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392 Alignment Behind the Median Structure. the Lack of Rural alignment behind the median structure. The lack of rural settlements, dating toward Historia Augusta relates to this event, as follows: “he wanted to create the end of the 2nd century A.D. leads to this idea. Acceptance of local communities Marcomannia and Sarmatia as Roman provinces, and would have done this if not establishment was recorded in the mentality of that period as an important event for the riots caused by Avidius Cassius in Orient...”. This statement suggests the since Cassius Dio mentions it in connection with the legatus during Severianus, chronology of the event, precisely when the two provinces were organised in between 180–182. The fetching of those 12,000 Dacians can be stated in relation barbaricum, event decided by Marcus Aurelius somewhere around 177, when the with their settlement in the space they knew between the defense structures and riot of Avidius Cassius took place. Tisza River. What remains unclear is the extent planned for the territory of Sarmatia Although barbarian military incidents near the new province are reported in province towards South. But, in ancient times this fact was known by the 107–108, to culminate in 117/118 when the whole of Dacia was affected by barbarians living in this area. The Yazyges Sarmaths started to push southwards in Yazyges attacks, Roxolana and Free Dacians, the province was pacified with great the territory between Tisza and Danube, trying to avoid to be integrated within the difficulty by Q. Marcius Turbo. Roman province. This would explain their migration southwards in the space situated During the reign of Antoninus Pius (138–161) the first signs of massive where Mureş meets Tisza. Under this Sarmathian pressure, the populations barbarian movements at the borders of the European Empire appear. The two free inhabiting the area will try to take cover East of Tisza. Indigenous local communities Dacian incursions over the provinces Moesia Superior and Moesia Inferior (in of this area could not force their entrance into Pannonia Inferior, but could approach 143–144) and then in Dacia (155–156) required the withdrawal of an important the territories East of Tisza, where they settled. The Yazyges advanced on the number of auxiliary troops from Dacia south of the Danube in Moesia Superior and territory and came closer to the south of “the bag”, towards Danube. even Lower Moesia. On the other hand, in this ancient part of Banat a structural Local indigenous settlements in this area were seen themselves forced to reorganisation occurred whereby three major military fortifications on the western retreat East towards Tisza, to be rescued. These population movements must have border Porolissum, Micia and Tibiscum (the last two on the territory of south-west) determined in the space between the Tisza and Danube, some military conflicts that became major military centers with three or more regular and irregular auxiliaries have resulted in military intervention in Dacia for peacekeeping and finally solving units. They relied mostly on cavalry troops that could intervene quickly against the problem by accepting local communities near the province borders. In this Sarmatian and free Dacians. At the same time, as it appears along the Tibiscum respect, the first clue comes from Dio Cassius who mentiones, that during the Roman Lederata alignment at a distance of 18–25 km to the West a new defence structure legatus C. Vettius Sabinianus Iulius Hospes (180–182), 12.000 free Dacia and were was built adapted to the terrain, exceeding Mureş line towards north somewhere in allowed to settle in Dacia province, being banished from their habitat. The areas the corner of the north western Dacia. In south western Dacia several custom points where they settled are not clear so far. What is clear is that the establisment of were installed mentioned partly in the time of Antoninus Pius. N. Gudea rightly these communities was made with Roman permission, because they perceived this supposes the presence of several custom points along the Danube, epigraphically sedentary population as a stability factor. Argumentation that sustains the closeness attested, namely: Moldova Noua, along Dierna, and towards the interior of the to the median defence system, is that it delineated the south western limes of Dacia province at Pons Augusti. Two other customs points follow the Mureş River: Micia in this sector. Archaeological discoveries undertaken in the south-west of Dacia, in and Partiscum (Szeged) at the confluence of the Tisza with Mureş. Recently, another the space between Tisza and the median defence system, confirms this situation. custom point has been epigraphically identified at Tibiscum by vilicus Hermes. The settlement of Freidorf–Timişoara is approx. 1000 m west of the Roman weave, In this context, analysis of archaeological sources of information alongside while that from Dumbrăviţa at less than 500 m. the numismatic ones lead to the assumption that in the first half of the 2nd century Following Marcommani wars, the Romans had to give up their policy that and up to the Marcomanic wars in the plains of the Banat Romans have not allowed along the western border of Dacia facing the defence system to create a terra deserta the establishment of rural barbaric settlements, whether Dacian or Sarmathian. till Tisza, situation imposed since the Roman conquest. Rural settlements were nd The impact of Marcomanic wars (167–180) on the south western Dacia affected only archeologically found, dating toward the end of the 2 century, confirming the Roman forts from Micia and Tibiscum and civil settlements in the area. this hypothesis. Acceptance of such a situation must have been determined by the The military situation of the Tisza and Danube space does not appear too pressure of some tribes such as the Sarmatian, which in turn have deployed other clearly evidentiated in the time of Marcomanic wars in terms of population local tribes of Celts-Pannonian and Dacians that occupied this territory, as the movements. We can observe the advancement towards South of the Iazyges tribes settlement of Čurug. under pressure probably due to other tribes or other military situations. This situation Severs dynasty existence marks a positive development in the province. could have been determined by another event, the threat to include the territory Dacia troops from both legions and auxiliary units participated in the campaigns of inhabitated by the Sarmats into Sarmatia province as part of barbaricum, alongside both East and West Empire during the reign of Septimius Severus, Caracalla, Marcomania as Marcus Aurelius planned. Severus Alexander. These dinasties are rated as the most faithful new dinasties, 392 393.
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