DOCSLIB.ORG

Carigradski Glasnik Carigradski

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Carigradski Glasnik Carigradski Carigradski Glasnik: A Forgotten Istanbul-based Paper in the Service of Ottoman Serbs, 1895-1909 By Klara Volarić Submitted to Central European University Department of History In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Supervisor: Professor Tolga Esmer Second Reader: Professor Noémi Lévy-Aksu CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2014 “Copyright in the text of this thesis rests with the Author. Copies by any process, either in full or part, may be made only in accordance with the instructions given by the Author and lodged in the Central European Library. Details may be obtained from the librarian. This page must form a part of any such copies made. Further copies made in accordance with such instructions may not be made without the written permission of the Author.” CEU eTD Collection ii Abstract In this thesis I plan to analyze Serbian irredentist actions through the establishment of Carigradski glasnik (Constantinople’s Messenger), an Istanbul-based Serbian periodical aimed at audiences in Ottoman Macedonia, a region which Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian countries claimed as their own national territory and which soon became a political arena for spreading national propaganda campaigns aimed at convincing the Slavic-speaking Orthodox population of their respective Greek, Serbian, or Bulgarian nationhood. However, the intention of Serbian diplomatic circles, and therefore of Carigradski glasnik, was not to undermine Ottoman sovereignty but rather to act in accordance with it. Unlike Bulgaria, which fostered revolutionary activities in the region from 1895 in order to sever Ottoman Macedonia from the Ottoman Empire and eventually annex it, Serbia calculated that it was in its best interest that Macedonia remain within the Ottoman Empire. Namely, Serbia as a latecomer had to consolidate its position in the region and for this needed an ally to keep Ottoman Macedonia within Ottoman borders. The main aim of Balkan irredentist campaigns was to induce a sense of a nationhood into the local Slavic-speaking population. This was also the goal of Carigradski glasnik. This paper propagated Serbian nationhood and fought for the establishment of a Serbian millet and essentially it was inducing nationhood from above, propagating Serbianness as envisioned by its editors and Serbian diplomats. For Carigradski glasnik the presence and sense of Serbian nationhood among the local population in Ottoman Macedonia was well-defined. Namely, Ottoman Serbs knew they were Serbs. However, as many scholarly works on Ottoman Macedonia show, nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia was far from well-defined and the local population exhibited a-national and fluid identities. Nevertheless, I argue that this fluidity does not necessarily imply the lack of nationhood, as studies generally suggest. Rather, this depends on how nationhood is defined: as a substantial entity or a changeable form of practice. CEU eTD Collection iii Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter I. Literature Review, Theory and Methodology ............................................................................... 8 1.1. Literature review ................................................................................................................................ 8 1.2. Theoretical considerations ...............................................................................................................12 Methodological considerations ...............................................................................................................17 Chapter II. Ottoman periodicals during Hamidian and early Young Turk Period (1876-1909) ...................20 2.1. Ottoman Periodicals and state regulations (1831-1909) .................................................................22 2.1.1. Ottoman periodicals and state regulations: The Tanzimat period (1831-1878) .......................22 2.1.2. Ottoman periodicals and state regulations: The Hamidian period (1878-1908) ......................27 2.1.3. Ottoman periodicals and state regulations: early Young Turk period (1908-1909) .................32 2.2. Periodicals - state relationship during the Hamidian and early Young Turk period ....................36 2.3. Periodicals and readers ....................................................................................................................41 Conclusion ...............................................................................................................................................45 Chapter III. Carigradski glasnik and the Serbian struggle for the Ottoman Macedonia .............................48 3.1. Serbian diplomatic activities in the Ottoman Macedonia ................................................................50 3.2. Carigradski glasnik: the “pen” fighter for the Ottoman Macedonia ................................................61 Conclusion ...............................................................................................................................................74 Chapter IV. Carigradski glasnik, Serbian nationhood, and facts on the ground ..........................................75 4.1. Carigradski glasnik and Serbian nationhood during Hamidian and early Young Turk period ..........76 4.1.1. Carigradski glasnik and Serbian nationhood during Hamidian period ......................................76 4.1.2. Carigradski glasnik and Serbian nationhood during early Young Turk period ..........................82 4.2. Facts on the ground: “reckless” Serbian propaganda and fluid nationhood ...................................88 Conclusion ...............................................................................................................................................98 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................100 Bibliography ...............................................................................................................................................105 CEU eTD Collection iv CEU eTD Collection v Introduction According to mainstream historiography, Ottoman society was not united but was strictly divided into religious communities, that is to say, millets.1 This interpretation sees religious communities within clear cut-lines and defined religious identities; a system where religious institutions operated within a set of privileges supposedly granted to them by the Ottoman governments. This set of privileges, the cornerstone of the millet system, essentially meant the right to independent communal affairs, for example a juridical or education system. Nevertheless, with the emergence of national ideas in the 19th century, defining Ottoman subjects in terms of religious affiliation was no longer adequate. The Rum millet under the Ecumenical Patriarchate did not just consist of the Orthodox Christians as its members became Orthodox Greeks, Bulgarians, or Serbs, just to mention a few. As Nathalie Clayer stated, nationalism became “a new motive of mobilization, a new way of identification, a new line of solidarity and a new expression of loyalty in Ottoman society.”2 In this era of nationalism, the question of millet privileges became one of the utmost importance. Specifically, Bulgarian and Serbian national elites started to perceive the Ecumenical Patriarchate as a Greek Patriarchate, and as İpek K. Yosmaoğlu points out, “education, and especially education in parish schools, had traditionally been under the control of the Patriarchate, which appointed the teachers and also provided the curriculum and instructional materials.”3 This meant that the Ecumenical schools all over the Ottoman Balkans were in essence Greek schools influenced by Greek national propaganda. In the CEU eTD Collection context of rising Bulgarian and Serbian nationalism, the separation from the “Greek” millet 1 See Stanford J. Shaw, Kemal Karpat, and Roderic H. Davison in whose works this notion is present. 2 Nathalie Clayer, “The Dimension of Confessionalisation in the Ottoman Balkans at the Time of Nationalisms”, Conflicting Loyalties in the Balkans (H. Grandits et al., eds.), London-New York: I.B. Tauris, 2011, 89. 3 İpek K. Yosmaoğlu, Blood Ties: Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878- 1908. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2013, 51. 1 which began to be associated with a nation, led Bulgarian and Serbian elites to plead for recognition of their millet i.e. national status in the Ottoman Empire. This recognition also meant the right to lead their own educational and religious affairs where Bulgaria and Serbia could launch their own national propaganda campaigns in their respective, Slavic languages. While the Bulgarians secured millet status in 1870 when the Bulgarian Exarchate was established, the Serbs living in the Ottoman Balkans remained under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate until the very end of the Ottoman state in the Balkan Wars. In this thesis I plan to analyze Serbian propaganda through the establishment of an Istanbul- based Serbian periodical aimed at audiences in Ottoman Macedonia4, a region which Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian countries claimed as their own national territory and which soon became a political arena for spreading national propagandas aimed at convincing the Slavic- speaking Orthodox population
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ethnic Cleansing in the Balkans
    CICERO FOUNDATION GREAT DEBATE PAPER No. 13 / 04 November 2013 ETHNIC CLEANSING IN THE BALKANS WHY DID IT HAPPEN AND COULD IT HAPPEN AGAIN? PAUL MOJZES Rosemont College Rosemont, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Cicero Foundation Great Debate Paper No. 13/04 © Paul Mojzes, 2013 All rights reserved The Cicero Foundation is an independent pro-Atlantic and pro-EU think tank. www.cicerofoundation.org The views expressed in Cicero Foundation Great Debate Papers do not necessarily express the opinion of the Cicero Foundation, but they are considered interesting and thought-provoking enough to be published. Permission to make digital or hard copies of any information contained in these web publications is granted for personal use, without fee and without formal request. Full citation and copyright notice must appear on the first page. Copies may not be made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage. The Cicero Foundation FRANCE THE NETHERLANDS 13, rue Washington Hondertmarck D 45 75008 PARIS 6211 MB MAASTRICHT Tel. +33 1 45 62 05 90 Tel. +31 43 32 60 602 Fax +33 1 45 62 05 30 Fax +31 43 32 60 828 Email [email protected] [email protected] 2 Ethnic Cleansing in the Balkans: Why Did It Happen And Could It Happen Again? Paul Mojzes Introduction In the writing of my book, Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the Twentieth Century ,(1) among the many definitions of genocide, I followed the formally adopted definition of the 1948 United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. This definition was my primary guide in determining which of the many conflicts in the Balkans during the 20th Century were genocidal.
    [Show full text]
  • The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800S-1900S
    The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800s-1900s February 2003 Katrin Bozeva-Abazi Department of History McGill University, Montreal A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1 Contents 1. Abstract/Resume 3 2. Note on Transliteration and Spelling of Names 6 3. Acknowledgments 7 4. Introduction 8 How "popular" nationalism was created 5. Chapter One 33 Peasants and intellectuals, 1830-1914 6. Chapter Two 78 The invention of the modern Balkan state: Serbia and Bulgaria, 1830-1914 7. Chapter Three 126 The Church and national indoctrination 8. Chapter Four 171 The national army 8. Chapter Five 219 Education and national indoctrination 9. Conclusions 264 10. Bibliography 273 Abstract The nation-state is now the dominant form of sovereign statehood, however, a century and a half ago the political map of Europe comprised only a handful of sovereign states, very few of them nations in the modern sense. Balkan historiography often tends to minimize the complexity of nation-building, either by referring to the national community as to a monolithic and homogenous unit, or simply by neglecting different social groups whose consciousness varied depending on region, gender and generation. Further, Bulgarian and Serbian historiography pay far more attention to the problem of "how" and "why" certain events have happened than to the emergence of national consciousness of the Balkan peoples as a complex and durable process of mental evolution. This dissertation on the concept of nationality in which most Bulgarians and Serbs were educated and socialized examines how the modern idea of nationhood was disseminated among the ordinary people and it presents the complicated process of national indoctrination carried out by various state institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • LARSON-DISSERTATION-2020.Pdf
    THE NEW “OLD COUNTRY” THE KINGDOM OF YUGOSLAVIA AND THE CREATION OF A YUGOSLAV DIASPORA 1914-1951 BY ETHAN LARSON DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2020 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Maria Todorova, Chair Professor Peter Fritzsche Professor Diane Koenker Professor Ulf Brunnbauer, University of Regensburg ABSTRACT This dissertation reviews the Kingdom of Yugoslavia’s attempt to instill “Yugoslav” national consciousness in its overseas population of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, as well as resistance to that same project, collectively referred to as a “Yugoslav diaspora.” Diaspora is treated as constructed phenomenon based on a transnational network between individuals and organizations, both emigrant and otherwise. In examining Yugoslav overseas nation-building, this dissertation is interested in the mechanics of diasporic networks—what catalyzes their formation, what are the roles of international organizations, and how are they influenced by the political context in the host country. The life of Louis Adamic, who was a central figure within this emerging network, provides a framework for this monograph, which begins with his arrival in the United States in 1914 and ends with his death in 1951. Each chapter spans roughly five to ten years. Chapter One (1914-1924) deals with the initial encounter between Yugoslav diplomats and emigrants. Chapter Two (1924-1929) covers the beginnings of Yugoslav overseas nation-building. Chapter Three (1929-1934) covers Yugoslavia’s shift into a royal dictatorship and the corresponding effect on its emigration policy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fight for Balkan Latinity (II). the Aromanians After World War
    ISSN 2039-9340 Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 (11) November 2012 The Fight for Balkan Latinity (II). The Aromanians after World War Giuseppe Motta (Ph.D) Sapienza University of Rome Doi:10.5901/mjss.2012.v3n11p541 Abstract The article focuses on the Vlach question after the first World War, when the Balkan region was finally divided among the different national States and the Ottoman Empire collapsed. In this period the Aromanian communities had to find a new policy inside a new scenario and addressed towards different options represented by Albania, Italy and Romania. In a first time Vlachs also tried to create an autonomous principality of Pindus but this experience was short-lived and did not produce tangible results. On the contrary, during the interwar period the Vlachs consolidated their privileged relationship with Romania and established an influent group at Bucharest, where they partecipated to the internal political life even supporting the most radical movements such as Corneliu's Codreanu Iron Guard. Keywords: Aromanian, Vlach, Balkan, Albania, Romania. 1. Introduction. The Vlachs and the First World War. The history of the Vlachs in the Balkan regions was undoubtedly conditioned by the unstable and chaotic situation of the region, which during the troublesome period of the “Eastern Question” became a central area for the system of international relationships. The problems were particularly acute in the regions of Pindus, Epirus and Macedonia, and were naturally exacerbated by the constant atmosphere of war that the people of this area breathed for many years, at the end of XIX century and during the first decades of the XX.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnic Cleansing and Massacres of the Ottoman
    The Nation-Building Process in the Balkans: Ethnic Cleansing and Massacres of the Ottoman Muslim and Turkish Population (1912-1913) Le processus de construction de la nation dans les Balkans: nettoyage ethnique et massacre des musulmans ottomans et turcs (1912-1913) Conference organized by the Collège Belgique (Académie Royale de Belgique) and the University of Utah Mars-March 24-25, 2016 Bruxelles-Brussels (Belgique-Belgium) A. Argumentaire en français : Le processus de construction de la nation dans les Balkans : nettoyage ethnique et massacre des musulmans ottomans et turcs (1912-1913) Dans le contexte de la désintégration de l’Empire Ottoman et de l’émergence du nouveau système étatique balkanique, la guerre a joué un rôle dans les processus de construction des nations et des états. Le système étatique balkanique a été créé pour résoudre la question d’Orient, et les états concernés ont fini par devenir des états-nations homogènes suite à une série de guerres qui atteignirent leur apogée lors de ce que l’on a appelé les guerres balkaniques (1912-1913). Ce fut la première guerre totale dans les Balkans, si l’on considère que les frontières entre le front de bataille et le front intérieur ont été supprimées au moyen d’une attaque systématique de certains groupes identitaires. On peut d’ailleurs considérer que, pour l’état ottoman, la première guerre mondiale a commencé en 1912 car le ton était donné et le schéma établi pour la première guerre mondiale. Qui plus est, les pères fondateurs de l’actuelle république de Turquie sont tous originaires des Balkans.
    [Show full text]
  • The Judeo-Bolshevik Conspiracy and the Persecution of Jews in Interwar Salonica6
    Georgios D. Michalopoulos Institute of Study of Eleutherios Venizelos and his Era The Judeo-Bolshevik conspiracy and the persecution of Jews in interwar Salonica6 Abstract I argue that in interwar Greece there was a small yet influential of anti-Semitic anticommunists, whose centre and main area of interest was Salonica. I attempt to demonstrate that their ideas were not a particular Greek phenomenon- rather these intellectuals and activists distanced themselves from traditional forms of Greek anti-Semitism. On the contrary, their appearance was part of a pan- European phenomenon triggered by the October Revolution in Russia, and facilitated by the ensuing immigration of the defeated Whites. This ideology should be understood within the context of the Ottoman imperial collapse, the ensuing relocation of populations and the anxiety of Balkan nation- states to ensure their national frontiers. Key words: Bolsheviks, Jews, Greece, anticommunism. Τhe state of the field of anti-Semitic studies This traumatic transition, which cut off the links of the city to the Mediterranean and the Balkans and turned it into a provincial city of Greece, overshadowed by Athens and the port of the Piraeus, was aggravated by the Great Fire of 1917, when one third of the city was destroyed. The Jews were disproportionately affected as most of the destroyed property belonged to them. According to a contemporary report, 52,000 Jews were left homeless, while 16 out of a total of 33 synagogues were burned. Some immigrated but most – especially the poorest families – relocated in slums created around the city. This further aggravated the economic vulnerability of the community and brought it in fierce competition for land and state resources with the newly arrived refugees.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hungarian Historical Review
    Hungarian Historical Review 3, no. 3 (2014): 471–493 Judit Gál The Roles and Loyalties of the Bishops and Archbishops of Dalmatia (1102–1301) This paper deals with the roles of archbishops and bishops of Dalmatia who were either Hungarian or had close connections with the Hungarian royal court. The analysis covers a relatively long period, beginning with the coronation of Coloman as king of Croatia and Dalmatia (1102) and concluding with the end of the Árpád dynasty (1301). The length of this period not only enables me to examine the general characteristics of the policies of the court and the roles of the prelates in a changing society, but also allows for an analysis of the roles of the bishopric in different spheres of social and political life. I examine the roles of bishops and archbishops in the social context of Dalmatia and clarify the importance of their activities for the royal court of Hungary. Since the archbishops and bishops had influential positions in their cities, I also highlight the contradiction between their commitments to the cities on the one hand and the royal court on the other, and I examine the ways in which they managed to negotiate these dual loyalties. First, I describe the roles of the bishops in Dalmatian cities before the rule of the Árpád dynasty. Second, I present information regarding the careers of the bishops and archbishops in question. I also address aspects of the position of archbishop that were connected to the royal court. I focus on the role of the prelates in the royal entourage in Dalmatia, their importance in the emergence of the cult of the dynastic saints, and their role in shaping royal policy in Dalmatia.
    [Show full text]
  • Migrations in Balkan History
    This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com MIGRATIONS IN BALKAN HISTORY Serbian Academy of Sciences and • Department of History, University of Arts, Institute for Balkan Studies, California, Santa Barbara Belgrade (special editions No 39) Prosveta, Export-Import Agency, Belgrade Editors in chief: • Nikola Tasid, corresponding member, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts • DuSica StoSid, director Prosveta, Export-Import Agency Editorial board: • Radovan Samard2id, full member, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts • Dimitrije Dordevic, full member Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts • Ivan Ninid publishing manager Prosveta, Export-Import Agency Secretary: • Dr. Milan St. Protid, fellow Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Institute for Balkan Studies The publication was financially supported by the "Republidka Zajednica nauke Srbije" MIGRATIONS IN BALKAN HISTORY BELGRADE 1989 £33/ И*1 CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији Народна библиотека Србије, Београд 325.1 (497) (082) MIGRATIONS in Balkan History / [urednik Ivan Ninic]. - Beograd: Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti, 1989. - 171 стр. : 24 cm ПК: a. Миграције - Балканско полуострво - Зборници ISBN 86-7179-006-1 ■1130 Ml CONTENTS Radovan Samardzic Dimitrije Djordjevid PREFACE 7 Mark R. Stefanovich ETHNICITY AND MIGRATION IN PREHISTORY 9 Nikola Tasic PREHISTORIC MIGRATION MOVEMENTS IN THE BALKANS 29 Robert Frakes THE IMPACT OF THE HUNS IN THE BALKANS IN LATE ANTIQUE HISTORIOGRAPHY 39 Henrik Birnbaum WAS THERE A SLAVIC LANDTAKING OF THE BALKANS AND, IF SO, ALONG WHAT ROUTES DID IT PROCEED? 47 Dragoljub Dragojlovid MIGRATIONS OF THE SERBS IN THE MIDDLE AGES 61 BariSa Krekic DUBROVNIK AS A POLE OF ATTRACTION AND A POINT OF TRANSITION FOR THE HINTERLAND POPULATION IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGES 67 Dragan R.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Macedonia Matters
    AHIF P O L I C Y J O U R N A L Winter 2012-13 Why Macedonia Matters Panayiotis Diamadis With the formation of the Former Yugoslavian n Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) in 1991, there has been a systematic effort to undermine the legitimate rights of the Greek state, particularly of Hellenes in the Greek Province of Macedonia. Selectivity, omission, and distortions of the past by FYROM have become routine. This extensive campaign of disinformation is aimed at undermining the legitimacy of the present borders. Motivating the arguments about history, language, culture, religion, identity and heritage is a struggle for control of the strip of territory between the Aemos (Balkan) Mountain range and the Aegean Sea, the land of Macedonia. Since earliest antiquity, the people to the north of the mountains have sought control over the fertile plains, strategic ports and mineral resources of Macedonia. In the twenty-first century, this continues to be the case. Despite FYROM’s endeavors to present the Macedonian issue as being about human rights, it is about territory and power. While Greece and Bulgaria have somewhat resolved their differences over access to the Aegean Sea through the framework of the European Union, land-locked FYROM has resisted all efforts to reach similar accommodation with any of its neighbors. The Macedonian issue, therefore, is not just a bilateral problem between Greece and FYROM. Bulgaria is just as concerned about the policies of governments in Skopje that endeavor to falsify the historical record and de facto challenge its established borders as well as those of Greece.
    [Show full text]
  • Contestations Over Macedonian Identity, 1870–1912
    VICTORIA UNIVERSITY CONTESTATIONS OVER MACEDONIAN IDENTITY, 1870–1912 by NICK ANASTASOVSKI A THESIS SUBMITTED TO VICTORIA UNIVERSITY IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES MELBOURNE, VICTORIA MAY, 2005 2 STUDENT DECLARATION I, Nick Anastasovski, declare that the thesis entitled Contestations over Macedonian Identity 1870–1912 is no more than 100,000 words in length, exclusive of tables, figures, appendices and references. This thesis contains no material that has been submitted previously, in whole or in part, for the award of any other academic degree or diploma. Except where otherwise indicated, this thesis is my own work. Nick Anastasovski May 2005 3 DEDICATION To my wife Sophie whose support and encouragement made the study possible 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract 9 Acknowledgments 11 Glossary of terms 13 List of maps 28 List of tables 32 List of illustrations 39 List of photographs 40 Introduction 42 Context 42 Summary 48 Chapter One: Colonisation and Islamicisation 55 1.1 Colonisation and Islamicisation 55 1.2 Religion and nationality 92 Chapter Two: Peoples and Populations 99 2.1 Peoples of Macedonia 99 Macedonians: The contested majority 99 Vlahs: Romanian or Greek, a contested minority 107 5 Greeks: Fishermen, farmers or townsfolk? 112 Turks and Albanians: The colonists 114 Gypsies and Jews: The uncontested 120 2.2 Conflicts around population data 124 Territorial boundaries 124 2.3 Population statistics 128 Ottoman Turkish population data 128 Population statistics advocated
    [Show full text]
  • A Study in the Theory and Practice of Destabilization: Violence and Strategies of Survival in Ottoman Macedonia (1903-1913)
    Gábor Demeter Krisztián Csaplár-Degovics A Study in the Theory and Practice of Destabilization: Violence and Strategies of Survival in Ottoman Macedonia (1903-1913) 1 This study has been supported by the Bolyai János Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. This book was produced under the auspices of the Research Centre for the Humanities of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and with the support of the National Bank of Hungary. Gábor Demeter, PhD (2007) in History and (2008) in Earth Sciences at Debrecen University is a research fellow at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Centre for the Humanities, Institute of History (Budapest). His main research topics are: social and economic development on the Balkan Peninsula, diplomatic relations between Austria-Hungary and the Balkan States (1878-1914), historical geography of Hungary in 19th century. Secretary of the Bulgarian–Hungarian Joint Academic Commission of Historians and editor of the Hungarian Historical Review. Habilitated in 2017 at Debrecen University. Krisztián Csaplár-Degovics, PhD in History (2008, Eötvös Loránd University of Budapest) is a senior research fellow at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Centre for the Humanities, Institute of History (Budapest), leader of the Department for Southeastern European Studies (2015-2017). Formerly he taught at the Eötvös Loránd University (2008-2012), he was an academic co-worker of the Südost-Institut in Munich (2003-2004) and of the Library of the Albanien-Institut at the Institute for East European History (University of Vienna, 2005-2006). Currently he deals with the Balkan-policy of Austria-Hungary, the nation- and state-building processes in the Balkans, Humanitarian Interventions in the Balkans and with the history of Albania, Serbia, Kosovo and Macedonia in the 19th and 20th century.
    [Show full text]
  • The Transformation of Mihailović's Chetnik Movement: from Royalist Yugoslav Forces to Serb Nationalist Guerrillas
    The Transformation of Mihailović’s Chetnik Movement: From Royalist Yugoslav Forces to Serb Nationalist Guerrillas by Aleksandar Petrovic M.A. (History), Simon Fraser University, 2003 B.A. (History), University of British Columbia, 2000 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of History Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Aleksandar Petrovic 2011 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Fall 2011 All rights reserved. However, in accordance with the Copyright Act of Canada, this work may be reproduced, without authorization, under the conditions for “Fair Dealing.” Therefore, limited reproduction of this work for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, review and news reporting is likely to be in accordance with the law, particularly if cited appropriately. Approval Name: Aleksandar Petrovic Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Title of Thesis: The Transformation of Mihailović’s Chetnik Movement: from Royalist Yugoslav Forces to Serb Nationalist Guerrillas Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. Hilmar Pabel Professor Dr. Andre Gerolymatos Senior Supervisor Professor Dr. Ilya Vinkovetsky Supervisor Associate Professor Dr. Dimitri Krallis Internal Examiner Assistant Professor, Department of History Dr. John Fine External Examiner Professor, Department of History University of Michigan Date Defended/Approved: September 30, 2011 ii Partial Copyright Licence Abstract General Dragoljub Mihailović’s Chetnik movement has been the subject of historical studies for more than half a century. Most have focused on the Chetnik- Partisan war and the issues of Chetnik resistance to and collaboration with the Axis powers. This study expands on the existing body of knowledge by considering the effects of ethno-religious conflict on the Chetnik wartime strategy and ideology.
    [Show full text]