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Macedonia Global Investment Summit 118
MACEDONIA GLOBAL INVESTMENT SUMMIT GLOBAL MACEDONIA 1 ORGANIZER LOCAL PARTNER FOR SME PLATINIUM SPONSORS OFFICIAL TELECOMMUNICATION PARTNER 2 3 PROFICIENCY EDGE YOUR COMPETITORS WITH TOP-NOTCH DEDICATION WEB SOLUTIONS MACEDONIA GLOBAL INVESTMENT SUMMIT GLOBAL MACEDONIA SECURITY Novoproektirana BB Synergy Business Center, floor 2 Skopje 1000, Macedonia +(389) 2 245 7560 YOU PUSH THE LIMITS. WE GO BEYOND RESILIENCE INNOVATION CREATIVITY CONTENT CONTENT If you are looking for a company that prides itself in top quality and cost effiency,4 we are your best choice! SUMMIT 2012 Letter from Mike Zafirovski, Macedonia 2025 Chairman Welcome to Ohrid and to the first annual Macedonia Global Investment Summit! On behalf of Macedonia 2025, our sponsors and supporters, I would like to thank you for your attendance and participation in this valuable, professional Summit. Globally, we are experiencing many economic challenges and unfortunately it does not look like a quick turnaround for Europe. Many economists believe this crisis will take years to work out. However, I still believe that it is very possible for developing countries like Macedonia to grow faster than the global or Euro economies. The realities of the country’s situation of low cost, available employees, strategic location, attractive tax INVESTMENT SUMMIT GLOBAL MACEDONIA rates and incentives for investment should be a competitive advantage for growth. But it will require confidence, urgency and resolve to move the country forward by all the stakeholders (employers, employees, the government, the education system, and the Diaspora). Because of this, we believe that it is a perfect time to explore the potential opportunities and strengthen the platform to build future partnerships and relationships. -
Ethnic Cleansing in the Balkans
CICERO FOUNDATION GREAT DEBATE PAPER No. 13 / 04 November 2013 ETHNIC CLEANSING IN THE BALKANS WHY DID IT HAPPEN AND COULD IT HAPPEN AGAIN? PAUL MOJZES Rosemont College Rosemont, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Cicero Foundation Great Debate Paper No. 13/04 © Paul Mojzes, 2013 All rights reserved The Cicero Foundation is an independent pro-Atlantic and pro-EU think tank. www.cicerofoundation.org The views expressed in Cicero Foundation Great Debate Papers do not necessarily express the opinion of the Cicero Foundation, but they are considered interesting and thought-provoking enough to be published. Permission to make digital or hard copies of any information contained in these web publications is granted for personal use, without fee and without formal request. Full citation and copyright notice must appear on the first page. Copies may not be made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage. The Cicero Foundation FRANCE THE NETHERLANDS 13, rue Washington Hondertmarck D 45 75008 PARIS 6211 MB MAASTRICHT Tel. +33 1 45 62 05 90 Tel. +31 43 32 60 602 Fax +33 1 45 62 05 30 Fax +31 43 32 60 828 Email [email protected] [email protected] 2 Ethnic Cleansing in the Balkans: Why Did It Happen And Could It Happen Again? Paul Mojzes Introduction In the writing of my book, Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the Twentieth Century ,(1) among the many definitions of genocide, I followed the formally adopted definition of the 1948 United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. This definition was my primary guide in determining which of the many conflicts in the Balkans during the 20th Century were genocidal. -
Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (Ca
Conversion and Empire: Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (ca. 300-900) by Alexander Borislavov Angelov A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor John V.A. Fine, Jr., Chair Professor Emeritus H. Don Cameron Professor Paul Christopher Johnson Professor Raymond H. Van Dam Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes © Alexander Borislavov Angelov 2011 To my mother Irina with all my love and gratitude ii Acknowledgements To put in words deepest feelings of gratitude to so many people and for so many things is to reflect on various encounters and influences. In a sense, it is to sketch out a singular narrative but of many personal “conversions.” So now, being here, I am looking back, and it all seems so clear and obvious. But, it is the historian in me that realizes best the numerous situations, emotions, and dilemmas that brought me where I am. I feel so profoundly thankful for a journey that even I, obsessed with planning, could not have fully anticipated. In a final analysis, as my dissertation grew so did I, but neither could have become better without the presence of the people or the institutions that I feel so fortunate to be able to acknowledge here. At the University of Michigan, I first thank my mentor John Fine for his tremendous academic support over the years, for his friendship always present when most needed, and for best illustrating to me how true knowledge does in fact produce better humanity. -
The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800S-1900S
The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800s-1900s February 2003 Katrin Bozeva-Abazi Department of History McGill University, Montreal A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1 Contents 1. Abstract/Resume 3 2. Note on Transliteration and Spelling of Names 6 3. Acknowledgments 7 4. Introduction 8 How "popular" nationalism was created 5. Chapter One 33 Peasants and intellectuals, 1830-1914 6. Chapter Two 78 The invention of the modern Balkan state: Serbia and Bulgaria, 1830-1914 7. Chapter Three 126 The Church and national indoctrination 8. Chapter Four 171 The national army 8. Chapter Five 219 Education and national indoctrination 9. Conclusions 264 10. Bibliography 273 Abstract The nation-state is now the dominant form of sovereign statehood, however, a century and a half ago the political map of Europe comprised only a handful of sovereign states, very few of them nations in the modern sense. Balkan historiography often tends to minimize the complexity of nation-building, either by referring to the national community as to a monolithic and homogenous unit, or simply by neglecting different social groups whose consciousness varied depending on region, gender and generation. Further, Bulgarian and Serbian historiography pay far more attention to the problem of "how" and "why" certain events have happened than to the emergence of national consciousness of the Balkan peoples as a complex and durable process of mental evolution. This dissertation on the concept of nationality in which most Bulgarians and Serbs were educated and socialized examines how the modern idea of nationhood was disseminated among the ordinary people and it presents the complicated process of national indoctrination carried out by various state institutions. -
Blood Ties: Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878
BLOOD TIES BLOOD TIES Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 I˙pek Yosmaog˘lu Cornell University Press Ithaca & London Copyright © 2014 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2014 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2014 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yosmaog˘lu, I˙pek, author. Blood ties : religion, violence,. and the politics of nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 / Ipek K. Yosmaog˘lu. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-5226-0 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8014-7924-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Macedonia—History—1878–1912. 2. Nationalism—Macedonia—History. 3. Macedonian question. 4. Macedonia—Ethnic relations. 5. Ethnic conflict— Macedonia—History. 6. Political violence—Macedonia—History. I. Title. DR2215.Y67 2013 949.76′01—dc23 2013021661 Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu. Cloth printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Paperback printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Josh Contents Acknowledgments ix Note on Transliteration xiii Introduction 1 1. -
IX. Nationale Ansprüche, Konflikte Und Entwicklungen in Makedonien
IX. Nationale Ansprüche, Konflikte und Entwicklungen in !akedonien, 1870–1912 Vasilis K. Gounaris 1. Vom bulgarischen Exarchat bis zur bulgarischen Autonomie Kraft des ersten Artikels des Firmans des Sultans vom 27. Februar (nach dem alten Kalender) 1870 wurde ohne Wissen des Patriarchats das bulgarische Exarchat gegründet. Von den 13 Kirchenprovinzen, die in seine Verantwortung übergingen, könnte man nur die Metropolis von Velesa rein formell als makedonisch bezeichnen. Doch gemäß dem zehnten Artikel des Firmans konnten auch andere Metropoleis dem Exarchat beitreten, wenn dies mindestens zwei Drittel ihrer Gemeindemitglieder wünschten. Dieser Firman gilt als die Geburtsurkunde der Makedonischen Frage, was jedoch nicht zutrifft. Die Voraussetzungen für die Entstehung feindlicher Parteien und die Nationalisierung dieser Gegensätze waren Produkt der poli- tischen, sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Umschichtungen, die der Erlass Hatt-i Humayun (Februar 1856) mit sich gebracht hatte. Dieser Erlass hatte zu Veränderungen des Grund- besitzsystems zu Gunsten der Christen geführt und die çifliks offiziell vererblich gemacht. Er hatte auch die Voraussetzungen für öffentliche Arbeiten und für eine Änderung des Steuer- und des Kreditsystems geschaffen. Und schließlich war, im Rahmen der Abfassung von Rechtskodizes, vom Patriarchat die Abfassung allgemeiner Verordnungen für die Verwaltung der Orthodoxen unter Mitwirkung von Laien verlangt worden. Die Fertigstellung und die Anwendung der Verordnungen führte nacheinander – schon in den Sechzigerjahren -
The Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization and the Idea for Autonomy for Macedonia and Adrianople Thrace
The Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization and the Idea for Autonomy for Macedonia and Adrianople Thrace, 1893-1912 By Martin Valkov Submitted to Central European University Department of History In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Supervisor: Prof. Tolga Esmer Second Reader: Prof. Roumen Daskalov CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2010 “Copyright in the text of this thesis rests with the Author. Copies by any process, either in full or part, may be made only in accordance with the instructions given by the Author and lodged in the Central European Library. Details may be obtained from the librarian. This page must form a part of any such copies made. Further copies made in accordance with such instructions may not be made without the written permission of the Author.” CEU eTD Collection ii Abstract The current thesis narrates an important episode of the history of South Eastern Europe, namely the history of the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization and its demand for political autonomy within the Ottoman Empire. Far from being “ancient hatreds” the communal conflicts that emerged in Macedonia in this period were a result of the ongoing processes of nationalization among the different communities and the competing visions of their national projects. These conflicts were greatly influenced by inter-imperial rivalries on the Balkans and the combination of increasing interference of the Great European Powers and small Balkan states of the Ottoman domestic affairs. I argue that autonomy was a multidimensional concept covering various meanings white-washed later on into the clean narratives of nationalism and rebirth. -
AGENDA WEDNESDAY, 3 OCTOBER 2018 THURSDAY, 4 OCTOBER 2018 (CONT.) 15:55 Depart from Eleftherios Venizelos • Mr
REGION OF WESTERN MACEDONIA 3 – 6 October 2018 Business Visit to the Region of Western Macedonia Foreign Economic and Commercial Missions and other Foreign Interests AGENDA WEDNESDAY, 3 OCTOBER 2018 THURSDAY, 4 OCTOBER 2018 (CONT.) 15:55 Depart from Eleftherios Venizelos • Mr. Eleftherios Ioannidis, Mayor of the Munici- Airport pality of Kozani 16:50 Arrival at the Makedonia Aiport (SKG) in • Μr. George Konstantopoulos, President of Thessaloniki Greek Exporters Association (SEVE) 17:15 Departure by private Bus to Kozani 10:00 – Speeches 11:45 19:30 Arrival and Check in at ELENA Hotel and • Ms. Dimitra Pragalou, Investment Promotion Aliakmon Hotel Directorate, Enterprise Greece, «The Investment Profile of the Region of Western Macedonia» 20:00 Departure by private Bus to a local restaurant (tbc) • Mr. Spyros Ignatiadis, General Director at Greek Exporters Association (SEVE), «The 20:30 – Welcoming speech by Mr. Theodoros Exports Outlook of Western Macedonia 22:00 Karypidis, Governor of the Region of Western Macedonia Region» Signing of a Memorandum of • Dr. Christos Georgiou, Director of Documenta- Collaboration between Enterprise tion, Research and Studies Directorate at Feder- Greece and the Region of Western ation of Industries of Northern Greece (SBBE), Macedonia «The Manufacturing Sector in Western Macedo- nia: Prospects for Enterpreneurial Cooperation» Dinner (hosted by Mr. Theodoros 11:45 – Coffee Break Karypidis, Governor of the Region of 12:00 Western Macedonia) (Main Conference Room Foyer, Ground floor) 12:00 – B2B meetings 14:00 (Main Conference Room Foyer, Ground floor) THURSDAY, 4 OCTOBER 2018 12:00 – Training business seminar for SMEs – Mr. 08:30 – Registration 14:00 George Papastergiopoulos, Director of Busi- 09:00 (Western Macedonia Exhibition Center, Main ness Information & Support, Enterprise Greece, Conference Room Foyer, Ground floor) “Taking the rights steps for successful export” 09:00 – Welcome Remarks (Room 4, 1st floor) 10:00 Coordinator: Mr. -
Scratches? Scribbles? Scripture! Revealing the Unseen – 3D Scanning of Glagolitic Graffiti of the 10Th Century at the Monastery of St
Scratches? Scribbles? Scripture! Revealing the Unseen – 3D Scanning of Glagolitic Graffiti of the 10th Century at the Monastery of St. Naum RUTH TENSCHERT, MAX RAHRIG, RAINER DREWELLO, and SEBASTIAN KEMPGEN, University of Bamberg, Germany The Monastery of Saint Naum in Macedonia is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site “Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region”. The area is unique not only for its architecture but also its outstanding linguistic heritage. The monastery was named after Saint Naum and founded at the end of the 9th century and is visited by many tourists every day. In the transition from the narthex to the central church, the visitor immediately notices two shiny white marble columns. These columns carry unique inscriptions/graffiti, which represent some of the earliest evidence of the Glagolitic alphabet, a precursor of the Cyrillic alphabet. During the project, previously unseen inscriptions were revealed on the columns. The huge number of tourists poses a danger to the historic surfaces of the columns, as the constant touching and rubbing of the inscriptions is causing deterioration. Therefore, there is an urgent need to image and archive the inscriptions. Using macrophotography with raking light did not work well as the columns’ curvature and shiny surface caused blurring in the images, and some of the graffiti were not visible. Therefore, a structured light scanner with a 3D point resolution of 30 µm or less was used to record the columns, to both preserve and reveal these unique graffiti. The recording of the surfaces was deliberately carried out without texture information to exclude errors caused by the shiny and discoloured marble of the columns. -
Vernacular Religion in Diaspora: a Case Study of the Macedono-Bulgarian Group in Toronto
Vernacular Religion in Diaspora: a Case Study of the Macedono-Bulgarian Group in Toronto By Mariana Dobreva-Mastagar A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Trinity College and the Theological Department of the Toronto School of Theology In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Theology awarded by the University of St. Michael's College © Copyright by Mariana Dobreva-Mastagar 2016 Vernacular Religion in Diaspora: a case Study of the Macedono-Bulgarian group in Toronto PhD 2016 Mariana Dobreva-Mastagar University of St.Michael’s College Abstract This study explores how the Macedono-Bulgarian and Bulgarian Eastern Orthodox churches in Toronto have attuned themselves to the immigrant community—specifically to post-1990 immigrants who, while unchurched and predominantly secular, have revived diaspora churches. This paradox raises questions about the ways that religious institutions operate in diaspora, distinct from their operations in the country of origin. This study proposes and develops the concept “institutional vernacularization” as an analytical category that facilitates assessment of how a religious institution relates to communal factors. I propose this as an alternative to secularization, which inadequately captures the diaspora dynamics. While continuing to adhere to their creeds and confessional symbols, diaspora churches shifted focus to communal agency and produced new collective and “popular” values. The community is not only a passive recipient of the spiritual gifts but is also a partner, who suggests new forms of interaction. In this sense, the diaspora church is engaged in vernacular discourse. The notion of institutional vernacularization is tested against the empirical results of field work in four Greater Toronto Area churches. -
Los Levantamientos De 1903 En Macedonia Y Tracia
"Abajo el Sultán, ¡Viva la Federación balcánica!" Los levantamientos de 1903 en Macedonia y Tracia Traducido del Búlgaro al Inglés por Will Firth (con fondos del Institute for Anarchist Studies). Gracias a Koicho Koichev por su ayuda con las expresiones difíciles. Traducido del Inglés al Castellano por M. Gómez. Imágenes de la Wikipedia y Wikicommons. Macedonia y Tracia, 1903. El Imperio Turco-Otomano estaba en un estado de decadencia. Durante siglos las autoridades habían gobernado un puño de hierro, imponiendo impuestos y otras obligaciones, pero en la mayoría de los casos permitiendo a las personas a hablar sus propias lenguas y a practicar sus propias religiones. Ahora, sin embargo, se vivían tiempos de crisis. Las fronteras del Imperio estaban retrocediendo y el control Otomano se volvió cada vez más duro y arbitrario. El espectro de las luchas de liberación amenazaban las posesiones cada vez menores en el sur de los Balcanes. Una insurrección brutalmente aplastada seguía a otra insrrección aplastada, así durante generaciones. Sin embargo ahora parecía que la hora había llegado: imbuidos con el espíritu de justicia e igualdad vivos en las comunidades de los pueblos y las aldeas, los campesinos y los artesanos se aliaron para liberarse de los males duales de la servitud feudal y la ocupación turca - para los rebeldes ambas fuerzas de represión eran lo mismo. Parece que la población, principalmente eslava, en Macedonia y Tracia veía el principado de Bulgaria, que había recibido una gran autonomía del Imperio Otomano en 1878, como una clase de modelo para su lucha anto- otomana. Bulgaria también tenía una importancia logística para los revolucionarios de Macedonia y Tracia - les daba armas y se producían explosivos que serían empleados en actos de sabotaje en las áreas bajo dominio directo turco. -
BIBLIOGRAPHY of SVETLINA NIKOLOVA
BIBLIOGRAPHY of SVETLINA NIKOLOVA BOOKS, STUDIES AND ARTICLES 1962 1. Nikolova, Sv. Scientific Session on Paisiy Hilendarski. // Journal of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, VII, 1962, № 4, p. 127–133 (In Bulgarian). 1968 2. Nikolova, Sv. Pathericon Stories and Folklore. // Folklore and Literature – S., 1968, p. 61–67 (In Bulgarian). 3. Nikolova, Sv. Important Work in the Area of Old Bulgarian Literature. // Bulgarian Language, XVIII, 1968, № 2–3, p. 282–285 (In Bulgarian). Rev. for: Kuev, Kuyo M. Chernorizetz Hrabar – S., 1967 – 454 p. 1969 4. Nikolova, Sv. The Early Old-Bulgarian Translations of the Pathericon Collections. // Constantine- Cyril the Philosopher: Jubilee collection on the occasion of 1100-anniversary from his death – S., 1969, p. 219–236 (In Bulgarian). 5. Nikolova, Sv. Joseph Bradati. // Distinguished Bulgarians. T. 3. – S., 1969, p. 63–74 (In Bulgarian). 6. Nikolova, Sv. The Genius Father of the Slavic Writing: 1100 Years from the Death of Cyril. // Narodna Mladezh, XXV, № 34 (6405), 9 February 1969, p. 4 (In Bulgarian). 1970 7. Nikolova, Sv. , Srpska Aleksandrida” by Radmila Marinkovich”// Literary Thought, XIV, 1970, № 6, p. 156–160 (In Bulgarian). Rev. for: Marinkovich, Radmila. Serbian Alexandrida: History of the Main Text. Belgrade, 1969 – 348 p. – (Faculty of Philology at the University of Belgrade. Monograph, book 31). 8. Nikolova, Sv. Bogomil Movement // Slavyani, XXVI, 1970, № 12, p. 28–31 (In Bulgarian). 1971 9. Nikolova, Sv. St. Patericon Stories in the History of the Old Bulgarian Literature. // Old Bulgarian Literature, 1, 1971, p. 167–191 (In Bulgarian). 10. Nikolova, Sv. Panel meeting of the textological commission of the International Committee of Slavists.