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Durham E-Theses The evolution of roman frontier defence systems and fortications the lower danube provinces in the rst and second centuries AD Karavas, John How to cite: Karavas, John (2001) The evolution of roman frontier defence systems and fortications the lower danube provinces in the rst and second centuries AD, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3957/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 THE EVOLUTION OF ROMAN FRONTIER DEFENCE SYSTEMS AND FORTIFICATIONS IN THE LO\VER DANUBE PROVINCES IN THE FIRST AND SECOND CENTURIES AD Volume II JOHN KARA VAS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published in any form, including Electronic and the Internet, without the author's prior written consent. All information derived from this thesis must be acknowledged appropriately. Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classics and Ancient History University of Durham Epiphany 2001 ABBREVIATIONS AA Archaeologia Aeliana ACMIT Anuarul Cornisiunii Monumentelor Jstorice sectia pentru Transilvania ActaAntHung Acta Antiqua Acaderniae Scientiarum Hungaricae ActaArchHung Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae ArchHung Dissertationes archaeologicae Musei Nationalis Hugarici a concils archaeologorum Academiae Scientiarurn Hungaricae reductae · ActaClDebrec Acta Classica Universitatis Scientiarum Debreceniensis AE L 'Annie Epigraphique AErt Archaeologiai Ertesito AIJA Anuarul Jnstitutului de Istorie si Arheologie din Cluj-Napoca AISC Anuarullnstitutului de Studii Clasice Alba Regia Alba Regia. 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Limeskongress 14 Akten des 14. Internationalen Limeskongresses 1986 in Carnuntum. Der romische Limes in Osterreich 3612 ( 1990) Limeskongress 15 Roman Frontier Studies 1989. Proceedings of the XVth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies (1991 ). - [Canterbury] 3 Limeskongress 16 Roman Frontier Studies 1995. Proceedings of the XVIth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies ( 1997). Limeskongress 17 Proceedings of the I ih International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies, Zalau 1997 (in print) Marisia Marisia. Muzeul Judetean Mures Materiale Materiale si Cercetari Arheologice Materij"ali Materijali. Arheolosko Drustvo Jugoslavije Muzeul National Muzeul National. Muzeul de Istorie a R.S. Romania Oltenia Oltenia. Studii si comunicari de Istorie Osjecki Zbornik Osjecki Zbornik Pontica Pontica. Studii si comunicari de istorie, arheologie si muzeografie. Muzeul de Istoria Nationala si Arheologie Constanta Potaissa Potaissa. Studii si comunicari. Muzeul de lstorie Orasenesc Turda Ratiarensia Ratiarensia. Studi e Materiali Mesisci e Danubiani RlSBC Revista Institutului Social Banat-Crisana RPh Revue pe Philologie RVM Rad Vojvodjanskih Muzeja Sargetia Acta Muzei Devensis. Buletinul Judetului Hunedoara, Deva SClV(A) Studii si Cercetari de Istorie Veche (si Archeologie) Sirmiwn I Sirmium I: Archaeological excavations in Syrmian Pannonia (1971) Slv!MlA'f Studii si Materiale de Muzeografie si lstorie Militara SovArh Sovjetskaya Arheologij"a Specimina Nova Specimina Nova. Dissertationum Instituto Historico Universitatis Quinqueecclesiensis de lana Pannonio nominatae Starinar Starinar Srpskog Arheoloskog Drustva Studii. Revista de istoria Studii. Revista de Istorie, Bucuresti Tab.Peut. Tabula Peutingeriana. Ed. E. Weber (1976) Thraco-Dacica Thraco-Dacica. Institutul de Thracologie Tibiscus Tibiscus. 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