MACOR® Machinable Glass Ceramic for Industrial Applications Copyright © 2012 Corning Incorporated

MACOR® Machinable Glass Ceramic

MACOR® machinable glass ceramic is recognized worldwide to be a major technological innovation, as well as a technical solution for a wide range of industrial applications. Opening a wide range of possibilities MACOR® gives the performance of a technical ceramic with the versatility of a high performance polymer, while providing the machinability of a soft metal. As a result, MACOR® is an outstanding engineering material which can quickly be designed into highly complex shapes, using conventional metalworking tools. Unique composition

MACOR® can be considered unique as its composition comprises 55% fluorophlogopite mica and 45% borosilicate glass. Corning’s unique production process results in Macor’s microstructure that is a key to its versatile properties.

General properties MACOR® offers a unique combination of properties, unlike any other technical material. It is a white, nonwetting, odorless and non outgassing material that exhibits zero porosity.

Extremely machinable, MACOR® offers tight tolerances capabilities, allowing complicated shape design (optimal performances up to +/- 0.013 mm for dimensions, < 0.5 µm for finished surface and up to 0.013 µm for polished surface).

MACOR® remains continuously stable at 800 °C, with a maximum peak at 1000 °C under no load, and unlike ductile materials, doesn’t creep or deform.

Its coefficient of thermal expansion readily matches most metals and sealing glasses.

As an electric insulator, particularly at high temperatures, it is excellent at high voltages and a broad spectrum of frequencies.

Material Forms Corning supplies MACOR® as slab and rod. High precision finished parts are manufactured by our specialist partners. Key Benefits

Product Process

• Easily machinable Short production process • Withstands high temperatures Raw Machining Finished • Low thermal conductivity Material parts shipment • Holds tight tolerances • Electrical insulator • Ordinary machining tools • Zero porosity and no outgassing • Complex design shapes • Strong & rigid • No post firing required • Highly polishable • Fast turnaround and cost effective • can be soldered to a wide range of material • Quick end-user delivery time • Radiation resistant • Lead free

Unrivalled properties combination - A wide range of possibilities Quickly - Accurately - Economically

Industry Applications MACOR® builds value in every field :

• Constant and ultra-high vacuum • Fixtures environments • Chemical • Laser technology • Automobile • Semiconductor / Electronic • Military • Aerospace / Space • Nuclear... • Medical/ Laboratory equipment Properties

I. Thermal II. Mechanical SI/Metric Imperial SI/Metric Imperial Coefficient of Expansion Density 2,52 g/cm3 157 lbs/ft3 CTE -100°C ➞ 25°C 81 x 10-7 /°C 45 x 10-7 /°F Porosity 0% 0% ➞ -7 -7 CTE 25°C 300°C 90 x 10 /°C 50 x 10 /°F Young’s Modulus, 25°C 66,9 GPa 9.7 x 106 PSI (Modulus of Elasticity) CTE 25°C ➞ 600°C 112 x 10-7 /°C 62 x 10-7 /°F Poisson’s Ratio 0,29 0.29 CTE 25°C ➞ 800°C 123 x 10-7 /°C 68 x 10-7 /°F Shear Modulus, 25°C 25,5 GPa 3.7 x 106 PSI Specific Heat, 25°C 0,79 kJ/kg°C 0.19 Btu/lb°F Knoop Hardness, 100g 250 kg/mm2 Thermal Conductivity, 25°C 1,46 W/m°C 10.16 Btu.in/hr.ft²°F -7 Modulus of Rupture, 25°C 94 MPa 13 600 PSI Thermal Diffusivity, 25°C 7,3 x 10 m²/s 0.028 ft²/hr (Flexural Strength) (Minimum specified average value) Continuous Operating Temperature 800°C 1472°F Compressive Strength 345 MPa 49 900 PSI Maximum No Load Temperature 1000°C 1832°F (After polishing) up to 900 MPa 130 000 PSI

III. Electrical SI/Metric Imperial Dielectric Constant, 25°C 1 kHz 6,01 6.01 8,5 GHz 5,64 5.64 Loss Tangent, 25°C 1 kHz 0,0040 0.0040 8,5 GHz 0,0025 0.0025 Dielectric Strength (AC) avg. 45 kV/mm 1143 V/mil 25°C, under 0,3 mm thickness. Dielectric Strength (DC) avg. 129 kV/mm 3277 V/mil 25°C, under 0,3 mm thickness DC Volume Resistivity, 25°C 1017 Ohm.cm 1017 Ohm.cm

IV. Chemical Weight Loss (mg/cm2) Solution pH Time Temp. Gravimetric 5% HCl 0,1 24 hrs 95°C 100 (Hydrochloric Acid) ~ 0,002 N HNO 3 2,8 24 hrs 95°C 0,6 (Nitric Acid) ~ 0,1 N NaHCO 3 8,4 24 hrs 95°C 0,3 (Sodium Bicarbonate) ~ 0,02 N Na CO 2 3 10,9 6 hrs 95°C 0,1 (Sodium Carbonate) ~ 5% NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide) 13,2 6 hrs 95°C ~10

Chemical durability Class DIN 12111 / NF ISO 719 Water HGB2 DIN 12116 Acid 4 DIN 52322 / ISO 695 Alkali A3 Technical Data

THERMALTHERMAL EXPANSION EXPANSION YOUNG’SYOUNG’S MODULUS MODULUS 12 12 70 70 10,1 10,1

-3 -3

10 10 65 65 9,4 9,4 x 10 x 10 0 0

8 8 60 60 8,7 8,7 , PSI , PSI 6 6 55 55 8,0 6 8,0 6 E, GPa E, GPa

4 4 50 50 7,2 E x 10 7,2 E x 10

2 2 45 45 6,5 6,5 Thermal Expansion, ∆L/L Thermal Expansion, ∆L/L Thermal Expansion, 0 0 40 40 5,8 5,8 -10000 0 -10000 100 0 200 100 300 200 400 300 500 400 600 500 700 600 800 700 800 0 1000 200 100 300 200 400 300 500 400 600 500 700 600 800 700 800 Temperature,Temperature, °C °C Temperature,Temperature, °C °C

THERMALTHERMAL CONDUCTIVITY CONDUCTIVITY MODULUSMODULUS OF RUPTURE OF RUPTURE 1,80 1,80 180 180 26 100 26 100

1,70 1,70 160 160 23 200 23 200 140 140 20 300 20 300 1,60 1,60 120 120 17 400 17 400 1,50 1,50 100 100 14 500 14 500 1,40 1,40 Minimum specifiedMinimum average specified value average : 94 MPa value : 94 MPa 80 80 11 600 11 600 1,30 1,30 60 60 8 700 8Strength, PS I 700 Strength, PS I Strength, MPa Strength, MPa 1,20 1,20 40 40 5 800 5 800

1,10 1,10 20 20 2 900 2 900 Thermal Conductivity, W/m°C Thermal Conductivity, W/m°C

1,00 1,00 0 0 0 0 0 1000 200 100 300 200 400 300 500 400 600 500 700 600 800 700 800 0 1000 200 100 300 200 400 300 500 400 600 500 700 600 800 700 800 Temperature,Temperature, °C °C Temperature,Temperature, °C °C

DC VOLUMEDC VOLUME RESISTIVITY RESISTIVITY LOSS TANGENTLOSS TANGENT 19 19

10 KHz 10 KHz 17 17 1 KHz 1 KHz 10 10 200 Hz 200 Hz 15 15 1 1 100 KHz 100 KHz 13 13 0,1 0,1 11 11

Loss Tangent 0,01 Loss Tangent 0,01 Log ρ , Ohm.cm 9 Log ρ , Ohm.cm 9

7 7 0,001 0,001

5 5 0,0001 0,0001 05005 1000 150 100 200 150 250 200 300 250 350 300 400 350 450 400 500 450 500 05005 1000 150 100 200 150 250 200 300 250 350 300 400 350 450 400 500 450 500 Temperature,Temperature, °C °C Temperature,Temperature, °C °C

DIELECTRICDIELECTRIC CONSTANT CONSTANT 40 40 1 KKHz 1 KKHz 35 35 100 KHzK Hz 100 KHzK Hz 200 Hz 200 Hz 30 30 Actual properties of specific production 25 25 batches may vary. 20 20 Stated general properties reflect results 15 15 from regular tests on sample

Dielectric Constant 10 Dielectric Constant 10 100 KHz 100 KHz quantities in Corning labs. 5 5

0 0 05005 1000 150 100 200 150 250 200 300 250 350 300 400 350 450 400 500 450 500 Temperature,Temperature, °C °C MACOR® Machinable Glass Ceramic Key For Industrial Applications Benefits

Product Process

Industry Applications MACOR® builds value in every field :

• Constant and ultra-high vacuum • Fixtures environments • Chemical • Laser technology • Automobile • Semiconductor / Electronic • Military • Aerospace / Space • Nuclear... For more information: • Medical/ Laboratory equipment www.corning.com/specialtymaterials/macor [email protected] Corning SAS - 7 bis avenue de Valvins, CS 70156 Samois-sur-Seine, 77215 AVON Cedex, France - Tel +33 1 64 69 70 39 MACOR® is a registered trademark of Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY