(Print and Print + Digital MODEL ENGINEERING Subscriptions Only) FREE A FOUNDATION COURSE by Peter Wright BOOK??? Vol. 214 No. 4510 • 12 - 25 June 2015 FOR ALL NEW UK SUBSCRIBERS*

Join our online community www.model-engineer.co.uk LBSC COVER FEATURE HONOURED The Harrogate Otto Exhibition Four Stroke Engine

WORKSHOP PROJECT Improving a Sheet Metal Machine

£3.60

A Tour of American ENGINEERING GROUP Steam Railroads

THE ORIGINAL MAGAZINE FOR MODEL ENGINEERS

882 886

Published by MyTimeMedia Ltd. Enterprise House, Enterprise Way, Edenbridge, Kent TN8 6HF Tel: 0844 412 2262 From outside UK: +44 (0)1689 869840 www.model-engineer.co.uk SUBSCRIPTIONS UK - New, Renewals & Enquiries Tel: +44(0)1858 438798 Email: [email protected] USA & CANADA - New, Renewals & Enquiries Tel: (001)-866-647-9191 REST OF WORLD - New, Renewals & Enquiries Tel: +44 (0)1689 869896 Email: [email protected] BACK ISSUES & BINDERS Tel: 0844 848 8822 From outside UK: +44 2476 322234 Vol. 214 No. 4510 12 - 25 June 2015 Email: [email protected] Website: www.myhobbystore.co.uk MODEL ENGINEERING PLANS Tel: 0844 848 8822 858 SMOKE RINGS 882 REFINING A COMBINATION From outside UK: +44 2476 322234 News, views and comment SHEET METALWORK MACHINE Website: www.myhobbystore.co.uk/me-plans on the world of model engineering. Graham Astbury improves a 3 in 1 EDITORIAL combination machine of shear, Editor: Diane Carney Tel: +44 (0)1539 564750 859 MAKING A HOOK press brake and roll. Email: [email protected] GREEN STREET Tehnical Assistant: Stewart Hart Ashley Best details his 886 GALLERY NEW FEATURE PRODUCTION award winning diorama. In the first of this occasional series Designer: Yvette Green Illustrator: Grahame Chambers Gordon Barber showcases his model Retouching Manager: Brian Vickers 864 PATRIOTISM of a Croft Mill Engine. Ad Production: Robin Gray The Royal Army Ordnance Corps ADVERTISING Alan Crossfield describes his 887 AMERICAN JOURNEY Senior Account Manager: Duncan Armstrong DOE winning 5 inch gauge Patriot. OF DISCOVERY Email: [email protected] Rhys Owen visits Colorado to see Tel: 0844 848 5238 Online Sales: Ben Rayment 868 OTTO FOUR STROKE ENGINE how the Americans do things. Email: [email protected] Jan Ridders designs and Tel: 0844 848 5240 illustrates a well mannered engine. 890 LBSC HONOURED MARKETING & SUBSCRIPTIONS BLUE PLAQUE UNVEILED Subscription Manager: 872 IDRIS: A 16mm LOCOMOTIVE Mike Chrisp describes this Kate Scott FOR A NOVICE ENGINEER recent event. MANAGEMENT Martin Ranson turns to Head of Design & Production: Julie Miller locomotive building. 892 POSTBAG Group Advertising Manager: Rhona Bolger Email: [email protected] Readers’ letters. Tel: 01689 869891 876 INTERNAL COMBUSTION: Chief Executive: Owen Davies THEORY AND PRACTICE 894 URMSTON & DISTRICT MES Chairman: Peter Harkness Ron Wright presents an in-depth OPEN DAY course on understanding I/C. Young member, Billy Stock, organises a three day event. 878 THE HARROGATE EXHIBITION 2015 896 GARRETT 4CD TRACTOR © MyTimeMedia Ltd. 2015 Diane Carney reviews this IN 6 INCH SCALE All rights reserved ISSN 0026-7325 popular Northern show. Chris Gunn makes the remaining The Publisher’s written consent must be obtained before any part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever, including photocopiers, valve gear components. and information retrieval systems. All reasonable care is taken in the preparation of the magazine contents, but the publishers cannot be held legally responsible for errors in the contents of this magazine or for any loss however arising from such errors, including loss resulting from negligence of our staff. Reliance placed 900 CLUB NEWS upon the contents of this magazine is at reader’s own risk. Geoff Theasby takes a look at

Model Engineer, ISSN 0026-7325, is published fortnightly with a third issue (Print and Print + Digital MODEL ENGINEERING Subscriptions Only) what is happening in the clubs. in May and October by MYTIMEMEDIA Ltd, Enterprise House, Enterprise Way, FREE A FOUNDATION COURSE by Peter Wright BOOK??? Vol. 214 No. 4510 • 12 - 25 June 2015 Edenbridge, Kent TN8 6HF, UK. The US annual subscription price is 70.95GBP FOR ALL NEW UK (equivalent to approximately 118USD). Airfreight and mailing in the USA by SUBSCRIBERS* agent named Air Business Ltd, c/o Worldnet Shipping Inc., 156-15, 146th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Jamaica, NY 11434, USA. Periodicals 903 DIARY postage paid at Jamaica NY 11431. US Postmaster: Send address changes Forthcoming events. to Model Engineer, Worldnet Shipping Inc., 156-15, 146th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Jamaica, NY 11434, USA. Subscription records are maintained at CDS GLOBAL Join our online community www.model-engineer.co.uk LBSC Ltd, Tower House, Sovereign Park, Market Harborough, Leicester, LE16 9EF. COVER FEATURE HONOURED Air Business Ltd is acting as our mailing agent. The Harrogate Exhibition Otto http://www.facebook.com/modelengineersworkshop Four Stroke Engine http://twitter.com/ WORKSHOP ON THE COVER... modelengineers PROJECT Improving a Sheet Metal Machine 1 Jamie Fearnely's 4 ⁄2 inch scale Foden lorry was in steam £3.60

A Tour of American ENGINEERING GROUP as part of the Harrogate Outdoor Steamers at the recent Steam Railroads exhibition of model engineering. First report on page 878. THE ORIGINAL MAGAZINE FOR MODEL ENGINEERS Photo by Mike Chrisp. ME4510 Cover.indd 847 28/05/2015 12:26 www.model-engineer.co.uk 849 GUILDFORD MODEL ENGINEERING SOCIETY THE 48th MODEL STEAM RALLY & EXHIBITION 2015 • Model Engineering • Model Aero Engines • and much more... Exhibition • Model Railways • Steam Train rides from 00 to 7¼” ADMISSION • Model Traction gauge Adults £8.00 Engines • Trade Stands Senior Citizen £7.00 • Model Boating • Refreshments Children under Pools FREE Car Parking 16 FREE

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www.subscription.co.uk/mdel/V767 0844Lines open weekdays543 82008am – 9.30pm & Saturday 8am – 4pm BT landline calls to 0844 numbers will cost no more than 5p per minute. Calls from mobiles usually cost more. Model engineering in Japan? I recently visited the National Model Engineering and Modelling Exhibition at Harrogate where, as well as thoroughly enjoying looking at the models on display, I took the opportunity to catch up with many friends made throughout the twenty-odd years of being involved in this hobby. I had many short and a few longer conversations with exhibitors and visitors and in The Chemin de Fer Touristique du Vermandois one of these the subject of Regular readers may recall the article a couple of years ago, model engineering in the Far in M.E. Issue 4459 (28 June 2013), featuring the Vermandois East came up. The person Tourist Railway in France. It has recently been announced that I was speaking with was of the boiler of 2-8-0 number 140-C-314, which was featured the opinion that 5 inch gauge in that article, has successfully passed its boiler examination locomotive building has and its recertifi cation will see it back in steam later this practically ceased altogether year. The CFTV (Chemin de Fer Touristique du Vermandois/ in Japan. I remember, not too Cercle Ferroviaire et Touristique du Vermandois) is based at many years ago, a friend of St. Quentin, Aisne, some 180km from the French end of the ours went (by invitation) to Channel Tunnel. Activities usually take place on a weekend Japan where he ran his 5 inch or during Thursday and the depot can be found in the Zone gauge LNER A3 on a track Industrielle Saint-Lazare at Saint-Quentin. The location of set up around the grounds this depot, together with details of the CFTV, can be found of a skyscraper offi ce block. on the Internet at: www.cftv.fr (Note: some sections of the I don’t recall the reason for website are available in the English language). 140-C-314 the occasion but whatever was constructed by the North British Locomotive Company it was, it was well attended in 1917 (works no. 21651) for the Chemin de Fer de l’Etat and throughout the week and fi nished her career with the SNCF in the 1970s. he reported back that the hobby was very much alive and well. He was very well (short) time of my Editorship I Colliery Museum in Bochum, received by the local M.E. have several times tried to fi nd between Dortmund and Clubs and ran alongside out more about what is being Essen in industrial northern MEET THE many local model engineers, practised in the Far East but Germany. I have tried to EDITORIAL TEAM many of whom had built have had very little success. translate some of the German British outline locomotives. I would be delighted if any speaking and the information DIANE CARNEY He had a thoroughly good reader has more information on the Museum’s website Editor time, I seem to recall. It was on this subject and was able to and discover that this place sad to hear, however, that share it with us. Does anyone has embraced the concept of this once burgeoning hobby have any contacts in Japan? ‘Steampunk’ for a weekend has, apparently, for some Indeed, are you reading this in and put on what seems to (unknown to me) reason fallen Japan? In either case, please have been a highly entertaining into serious decline. During the contact the Editor. display with a few full size traction engines and some STEWART HART Steampunk in Germany marvellous models including Technical Did you advertise a I am not keen on referring a lot of road steam machinery Assistant Rob Roy locomotive? readers to websites, but also steamships, a steam We recently had a Free particularly Youtube, because powered bicycle and some Ad placed for the sale of there is always the chance rather interesting ideas in a 3½ inch gauge Rob Roy that by the time you read it, it headgear! It really is worth a locomotive. Unfortunately will be gone. However, I am look. Even though it is a short the telephone number going to make an exception video (and you will fi nd links to YVETTE GREEN given was incorrect and just now as I have discovered others taken at the same time), Designer we are not able to contact a video that covers a steam I was struck by the atmosphere the seller who was, we model ‘rally’ (for want of a of the event, which included believe, in Banbury. If this better word, although I think a lot of Victorian dress and was you, could you please they refer to it as a ‘steam makeup! If you get a chance, contact the editor? festival’) that took place in May look up: www.youtube.com/ in the grounds of the Hannover watch?v=-nj9RxqHZSA

858 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 Making a Hook Green StreetPART 2

Ashley Best looks at the infrastructure and environment.

Continued from p.737 M.E. 4508, 15 May 2015

This article is concerned and the rear panel a piece Fig 5 with the environment in of 3mm MDF, the wood is which tramcars operated. It well seasoned to prevent any tendency to warp. Once is intended as no more than assembled, it is a robust a rough guide and stimulus structure. It was necessary to everyone with a nostalgic to strengthen the rear panel wish to re-create a little with a moulding strip top and of the past and to enhance bottom and to put in a total of the display or operation six screws to hold everything firmly in position. Figure 5 of their models. It is based makes the construction clear. A on my own working street length of track was made and layout and the problems placed on the base and pinned encountered over the many down. A check wire was years of its construction. included. Next, the pavement was laid out along the rear using wooden blocks topped he diorama was with an MDF strip marked designed and made out and painted to represent Tto be portable and paving slabs. The road therefore easily taken to pieces surface is made of Polyfilla for transport. The structure and is painted and marked to consists of a baseboard, represent a typical tram street a back panel and a pair of with granite setts for the area end panels; just four pieces. round the track and tarmac The base and the ends are over old setts for the rest as 18mm pine shelving boards was often seen. Such a road >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 859 was likely to have a worn surface with areas of setts Fig 6 showing through in places. Before laying down the Polyfilla and to lessen the expense, I placed infill blocks of scrap hardboard over much of the road surface. These blocks fall short of the final depth. On a working layout it is advisable to lay sheets of newspaper on the baseboard beneath the tracks. This prevents the filler adhering to the baseboard and makes it possible to lift whole sections easily if alterations and maintenance are required subsequently. The blocks should be laid in random fashion with gaps between them to help the filler adhere properly (fig 6). 16 17 Road surface The application of Polyfilla is quite tricky and requires some time to be set aside without interruptions. I find that a fairly stiff mix is most satisfactory and can be applied with an artists’ broad painting knife. After the initial laying down, a wide piece of stiff card or plastic can be drawn carefully along the tracks to ensure a smooth finish - level with Points and cover plate. Sett roller. the top of the rails. The road surface can be treated in a be hurried by trying to shorten stage that it should be worked indeed, in real examples and similar fashion taking care to the drying time as that leads on to create the simulated these can all be incorporated reproduce a slight camber to incomplete chemical action granite setts. These present a in the model road. Most setts down to the gutter. This is just and a failure to set properly. few problems but it is worth were laid at right angles to the the first stage and, of course, the effort as a realistic street side of the road, except in the it will accommodate the metal The granite setts surface is an asset. Amongst gutter where usually they were inspection covers and point As the surface dries it slowly all the possible methods, I shall parallel to the pavement. rod runs. The Polyfilla dries becomes harder and slightly confine myself to describing The tramway tracks, quite slowly and should never more plastic and it is at this what has worked well on my being the responsibility of layout and for the diorama. the operator, had their own First though, a few remarks setts which extended to the about short cuts that should regulation 18 inches each side be avoided. It is possible to and often a separation line apply a printed paper surface could be seen where the two of setts as is often used by authorities joined, as seen in small scale modellers. In photo 11. The setts would 1:16 scale, this should be be laid brick fashion with avoided. The setts, if properly staggered joints (photo 16). simulated really do look better. To achieve this effect, I tried In part, this is because it is several methods, eventually possible to replicate some of devising a jig derived from the irregularities and patterns a pastry cutter - at first, I of prototype surfaces and fit borrowed one from my wife them around the tracks in a but it was not quite up to the way impossible with a printed job. The jig is a roller used to paper surface. There is a form the cross-street lines Fig 7 wealth of detail to be found in of setts pressed gently into photographic reference and, the setting Polyfilla photo(

860 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 DIORAMA DETAIL

17). There is no easy way to establish the length of each 18 sett, although I suppose a jig tool could be made that would do it. I use a tool like the end of a screwdriver exactly the right width and carefully pressed into the road surface to mark each sett length (fi g 7). This is of course a long and rather tedious operation but it is, in the end, rewarding as it makes possible reproduction of irregularities, special sizes, separation of tramway and road and also what happens alongside curved track and pointwork; all these features can be seen in the photographs. It is important to lay only enough Polyfi lla that can be worked easily as it sets but practice increases speed so even quite a large layout can be so equipped without much diffi culty. After all the setts have been made, A misty night. it will be likely that some fi nal smoothing of the surface will themselves. Some examples Atmosphere opportunities, especially in the be needed as the Polyfi lla can be found in which it is all I have always considered street larger scales, for developing might have lifted a little on mixed up. As laid, setts had scenes to be enhanced by the a realistic and working the edges as the grooves are tar run into them but time soon mysterious atmosphere typical representation of a real street formed. A damp rag should caused dirt and road dust of twilight and dampness tramway. Small scale models be drawn over the surface often to lighten the grout. The where shadows and refl ections often avoid overhead work and right at the end of the setting surface can, with advantage, add romance to otherwise use insulated two-rail current period. The Polyfi lla will take be sealed and primed initially prosaic surroundings. Although collection, but in the larger several days to dry and even – I use grey automotive primer the originally painted road scales, prototype practice when it looks dry, it might having just masked out the rail surface will almost certainly should be replicated to contain internal damp. One heads, or immediately after be in matt colours, a coat of facilitate realistic operation. last task is to make sure that Described here are some the rails are cleaned and the of my own ways to provide groove cleared of obstruction. I have always considered street scenes to be satisfactory working overhead This requires a profi le scraper equipment. Readers will made from mild steel or ground enhanced by the mysterious atmosphere typical of probably be able to develop from a surplus screwdriver; their own different ways of shown earlier in fi g 3. All the twilight and dampness where shadows and refl ections solving some of the special tools described, particularly problems encountered in this the roller should be thoroughly add romance to otherwise prosaic surroundings. fascinating area of tramway cleaned and lightly oiled modelling. immediately after use. Working 1:16 scale electric painting, wiping the rail heads varnish will turn the street wet trams draw their power from Painting with a cellulose-soaked rag. and puddles can be simulated an overhead line. This requires Road surfaces have a The choice of paints after that by careful application or quite a lot of rather fi ddly work large variety of colours and is very wide and can be of clear resin. It is amazing how and in it simplest form, very variations within any given more than one type according effective this treatment can be basic electrical knowledge. On area. It is worth having a good to the area to be covered. I when lighting is incorporated my layout the principles are look at as many examples as have found artists’ acrylics in the vehicles and the much the same as most other possible before attempting most useful as they are water- surrounding street. It opens model tramways except that to apply paint. Avoid an soluble until dry when they up opportunities for keen the polarity change is made absolutely uniform colour, allow become fi xed. The setts can be photographers (photo 18). by the controller and not by for repair patches, differences painted in granite/grey tones a switch mounted on the car. between setts and tarmac, and then, after drying, a wash Overhead equipment The overhead equipment is the for example. There is even of dark colour slopped over Overhead line equipment is same, however. the problem of whether the the surface and immediately one of the really interesting My own model tramway grout between setts should be wiped off with a rag will leave a aspects of tramways layout is a basic end to end darker or lighter than the setts realistic grout effect. and provides a mass of track some 19 feet in length. It >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 861 Fig 8

19

Trolley reverser.

20 Fig 9

Reverser and frog. is constrained by a maximum Operation width of baseboard of two All the points except the feet and a background height facing points into the double restricted by a sloping roof to track terminus are sprung. 20 inches. The plan of the track The terminus points are hand layout and electrical sections operated double tongue. It’s is shown in fig 8. The electrical all basic and straightforward. sections are in the overhead The overhead is more so the track is continuous. complicated and includes Trams are operated by the old an automatic trolley reverser fashioned method of switched (fig 9) at each end with one live and dead sections allowing being equipped with a drop four trams at a time to be on lever frog. Photographs 19 the layout with three operated and 20, taken from above individually while one is in against a white background, reserve. show the two systems and fig

862 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 DIORAMA DETAIL

10 is a diagram of the ‘drop Sections and insulation each with as small a gap as can be run up nearby poles lever frog’ (photo 21), which Dividing the overhead line into possible (fi g 11). Insulation of or the metal pole itself and is a feature which was used sections requires a means of all the overhead lines from each carried to the overhead line and on many tramways. It is an joining the contact wires with other is also a requirement. soldered in place (photo 22). overhead line switch used to insulated section breakers, Feeder wires for each section ●To be continued. guide a swivel head trolley wheel onto the correct wire at a junction. The points at Fig 10 rail level guide the tram and as the trolley pole follows its direction, the top of the pole brushes against the drop lever which is connected to a cam which operates the overhead line frog which directs the wheel to follow the correct wire. The drop lever and cam fall back into the original position as soon as the manoeuvre is completed. If following the other, straight ahead, route at the junction, the pole does not make contact with the drop lever and so the overhead point is unmoved. It is a most elegant solution to a problem, but to make it work in 1:16 scale can be a bit tricky as it requires absolutely precise location in relation to track.

21

Drop lever frog.

22

Fig 11 Overhead feeders. www.model-engineer.co.uk 863 Patriotism PART 9 The Royal Army Ordnance Corps

Alan Crossfi eld describes his much admired, DOE winning Patriot in 5 inch gauge.

Continued from p.726 M.E. 4508, 15 May 2015

The author’s 5 inch gauge locomotive.

Following the successful introduction of the Modelling the 126 Royal Scots in 1927, the LMS locomotive Dreadnought department turned its attention to vacuum ejector This highly prominent improving the Claughtons. This latter class component was the subject of locomotives consisted of one hundred of much research into both and thirty LNWR designed 4-6-0s. Since its operation and external their introduction in 1912, the Claughtons appearance. Fortunately had been the fl agship express passenger several working examples have locomotive of the ‘Premier Line’ and, until the survived on other preserved examples of LMS locomotives introduction of the Royal Scots, used on the and whenever the opportunity fastest and heaviest trains. presented itself, I would Early days in the production of the ejector body. go along to take close-up photographs from as many angles as the situation would 127 128 permit. At fi rst glance the complexity of parts and related pipes tended to bewilder the eye, but I was fortunate in having the workings explained by a fellow member of LSME, who also happened to be an ex-footplate man. Photographs 126, 127 and 128 show various stages in The completed ejector. modelling the ejector body. The model does not create a vacuum An understanding of its Although not serving its but does play a part. workings helped in its making. original function as a creator

864 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 LOCOMOTIVE MODELLING

129 130

The vacuum ejector in situ. The main panels of the cab.

131 132

Soldering a rain strip into position; a tricky operation. The cab roof and the addition of further rain strips. of vacuum, the ejector does, situated at the buffer beams Photograph 130 shows the section of the correct size on the model, form part of of locomotive and tender. On main panels. These were cut had been acquired from the live steam supply to the the model the ‘train pipe’ is of from mild-steel plate of 1.5mm a commercial supplier to blower. Photograph 129 copper and supplies steam to thickness. Because of the the model railway hobby shows the layout and location. the locomotive’s blower. over-scale thickness, some of (Eileen’s Emporium). I mention On a full sized example steam the more visible edges were the latter because few of is supplied to the ejector by Constructing the cab reduced by machining on the the suppliers to the model way of the driver’s control First impressions were of a inside. This was carried out at engineering hobby appear valve positioned directly above simple sheet metal structure an early stage and was mainly to stock smaller sizes of the main body of the ejector. with lots of visible rivets. applied where the roof and L section. The diffi culty in Just to complicate matters, This proved to be correct side-sheets join the spectacle attaching it to the model was the body of this valve also regarding the rivets, but several plate. The picture also shows caused by the differential has a connection point for a other items of external detail the fi rst application of doubler in mass between the cab steam lance (for use within determined that this was strips (additional strips of structure and the brass angle. the smokebox). The driver’s never going to be a simple thin metal) to the side panels. Great care was needed in control valve is operated by fabrication. Construction began These were to be found in order to avoid either distortion the vertical lever, which is in by shaping the side-sheets and abundance on locomotives of the brass or disturbance of turn connected to a rod or rolling the roof to the correct and tenders of the Fowler era. the previously soldered joint cable activated from within the profi le. Photographs of the The strips on the model were between the side sheet and cab. This rod or cable works full-sized Patriots showed a soft-soldered in place prior to the roof (photo 131). within a tube situated behind complex pattern of rivets on the addition of rivets. The plan The cut-away portion the larger diameter ‘train each of the side panels – left was to prevent the ingress and of the cab roof was the pipe’. Vacuum created by the and right-hand sides both being more importantly, the retention subject of much pondering. action of the steam through slightly different from each of solvent prior to painting. Convenience of accessing the ejector cones would be other. These were established, A tricky operation was the the footplate controls (once transmitted via the ‘train pipe’ marked and drilled as one of attachment of the rain-strips completed) being weighed to the fl exible connections the fi rst operations. by soft-solder. Thin brass L against that of the detrimental >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 865 133 134

The locomotive backhead.

Water gauges a few seconds; the end of the I normally start by establishing glass is offered into a small the diameter of the sight glass. blue flame whilst being rotated Once this is done, I produce between finger and thumb. As The completed cab. the seals then work out the the end of the glass fuses the minimum size for the gland flame will turn yellow. End of effect on the locomotive’s occasions, witnessed queues nuts. On 45505 I used a glass process. Glass tube treated overall appearance. As the of people awaiting access to diameter of 0.220 inches with in this way is far less likely to full-size Patriots had no form footplates of locomotives at a gland-nut size of 5/16 AF. crack in service. of cut-away except for the the NRM. Backhead fittings To achieve this, extremely fine Photograph 134 shows roof ventilator, I was anxious seem to hold a special seals were needed which I the major fittings including to make any such deviation fascination, likened in many produced from silicone tube. In water gauges, injector steam as discreet as possible. ways to the dashboard of order to keep the overall size valves and the general pipe Photograph 132 shows the the car you’d love to own to a minimum the tube was arrangement on the NRM Crab. position of the cut-away or the power console of the pushed onto a mandrel and On this full sized example, the section in another operation to ‘TARDIS’ (depending on your reduced in diameter by turning. previously mentioned train pipe secure more rain strip to the destination). The problem for High speed and a sharp passes through the spectacle cab roof. the model engineer working tool were the prerequisites plate just below the window 1 Photograph 133 shows to a scale of 1 ⁄16 inch to a but the results I knew from and can be seen running along the completed cab. Much foot is that of dealing with the past experience would be the outside of the boiler. Also detail has been added and concentration of over-scale unpredictable, so once I was visible is the combination the windows glazed using fixtures and fittings. For this happy with the diameter, I control valve for vacuum and microscope slide glass (0.048 reason I produce all my own breathed more easily and steam brake, another example inch thickness). The floor boiler fittings in an attempt to sliced off several sections of a standardised fitting that was the product of individual keep the overall dimensions (around 0.040 inch width) made the L.M.S. footplate so hardwood pieces, mounted on to a minimum. Although one using a special adaptation distinctive. a sheet metal sub-structure. of the benefits of a Belpair that mounts a Stanley knife Photograph 135 shows an Beneath the floor, a steel cross boiler is that it offers the blade into the Myford tool early operation in modelling beam connects the lower model engineer a larger area holder. The glass itself was the combination brake valve. portions of the cab side sheets of backhead, I thought it wise commercially obtained from and provides a convenient to plan the sequence in which a supplier offering a choice of means of securing the cab in the fittings for 45505 would several diameters from 4mm 135 position: 2 x 6BA setscrews be secured in place: those upwards. This type of glass is pass through the cross beam requiring to be screwed into normally supplied in lengths of and engage with brackets their respective bushes were, 6-inches and is easily cut using secured to each side of the of necessity, fitted first so as a fine Swiss file. I gently score mainframe. With the screws to allow their unobstructed around the outside diameter removed, the cab may be rotation. In full size practice with a sharp file of triangular lowered or lifted vertically to most fittings were secured section and then apply clear the boiler. in place by nuts and studs, pressure to create the break. therefore eliminating the need If the break looks ragged, it Footplate fittings for rotation. For the model can be dressed using a fine A key focal point on any engineer, the problem here is oilstone or it can be heat-fused locomotive, large or small, is one of accessing the screw or over a small flame (no bigger the internal area of the cab. nut with the relevant driver or than that of a Bunsen burner). Cross drilling the combination I say this having, on many nut-runner. This latter operation only takes brake valve.

866 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 LOCOMOTIVE MODELLING

The part is being cross-drilled in the lathe. The set-up utilises 136 137 the headstock of a Unimat SL for the actual drilling. In order to obtain accurate rotational division, an indexing peg has been set to engage the teeth of the Myford bull-wheel and lock the spindle. As the bull- wheel has 60 teeth there are many divisional possibilities and the part is shown being drilled for the numerous air intake holes. As the model is The fully functioning steam brake valve. equipped with steam-brake only, the vacuum components of this valve are dummy. 138 The steam-brake operation The valve almost completed. however is functional and relies on a rotating disc made from PTFE (photo 136). 139 Photograph 137 shows the almost completed component. In full size operation, the brakes were applied by the rotational movement of the control handle: this worked Injector steam valve hand wheels within the confi nes of a gated were made to be true to scale. quadrant and was connected The wheels 7 directly to the valve face (disc experimenting with valve are ⁄16 inch with lots of holes). Action of seatings made from PTFE - overall. the movement would allow and with some success. air to enter the system and Photographs 138 and produced hand wheels as small is the steam supply pipe for 1 either reduce or destroy the 139 show two stages in the as ⁄8 inch OD by this method. the whistle. This will take the vacuum within, thus applying production of hand wheels Photograph 140 shows an position of - and be disguised the train brakes. Steam for the injector steam valves. interior view with more items of as - the train heating pipe. It brakes on the locomotive These worked out at around footplate furniture including the will run down the right-hand 7 and tender would be applied ⁄16 inch in overall diameter, previously described injector side of the backhead taking its simultaneously by the action and were smaller than any that steam-valves, reversing wheel steam from a valve situated on of a cam that was cast into were commercially available and driver’s combination the pressure gauge manifold. the upper circumference of at the time. In the past, I have brake valve. Still to be fi tted ●To be continued. the valve face (not fi tted when the picture was taken). Steam braking could also be activated 140 independently by movement of the vertical lever. Injector steam valves These were of the simple screw down type stop valves but owing to their position between the water gauges and the feed-water clacks these valves again had to be of minimal proportions. The main criteria for this type of valve is that they can be opened quickly to pass the full amount of steam required by the injector and that they remain absolutely steam tight when shut. This latter criterion can be diffi cult to achieve especially if a blunt cone angle has been provided on the valve spindle. Several members of LSME have been The cab interior with more features now fi tted. www.model-engineer.co.uk 867 Otto Four Stroke Engine

This four stroke engine Jan Ridders is intended for the model designs and engineer with moderate illustrates a skills. Whilst not a step-by- well behaved step construction series, the four stroke drawings and associated engine. clear illustrations are the focus of the article, with stems. The lengths of these teeth. These small and flexible simple explanations given pins are made in such a way belts, as seen in the photo, that there are some tenths of a and gear wheels are readily where required. millimeter left between the pins available. Any other flexible and the cams when the valves tooth belt is okay as long as The camshaft and its are closed. This may not be a its circumference is anywhere driving system conventional construction but it between 400 and 450mm. I decided to employ an works very well! The same applies to the gear overhead camshaft for the The ignition cam is also on wheels as long as they have reason that, with this design, the same camshaft and all three about similar diameters and the the cams can drive the valves in cams are fixed with screws ratio of teeth is exactly 2 to 1. the most direct way (figs ,5 6, 7 on the shaft, so they can be With such a tooth belt it is and 8); there are no intermediate adjusted in every position easy to bridge the distance cam lifter arrangements with within the four stroke cycle. from crankshaft to camshaft. push rods and oscillating The camshaft is driven by the Furthermore it provides for a tumblers - only short pins in crankshaft with a synthetic very smooth and noiseless gliding bushes between the tooth belt (fig ).5 The wheel on drive without the need for any cams and valve stems to avoid the camshaft has 70 teeth, the lubrication. transverse forces on the valve wheel on the crankshaft has 35 lTo be continued.

Fig 5

868 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 SIMPLE FOUR STROKE Fig 6

>> www.model-engineer.co.uk 869 Fig 7

870 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 SIMPLE FOUR STROKE Fig 8

www.model-engineer.co.uk 871 Martin Ranson, an award winning maker of steam launches, turns to locomotive building.

Continued from p.747 M.E. 4508, 15 May 2015

PART 4 A 16mm Locomotive Idris for a Novice Engineer

A suggestion was made to me, at a Model Engineer Exhibition some time ago, that after about 50 years 29 of building steam boats it was time I considered building something different and that I might try a small locomotive. After some considerable thought was given to moving into what was, for me, new territory, Idris came into being. My hope is that this article will provide some inspiration to my fellow ‘beginner’ locomotive builders.

Fig 16 Coupling rod retainers. Ø0.155 to match coupling rods

Ø0.250 7BA clear for 0.070 depth Coupling rod bearings Tap 7BA and retainers The axles and crank webs supplied by Brandbright did not have any bearing bushes with them. I had several ideas 0.165 7BA hex head bolt Full length thread 0.312 for holding everything together 0.018 and finally decided on the assembly shown in photo 29. Coupling Rod Retainers This was because the 6BA Mat’l: Ø0.250 mild steel, 4 off bolts I now possess are made from small size hexagon, which do not leave much surface to

872 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 16mm LOCOMOTIVE

rub against the outside edge of Single cylinder engine speed 0.193 the coupling rod. This method is assumed to be 2000 RPM. Fig 17 also permits the 6BA thread to The tread diameter of the 6BA grubscrew go right up to the shoulder (fi g wheels measured as 1.323 30 teeth Drill Ø0.187 Ø0.385 16). I no longer have any dies inch. Assume slow walking 32 D.P. Ø0.365 Throw 0.236 with a thread almost up to one pace = 1 MPH or 1.46 ft/sec or Centre offset half edge of the die but they were 17.5 inches per second. of this = 0.118 extremely useful for working The circumference of the (See photo 30) into a corner. The four bushes wheel = π x D = 4.156 inches Force fit or Loctite 0.187 are easy to machine and then assuming no wheel slip, so for 0.206 part-off from stock ¼ inch mild a driving wheel to cover 17. Eccentric 0.270 steel bar. 5 inches in 1 second it must Mat’l: Ø0.625 mild steel bar rotate at 17.5 / 4.156 = 4.2 revs Geared engines in 1 second or 252 RPM. Small flat Ø0.187 Having built a few boats If the engine runs at a over the years I knew that nominal 2000 RPM, then the many small steam engines gear ratio would be 2000 / 252 and small electric motors ran = 7.94 to 1. Ø0.187 2.485 best at a higher speed than Using an available ratio End collar - mild steel washer the propeller needed to turn. of 6.6 to 1 should be okay silver soldered, then skim true So obviously this meant the for a start; maybe the next Ø0.260 x 0.062 thick engine crankshaft had to experiment would be to Axle 0.677 approx accommodate a small spur increase the ratio to be 8.6 Mat’l: Ø0.187 stainless steel Spacer gear which drove a larger gear to 1 with some new gears. 2 Mat’l: Thin wall on the propeller shaft. Typically The fi rst pair of gears from brass tube Ø0.31 this ratio was about 3 to 1, and the crankshaft are 48 DP, Ø0.187 Ø0.254 I was hoping a similar situation the fi rst experiment used an might apply on the locomotive. 18 and a 40 tooth gear, the I already possessed various second experiment could be spur gears which would be 15 and 43 teeth. (Note: having 0.105 useful for several experiments, now used the engine on the 0.125 so this gear ratio was originally track, the ratio of 8.6 to 1 is Bearing Bushes used when the engine was a defi nitely better; it slows the 2 off twin-cylinder with only one locomotive down.) This would stage of reduction gearing. give more torque at the driving Idler Gear, Eccentric, Axle And Bushes Because only one cylinder axles so possibly the engine would now be in use the ratio cylinder size could then be would have to be increased reduced slightly, also a smaller Tap 6BA for grubscrew and would need a second engine could be put back Fig 18 after assembly Brass extension stage. My available gears gave as a twin cylinder and then Ø1 32 D.P. brass me a possible total ratio of stopped and reversed easily gear, 30 teeth 6.6 to 1. The fi rst reduction using radio control. I know was 2.2 to 1 and the second this may not be the best way reduction was 3 to 1, giving to design engines but I am a total of 6.6 to 1. The fi nal learning about locomotives pair of gears were used as a from scratch and it is a 0.455 Ø0.250

1 to 1 idler to take the drive worthwhile challenge. Might Ø0.250 0.193 downwards onto the front axle. it stop my grey cells from Ø0.475 Using fairly large gears for the turning to porridge too early? The 2 pieces can ba a 0.645 o/a idlers also gave me space to fi t force fit, Loctite or possibly soft solder an eccentric with a nominal ¼ Drive gears and inch throw, which could drive pump eccentric The overall width of 0.645 was adjusted on final a future water pump, when (Figs 17 and 18) assembly at the same time as the axle bushes needed (photo 30). The water pump eccentric is Final Drive Gear mounted on the same shaft as the idler just in case it is 30 needed in the future. put a very large water tank very, very thin piece of paper At the time of construction in the tender (possibly 400ml was placed between the I could not decide whether capacity) and run a fl exible teeth to give a tiny amount of the engine should be a tank water pipe to the pump under clearance. A piece of silver or tender type; it eventually the engine frames. I will come steel was machined to a sharp turned out to be very easy to back to this later. point and placed inside the convert the engine to either To determine the position bore of the idler. This point a tank or a tender type. If a of the idler gear, it and the was pushed onto the frames, tender engine was used it axle gear were placed fi rmly leaving a clear mark to indicate Idler and eccentric. would be much simpler to into mesh with each other, a the drilling for the bearing bush >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 873 possibly the idler gears would 31 32 need to be larger to span the necessary gap. Photograph 34 shows the idler gear and shaft with a spacer made from thin wall brass tube to keep the idler in its right place. The collar shown on the left end of the shaft is a piece of mild steel silver soldered into place and then skimmed to run true.

Using pointed steel rod to mark gear centres. Frame drilling and spacers. Soldering main frame assemblies Hopefully all necessary holes 33 34 are now drilled in the frames. All of the 7BA bolts were loosened slightly including the boiler plate bolts. The frames were then pressed gently onto a flat surface and all bolts re- tightened, this ensured that the frames ended up parallel. One Eccentric and final gear. Spacer for idler. end of each of the three lower spacers was then soft-soldered (photo 31). This produced a inside the joint but will not to be used. If I were building into place (photo 32). I left the clear mark on the frame and make a smooth fillet externally a second engine I would aim buffer beams and the boiler was used for a centre-pop that (!). Because of this the gear for gears which were a bit plate removable, however, it was drilled out as a pair with attached to the pump eccentric lighter in construction. Maybe may be better to solder these the other frame (photo 32). was located with Loctite 603 - 40 DP or 0.6 MOD all the way into position permanently. I A similar method to this was the final fit was a tight sliding through. Even old Meccano do not know yet if everything used for the other two shafts. fit together. Some people gears - which I believe were is as solid as it appears at the The actual spur gears were might prefer to make a tight 38 DP or 0.668 MOD - would moment. The coupling rods some I already possessed. interference fit between the probably be okay. The other were assembled onto the crank Both the idler gear and the two items, then use the bench advantage to smaller gears webs to see how free-running final gear assembly are two vice to squeeze them together. would be smaller spindle they were when assembled into pieces fastened together This idler determines the sizes, possibly the idler shaft the frames and yes, there was a (photo 33). The final gear was position of the gear train and could be reduced to 5/32 bit of stiffness in one place but soft-soldered to an enlarged the engine. The size of these inch diameter and the engine this slowly disappeared when I centre bush so it could be final gears is 32 DP in imperial crankshaft could be reduced applied a drop of black Molyslip 1 carefully bored out to ¼ inch sizes and a close match in to ⁄8 inch diameter. I know to all the bearings and kept on diameter to match the axle. metric would be 0.8 MOD. this small size works okay spinning the wheels. All the Beware when soft-soldering Please note they are similar, on a marine engine. Lots of components will be marked to some types of gear that look but definitely not identical. other measurements would ensure they are fitted back in like bronze as they possibly The types of gear used are change, particularly the the same place. contain a percentage of rather heavy but they were sat distance between some of the aluminium; the solder will flow in the spares box just waiting gear shafts. If this was done, lTo be continued.

● Index to Volume 214 ● Steam Sanding Gear for 5 inch gauge ● NEW SERIES: Saunderson ● Event Report: 1 & Mills Tractor The National 3 ⁄2 inch by George Punter Gauge Rally at Leyland ● Mastiff Plus ● Barclay Well Tanks

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Ron Wright, a retired Fig 100 technical college teacher, Drum rotation A. Drive pulley provides an in-depth B. Drum course in I/C. C. Vanes C I D. Drum bearings E. Vane carrier bearings E Continued from p.740 F. Spigot shaft G. Oil feed M.E. 4508, 15 May 2015 H H. Casing F I. Vame to drum seals

Air in Air out

C C

B

I’ve always thought that of special importance in end of the case H, and is one of the most significant the design, construction driven by a Vee belt from the sayings in model engineering and operation of small I/C crankshaft to pulley A. Supported in the end case is that originated by the engines, where the working opposite the drive is a stiff late L.B.S.C.; ‘you can’t principles are exactly the spigot shaft F which extends scale nature’ and I’ve come same as those applying to along the length of the casing to regard this as being full size engines. This forms and supports a number of the basis of this article which small ball bearings E, which I hope will be useful and in pairs carry a set of four Fig 101 flat vanes C. Each of these informative to readers who protrudes through slits in the have a particular interest drum where they are closed C A in I/C, especially those just against air leakage by the seals I D starting out in our hobby. I. The blades extend to the circumference of the casing D where they have a very fine E SURVEY OF POSITIVELY clearance; they do not rub G DRIVEN SUPERCHARGERS against the casing. Shaft F is co-axial with F 1) Sliding vane type the casing but the drum is H Figures 100 and 101 show eccentric to such an extent cross and longitudinal that at one point it nearly sections of a sliding vane touches the casing inner C B supercharger of the Shorrocks surface (the lowest point in the design in which the hollow diagrams). This arrangement I drum B rotates on ball results in there being air bearings D, carried in each volumes of varying capacities

876 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 UNDERSTANDING I/C

Fig 102 Fig 104 Phasing Casing Fig 103 gears Rotors

Air in Air out

Rotors

Driveshaft

between the drum outer This design tends to lose directly from the crankshaft The output fl ow tends to be surface, the vanes and the effi ciency at low speeds nose. pulsating as then rotor edges casing inner surface. owing to the air leakage from Fine clearances exist proceed across the outlet Consequently, as the drum between the blade outer between the rotors and port opening and one way of rotates, these volumes are edges and the casing surface, the case and the gears are minimising this is shown in fi g carried round with it, clockwise and from between the blade lubricated from the engine’s 105 in which straight rotors in the fi rst diagram, thereby end edges and the end system but the rotors do not are employed with angled or creating an increasing volume casings where there is also a need lubrication and clean air skewed ports. An alternative is at the air inlet, left hand in fi ne clearance. is delivered. to employ skewed rotors with fi g 100 and a decreasing Operation is similar in conventional ports; however volume at the outlet which is 2) Roots twin rotor type principle to a gear type oil rotors of this type are a good on the right and diametrically Figures 102, 103 and 104 pump and air is carried from deal more complex to machine. opposite the inlet. show details of this design in one side to the other (left to Roots blowers are widely Hence at the inlet the which two rotors, two lobed or right in the diagram) being used as scavenge blowers increasing volume creates three lobed, rotate in ‘mesh’ ‘pushed’ along by the leading on two stroke Diesel engines a depression which causes with each other inside an fl anks of the rotors. Hence where the function is merely outside atmospheric pressure oval casing and are held in it could be said that the air to blow the cylinders clear of to push air into the vane-case- correct rotational alignment is ‘paddled’ through the exhaust gas when both the drum volume. by a pair of fi ne tooth phasing mechanism resulting in there Inlet ports and the exhaust From here the air is carried gears which are housed in being no compression; this valves are open, which is not round by the vanes with the a separate compartment at only occurs as air is propelled strictly speaking supercharging volume gradually reducing and one end of the case. One of out of the casing and into the as the fi nal cylinder pressure the pressure rising, until at the these gears is belt driven from inlet manifold where it ‘piles is only slightly above outlet the decreasing volume the crankshaft or, in the case up’ to raise the pressure above atmospheric. expels the air under pressure of early ‘blower’ Bentleys, atmospheric. ●To be continued. towards the engine’s inlet manifold. Note: all fl uid pumps function Fig 105 in this general way, whether rotating or reciprocating - they create an increasing volume at the inlet and a decreasing volume at the outlet. Lubrication is by a simple oil spray from the engine’s Outet lubrication system via the port connection G where an oil mist is sprayed to the vane carrier, and drum bearings, but of course this eventually fi nds Inlet port its way, with the air, into the engine combustion chambers where it burns to form a slight blue haze in the exhaust gas. www.model-engineer.co.uk 877 1 The Harrogate Exhibition 2015

Am uncommon compound Foster traction engine by T. Baldwin.

ood weather is always been involved in the hobby along with its sister, Covercoat welcome at the for generations. This year until 1923 when she was Diane GHarrogate show so the seemed to be the year of the transferred to the quarry itself Carney outdoor steamers get a chance Foden at Harrogate! There where she worked for the next reviews to show off their magnifi cent were no fewer than six listed 33 years at Pen Garret level. this popular models at their best. On our in the programme. Amongst This locomotive differs from Northern cover this issue is a 4½ inch the other exhibits outside was the more commonly seen Alice show. scale Foden wagon owned this Foster compound traction Class type in having sanding by J. Fearnely of Castelford. engine, Shirley B by T. Baldwin gear, centre spring buffers This family name is well known (photo 1). and slip gear, designed for its in road steam circles having time working on the quayside. Best in Show The valve gear on the model Indoors the sun was shining deviates from the original 2 on the 7¼ inch Gauge Society locomotive; Don Ashton’s stand as usual (I often think formula for an improved they have the best spot in the Stephenson valve gear was building!) and it was here that employed and the model has the winner of the Barry Jordan balanced slide valves, ball race Trophy for Best in Show was to eccentrics, needle bearings be found, centre stage. Adrian in the links and ball race die Hinchcliffe’s Hunslet saddletank blocks in the expansion links. Bernstein also won the Myford Contributing much to its Shield for Best Locomotive accolades must have been (photo 2). This model was the quality of the backhead built by Adrian - a member (photo 3) and the general paint at Leyland SME - to works fi nish. The original locomotive drawings over a period of eight is now named Jonathan and years and is a particularly fi ne resides as a static engine at example beautifully fi nished. the Spring Technology Co. Hunslet No. 678 of 1898 museum at Lytham St. Anne’s. Adrian Hinchcliffe’s award winning Quarry Hunslet, Bernstein. worked at Port Dinorwic initially, Congratulations to Adrian.

878 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 HARROGATE 2015

3 4

The drivers footplate on a brand new locomotive. Russell, by Chris Farrar. Another magnifi cent Hunslet.

Alongside Adrian’s Dinorwic size. The brass water tanks Hunslet was a superb model demonstrate Chris’ apparent 5 of another locomotive by skill in riveting - there are over the same maker; Russell by 800 of them in each tank and Chris Farrar (photos 4 and 5) they look just about perfect to is a superbly fi nished engine me! The prototype had a very representing the full size 1909 chequered history, enduring Welsh Highland locomotive as many unhappy years towards it was in about 1922. Working the end of its career running on only from a GA and hundreds railways for which it was totally of photographs, Chris had unsuited and suffering endless made all patterns and done derailments. It came close to almost all the castings himself being scrapped in 1953 but - only the very biggest being was saved by the Birmingham put out to a local foundry - Locomotive Club and was and constructed the engine taken to Tywyn Wharf station around laser cut frames. on the Talyllyn Railway. From A closer view of the detailing. He had designed and built then on the story is even more the copper boiler himself, complicated but, fortunately, Stationary Engines Richard won a Second apart from the TIG welded Russell now runs regularly on Richard Simpson exhibited Certifi cate and the Warco Trophy longitudinal seam, using the Welsh Highland Heritage a marine triple expansion for Best Stationary Engine. traditional silver-soldering Railway at Porthmadog. The engine, 1:25 scale (photo 6). Adjacent to this was a methods. The fl anging model is the product of about I could see no notes with the very elegant model by L. formers he had cast himself in fourteen years’ work and Chris model so it may be a freelance Nelson (photos 7 and 8) to aluminium. The engine features took the Precision Paints design but it was very nicely an Anthony Mount design. a fully working Westinghouse Award for Best Finished Model. made conforming very much The prototype was a French airbrake system, as per the full Well done! to traditional marine practice. engine - Farcot’s Table Engine

6 7

A typical triple expansion marine engine by Richard Simpson. Farcot’s Table Engine by L. Nelson. >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 879 - and was discovered by Anthony in a book dating from 8 9 the 1860s. The design of the governor mechanism is most intriguing although, arguably, not particularly successful in engineering terms. It works more like a differential gear, the drive varying via bevel gears as the speed alters. It would seem to be a condensing engine as there is a non working air pump featured, although the mechanism of this is not clear as the steam exhausts to a cylinder ‘wrapper’ which forms an insulating jacket around the cylinder. The original was apparently double jacketed so this may be a clue. Something for further investigation…. Fabricated entirely, a nice model nonetheless, possibly only improved by a six spoke flywheel (purely personal Tom Pasco’s 30cc Vee twin supercharged preference). There are no sleeve valve two stroke engine. castings and the drawings are available from Polly Model You may be able to make out the Engineering. unusual governor arrangement. Moving across to the I/C engines table, Tom Pasco had open ended piston between Our friend Ray McMahon Certificate photo( 11). Another a 30cc Vee Twin Supercharged the sleeves acts as a guide was awarded a Commended curious porotype discovered sleeve valve two stroke engine to prevent rotation. Ignition is Certificate for the ‘tamed’ and modelled originally by in competition (photo 9). transistorised and uses two 6V Centaur (as featured in M.E. Anthony Mount, this one had The notes beside the engine motorcycle coils. It will run to issue 4508) (photo 10). a stationary piston and the informed us that the sleeves approximately 5000 revs on a Joe Holdsworth exhibited a cylinder slides up and down. are driven by an eccentric on 22 x 8 inch propeller. Tom took a Bodmer Sliding Cylinder Engine Johann Georg Bodmer is one of the crankshaft and a small Second Certificate for this entry. for which he won a Commended those engineers in history about whom we hear very little - he was consistently ahead of his 10 time - but whose achievements, when analysed, were actually quite breathtaking! If you would like to find out more you will find his obituary on Grace’s Guide of great interest.

11

Ray McMahon’s Centaur in a working environment. Bodmer sliding cylinder engine by Joe Holdsworth.

880 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 HARROGATE 2015

Model Wheelwrights The Guild of Model 12 Wheelwrights always put on a tremendous show at Harrogate. This year First, Second and Highly Commended certifi cates were awarded to John Castle, Brian Young and Alan Hartley respectively. The First was for a London Pattern Coal Van to 1:8 scale, (photo 12). John Castle scratch builds models very much in the traditional style using the traditional range of materials and methods of construction in miniature form. The model is based on a delivery waggon type of which there’s only one known survivor. The Second Certifi cate was for a 1:12 scale Bamford RS10 Swath Turner (photo 13). I am guessing the design is from the 1940s but I didn’t see any notes so I may not be correct. Alan Castle’s 1:8 scale coal delivery wagon. The Highly commended Certifi cate went to Alan Hartely but I am sorry to say I have no 13 photo of his Spanish Ox Cart. Around the clubs There is always something new to see on the club stands so I thought I would show a few of the things that caught my eye this year. Firstly a couple of exhibits on the Bradford stand: a George Thomas Dividing Head and Tailstock by D. Watts sat proudly on the shelf (photo 14) and below it the beginnings of a new engine by John Mills, a 7¼ inch gauge 0-4-0 locomotive of Danish origin (photo 15) with a very interesting story - but one I think I will leave until it comes time to report on its completion! A Bamford RS10 swath ● To be continued. turner by Brian Young. 15 14

Well made tooling on the Bradford stand. This by D. Watts. John Mills’ work in progress; an engine of Danish origin. www.model-engineer.co.uk 881 Refining a Combination Sheet Metalwork Machine

Combination machines Graham for sheet metal working 1 Astbury consisting of a shear, a improves press brake and a set of a 3 in 1 bending rolls are available combination from several UK suppliers machine of shear, press but despite differing sizes brake and roll. and paint colours, they all appear to made to the same design by any one of many manufacturers in mainland China. On inspection of the machine as delivered, there appeared to be some anomalies and shortcomings to the design so I decided to modify my machine.

he modifications that The three-in-one combination of shear, press brake and roll. I made to mine would Tprobably apply to all the eccentrics having crank and regenerators for hot-air similar machines but the arms connecting to the moving engines. I could also shear and dimensions of the modified shear blade. Rotation of the fold aluminium sheet for boxes parts may well differ between handle moves the shear blade to house electronic equipment the different sizes of machine down to shear sheet placed on and cut and fold sheets of and possibly different the work table at the bottom aramid paper for use as slot suppliers. However, if you and further rotation brings insulation for rewinding motors. decide to modify your own the shear blade up again to An order was duly placed machine, please bear in mind bend sheet placed between and I was advised that there that this article is written in the shear blade top and the was about a three month delay good faith and I cannot be bending dies. The main shaft as it was out of stock, but the held responsible for any errors is made as one of the rolls for suppliers had just placed an made. bending, with a top roll used order with China. Eventually I to nip the sheet and a third was notified by the suppliers Introduction pressure roll behind, which can that the machine was in the UK Whilst my wife and I were at be adjusted to roll the sheet and the carriers would phone the Harrogate exhibition some into a tube when fed through me to arrange a delivery. This years ago, I looked at a three- the nip. they did and the machine in-one sheet metal working As it was my sixtieth arrived within five minutes machine (photo 1) which birthday on the day we visited of the arranged time. After a consists of two substantial cast Harrogate, my wife suggested quick inspection that all was iron side frames connected by that I buy the machine for a present and correct, I had the a fixed beam and work table at birthday present. I decided crate on its pallet placed in the the bottom and an adjustable that the 24 inch model would garage to await installation in beam at the top holding the probably be the optimum the workshop. dies for box and pan forming. one for me as it would cut However, as we had moved There is a horizontal shaft thin gauge sheet and wire house recently, my workshop across the top that has an meshes and then roll them was still at the planning stage eccentric at each end – with for making the displacers and, as usual, domestic

882 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 WORKSHOP PROJECT

events took precedence and the workshop building was 2 4 inevitably delayed. A former colleague of mine once said that when estimating how long something will take, it is best to take the estimate, double it and change the time units to the next higher one, so something that you 3 estimate will take two days will actually take four weeks! I estimated that the workshop The bearing clearance was at least 1.1mm. The bearings were a very poor fi t in the side frames. would take about three INSET: One bearing was quite eccentric... months to build, so it was no real surprise that it took sticking things together. Despite Bearings another material so that steel- almost three and a half years using plenty of white spirit, the When I removed the top roll on-steel rubbing was avoided. to get it fi nished and ready to protective coat remained so to clean it, I noticed that the I used some hard brass that I install the sheet metal machine. adherent that I ended up having bearings (‘jackets’ in Chingish) happened to have in my odd to dismantle the whole machine were a really sloppy fi t on bits box. This then led onto the Inspection to remove it. I used cotton rags the shafts. In fact, the worst question of lubrication. Eventually, I removed it from and white spirit to soften it one was so bad that I could the packing crate and retrieved and plenty of elbow grease to insert a 1.1mm twist drill Lubricant the instruction booklets. A actually clean it off. A lot of the between the bearing and the In both the manuals that most unusual habit of mine is smaller parts I soaked in white shaft (photo 2). One bearing accompanied the machine, it to read the instruction book spirit before scrubbing with an was machined eccentrically stated that oil should be used before doing anything else (am old toothbrush, which is useful (photo 3) and all the bearings as the lubricant for the two I alone in this?). I read both to get into the corners. were a really sloppy fi t in the nipples located on the crank the instruction booklets – one arms - ‘...oiling the machine oil written in Chinglish (Chinese into eccentric mechanism and English) and the other in English. Once I had cleaned everything, it became apparent clearance once for a day...’. The one in Chinglish had such Neither version stipulated a gems as ‘...when you are getting that there were several shortcomings with the machine. viscosity or grade. I looked at rid of this king of rust inhibitor, the bearing design and found you can unset the yellow coat The most obvious was the quality of the machining that the bearing was steel on with varnish diluent and paint the eccentric with a bronze- fl ux for machine oil...’. To be fair, of the components and the attendant poor lined bearing in the cast iron I am sure that their English is crank arm. As the speed of better than my Chinese! Even standard of construction and assembly. rotation was very low, it was the one written in English was almost certain that the form of not particularly well written lubrication would be boundary and it appeared that whoever Once I had cleaned side frames (photo 4). It is lubrication where the two had written it had never set everything, it became apparent necessary for the bearings to surfaces rub together with only up or used the machine – it that there were several have some freedom, as when the thinnest fi lm of lubricant in was merely a re-written form shortcomings with the machine. the pressure roll is adjusted to the gaps between the asperities of the Chinglish one. In the The most obvious was the roll tapered shells, the bearing (tiny ridges and hollows on end I scoured the Internet and quality of the machining of the must be able to tilt suffi ciently the surface). This form of found manuals for two other components and the attendant to allow the roller to move to lubrication is only acceptable rival machines – both of which poor standard of construction an appropriate angle. However, for slow velocity oscillating or were similar but not identical and assembly. I spoke with my calculation showed that for the sliding surfaces. Consulting machines – which were very daughter, who is a solicitor, maximum taper, the bearing my mechanical engineering clear and well written, including about formally rejecting the only needed about 1mm of textbook on lubrication and very good descriptions of goods but she advised me freedom in the slot to do this, bearings (ref 1), it seemed that adjusting the blades. that goods have to be rejected so the amount available was the best lubricant would be a The machine itself was well within a ‘reasonable time’. clearly excessive. grease with a solid lubricant protected from corrosion and Like so many legal things, All four of these moveable in it, such as graphite or after all that time in a damp ‘reasonable’ can be interpreted bearings – one each end molybdenum disulphide. In the garage there was no sign of rust in several ways but three and a of both the top roll and the end I chose a NLGI Grade 2 at all. In fact the anti-corrosion half years would be deemed by pressure roller – were made of molybdenum disulphide grease protective coating resembled anyone to be long enough for steel and since the shafts were which I already had in stock. treacle toffee, it was so hard me to have accepted the goods also steel, I thought that the This is similar to the type of and tenacious. I could not turn by default. Consequently, I best course of action was to grease used in constant velocity the handle of the machine at all was stuck with it so decided re-make the bearings to be a joints on car drive shafts, which and thought that this was due to modify the machine and put better fi t on their shafts and in seem to survive well under quite to the anti-corrosion coating right all the problems. their housings and be made of severe conditions. A manual >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 883 for a similar machine from a different supplier suggested that 5 6 a ‘No. 2 lithium tube grease’ be used for lubrication once a month, so I felt that my decision for grease rather than oil was at least justifi ed. I also estimated the maximum load to which one of these bearings would be subjected. At the start of a cut of steel sheet 1mm thick (the maximum capacity of the machine), almost all of the load The main bearing with the roll retainer would be on the right hand socket machined into it. bearing, with the load gradually transferring to the left hand side as the cut was completed. 7 The shear blade is angled and has a slope of 16mm over its length of 640mm – 1 in 40 - so the area of sheet actually being sheared at any one time would be a triangle of base width 40mm and height 1mm - an The grease nipple on the left hand area of 20mm². According to 8 side for the main shaft bearing Machinery’s Handbook (ref and the top roll retainer. 1), a typical low carbon steel sheet will have a shear strength of about 75% of its ultimate The bearing at the lower tensile strength. A typical sheet The grease nipples for the right-hand side showing end of the crank arm with steel to BS 1449: 1972 Part 1 the hole for greasing the gears. the groove machined in. (ref 2) would have a minimum tensile strength of around 280 to 290 N/mm², so a typical pivoted on the shear blade. with a small 2mm hole drilled Roll adjustment strength might be 300 or so. The main shaft bearings had into the frame on the pitch On the basic machine, the rear Thus the load on the blade a projected area of 25 x 19 = circle of the gears (photo 7). pressure roller is adjusted by shearing it would be 0.75 x 475mm² which meant that the The fi nal bearings were means of long screws which 20 x 300 = 4500 Newtons, or pressure on these was almost those at the bottom end of push the bearings of the rear almost half a tonne. This would twice as much. the crank arms which had a pressure roller upwards in their be transmitted to the bearing Therefore I decided to fi t projected area of only 19mm slots. Each screw had a plain which has a width of 15mm and grease nipples to the main by 19mm, equating to 361mm², black 25mm diameter ball a diameter of 57mm, giving a shaft bearings by drilling thus having a pressure well knob on the end, so the lack projected area of 15 x 57 = 855 through the frames with a over twice the pressure on the of markings made it diffi cult to mm², so the pressure would be 2mm drill and opening up eccentric bearings, so I decided turn each screw by the same 5.26 N/mm² or for those more and tapping M6 for a grease to fi t grease nipples to them as amount to keep the pressure used to imperial units, about nipple. This was not as simple well. However as these bearings roll parallel with the top roll and 760 psi, which is far too high for as would be fi rst thought are there to allow the crank make a perfectly straight rolled an oil to form a fi lm under slow- because the socket for the pin arms to pivot only slightly, the shell. Also, as the bearings of speed sliding conditions. used to retain the top roll had bearings are fastened tightly the rear pressure roller move up Having selected a grease, I been machined too deep and by cap-head screws with the the slot with the roller, it would realised that the only bearings had broken through into the crank arms pivoting on the outer which were fi tted with main shaft bearing (photo 5). surface and not rotating, merely lubrication nipples were those The best solution was to drill rocking. Therefore provision 9 on the eccentrics. This seemed up into the frame at an angle was needed to distribute the rather odd to me as the bearing of about 45 degrees so that grease throughout the bearing, area on these bearings was the grease nipple did not foul as rotation could not be relied actually larger than those on the adjustment screw for the upon to spread the grease. the bearings for the shaft in bending dies (photo 6). This Therefore I machined a shallow the side frames, which had no position could be duplicated (about 0.5mm deep) groove provision for lubrication at all. on the right-hand side where around each bearing’s outer Similarly, there was no provision the gears were located and surface (photo 8) and fi tted the for lubricating the slip-roll by so doing, it left an ideal nipple half way across the width bearings and the pressure roll location on the front of the right of the crank arm so as to line up bearings, not to mention the hand frame to fi t a nipple to with the groove machined in the The crank arm lower bearing bearings where the crank arms provide for greasing the gears, bearing (photo 9). grease nipple.

884 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 WORKSHOP PROJECT

10 11 12

The original roll adjusting screw (top) and the new one (bottom). be diffi cult to lubricate the roller shaft bearing on a regular basis. Two solutions sprang to mind – do a ‘once for life lubrication’ on The ‘pip’ machined on the screw to stop The new top roll retainer lever. assembly or make a new screw the bearing rotating. with a hole down the centre and a grease nipple at the end. This measure up their own machine when rolling material, I can live (did you know that a 200 gram new screw could also have a very carefully to ensure that with it. I also made a new top roll baked bean tin is made from cross-bar so that ‘half a turn’ the ‘pip’ on the end is short retainer, as the original one was 0.2mm tinplate?). I had to fi t could be added easily and enough not to protrude into a bit awkward to use to release them at the right hand side of maintain the parallelism of the the bore of the bearings and the top roll, so the new one was both frames to allow them to be pressure roller. also to ensure, particularly just a bit longer with a ball knob tightened up square – an error I decided that trying to drill a with the top roll screws, that on a lever to make it easy to use of only about 0.6 degrees but 200mm deep 1.5mm diameter the slots in which the bearings (photo 12). enough to lock the shaft solid. hole right through the original slide are long enough so that As I placed the work table screw would be asking too the new bearings still allow Re-assembly (the fl at base that has the sheet much, even if I followed the the top roll to open up enough Having done these placed on it for guillotining) excellent advice of Frank to roll material that is slightly modifi cations, I re-assembled onto the frames, I realised that MacCafferty on deep hole thicker than that stated in the the machine and again had the original assembly had not drilling (ref 3). Consequently specifi cation. I will describe problems. My newly installed used washers under the cap- I deemed it better to take the more about the use of thicker grease nipples to grease the head screws, so the heads of easy way out and make the materials and ‘pushing the bearings on the main shaft the screws had bitten into the screw in three parts silver- design limits’ later. allowed the shaft to spin freely, relatively soft cast iron, making soldered together. The central When I made my new until I tightened up the cap- fi ne adjustment diffi cult. When part was a length of ¼ inch bearings for the top roll, one head screws securing the cross the base securing screws were o.d. by 18 swg wall thickness would not fi t into one side beam to the side frames. As I tightened, the heads tended to cold drawn seamless steel frame because the slot had not tightened up the screws, the go to the depression left by the hydraulic tubing that I just been machined quite as long shaft locked solid and would previous tightening. This was happened to have in my short as the other side frame. As the only turn freely if the screws easily cured by the use of heavy ends box. The screwed part side frame is far too big to fi t were slackened off again and grade washers, fi led to fi t into was simply an M10 setscrew onto my lathe when set up for the frames moved slightly. The the adjusting slots (photo 13). with the head turned down milling, I had little option but to locking of the shaft when fi rst ●To be continued. to form a locating ‘pip’ to extend the slot by the required bought was not, as I 7 prevent rotation of the roller 3mm by using a ⁄8 inch hole thought initially, due shaft bearing. I have not given saw in the electric drill with to the anti-corrosion 13 a drawing, as anyone doing a piece of steel plate drilled coating but due to 7 these modifi cations will have ⁄8 inch clamped to the side poor machining of to check the dimensions from plate to act as a guide. Whilst the frames. It was their own machine. The original rather crude, it did allow me to clear that the seat and the new adjusting screws remove almost all the cast iron machined onto the are shown in photo 10, with required, with just a crescent- side frames to allow the new bearing and the turned shaped sliver left, which I the cross beam to locating ‘pip’ on the end shown removed with the old fashioned fi t had not been in photo 11 with the original method of a very small cold machined square and bearing and adjusting screw chisel and a light hammer. I resorted to having for comparison. After fi nal assembly of the to fi t 0.2mm shims The fi led-down washer and the table clamp screw. I made similar shorter rolls, I then discovered a lack of screws to adjust the ‘nip’ on foresight on my part – the cross the top roll as well but made pin on the new adjusting screws these from 12mm diameter for the rear pressure roll caught REFERENCES bar and drilled them right the roll guard when the guard 1. McCauley, Christopher J. (Editor), Machinery’s Handbook, through at 2mm to allow was open, making it a bit of a 26th edition, Industrial Press Inc., New York, (2000). the grease to pass into the nuisance as the guard had to be 2. British Steel Corporation, Iron and Steel Specifi cations, bearings. I would advise lifted slightly to allow the screws 4th Edition (1974) anyone contemplating carrying to be rotated easily. Not a great 3. MacCafferty, Frank, Drilling Deep Holes, published in Model out these modifi cations to problem and as it only happens Engineer, 213 (Issues 4491 & 2) pages 436-7 & 494-5 (2014). www.model-engineer.co.uk 885 In a recent Smoke Rings (M.E. 4507) I made the suggestion that a Gallery of Readers’ Work might make a welcome feature in the pages of this magazine. So many talented model engineers complete wonderful work and it is rarely seen by anyone other than family and close friends. I would like to encourage those who may be reluctant to display their work at exhibitions to consider sending me some photographs.

Gallery The Croft Mill Engine Mk II by Gordon Barber.

appily I have had some in Ludlow where there was a traditional late 19th Century response to this idea; modestly equipped workshop small mill engine practice; the Please submit your Hfor the fi rst of this and a group of enthusiastic engine has slide valves and a photographs to the editor, occasional series Mr. Gordon pupils. He designed this drive pulley beyond the main either electronically or Barber of Great Yarmouth has simple horizontal mill engine crankshaft bearing. as prints by post. (Please submitted photos of a recently for the group with the intention Mr. Barber tells me, however, telephone me for my completed model. This is a of introducing them to some that the only casting he used address.) Any item of model model of the Croft Mill Engine basic pattern making and in his model pictured here engineering, be it a steam as described by John Bertinat, aluminium alloy casting (the was the 7 inch fl ywheel. The engine, I/C engine, item of 3 starting in Model Engineer, Vol engine bed was not hollow cylinder bore is 1 ⁄16 inch and workshop equipment, clock, 188, Issue 4165 (2002). John on the underside and the the stroke 1½ inch. The plinth boat or aeroplane is of had, in his retirement, become cylinder was not cored for is MDF, scribed and painted to interest. involved with the local school simplicity). The design follows represent a stone bed.

886 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 1

Durango; a full size 4-6-0 model. An American Journey of Discovery

A visit with my ‘other half’ to he D&SNGRR is one railway under the aegis of the of the remnants (the Denver and Rio Grande Western Rhys Owen see her extended Chinese family in California early in Tother is the Cumbres Railroad until 1980 after which looks at & Toltec Scenic Railroad) of the railway was sold, eventually 2015 allowed me to indulge how the the narrow gauge railways becoming the property of Americans my interest in American constructed in the mountains American Heritage Railways. do things. railways. After a few days of Colorado, initially under the The fi rst sight to be seen as I of munifi cent Chinese leadership of General William walked from the Super 8 hotel hospitality I set off and, Jackson Palmer and Dr. William into the town was a full-sized over two days, drove to the Abraham Bell. Built in 1881-2 model of a 4-6-0 locomotive by the Denver and Rio Grande near the Durango tourist offi ce. Durango & Silverton Narrow Railway (later Railroad) to serve Apparently this model was Gauge Railroad in Colorado. the fl ourishing mining industry, constructed for a fi lm and is the line operated as a normal very realistic indeed (photo 1). >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 887 2 3

473 being turned before being put to bed Friday evening. 473 standing at Durango while the brakes are tested.

At Durango station I first quick look at this engine, I was seen. All the machine tools are used the blow-down cocks visited the museum, which able to tag on to a visit to the American with one exception, on each side of the fire-box has an extensive collection of works guided by the museum’s this being a British quartering to expel some of the water technical memorabilia including curator and long-serving machine. We also visited the above the foundation ring (this an early aeroplane, cars and a D&SNGRR employee, Mr. Jeff coach works where workers expels impurities and thus large model railway layout. Also Ellingson. The works aims to were busy refurbishing the decreases the frequency at present were class C-17 2-8-0 totally overhaul one locomotive line’s coaches. which the boiler needs to be No. 42 (Baldwin Locomotive per year as well as to undertake Finally we were able to washed out). Eventually the Works No.8626 of 1887). other repairs. Much re-tubing see 473 (or ‘the 473’ as the locomotive took water at a This locomotive has inside and other boiler work is done Americans would say) move wayside water column after Stephenson’s valve gear, is in and the boiler of one of the onto the turntable before being which it was a short distance fairly good condition but is too K-36 engines could be seen turned a few degrees so that to Cascade where the entire weak to be worth putting back with the cladding removed – it she could reach her stall in the train was turned by being into full working order. Nearby seemed that quite a number of roundhouse. This was rebuilt backed into a ‘wye’ - i.e. a was class K-28 2-8-2 No. 476 flexible stays were fitted to the in 1989 after a disastrous fire triangular junction. which will require some work to boiler’s firebox. (photo 2). Here the passengers got become operable. The machine shop is of mid- Next day, Saturday, I returned off, some to explore their After a little while sister 20th Century vintage, the latest to ride the train to Cascade - surroundings and others, like locomotive No. 473 drifted lathe dating from the 1980s, winter trains do not go all the me, to have a good look at 473, in with the day’s train. After a with no digital read-outs to be way to Silverton (photo 3). which is one of a batch of 10 The ten coach train trundled locomotives built in 1923 by along the side of Narrow the Schenectady works of the 4 Gauge Avenue (!) then over a American Locomotive Company complicated road intersection. (works Nos. 64981-90). Seven Here, as elsewhere in the USA, of these locomotives were when a train is approaching a requisitioned by the US Army in grade crossing (American for the Second World War. These ‘level crossing’), the locomotive were sent to the 3-foot gauge gave a ‘long-long-short-long’ White Pass & Yukon Railroad series of whistles. in Alaska and were scrapped After crossing a river bridge after the war. Fortunately Nos. the train headed along the 473, 476 and 478 remained in valley floor then started to climb Colorado (photo 5). into the hills. Incidentally, my Although of 3 foot (914mm) coach had a clerestory roof and gauge these locomotives are, by seemed to be a genuine period British standards, not small. The piece (photo 4). For those engine has a mass of 156,000 worried about these matters, lbs (69.6 long tons) and the the coach had two toilet tender a mass of 98,500 lbs cubicles - or, ‘rest rooms’ as (44 long tons). As with most they are referred to in the USA. American locomotives, 473 has After a while the train ran bar frames - in this case outside along a ledge hewn into the wheels - the cylinders acting the side of a gorge. As we on connecting rods, cranks and crossed a bridge to the coupling rods which, together D & S coach interior showing the clerestory roof. opposite side the engine crew with the valve gear, are all

888 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 ENGINEER’S HOLIDAY

5 6

473 standing at Cascade. 473 left hand side showing springs, frames and Y shaped end to the rear coupling rod. outside the frames (photo 6). hand side rearmost coupling rod The piston valves are stated ended in a Y fork whereas the to be 11 inches in diameter corresponding rod on the right- 7 and serve cylinders that are 18 hand side was of normal form. inches in diameter with a stroke The K-28 engines are of 22 inches. A snifting (anti- reputed to ride well and to vacuum) valve is located on top run freely, the 44 inch drivers of each steam chest. allowing a fair speed to be As is normal with most attained under favourable American locomotives of this circumstances. When I generation, the cylinder and commented on what appeared the piston valve chest for each to be the minimal use of the side are formed together in one cylinder drain cocks I was large casting. These left-hand told that these are very large and right-hand castings are so that the engine loses a lot

One mysterious feature for which I could not fi nd 473 left hand rear truck assembly and bolted frame extension. an explanation was that the left-hand side rearmost coupling rod ended in a Y fork whereas the corresponding 8 rod on the right-hand side was of normal form. then bolted together under the of power if they are opened smokebox, the bar frames being when running but that they are then attached to the cylinder certainly left open when the and valve chest assembly thus engine is standing. formed. At the rear, bolted Most of the lubrication extension frames support the seemed to be by grease with cab and the wide fi rebox. some use of oil. The cylinders Another normal feature of are lubricated by oil from a American locomotives is the hydrostatic lubricator in the cab. equalised suspension, the Other features include the most prominent feature of small smokebox door next this being the substantial bar to the compound air pump, between the rearmost driving both of which are mounted on wheel and the rear truck. This the front of the self cleaning system helps the engine’s smokebox. The chimney is wheels to follow the track, thus fi tted with a spark arrestor. At aiding adhesion (photo 7). the time of my visit the engine One mysterious feature was carrying a snow plough for which I could not fi nd an (photo 8). 473 front end showing the snow plough and white painted explanation was that the left- ●To be continued. points for applying pushing pole. www.model-engineer.co.uk 889 LBSC Honoured Blue Plaque Unveiled

eoff Gillett is one of a legion of model Mike Chrisp Gengineers who owe describes a their enjoyment of our recent event hobby to the writings of masterminded a long term and prolifi c by LBSC contributor to Model enthusiast Geoff Gillett. Engineer magazine. This contributor wrote under the pen name of LBSC, often called himself Curly and had the enviable gift of writing in a way that guided any novice through the building, assembly and operation of miniature steam locomotives. Many years ago, from the back of a van on a rally fi eld, LBSC was Patron of North London SME for many years; Geoff bought the drawings the locomotive shown is Pansy and ‘Nuff Sed’ was an and some bits and pieces for expression LBSC liked to use when he’d made his point! Pansy, one of LBSC’s few 5 inch gauge designs. Soon construction. By reading and he planned to make for the then after this purchase and a false following the step-by-step six year old boy on his return to start, he was given copies of instructions, Geoff quickly his workshop at home. Model Engineer with the ‘Words discovered the enjoyment and Readers with access to and Music’, as LBSC liked to satisfaction to be gained from The Journal of The Society call them, describing Pansy’s building a miniature locomotive. of Model and Experimental His pleasure was greatly Engineers may care to look enhanced some three years at the splendid Centenary later when Pansy was steamed Issue published in January for the fi rst time. It has run 1998. In this issue is my own successfully ever since. photograph of Dr. Geoffrey Punctuating his construction Smith when he visited series, LBSC’s articles regularly Marshall House, SMEE included anecdotes and headquarters, with the story reminiscences. It was in such a and the locomotive LBSC had feature published 19th October made for him fi fty-four years 1944 that he wrote about previously. Also visible in this returning home from a stay photograph are Ayesha and at a chicken farm to which he Challenger, protagonists of an and his wife Mabel had been infamous ‘Battle of the Boilers’ evacuated. The owner, a fellow prompted by a letter from miniature railway enthusiast, LBSC published 9th February had built a raised 2½ inch 1922 in Model Engineer. gauge track on his land and Both 2½ inch gauge designs, Mavis Harriott unveils LBSC wrote about it and the Challenger was by Henry the plaque while locomotives. The Smith family Greenly and spirit fi red while Geoff Gillett looks included two small children, Ayesha was by LBSC and one on. Mavis once lived Geoffrey and Jean, who were of the fi rst coal fi red miniature in the house, now fascinated by what he was able locomotive in this gauge. Much painted yellow, next to achieve with the minimum of was written about the contest door to LBSC and his basic tools. In the article LBSC and the outcome was never wife Mabel. describes a simple locomotive conclusive, but understandably

890 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 LBSC HONOURED

LBSC claimed his locomotive eye, it must be recorded that to be the winner. Martin also published a great It was when my wife, Jean many locomotive designs and and I visited to borrow Ayesha should share at least some of for that SMEE meeting that we the accolade for our interest in fi rst met Mavis Harriott, LBSC’s the hobby. next door neighbour who has While he never met his hero, since moved away. We were it was as a gesture of gratitude made very welcome and heard that Geoff Gillett decided to many stories about LBSC that arrange for a plaque to be revealed her fondness for him mounted upon the house in and for Mabel. Mavis took us which LBSC lived and worked to view what then remained for so many years. Geoff’s of the raised track that LBSC endeavours required offi cial called the Polar Route - Purley sanction and he is indebted Oaks Light Railway - on land to Kathy Power of English between the houses and the Heritage for her strict but nearby railway main line. helpful guidance in this. Geoff Visitors to the Polar also wishes to record his Those able to attend the unveiling of the plaque included members of Sutton Route were welcomed by thanks to the present owner MEC as well as Ann Hatherill (third from left). Geoff Gillett and his wife are arrangement. Among others, of LBSC’s house and the folk standing next to Des Adeley (extreme right). Mike Dean (second from left) some members of North living in the house next door was a visitor to the Polar Route. London SME ran on this for their forbearance and raised track. One was Geoff friendly cooperation in realising plaque shows LBSC’s name Miniature with the title of ‘Who Cashmore, with whom a his ambition. as Lillian (Curly) Lawrence. was LBSC?’ and to be found special friendship developed At midday on Saturday Puzzled readers unfamiliar with the title ‘A Celebration to the extent that largely due 25th April 2015 a small group with the man will learn much of LBSC’ on the club website to this friendship LBSC agreed assembled to watch Mavis from Geoff Johnson’s and www.mcsme.co.uk Their to be Patron of North London Harriott unveil a blue plaque Ian Pollard’s diligent research studies reveal that LBSC was SME, a role he held to the commemorating LBSC’s published in the January born William Morris Benjamin end. In 1977, ten years after occupation of the property. The 2006 issue of Engineering in on 27th September 1883 at LBSC’s death, Geoff organised 31 St. Peter’s Road, Mile End a Commemorative Rally at Old Town. It appears to have the North London SME tracks been LBSC’s own decision involving as many of LBSC’s to adopt the name Lillian locomotives as could be Lawrence some time between assembled. A truly memorable 1902 and 1908. In this and a event, it was reported in the few other details Geoff’s and 16th December 1977 issue of Ian’s research differs from Model Engineer. information published in Brian It is argued that without Hollingsworth’s otherwise LBSC’s contribution, the hobby splendid and comprehensively as we know it today would illustrated biography, LBSC, most likely be a pale shadow of His Life and Locomotives what it has become and there published in 1982 by Croesor would be many fewer clubs Junction Press, long since out and societies. While accepting of print and regrettably now that there are a few modern very diffi cult to fi nd. critics who may have lost It was with great regret that sight of the fact that he was as a long standing member very much a man of his time of North London SME and and that modern equipment, brief custodian, following his materials, techniques and death, of LBSC’s locomotive, expectations have advanced Mona, a pressing alternative beyond imagination, many engagement prevented me model engineers – myself from attending the unveiling. included, with his design for I wish to record my thanks to Titfi eld Thunderbolt - became Ann Hatherill of SMEE, Des involved in the activity through Adeley of the National 2½ LBSC’s ‘Words and Music’ as Inch Gauge Association, Geoff published throughout the years Johnson of Mid-Cheshire SME in Model Engineer magazine. and, of course, Geoff Gillett Although LBSC and Martin of Surrey SME for providing Evans, a later contributor information and photographs and one time editor of the All that now remains of LBSC’s Polar Route on land between for these notes. magazine, never saw eye to the houses and the railway are these concrete posts. ME www.model-engineer.co.uk 891 The Centaur engine Dear Diane; For me personally, Exercise caution Mr. McMahons article about with spark plugs his Centaur engine was very Dear Diane; I am enjoying Ron Wright’s series on Internal fortunate in timing. At the Combustion Theory and Practice thoroughly. I do hope moment I am building a that he gets it published in a stand-alone form as soon as carburettor/mixing valve, practicable. One of my reasons, for instance, is that I have originally based on the now had to explain carburetion to students and to some Centaur pattern which adults who have been brought up solely on fuel injection. I hope will prove to be There is one point in his cylinder condition check (M.E. the solution to running 2546, p. 575) of which I am somewhat leery. Apart from the a small engine on LPG. risk of getting a shock when removing an elderly plug lead I had also reached the on a running engine, there is possibility of damage to the stage of pondering the ignition system when the spark energy cannot follow the relevance of a light spring. normal path through the sparkplug. I was warned about this Thanks to Mr. McMahon I can when electronic ignition systems fi rst appeared. Breaker- forget this and will adopt his point ignitions are not so susceptible but burned points or modifi cation. Thanks! a shorted coil are possible. Lastly, care is indicated when There are a few other dealing with transistorised fl ywheel magneto systems on thoughts about this engine equipment like lawn mowers. though. The Centaur was To carry out the check I would suggest removing the designed back in the 1950s as sparkplug boots and, when replacing, trapping a thin wire a dual fuel engine, both petrol between each boot and the upper connection of the spark and our old friend - the very plug. After bending the wires away, each spark plug can forgiving Coal Gas. There have be shorted in turn with another well-insulated wire lead been a couple of past M.E. grounded to the engine. articles from builders of this engine who both seem to imply John Bauer that there was little problem Manotick, Ontario, Canada about reliable running on petrol but one had considerable diffi culty in steady running with and that was a two stroke. Behind the tender spectacle ‘gas’, whatever that fuel may Sadly this engine seems to plate on the Driver’s side and have meant. have disappeared but may still located on the sloping face of The late professor D. H. be ‘out there’ some where. the tank is a rectangular plate Chaddock also thought that Which leads into my held on with several bolts. the Induction passage on this submitting a request to Mr. On Doug’s GA this is shown engine was somewhat larger Wright and that is for more on both sides of the tender; than really necessary for the details about the combustion this, in fact, is incorrect and swept capacity. As legend has process in two strokes. The appears on the Driver’s side Write to us it that this engine was at least last published details about only. I assume the plate gives Views and opinions expressed partly scaled down from a full this seem to be again those access to the water level gear in letters published in Postbag sized Gardner engine, perhaps published by E.T.W. in the since on the locomotive side should not be assumed to be in accordance with those of an error did creep in. 1950s and 60s and now well of this spectacle plate is the the Editors, other contributors, or Referring again to Mr. overdue for revision. tender water level gauge. Both MyTimeMedia Ltd. Correspondence for Postbag McMahon’s article there is still these points can be seen on should be sent to: one aspect not clear, to me Best regards pictures of the Britannias. Diane Carney, The Editor, at least. Is his engine running James Wells MRINA BR added briquette feeders Model Engineer, MyTimeMedia Ltd. only on petrol or is there also for water softening and I have Enterprise House, provision for running on some a photograph of a Britannia Enterprise Way, sort of gaseous fuels? tender showing this feature Edenbridge, Kent TN8 6HF F. 01689 869 874 Perhaps I could also offer a Tender detailing exactly where Doug has drawn E. diane.carney@ couple of comments about Ron Dear Diane; although not it on his GA, however I also mytimemedia.com Wrights highly interesting articles building a Britannia kit I have have two pictures of tenders Publication is at the discretion of detailing internal combustion. found Doug Hewson’s articles showing it diagonally opposite the Editor. The late Edgar T. interesting and helpful in the and located near to the tender The content of letters may be edited to suit the magazine style Westbury carried out a building of my own locomotive, step and adjacent to the short and space available. long series of experiments however with regard to the handrail on the tender top. Correspondents should note that with supercharging model tender GA appearing in Model The fi tting of this item seems production schedules normally involve a minimum lead time of six engines and admitted that Engineer No. 4506 there are very arbitrary and it is doubtful weeks for material submitted for he was unable to prove any a couple of errors. On the if any offi cial information publication. In the interests of security, gain in performance with his Britannias the tender front exists on this - so is a case of correspondents’ details are supercharging efforts. As far buffer beam went right up to builder beware. not published unless specifi c as I can recall only one reader the coal fall plate, on other BR instructions to do so are given. Responses to published letters submitted an article about a Standards it stopped short, as Regards are forwarded as appropriate. model supercharged engine shown on Doug’s drawing. David Spooner, Worksop

892 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 POSTBAG

Pre-loved machinery? egos that they think they Predicting the demise Dennis: “Yes, I put a billet Be very wary … can get away with thumbing of model engineering of bronze in the CNC mill and Hi Diane; I was wondering if I their noses at hundreds of as we know it then ran the G Code I had might appeal to the readership amps at mains voltages and Dear Diane; My concerns downloaded, all on my own” for assistance in a Third World undertake whatever mickey- below may have been aired Spectator: “And the boiler?” charitable water-aid project mouse lash-up that they can before but I have not seen Dennis: “Bought ready made I am involved with. Much of get away with. However, in an article pulling together all complete with all certifi cation the necessary work involves the real world, if that newly the current trends in model - under the new legislation building machinery and my acquired ‘ticking time bomb’ engineering and predicting the boilers have to be made by current priority is to obtain happens to electrocute the demise of model engineering certifi ed and registered boiler donations of surplus/salvaged new owner then the seller is up as it used to be known. makers” electrical industrial switchgear for culpable manslaughter - no I was fascinated and Spectator: “Those tiny bolts for custom machine builds, longer something to thumb intrigued by the very interesting in the frame stays look like pump controllers and the like. I your nose at! Even though we article, The Mastiff Plus by Mick they are to scale. Are they would like to fi nd a few ‘point- might be dead I am sure that Knights (M.E. 4507) particularly strong enough for a passenger men’ to be my ‘eyes and ears’ most of us would not want our when he describes that the hauling engine?” to locate required equipment, reputations sullied by being majority of the parts for the fi rst Dennis: “Oh, they are just probably industrial electricians/ remembered as ‘that bl--dy build are CNC based. decorative. The frames are engineers or those working in low-life so-and-so that killed Ah! I thought, just buy the held together with water-cut the salvage/recycling industries, that innocent young guy who billets of aluminium, download tabs that slot into holes and not only in the UK but also the bought his hand-me-down and run the G code and out then the tabs are welded using larger European industrialised miller in good faith’. pops the component (crank TIG.” countries - Germany, France, There is a simple solution: case etc.). An easy way to Spectator: “I suppose the Switzerland, Holland, etc. Any have your solicitor insert into make a model with guaranteed paint job was done by hand, offers of help would be most your will a clause to the effect of accuracy and fi nish and also to though, seeing as this is a one- gratefully appreciated (contact requiring the estate manager or get into CNC at the same time. off prototype?” e-mail, below). their appointed agent charged Developing this concept a Dennis: “Computer- Still on matters electrical, I with disposal of the machinery little in my mind I became a generated Transfers, actually” read Chris Hazel’s response to be under obligation to bit alarmed as to where model Spectator: “But you said you (Postbag, Vol. 212, No. 4478) inform the purchaser that the engineering seems to be built this model yourself.” to a reader’s correspondence machinery has been modifi ed heading these days. Dennis: “I did. I assembled regarding his three phase and that they should obtain Almost all the parts of all the computer-generated inverter milling machine a safety inspection certifi cate a working model (except components myself” conversion and although he from a suitably experienced and perhaps the boiler) can now light-heartedly says that his qualifi ed electrical trades worker. be created without the builder Can you see where all completed project may void Likewise, when it is you actually making anything - and this is leading? a few of the stricter industrial who are the buyer, be I’m not referring to the model safety compliance regulations, suspicious and cynical of kits already available. Imagine Model Building Instructions there are a few important assurances of safety and have this scenario:- In the old (e.g. LBSC) days caveats to that. It is easy to it independently checked prior Dennis takes his gleaming models were built from forget (some will disagree!) that to switching on. Something to brand-new self-built model to drawings and instructions (the we are not immortal. So what think about. the track for it’s fi rst steaming. Words and Music as LBSC happens when we die? Our I can already hear the Spectator: “That’s a lovely used to say). Instructions were improvised, converted machine armchair critics sniggering model, did you build it ‘chuck a piece of ½ inch steel gets fl ogged off at the next ‘don’t buy dodgy used yourself?” and turn the end down...’ and auction or clearance sale to machines then!’ Well, I’ve got Dennis replies proudly “Yes ‘put the dome casting in the be inherited by the unwitting news for the hecklers; you don’t and it only took me three four jaw chuck and square off proud new owner. Now, from have to search long and hard to weeks” the chucking piece...’, ‘silver what I saw of Chris’ original hear stories of people who have Spectator: “Those coupling solder the crank webs..’ article he struck me as a quite purchased even brand new rods are superb - how did In future models will be competent installer and (in machines (usually of Far East you machine those blended built merely from photos spite of some of the criticisms) manufacture) who report ‘near curves?” and computer generated the job was well fi nished in death’ experiences of earth Dennis: “Oh, I didn’t machine components:- a workmanlike manner. The wires fl oating free, switches those - they came as water-cut problem is that not everyone falling apart in normal use, etc. parts” Introducing a New Model To is like Chris Hazel. There are So what’s the lesson? New Spectator: “And the cylinder Build At Home: the Digital Age some unbelievable walking or old - better to spend a small castings - this is an unusual Express Locomotive. horror stories out there whose amount of money having a prototype - did you make the Drawings: None - see photos. weapons of choice are bald- qualifi ed electrician give the pasterns yourself?” Instructions: Download the faced ignorance and stupidity. machine a ‘once-over’ than to Dennis, proudly: “Yes, I videos. My experience has been that incur a whole lot grief later. downloaded the RepRap code Castings: None - download many otherwise competent and printed out the patterns on and run the RepRap code to machinists are completely Kind Regards, my 3-D printer” make the patterns. pig-ignorant when it comes Andre Rousseau, Auckland Spectator: “Well, what about Machining castings: to matters electrical. Many South, NEW ZEALAND. the dome and chimney, did you Download and run the G code are so blinded by their own [email protected] make those yourself?” for the CNC mill and lathe. >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 893 Flat metal parts: Download feature is described ‘a bit of the .dxf fi les and send to the a hack’. water cutting company. Is it a bit premature for the Painting and fi nishing: above scenario to happen go to the digital transfers today? I don’t think so. All website and download the the technology is there - it print fi le to make the transfers just hasn’t all been brought on your laser printer. together in a single project yet. Model classifi cations Agreed, some of the I fear that modern (or at advanced technology is least near-future) models not as stable as would be will be nothing more that required for inexperienced metal versions of the old user application. But Billy Stock drives Roger Holland’s LENR/ER A4, Wild Swan. Airfi x kits assembled by gradually stability and the builder. Even gluing performance will improve the parts together is now and I can readily foresee the commonplace instead of above scenario occurring silver soldering and press fi ts. in my lifetime and I’m no Do we now have to youngster. differentiate (especially for Please note that although I competitions) between 100% do bemoan the de-skilling of scratch-built models and traditional workshop practice models ‘built’ from kits of in model engineering (long ready-made components gone are the days of cutting and even from models out locomotive frames with incorporating computer- the hacksaw guided by the generated components? top of the vice jaws - a la David Kerry prepares to join the running line with his 9F, Evening Star. There would be too many LBSC - and the chiseling (Photo by Dave Roberts.) classifi cations to keep track of. to shape of traction engine spokes as described in the Too early yet? Allchin book by W.J. Hughes), I noted that Mick Knights I am not sitting in judgment said he did not intend to about how people should provide the G code for The build their models. Mastiff Plus. I can understand I am, however, making Urmston & District MES why; G code is currently the point that the meaning sometimes unpredictable of ‘Model Engineering’ and Billy Stock organises a three day event. and there could be serious what actually comprises an implications if a user ran G engineering model is rapidly code prepared by the model changing. The proportion e so often hear about Day Bank Holiday weekend was publisher and it ran havoc of actual home made the ageing population by far the busiest of the year on his milling machine and content in models should be Wat the average Model as the park was given over to a cause expensive damage. declared, particularly where Engineering Society. I am steam fair, ‘May Day Steam’ and For example, see the article competitions are concerned delighted to report, however, the track - a half mile running in the same issue of M.E. and the judges should take that at UDMES Ltd there is a around the perimeter - hauled by Andrew Johnston: Worm this into account. (This may young member who has been thousands of passengers over Wheel and Worm; Design already be the case.) an inspiration to all since he the three days. Since the demise and Manufacture where the wandered into the park as a of May Day Steam, however, G code radius correction Khon Ban Nok, Thailand. youngster and was captivated the club have held an open day by what he saw. Billy Stock has and this year Billy, along with a rarely missed a Sunday at the handful of helpers, decided to track and, under the guidance make sure it was to be another of one or two mentors, has great success and a hugely I am grateful to Khno Ban Nok for sharing his thoughts completed his fi rst locomotive, enjoyable weekend, indeed on the future of model engineering. I would like to ask become a passed out driver visitors came from as far afi eld readers to consider the following question and we will of passenger trains and even as Scotland. As it turned out publish the best of the responses. competed in IMLEC. it became something of a ‘big Why is it essential that the ability to make two UDMES has provided a public engine’ weekend. Unfortunately components fi t together perfectly, by human hand alone, service every single Sunday - Saturday’s weather was is preserved in an age when technology now facilitates summer and winter - for many not kind, raining heavily all machines to ensure perfection, more quickly and, years. Occasionally the most afternoon, but Sunday and arguably, more effi ciently? severe weather has been known Monday were fair and several of In asking this question I am not expressing a view, to force them all to retreat to the us went home having caught the but am simply intrigued by readers’ thoughts on the clubhouse but that’s a very rare sun! These few photographs tell subject. Ed. event! For many years the May some of the story.

894 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 CLUB OPEN DAY

No less than four Duchesses! The nearest, Duchess of Sutherland was built What a character! The late Arthur Eve’s freelance American by Geoff and Nigel Gregson of Sale in the mid 1990s but had been a glass engine is now in the care of Keith Tilbury. case model until purchased recently by Jason Pattinson.

Saturday’s overcast skies looked ominous but the turn out was great! Duchess of Abercorn was the Gregsons’ fi rst of fi ve built; this one they kept and ran themselves - the next four were built for customers. Urmston & District MES Open Day

A static display adorns the coal shed.

Your Editor seems to have drawn the short straw and got the afternoon turn Young Jeanie Walker (17) prepared and ran her engine unsupervised (in the rain!) Loco: 60529 Pearl Diver by Peter Walker. (Photo by Dave Roberts.) on a much busier, sunny Bank Holiday Monday.

www.model-engineer.co.uk 895 Garrett 4CD TractorPART 15

Chris Gunn makes the in 6 inch scale remaining valve gear components.

Continued from p.757 M.E. 4508, 15 May 2015

6 inch scale Garrett 4CD built by Bob Whitehead and presently owned and rallied by Rob Bailey of Rushden.

This article has been written to guide the builder through the construction of the 6 inch scale Garrett 4CD tractor designed by Chris d’Alquen. The writer has previously built a 4 inch scale Garrett and a 6 inch scale Foden wagon so has the benefit of considerable experience in larger scale modelling. Most machining can be done in the average home workshop but the supplier from whom the castings and drawings are currently available is able to provide a machining service for the largest items if required.

Valve gear drilled in the Bridgeport, using centreline of the plate and set Having completed the the DRO to ensure accuracy. it at the right radius and then it eccentrics and straps in the Once the holes were done, was easy to spot through the last episode, I will continue the slot was next and this was expansion link pivot holes and 7 with the rest of the valve gear shown as being set on an 11 ⁄8 bolt the link to the corner of the parts this time. inch radius. This was way out plate. I moved the table so the I decided to make the of range of my rotary table, slightly undersize sharp cutter expansion links next so I could but not of the steel plate I was on the centreline and 1 make sure the eccentric rods have that fits on top (the one I started machining the slot in ⁄16 would fit when they were made used to assemble the wheels). inch steps. after the links. The drawing of That said, I could only just I tightened everything up as the expansion links is available squeeze the expansion links on much as possible, used plenty as part of the set of drawings a diagonal and I just had room of suds and it went better than from A. N. Engineering as usual. to tap a couple of holes that I thought, with minimal chatter. I managed to locate a piece were in line with the expansion When I was through I could of ½ inch thick gauge plate link pivot holes, to hold the link move the table up a few thou for the links, split it in two while I cut the slot. in each direction and clean up Drawings, castings and and then marked it out for all As the expansion links were the edges of the slot to size, 13 machining services are the holes. I also put ⁄16 inch rectangular at this stage, this taking care to cut against the available from A. N. diameter holes at either end of made setting up a little easier. direction of rotation of the Engineering: Email:  the slot, as the run-out for the I could set the centreline of cutter. The DRO came in handy [email protected] die blocks. The holes were all the blank on the diagonal here, as I noted the amount

896 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 GARRETT 4CD TRACTOR

I moved the table, so I could use the same settings for the 125 126 second one (photo 125). Once the slots had been cut, the two blanks were held together in the vice and the height reduced. I had deliberately left the blanks well over size so there was plenty to get hold of if needed during the cutting of the slot (photo 126). The links were returned to the rotary table again, with the minimum amount of metal to be Cutting the slot in the expansion link. Milling down an expansion link. removed to generate the radius, using exactly the same set-up, only this time the back of the 127 128 link was radiused (photo 127). The rest of the profi le of the links were then milled out, holding them vertically in the vice and the oil holes drilled. I made the die blocks from a high tech Tufnol like material, made from textiles impregnated with a lubricant, called Orkot. I had used this at work as guide blocks fi tted to a fast moving chain. Everything Profi ling an expansion link. Machining the lifting links. else we used did not stand up to the wear until we used the Orkot. I felt if it was good 129 130 enough for that application, it was good enough for this one. I had used this on my 4 inch Garrett and it was still as new after 10 years. I was lucky - I had taken a scrap component home about 15 years ago whilst still working and now its time had come. I was just able to get a piece big enough for the two die blocks, so that was drilled and sawn to shape with The completed lifting links. The completed lifting link levers. a hacksaw and fi nished with a fi le. I did not need to harden the fork and on the outside of This did not matter too much made from bar stock, the holes the expansion link as I was the fork, which would become a as the LP lower needed to be drilled in the Bridgeport using using this material, although I precise radius between the fork off-set and all rods needed the DRO to make sure all the was conscious that a hardened end and the main part of the welding to the Tee section, so hole centres were exactly the link would mean it would not rod. Once the holes were done, more distortion was possible. same, which is important with wear around the pin holes. As the blanks were held in the vice I did not weld the rods at this these parts. Then the waste I write this, the link remains on the Bridgeport and the fork stage as I needed to put the was milled away (photo 128). unhardened but that may end machined out down to the bends in them and I could not The upstanding bosses on change on fi nal assembly. cross hole, using the expansion do this until the crankshaft and each end of the lifting links were Next came the four eccentric link as a gauge. I made sure eccentrics were assembled and rounded on the rotary table rods; the Tee ends of the rods the slot was deep enough to the block fi tted. Once the rods and fi nished off on the linisher. had already been made and allow the pivot pins to go in and were fi nished, I tried them on the Photograph 129 shows the attached to the eccentric straps. the rod swivel enough to cope links and I made four stainless completed lifting links. For the main part of the rod, with the expected movement in steel pins and cross drilled them The lifting link levers were I had some 1 x ¾ inch bright service. The rods were turned for split pins. I keep the jigs in a next, also shown on the same bar to use, so cut four pieces through 90 degrees in the vice plastic bin labelled ‘Cross drilling drawing as the lifting links. slightly over long to allow for and the bulk of the material jigs’. After a comment from my Four levers were made to the bends in some of the rods. machined away to leave the grandchildren, I now also have a fi nish up as two pairs of forked These were then drilled with not rod. As expected the back of bin marked ‘Happy drilling jigs’. levers. These were made from only the pivot hole being put in, the rod had a bend in it as the I stayed with links and did the the solid in the same way as but also holes at the bottom of stresses in the bar were relieved. lifting links next. These too were the lifting links (photo 130). >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 897 131 132

Machining a radius in the reversing lever. Showing the set-up in more detail.

The remainder of the valve gear was completed at this 133 134 stage. One more lever was required, which was more difficult to make as it has a severe off-set in it over a short centre distance. I decided to make this in two pieces. One was the boss at the big end - a simple turning job which was made first - and the other was the lever with the bend in it. This part is crying out to be Profiling the lifting lever. made from a casting but as none was on offer (probably as making a pattern would not I felt it would be easier to make be very easy either) it had to be fabricated. the shaft of the valve rod fit the bore I took a piece of bright bar, the correct thickness for the of the guide, rather than the other way small boss, and thinned the bulk of it down leaving just round, especially as the valve guides a rectangle where the boss would finish up. I drilled the were to be made from bronze. The completed reversing lever. hole in the boss and then tapered the sides. The next step was to put the severe that bending the flat bar with increased the diameter of the locate the small end on the bend in the lever so I heated the equipment I had would cut until the radius matched centre of the rotary table and it up to red heat and beat the have been a problem. that of the boss and then clamped the lever onto it. I bend into it. I had to have In the end I held the lever advanced the table until the centred the table in relation to several goes at it to get it down onto the table of the radius was in the right position the spindle and took the waste right but I was pleased with Bridgeport with a bolt through to give the correct centres material from the lever end the result. Once I had got the the hole in the small boss, set a (photo 132). Once I had and also machined the boss right off-set in the blank, the jack under the big end and put finished off the cutting of the round as well (photo 133). next step was to mark out the a clamp over that. I was still not radius in the lever end, I set Photograph 134 shows the position of the large boss at happy the lever would stay put the lever and the loose boss finished lever. 7 the correct centres. Once this under the interrupted cut when I up on a piece of plate, holding The drawing called for a ⁄8 was completed I had to hold cut the radius with a boring bar. the parts with bolts through inch diameter lifting link shaft the bent lever to cut the radius I decided to clamp a couple of the bosses, thus holding both and I was lucky enough to find 7 for the boss. I did not have a pieces of round bar either side bosses parallel. The boss was a bit of ⁄8 inch material so it was lot to hold onto now the sides of the lever to stop the lever then welded. a moment’s work to cut this to of the lever were tapered. moving sideways (photo 131). All that remained was to length and face off the ends. However I did not have much The radius was cut with finish off the small boss so I I also needed to make a choice in the matter as I felt a boring bar. I gradually made a suitable centre pin to reach rod to connect the

898 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 GARRETT 4CD TRACTOR

reversing stand lever but this could only be completed when Fig 23 3/16 the tender was fi tted and 2 1/4 the cylinder block fi tted. The 3/16 drawing shows a machined Check from 5/16 clevis at each end of the rod, Trunk Guide but a more practical method of building the rod is to make the clevis from a pair of straps to go either side of the lever, A/F bolted through the reach rod.

I had some stainless steel 1 1/8 strip earmarked for this, (of unknown provenance), so these were drilled with my drill Drill oil hole Ø5/8 ream to match Trunk running at a slow speed, as Ø3/4 for valve Guide Guide Thread 3/4in British Standard I already knew the hard way Brass 26 TPI that running the drill fast and un-lubricated would burn the Valve Guides drill tip out. I made a suitable Mat’l: Bronze, 2 off shouldered pin to suit. The fi nished clevis can be seen in photo 131. I then carried on with the I needed some good chunks worn. I only ditch the tips when of a hole. Next I could drill and rest of the valve gear parts, as of 1.5 inch AF bronze hexagon they are well worn, or chipped. ream the hole through the bolt well as the valves themselves. from which to machine these Once the shank of the bolt starting afresh. Doing it this I decided to start with the but I could not fi nd a suitable was down to ¾ inch diameter, way round meant every hole valve guides so I could make bar end at my local non ferrous I cut the thread, then removed was drilled in virgin material the valve operating clevis a stockist. I managed to fi nd, the ‘bolt’ and put it in the chuck and I did not have to drill good fi t in the guides. I felt it however, an off-cut of round of my spin indexer mounted on one size and then open up would be easier to make the bronze from which I could get the Bridgeport. I marked the the hole with a second drill - shaft of the valve rod fi t the the hexagon. It was not diffi cult graduations for six divisions for as sure as anything, the bore of the guide, rather than to make a choice between and then cut the hexagon on second drill will snatch and 39 the other way round, especially buying a full bar of hexagon, or the ‘bolt’ (photo 135). dig in. Once drilled ⁄64 inch as the valve guides were to buying a short piece of round Once the hexagon was cut, the hole was reamed. It was 5 be made from bronze. The and machining the hexagon on the bolt was returned to the hard work reaming the hole ⁄8 drawing of the trunk guides one end. lathe and carefully drilled with inch diameter for the valve rod shows the valve guides and The valve guides consist of a ¾ BSP tapping drill, just clevis, as I did not have a new some of the dimensions, so for what looks like a bronze nut deep enough to take the hole reamer, so I just had to take it clarity I have produced a detail and bolt, with a hollow shank, to the centre of where I would steady with plenty of coolant drawing of the valve guides as in which the valve rod slides. I part off the nut to go with the and I got them both done. All shown in fi g 23. needed a large fi ne thread on bolt. The hole was tapped that remained was to drill an It should be noted that this the nut and bolt and I had a and then the nut was parted oil hole in the ‘bolt’, to line up is my interpretation of the carbon steel ¾ inch BSB tap off, using my rear tool post. with the oil hole in the trunk assembly drawing and also and a die I had used just once This left suffi cient material on guide boss. takes into account the tooling before. It is always advisable to the bolt to be faced off and I had available for the threads. use a new or newly sharpened cleaned up leaving no remnant ●To be continued. The valve guides fi t inside cutter when machining the valve guide boss on the bronze as it will snatch at any outside of each trunk guide. opportunity. I felt the tap and 135 7 This is drilled with a ⁄8 inch die would be suitable having 1 hole, which is ⁄8 inch bigger only been used the once. than the outside diameter of I decided to turn the shank the bronze valve rod guide of the ‘bolt’ fi rst and cut a and this difference allows the piece of bronze long enough guide to be moved around to make it and a nut as well within the boss and exactly - and enough for the parting aligned with the valve rod. This tool. This was centred and a way the alignment can be spot live centre used to support on, yet allow the individual the shank whilst it was turned components to be machined down to the right diameter without worrying about trying for the thread using a new to get them exactly in line - tip edge in my knife tool. The which would not be an easy partly worn edge of the tip can task bearing in mind all the be reused again on some more variables involved. forgiving material if not totally Milling the hexagon on the valve guide head. www.model-engineer.co.uk 899 1

Roy Simmons’ Canadian Switcher. (Photo courtesy of Gerald Chandler.)

new company All this talk of drones, and preparations were well called Deciwatt is under direct control or in hand at the time of writing. Amanufacturing a lamp autonomous, has thrown up (We will have a report in due powered by gravity. Sold for £5 the information that the Royal course; Ed.) The Association in the Third World, it generates Navy is thinking of sea-going stood at the Large Scale Geoff power for a high-brightness drones, for oceanographic Model Railway exhibition, Theasby light emitting diode by using surveying, enemy surveillance, at which they discovered a descending weight. It is etc. Having no crew means how many people are ‘out reports estimated that it will save its needing no space for sleeping, there’ with 2½ inch gauge on the purchase price within three eating, food stocks and so models who are members latest months by reducing the on, meaning they could be of neither the Association or news from the Clubs. use of paraffi n (Kerosene), small, which reduces power the Gauge 3 Society. Time limiting CO2 emissions, requirements, and/or extends for some recruitment! Gerry cutting poisonous fumes by mission endurance. Running Ackroyd designed and built the equivalent of smoking 40 on fuel cells, or solar power, his own rolling road and cigarettes fewer a day and they could be at sea for fi nds it invaluable for tuning reduces the great fi re risks. It months. Also, in another a model, learning how to takes seconds to wind up and thought about autonomous run it and checking that gives 30 minutes light. Despite fi ghting robots, no-one has everything works properly an internet search, there seems mentioned the unpredictable before taking it to a rally. to be no mention anywhere results if they are damaged Martin Barker continues his of Trevor Bayliss and his but still functional in some series on locomotive liveries, clockwork radio, which must way. How could we then concentrating on military surely have inspired it. One rely on their integrity, or examples. Barry Purchase source said that paraffi n was a likelihood to fi re off armaments writes on the Westland & biomass fuel, which it isn’t, of unpredictably, even if there Yeovil DMES ‘Toby’ project, course; it’s a fossil fuel, derived are safeguards built in during whilst Tim Smith reviews J. from petroleum. I wonder if the design and construction? Koopmans’ The Fire Burns writer was thinking of Methanol In this issue: a rolling road, Much Better, the development (wood alcohol) but that is not mouldiwarp, expanding the of the locomotive blast pipe an ‘illuminating oil’, i.e. its Navy, Lignum Vitae, more on from Trevithick to Porta and fl ame emits little visible light. the modern Royal Navy and John Baguley describes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ repainting locomotives, or not. making your own nameplates. GravityLight The theme this time is Gauge Finally, Editor, Gerald Chandler 3, or 2½ inch gauge railways. describes the Canadian As we get older, we can still Switcher, which fi rst appeared 2 lift these models, which may in M.E. in 1929, designed by explain the growing interest in Percy Hunt. Photograph 1 this standard. I received, by shows the late Roy Simmons’ post, on the very same day, example, of Bristol SMEE, as the newsletters of both the UK shown at the Spring Rally at societies involved, so, selected Cheltenham in 2009, although entirely at random, we begin built 30 years before. For those with Steam Chest, April, the who have never seen inside Journal of the National 2½ an electrically-powered model, inch gauge Association, this picture reveals the innards which has commissioned of Dave White’s shunter. Plenty a special mug to celebrate of adhesion there! (photo 2). their 40th year. A rally was W. www.n25ga.org.uk to have been held on May Ryedale Society of Model Inside Dave White’s shunter. (Photo courtesy of Gerald Chandler.) 17th at Cheltenham SME Engineers have been mole

900 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 CLUB NEWS

hunting. (Estimated UK population is 30 million.) 3 Having caught many of the ‘little gentlemen in black velvet’, members were encouraged to rampage about in their cars in order to crush the tunnels in a bid to discourage any new tenants. One of the points mechanism and switchgear enclosures was found to be full of earth. Hmmm, further work needed. The yellow lines were renewed Dean Armstrong class by Dave Baker. (Photo courtesy of Ted Sadler.) by Editor, Bill Putman, who found that the ground is now proposals to assist the may be proof that ‘there is a G3 garden railway is nearing further away than it was when shrinking armed forces by God’. Joerg Hugel shows how completion. Like the Great he last did the job and people recommissioning HMS Belfast to calculate the strength of Central, it has had to be ignore them anyway... and HMS Warrior. The Green the Earth’s magnetic fi eld with threaded in, through, below W. www.rsme.org.uk lobby suggests retaining the the aid of two £1 coins and and between the other lines Bradford Model masts and sails of the latter... some fearful mathematics. A already there. Peter Lucas Engineering Society has There are, as yet, no plans lecture on Lighthouses and the compares three radio control incoming President Jim for HMS Victory or the Mary Fresnel lens was scheduled products, all designed for Jennings remembering Rose. (Pity HMS Plymouth for 2 May. (Milton Jones said railway use. Charles Horsey traversing the 1863-built has just been scrapped! that his father used to be a has collected a number of Highland Railway line – Geoff) Furthermore, old lighthouse keeper but was G3 Metropolitan Railway approaching Kingussie at 100 vehicles and other once- sacked because he insisted locomotives, carriages and mph in a HST. Not bad for a surplus equipment could be on unplugging everything wagons, originally built from Victorian railway! Much of this repossessed. Needless to say, before going to bed.) The card, wood and metal by issue is taken up with AGM an immense bureaucracy will latest addition to the SMEE former Met apprentice Cliff reports. be established to process this collection is a differential Baker. This Westinghouse W. www.bradfordmes.co.uk materiel. Tony Deller describes engine made by Robert Dunn. ‘Camelback’ of 1906 took The Society of Model & the wheel balancing necessary Finally, the new website should my eye (photo 4). Dave Experimental Engineers’ on his 3½ inch gauge Schools now be operational. Lowe scratch-builds the Journal, April, begins with a locomotive. Neil Read W. www.sm-ee.co.uk 1940s ‘Terrible Twins’, LMS picture of Mike Law being describes his multipurpose (at The Newsletter, Spring, diesels 10000 and 10001 and awarded the Kennion Shield least 15) tool, which folds up from the Gauge 3 Society, Bridget Jones discusses her by the Society for his service into a very compact space. proclaims ‘25 years, 100 and partner David’s outdoor in helping to organise the Jim Cahill expresses forthright issues, not out!’ New railway at Waikawa in NZ, MEX at Sandown Park. Much views on metrication, including Chairman, Roy Horrocks ‘building a viaduct’. Also of this issue too was taken suggesting that it was perhaps reviewed the February AGM included is this photograph up with reports for and of, fortunate that the ship taking and exhibitors. This GWR of which little is known, apart the AGM and introduces the physical metric standards Dean Armstrong class was from the fact that it was taken new Editor, Graeme Walker. from France to America built by Dave Baker (photo at SPUR 2 in Germany but A. B. Lyre discusses some foundered on the way. This 3). Ted Sadler explained it does make you look twice the current boiler testing (photo 5)! requirements. Robert Miller’s W. www.gauge3.org.uk 4 5

Metropolitan Railway ‘Camelback’ by Cliff Baker. At SPUR 2 in Germany. (Photo courtesy of Thomas Muth.) (Photo courtesy of Ian Turner.) >> www.model-engineer.co.uk 901 The Link, April/May, from Ottawa Valley Live Steamers 6 and Model Engineers, says the club has received an invitation to attend the 50th Anniversary celebrations of Quebec Model Railroad Society, who have 2400 feet of 7¼ inch gauge track. A nearby motel is recommended and the point is made that the manager speaks English! (Zut Alors! - Geoff.) Editor, Graham Copley writes a short item on whether a messy workbench is a productive workbench, with two photo examples. Discuss. David Hayman designs the tender tank of his 7¼ inch gauge switcher. W. www.trainweb.org/ovlsme Coate Express, April, Restored r/c German tanks at Birmingham SME. (Photo courtesy of Jon Williams.) from North Wilts Model Engineering Society, proves minorities. There is much more (Not strictly true but it sounds also reminds us that LittleLEC that Spring is here, with a in this vein. Excellent! good. As Traction Inspector will take place at Fareham MES good photograph of a nice W. www.nwmes.co.uk he was qualified to do it and on June 27/28th. shiny diesel outline locomotive Stockholes Farm Miniature no-one ever asked how they W. www.birminghamsme.com almost obscured by a bunch Railway Newsletter, March, got there.) A similar thing Bournemouth & District of well-developed daffodils. says that currently, ten happened when taking a BR Society of Model Engineers’ The society will celebrate its locomotives are in progress, of Standard 2-6-4 tank from B&DSME News, advises 50th Anniversary on June which six are new-builds. This Didcot to Southall. Member that Guildford MES will run a 20th, although there is no is very satisfying considering Fred Few was 90 in March. Southern Railway locomotive written evidence to confirm how few members live locally. Well done, Sir!. rally on 30th May, as it is some when it started. However The goods line is almost W. www.rsme.co.uk time since the last one took the current club track was complete, after which there will Birmingham Society place. Sadly, I could not advise officially opened in 1966 by be three independent circuits of Model Engineers says this earlier, I hope it went the then Mayor. A collage of to use. that April’s here. (She’ll well. Paul Martin has recently photographs contains one of W. www.sfmr.co.uk be in the clubhouse in the discovered the Rowland Emett a Fairford Queen adjacent to The Prospectus, April, from afternoon.) Meanwhile, the Society. They held an exhibition an anonymous locomotive Reading Society of Model February/March Newsletter in Birmingham in 2014, lasting and another young lady Engineers starts with a picture offers, ‘Ships, tanks and four months and displaying adjacent to not very much at of D49 4-4-0 Morayshire, which tools – No trains!’ but only some of his remaining all! Churchward’s only Pacific, is about to be withdrawn for insofar as applies to a machines and many cartoons. The Great Bear is described overhaul. Member Mike Sinclair display of members’ work www.rowlandemett.com and then the use of Lignum also has a 5 inch gauge D49 at a February meeting. Jon Hereford SME Summer Vitae as a bearing material. A model undergoing the same Williams is beginning his rally is on June 20/21st, at the humorous article on the new experience. ‘61249’ relates 14th year as Editor and has Broomy Hill Railway. Type 45 destroyers for the that, in 1990, on the personal lost none of his sense of W. www.littledown Royal Navy explains that they instruction of his CME, on the humour. Don Cooper gave railway.co.uk conform to the latest health ‘big railway’, he had to ensure a very interesting, illustrated And, that’s it. Another & safety standards, including that all locomotives had to talk on nuclear submarines, masterpiece put to bed. As disabled access to the crow’s bear the same livery, according although constrained as you Pippa said, (Not THAT Pippa!) nest and ammunition replaced to the corporate design may imagine from giving full ‘God’s in his heaven and all’s with paintballs, they conform manual. There was no money details. (He works in that field right with the world’. to the latest directives to actually paint anything so at Rolls-Royce in Derby.) The And finally, From the BBC on race, gender, sexual action was limited to agreeing latest design of reactor does website, via The News Quiz preference and disability and that the overhaul specifications not need refuelling in its entire on Radio 4. ‘Due to bad there will be a Maternity suite included repainting as required. service life. Jon and Russell weather, the Isle of Man ferry and a Gay Disco. (“Bonjour By the Millennium, little had Henn have each restored a will not operate on Saturday. marin.”) Saluting has been happened and some 20 liveries German WWII model r/c tank A replacement bus service will abolished as elitist and all were still visible from his office to working order. Jon’s to 1945, be provided’. crew will be permitted to grow in Derby. Rob Denton writes battle-weary condition (photo beards, including women. A on the LNER B17 class, whilst 6). Fred Roberts of G1MRA new ‘non-specific’ flag will Mike Burke tells of taking three found some photographs replace the White Ensign, locomotives from Cambridge of BSME activities at their Contact: which is deemed offensive to to Southall, with no BR crew! previous track in 1951/2. Jon [email protected]

902 Model Engineer 12 June 2015 JUNE 14 Harlington LS. Public 19 Stockport DSME. 21 Welling DMES. 10 St. Albans DMES. running, 2 - 5pm. Track Night. Contact Public Running 2 - 5pm. Richard Thomas: Contact Peter Tarrant: Dave Waggett: (Behind Falconwood Topic to be confirmed. 01895 851168. 0161 430 8963. Elec Sub stn.) Contact Contact Roy Verden: 14 Sutton MEC. Track day 20 Bradford MES. Martin Thompson: 01923 220590. from noon. Contact Open Day. All welcome. 01689 851413. 11 Worthing & District Jo Milan: 01737 352686. Contact Kevin Smith: 21 York City & DSME. SME. Councillor Vicky 15 Lancaster & 07533 316341. Special running day Vaughan. 7.30pm. Morecambe MES. 20 Chesterfield & District & Exhibition of Non- Contact Ian Aitken: Informal meeting. MES. Public running railway Models. Contact Bob Polley: 07500 611166. Contact Mike Glegg: at Hady Hill. Contact 01653 618324. 11 Sutton MEC. Club Night: 01995 606767. Mike Rhodes: 25 Sutton MEC. Afternoon First aid. Contact 15 Peterborough SME. 01623 648676. running from noon Jo Milan: 01737 352686. Brian Fosh: Vintage 20 Harlington LS. and chat night. Contact 13 Cardiff MES. Steam up/ Motorcycles. Contact Club Open Day Jo Milan: 01737 352686. Family/ visiting engines Terry Midgley: (no public running). day - no public running. 25 Worthing & District 01733 348385. Contact Peter Tarrant: Contact Rob Matthews: SME. Club meet 16 Chesterfield & District 01895 851168. 02920 255000. with Fish & Chips. MES. Meeting with talk. 20/21 Saffron Walden DSME. 13 Chesterfield & District Contact Ian Aitken: Contact Mike Rhodes: Public running. Contact MES. Efficiency Trials. 07500 611166. 01623 648676. Jack Setterfield: Contact Mike Rhodes: 28 Cardiff MES. Public 16 Grimsby & Cleethorpes 01843 852165. 01623 648676. running, 1 - 5pm. 20 SMEE. Digital 13/14 East Somerset SMEE. MES. Monthly meeting, Contact Rob Matthews: Public running at the 7.30 at Hartley Lodge. Workshop Group. 02920 255000. Classic Car Show. Contact Dave Smith: Contact Peter Haycock: 28 Chesterfield & District Contact Roy Lipscombe: 01507 605901. 01442 266050. MES. Public running 01761 414357. 17 Leeds SMEE. 21 Grimsby & Cleethorpes at Hady Hill. Contact 13 Frimley & Ascot LC. Mid summer steam up, MES. Public running, Mike Rhodes: Public running for Air 12.30 until late. Contact noon - 4pm. Waltham 01623 648676. Ambulance charity. Geoff Shackleton: Windmill site. 28 Grimsby & Cleethorpes Contact John Evans: 01977 798138. Contact Dave Smith: MES. Public running, 01276 34970. 17 Salisbury DMES. 01507 605901. noon - 4pm. Waltham 13/14 Saffron Walden DSME. George Ray: Stroudley 21 Chichester DSME. Windmill site. Public running. and his Terriers. Contact ‘Steam on Sunday’ at the Contact Dave Smith: Contact Jack Setterfield: Jonathan Maxwell: Blackberry Lane track. 01507 605901. 01843 852165. 01722 320848. 2pm – 5pm. Contact 28 Harlington LS. 13 SMEE. Polly 18 East Somerset SMEE. Ben Ernshaw-Mansell: Public running (Teddy Bears’ Picnic), 2 - 5pm. Course - Day 2. Club Night at member’s 01243 773451. Contact Peter Tarrant: Contact Peter Haycock: home track. Contact 21 Frimley & Ascot LC. 01895 851168. 01442 266050. Roy Lipscombe: Special club running. 28 Leeds SMEE. 13 York City & DSME. 01761 414357. Contact John Evans: Public running at Summer meeting. 18 Sutton MEC. New driver 01276 34970. Eggborough Track, Contact Bob Polley: training from 18.30. 21 Oxford (City of) SME. 01653 618324. from 10am. Contact Contact Jo Milan: Charity Day at the track. 14 Bedford MES. Geoff Shackleton: 01737 352686. Contact: secretary@ Club running. 01977 798138. 18 Warrington DMES. cosme.org.uk Contact Alan Beard: 27/28 Saffron Walden DSME. Natter night. Contact 21 Plymouth MSLS. Public 01234 301867. Public running. Contact Duncan Webster: running at Goodwin Park. 14 Bracknell Railway Jack Setterfield: 01925 262525. Contact Malcolm Preen: Society. Public running 01843 852165. 01752 778083. at Jocks Lane, 19 Rochdale SMEE. 28 Worthing & District Bracknell, 2.30 - 5pm. Bob Hill: Model Trams. 21 Rugby MES. Public SME. Public Running, Contact Paul Archer: Castleton Community running at Rainsbrook 2 - 5pm. Contact 07543 679256. Centre, 7pm. Contact Valley Rly., 2 – 5pm. Ian Aitken: 14 Grimsby & Cleethorpes Len Uff: 0161 928 5012. Contact Ken Eyre: 07500 611166. MES. Public running, 19/20 Romford MEC. 01788 842709. 29 Chesterfield & District noon - 4pm. Waltham Trackside afternoon/ 21 Warrington DMES. MES. Members’ Windmill site. maintenance. Running day. Contact evening running. Contact Dave Smith: Contact Colin Hunt: Duncan Webster: Contact Mike Rhodes: 01507 605901. 01708 709302. 01925 262525. 01623 648676. www.model-engineer.co.uk 903 year 5 warrantywarraanty On ALL WABECO Machines

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