Informe. Elecciones Internas 2019. Eleccion De Autoridades Partidarias

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Informe. Elecciones Internas 2019. Eleccion De Autoridades Partidarias ELECCIONES INTERNAS 2019: PROCESO DE ELECCIÓN DE AUTORIDADES PARTIDARIAS SAN SALVADOR, ABRIL DE 2020 Centro de Monitoreo de Transparencia y Democracia. Copyrigth®. Todos los derechos reservados. Elecciones Internas 2019: Proceso de Elección de Autoridades Partidarias San Salvador, El Salvador, abril de 2020. Informe elaborado por: Acción Ciudadana – Centro de Monitoreo de Transparencia y Democracia. Coordinador de la investigación: Eduardo Escobar. Investigadoras: Denisse Siliézar. Ana Recinos. Infografía especial: Blanca Martínez. Este estudio ha sido posible gracias al apoyo del pueblo de los Estados Unidos de América a través de la Agencia de los Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional (USAID). Los puntos de vista/opiniones de este documento son responsabilidad de la Asociación Acción Ciudadana y no reflejan necesariamente los de USAID o del Gobierno de los Estados Unidos. Se permite la reproducción parcial o total del documento siempre que se cite su autoría institucional, no se modifique o altere su contenido, ni sea utilizado con fines comerciales. TABLA DE CONTENIDO Presentación ......................................................................................................................................... 6 1. Contexto ............................................................................................................................................ 7 2. Metodología ...................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1. Tipo de investigación, objeto de estudio y periodo a investigar ............................................... 9 2.2. Tipo de metodología y técnica de investigación ........................................................................ 9 2.3. Definición de variables ............................................................................................................... 9 2.4. Estrategia de recolección de información ............................................................................... 12 2.4.1. Solicitudes de información.................................................................................................... 12 3. Las reglas de las internas ................................................................................................................ 15 3.1. Partido Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA) ................................................................. 15 3.2. Partido Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN) ..................................... 19 3.3. Partido Gran Alianza por la Unidad Nacional (GANA) .............................................................. 23 3.4. Partido de Concertación Nacional (PCN) ................................................................................. 26 3.5. Partido Demócrata Cristiano (PDC) .......................................................................................... 31 3.6. Partido Nuevas Ideas (NI) ........................................................................................................ 35 3.7. Partido Vamos (VAMOS) .......................................................................................................... 38 4. Participación, competencia e inclusividad en las elecciones de autoridades partidarias .............. 43 4.1. Sistema de Partidos Políticos de El Salvador ........................................................................... 43 4.2. Partido Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA) ................................................................. 48 4.2.1. Nivel de participación ........................................................................................................... 48 4.2.2. Competencia electoral .......................................................................................................... 53 4.2.3. Inclusividad ........................................................................................................................... 55 4.3. Partido Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN) ..................................... 55 4.3.1. Nivel de participación ........................................................................................................... 55 4.3.2. Competencia electoral .......................................................................................................... 58 4.3.3. Inclusividad ........................................................................................................................... 59 4.4. Partido Gran Alianza por la Unidad Nacional (GANA) .............................................................. 60 4.4.1. Nivel de participación ........................................................................................................... 60 4.4.2. Competencia electoral .......................................................................................................... 62 4.4.3. Inclusividad ........................................................................................................................... 64 4.5. Partido de Concertación Nacional (PCN) ................................................................................. 65 4.5.1. Nivel de participación ........................................................................................................... 65 4.5.2. Competencia electoral .......................................................................................................... 67 4.5.3. Inclusividad ........................................................................................................................... 68 4.6. Partido Demócrata Cristiano (PDC) .......................................................................................... 68 4.6.1. Nivel de participación ........................................................................................................... 68 4.6.2. Competencia electoral .......................................................................................................... 71 4.6.3. Inclusividad ........................................................................................................................... 72 4.7. Partido Nuevas Ideas (NI) ........................................................................................................ 73 4.7.1. Nivel de participación ........................................................................................................... 73 4.7.2. Competencia electoral .......................................................................................................... 75 4.8. Partido Vamos (VAMOS) .......................................................................................................... 79 4.8.1. Nivel de participación ........................................................................................................... 79 4.8.2. Competencia electoral .......................................................................................................... 83 4.8.3. Inclusividad ........................................................................................................................... 84 4.9. Resultados comparativos por partido político ......................................................................... 85 5. Reflexiones finales .......................................................................................................................... 86 6. Bibliografía ...................................................................................................................................... 88 Elecciones Internas 2019: Proceso de Elección de Autoridades Partidarias Acción Ciudadana. Centro de Monitoreo de Transparencia y Democracia. CENTRO DE MONITOREO D E TRANSPARENCIA Y DEMOCRA CIA PRESENTACIÓN El Centro de Monitoreo de Transparencia y Democracia de Acción Ciudadana, por cuarta ocasión presenta el informe sobre los procesos electorales internos que desarrollaron los partidos salvadoreños, en esta oportunidad para elegir a sus dirigencias. En el informe se abordan las regulaciones de los procesos electorales de los partidos, también se presentan los resultados de esas elecciones, analizando el nivel de asistencia de los afiliados a las urnas, el grado de competencia electoral y la inclusión de mujeres en las candidaturas, bajo la noción de la participación democrática de la militancia, concepto acuñado por el Centro de Monitoreo. Esperamos que la información de este documento sea de utilidad para la ciudadanía, las organizaciones sociales, los partidos políticos y las autoridades electorales, pues trata una etapa crucial del proceso político democrático: las elecciones internas de los partidos. San Salvador, abril de 2020. ELECCIONES INTERNAS 2 0 1 9 : PROCESO DE ELECCIÓN DE AUTORIDADES PARTI DARIAS 6 CENTRO DE MONITOREO D E TRANSPARENCIA Y DEMOCRA CIA 1. CONTEXTO Los resultados de las elecciones presidenciales del 9 de febrero de 2019, suponen un nuevo punto de inflexión en varios de los componentes del sistema político salvadoreño, particularmente en lo que se refiere a los partidos. Se ha reconocido al sistema de partidos salvadoreños como uno de los más estables de la región, un sistema que de una u otra forma permitió gobernabilidad durante estos años. Parece que la elección presidencial agudizó la crisis del sistema de partidos con la victoria electoral de Nayib Bukele, pues, en primera instancia y como efecto inmediato, acabó con la hegemonía que durante treinta años ostentaron los partidos
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