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Chiricahua Peak Quadrangle Cochise County, Arizona Analytic Data and Geologic Sample Catalog

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Chiricahua Peak Quadrangle Cochise County, Arizona Analytic Data and Geologic Sample Catalog Chiricahua Peak Quadrangle Cochise County, Arizona Analytic Data and Geologic Sample Catalog U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2021-C Chapter C Chiricahua Peak Quadrangle, Cochise County, Arizona Analytic Data and Geologic Sample Catalog By EDWARD A. DU BRAY, DOUGLAS B. YAGER, and JOHN S. PALLISTER Geochemical data for and availability of samples collected during geologic mapping of the quadrangle U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2021 GEOLOGIC SAMPLING OF THE CHIRICAHUA MOUNTAINS, ARIZONA U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBIT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1993 For sale by USGS Map Distribution Box 25286, Building 810 Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data du Bray, E. A. Chiricahua Peak quadrangle, Cochise County, Arizona: analytic data and geologic sample catalog / by Edward A. du Bray, Douglas B. Yager, and John S. Pallister. p. cm. (U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 2021) (Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona; Chapter C) "Geochemical data for and availability of samples collected during geologic mapping of the quadrangle." Includes bibliographical references. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.3:2021C 1. Geochemistry Arizona Cochise County. 2. Geology Arizona Cochise County. I. Yager, Douglas B. II. Pallister, John S. III. Title. IV. Series. V. Series: Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona : ch. C. QE75.B9 no. 2021 [QE515] 557.3 s--dc20 [551.9'09791'53] 93-16446 CIP CONTENTS Abstract Cl Introduction Cl General geology Cl Analytic data C4 References cited C5 PLATE [Plate is in pocket] 1. Map showing sample localities and sites of geologic observations in the Chiricahua Peak quadrangle FIGURE 1. Map showing location of the Chiricahua Peak quadrangle and important geographic and geologic features in the Chiricahua Mountains area C2 TABLES 1. Status and treatment of samples collected in the Chiricahua Peak quadrangle C6 2-7. Analyses of selected samples collected in the Chiricahua Peak quadrangle: 2. Major oxides C13 3. Trace elements C16 4. Instrumental neutron activation data C21 5. Abundances of FeO, CC>2,F, andCl C22 6. Abundances of Be, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sn, and Ag C22 7. Semiquantitative spectrographic data C22 Contents III Chiricahua Peak Quadrangle, Cochise County, Arizona- Analytic Data and Geologic Sample Catalog By Edward A. du Bray, Douglas B. Yager, and John S. Pal lister Abstract press). It lists the availability of chemical data, thin sec­ tions, and hand specimens for each of the samples collected More than 210 rock samples were collected during geo­ in the quadrangle (table 1) and provides tabulations of logic mapping of the Chiricahua Peak 71£-minute quadrangle in southeastern Arizona. Energy-dispersive trace-element anal­ chemical data (tables 2-7) for samples of Tertiary volcanic yses were conducted for 155 samples, major-oxide abun­ rocks that were collected during geologic mapping of the dances were determined for 67 samples, and instrumental quadrangle. The mapping and data collection are both part neutron activation analyses were conducted for 13 samples. of a continuing volcanologic study of the Chiricahua Miscellaneous wet chemical determinations ( CO2, FeO, F, Mountains in general and of the Turkey Creek caldera in and CD were made for nine samples. Determinations of Be, Cr, particular. The geology of the area has been summarized by Ni, Pb, Sn, and Ag were made for three samples using a com­ Pallister and du Bray (1989) and by Pallister and others bination of spectrographic and wet chemical methods. Semi- (1990). The data presented here are the subject of a study quantitative spectrographic analyses were obtained for four concerning evolution of the Turkey Creek caldera (du Bray mineralized or altered samples. Standard, and in some cases and Pallister, 1991) and ongoing topical studies. polished, thin sections were prepared for about two-thirds of the samples. All of these resources aided map unit character­ ization. The availability of chemical data, thin sections, and GENERAL GEOLOGY hand specimens for each of the samples collected in the quad­ rangle is tabulated in this report. Information in this report sup­ plements the geologic map of the Chiricahua Peak quadrangle Erosion and basin-range faulting in the Chiricahua (U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-1733) Mountains have exposed multiple levels through the 27-Ma and supports ongoing investigations of the Turkey Creek (Pallister and du Bray, 1989) Turkey Creek caldera. Parts caldera. of the 20-km-diameter caldera underlie the northern two- thirds of the Chiricahua Peak quao"rangle. Components of INTRODUCTION the caldera exposed in the quadrangle are all of Oligocene age and include, from oldest to youngest, intracaldera and The Chiricahua Peak 7lk -minute quadrangle (fig. 1) outflow facies of the Rhyolite Canyon Tuff; dacite por­ is east-southeast of Tucson, Ariz., in the Chiricahua Moun­ phyry, which forms a resurgent core intrusion and a ring tains. The quadrangle is located about 70 km southeast of intrusion with associated lava flows; and rhyolite (mostly Willcox, Ariz. The Chiricahua Peak quadrangle includes lava flows but including some tuff) that fills the caldera the crest of the Chiricahua Mountains and offers unusual moat. Stratigraphic, structural, and geochronologic data ecologic diversity that ranges from Sonoran desert through indicate that the porphyry was emplaced soon after the subalpine environments. Altitudes in the quadrangle range Rhyolite Canyon Tuff erupted and that the evolution of the from about 1,680 m (5,500 ft) in Rucker Canyon (pi. 1) to caldera, including deposition of the moat deposits was com­ 2,975 m (9,760 ft) at Chiricahua Peak. There are no paved pleted in less than 1 million years. roads in the quadrangle. Unpaved roads along Turkey In the Chiricahua Peak quadrangle (du Bray and Pal­ Creek, Rucker Canyon, and Price Canyon, located in the lister, in press), the caldera system is surrounded by, and was northwest, southwest, and southeast corners of the quadran­ partly emplaced into, slightly older Tertiary volcanic rocks gle, respectively, as well as a well-developed trail system and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks. Outflow tuff from the provide reasonably good access to most of the area. Turkey Creek caldera was deposited on a surface underlain This report supplements the geologic map of the by middle Tertiary volcanic (and minor volcaniclastic) Chiricahua Peak quadrangle (du Bray and Pallister, in rocks, including rhyolite ash-flow tuffs and underlying Chiricahua Peak Quadrangle, Arizona Analytic Data and Geologic Sample Catalog C1 1D9°15' 109°30' 1D9°15' Bowie Mountain Cochise Blue South Heai) Mountai i (Drewes, 1981) 32°DD' /flrtnAtex* -1 JQ7\ Fife Peak Rustler |ARIZONA NEWMEXICO Portal (Pallister Park and du Bray, (Pallister in press) and others, in press) Chiricahua Stanford Peak Portal Canyon (du Bray and Boundary of Peak Pallister, in press) (Bryan, 1988) Chiricahua Peak quadrangle 31°45' =r 31°45' s Bruno ! Swede! I Apache Peak Peaks I ^-i-, - {Orewes and ' 3rooks,~1988}; r-r-^ B Figure 1. Location of the Chiricahua Peak quadrangle and important geographic and geologic features in the Chiricahua EXPLANATION FOR GEOLOGIC MAP Mountains area, Cochise County, Arizona ON FACING PAGE Quaternary surficial deposits A, Quadrangle location, roads, and important geographic OLIGOCENE ROCKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE features. TURKEY CREEK CALDERA Moat deposits Mainly rhyolite lavas and pyroclastic rocks B, U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle names in the area and existing geological maps (cited in parentheses). Resurgent intrusion, ring dike, and extrusive equivalents Dacite and monzonite porphyty Rhyolite Canyon Tuff C (on facing page), Generalized geology (adapted from Marjaniemi, 1969). ROCKS THAT PRE-DATE THE TURKEY CREEK CALDERA Volcanic rocks Mainly Oligocene rhyolite and dacite Basement rocks Mainly Mesozoic and Paleozoic sedimentary andesitic to basaltic flow rocks (du Bray and Pallister, in rocks; includes some Precambrian granite press). These rocks are in turn underlain by sedimentary Contact rocks, including the formation of Javelina Canyon and Structural margin of Turkey Creek caldera Bisbee Group rocks. In the Chiricahua Peak quadrangle the Fault Dashed where approximately located; dotted where con­ formation of Javelina Canyon is composed of claystone and cealed channel-filling conglomerate. The claystone weathers reces- Streams sively and rarely crops out, whereas the conglomerate forms prominent outcrops. Clasts in the conglomerate are subangu- lar to subrounded and are composed of Bisbee Group rocks, calcarenite or calcilutite and blocky-weathering, sparsely Paleozoic formations (principally carbonate sedimentary cherty, abundantly fossiliferous limestone. rocks), and intermediate-composition volcanic rocks of The structural and topographic margins of the Turkey unknown age. Rocks of the Bisbee Group include the Cin­ Creek caldera are present, in part, in the Chiricahua Peak tura Formation and the Mural Limestone. The Cintura For­ quadrangle. The structural margin consists of the ring fault mation consists of quartz sandstone, siltstone, and shale. The system along which the floor of the developing caldera col­ Mural Limestone consists of ledge-forming biostromal lapsed during the eruption of the
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