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Tongging Leisure Park with Neo-Vernacular Architecture Approach

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Jurnal Koridor: Jurnal Arsitektur dan Perkotaan Vol. 11 No. 02, Juli 2020 32-40 TONGGING LEISURE PARK WITH NEO-VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE APPROACH M. FATHUR RAHMAN1and NURLISA GINTING1* 1. Architecture Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara Perpustakaan Street, J07 Building, Medan, 20155, Indonesia *Email: [email protected] Submit: 30th July 2020 Revision: 23th September 2020 Online: 28th September 2020 ABSTRACT Tourism in Indonesia is one of the economic and welfare generators for the local community as well as improving the quality of life of tourists through various activities such as recreation, resting, and getting new knowledge. The Indonesian government through the Ministry of Tourism has chosen ten priority destinations that are rich in natural and cultural products which are expected to bring millions of tourists every year, one of them is Lake Toba in North Sumatra. A village near Lake Toba, namely Tongging Village is still not optimized as a tourist destination, so to attract tourists and support a variety of vacation needs, a leisure park is needed. In designing leisure park, the Neo Vernacular architecture approach is applied because it is not only suitable with the design location, but also very concerned about the elements of locality in the area, and intended to preserve and introduce the rich cultural heritage of Karo District to the general public. Keywords: Neo Vernacular, Architecture, Leisure, Park, Tongging INTRODUCTION Specifically, in Indonesia, the Indonesia is a country that is rich in government through the Ministry of Tourism tourism potential, because it has a lot of natural selected ten priority destinations in Indonesia. beauty and cultural heritage. The tourism These ten tourist destinations are expected to sector in Indonesia is not only an important be able to bring millions of tourists every year part of economic development for the country and continue to increase in the following years. and its people, but also increases the welfare of One of the ten destinations is Lake Toba in the local community. Tourism also aims to North Sumatra. In some locations around Lake improve the quality of life of tourists through Toba, there are still some that have not been various activities carried out such as resting, optimized as tourist destinations. One of them relaxing, recreation, and increasing the level of is Tongging Village, in Karo District. knowledge and insight on something new. Tongging Village is a village that is famous for Tourism now grows with increasing income its beautiful scenery because it is located and the quality of life of the global community directly on the edge of Lake Toba, and is the which makes travel is a basic necessity [1]. closest location from the city of Medan if we want to feel and enjoy the beautiful scenery of Lake Toba. According to [2], place identity in In modern times, the tourism sector is Karo tourism area is very important in increasingly becoming a mainstay for many increasing tourism. Therefore, if place identity countries to sustain the pace of the economy. in Karo tourism area is not improved and Increasingly high human needs for a vacation, optimized, Karo District would be left behind relaxing, enjoy entertainment and the desire to from other tourism areas. share holiday experiences to social media make countries put the tourism sector as one of According to the Big Indonesian the top priority sources of state revenue. One Dictionary [3], parks have meaning, namely 1. of the developments of the tourism sector is Gardens planted with flowers and so on (a the construction of a tourist attraction. place to have fun); 2. Place (which is fun and 32 Tongging Leisure Park with Neo-Vernacular M. Fathur Rahman Architecture Approach Nurlisa Ginting so on); 3 Seats for brides (which are decorated Tongging Leisure Park is also a place for with flowers and so on). Parks is a "garden" tourists to learn about Karo culture through the planted with flowers, etc. and a place to have various facilities provided. According to [8], fun. A park is a place that is planned or culture is a complex entity that contains deliberately planned to be made by humans, knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laws and usually outdoors, made to display the beauty of customs that exist in one place. So that when various plants and natural shapes. Parks can be tourists understand all this, it will increase divided into natural parks and artificial parks. public awareness of the importance of culture Parks that are often found are residential parks, to the local community who live in the area. neighborhood parks, playgrounds, recreational The concept of Neo-vernacular architecture parks, and botanical parks. can also support the quality of life of the local community from an economic perspective Leisure, which means the same as because the preservation of cultural heritage "recreation" from the English word, which which is the main objective can be an comes from the verb "to recreation". "Re" attraction for heritage tourism and increase which means to restore, and Create. So local and foreign tourists to come to Karo according to its origin, recreation means District. reinventing. From this meaning, it can be said The Neo-vernacular Architecture that leisure or recreation is the activity of theme applied to the design of the Tongging creating something related to one's joy or Leisure Park is interpreted through the pleasure, which aims to regain creativity. characteristics of the traditional Karo Batak According to [4], recreation is also pursuits building applied to the design. In undertaken in free time. Recreational pursuits understanding traditional Karo architecture, include home-based activities such as reading there are several important things that must be and watching television, and those outside the considered, especially in the philosophy and home including sports, theatre, cinema and the way the building responds to the climate on tourism. the site. According to [9], Karo architectural space is full of meaning that describes the life Neo-vernacular architecture is one of of the Karo community. Karo people usually the ideas or flow that developed in the Post create architectural spaces not only for living Modern era, namely the flow of architecture humans but also for something invisible that that emerged in the mid-1960s. Post Modern exists in the world and lives side by side with was born due to the modern era arising from them. According to [10], traditional Batak protests from architects against monotonous Karo buildings such as Si Waluh Jabu, are very memorable patterns, and loss of identity of responsive to the climate, especially to the place or location, due to the determination or wind. This can be seen from the way the Batak selection of forms rational-geometric without Karo people determine the site layout and looking at aspects of history or locality [5]. construction elements of buildings that are Neo-vernacular architecture usually manifests potentially responsive to winds on Karo land. in original environments dominated by vernacular architecture, where the environment is used as a source of inspiration in designing METHOD architecture [6]. Neo Vernacular's architecture itself takes its name from the vernacular, The design method applied to the which applies cultural elements to its design is the Glass Box method, which is a architectural physical but is modernized and rational thinking method that is carried out adapted to the place where the building was objectively and has clear objectives. A design built. method that can be traced clearly the process of a design from start to finish. There are The concept of Neo-vernacular several stages that need to be considered in architecture applied to the Tongging Leisure designing the Tongging Leisure Park project, It Park is intended to preserve and introduce the can be described through several stages, (1) rich cultural heritage of Karo District to the Location selection method: Collecting data in general public. Apart from being a leisure the form of functions and theme of the destination for local and foreign tourists, the 33 Tongging Leisure Park with Neo-Vernacular M. Fathur Rahman Architecture Approach Nurlisa Ginting building to be built, and then look for an [12], a place is a “space” that has its existing location that matches the planned characteristics and special atmosphere, which functions and themes. (2) Solving the design is not obtained from other places. This is all problem approach method: Collecting and felt through the five senses and its nature is not explain existing data based on clear facts. And abstract. To create this place condition, two then the data is analyzed to produce a elements are interconnected, namely nature conclusion, namely the design concept. and culture. The "nature" element is related to Neo RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Vernacular architecture because it is rooted in vernacular architecture which in the past The project site is located in Tongging followed and respected the characteristics of Village, Merek District, Karo Regency. The the place where the building was built, such as area of the design is 6,4 hectares. The existing climate and topography. location on the site is the paddy field. The macro design area is located between the The “culture” is a way of life that is districts around the Lake Toba Tourism Area, owned by the people in certain places that have Aceh Province, and several other districts in become ingrained and passed on to their the northern part of North Sumatra Province families. This is formed because it is (Figure 1). influenced by various elements, such as religion, politics, customs, language, and others. Each place has a different culture so that culture can become its own identity in each place, such as the characteristics of the traditional buildings and socio-cultural.
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