Brampton Heritage Board Item M2 for June 19, 2012
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ONTARIO HERITAGE MTRUST 2-1 BRINGING OUR STORY TO LIFE re>*Mjg experience HI t In this issue: The early French presence in Ontario | Developing communities Prayers, petitions and protests | Portrait of a growing diversity www.heritagetrust.on.ca M 2-2 o.s-i;vkioiiijiiiacj.iki:m Ml HcrUtLdes MINfiING HUH STORY Il> IIII ^y /VicMcrs Heritage Mailers is published in English and French and has .1 combined circulation of 9,200. Digital conies arc available on our websiteat www.heritageciusc.on.ca. Advertising rates: Black and white Business caul - $ 125 plus IIS I '/. page - $250 plusI ISI" Inserts - Call to inquire about ourexceptional rales. For information, contact: Ontario Heritage Trust 10 Adelaide Street East, Suite 302 Toronto. Ontario MSC 113 Telephone: 416-325-50IS lav:-116-314-0744 Email: [email protected] Website: www.heritagetrust.on.ca 1 Queen's Printer for Ontario. 2012 1 l V.i.in.> I Icritagc Trust, 2012 Photos C* Ontario Heritage Trust, 2012. unless otherwise indicated". Produced bythe Ontario HeritageTrust (anagency ot the Ontario Ministry ol Tourism. Culture and Sport). i-.ditor: Gordon Pirn (iiiest Editor: Kachryn McLcod Graphic Designer: .Manuel Olivcira ." -This publication is printed on recycled paperusing vegetable oil-based inks. Helpus protect our environment by passing along orrecycling this pubiicaiion when you have no runner need tor it. Aussi disponible enfrancais. The inclusion of anv advertisement or insert in this publication does not imply orconstitute 3n endorsement oracceptance by the Province ol Ontario o! any of the advertisers, products or services advertised. 1heOntario I'Icritagc Trust is not responsible lor errors, omissions or misrepresentations contained in any advertisement or insert. E&OE ISSN 1198-2454 (Print; ISSN 1911-I46X (PDF/Online) 05/12 tK ^Ontario CONTENTS Amessage from the Chairman: Ontario's Quiet Revolution . 1 Feature story: An interview with Madeleine Meilleur . 2 The early French experience in Ontario . 4 Choosing sides: French presence on the Detroit frontier during the War of 1812 . 6 Developing communities: French-Canadian settlement in Ontario . 7 Keeping the faith: The Church and French Ontario . 9 Contemporary immigration offrancophones to Ontario 10 Portrait ofa growing diversity 11 Prayers, petitions and protests: The controversy over Regulation 12 Arts and culture in francophone Ontario 14 Waving theflag 15 Young francophones 16 Web resources _ 17 Cover Image: Photo: Sylvain Warier, from the Festival franco-ontarien The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those olthe authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of the Ontario Heritage Trust or the Government of Ontario. The Trust wishes tothank the Ontario Office of Francophone Affairs for its assistance and the Department of Canadian Heritage for its financial contribution through the Canada-Ontario Agreement onFrench-Language Services. The Ontario Heritage Trust would like toacknowledge the special contribution made by Yves Frenette in preparing this issue of Heritage Matters. M 2-3 A message from the Chairman: Ontario's Quiet Revolution The role of French-speaking people in shaping the history and life of this province reaches back to theearly 17th century, when explorers and missionaries embarked on official journeys of reconnaissance and faith. By the time Upper Canada wascreated in 1791, the relationship of French-speaking people to the province waswell established, and recognized in some of its earliest legislation. In fact, a resolution acknowledging French-language rights in Upper Canada was adoptedat Newark as early asJune 1793. This view of the importance of language to the French-speaking population - and to theidentity of the province as a whole - wassharedbythose creating a pre-Confederation educational framework forthe province. Indeed, Dr. Egerton Ryerson, the Chief Superintendent of Education inthe province formorethan 30 years, took the view that French was, as well as English, one of the recognized languages of the province, and that children could therefore be taughtineither language in its public schools. In the almost 100 years, however, from Confederation until Ontario'sown Quiet Revolution in the 1960s, French- speaking people in theprovince were faced with heavy and real pressures toassimilate, stemming in large part from anassumption that assimilation was both desirable and possible. This assumption significantly influenced the thinking ofvirtually every provincial administration from thetime ofConfederation andwassupported by a broader movement in English Canada intended torestrict oreliminate altogether theuse ofFrench language. Even the passionate opposition of SirJohn A. Macdonald, who denounced the movement in the House of Commons in 1890, did little to quell its momentum. In spite of legislative andotherefforts to eliminate theuse of French language in theprovince, the French fact would not go away. This reality was acknowledged by modest gains ineducation during the period between the First and SecondWorld Warsthat culminated inthe 1960sduringa periodof substantive reform. Indeed, the 1960s sawnumerous and profound reforms and innovations - a revolution in regard to the position of Ontario's francophone citizens andthe rights andopportunities available to them, particularly in theareas of education and language. The passing of French language school legislation in 1969 wasaccompanied bya growing recognition of the part played in the history and life of the province bythe Franco-Ontarian community. Premier John Robarts acknowledged and supported this fact when he stated, "Men and womenof French origin have played a significant role in the development of Ontario formorethan threecenturies ... This role continues today through the Franco- Ontarian community ... Itsstrength, vitality, accomplishments and potentialare immense. Ontario- indeed allof Canada - isfar the richer and stronger for the presence of these French-speaking residents." Since the 1960s, we have witnessed further legislative reforms, thestrengthening of theFranco-Ontarian identity through education at all levels, literature and thearts, and thecreation of cultural symbols. This strengthening of identity hasenhanced individual rights andeducational and cultural opportunities forall Ontarians. As we embark on the second decadeof the 21st century, we are witnessing an ongoing evolution infrancophone Ontario thatis a significant partof the province's changing cultural, social and linguistic landscape, resulting in a more diverse community. This change presents exciting opportunities, aswell as newchallenges, bothofwhich will inform and enrich our understandingof the French experiencein Ontario. \ ^L*^><v>.< Thomas H.B. Symons, CC, O.Ont., FRSC. LLD M 2-4 An interview Recently, the Ontario Heritage Trustsat down with Madeleine Meilleur - Ontario's Ministerof Community Safety and Correctional Services, and the Minister Responsible for Francophone Affairs. Her Even though my family is from Quebec remarkable story is firmly rooted in her - and those roots are important to me - French-Canadian heritage. She is clearly I think of myselfas a fully-fledged Franco- confident that Ontario's francophone Ontarian. For me, Ontario is not only identity- despite, or perhaps because of, where I live, it's where I studied, where I the changes and challenges experienced have had my career, and where Ihave the by Franco-Ontarians - is as strong as ever privilege of being elected to represent my and continues to playa significant role in fellow citizens. You will understand that, the future of Ontario. for me, Ontario - and in particular French- speaking Ontario - is my whole life. Ontario Heritage Trust: Could you talk a little bitabout your family history OHT: To what extent was your choiceof and explain how your family came to live career influenced by your heritage? And in Ontario. what has it been like, being a francophone in cabinet? Madeleine Meilleur: Actually, my family comes from a littletown in Quebec, MM: While Ihave veryfond memoriesof called Kiamika, in the Upper Laurentians. the time I was studying to be a nurse, my Igrew up there with my parents, one career path changed. Iwent on to study brother and five sisters, and Igo back law at the University of Ottawa, and then often to visit my family. My father spoke went into municipal politics. only French, but thought more doors I may be the only francophone in would open for his children ifthey learned cabinet, but there are a lot of francophiles! English as well. So, he encouraged us Manyof the ministers are fully bilingual, from a very young age to open up our including Premier Dalton McGuinty. Ihave horizons - especially to learn English. the good fortune to work with colleagues I wanted to work in health care, and who respect, admire and try to do knowing Icould study nursing at Montfort everything possible to promote our Hospital, Ileft Quebec at the age of 17 to francophone communities. go into that program. The Office of Francophone Affairs The experience of studying and portfolio is complex because it cuts across working at Montfort - the hospital that all the other ministries. And so knowing became such a powerful symbol for the that Ican count on my colleagues in our Franco-Ontarian community - left a lasting efforts to support, defend and strengthen impression on me. francophone rightsisa definite and necessary advantage. M 2-5 with Madeleine Meilleur OHT: What are some of the challenges education, health, law, social