Asian Perspectives

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ASIAN PERSPECTIVES The Journal ofArchaeology for Asia and the Pacific Volume 44 Fall 2005 Number 2 LETTER TO THE EDITOR Mind the Gap 247 Peter Bellwood ARTICLES Chemical Identification and Cultural Implications of a Mixed 249 Fermented Beverage from Late Prehistoric China Patrick E. McGovern, Anne P. Underhill, Hui Fang, Fengshi Luan, Gretchen R. Hall, Haiguang Yu, Chen-shan Wang, Fengshu Cai, Zhijun Zhao, and Gary M. Feinman Toward an Understanding of Technological Variability in 276 Microblade Assemblages in Hokkaido, Japan Yuichi Nakazawa, Masami Izuho, ]un Takakura, and Satoru Yamada Illuminating Southeast Asian Prehistory: New Archaeological 293 and Paleoanthropological Frontiers for Luminescence Dating Richard G. Roberts, M.]. Morwood, and Kira E. Westaway Mid-Sequence Archaeology at the Sigatoka Sand Dunes with 320 Interpretive Implications for Fijian and Oceanic Culture History David V. Burley A 3000-Year Culture Sequence from Palau, Western 349 Micronesia Geoffrey R. Clark BOOK REVIEWS The Genesis ofEast Asia, 221 B.C.-A.D. 907, Charles Holcombe 381 Reviewed by Gideon Shelach Hunter-Gatherers ofthe North Pacific Rim, Junko Habu, James M. 383 Savelle, Shuzo Koyama, and Hitomi Hongo, eds. Reviewed by C. Melvin Aikens Tracing Thought through Things: The Oldest Pali Texts and the Early 386 Buddhist Archaeology ofIndia and Burma, Janice Stargardt Reviewed by Peter Skilling The Minori Cave Expedient Lithic Technology, Armand Salvador B. 390 Mijares Reviewed by David Bulbeck The Archaeology ofCentral Philippines, A Study Chifjiy ofthe Iron 392 Age and Its Relationships, rev. ed., Wilhelm G. Solheim II Reviewed by Barbara Thiel Early Cultures ofMainland Southeast Asia, Charles Higham 395 Reviewed by Sawang Lertrit Ban Wang Hai: Excavations ofan Iron-Age Cemetery in Northern 398 Thailand, Jean-Pierre Pautreau, Patricia Mornais, and Tasana Doy-asa Reviewed by Kate Domett Water Architecture in South Asia: A Study of Types, Development 399 and Meanings, Julia A. B. Hegewald Reviewed by Janice Stargardt . Angkor and the Khmer Civilization, Michael D. Coe 400 Reviewed by Dawn F. Rooney Architecture and Its Models in South-East Asia, by Jacques 403 Dumarc;:ay Reviewed by Eleanor Mannikka Tiouande: Archeologie d'un Massif de Karst du Nord-Est de la 406 Grande Terre (Nouvelle-Caledonie), Christophe Sand, ed. Reviewed by Patrick V. Kirch Pacific Archaeology: Assessments and Prospects, Christophe Sand, ed. 407 Reviewed by Ethan E. Cochrane The Prehistoric Archaeology ofNorfolk Island, Southwest Pacific, 410 Atholl Anderson and Peter White, eds. Reviewed by Marshall I. Weisler An Anthropologist in Papua: The Photography ofF. E. Williams, 414 1922-39, Michael W. Young and Julia Clark Reviewed by Robert L. Welsch and Sebastian Haraha Among Stone Giants, The Life ofKatherine Routledge and Her 416 Remarkable Expedition to Easter Island, Jo Anne Van Tilburg Reviewed by Joan A. Wozniak.

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The Pefrablanca Flake Tools: an Unchanging Technol Ogy? Arrrand Salvador B
The Pefrablanca Flake Tools: An Unchanging Technol ogy? Arrrand Salvador B. Miiares- Abstract Three car.tes were excaoated in Pefiablanca, northeastern Luzon in 2003. These caaes yieldedflake toolsfrom earlierpreceramic contexts (c.25,000-3,s00 BP) andlater ceramic ones (c.3,500-1,980 BP). Technological and use-wear analysestnere conducted to test if there was any change in techniques of manufacture or use of the flake tools through time. The oldestflake assemblage in Callao caae (c.25,000 BP) reueals aprobableformallithic technology with apredominance of blade-likeflakes and two probable spear points. The Holocene assemblages indicate no significant changes in manufacturing techniques throughout therohole sequence,beingbasedon asimplehardhammer percussion technique. Use-wear analysis also indicated no significant change, withflakes being utilised onhard and soft contact materials. This paper presents a scenario in which hunter-gatherer populations Lraoe coexisted during the past 3,500 years with agricultural populations lioing on the Cagayan Valley alluaial soils. 'Ardueological Studies Progrm, University of the Philippines. [email protected] Eutay Volume 12, pp. 1,3-34 jares 14 Mi Introduction studies of prehistoric human adaptation and culture rely heavily on stone tools for background data. Their durable characteristic makes them one of the few cultural materials to survive the test of time. Knowledge of how a stone tool was manufactured, used, and discarded maybe useful to extrapolate past human behaviour. In 2003, I excavated three cave sites in Pefrablanca, Cagayan Province, Northeastern Philippines (Mijares 2005). The excavation is an attempt to understand the transition from Upper Paleolithic to Neolithic in Northem Luzon. The region contains a number of caves, most of which contain archaeological materials.
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Behavioural Complexity and Modern Traits in the Philippine Upper Palaeolithic
Behavioural Complexity and Modern Traits in the Philippine Upper Palaeolithic AlFred F. PAwlIk introduction The discussion of cultural, cognitive, and behavioral modernity has a long tradition in europe’s prehistoric archaeology ( Dibble 1989; Hahn 1986; Jelinek 1982; klein 1995, 1999; Mellars 1989a, 1989b). The appearance of specialized blade indus- tries, bone and antler tools, and especially figurative art, musical instruments, and personal ornaments are seen as significant indicators of the highly developed cultural and cognitive abilities of their makers (Clottes 2001; Conard 2003; Conard et al. 2004). The seemingly sudden appearance of expressive art and symbolism together with complex tool technologies in europe at around 40,000 years ago has been attributed to explosive cultural and cognitive advancement with the arrival of ana- tomically modern Homo sapiens ( Klein and Blake 2002; Mellars 1991; Mithen 1996). Whether this Upper Palaeolithic revolution in europe was due to social factors or genetic mutation, was related to changes in the ecosystem, or has a cultural expla- nation (such as competition with another human species, the Neanderthals) is still under debate ( Bar-Yossef 2002; Conard et al. 2004; d’errico 2003; Haidle 2006; McBrearty and Brooks 2000; Mellars 2005; Zilhão 2001). Yet, the “human revolu- tion” model is used to explain the success of the Homo sapiens immigrants over the Neanderthals ( Bräuer and Smith 1992; Conard 2006, 2008; Mellars 2005). On the other hand, potential indicators of an earlier and gradually developing cul- tural and cognitive modernity have been seen in African assemblages. The appearance of some modern cognitive traits (e.g., production of projectile points, shell-fishing, personal ornaments, notational or incised pieces, and pigment processing) in Africa has been dated back to the Middle Pleistocene, earlier than the first evidence of ana- tomically modern hominids 200,000 years ago (Henshilwood et al.
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Thomas De Waal the Caucasus
THE CAUCASUS This page intentionally left blank THE CAUCASUS AN INTRODUCTION Thomas de Waal 1 2010 1 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With ofﬁ ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data de Waal, Thomas. The Caucasus : an introduction / Thomas de Waal. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-19-539976-9; 978-0-19-539977-6 (pbk.) 1. Caucasus Region—Politics and government. 2. Caucasus Region—History. 3. Caucasus Region—Relations—Russia. 4. Russia—Relations—Caucasus Region. 5. Caucasus Region—Relations—Soviet Union. 6. Soviet Union—Relations—Caucasus Region. I. Title. DK509.D33 2010 947.5—dc22 2009052376 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To Zoe This page intentionally left blank Contents Introduction 1 1.
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Report on Ananalysis of Spindle Whorl from Callao Cave, Pefiablanca, Northern Luzon Philippines
Report on anAnalysis of Spindle Whorl from Callao Cave, Pefiablanca, Northern Luzon Philippines ludith Cameron and Armand Salaador Mijares Introduction The Callao limestone formation in Peflablanca, Cagayan Province, northern Luzon has been the subject of archaeological research since the 1970's (Figure l). ln 1976-77, archaeological exploration of caves sites in the area was conducted by the National Museum in search of Palaeolithic sites. The extensive explorations resulted in the identification of 43 caves and rockshelter containing archaeological materials on the surface floor (Ronquillo n.d., Ronquillo and Santiago te77). Since then a number of caves in the Callao limestone formation were excavated between '1976 and 1,982, and, 1999. The cave sites excavated in the southern section were the Rabel Cave, Laurente Cave, Alejandro Malanos Cave, and Pedro Pagulayan Cave (Henson1977, Ronquillo 1981). In the northern section were Arku Cave, Musang Cave, Lattu-Lattuc Cave, Callao Cave, and Minori Cave (Cuevas 1980, Dalupan 1981, Mijares 2002, Thiel 1980, 1990a, 1990b). Callao Cave, with an elevation of 85 meters (amsl) and a coordinate of 17" 42' North latitude and 121o 49' Eastlongitude, was excavated by the team of Cuevas (1980) from 1979 to 1980. Callao Cave is the biggest and longest cave in the area. A seven chambers cave, Callao has an elevation of 85 meters (amsl). It has length of 366 meters from the mouth to the back narrow chambers with a width of 14 to 35 Hukog Volume 9, pp. F13 6 Cameron and Mijares meters. The height of the cave ceiling varies from 10 to 45 meter.
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XVI Ciclo Dottorato Di Ricerca in Scienze Della Terra Per Il Territorio
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Dispense Del Corso Di Paleoantropologia
Stefania Consigliere dispense del corso di Paleoantropologia Università degli Studi di Genova corso di laurea triennale in Scienze geografiche applicate. Territorio ambiente turismo. a.a. 2007-2008 Questo documento è pubblicato sotto licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Non commerciale 2.5; può pertanto essere liberamente riprodotto, distribuito, comunicato al pubblico e modificato; la paternità dell'opera dev'essere indicata; non può essere usata per fini commerciali. I dettagli legali della licenza sono consultabili alla pagina http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/ Indice Diventare umani 1 La filosofia della natura nell'antichità 8 Un'epoca di transizione 15 L'evoluzione per selezione naturale di Darwin 27 Dalla genetica alla Sintesi moderna 35 I geni, i dogmi e l'evoluzione plurale 46 Il mondo vivente 57 I parenti prossimi 68 La paleoantropologia 80 La galleria degli antenati 88 Linee portanti nell'evoluzione umana 104 Fossili di cultura 123 Il linguaggio 134 Bibliografia 150 Diventare umani § Una disciplina schizofrenica e una domanda L'antropologia, come si sa e come il nome stesso dichiara, è lo studio dell'uomo: «discorso sull'uomo», appunto. E qui cominciano i problemi. I discorsi sull'uomo sono infatti innumerevoli e in un certo senso ogni discorso è sempre, anche, un discorso sull'uomo. Parlare di società, di musica, di letteratura, di storia, di politica, di economia, di architettura, di moda, di biologia, significa parlare dell'anthropos; ma anche parlare di matematica, fisica, chimica, astronomia significa chiamare in causa l'anthropos: sia perché, in quanto parte del mondo, l'uomo è anche fisica, chimica e misura, sia perché si tratta di campi di sapere definiti e riempiti dall'attività conoscitiva umana – e quindi storici, mutevoli, soggetti ai rovesciamenti che caratterizzano tutte le faccende umane.
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