DOCSLIB.ORG

GREATER BAY AREA: a 2030 OUTLOOK Opportunities and Challenges Over the Next Decade

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
GREATER BAY AREA: a 2030 OUTLOOK Opportunities and Challenges Over the Next Decade GREATER BAY AREA: A 2030 OUTLOOK Opportunities and challenges over the next decade 1 SUMMARY & RECOMMENDATIONS The Greater Bay Area (GBA) is a national initiative highlighted in the Chinese government’s 13th Five Year Plan, aiming to build a globally competitive mega-region, and by 2035, build a productivity cluster, serving as a key facilitator of the Belt and Road Initiative. The Chinese term for a mega-region, 城市群, translates to cluster of cities, and may serve as the most appropriate definition in the context of the GBA. Opportunities: While Hong Kong SAR*, Shenzhen and Guangzhou shall become the future key office clusters for the GBA, we forecast that there could be a total of 21 million sq metres of office space needed given the forecasted economic growth and the prolonged decentralisation trend. The improved connectivity of the cities’ ports, which are three of the world’s top 10 largest, should result in synergies to facilitate further growth. Challenges: The differences between the Hong Kong and Chinese economic systems, legal structure, and labour costs may become a challenge to attract the right balance of skilled labour into the GBA. Meanwhile, the cost of commuting across cities still exceeds that of intracity travel. Bridging these gaps will be crucial to unlock the untapped potential for the next stage of economic development in the GBA. Notes: *Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China 2 The GBA comprises nine cities in the Guangdong province (Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Dongguan, Huizhou, Jiangmen, Zhongshan and Foshan) as well as two Special Administrative Regions (SARs) (Hong Kong and Macau). The GBA is set to drive the Chinese economy together with the mega regions including Jing-Jin-Ji area surrounding Beijing and the Yangtze River Delta region surrounding Shanghai, and compete with other mega-regions globally including the Tokyo-Osaka mega-region in Japan, Northeast Corridor of the United States and San Francisco Bay Area. The GBA encourage the flow of young, talented workers into the tech sector as well as more general research and development activities, distinguishing itself from by forming a mega region around one dominant hi-tech productivity cluster. 3 4 CONTENT CHINA’S NEXT ENGINE 6 OF ECONOMIC GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY CLUSTERS 9 VS MEGA-REGIONS HOW DOES THE GBA 11 STACK UP? OPPORTUNITIES 16 RISKS 20 5 CHINA’S NEXT Chart 1: The Greater Bay Area Road Map ENGINE OF JUN 2004 The first Pan-Pearl ECONOMIC GROWTH River Delta Regional Cooperation and Development The Greater Bay Area (GBA) is a national initiative Forum held highlighted in the Chinese government’s 13th Five-Year APR 2010 Plan aimed at building a world-class city cluster in Southern Study on the Action Plan China and a key facilitator of the Belt and Road Initiative - for the Bay Area of the the 21st century maritime Silk Road designed to enhance Pearl River Estuary was China’s trading network. The region comprises nine cities commenced in Guangdong province (Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Dongguan, Huizhou, Jiangmen, Zhongshan, Foshan and MAR 2015 Zhaoqing) as well as the two Special Administrative Regions The GBA plan was (SARs) of the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong and formed in the Belt Macau. The initiative was signed with President Xi Jinping as and Road Initiative a witness in July 2017 and was followed by the release of the conceptual framework Outline Development Plan in February 2019, which identifies the proposed role of each city in the GBA, and the release of the three-year action plan in July 2019, which details 100 MAR 2016 GBA was highlighted measures in nine key action areas as shown in Chart 2. in China’s 13th Five-Year Plan Under the three-year action plan, by 2022 the GBA is planned to be an incubator for world-class innovation, have MAR 2017 the infrastructure to facilitate the smooth flow of people and GBA was mentioned goods and improved liveability. Under the plan, the GBA is at the 12th National planned to be a globally competitive mega-region by 2035. People’s Congress As part of the jigsaw of the GBA plan, the Chinese government of the PRC further announced its plan in August 2019 to make Shenzhen JUL 2017 Framework a model city for China and the world. Agreement on GD M HK Deepening Guangdong- Hong Kong-Macau Cooperation in the GBA Cities in Tiers Development of the Bay Area signed OCT 2017 GBA was emphasised at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China Zhaoqing FEB 2019 Guangzhou Outline Development Huizhou Plan for the GBA released Foshan Dongguan Zhong- Shenzhen shan Jiangmen Zhuhai Hong Kong Macau JUL 2019 GBA three-year action Core Cities Tier 2 Tier 3 plan released 6 Chart 2: Summary of the GBA Three-Year Action Plan (2018-2020) that released in July 2019 Optimizing 1 Establishing an 2 Establishing 3 development international innovation a modern structure and technology centre infrastructure system • Supporting the cooperation • Developing R&D and an • Developing and improving of urban and rural development international innovation and regional transport and logistics technology centre infrastructure • Supporting the development of digital world • Developing a high-level platform • Enhancing the efficiency and for innovative technology lowering costs for regional information transmissions and communications • Ensuring the quality and stability of natural resources Developing a globally 4 Promoting the 5 Developing a 6 competitive modern development of quality circle for living, industrial system ecological civilization working and traveling • Expanding modern • Strengthening the • Supporting the exchange of servicing and insurance supervision of air, culture, education, and talents industries water and land pollution • Providing incentives and • Collaborating with Hong • Establishing a green taxation subsidies for young Kong to develop an demonstration zone professionals from Hong Kong international financial hub and Macau in GBA • Supporting the • Developing the ocean- transformation of • Enhancing cooperation of the based industry green economy development of the medicines and insurance industries Accelerating the 7 Developing a 8 Safety 9 open up of business pan-Guangdong-Hong measures and economy Kong-Macau cooperative development platform • Deepening the development • Supporting the collaborative • Encouraging public of the business environment development of Hong Kong engagement and Free Trade Zones and Shenzhen’s innovation and technology industry • Strengthening the • Accelerating free trading operational coordination and investment convenience • Supporting the collaboration between Hong Kong, Hengqin, • Setting risk control policies • Facilitating the Belt and Macau and Nansha Road Initiative • Strengthening the modern servicing industry in Qianhai 7 Chart 3: GBA cities’ positions and roles GBA Cities in Tiers: Core Cities Tier 2 Tier 3 Guangzhou A leading state-level city of political, economic and cultural hub Huizhou, Zhaoqing Jiangmen, Zhaoqing Zhongshan, Foshan Guangzhou Clean energy and Huizhou green agricultural Transport, garment, production centre pharmaceuticals, food and Foshan Dongguan beverages and high-end equipment Zhong- Shenzhen and high-tech shan Dongguan Jiangmen manufacturing hub Hong Kong Electronics Zhuhai Macau and high-end manufacturing centre Macau, Zhuhai Hong Kong Shenzhen Tourism and leisure hub, electronic and International financial, Innovation and technology bio-pharmaceutical centre shipping, trading and hub, R&D centre aviation hub The heart of the GBA initiative is the development of a Chart 4: Mega-regions in China: productivity cluster amongst the four core cities: Hong GBA – Jing-jin-ji – Yangtze River Delta Kong, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Macau. Whilst the productivity cluster should emphasize intercity corporation, it should also be supported by hubs specializing in financial services, logistics, transport and tourism. The other cities, Zhuhai, Foshan, Huizhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Jiangmen and Zhaoqing should feed off of the strength of the core cities and specialize in high-value-add manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, energy and other industries supporting Jing-Jin-Ji the development of the core productivity cluster. These cities plan to be connected through a vast investment in infrastructure to facilitate the free-flow of people between Yangtze cities, as the collective strengths of each centre synergize River Delta to spur economic growth in the mega-region. The aim of the Chinese government is to leverage the development of the GBA, and along with China’s other mega-regions, the Greater Bay Area Jing-Jin-Ji and Yangtze River Delta, to support broader national economic growth and development. 8 PRODUCTIVITY CLUSTERS VS MEGA-REGIONS The GBA initiative aims to form a productivity cluster The spillover effects may be even more impressive. Despite around the four core cities, which should act as a nexus only employing about 1,500 employees in 2010, according to in the development of the broader mega-region. The University of California Berkeley Professor Enrico Moretti, formation of a productivity cluster is key to the success Facebook apps have created at least 53,000 new jobs and of the broader initiative, but what exactly is a productivity indirectly created an additional 130,000 in the services sector2. cluster, and how does it differ from a mega-region? Chart 5: Production cluster – multiplier effect Productivity clusters The concept of a productivity cluster is fairly straightforward. It is a concentration
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Early 'Urban America'
    CCAPA AICP Exam Presentation Planning History, Theory, and Other Stuff Donald J. Poland, PhD, AICP Senior VP & Managing Director, Urban Planning Goman+York Property Advisors, LLC www.gomanyork.com East Hartford, CT 06108 860-655-6897 [email protected] A Few Words of Advice • Repetitive study over key items is best. • Test yourself. • Know when to stop. • Learn how to think like the test writers (and APA). • Know the code of ethics. • Scout out the test location before hand. What is Planning? A Painless Intro to Planning Theory • Rational Method = comprehensive planning – Myerson and Banfield • Incremental (muddling through) = win little battles that hopefully add up to something – Charles Lindblom • Transactive = social development/constituency building • Advocacy = applying social justice – Sherry Arnstein’s Ladder of Public Participation – Paul Davidoff – advocacy planning American Planning before 1800 • European Traditions – New England, New Amsterdam, & the village tradition – Tidewater and the ‘Town Acts’ – The Carolinas/Georgia and the Renaissance Style – L’Enfant, Washington D.C., & Baroque Style (1791) • Planning was Architectural • Planning was plotting street layouts • There wasn’t much of it… The 1800’s and Planning Issues • The ‘frontier’ is more distant & less appealing • Massive immigration • Industrialization & Urbanization • Problems of the Industrial City – Poverty, pollution, overcrowding, disease, unrest • Planning comes to the rescue – NYC as epicenter – Central Park 1853 – 1857 (Olmsted & Vaux) – Tenement Laws Planning Prior to WWI • Public Awareness of the Problems – Jacob Riis • ‘How the Other Half Lives’ (1890) • Exposed the deplorable conditions of tenement house life in New York City – Upton Sinclair • ‘The Jungle’ (1905) – William Booth • The Salvation Army (1891) • Solutions – Zoning and the Public Health Movement – New Towns, Garden Cities, and Streetcar Suburbs – The City Beautiful and City Planning Public Health Movement • Cities as unhealthy places – ‘The Great Stink’, Cholera, Tuberculosis, Alcoholism….
    [Show full text]
  • 4Q19 Earnings Call Presentation January 29, 2020 Forward Looking Statements
    4Q19 Earnings Call Presentation January 29, 2020 Forward Looking Statements This presentation contains forward-looking statements made pursuant to the Safe Harbor Provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties or other factors beyond the company’s control, which may cause material differences in actual results, performance or other expectations. These factors include, but are not limited to, general economic conditions, disruptions or reductions in travel, as well as in our operations, due to natural or man-made disasters, pandemics, epidemics, or outbreaks of infectious or contagious diseases such as the coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China, new development, construction and ventures, government regulation, risks relating to our gaming licenses and subconcession, fluctuations in currency exchange rates and interest rates, substantial leverage and debt service, gaming promoters, competition, tax law changes, infrastructure in Macao, political instability, civil unrest, terrorist acts or war, legalization of gaming, insurance, our subsidiaries’ ability to make distribution payments to us, and other factors detailed in the reports filed by Las Vegas Sands with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward- looking statements, which speak only as of the date thereof. Las Vegas Sands assumes no obligation to update such information. Within this presentation, the company may make reference
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1: Rank of China's 338 Prefecture-Level Cities
    Appendix 1: Rank of China’s 338 Prefecture-Level Cities © The Author(s) 2018 149 Y. Zheng, K. Deng, State Failure and Distorted Urbanisation in Post-Mao’s China, 1993–2012, Palgrave Studies in Economic History, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92168-6 150 First-tier cities (4) Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou Shenzhen First-tier cities-to-be (15) Chengdu Hangzhou Wuhan Nanjing Chongqing Tianjin Suzhou苏州 Appendix Rank 1: of China’s 338 Prefecture-Level Cities Xi’an Changsha Shenyang Qingdao Zhengzhou Dalian Dongguan Ningbo Second-tier cities (30) Xiamen Fuzhou福州 Wuxi Hefei Kunming Harbin Jinan Foshan Changchun Wenzhou Shijiazhuang Nanning Changzhou Quanzhou Nanchang Guiyang Taiyuan Jinhua Zhuhai Huizhou Xuzhou Yantai Jiaxing Nantong Urumqi Shaoxing Zhongshan Taizhou Lanzhou Haikou Third-tier cities (70) Weifang Baoding Zhenjiang Yangzhou Guilin Tangshan Sanya Huhehot Langfang Luoyang Weihai Yangcheng Linyi Jiangmen Taizhou Zhangzhou Handan Jining Wuhu Zibo Yinchuan Liuzhou Mianyang Zhanjiang Anshan Huzhou Shantou Nanping Ganzhou Daqing Yichang Baotou Xianyang Qinhuangdao Lianyungang Zhuzhou Putian Jilin Huai’an Zhaoqing Ningde Hengyang Dandong Lijiang Jieyang Sanming Zhoushan Xiaogan Qiqihar Jiujiang Longyan Cangzhou Fushun Xiangyang Shangrao Yingkou Bengbu Lishui Yueyang Qingyuan Jingzhou Taian Quzhou Panjin Dongying Nanyang Ma’anshan Nanchong Xining Yanbian prefecture Fourth-tier cities (90) Leshan Xiangtan Zunyi Suqian Xinxiang Xinyang Chuzhou Jinzhou Chaozhou Huanggang Kaifeng Deyang Dezhou Meizhou Ordos Xingtai Maoming Jingdezhen Shaoguan
    [Show full text]
  • INTERIM REPORT 2019 3 Business Review
    SHENZHEN INVESTMENT HOLDINGS BAY AREA DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LIMITED (incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability) Stock Codes: 737 (HKD counter) & 80737 (RMB counter) 2019 Guangzhou INTERIM REPORT Huizhou Dongguan Foshan Jiangmen Shenzhen Zhongshan Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao AboutsAbout Us Us Shenzhen Investment Holdings Bay Area Development Company Limited (formerly known as Hopewell Highway Infrastructure Limited) (the “Company”) (stock codes: 737 (HKD counter) and 80737 (RMB counter)), listed on the Stock Exchange since August 2003, adopts development strategies focusing on the infrastructure and correlated business within the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Shenzhen Investment Holdings Company Limited, a corporation wholly-owned by Shenzhen Municipal State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, became the ultimate parent company of the Company on 4 April 2018. Contents 2 Business Review 13 Financial Review 22 Interim Dividend 23 Other Information 28 Report on Review of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 29 Condensed Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income 30 Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 31 Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 32 Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 33 Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 43 Appendix – Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Information (Prepared under Proportionate Consolidation Method) 45 5-Year Financial Summary 48 Glossary 51 Corporate Information 52 Financial Calendar BUSINESS REVIEW General Business Performance Aggregate average daily toll revenue generated by the GS Superhighway and the GZ West Superhighway (also known as the “Western Delta Route”) in the first half of 2019 amounted to RMB12.69 million, largely flat YoY as compared to the corresponding period last year, whereas the total toll revenue was RMB2.296 billion.
    [Show full text]
  • EDUCATION in CHINA a Snapshot This Work Is Published Under the Responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD
    EDUCATION IN CHINA A Snapshot This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Photo credits: Cover: © EQRoy / Shutterstock.com; © iStock.com/iPandastudio; © astudio / Shutterstock.com Inside: © iStock.com/iPandastudio; © li jianbing / Shutterstock.com; © tangxn / Shutterstock.com; © chuyuss / Shutterstock.com; © astudio / Shutterstock.com; © Frame China / Shutterstock.com © OECD 2016 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgement of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. Education in China A SNAPSHOT Foreword In 2015, three economies in China participated in the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment, or PISA, for the first time: Beijing, a municipality, Jiangsu, a province on the eastern coast of the country, and Guangdong, a southern coastal province.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Combined Cooling Heating Power CCHP in Hengqin
    Stakeholder Coordination in District Energy Systems The case of Combined Cooling, Heating, Power“CCHP”in Hengqin, Zhuhai (China) Kenny Kun Yan / Vice President Zhuhai Hengqin Energy Development Co., Ltd. 1 Contents 1 OPTIONS OPTIONS1Project Background 2 OPTIONS 3 Stakeholder Coordination OPTIONS 4 OPTIONS 5 OPTIONSOPTIONS5 Recomendations 2 Project Background . Situation of Hengqin before development: •An uncultivated island, 106 square miles. Location of Hengqin Island: a. Coastal island in the Big Bay Area, Southern China b. Walk distance to Macau c. 34 nautical miles away from Hong Kong d. Connected with Hong Kong by the famous Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge . Climate Conditions: a. Typical Subtropical Oceanic Climate b. Annual Average Temperature: 22.5 °C c. Highest at 38.5c in Aug. and lowest at 2.5 °C in Jan. 3 Project Background . District Positioning: a. Pilot free trade zone at the world level b. International Tourism centre c. An ecological and smart Island, complying with the National Initiative of Innovative-driven and Be Positioned as A Top-level Green Growth District Globally . Energy Supply: a. Demand for an additional Green Power Station b. The capability of instantly adjusting electric peak and load for the grid of the Big Bay Area CCHP(gas powered) Project: c. Cooling/heating in need: 30 million square An inclusive decision for the meters construction area, including commercial Green Energy Supply and municipal buildings 4 Project Description (I/II) – General aspects . Outline of CCHP General Process Flow: Oceanic Oil Field Grid Gas Steam Power Generation Station Steam Users Steam Cooling Grid CCHP Heating Energy Station End Users 5 Project Description (I/II) – General aspects .
    [Show full text]
  • Planned Communities
    Planned Communities ROBERT C. WEAVER, Administrator, Housing and Home Finance Agency •WRITING IN the New York Times, Columnist James Reston recently noted that, "In a fit of exuberance or absentmindedness we have increased the population of the United States by over 50 million since 1945." As we all know, the exuberance and absentmindedness of which Reston spoke is con­ tinuing, and at such a pace that by the time the children of the past 15 years are grand­ parents, there will be another 125 million or so Americans. Morever, at least 85 per­ cent of the 300 million people in the nation will be living in urban places by the year 2000. This growth is the most portentous single fact of our time-always excepting the thermonuclear threat. It means that in the next 40 years we will have to build as much housing, industry, highways and related development as we have built in our previous history. And it means, moreover, that the amount of land consumed by urbanization will be at least double the acreage now urbanized. This tremendous population surge will be accommodated largely in what we today consider the metropolitan fringe, and, in many cases, in undeveloped or argricultural lands even farther out. By 2000, Megalopolis will be a fact, certainly the fast-growing East Coast "super-city" stretching from Boston to Richmond and the West Coast area b etween San Francisco and San Diego will appear, in another 40 years, as continuous urbanized places. The previous 40 years of metropolitan growth has produced a phenomenon variously know as "Spread City," "urban sprawl" and "slurbs." In other words, much of our suburban development heretofore has been a mess.
    [Show full text]
  • Bay to Bay: China's Greater Bay Area Plan and Its Synergies for US And
    June 2021 Bay to Bay China’s Greater Bay Area Plan and Its Synergies for US and San Francisco Bay Area Business Acknowledgments Contents This report was prepared by the Bay Area Council Economic Institute for the Hong Kong Trade Executive Summary ...................................................1 Development Council (HKTDC). Sean Randolph, Senior Director at the Institute, led the analysis with support from Overview ...................................................................5 Niels Erich, a consultant to the Institute who co-authored Historic Significance ................................................... 6 the paper. The Economic Institute is grateful for the valuable information and insights provided by a number Cooperative Goals ..................................................... 7 of subject matter experts who shared their views: Louis CHAPTER 1 Chan (Assistant Principal Economist, Global Research, China’s Trade Portal and Laboratory for Innovation ...9 Hong Kong Trade Development Council); Gary Reischel GBA Core Cities ....................................................... 10 (Founding Managing Partner, Qiming Venture Partners); Peter Fuhrman (CEO, China First Capital); Robbie Tian GBA Key Node Cities............................................... 12 (Director, International Cooperation Group, Shanghai Regional Development Strategy .............................. 13 Institute of Science and Technology Policy); Peijun Duan (Visiting Scholar, Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies Connecting the Dots ..............................................
    [Show full text]
  • Acesite Mansion – Zhuhai (珠海-玖龙玺) Stirling Residences – Singapore (新加坡-尚景苑）
    Logan Property Holdings Company Limited 2019 Interim Results Presentation August 2019 1 I Results Highlights II Land Bank Contents III Regional Penetration IV Outlook & Urban Renewal 2 I Results Highlights II Land Bank Contents III Regional Penetration IV Outlook & Urban Renewal 3 Key Highlights: Interim Results 2019 1 Core Profit1RMB4.67bn（+59%） 4 Urban Renewal projects with saleable resources Core Profit RMB1.8bn from Urban Renewal of RMB325bn, Core Profit Margin 15%-20%, Sustained Solid Business Urban Renewal: new driver for continuous earnings growth Core Earning GP Margin 34.8%，Core Profit Margin 17.3%， New Growth Urban Renewal business to contribute 10%-20% Growth leading the market sustainably Engine of Core Profit in the future 2 Contract Sales RMB45.3bn（+28%） 5 Completion of 2019 Contract Sales Target will Completed 53% Achieved 53% of 2019 Contract Sales Target High lock in 80% of our expected revenue in 2020. We Confident to outperform 2019 Contract Sales expect Core Profit to grow steadily in 2020 & Annual Sales Earnings Target 2021 Target Visibility As at 30 Jun 2019, weighted average cost of 6 borrowings 6.1% Diversified Financing Channels including USD 3 Interim Dividend of HK38 cents（+36%） Low-cost, Stable High Payout Ratio : 40% of Core Profit attributable Multiple Financing Senior Notes, Offshore Syndicated Loans, Dividend Payout to equity shareholders Channels, Prudent Onshore Corporate Bonds & ABS, etc. Financial Policy Cash on Hand RMB38.3bn, Net Gearing 65.4%, Continuous optimization of Debt Structure,
    [Show full text]
  • The Largest Megalopolis in the World: Assessing the Urbanization of the Pearl River Delta
    ctbuh.org/papers Title: The Largest Megalopolis in the World: Assessing the Urbanization of the Pearl River Delta Authors: Peter Kindel, Director, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP Ellen Lou, Director, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP Lingyue Anne Chen, Urban Designer, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP Subjects: Sustainability/Green/Energy Urban Design Urban Infrastructure/Transport Keywords: Infrastructure Megacity Sustainability Transportation Urban Planning Publication Date: 2016 Original Publication: Cities to Megacities: Shaping Dense Vertical Urbanism Paper Type: 1. Book chapter/Part chapter 2. Journal paper 3. Conference proceeding 4. Unpublished conference paper 5. Magazine article 6. Unpublished © Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat / Peter Kindel; Ellen Lou; Lingyue Anne Chen The Largest Megalopolis in the World: Assessing the Urbanization of the Pearl River Delta 世界最大的城市集群：评估珠江三角洲地区的城市化 Abstract | 摘要 Peter Kindel | 彼得金德尔 Director | 城市设计和规划总监 With the world’s urban population expected to increase by roughly 2.5 billion people by 2050, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP developing an understanding of megalopolises is critical to understanding and shaping this SOM建筑事务所 trend. The Pearl River Delta, with over 55 million people, is one of the most populous urbanized Hong Kong, China areas in the world. This paper explores its growth, the resulting social and environmental effects, 香港，中国 as well as strategies for the region’s future. It presents historic and current urbanization facts of Peter J. Kindel is a licensed architect focused on the design of the Pearl River Delta, comparing it to other urbanized regions of the world. Questions of scale, cities and their complementary relationship to environmental growth, social and economic benefits and drawbacks, and the future viability of megalopolises and infrastructure systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Complicated HCV Subtype Expansion Among Drug Users in Guangdong
    Infection, Genetics and Evolution 73 (2019) 139–145 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Infection, Genetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/meegid Research paper Complicated HCV subtype expansion among drug users in Guangdong province, China T ⁎ Jin Yana, , Xiao-Bing Fua, Ping-Ping Zhoub, Xiang Heb, Jun Liua, Xu-He Huangb, Guo-Long Yua, Xin-Ge Yana, Jian-Rong Lia, Yan Lia, Peng Lina a Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511430, Guangdong, China b Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 160 Qunxian Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511430, Guangdong, China ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Guangdong Province is one of the most developed and populous provinces in southern China. The subtype HCV situation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Guangdong remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate Subtype and estimate the HCV subtypes in drug users (DU) using a city-based sampling strategy to better understand the Drug users characteristics of HCV transmission in Guangdong. Archived plasma samples (n = 1074) from DU who were Molecular epidemiology anti-HCV positive in 2014 were selected randomly from 20 cities in Guangdong Province. Subtypes were de- Guangdong termined based on core and/or E1 sequences using phylogenetic analysis. The distributions of HCV subtypes in DU and different regions were analyzed. A total of 8 genotypes were identified. The three main HCV subtypes in DU in Guangdong were 6a (63.0%), 3a (15.2%), and 3b (11.8%). Significant differences were discovered among different registered residency and regions but not among genders, marital status, education level, or drug use patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2019 Annual Report 2019 3
    CONTENTS Five Years Financial Summary 2 Report of the Directors 74 Financial Highlights 3 Independent Auditor’s Report 81 Corporate Profile 4 Consolidated Income Statement 86 Location Maps of Projects 6 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 87 Chairman’s Statement 14 Consolidated Balance Sheet 88 Management Discussion and Analysis 22 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 90 Investor Relations Report 56 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 91 Directors’ Profiles 59 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 93 Corporate Governance Report 62 Corporate and Investor Relations Information 182 Yuexiu Transport Infrastructure Limited Yuexiu Transport Infrastructure Limited 2 Annual Report 2019 Annual Report 2019 3 FIVE YEARS FINANCIAL SUMMARY INCOME STATEMENT Year ended 31 December (RMB’000) 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 Income from operations 3,023,221 2,847,073 2,702,844 2,519,003 2,226,023 Earnings before interests, tax, depreciation and amortisation (“EBITDA”)1 2,956,565 2,855,785 2,722,179 2,356,181 2,037,563 Profit before income tax 1,900,445 1,891,655 1,638,417 1,520,564 869,932 Profit for the year 1,595,043 1,411,681 1,267,222 1,166,477 653,022 Profit attributable to: Shareholders of the Company 1,137,590 1,054,135 947,942 918,817 532,086 Non-controlling interests 457,453 357,546 319,280 247,660 120,936 Basic earnings per share for profit attributable to the shareholders of the Company RMB0.6799 RMB0.6300 RMB0.5666 RMB0.5491 RMB0.3180 Dividend per share RMB0.3500 RMB0.3375 RMB0.2970 RMB0.2885 RMB0.2296 BALANCE SHEET As at
    [Show full text]