DOCSLIB.ORG

Harttimo 1.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Harttimo 1.Pdf Beyond the River, under the Eye of Rome Ethnographic Landscapes, Imperial Frontiers, and the Shaping of a Danubian Borderland by Timothy Campbell Hart A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Greek and Roman History) in the University of Michigan 2017 Doctoral Committee: Professor David S. Potter, Co-Chair Professor Emeritus Raymond H. Van Dam, Co-Chair Assistant Professor Ian David Fielding Professor Christopher John Ratté © Timothy Campbell Hart [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8640-131X For my family ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Developing and writing a dissertation can, at times, seem like a solo battle, but in my case, at least, this was far from the truth. I could not have completed this project without the advice and support of many individuals, most crucially, my dissertation co-chairs David S. Potter, and Raymond Van Dam. Ray saw some glimmer of potential in me and worked to foster it from the moment I arrived at Michigan. I am truly thankful for his support throughout the years and constant advice on both academic and institutional matters. In particular, our conversations about demographics and the movement of people in the ancient world were crucial to the genesis of this project. Throughout the writing process, Ray’s firm encouragement towards clarity of argument and style, while not always what I wanted to hear, have done much to make this a stronger dissertation. David Potter has provided me with a lofty academic model towards which to strive. I admire the breadth and depth of his scholarship; working and teaching with him have shown me much worth emulating. David has also been steadfast in his support of my research over the years, and I am particularly grateful for the role he played in facilitating a semester of study at the University of Vienna in 2015. While developing this dissertation, David’s cogent insights on Roman frontier policy, and jaundiced eye towards some of the sacred cows of ‘barbarian studies’ have been particularly helpful. Without his steady hand on the steering-oar, my fragile barque might long ago iii have gone to wreck and ruin on the shoals of academic controversy over ‘grand strategy’ and ‘barbarian ethnogenesis.’ I would also like to thank the other members of my dissertation committee: Christopher Ratté for guiding my archaeological thinking at the inception of this project, and Ian Fielding, whose insights on Ovidian reception in later antiquity helped me avoid some pitfalls, previously unseen. Thanks are also due to Ruth Scodel, Sara Forsdyke and the late Kweku Garbrah for teaching me proper ancient Greek, and to Ruth Caston, David Potter, and Bruce Frier for making sure my Latin didn’t slip. Ian Moyer deserves special thanks, as well. Our reading together during preliminary examinations provided me with an important skillset for thinking about ancient groups and identities, which has proven invaluable throughout the dissertation process. Looking backwards, I must also acknowledge a debt to my academic mentors at the University of Minnesota and Grinnell College. First, my M.A. advisor, Andrea Berlin deserves great thanks for showing me what excellent archaeology looks like in the field and in the classroom, and for her advice on shifting my primary focus from field archaeology to history writing. Thanks are also due to Bernard Bachrach and Peter Wells for opening a young scholar’s eyes to the worlds of late antiquity and Rome’s northern neighbors. Finally, I would not have ended up on this path without the support and encouragement of the Classics faculty at Grinnell College, most importantly Monessa Cummins, my undergraduate advisor. She taught me how to write academically and read Latin, and remains a pedagogical role model to this day. During the course of researching this dissertation, I have had the great privilege of traveling and studying overseas in Austria and Romania. Thanks are due first to the University of Michigan’s Rackham Graduate School, and to the departments of History and Classical Studies for providing iv generous funding in support of these ventures. I would also like to thank Bernhard Palme, who welcomed me to Vienna and made the Institut für Alte Geschichte und Altertumskunde feel like home. Fritz Mitthof also deserves thanks for his cogent feedback as I began the process of refining my dissertation from a vague collection of ideas into a viable, coherent project. In Romania, I must thank Doina Benea and Calin Timoc of the Universitatea de Vest, Timișoara, for welcoming me to Tibiscum with the best sort of rough, field hospitality. Conversations with them and others while excavating in 2014 were pivotal in helping me narrow my research focus, and taught me much about archaeology - and academia in general - in the contemporary Danubian world. Back in Ann Arbor, my friends and colleagues in Classical Studies, History, and Classical Archaeology have helped make the last seven years some of my happiest. I am particularly grateful to Jessica Stephens, Mike Leese, Graham Claytor, Jonathan McLaughlin, Beth Platte, and Jenn Finn, who made me feel a part of the IPGRH family from day one, and whose scholarly exempla I strive daily to emulate. Thank you also to Tiggy McLaughlin, my dauntless cohort-mate: a model historian and good friend every step of the way. To Amy Pistone, Jacqui Stimson, Nick Geller, and all my friends in the Angell-Kelsey community, I couldn’t have asked for better colleagues, comrades, and trivia teammates. You all have made my years at Michigan a pleasure. Special thanks, in particular, to Ann Cornel, my library companion during the final summer’s push. Your encouragement and timely, gardening-related distractions helped me maintain my sanity during a stressful period. Finally, I owe many debts to M.S.W., whose intelligence inspires me, and who continually encouraged me to see the world in new ways, to S.E.L., who reminded me to look for the poetry in the world, even when writing prose, and to M.M.M., without whose limitless support during my first decade of adulthood, none of this would have happened. v In the position of honor, at the end, I would like to thank my family. First, my cousin Chris Hart, who provided an early model of what a young academic could look like, and who wisely told me to never attend a grad school that didn’t want to pay me to be there! Thanks next to my brothers, Gabe and Matt, who occasionally managed to drag me away from my books as a child, and who, as adults, have done much to keep our family a close-knit one, while I’ve all-too-frequently had my nose back in the tomes. Gratitude is due also to my grandparents: to Jean and Harry Hart, who first put a copy of National Geographic in my young hands, and always encouraged me to explore a broader world, past and present, and to Alice and Robert McKay, who taught me to love horses and live close to the land. Finally, while words cannot really capture the debt of gratitude I owe to my parents, who have been unswerving in their support of my academic endeavors, I would like to thank my father, William Hart, for always standing as a model of calm dignity in a chaotic world, and for modeling an appreciation of nature’s power, both as a source of personal inspiration and as a shaper of human destinies. Last, a special thanks to my mother, Victoria McKay Hart, who has encouraged me to approach the world around me with both gratitude and a questioning eye for as long as I can remember, and who has always been eager to ‘talk history’ with her son. Our conversations - many and varied - have done much to help me clarify my own ideas, and continually remind me that there is a place for work like this in the broader world. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................................... xii LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................. xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................. xv NOTES .................................................................................................................................................... xvii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................... xviii PART I INTRODUCTION. .................................................................................................................................. 1 I. A River and an Ideology .................................................................................................................. 1 II. Borderlands and Frontiers .............................................................................................................. 5 0.2.2. The borderland matrix ........................................................................................................ 6 0.2.3. Theorizing Roman frontiers and borderlands ................................................................... 8 0.2.4. Towards a model of borderland processes for
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ancient Roman Admirals"
    RRROM@NROM@N N@VY Caius Duilius Columna rostrata (Szczebrzeszynski, Wikipedia, Creative Commons). NAVIGARE NECESSE EST Non solo per gli appassionati di storia navale, ma per tutti gli amanti del mare e della classicità, ed in particolare per coloro che, come me, non sanno sottrarsi al fascino della civiltà romana. di DOMENICO CARRO Introduzione (in Italiano): genesi e nome di questo sito Web. Parte I VETRINA « CLASSICA» sulla storia navale e marittima dell'antica Roma (in Italiano): elementi relativi alla ricerca che da diversi anni sto conducendo al fine di pervenire ad una migliore messa a fuoco degli aspetti navali e marittimi del mondo romano. Dati sulle pubblicazioni maggiori (situazione e progetti) e bibliografia delle fonti antiche. Parte II ROMA MARITTIMA - Roma Eterna sul mare (in Italiano, con un po' di Francese e un po' di Inglese): altri miei contributi alla ricostruzione della storia navale e marittima dell'antica Roma e alla conoscenza dei Romani che si sono illustrati sul mare. Contiene alcuni saggi, qualche altro scritto minore e una bibliografia di fonti moderne. Parte III TESTI ANTICHI (in Italiano e Latino): alcuni scritti poco conosciuti, che trattano questioni navali o marittime secondo gli usi degli antichi Romani. Parte IV CONTRIBUTI ESTERNI (in Italiano): spazio predisposto per ospitare scritti di altri autori, quali ulteriori contributi alla conoscenza della storia navale e marittima dell'antica Roma. Parte V GALLERIA NAVALE (in Italiano): selezione di immagini navali romane (affreschi, mosaici, bassorilievi, sculture, monete e altri reperti) pubblicate su «Classica» o sulla Rete. Accreditamenti (titoli in Italiano e Inglese; commenti in Italiano): Guida alle risorse Internet d'interesse per la ricerca di altri elementi relativi alla storia navale e marittima dell'antica Roma.
    [Show full text]
  • People, Plagues, and Prices in the Roman World: the Evidence from Egypt
    People, Plagues, and Prices in the Roman World: The Evidence from Egypt KYLE HARPER The papyri of Roman Egypt provide some of the most important quantifiable data from a first-millennium economy. This paper builds a new dataset of wheat prices, land prices, rents, and wages over the entire period of Roman control in Egypt. Movements in both nominal and real prices over these centuries suggest periods of intensive and extensive economic growth as well as contraction. Across a timeframe that covers several severe mortality shocks, demographic changes appear to be an important, but by no means the only, force behind changes in factor prices. his article creates and analyzes a time series of wheat and factor Tprices for Egypt from AD 1 to the Muslim conquest, ~AD 641. From the time the territory was annexed by Octavian in 30 BCE until it was permanently taken around AD 641, Egypt was an important part of the Roman Empire. Famously, it supplied grain for the populations of Rome and later Constantinople, but more broadly it was integrated into the culture, society, and economy of the Roman Mediterranean. While every province of the sprawling Roman Empire was distinctive, recent work stresses that Egypt was not peculiar (Bagnall 1993; Rathbone 2007). Neither its Pharaonic legacy, nor the geography of the Nile valley, make it unrepresentative of the Roman world. In one crucial sense, however, Roman Egypt is truly unique: the rich- ness of its surviving documentation. Because of the valley’s arid climate, tens of thousands of papyri, covering the entire spectrum of public and private documents, survive from the Roman period (Bagnall 2009).
    [Show full text]
  • Reshaping East Roman Diplomacy with Barbarians During the 5Th Century
    Chapter 1 From Hegemony to Negotiation: Reshaping East Roman Diplomacy with Barbarians during the 5th Century Audrey Becker Introduction During the first half of the 4th century ad, thanks to their military power, the Romans had been giving the barbarian tribes bordering the Danube and the Rhine no choice but to accept the conclusion of deditio after losing the war, leav- ing them in a very humiliating position.1 Yet, the military and political events of the second half of the 4th century ad, and even more of the 5th century ad, led the Romans to reconsider their relationship with the barbarian tribes.2 The characteristics of diplomatic relationship changed even before the defeat at Andrinople in 378, because the barbarian tribes, in the middle of the 4th cen- tury, gradually became able to restore the balance of power, leading the Eastern Roman Empire to reconsider its relations with its barbarian neighbours. This compelled the Byzantine Empire, from the end of the 4th century onward, to take into account barbarian leaders or kings who became, at that time, real dip- lomatic actors playing, of necessity, with formal rules of diplomatic protocol to 1 For instance, Constantinus with the Sarmatians in 323: Zosimus, Historia Nova 2.21.3, ed.Paschoud (Paris, 2000), p. 92; Julian in 358 with the Alemanni kings Suomarius and Hor- tarius: Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae 17.10.3, ed. Sabbah (Paris, 1989), p. 64; Ammianus Marcellinus 17.10.9, p. 66; Constantius ii, in 358 as well, with the kings of the Sarmatians and Quadi: Ammianus Marcellinus 17.12.9–16, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Surveying in Obuda Excavations
    SURVEYING IN OBUDA EXCAVATIONS By F. NOEH Department of Surveying, Institute of Geodesy, Surveying and Photogrammetry, Technical University, Budapest Received: ~ovember 15, 1976 Presented by Prof, Dr. Lajos HO)IORODL Director Branches of industry and SCIence where geodesy and related knowledge find an application include archaeology and monuments preservation. There is, howeyer, a scarcity of publicatious on geodesy in archaeology. The more inter­ esting seems to be an account of geodesy aspects of archaeological excavations in Obuda, now a district of Budapest. The first professional archaeological excavation in Hungary was made exactly in 6buda, near the actual FI6rian ter, where in 1778 Istvan Sch6nvisner excavated ruins of a Roman bath known actually to have belonged to the Roman castrum in Aquincum. Half a century later, excayations were under­ taken in the area of the civil town Aquincum near the actual Aquincum museum, and auother half a century later, track construction of the Szentendre district railways detected a Roman aqueduct connecting these two spots, highlighting archaeological excavations. By the turn of the century, the search for Fe/z€regyhaza, mediaeval predecessor of 6buda, and for the tomb of con­ quering Arpad, and in general, investigation of mediaeval settlement structures came to the foreground; planned, wide-range archeological research in 6buda dates from the World War I years. Since then, archacologicai work was multi­ faceted, purposeful, but concentrated at given spots. Most sensational excava­ tions of this period are the amphitheatrum in N agyszombat-utca, the palace of Roman pro consuls in the Shipyard Island, the mosaic-decorated Villa Her­ culea in Meggyfa utca, and th~ Aquincum ruin field itself, illustrative of gran­ deur and life of the Roman civilian town of quondam.
    [Show full text]
  • Germania TEG1 8/2/2004 2:52 PM Page 16 TEG1 8/2/2004 2:52 PM Page 17
    TEG1 8/2/2004 2:52 PM Page 15 Part I Germania TEG1 8/2/2004 2:52 PM Page 16 TEG1 8/2/2004 2:52 PM Page 17 1 Land and People The Land The heartland of the immense area of northern Europe occupied by the early Germanic peoples was the great expanse of lowland which extends from the Netherlands to western Russia. There are no heights here over 300 metres and most of the land rises no higher than 100 metres. But there is considerable variety in relief and soil conditions. Several areas, like the Lüneburg Heath and the hills of Schleswig-Holstein, are diverse in both relief and landscape. There was until recent times a good deal of marshy ground in the northern parts of the great plain, and a broad belt of coastal marshland girds it on its northern flank. Several major rivers drain the plain, the Ems, Weser and Elbe flowing into the North Sea, the Oder and the Vistula into the Baltic. Their broad valleys offered attrac- tive areas for early settlement, as well as corridors of communication from south to north. The surface deposits on the lowland largely result from successive periods of glaciation. A major influence on relief are the ground moraines, comprising a stiff boulder clay which produces gently undu- lating plains or a terrain of small, steep-sided hills and hollows, the latter often containing small lakes and marshes, as in the area around Berlin. Other features of the relief are the hills left behind by terminal glacial moraines, the sinuous lakes which are the remains of melt-water, and the embayments created by the sea intruding behind a moraine.
    [Show full text]
  • Cgpt1; MAGNA GERMANIA; CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY BOOK 2, CHAPTER 10; FACT OR FICTION
    cgPt1; MAGNA GERMANIA; CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY BOOK 2, CHAPTER 10; FACT OR FICTION SYNOPSIS The locations of some +8000 settlements and geographical features are included within the text of Claudius Ptolemy‟s „Geographia‟. To control the text and ensure readers understood the methodology there-in utilised it is evident that Claudius Ptolemy determined a strict order and utilisation of the information he wished to disseminate. That strict methodology is maintained through the first 9 chapters of Book 2, but the 10th chapter breaks all of the rules that had been established. Chapters 11 to 15 then return to the established pattern. Magna Germania was basically unknown territory and in such a situation Claudius Ptolemy was able to ignore any necessity to guess thus leaving an empty landscape as is evinced in Book 3, chapter 5, Sarmatian Europe. Why in an unknown land there are 94 settlements indicated in Germania when the 3 provinces of Gallia have only a total of 114 settlements, is a mystery? And, why does Claudius Ptolemy not attribute a single settlement to a tribal group? It appears there are other factors at play, which require to be investigated. BASIC PTOLEMY When analysing a map drawn from the data provided by Claudius Ptolemy it is first necessary to ensure that it is segregated into categories. Those are; 1) reliable information i.e. probably provided via the Roman Army Cosmographers and Geometres; 2) the former information confirmed or augmented by various itineraries or from Bematists; 3) the possibility of latitudinal measurements from various settlements (gnomon ratios); 4) basic travellers tales with confirmed distances „a pied‟; 5) basic sailing distances along coastlines and those which can be matched to land distances; 6) guesses made by travellers who did not actually record the days travelled but only the length of time for the overall journey; 7) obscure references from ancient texts which cannot be corroborated.
    [Show full text]
  • Bullard Eva 2013 MA.Pdf
    Marcomannia in the making. by Eva Bullard BA, University of Victoria, 2008 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Greek and Roman Studies Eva Bullard 2013 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee Marcomannia in the making by Eva Bullard BA, University of Victoria, 2008 Supervisory Committee Dr. John P. Oleson, Department of Greek and Roman Studies Supervisor Dr. Gregory D. Rowe, Department of Greek and Roman Studies Departmental Member iii Abstract Supervisory Committee John P. Oleson, Department of Greek and Roman Studies Supervisor Dr. Gregory D. Rowe, Department of Greek and Roman Studies Departmental Member During the last stages of the Marcommani Wars in the late second century A.D., Roman literary sources recorded that the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius was planning to annex the Germanic territory of the Marcomannic and Quadic tribes. This work will propose that Marcus Aurelius was going to create a province called Marcomannia. The thesis will be supported by archaeological data originating from excavations in the Roman installation at Mušov, Moravia, Czech Republic. The investigation will examine the history of the non-Roman region beyond the northern Danubian frontier, the character of Roman occupation and creation of other Roman provinces on the Danube, and consult primary sources and modern research on the topic of Roman expansion and empire building during the principate. iv Table of Contents Supervisory Committee .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Varipos 250S+270S 20191115
    Smart Dual Hinged design for the ultimate flexibility 250 S / 270S Features Flexibility meets demand with Hidden Cable Management - dual hinged stand allowing extreme tilt Keeping Everything Organized Easy adjustment providing a solid platform allowing extremely The Dual Hinge Stand provides hidden cable management flexible height and angle adjustment. The stand can be folded flat channels to organize & reduce clutter when connecting or adjusted to any view angle providing maximum comfort and power & accessory cables; the cables are concealed within optimal efficiency to the POS Operation. the stand and covered with a securing plate maintaining the aesthetic look. Powerful and Flexible VariIO I/O Box Connectivity - The Ideal Simplified Installation and Serviceability Retail-Ready Solution Simplified Installation and Serviceability is designed into the VariPOS 250S / 270S providing quick and easy service for routine VariPOS250S / 270S can be combined with the dedicated VariIO I/O maintenance schedules significantly reducing engineer onsite visit Box offering the standard I/O connections plus Point of Sale specific time. VariIO I/O Box connected by a single custom high speed connections for Powered POS peripherals. The Extendable I/O USB Type C connector can easily be disconnected leaving the I/O capability meets multiple project specification with simple onboard and peripherals in place panel I/O, advanced VariIO I/O Box functionality & basic I/O box compatibility. Detailed features Ultra-flexible Dual-hinge Design for Compact & Stylish Systems Intel 6th Generation Celeron i3, i5 high-end processors in a fanless structure True flat 15” 4:3 LCD, 400 nits / 17’’ 5:4 LCD, 400 nits (LED backlight) with IP66 protection.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Construction, Labor, and Society at Middle Republican Rome, 390-168 B.C
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Men at Work: Public Construction, Labor, and Society at Middle Republican Rome, 390-168 B.C. Seth G. Bernard University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, and the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation Bernard, Seth G., "Men at Work: Public Construction, Labor, and Society at Middle Republican Rome, 390-168 B.C." (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 492. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/492 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/492 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Men at Work: Public Construction, Labor, and Society at Middle Republican Rome, 390-168 B.C. Abstract MEN AT WORK: PUBLIC CONSTRUCTION, LABOR, AND SOCIETY AT MID-REPUBLICAN ROME, 390-168 B.C. Seth G. Bernard C. Brian Rose, Supervisor of Dissertation This dissertation investigates how Rome organized and paid for the considerable amount of labor that went into the physical transformation of the Middle Republican city. In particular, it considers the role played by the cost of public construction in the socioeconomic history of the period, here defined as 390 to 168 B.C. During the Middle Republic period, Rome expanded its dominion first over Italy and then over the Mediterranean. As it developed into the political and economic capital of its world, the city itself went through transformative change, recognizable in a great deal of new public infrastructure.
    [Show full text]
  • The Signs of the Times, Vol. 12 (1886)
    The Signs of the Times, Vol. 12 (1886) January 7, 1886 "The Ostrogoths and the Visigoths" The Signs of the Times 12, 1 , p. 4. THE peace which Constantine forced upon the Gothic nation in A.D. 331, continued for a period of thirty years. For the proper understanding of the further progress of our subject, it now becomes necessary to clearly define the distinction that existed between the two great divisions of the Gothic nation–the Ostro [Eastern] Goths, and the Visi [Western] Goths. As a matter of act this distinction existed from the earliest times of which we have any knowledge of the nation. "The Ostro and Visi, the eastern and western Goths, obtained those denominations from their original seats in Scandinavia. In all their future marches and settlements they preserved, with their names, the same relative situation."–Dec. and Fall, chap. 10, par. 8, note. Although this distinction was ever observed amongst them as a people, yet in all their wanderings and in all their expeditions, from the time they left the Baltic till the period of which we now treat, A.D. 361,–they were united and acted as one people. Now, however, we shall find them separated, and with the exception of a short interval, never more united. During the thirty years' peace with the Empire (A.D. 331-361), and under Hermanric, the last king of the united nation, the Gothic power was spread from the River Danube and the Black Sea to the Baltic. Of this we read:– "During a peaceful interval of thirty years, the Romans secured their frontiers, and the Goths extended their dominions.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Website Archelogia Bulga
    ARCHAEOLOGIA BULGARICA XV 2011 #3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ARTICLES Nankov, E.: Berenike Bids Farewell to Seuthes III: e Silver-Gilt Scallop Shell Pyxis from the Golyama Kosmatka Tumulus ........................................................................................1 Radoslavova, G. / Dzanev, G. / Nikolov, N.: e Battle at Abritus in AD 251: Written Sources, Archaeological and Numismatic Data ...........................................................................................23 Curta, F. / Gândilă, A.: Too Much Typology, Too Little History: A Critical Approach to the Classi cation and Interpretation of Cast Fibulae with Bent Stem..............................................51 Cholakov, I. / Chukalev, K.: Statistics on the Archaeological Surveys in Bulgaria, 2006-2010 ..........................83 REVIEWS ARCHAEOLOGIA BULGARICA appears three times a year (20 x 28 cm, ca. 100 pages per number) and Slawisch, A.: Die Grabsteine der römischen Provinz racia. Aufnahme, Verarbeitung und Weitergabe provides a publishing forum for research in archaeology in the broadest sense of the term. ere are no überregionaler Ausdrucksmittel am Beispiel der Grabsteine einer Binnenprovinz zwischen Ost und West. restrictions as to time and territory but the emphasis is on Southeastern Europe. Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach, 2007. (Ivanov, M.) ................................................................................................97 Objective: interdisciplinary research of archaeology. Contents: articles and reviews. Languages: English, German
    [Show full text]
  • Jobs in Roman Spain
    JOBS IN ROMAN SPAIN Leonard A. Curchin A l'économie? L'épitaphe peut-être révélera un métier ignoré. (Marc Bloch, Apologie pour l'histoire [Paris 1952] 73) While the range of occupations attested for residents of the city of Rome has been the subject of several studies,1 considerably less attention has been focused upon jobs in the provinces. This disparity may be due partly to an understandably greater interest in the imperial capital than in peripheral regions, but also and perhaps chiefly to the fact that the columbaria of Rome provide convenient, "closed" samples of inscriptions from a single city within limited chronological bounds, whereas the epigraphic evidence (which is by far the largest segment of testimony)2 for provincial jobs, being scattered over vast geographical tracts and extensive periods of time, is far less diagnostic. An analysis of the epitaphs from a single provincial city would in most cases yield only a handful of jobs, while an attempted study of a chronologically restricted sample would be considerably impeded by our inability to date closely the majority of the inscriptions. For better or worse, then, all the inscriptions of a province or region should be studied as a whole, preferably in constant comparison with avail- able literary and iconographie evidence, and the provincial historian may thereby hope to reap a large selection of job titles from his chosen bailiwick.3 32 33 The present paper examines the types of jobs attested for the residents of Spain from the advent of the Romans in the late third century B.C.
    [Show full text]