Show Publication Content!
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
LCSH Section L
L (The sound) Formal languages La Boderie family (Not Subd Geog) [P235.5] Machine theory UF Boderie family BT Consonants L1 algebras La Bonte Creek (Wyo.) Phonetics UF Algebras, L1 UF LaBonte Creek (Wyo.) L.17 (Transport plane) BT Harmonic analysis BT Rivers—Wyoming USE Scylla (Transport plane) Locally compact groups La Bonte Station (Wyo.) L-29 (Training plane) L2TP (Computer network protocol) UF Camp Marshall (Wyo.) USE Delfin (Training plane) [TK5105.572] Labonte Station (Wyo.) L-98 (Whale) UF Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (Computer network BT Pony express stations—Wyoming USE Luna (Whale) protocol) Stagecoach stations—Wyoming L. A. Franco (Fictitious character) BT Computer network protocols La Borde Site (France) USE Franco, L. A. (Fictitious character) L98 (Whale) USE Borde Site (France) L.A.K. Reservoir (Wyo.) USE Luna (Whale) La Bourdonnaye family (Not Subd Geog) USE LAK Reservoir (Wyo.) LA 1 (La.) La Braña Region (Spain) L.A. Noire (Game) USE Louisiana Highway 1 (La.) USE Braña Region (Spain) UF Los Angeles Noire (Game) La-5 (Fighter plane) La Branche, Bayou (La.) BT Video games USE Lavochkin La-5 (Fighter plane) UF Bayou La Branche (La.) L.C.C. (Life cycle costing) La-7 (Fighter plane) Bayou Labranche (La.) USE Life cycle costing USE Lavochkin La-7 (Fighter plane) Labranche, Bayou (La.) L.C. Smith shotgun (Not Subd Geog) La Albarrada, Battle of, Chile, 1631 BT Bayous—Louisiana UF Smith shotgun USE Albarrada, Battle of, Chile, 1631 La Brea Avenue (Los Angeles, Calif.) BT Shotguns La Albufereta de Alicante Site (Spain) This heading is not valid for use as a geographic L Class (Destroyers : 1939-1948) (Not Subd Geog) USE Albufereta de Alicante Site (Spain) subdivision. -
A Brief Introduction to Constructed Languages
A Brief Introduction to Constructed Languages An essay by Laurier Rochon Piet Zwart Institute : June 2011 3750 words Abstract The aim of this essay will be to provide a general overview of what is considered a "constructed language" (also called conlang, formalized language or artificial language) and explore some similarities, differences and specific properties that set these languages apart from natural languages. This essay is not meant to be an exhaustive repertoire of all existing conlangs, nor should it be used as reference material to explain or dissect them. Rather, my intent is to explore and distill meaning from particular conlangs subjectively chosen for their proximity to my personal research practice based on empirical findings I could infer from their observation and brief use. I will not tackle the task of interpreting the various qualities and discrepancies of conlangs within this short study, as it would surely consist of an endeavour of its own. It should also be noted that the varying quality of documentation available for conlangs makes it difficult to find either peer-reviewed works or independent writings on these subjects. As a quick example, many artistic languages are conceived and solely used by the author himself/herself. This person is obviously the only one able to make sense of it. This short study will not focus on artlangs, but one would understand the challenge in analyzing such a creation: straying away from the beaten path affords an interesting quality to the work, but also renders difficult a precise analytical study of it. In many ways, I have realized that people involved in constructing languages are generally engaging in a fringe activity which typically does not gather much attention - understandably so, given the supremacy of natural languages in our world. -
Waste Paper , Collection
\ • ^ • ^ r y CHENEYLIBRARt feATURDAT. SEPTEMBER tl, 194^ Avflrogt Daily CIradfltlsa Ths WsrUmk ^AOTTWELV* • ‘ iHanrlffatfr lEufning Ifrmlll /■ ■ ■to toa aiatoh aC AmrsiL IBM e f D. S. Weathar It la a night club wltli floor shows, 8,896 dancing aad varloaa orehsstrss. It toaIgMt Tuesday moatly eleady, Becomefl A fflan eed Cedars Meet U constantly advsrtised aa that. X, light ahewers. About Town Heard Along Main Street In your own and Hartford news AMD u m iww u papers, for the past asvsral years. Monday Night Manche*ter-^A CUy o f Village Charm Mm. aamli M e A te a c t S4 QrU- The night club seats about 300, PAVING «a U ■tiwt. Is vllittiic mlsUvM la And on Some of Manche^f^e Side StreeU, Too rather roomy for a tavern, whst? ••As to the story of ths run am rmea 18) MANCHESTER, CONN.. MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1946 (TWELVE PAGES) PRICE THREE CENTS N «w Bwttbrtf. M^m . First Seflflion Following C»BIPANiKB VOL. LXVw NO. 801 A Herald man makes the follow-^ ual amount of Ume consuming it around which festursd Mulligan in DaHiy, aoa a t Mra. and Ing queries and commenU in m- Then, when they see all of the "Heard Along Main fltraet” ; that Summer Vacation to atory is abaolutoly correct but it John Doitqr of Vornoo street, Jaid to the fancies and foibles of waitresses busy, they stroll to Of has mnnBMd his studies at the wards the door, arguing among has a classical pracodsnt that la a Be Held at- Temple Wrecked Airliner in Newfoundlantl womankind; Why U it the girls legend among entertainers. -
Complexlang: a Compact Logical Experimental Language
Complexlang: a COMPact Logical EXperimental LANGuage Kelvin M. Liu-Huang Carnegie Mellon University [email protected] Published in Proceedings of SIGBOVIK 2019 (15 March 2019) Informal revisions (27 March 2019, 29 April 2019) Abstract and learning barrier of natural languages, Natural languages trade compactness and mathematical expressions seem better in these ways. consistency for efficiency. Complexlang is an a priori, The tradeoff is, of course, that mathematical declarative, ideographic spoken/written language descriptions can be very elaborate or unwieldy. which attempts to construct/ground the semantic We attempt to address all these concerns by structure of both morphology and syntax from first constructing Complexlang. Language should ideally principles using tools provided by propositional logic, synchronize speech, writing, and comprehension in set theory, type theory, number theory, object- order to facilitate learning. Like aUI (Weilgart, 1979) oriented programming, metaphysics, linguistics, and and Arahau (Karasev, 2006), by infusing individual classical field theory. In doing so, we hypothesize letters with meaning and using phonemic that speakers may converse in Complexlang with little orthography, words have transparent and largely training and learn some math and science in the deterministic etymology; writing, speech, and process. meaning can all be inferred from each other, reducing ambiguity, speeding up learning, and even allowing efficient and deterministic creation of 1. Introduction neologisms. For simplicity, the orthography is simply Most previous constructed languages intended for the IPA symbols of the phonemes. Unlike aUI and human use set out to improve etymological integrity Arahau, Complexlang attempts to express semantics (Zamenhof, 1887), semantic clarity (Bliss, 1965; entirely through logic, specifically patterned after set Karasev, 2006; Weilgart, 1979; Quijada, 2004), theory, rather than metaphor, resulting in compact, consistency (Weilgart, 1979; Cowan, 1997; Quijada, transparent, and unambiguous expressions. -
Constructed Languages and Copyright: a Brief History and Proposal for Divorce
Harvard Journal of Law & Technology Volume 27, Number 2 Spring 2014 CONSTRUCTED LANGUAGES AND COPYRIGHT: A BRIEF HISTORY AND PROPOSAL FOR DIVORCE Michael Adelman* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 544 II. WHAT IS A CONSTRUCTED LANGUAGE? ...................................... 545 A. Classification of Constructed Languages by Their Form ........ 546 B. Classification of Constructed Languages by Their Communicative Function ....................................................... 547 III. PREVIOUS ATTEMPTS TO CONTROL CONSTRUCTED LANGUAGES VIA COPYRIGHT ....................................................... 549 A. Dr. Zamenhof Makes Esperanto the “Property of Society” .................................................................................. 550 B. Tolkien’s “Secret Vice” and Ownership of Elvish Languages .............................................................................. 551 C. Klingon and Paramount ........................................................... 553 D. The Loglan v. Lojban Dispute and a Trip to the Federal Circuit .................................................................................... 554 E. What Qualifies as Fair Use and How Does It Protect Users of Constructed Languages? ......................................... 556 IV. CONSTRUCTED LANGUAGES SHOULD BE USED FREELY AND WITHOUT FEAR OF LEGAL CONSEQUENCES ......................... 558 A. Copyright Protection Does Not Incentivize the Creation of New Constructed Languages -
In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language - by Arika Okrent
In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language - By Arika Okrent The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Graham M. Jones, review of “In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language" by Arika Okrent. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 22, no. 2 (August 4, 2012): E115- E116. As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1395.2012.01128.x Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Version Final published version Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82014 Terms of Use Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. bs_bs_banner Book Reviews E115 In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language. Arika Okrent. New York: Spiegel & Grau, 2009. 352 pp. GRAHAM M. JONES Massachusetts Institute of Technology While it is not a scholarly work, Arika Okrent’s In the Land of Invented Languages recommends itself to linguistic anthropologists on a variety of counts. An intellectual picaresque describing the author’s historical and ethnographic forays into the imaginative worlds of language inven- tors and their followers, it offers engaging examination of shifting motivations behind the production and promotion of constructed languages (conlangs). -
Contribuição Da Língua Portuguesa E Das Línguas Africanas Quicongo E
UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE LETRAS CLÁSSICAS E VERNÁCULAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM FILOLOGIA E LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA MARCUS VINÍCIUS KNUPP BARRETTO Contribuições da língua portuguesa e das línguas africanas quicongo e bini na constituição do crioulo sãotomense São Paulo 2008 UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE LETRAS CLÁSSICAS E VERNÁCULAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM FILOLOGIA E LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA Contribuições da língua portuguesa e das línguas africanas quicongo e bini na constituição do crioulo sãotomense Marcus Vinícius Knupp Barretto Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Filologia e Língua Portuguesa do Departamento de Letras Clássicas e Vernáculas da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo, para a obtenção do título de mestre em Letras. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Gabriel Antunes de Araújo São Paulo 2008 AGRADECIMENTOS “Nunya, adidoe, asi metunee o 1.” Provérbio africano ewe e akan Meus agradecimentos a todos que me ajudaram a abraçar o conhecimento. Ao professor Dr. Gabriel Antunes de Araújo, pela orientação, pelas aulas no curso de crioulística, por todo o auxílio durante o mestrado, além de toda a confiança que tem depositado em mim. À professora Dr a. Maria Margarida Taddoni Petter, pelas aulas no curso de línguas africanas, pelo auxílio durante o mestrado e todas as sugestões dadas para a dissertação tanto na qualificação quanto na defesa. Ao professor Dr. Manoel Mourivaldo Santiago Almeida, pelas norteadoras sugestões no exame de qualificação. Ao professor Dr. Rogério Vicente Ferreira, pelas sugestões na defesa. Ao professor Dr. -
In 2018 Linguapax Review
linguapax review6 62018 Languages, Worlds and Action Llengües, mons i acció Linguapax Review 2018 Languages, Worlds and Actions Llengües, mons i acció Editat per: Amb el suport de: Generalitat de Catalunya Departament de Cultura Generalitat de Catalunya Departament d’Acció Exterior Relacions Institucionals i Transparència Secretaria d’Acció Exterior i de la Unió Europea Coordinació editorial: Alícia Fuentes Calle Disseny i maquetació: Maria Cabrera Callís Traduccions: Marc Alba / Violeta Roca Font Aquesta obra està subjecta a una llicència de Reconeixement-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional de Creative Commons CONTENTS - CONTINGUTS Introduction. Languages, Worlds and action. Alícia Fuentes-Calle 5 Introducció. Llengües, mons i acció. Alícia Fuentes-Calle Túumben Maaya K’aay: De-stigmatising Maya Language in the 14 Yucatan Region Genner Llanes-Ortiz Túumben Maaya K’aay: desestigmatitzant la llengua maia a la regió del Yucatán. Genner Llanes-Ortiz Into the Heimat. Transcultural theatre. Sonia Antinori 37 En el Heimat. Teatre transcultural. Sonia Antinori Sustaining multimodal diversity: Narrative practices from the 64 Central Australian deserts. Jennifer Green La preservació de la diversitat multimodal: els costums narratius dels deserts d’Austràlia central. Jennifer Green A new era in the history of language invention. Jan van Steenbergen 101 Una nova era en la història de la invenció de llengües. Jan van Steenbergen Tribalingual, a startup for endangered languages. Inky Gibbens 183 Tribalingual, una start-up per a llengües amenaçades. Inky Gibbens The Web Alternative, Dimensions of Literacy, and Newer Prospects 200 for African Languages in Today’s World. Kọ́lá Túbọ̀sún L’alternativa web, els aspectes de l’alfabetització i les perspectives més recents de les llengües africanes en el món actual. -
Table of Contents
Volume One: Essays Editorial note 13 Foreword · David Crystal 15 Introduction · Jon A. Lindseth 21 Preliminary Essays Warren Weaver’s Alice in Many Tongues: A Critical Appraisal · Emer O’Sullivan 29 Alice and Global Bibliography: Reading the Whole Book · Michael F. Suarez, SJ 42 The Universal Child · Warren Weaver 47 Lewis Carroll as He Was · Morton N. Cohen 51 Alice Liddell as She Was · Morton N. Cohen 65 The Alice Books: English Classics · Morton N. Cohen 71 Translations of Alice during the Lifetime of Lewis Carroll · Edward Wakeling 80 The Real Flood of Translations · Selwyn Goodacre 99 A Selection of Covers in Color Languages Afrikaans · Lelanie de Roubaix and Ilse Feinauer 127 Albanian (Gheg and Tosk) · Merita Bajraktari McCormack 130 Arabic · Nadia El Kholy 134 Aragonese · Antonio Chusé Gil Ereza 137 Armenian (Eastern) · Zoya Pirzad 139 Aromanian · Mariana Bara 141 Assamese · Pradipta Borgohain 144 Asturian · Xilberto Llano 147 Azerbaijani · Sheyda Souleymanova 150 Basque · Manu López Gaseni 152 Belarusian · Max Ščur 155 Bengali · Nivedita Sen 159 Bosnian · Sandra Novkinić 164 Brazilian Portuguese · Lauro Maia Amorim 166 Brazilian Sign Language · Clélia Regina Ramos 168 Breton · Hervé Le Bihan 171 Bulgarian · Ivan Derzhanski 174 Catalan · Francesc Parcerisas 178 Cebuano · Marina P. Hamoy 181 Chinese · Zongxin Feng 187 Cornish · Nicholas J. A. Williams 199 Croatian · Smiljana Narančić Kovač 201 Volume One · The Essays contents 7 Alice_Vol.1_Essays_FINAL_GD_w_pix17_4prs.indd 7 4/10/15 11:06 AM Czech · Jiří Rambousek 207 Danish · Viggo Hjørnager Pedersen 211 Dari and Pashto · Rahman A. Arman 214 Dutch · Lenny de Rooy 218 Estonian · Risto Järv 223 Ewondo · Stéphanie Engola 227 Faroese · Bergljót av Skarði and Kristinbjørg Høgnesen 230 Fijian · Apolonia Tamata 232 Filipino · Marina P. -
Trabajo De Fin De Grado Tiene Como Principal Objetivo Establecer Un Estado De La Cuestión Del Fenómeno Tan Actual De La Creación De Lenguas
Facultad Filosofía y Letras TRABAJO FIN DE GRADO Grado de Español: Lengua y Literatura Las técnicas del conlanging. Un capítulo sobre la lingüística aplicada a la creación de lenguas Presentado por D.ª Irene Mata Garrido Tutelado por Prof. Dr. D. José Manuel Fradejas Rueda Índice 1 Introducción .......................................................................................................... 2 2 Esbozo histórico del fenómeno de la invención de lenguas ............................... 4 3 Intento de clasificación de las lenguas artificiales ............................................. 10 4 ¿Cómo crear una lengua? .................................................................................... 13 5 El fenómeno de la invención de lenguas y su dimensión social y artística en la actualidad .......................................................................................................... 21 6 Conclusiones .......................................................................................................... 26 7 Bibliografía ............................................................................................................ 28 8 Apéndice I: recopilación de las lenguas artificiales ........................................... 30 9 Apéndice II: casos de cambios de acento de los actores .................................... 45 1 1 Introducción Los límites de mi lengua son los límites de mi mente. Ludwig Wittgenstein El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado tiene como principal objetivo establecer un estado de la cuestión -
Microsoft Word
Klaba va vegedunaveem koe witafa golera Bak bata 21 -eafa decemda, akoyepesa klaba tir. Mali mon 150 tanda, jontik rietavik va yona warzafa ava reduyud ise drageyed, enide tana va pelafa golerava wal kote sane ke Tawava zanudar, va ava novesa va mialodafa is miltafa golera isu dokalira pu kottan ke yona amidafa araya, meviduson va ava ke felis seltay. Batlize va riwe teniskafa vexala dem bat abdumimaks me fu ozwatá, dem lodekemaf ik lotestaf. Ise bata vexala tandatandon dun tulodabrotcawer, dumede jonsanayana drikaca ke brubeopa is witaf rotisaceem ta dokalira sopuyud, dum brayarsafa tawa tove jontik avopaf ravesik iku vulegas yambik. Soe, vanmiae konak decemoy abdumimaks leon ok loon bunyeyen, va abic gogrupet : va telyon loon kalskuyun isu bitonaf isu tuseramayas. Kle ozwá : - Esperantoava : arse tela vegedunava loon jupekayasa mali redura bak 1887 gan L- Zamenhof. Rotir celemoy avusik, dem dace gadavaf konaktan. Aotceks va Latinava is abica europafa ava, moe vertapaf pulviropaf bolk. - Volapukava : guazaf abdumimaks sedielon jupekayas arti 19 -eafa decemda. Awalkaf, kore abic rilitik ware dile dulaped. - Idoava : reduyuna bak 1907, solpeks sol Esperantoava. Lotuwavafa ava. Nutir tuviapawesa, damo rotir decitoy avusik oku tol-decitoy. - Interlinguava : abdumimaks ke 1950 sanda, djutis tuwavapaf, vixarinda va romanaveem. Tce dure tela toleafa vegedunava kadime Esperantoava, rotir 3000 avusik iku 5000. Nunubagiwer. - Occidentalava is Novialava : toloy abdumimaks ke 1920 sanda, walefa gu Esperantoava is Interlinguava. Abic avusik dene kottol. Edeme, vanmiae yon lowitaf is tidfis abdumimaks, tid : - Kotava : reduyuna bak 1978. Tolpulvití. - Lojbanava : reduyuna bak 1987, opafa is solokseropafa aneyara rigavayana mo Sapir-Whorf sazdara. Maletiks : ovopapafa ava, vols vanstana gan kon opelik, is xayepesa golde intafa envara lidamu pulviropa lidamu naken ravlemeem, kore mo yon ravlem ke aluboya lozolonafa tuwavava va int zober. -
The Marriage of TEX and Lojban
The Marriage of TEX and Lojban Hong Feng Suite 3-3, 200 WuZhong Str. Wuhan, Hubei Province 430040 China P.R. [email protected] Abstract Lojban is an old artificial language which is ambiguity free, it can also be used as a tool to express Chinese text encoding in readable ASCII characters, and thus be applied in TEX typesetting system. Keywords: TEX, Lojban, Chinese. When Prof. Donald Knuth invented the TEX system, founder Dr. James Cooke Brown. It is based on Chinese was not considered as the default language the “Sapir-Whorf” hypothesis, which states that the to support, as TEX only accepts the readable 7-bit structure of a language constrains thought in that ASCII characters. Chinese, either the simplified, language, and constrains and influences the culture or the traditional encoding set, has many thou- that uses it. Over more than the past four decades, sands of characters. For example, the GB2312-80 Lojban has become a mature artificial language. contains 6,763 simplified Chinese characters, which Here we highlight the main features of Lojban: requires at least double-byte (16-bit) to represent • Lojban is designed to be used by people in one Chinese character (the encodings in the double- communication with each other, and now also byte format are unreadable for people unless one possibly with computers. checks the encoding table one by one!), and makes it difficult for TEX to typeset Chinese documents. • Lojban is designed to be culturally neutral. It Various scenarios were presented to support is based on fully phonetic spelling, so people Chinese and many relevant macros were developed can learn to read Lojban on the fly.