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John Gunther
january 1934 Dollfuss and the Future of Austria John Gunther Volume 12 • Number 2 The contents of Foreign Affairs are copyrighted.©1934 Council on Foreign Relations, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction and distribution of this material is permitted only with the express written consent of Foreign Affairs. Visit www.foreignaffairs.com/permissions for more information. DOLLFUSS AND THE FUTURE OF AUSTRIA By John G?nther two VIRTUALLY unknown years ago, Dr. Engelbert Doll fuss has become the political darling of Western Europe. Two have seen him in the chambers years ago you might ? of the Austrian which he killed his parliament subsequently ? cherubic little face gleaming, his small, sturdy fists a-flutter career a and wondered what sort of awaited politician so per as as sonally inconspicuous. This year London and Geneva well Vienna have done him homage. Whence this sudden and dramatic are rise? Partly it derives from his personal qualities, which events considerable; partly it is because made him Europe's first a sort bulwark against Hitler, of Nazi giant-killer. And stature came to him paradoxically because he is four feet eleven inches high. Dollfuss was born a peasant and with belief in God. These are two facts paramount in his character. They have contributed much to his popularity, because Austria is three-fifths peasant, a with population 93 percent Roman Catholic. Much of his comes extreme personal charm and force from his simplicity of and amount to manner; his modesty directness almost na?vet?. no no Here is iron statue like Mustapha Kemal, fanatic evangelist a like Hitler. -
German Jews in the United States: a Guide to Archival Collections
GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE,WASHINGTON,DC REFERENCE GUIDE 24 GERMAN JEWS IN THE UNITED STATES: AGUIDE TO ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS Contents INTRODUCTION &ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 ABOUT THE EDITOR 6 ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS (arranged alphabetically by state and then city) ALABAMA Montgomery 1. Alabama Department of Archives and History ................................ 7 ARIZONA Phoenix 2. Arizona Jewish Historical Society ........................................................ 8 ARKANSAS Little Rock 3. Arkansas History Commission and State Archives .......................... 9 CALIFORNIA Berkeley 4. University of California, Berkeley: Bancroft Library, Archives .................................................................................................. 10 5. Judah L. Mages Museum: Western Jewish History Center ........... 14 Beverly Hills 6. Acad. of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences: Margaret Herrick Library, Special Coll. ............................................................................ 16 Davis 7. University of California at Davis: Shields Library, Special Collections and Archives ..................................................................... 16 Long Beach 8. California State Library, Long Beach: Special Collections ............. 17 Los Angeles 9. John F. Kennedy Memorial Library: Special Collections ...............18 10. UCLA Film and Television Archive .................................................. 18 11. USC: Doheny Memorial Library, Lion Feuchtwanger Archive ................................................................................................... -
Guide to the John Gunther Papers 1935-1967
University of Chicago Library Guide to the John Gunther Papers 1935-1967 © 2006 University of Chicago Library Table of Contents Descriptive Summary 9 Information on Use 9 Access 9 Citation 9 Biographical Note 9 Scope Note 10 Related Resources 12 Subject Headings 12 INVENTORY 13 Series I: Inside Europe 13 Subseries 1: Original Manuscript 14 Subseries 2: First Revision (Second Draft) 16 Subseries 3: Galley Proofs 18 Subseries 4: Revised Edition (October 1936) 18 Subseries 5: New 1938 Edition (November 1937) 18 Subseries 6: Peace Edition (October 1938) 19 Subseries 7: 1940 War Edition 19 Subseries 8: Published Articles by Gunther 21 Subseries 9: Memoranda 22 Subseries 10: Correspondence 22 Subseries 11: Research Notes-Abyssinian War 22 Subseries 12: Research Notes-Armaments 22 Subseries 13: Research Notes-Austria 23 Subseries 14: Research Notes-Balkans 23 Subseries 15: Research Notes-Czechoslovakia 23 Subseries 16: Research Notes-France 23 Subseries 17: Research Notes-Germany 23 Subseries 18: Research Notes-Great Britain 24 Subseries 19: Research Notes-Hungary 25 Subseries 20: Research Notes-Italy 25 Subseries 21: Research Notes-League of Nations 25 Subseries 22: Research Notes-Poland 25 Subseries 23: Research Notes-Turkey 25 Subseries 24: Research Notes-U.S.S.R. 25 Subseries 25: Miscellaneous Materials by Others 26 Series II: Inside Asia 26 Subseries 1: Original Manuscript 27 Subseries 2: Printer's Copy 29 Subseries 3: 1942 War Edition 31 Subseries 4: Printer's Copy of 1942 War Edition 33 Subseries 5: Material by Others 33 Subseries 6: -
Sicily and the Surrender of Italy
United States Army in World War II Mediterranean Theater of Operations Sicily and the Surrender of Italy by Albert N. Garland and Howard McGaw Smyth Assisted by Martin Blumenson CENTER OF MILITARY HISTORY UNITED STATES ARMY WASHINGTON, D.C., 1993 Chapter XIV The Climax Sardinia Versus the Mainland The successful invasion of Sicily clarified strategic problems and enabled the Allies to turn from debate to decision. The Combined Chiefs of Staff at the TRIDENT Conference in May had directed General Eisenhower to knock Italy out of the war and contain the maximum number of German forces, but they had not told him how. Preparing to launch operations beyond the Sicilian Campaign, AFHQ had developed several outline plans: BUTTRESS, invasion of the Italian toe by the British 10 Corps; GOBLET, a thrust at the ball of the Italian foot by the British 5 Corps; BRIMSTONE, invasion of Sardinia; and FIREBRAND, invasion of Corsica. But a firm decision on the specific course of action to be taken was still lacking.1 The four plans, Eisenhower had explained to Churchill during the Algiers meetings in June, pointed to two broad alternative courses. If the Axis resisted vigorously in Sicily, thereby forecasting high Italian morale and a bitter and protracted struggle for the Allies, then BRIMSTONE and FIREBRAND, insular operations, were preferable. Otherwise, operations on the Italian mainland were more promising. Despite Churchill's articulate enthusiasm for the latter course, Eisenhower had made no commitment. He awaited the factual evidence to be furnished in Sicily. Meanwhile, the Americans and British continued to argue over strategy. -
Foreign News: Where Is Signor X?
Da “Time”, 24 maggio 1943 Foreign News: Where is Signor X? Almost 21 years of Fascism has taught Benito Mussolini to be shrewd as well as ruthless. Last week he toughened the will of his people to fight, by appeals to their patriotism, and by propaganda which made the most of their fierce resentment of British and U.S. bombings. He also sought to reduce the small number pf Italians who might try to cut his throat by independent deals with the Allies. The military conquest of Italy may be no easy task. After the Duce finished his week's activities, political warfare against Italy looked just as difficult, and it was hard to find an alternative to Mussolini for peace or postwar negotiations. No Dorlans. The Duce began by ticking off King Vittorio Emanuele, presumably as insurance against the unlikely prospect that the sour-faced little monarch decides either to abdicate or convert his House of Savoy into a bargain basement for peace terms. Mussolini pointedly recalled a decree of May 10, 1936, which elevated him to rank jointly with the King as "first marshal of Italy." Thus the King (constitutionally Commander in Chief of all armed forces) can legally make overtures to the Allies only with the consent and participation of the Duce. Italy has six other marshals. Mussolini last week recalled five of them to active service.* Most of these men had been disgraced previously to cover up Italian defeats. Some of them have the backing of financial and industrial groups which might desert Mussolini if they could make a better deal. -
Cahiers De La Méditerranée, 88 | 2014 Italy, British Resolve and the 1935-1936 Italo-Ethiopian War 2
Cahiers de la Méditerranée 88 | 2014 Le rapport au monde de l'Italie de la première guerre mondiale à nos jours Italy, British resolve and the 1935-1936 Italo- Ethiopian War Jason Davidson Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/cdlm/7428 DOI: 10.4000/cdlm.7428 ISSN: 1773-0201 Publisher Centre de la Méditerranée moderne et contemporaine Printed version Date of publication: 30 June 2014 Number of pages: 69-84 ISSN: 0395-9317 Electronic reference Jason Davidson, « Italy, British resolve and the 1935-1936 Italo-Ethiopian War », Cahiers de la Méditerranée [Online], 88 | 2014, Online since 03 December 2014, connection on 08 September 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/cdlm/7428 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/cdlm.7428 This text was automatically generated on 8 September 2020. © Tous droits réservés Italy, British resolve and the 1935-1936 Italo-Ethiopian War 1 Italy, British resolve and the 1935-1936 Italo-Ethiopian War Jason Davidson 1 As Italian elites prepared to attack Ethiopia in 1935 they knew that resolve mattered; they were aware that British willingness to incur costs to defend Ethiopia and the League of Nations would have a decisive impact on the war. If the British were to militarily oppose to Italy or even to close the Suez Canal, the Italian war effort would be prohibitively costly and would probably fail. Moreover, the British sent signals that could have been interpreted as evidence of high resolve (a willingness to incur great costs to defend Ethiopia and the League of Nations). In mid-September Foreign Secretary Samuel Hoare made an impassioned pledge that Britain would be “second to none” in defending its League obligations. -
Cr^Ltxj
THE NAZI BLOOD PURGE OF 1934 APPRCWBD": \r H M^jor Professor 7 lOLi Minor Professor •n p-Kairman of the DeparCTieflat. of History / cr^LtxJ~<2^ Dean oiTKe Graduate School IV Burkholder, Vaughn, The Nazi Blood Purge of 1934. Master of Arts, History, August, 1972, 147 pp., appendix, bibliography, 160 titles. This thesis deals with the problem of determining the reasons behind the purge conducted by various high officials in the Nazi regime on June 30-July 2, 1934. Adolf Hitler, Hermann Goring, SS leader Heinrich Himmler, and others used the purge to eliminate a sizable and influential segment of the SA leadership, under the pretext that this group was planning a coup against the Hitler regime. Also eliminated during the purge were sundry political opponents and personal rivals. Therefore, to explain Hitler's actions, one must determine whether or not there was a planned putsch against him at that time. Although party and official government documents relating to the purge were ordered destroyed by Hermann GcTring, certain materials in this category were used. Especially helpful were the Nuremberg trial records; Documents on British Foreign Policy, 1919-1939; Documents on German Foreign Policy, 1918-1945; and Foreign Relations of the United States, Diplomatic Papers, 1934. Also, first-hand accounts, contem- porary reports and essays, and analytical reports of a /1J-14 secondary nature were used in researching this topic. Many memoirs, written by people in a position to observe these events, were used as well as the reports of the American, British, and French ambassadors in the German capital. -
FDR, Japan, Pearl Harbor, and the Entry Into War in the Pacific
Provocation and Angst: FDR, Japan, Pearl Harbor, and the Entry into War in the Pacific paul s. burtness and warren u. ober Through the afternoon of December 7, 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt kept getting more disheartening news about the devasta- tion wreaked by the Japanese raid on Pearl Harbor. These reports were hard for him to fathom, for he knew that Washington had sent repeated alerts to all the Pacific bases—indeed, FDR had personally ordered warnings sent on November 27 and 28, which included a note that in a confrontation the United States would prefer to have the enemy fire first.1 This provision catered to Congressional isola- tionists, who would support combat only if U.S. forces were under attack. Although the president, unlike Secretary of War Henry Stim- son, was not surprised by the attack, the outcome must have caused him grave angst.2 Paul S. Burtness is Professor of English Emeritus at Northern Illinois University, where he served for ten years as Dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. Warren U. Ober is Distinguished Professor of English Emeritus at the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, where he served for ten years as Chair of the English Department. Both Burtness and Ober were junior U.S. Naval Reserve officers during World War II. Burtness was gunnery officer aboard the destroyer escort USS Kyne (DE 744), and Ober was a communications officer on the staff of Admiral Howard F. Kingman, Commander, Battleship Division 9, and, later, Commander, 3rd Fleet. In addition to publications in their field of English language and literature, Burtness and Ober have written extensively on Pearl Harbor and the onset of WW II in the Pacific. -
AMBASSADOR JOHN GUNTHER DEAN Interviewed By: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial Interview Date; September 6, 2000 Copyright 2000 ADST
AMBASSADOR JOHN GUNTHER DEAN Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial Interview Date; September 6, 2000 Copyright 2000 ADST Q. Today is September 6, 2000. This is an interview with John Gunther Dean. This is being done on behalf of the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. I'm Charles Stuart Kennedy. Let's start at the beginning. Could you tell me when and where you were born and something about your family. DEAN: Okay. I was born on February 24, 1926 in the German city of Breslau, an industrial city of 650,000 people, where they made locomotives, airplanes. Silesia is one of the two lungs of Germany: the Ruhr Valley and Silesia. My father was a corporation lawyer who was on the Board of Directors of banks, chairman of a machine-tool company, mining corporations, etc... He was close to many of the leading industrial and financial people in Germany, in the period between the First World War and the Second World War. My father was also the President of the Jewish Community in Breslau. His friend Max Warburg played the same role in Hamburg. Q. Was this the banking Warburg. DEAN: That's right. Max Warburg was the head of the banking house at that time. Sigmund was his nephew who went to England. Q. "Dean" was ... DEAN: My father changed our name legally by going to court in New York Dean - 1 in March 1939. My father's name was Dr. Josef Dienstfertig. You will find his name in books listing the prominent men in industry and finance at the time. -
History of the City of New York Syllabus
History of the City of New York Columbia University- Fall 2001 Professor Kenneth T. Jackson History 4712 603 Fayerweather Hall Tues. & Thurs. 1:10pm-2:25pm- [email protected] 417 International Affairs Building “The city, the city my Dear Brutus – stick to that and live in its full light. Residence elsewhere, as I made up my mind in early life, is mere eclipse and obscurity to those whose energy is capable of shining in Rome.” Marcus Tullius Cicero “New York City, the incomparable, the brilliant star city of cities, the forty-ninth state, a law unto itself, the Cyclopean Paradox, the inferno with no out-of-bounds, the supreme expression of both the miseries and the splendors of contemporary civilization, the Macedonia of the United States. It meets the most severe test that may be applied to the definit ion of a metropolis – it stays up all night. But also it becomes a small town when it rains.” John Gunther “If you live in New York, even if you’re Catholic, you’re Jewish.” Lenny Bruce “There is no question there is an unseen world; the question is, how far is it from midtown, and how late is it open?” Woody Allen “I am not afraid to admit that New York is the greatest city on the face of God’s earth. You only have to look at it from the air, from the river, from Father Duffy’s statue. New York is easily recognizable as the greatest city in the world, view it any way and every way – back, belly, and sides.” Brendan Behan “Is New York the most beautiful city in the world? It is not far from it. -
Il Diplomatico Su Carta
S T E F A N O B A L D I IL DIPLOMATICO SU CARTA R e p e r t o r i o d e i 1 2 0 0 l i b r i p u b b l i c a t i d a d i p l o m a t i c i i t a l i a n i Stefano Baldi IL DIPLOMATICO SU CARTA REPERTORIO DEI 1200 LIBRI PUBBLICATI DA DIPLOMATICI ITALIANI (IN SERVIZIO DAL 1946) La versione completa della ricerca è disponibile online all’indirizzo: http://baldi.diplomacy.edu/diplo II edizione © 2018 Stefano Baldi Creative Commons Attribuzione-Non Commerciale-Non opere deri- vate 3.0 Italia License L’edizione digitale di questo libro è pubblicata sul sito http://baldi.diplomacy.edu INDICE Introduzione 5 Repertorio dei libri pubblicati da diplomatici italiani 7 Libri fotografici sulle Rappresentanze diplomatiche italiane 97 Autori diplomatici 115 Introduzione Sono ormai oltre 1.200 i libri che i diplomatici italiani in servizio dopo il 1946 hanno scritto e pubblicato. È un numero che sorprende la maggior parte delle persone, ma che in fondo non dovrebbe stupire troppo visto che riguarda au- tori che esercitano o hanno esercitato una professione, come quella del diplo- matico, che ha tra le sue caratteristiche proprio quella dello scrivere. Questo repertorio bibliografico è il frutto di una lunga ricerca da me iniziata ol- tre venti anni fa insieme all’Ambasciatore Pasquale Baldocci che portò, nel 2004, alla pubblicazione del volume “La penna del diplomatico” che raccoglie- va i libri che eravamo riusciti a censire fino ad allora (meno della metà di quel- li attuali). -
William L. Shirer Papers (Working Draft Last Updated 19 October 2016)
William L. Shirer Papers (Working draft last updated 19 October 2016) More information about Shirer can be found here: Coe LibGuides William L Shirer Papers William Shirer Reporting from Compiègne, June 21, 1940 The William L. Shirer Papers finding aid is a working draft. If you have any questions concerning the finding aid or William L. Shirer collection please contact Jill Jack ([email protected], 319.399.8017). Major funding for support of the Shirer Archives and Papers is provided through the generosity of Alan M. and Ann M. Anderson Class of 1978 and 1981 Collection Summary Creator: William L. Shirer (1904-1993) Dates: 1919-1993 Collection Number: zz2006.1 Quantity: 150 linear feet (approximate) Repository: George T. Henry College Archives, Stewart Memorial Library, Coe College Copyright: Copyright is retained by the Shirer family Restrictions on Access: Unrestricted Abstract: William Shirer was a journalist, news correspondent, and writer. He is most known for his broadcasts from Berlin during World War II, and for his books about that time period, most notably Berlin Diary, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, and The Nightmare Years. Shirer was also one of only two western correspondents to cover the beginning of India's independence movement and whom Gandhi allowed into his inner circle. Shirer's collection contains diaries, broadcasts, manuscripts (fiction & non- fiction), news articles, lectures, correspondence, and other writings. This collection includes both Shirer's published and unpublished works. Language: English [bulk], German, French Biographic Note William L. Shirer (1904-1993) was a diarist, journalist, historian, novelist, and playwright. He was born in Chicago but, upon the death of his father in 1913, Shirer and his mother moved to his mother's hometown of Cedar Rapids, Iowa.