - 30 7

C. Restoration of normal condition8 ...... 31 - 36 8

D. Hwwnitarian functions ...... 37 - 40 9

IV. FINANCIAL ASPECTS ...... 49 - 51 11

V. GOOD OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ...... 52 - 55 12

VI. OBSERVATIONS ...... 56 - 62 13

& DEPLOYMENT OF IJNFICYP, May 1988

88-15090 0301a (E) / . . . 5119927 English PACJt3 i

INTRODUCTION

1. The present report on the United Nation6 operation in Cyprus cover6 development6 from 1 December 1987 to 31 May 1988 and brings up to date the record of activities of the Unitsd Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) pursuant to the mandate laid down in Security Council resolution 186 (1964) of 4 March 1964 and subsequent resolutions of the Council concerning Cyprus, including, most recently, resolution 604 (1987) of 14 December 1987.

2. In the last-mentioned resolution, the Security Council called upon all the parties concerned to continue to co-operate with UNFlCYP on the basis of the present mandate. It also requested the Secretaty-General to continue his mission of good offices. to keep the Security Council informed of the progress made and to submit a report on the implementation of the reso.ution by 31 Hay 1988.

I. MANDATE AND COMPOSITION OF UNFICYP

3. The function of UNFICYP was originally defined by the Security Council in it6 resolution 186 (1964) of 4 March 1964 in the following terms:

"In the interest of preserving international peace and security, to use its best efforts to prevent a recurrence of fighting and, as necessary, to contribute to the maintenance and restoration of law and order and a return to normal conditions.”

That mandate, which was conceived in the context of the confrontation between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities and between the Cyprrls Government h‘ationnl Guard and the Turkish Cypriot fighters, has been rzpcsttdly reaffirmed by the Council, most recently in it6 resolution 604 (1987). In conqectinn with the events that have occurred since 15 , the Council has adopted a number of resolutions, some of which have nffected the functioning of UNFICYP and, in some CAS86, have required the Force to perform certain additional or modified fuQCtiOQ6 relating, in particular, to the maintenance of the cease-fire (see S/14275, para. 7, note).

4. The table below showfi the establishment of UNFICYP a6 at 31 May 1988:

Milibarr QerRQnPel

Austria HO UNFICYF 5 Infantry battalioll, UNAB 396 Military police company 9 410

Canada HQ UNFICYP 7 HGCANCON 5 3rd Battalion of Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry 538 Signal squadron 14 Military police company 11 575

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Denmark HQ URFICYP 5 Infantry battalion, DANCON 48 323 Military police company 341

Finland HQ UNFICYP 6 Military police company - . 4 10

Ireland HQ UNFICYP 6 Military police company --2 8

Sweden HQ UNFICYP 4 Military police company .-- -2 7

United Kingdom of HQ UNFICYP 27 Great Britain and HQ BRITCa 5 Northern Ireland Force scout car squadron, A Squadron, The Life Guards 109 1st Battalion. The King'6 Own Royal Border Regiment 320 HQ UNFICYP support regiment 44 Engineer detachment 8 Signal squadron 53 Army aviation flight 18 Transport squadron 102 Medical centre 5 Ordnance detachment 12 Workshop6 29 Military police company -9 --L!u TOTAL 2 092

Australia 20

Sweden 1s -35 TOTAL, UNFICYP 2 227

5. The reorganieation of the United Nation6 Civilian Police (UNCIVPOL) referred to in my last report (see 5119304. para. 6) was completed on 15 January 1988. The Australian and Swedish civilian police element6 are now operating under a unified command structure. The UNCIVPOL headquarters, lacated at UNFXCYP headquarters in the (Jnited Nation6 protected area. commands and co-ordinates the activities of the five JJNCIVPOL stations deployed in or near the JJnited Nations buffer zone. In addition to ensuring better use of the 6carce civilian police resources, this reorganization i6 intendbd to enhance the police oupport given to the civilian population.

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6. Two members of the Force died of natural caudes during the period under review. The total number of deaths in UNFICYP since the inception of the Force in 1964 is 143.

7. The Force remains under the command of Mnjor-General Giinther 0. Greindl.

II. RELATIONS WITH THE PARTIES

8. UNFICYP has continued to emphasixe the essential requirement of full liaison and co-operation at all levels to enable it to carry out it6 role effectively. In this co6nection. UNPICYP has initiated a review of communications with both sides, in order to improve the ability of local commanders to maintain contact and arrange meetings for the resolution of problems.

9. UNFICYP has continued to enjoy freedom of movement in the southern part of the island, except for military rertrictsd areas. As for the northern part, UNPICYP was informed on 18 April 1988 that persons visiting members of ths Force, who had previously been able to croes to that part of the island in accordance with the guidelines establishad in 1983 (see S/15812, para. la), would henceforth be able to do so only if they complied with new procedures introduced for tourists (see para. 26 below), After representations by UNFICYP, the Turkish Cypriot authorities indicated their readiness to reinstate the previously accsptsd guidelines. However, it became apparent that there remained a difference of interpretation in respect of the use of the IJNFICYP visitor’s permit. Efforts are continuing to r8StOre th8 &ttiuS.

III. FUNCTIONS OF UNFICYP

10. The cease-fire lines extend approximately 160 kilometres from the enclava and ltato Pyrgos on the north-west coast to the sast coast south of Famagusta in the area of Dherinia. The area between the lines is known a6 the United Nations buffer zond. Its width varies from 20 metres to 7 kilOmOtr8s, and it cov8r6 about 3 per cent of the island, including some of the mo6t valuable agricultural land in Cyprus.

11. The United Nations buffer zone is kept under constant surveillance by UNFICYP through a system of 142 observation posts, 55 of which are permanently mannsd at the present time. In addition, mobile and standing patrols are employed to provide increased presence in sensitive ar8as. High-powered binoculars and night-vision devices are used to monitor the cease-fire lines on a continuous basis.

12. The IJNFICYP patrol and communications t r-ark, which runs the 1engt.h of the buffer zone, is used to monitor the cease- fire lines and to resupply observation posts, and enables the Force to react promptly to any incident. engineer units continue to maintain the track in operational condition.

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13. During the period under review, the number of cease-fire violations remained at a low level. The number of temporary moves forward increaeed slightly, while the number of attempts by both sides to construct new fortifications and to improve existing positions remained at the same level. UNFICYP continued to bo successful in reetoring the ntotuLQlrn. New civilian construction projects close to the lines in Nfcoisia continued to be of concern to the respective aides. UNFICYP monitors these projects and uses its good offices to confirm the civilian nature of the construction and thus alleviate the two sides’ concarn.

14. In , the troops of both sides continue to be in dangerous proximity to each other. UNFICYP remains greatly concerned by this situation since a significant number of cease-fire violations and other related incidents have occurred in that area. UNFICYP continues its efforts to reduce tension at the most dangerous points in Nicosia.

15. Crossings of the maritime security line, established by UNFICYP as a practical arrangement for security purpooes (see S/17657, para. 19). by fishing and pleasure boats from the southern part of the island continued to occur. UNFICYP again made representations to the appropriate Cyprus government agencies in order to eecure their assiotance in preventing any dangerous incidents that might have resulted from such crossings. All crossings were also protested by UNFLCYP to those concerned.

16. A number of shooting incidents occurred during the reporting period. On eight occasions, the Turkish forces fired warning shots at alleged intruders in tha United Nations buffer none. All these incidents were proteoted by UNFICYP. On six occasions UNFICYP was unable to confirm the presence of unauthoriaed persons. In one instance two warning shots were fired Jt a group of individuals engaged in a farming activity authoriaed by UNFICYP.

17. On the eighth occasion, on 3 March 1966, two Graek Cypriot civilians entered the United Nations buffer sons in a private vehicle without authorisation. When they reached a point on the UNFICYP cosnnunications track that was cloee to the Turkish forces’ cease-fire line they were approached by Turkish soldiers who fired two warning shots. One of the Greek Cypriot civilians escaped, but the other one was apprehended ir. the buffer sone by the Turkish forces and taken to the Turkish Cypriot-controlled area. UNFICYP sol ,rs from e nearby observation post intervened immediately and demanded tl. return of the individual since Turkish forces had crossed their cease-fire line. The Turkish forces refused to comply, stating that the vehicle had come within hand-grenade-throwing distance of their forward positions, thur creating a potential threat which required them to take action. After urgent measures taken at local level failed to obtain the release of the individual, numerous meetings took place between UNFICYP and the Turkish forces and Turkish Cypriot authorities. The individual concerned was finally released on 16 March 1988. As a result of this incident, the Force Commander raised with the Commander of the Turkish Forces in Cyprus t.he handling of uneuthorize?d pc?~ sons who approach the Turkish forces cease-fire line and it was decided to review procedures in order to prevent the recurrence of such incidents.

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18. A very serious shooting incident occurred in‘the buffer zone near Pyla on 21 May 1988, resulting in the death of a Turkish Cypriot civilian and the serious wounding of an officer of the Austrian contingent. Shortly afterwards an Austrian soldier, on guard duty at the headquarters of the Austrian contingent near Famagusta, was injured by shots fired from a passing car. These incidents are currently the subject of a joint UNFICYP and Turkish Cypriot police investigation and of an independent board of inquiry, appointed by the Secretary-General, whose work has not yet been completed.

13. A further incident occurred on 28 May 1988 when an armed Turkish forces soldier who had been missing from his unit entered a house occupied by a Greek Cypriot couple and their child in the town of Athienou , which is in a disputed area of the United Nations buffer zone. The couple managed to escape and alerted some UNFICYP soldiers at their living quarters nearby. In the meantime, two soldiers from an adjacent Greek Cypriot post approached the house. The Turkish forces soldier opened fire, killing one and seriously wounding the other. Shortly thereafter UNFICYP soldiers arrived on the scene and, as they were about to deploy, a few shots were fired from inside tbe house. More National Guard soldiers appeared and took up positions around the house. The child was then released by the Turkish forces soldier. At this stage, UNFICYP personnel made unsuccessful attempts to persuade the soldier to give himself up to the United Nations. The local UNFICYP commander was however requested by the National Guard commander on the spot to withdraw the UNFICYP soldiers on the grounds that the incident was the responsibility of the in Athienou which, according to the Cyprus Government, lies in the area under its control. UNFICTP protested, arguing that the involvement of the National Guard constituted a violation of the status auo in the area. This protest was reiterated to the Cyprus government authorities by the Force Commander. They, however, insisted that it was their responsibility to deal with the incident as a police matter. The Force Commander flew to Athienou in an attempt to resolve the matter by negotiation. In the meantime, and following effort6 by the Greek Cypriot police to persuade the Turkish soldier to surrender, a special squad of the Cyprus police forcibly entered the hOUSe, an action which resulted in the death of the Turkish soldier. Inmediately after the incident, the commander of the Turkish force6 complained to the Force Cormnander that UNFICYP personnel should have immediately provided information about the incident to the Turkish forces. This complaint is being investigated with a view to determining the reasons for the apparent breakdown of comnu~ications at the local level and any necessary action will be taken, Since the incident the Greek Cypriot authorities have retained the special Squad of the Cyprus police in Athienou. This has been the subject of repeated protests by UNFICYP, which is making every effort to restore the utus ~UQ in the area and to defuse the situation.

20. During the period under review, overflights of the United Nation6 buffer zone diminished substantially. There was only one incident involving a civilian aircraft from the northern part of the island. There were three overflights by civilian aircraft coming from the southern part of the island and National Guard helicopters accounted for two incidents. All overflights were protested. s/19927 English Page 7

21. During the period under review, UNFICYP ha6 cont!nued to monitor by overt mean6 the military forces of both sides. There has been no significant change in UNFICYP’o estimate of the number of Turkish soldiers in Cyprus. The Turkish fOrCO’6 tank replacement programme is now complete but, aa I reported previously, most of the tanks that were to have been withdrawn are still on the island. The Force Conmnander ha6 raised this matter with the commander of the Turkish force6 ifi Cyprus.

22. While there has been no apparent increase in the manpower of the National Guard, its modernisation programmr’ ha6 continued with the acquisition of some new armoured vehicles, a few anti-tank helicopter6 and a limited air-defence capability. Following the eeriour, incident described in paragraph 19 above, the Greek Cypriot press carried reports that the Cyprus Government had decided to eetabiish COmpUl6Ory militia6 in sensitive areas, including the Athienou area. The Force Commander has Sought urgent clarification about the60 reports.

23. The Turkish Cypriot flag at the Turkish Cypriot military poeition overlooking the village of Pyla, to which I referred in my last report (see S/19304, para. 22), continue6 to be flown at frequent intervals despite regular protests by UNPICYP.

24. During the reporting period, there ha6 been no change in the situation in Varosha where student6 continue to be accommodated in two hotels inside the fenced ar8a. It has not yet proved possible to obtain a date for the departure of the etlrdents (see S/19304, para. 23).

25. The presence Of settlers from Turkey in the northern part of the island continues to be a matter of great concern to the Government of Cyprus. The Turkish Government and the Turkish Cypriot side, for their part, have not changed their position in this regard (see S/19304, para. 24). In view of the sensitivity of the iosue and its possible bearing on future negotiation6, I reiterate the concern I have expressed in previous reports and again urge that nothing be done to change the demographic composition of the island.

26. A serious threat to the statusup resulted from a decision in mid-April by the Turkish Cypriot authorities to change existing practice for the control of pertron passing between the northern and southern parts of the island through the Ledra Palace crossing point. The new practice involved a requirement that certain categories Of Cypriot6 and foreign nationals should present paSSpOrt for stamping. The Government of Cyprus protested that this new practice, which purported to establish at the crossing point procedureo appropriate to an international frontier, was clearly contrary to Security Council resolution 541 (1983). I Shared this asse6Sment and accordingly took the matter up with Hi6 Excellency Mr. Denktay, urging him to restore the &t&U QUO without delay.

27. During the reporting period, the Government of Cyprus again complained to the United Nation6 about the desecration of churches located in the northern pert of the island and provided photographs of two sites specifically referred to, namely the church of St. Charalsmbous and the cemetery of the village of Kontea. Simildr

/ . . . s/19927 Engl ieh Page 8 complaints were made with reopect to the church of Antifonitie near the village of St. Amvroeioe of Ryrenia and two cemeteries in Morphou. On my inetructione, UNFICYP took up these ca8ee with the Turkish Cypriot side, which repeated the views set out in my last report to the Council (S/19304, para. 25). I continue to attach great importance to the preservation of the religious and cultural heritage of the island and consider it the roeponsibility of those concerned to ensure that no desecration or destruction takes place.

28. The Government of Cyprus has also protested again to the United Nations about the changing of place-names in the northern part of the island, which it viewe as an attempt to alter the demographic and cultural character of the area. Bearing in mind the resolution on national etandardisation adopted at the Third United Nations Conference on the Standardimation of Geographical Name6 (oee S/lSSBO, para. 33, note 1, these protest0 were taken up with the Turkish Cypriot side, which repeated its earlier stated position on thir matter (see 6119304, pars. 26). The Government of Cyprue hae reiterated that there changes of place-name8 are unacceptable and illegal.

29. During the period under review, the Government of Cypruc has alro protested to IJNFICYP the decision of the Turkirh Cypriot authorities to expropriate Greek Cypriot-owned imnovable property in the northern part of the inland and to transfer it to Turkish Cypriot individuale and organiaatione. In reriponee t.0 the rpecific complaints concerning property in the Ayrenia and Pamagusta diotricto, the Turkish Cypriot authoritieo restated their earlier position that, in accordance with procedures that have been in existence for some time, no actual tranofer of ownership had taken place (see S/18880, para. 341. As to complaint8 concerning distribution to individuals of properties listed a8 archaeological sites in the Famagueta area, UNFICYP watr assured by the Turkish Cypriot authorltier that the allegations were not correct and that the reported action had not taken place.

30. During the reporting period, the Government of Cyprus protented to the United Nations about the alleged intention of the Turkish forcer to requisition a number of Maronite-owned houses in the northern part of the island. UNFICYP looked into the matter and was assured that no euch action would be undertaken.

31. As part of its efforts to promote a return to normal conditions, UNFICYP has continued to facilitate economic and other civilian activities in the areas between and adjacent to the cease-fire lines. In particular, it has continued to encourage farming, which it monitors carefully. UNFICYP has received good co-operation from both sides in this regard.

32. During the period under review, efforts by UNFICYP and other United Nations agencies to promote normal contacts between and continued. Although DNFICYP was SUCC0GSfUl in some cases, much more could have been accomplished if the parties had been more forthcoming in facilitating such effortb.

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33. UNFICYP hns continued its efforts to ensure that the water distribution system is fairly and efficiently operated for the benefit of both conwnunities. As was reported previously, measures taken at the copper-processing plant at Skouriotissa (eee S/16858, parn. 35) have improved the quality of the water flowing to the northern part of the island and further corrective work by the mining company has encured continued improvement. VNFICYP visits this area regularly a6 part of its monitoring procedures and the Department of Water Development is advised of the results.

34. The anti-mosquito programme, which was arranged by UNFICYP after consultations with both parties, continues. The spraying, which began on 15 March 1986, is pragrersing satisfactc rily and is scheduled to end on 15 December 1988.

35. UNFICYP has continued to carry out the arrangements for the delivery of mail and Red Croro messages across the cease-fire lines.

36. IJNCIVPOL continues to work in close co-operation with the Cyprus Police and the Turkish Cypriot Police. UNCIVPOL contributes to the maintenance of law and order between the cease-fire lines and provides police services to civilian6 who reside in villages within that area. UNCIVPOL assists in controlling the movement of civilians in the area between the lines and escorts persons transferring from one side to the other. It is also available for criminal investigation tasks which have intercomnuns implications.

D. -

37. UNFICYP has continued to discharge humanitarian functions for the Greek Cypriots remaining in the northern part of the island, who now number 652. Of the two Greek Cypriot primary schools (see S/15149, para. 26), the school in Risokarpaso now has 28 pupils and the one in Ayia Trias has 10. UWFICYP officer6 have continued to interview, in private, Greek Cypriots who apply for permanent transfer to the southern part of the island, in order to verify that all transfers take place voluntarily. Fourteen such transfers took place during the reporting period. UNFICYP also facilitates temporary visits by Greek Cypriots to the l outhern part of the island, of which 452 took place during the reporting period. UNFICYP also dirtrlbuted 199 tons of foodstuffs and other related items provided by the Cyprus Government and the Cyprue Red Cross to Greek Cypriots living in the northern part of the island and UNCIVPGL continued to distribute social welfare and penrion benefits to them.

36. During the reporting period there were a number of incidents at the tedra Palace croreing point resulting from the insistence by the Turkish Cypriot authorities that Greek Cypriots making temporary visits to the northern part of the island for humanitarian reasons complete entry forms. One of these incidents took place on 20 December 1987 when members of the family of a deceased 94-year-vld Greek Cypriot wished to accompany the body to Rizokarpaso for burial. The family members concerned were r?enied permission to proceed to the northern part of the island unless they completed the entry forms, which the)- refused to do. UNFICYP eventually transported the body to Rizokarpaso for burial. On 24 December 1987 the

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Turkish Cypriot authorities insisted that 24 Greek Cypriot children who wished to spend Christmas with relative6 living in the northern pact of the island could not cross over unless they completed entry forma. Intensive efforts by UNFICYP to have this requirement waived were not successful. The children eventually decided to comply with the Turkish Cypriot demand. A similar situation arose on 1 April 1988 when 27 Greek Cypriot children applied to visit the northern part of the island for the Easter holiday6 and were again obliged to complete the entry form6.

39. UNCIVPOL continued to distribute pension payments to Turkish Cypriots resident in the northern part of the island who were formerly employed by the Government of Cyprus.

40. UNFICYP continued to make periodic visits to Turkish Cypriots living in the southern part of the island. It also helped them to maintain contact with their relatives in the northern part of the island and 15 reunions, involving 90 persons, were arranged at the Ledra Palace Hotel with the co-operation of the Cyprus government authoritiee.

41. The number of Maronitsa living in the northern part of the ieland is now 288. UNFICYP continued to assist in arranging contacts between Maronites li,vfng on opposite sides of the cease-fire lines and such contact6 took place frequently.

42. UNFICYP has continued to provide emergency medical services, including medical evacuation, to civilian6 of both the Greek Cypriot and the Turkish Cypriot communities. It escorted Turkish Cypriots to hospitals in the southern part of the i:‘land and regularly delivered medicines to the Turkish Cypriot community.

43. The United Nationa High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has continued, at the request of the Secretary-General, to act as the channel for United Nations humanitarian assistance to displaced and needy persons in Cypruc. Fourteen of the project6 undertaken under the 1987 programe have been completed end those proj cts which were not completed were e6tended into 1988. In addition, three pro jacts established in years prior to 1987 but not yet completed have bean extended into 1988. In 1988 a new approach in programme administration ha6 been adopted. Two major multisectoral projectfi, which run concurrently with project6 extended from previous years, have been establifihed and provide for $US 10 million to assist in communal and in biconxnunal activitiee. The 1988 programme. which is co-ordinated with the Cyprus Red CrO66 Society, provides for the continuation of bicommunel activities, as well a6 the construction of three new, and the enten6ion of three existing, elementary 6choOl6, the COnfitrUCtiOn of two hoepitals and the overseas procurement of equipment and 6UppliO6 for health, vocational education, egriculture, veterinary lpervices and water resources management.

44. There we6 an increase in joint activities between the Greek Cypriot and the Turkish Cypriot communities in the framework of continuing projects, assisted by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Under the Nicosia Master Plan project, joint working meetings between the Turkish Cypriot alld the Greek Cypr-iot members of the team continued to take place on a regular basis, usually weekly, The main focus has been on how trj u6e funds made available under the Nicosia Master Plan, by UNHCR and the Federal Republic of , for project6 in the old walled

. ‘/... s/19927 Engliuh psge 11

city of Nicosia. Also under this project and with UNDP funding, emergency assistance and expertise is being provided to halt damage to the Selimiye-St. Sophia national monument, a structure of rare architectural merit situated in the Turkish Cypriot quarter of Nicosia. A UNDP booklet entitled “M nf_Nicosie” has been distriblzted nationally and internationally with a view to attracting funds for this bicommunal project. The booklet has a foreword prepared jointly and signed by the project leaders of both communities. Meanwhile, a European Economic Community delegation, in close consultation with the Resident Co-ordinator of the United Nations system’s operational activities for development, held discussions with representatives of both conxxunitiee and expressed itself in favour of funding some of the planned Nicosia Master Plan projects on both sides of the walled city.

45. UNDP continues to co-ordinate the work being undertaken under the Nicosia sanitary sewage and domestic water supply project to provide improved sanitary facilities and water connections to both communities in Nicosia. UNFICYP has been providing logistic support for work done in the buffer zone.

46. Technical co-operation in the animal health field is helping to combat new-born diseases and to improve the coverage of control measures in outlying areas. The project is being strengthened with the addition of two United Nations volunteers, one in veterinary science and one in computer technology.

47. The first consultancy under a new health project, mainly for the Tu,kish Cypriot community, was fielded during the reporting period. This project covera an assessment of tuberculosis, the expanded progreamne of imnunitation, the control of diarrhoeal diseases and malaria. Meanwhile, as part of the ongoing thalassaemia project, vital testing kits for blood banks were provided to the Turkish Cypriot community.

48. The World Food Progranxne echool and in;titutional feeding project for a total of 22,000 recipients throughout Cyprus has continued during this period.

IV. FINANCIAL ASPECTS

49. The cost to the United Nations of maintaining UNFICYP for a period of six months beyond 15 June 1988, should the Security Council decide to extend the mandate of the Force, is ostimated at $12.6 million. This reflects a continuation of the current levels of expenditure for operational costs and for reimbursement of extra costs to the Governments providing contingents, au detailed belG)wr

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by maiot of e (In thousands of United Statec dollare)

I. BCqptS 3

Movement of contingents 274 Operational expense6 1 220 Premises (maintenance, utilities, etc.) 697 Rations 700 Non-military personnel, ealakiee, travel, etc. 2 499 Miscellaneous and contingencies 254 Total I 5 64Q

II. ~ofa.R.tXaccrPtn.of

Pay, allowances and tranoport 6 392 contingent-owned equipment 488 Death and disability 1OQ Total II 6 9BQ Grand total (I and II) 12 620

50. The estimate doe6 not reflect the full tort of the operation. It excludes, in particular, the regular cost8 that would be incurred by the troop contributortr if their contingent6 were Serving at home (i.e. regular pay and allowance6 and normal expsnsus for RI&W), as well a8 ruch extra torte ax they have agreed to absorb.

51. That part of the financing of the cost of the Force which ir borne by the Grganixation is dependent entirely on voluntary contributions from Governments. In this regard. only 03.5 million have been contributed by Member Statem, againat anticipated expenditureo of come 812.6 million for the mandate period that is about to end. As these contributiona have never been sufficient to meet the coot of the Force, the reimbursement claims from the troop-contributing countrjeo have been met only up to December 1979. Unlese additional contributions are received, the accumulated deficit in the UN?ICYP Special Account is expected to be $158.1 million at the end of the current mandate period.

v. GOOD OFFICES OF THE SCCRETARY-GENERAL

52. During the period under review, I pursued the mieeion of good office6 entrusted to the Secretary-General by the Security Council in resolution 367 (1978) and in subsequent resolutions, most recently in resolution 604 (1987).

53 on 29 February 1988 Mr. Oscar Camilion arrived in Nicosia to a66ume his functions as my Special Reprs6entative.

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54. When I appointed Mr. Camilibn, I appealed to all concerned to take stock of the situation afresh and to make positive gestures that would create favourable conditions for the resumption of negotiations. I have since become increasingly convinced that conditions were becoming ripe to break the deadlock and that a good way to start would be to bring the leaders of the two sides in Cyprus together for the purpose of launching the resumption of talks. Toward this end, I have recently conveyed to the two leaders, through my Special ROpr868ntatiVe, Certain specific suggestions. These envisage an early meeting between the two leaders at which they would agree to enter, without pre-conditions, into urgent discussions with the aim of achieving, by an agreed target date, an overall settlement on the basis of the 1977 and 1979 high-level agreementr. Roth leaders have reassured me of their desire to resume the negotiating process and to co-operate with me in my mission of good offices. I am therefore hopeful that they will seize this opportunity and accept my proposal to meet during the coming weeks.

55. During the period under review the Conxxittee on Kissing Persons in Cyprus (CMP) held four sessions, including 16 meeticgs, of which 12 were attended by the three members of the Committee and their assistants (formal meetings) and 4 by the three members only (informal meetings). The Committee discussed reports submitted by both sides on the investigations carried out in the field with the participation of the third member and/or his aseietants. The Cormnittee also continued its interviews of witnesses and pursued its activities with a view to reaching conclusions on the cases before it as soon as posfiible. At its twenty-sixth working session, the Corrmittee decided that it would undertake, at future sessions, a general review of the investigations and reports Concerning cases present-cd to it 80 far.

VI. OBSERVATIONS

56. The present report is submitted to the Security Council at a time of tension in Cyprus but also at a time of hope.

57. The tension derives from the two incidents described in parayraphs 18 and 19. These events which, although unconnected, happened within a week of each other, were the first serious shooting incidents in the buffer tone for many years. The facts and the complaints against UNFLCYP to which they have given rise are currently the subject of investigation8 and inquiries which are not yet complete. In the meantime I believe it necessary to draw to the Council’s attention the fact that these incidents, and especially the first of them, have led t!le Turkish Cypriot authorities to conduct a sustained and public campaign against the Force Commander , Major-General Greindl. This campaign has prompted similar attacks by the Turkish Cypriot medie. There has for many year6 been a regrettable tendency in Cyprus for the media on both sides to be over- ready to criticize the United Nations efforts there, often with scant regard for the facts. Such attacks have come to be accepted by those concerned as part of the job and have not previously been referred to in reports by the Secretary-General to the Security Council. But the recent abuse of General Greindl, of his Force and even of his ccuntry has reached such a pitch that I feel obliged to draw it to the Council’s attention.

/ . . . S/l9921 English Psge 14

58. I take this opportunity to restate my full confidence in General Greindl. During hi6 more than seven years as Force Conxnander, he has consistently proven his good judgment and impartiality. I also pay tribute to the military and civilian personnel of UNFICYP who have continued to discharge \

59. The hope I have referred to derives from the prospect that it may 60011 be pO66ible to break free from the impasee which has blocked my mission of good office6 for the last two years and to resume activs negotiations betwsen the t-wo side6 for 8n overall settlement of the Cyprus problem. My Special Wepresentative, Mr. Oscar Camilion, for whose sustained efforts in the discharge of hi6 delicate responsibilities I express my deep appreciaticn, has, a6 reported above, recently presented to the two Sides certain procedural proposals. Consultations on these proposal6 are still under way but I trust that it will 60033 be pO66ible to resume effective negotiations.

60. In expressing hope for n8w and successful negotiations I do not underestimate the difficulties that lie ahead. The Cyprus problem, in its variout; manifestations, has been before the Security Council for a quarter of a century. There has been a natural tendency for both side6 to become entrenched in lony-held positions. It will require statesmanship of a high order to break free from those position6 and to muke, in gcod faith and with 8 readiness to compromise, a new attempt to bridge the wide difference6 that exist. If this dream is to be fulfilled. every effort nW6t be made to overcome existing distrust and to build confidence between the two sides. They must be encouraged to show respect for each other’6 concern and to discuss with good will how these concerns can bo met. There must be no further ettempts to change the ~CQ~Q and the language of public statement6 should be moderated. Effort6 should also be made, to re-establish contacts, at every level, between two communities which h8vl3 been growing apart at a dibtressing rate. My Special Representative and the Force Commander stand ready to do all they can to help in this Building confidence i6 principally a matter for the Gr8ek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriot6 themselves. But other6 can help too. In particular, great benefits would be derived if Turkey would make a start, by reducing its troops in the northern part of thn island. I again apyeal to the Government of Turkey to take this step.

61. At thio time of both tension and hope, it is more imI’or*ant than ever that UNFICYP should Continue t0 fulfil its indispens&le role. I thsrefore recommend to the Security Council that it extend the mandate of UNFICYP for a further period of 6ix months. In accordance with established practice, I have undertaken consultations on this matter with th8 parti. concerned and I shall report to the Council on the60 consultation6 a6 soon a6 they have been completed.

62. Finally, I regret that I must once aqain draw the &cur it y Council’s at-t.ention to the worsening financial situation facing WPlCYP. The deficit cannot be allowed to continue to grow at the present alarming rate without jeopardizing the very existence of UNFICYP. A6 I have stated on several occasions, it is not fair that the troop-contributing GOVernmnt6 should have to bear SO i, rqe a share of t.he Force’s COSt6. I again express my deep apprecietion to the Government.6 which

1 . . . S/19927 Engl ieh Page 15 contribute contingents to the Force as well a8 to those Governmente that have made voluntary financial contributione. It remain6 my view that the beat way of placing the financing of IJNFICYP on a more equitable barir would be for the United Nations share of tha costs of the Force to be financed from aoreseed contributione. I hope that in due course the members of the Council will agree to thir overdue reform. - $5 3 .u .m ,_. . . . _..-.__ - .._. -.--_ .--_ .._...____ -& --.-. --.- -..I. .---. _ ---- .-.... HO UNFICYP ) Ho UNCIVPOL HQ BRITCON MEDIT&HRANEAN SEA HOCANCON hrcs SCOUl csi till” I ( UM HP Cuv I-! UNFICVP Support thBt I Engmt Our

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