Language List
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics &A
Online Appendix for Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue (2014) Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics & Change Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue The following document lists the languages of the world and their as- signment to the macro-areas described in the main body of the paper as well as the WALS macro-area for languages featured in the WALS 2005 edi- tion. 7160 languages are included, which represent all languages for which we had coordinates available1. Every language is given with its ISO-639-3 code (if it has one) for proper identification. The mapping between WALS languages and ISO-codes was done by using the mapping downloadable from the 2011 online WALS edition2 (because a number of errors in the mapping were corrected for the 2011 edition). 38 WALS languages are not given an ISO-code in the 2011 mapping, 36 of these have been assigned their appropri- ate iso-code based on the sources the WALS lists for the respective language. This was not possible for Tasmanian (WALS-code: tsm) because the WALS mixes data from very different Tasmanian languages and for Kualan (WALS- code: kua) because no source is given. 17 WALS-languages were assigned ISO-codes which have subsequently been retired { these have been assigned their appropriate updated ISO-code. In many cases, a WALS-language is mapped to several ISO-codes. As this has no bearing for the assignment to macro-areas, multiple mappings have been retained. 1There are another couple of hundred languages which are attested but for which our database currently lacks coordinates. -
Anastasia Bauer the Use of Signing Space in a Shared Signing Language of Australia Sign Language Typology 5
Anastasia Bauer The Use of Signing Space in a Shared Signing Language of Australia Sign Language Typology 5 Editors Marie Coppola Onno Crasborn Ulrike Zeshan Editorial board Sam Lutalo-Kiingi Irit Meir Ronice Müller de Quadros Roland Pfau Adam Schembri Gladys Tang Erin Wilkinson Jun Hui Yang De Gruyter Mouton · Ishara Press The Use of Signing Space in a Shared Sign Language of Australia by Anastasia Bauer De Gruyter Mouton · Ishara Press ISBN 978-1-61451-733-7 e-ISBN 978-1-61451-547-0 ISSN 2192-5186 e-ISSN 2192-5194 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. ” 2014 Walter de Gruyter, Inc., Boston/Berlin and Ishara Press, Lancaster, United Kingdom Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck Țȍ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Acknowledgements This book is the revised and edited version of my doctoral dissertation that I defended at the Faculty of Arts and Humanities of the University of Cologne, Germany in January 2013. It is the result of many experiences I have encoun- tered from dozens of remarkable individuals who I wish to acknowledge. First of all, this study would have been simply impossible without its partici- pants. The data that form the basis of this book I owe entirely to my Yolngu family who taught me with patience and care about this wonderful Yolngu language. -
Aboriginal and Indigenous Languages; a Language Other Than English for All; and Equitable and Widespread Language Services
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 355 819 FL 021 087 AUTHOR Lo Bianco, Joseph TITLE The National Policy on Languages, December 1987-March 1990. Report to the Minister for Employment, Education and Training. INSTITUTION Australian Advisory Council on Languages and Multicultural Education, Canberra. PUB DATE May 90 NOTE 152p. PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC07 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Advisory Committees; Agency Role; *Educational Policy; English (Second Language); Foreign Countries; *Indigenous Populations; *Language Role; *National Programs; Program Evaluation; Program Implementation; *Public Policy; *Second Languages IDENTIFIERS *Australia ABSTRACT The report proviCes a detailed overview of implementation of the first stage of Australia's National Policy on Languages (NPL), evaluates the effectiveness of NPL programs, presents a case for NPL extension to a second term, and identifies directions and priorities for NPL program activity until the end of 1994-95. It is argued that the NPL is an essential element in the Australian government's commitment to economic growth, social justice, quality of life, and a constructive international role. Four principles frame the policy: English for all residents; support for Aboriginal and indigenous languages; a language other than English for all; and equitable and widespread language services. The report presents background information on development of the NPL, describes component programs, outlines the role of the Australian Advisory Council on Languages and Multicultural Education (AACLAME) in this and other areas of effort, reviews and evaluates NPL programs, and discusses directions and priorities for the future, including recommendations for development in each of the four principle areas. Additional notes on funding and activities of component programs and AACLAME and responses by state and commonwealth agencies with an interest in language policy issues to the report's recommendations are appended. -
Download from and Is Required to Run the Island Generator Program
The 45th Australian Linguistic Society Conference Proceedings – 2014 edited by Mark Harvey Alexis Antonia Papers available online: http:// hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1307976 Australian Linguistic Society website: http:// www.als.asn.au/ Editorial note We recommend that references to the papers in these proceedings follow the format below: <Author(s)> 2014 <Title> in Harvey, M. & Antonia, A. (eds) The 45th Australian Linguistic Society Conference Proceedings– 2014 (Newcastle, 10-12 Dec 2014) Newcastle: NOVA Open Access Repository http://nova.newcastle.edu.au – Access: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/[article code] Published by the University of Newcastle October 2015. Callaghan, NSW The copyright of each article remains with its author(s). ISBN-10: 0-9941507-0-9 ISBN-13: 978-0-9941507-0-7 Table of Contents Squib on Polish Yers: ............................................................................................ 4 An Overview of what we know, and how we got there Brian Collins The Present Perfect in Australian English narratives: ....................................... 29 Some preliminary sociolinguistic insights Sophie Richard Switch-reference and the subject in New Guinea: ............................................. 50 The case of Yagaria Glenn Windschuttel The Virtual Atoll Task: ....................................................................................... 82 A spatial language elicitation tool Jonathon Lum and Jonathan Schlossberg Epistemic modulations and speakers stance in Cantonese conversations ..... 104 Winnie Chor -
Re-Awakening Languages: Theory and Practice in the Revitalisation Of
RE-AWAKENING LANGUAGES Theory and practice in the revitalisation of Australia’s Indigenous languages Edited by John Hobson, Kevin Lowe, Susan Poetsch and Michael Walsh Copyright Published 2010 by Sydney University Press SYDNEY UNIVERSITY PRESS University of Sydney Library sydney.edu.au/sup © John Hobson, Kevin Lowe, Susan Poetsch & Michael Walsh 2010 © Individual contributors 2010 © Sydney University Press 2010 Reproduction and Communication for other purposes Except as permitted under the Act, no part of this edition may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or communicated in any form or by any means without prior written permission. All requests for reproduction or communication should be made to Sydney University Press at the address below: Sydney University Press Fisher Library F03 University of Sydney NSW 2006 AUSTRALIA Email: [email protected] Readers are advised that protocols can exist in Indigenous Australian communities against speaking names and displaying images of the deceased. Please check with local Indigenous Elders before using this publication in their communities. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Re-awakening languages: theory and practice in the revitalisation of Australia’s Indigenous languages / edited by John Hobson … [et al.] ISBN: 9781920899554 (pbk.) Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index. Subjects: Aboriginal Australians--Languages--Revival. Australian languages--Social aspects. Language obsolescence--Australia. Language revival--Australia. iv Copyright Language planning--Australia. Other Authors/Contributors: Hobson, John Robert, 1958- Lowe, Kevin Connolly, 1952- Poetsch, Susan Patricia, 1966- Walsh, Michael James, 1948- Dewey Number: 499.15 Cover image: ‘Wiradjuri Water Symbols 1’, drawing by Lynette Riley. Water symbols represent a foundation requirement for all to be sustainable in their environment. -
The Be (Video)
CRACKERJACK EDUCATION — TEACHING WITH AUNTY Year 6 Knowledge area: Dreaming TEACHING NOTES The Be (Video) Text type: narrative, spoken, online, multimodal VISUAL STIMULUS FOCUS The Be is one of twelve ancient Dreaming stories, each story uniquely interpreted by contemporary animators, musicians, artists, writers and actors. It explores kinship and identification with a community through language, song and dance. PRIOR TO VIEWING Introduce the video The Be to students. Start the video on the website. To engage your students, pause the animation after the first 10 seconds to show the initial first frame of the story and ask the students to identify the landscape or setting. (Answer: It is set in the desert. Ask the students how they know it is the desert.) Ask the students to think about what clues the first frame of the animation gives about the type of story it is. Ask the students to predict who or what they think ‘The Be’ might be. Background • The Be is an animated Dreaming story • At the time of European colonisation there and is part of the Dust Echoes video series were hundreds of different traditional Aboriginal produced by the ABC. The story explores languages and several geographically defined kinship and identification with a community. Torres Strait Islander languages spoken in It includes full narration to assist teachers Australia.1 with enunciation of language words and • Historically, clan groups could speak not only songs, and introduces Aboriginal language to their own language but also the language students. belonging to their neighbours. This was very • The Be is a Yirritja (Year-rit-cha) story told in important when trade and travel occurred Dalabon (Dal-a-bon) language from Central across traditional language boundaries.2 Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory. -
Borrowing, Sound Change and Reduplication in Iwaidja
Doubled up all over again: borrowing, sound change and reduplication in Iwaidja Nicholas Evans Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies Australian National University [email protected] Abstract This article examines the interactions between reduplication, sound change, and borrowing, as played out in the Iwaidja language of Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem Land, in Northern Australia, a non-Pama-Nyungan language of the Iwaidjan family. While Iwaidja traditionally makes use of (various types of) right-reduplication, contact with two other left-reduplicating languages – one Australian (Bininj Gun-wok) and one Austronesian (Makassarese) – has led to the introduction of several (non-productive) left-reduplicating patterns. At the same time as these new patterns have been entering the language, the cumulative effect of sweeping sound changes within Iwaidja has complicated the transparency of reduplicative outputs. This has left the language with an extremely varied and complicated set of reduplication types, for some of which the analysis is no longer synchronically recoverable by children. Keywords: Australian languages, Iwaidja, language contact, directionality, Makassarese, reanalysis 1. Introduction Despite growing interest in language contact on the one hand, and reduplication on the other, there has been little research to date on how diachrony and language contact impact upon reduplicative patterns. 1 In this article I examine precisely this theme, as played out in the Iwaidja language of Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem Land, in Northern Australia, a non-Pama-Nyungan language of the Iwaidjan family spoken by around 150 people now mostly living on and around Croker Island in the Northern Territory (see Evans 2000 for a survey of this family). -
The Status of Degrees in Warlpiri
The status of degrees in Warlpiri Margit Bowler, UCLA Stanford Fieldwork Group: November 4, 2015 Stanford University Margit Bowler, UCLA The status of degrees in Warlpiri Roadmap Overview of Australian languages & my fieldwork site My methodologies for collecting degree data −! Methodological issues Background on degrees and degree constructions Presentation of Warlpiri data −! Degree data roughly following Beck, et al. (2009) −! Potentially problematic morphemes/constructions What can this tell us about: −! Degrees in Warlpiri? (They do not exist!) Wrap-up Margit Bowler, UCLA The status of degrees in Warlpiri Australian languages 250-300 languages were spoken when Australia was colonized in the late 1700s; ∼100 languages are spoken today (Dixon 2002) −! Of these, only approximately 20 languages have a robust speaker population; Warlpiri has 3,000 speakers Divided into Pama-Nyungan (90% of languages in Australia) versus non-Pama-Nyungan Margit Bowler, UCLA The status of degrees in Warlpiri Common features of Australian languages (Split-)ergativity −! Warlpiri has ergative case marking, roughly accusative agreement marking Highly flexible word order Extensive pro-drop Adjectives pattern morphosyntactically like nouns −! Host case marking, trigger agreement marking, and so on Margit Bowler, UCLA The status of degrees in Warlpiri Yuendumu, NT ∼300km northwest of Alice Springs, NT Population ∼800, around 90% Aboriginal 95% of children at the Yuendumu school speak Warlpiri as a first language Languages spoken include Warlpiri, Pintupi/Luritja, -
Developing a Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages
Vol. 8 (2014), pp. 345-360 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24612 Developing a Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages Catherine Bow, Michael Christie, Brian Devlin Charles Darwin University The fluctuating fortunes of Northern Territory bilingual education programs in Aus- tralian languages and English have put at risk thousands of books developed for these programs in remote schools. In an effort to preserve such a rich cultural and linguistic heritage, the Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages project is establishing an open access, online repository comprising digital versions of these materials. Using web technologies to store and access the resources makes them accessible to the commu- nities of origin, the wider academic community, and the general public. The process of creating, populating, and implementing such an archive has posed many interesting technical, cultural and linguistic challenges, some of which are explored in this paper. 1. INTRODUCTION. During the era of bilingual education in the Northern Territory (1973 – 2000s), many books were produced at school-based Literature Production Centres in more than 25 languages. These materials, which are both widely dispersed and endan- gered, contain interesting and significant stories in Indigenous Australian languages, many with beautiful illustrations. As a result of policy and other changes, many of the materi- als produced for these programs are no longer in use, and in many places have been lost, damaged or, occasionally, deliberately destroyed. The goal of the Living Archive of Abo- riginal Languages project1 is to create a digital repository of this endangered literature and, with permission from the language authorities (usually original authors and illustrators or their descendants), to make the materials available to community members, researchers, and other interested parties through a searchable, online repository. -
Noun Phrase Constituency in Australian Languages: a Typological Study
Linguistic Typology 2016; 20(1): 25–80 Dana Louagie and Jean-Christophe Verstraete Noun phrase constituency in Australian languages: A typological study DOI 10.1515/lingty-2016-0002 Received July 14, 2015; revised December 17, 2015 Abstract: This article examines whether Australian languages generally lack clear noun phrase structures, as has sometimes been argued in the literature. We break up the notion of NP constituency into a set of concrete typological parameters, and analyse these across a sample of 100 languages, representing a significant portion of diversity on the Australian continent. We show that there is little evidence to support general ideas about the absence of NP structures, and we argue that it makes more sense to typologize languages on the basis of where and how they allow “classic” NP construal, and how this fits into the broader range of construals in the nominal domain. Keywords: Australian languages, constituency, discontinuous constituents, non- configurationality, noun phrase, phrase-marking, phrasehood, syntax, word- marking, word order 1 Introduction It has often been argued that Australian languages show unusual syntactic flexibility in the nominal domain, and may even lack clear noun phrase struc- tures altogether – e. g., in Blake (1983), Heath (1986), Harvey (2001: 112), Evans (2003a: 227–233), Campbell (2006: 57); see also McGregor (1997: 84), Cutfield (2011: 46–50), Nordlinger (2014: 237–241) for overviews and more general dis- cussion of claims to this effect. This idea is based mainly on features -
Download Reconciliation Action Plan
Central Regional TAFE RECONCILIATION ACTION PLAN January 2020-2021 REFLECT 2 CONTENTS Artwork 4 Acknowledgement 5 Our Vision for Reconciliation 6-7 Our Business 8-9 Our Partnerships and current activities 10 Our Reconciliation Action Plan 11-19 Reporting 20 Aboriginal diversity within campus regions (shown in maps) 22-23 Additional Information 24 Acknowledgements 25 CR TAFE | RECONCILIATION ACTION PLAN | JANUARY 2020-2021 3 ARTWORK In 2016, Durack Institute of Technology, Goldfields Institute of Technology and CY O’Connor Institute amalgamated to form Central Regional TAFE. The artworks below were existing pieces from each of the colleges; unfortunately, the titles and stories where misplaced during the merge. As a result, Central Regional TAFE has chosen to show respect to the Aboriginal peoples and the Aboriginal artists of these regions by using the artworks to signify those individual colleges. We would like to acknowledge and thank the below Aboriginal artists whose work appears throughout this document. Untitled | Nicole Dickerson | Geraldton Untitled | Judith Davis | Northam Untitled | Brett Boddington | Kalgoorlie 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Central Regional TAFE acknowledges the Australian Aboriginal Peoples of this nation. We acknowledge each of the language groups within the Mid-West, Murchison, Gascoyne, Wheatbelt and Goldfields regions, the true custodians of the lands on which our campuses are located. We pay our respects to ancestors and Elders, past, present and emerging. Central Regional TAFE recognises Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ unique cultural and spiritual relationships to the land, waters and seas and their enduring rich contribution to our society. CR TAFE | RECONCILIATION ACTION PLAN | JANUARY 2020-2021 5 OUR VISION FOR RECONCILIATION 6 MESSAGE FROM THE GOVERNING COUNCIL AND MANAGING DIRECTOR Central Regional TAFE recognises that reconciliation is not primarily the business of government; it is everybody’s business and it benefits everyone. -
Languages with Longer Words Have More Lexical Change Søren
Languages with longer words have more lexical change Søren Wichmann and Eric W. Holman 1. Introduction: Aims and data1 The findings to be presented in this paper were not anticipated, but came about as an unexpected result of looking at how the application of a version of the Levenshtein distance to word lists compares with cognate counting. We were interested in the degree to which the two correlate. The results of this investigation are intrinsically interesting and will be presented in the following section 2, but even more interesting is our finding that differ- ences between counting cognates and measuring the Levenshtein distances vary as a function of average word lengths in the word lists compared. This observation will occupy the remainder of the paper, with section 3 devoted to establishing the sta tis tical significance of the observation across language families, while section 4 establishes the significance within language groups, and section 5 discusses competing explanations. First we briefly explain the specific version of the Levenshtein distance used and the concept of cognate identification. In numerous previous papers, beginning in Holman et al. (2008a), the present authors as well as other members of the network of scholars partici- pating in the project known as ASJP (or Automated Similarity Judgment Pro gram) have applied a computer-assisted comparison of word lists in order to derive a measure of differences among languages. Our method consists in comparing pairs of words to determine the Levenshtein distance, LD, which is defined as the number of substitutions, insertions, and deletions necessary to transform one word into another.