REGIONAL AND SUBREGIONAL PROGRAM LINKS Mapping the links between ASEAN and the GMS, BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT REGIONAL AND SUBREGIONAL PROGRAM LINKS Mapping the links between ASEAN and the GMS, BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT September 2013 © 2013 Asian Development Bank All rights reserved. Published 2013. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-92-9254-202-3 (Print), 978-92-9254-203-0 (PDF) Publication Stock No. RPT135922-2 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Regional and Subregional Program Links: mapping the links between ASEAN and the GMS, BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2013. 1. Regional cooperation and integration. 2. ASEAN. 3. GMS. 4. BIMP-EAGA. 5. IMT-GT. I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. Use of the term “country” does not imply any judgment by the authors or ADB as to the legal or other status of any territorial entity. The symbol “$” represents the United States dollar unless otherwise indicated. “Asia” refers only to ADB’s Asian member economies. ADB encourages printing or copying information exclusively for personal and noncommercial use with proper acknowledgement of ADB. Users are restricted from reselling, redistributing, or creating derivative works for commercial purposes without the express, written consent of ADB. Photo credits (cover): ADB photo archive and Josephine Duque-Comia. Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel: +63 2 632 4444 Fax: +63 2 636 4444 www.adb.org Printed on recycled paper Contents Foreword ...................................................................... v V. SUMMARY OF MAJOR FINDINGS .......................... 83 Acknowledgements ..........................................................vi Major Findings ...................................................... 83 Abbreviations ............................................................... vii Strengthening Strategic and Institutional Links ......... 86 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................ix VI. CONCLUSIONS ................................................... 88 Introduction ........................................................... ix Approach Adopted .....................................................ix APPENDIXES ........................................................... 90 Key Findings .......................................................... x A. Selected ASEAN Highway Network Sections Strengthening Strategic and Institutional Links .......... xi in the ASEAN Strategic Transport Plan Located in Subregional Corridors in the GMS, BIMP-EAGA, I. INTRODUCTION ................................................. 1 and IMT-GT ............................................................ 90 B. Committees under the Purview of ASEAN Economic II. RATIONALE FOR PROMOTING LINKS Ministers ............................................................ 93 AND IMPROVING COORDINATION......................... 3 C. Memorandum of Agreement Between the ASEAN, GMS, BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT ..................... 3 Association of Southeast Asian Nations Promoting Links and Improving Coordination ............ 4 and the Asian Development Bank ............................ 96 D. Business Organizations Affiliated with ASEAN .......... 106 III. STRATEGY AND PROGRAM LINKS ....................... 6 E. Review of ADB-Supported Capacity Building Approach to Strategy Mapping ................................ 6 Technical Assistance to ASEAN, GMS, Review of Program-Wide Strategies ......................... 6 BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT ....................................... 106 Findings and Observations: Strategy Level Review ................................................. 13 TABLES Operational Level Review of Selected 1 Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity Pillars Sector Initiatives ............................................ 16 and Component Strategies .................................... 8 Transport Connectivity ............................................. 16 2 ASEAN Strategic Transport Plan, 2011–2015: Energy Connectivity ................................................ 35 Goals, Strategic Thrusts, and Key Actions ............... 17 Transport and Trade Facilitation ................................ 42 3 Development Strategies of Priority Subregional Findings and Observations: Operational Corridors ........................................................... 19 Level Review ................................................. 48 4 Number of ASEAN Highway Cross-Border Links between Member States ................................. 22 IV. INSTITUTIONAL COORDINATION AND LINKS ........ 53 5 Ferry Links in ASEAN Members States in the ASEAN Review of Institutional Arrangements Highway Network .................................................. 22 and Mechanisms ........................................... 53 6 ASEAN Highway Network Routes in the MPAC In-Country Institutional Arrangements ....................... 71 and ASTP, 2011–2015 for Construction Comparative Assessment of Institutional and Upgrading, and their Inclusion in the GMS, Mechanisms and Arrangements ....................... 74 BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT Programs ......................... 23 Enhancing Institutional Coordination ........................ 78 CONTENTS iii 7 Cross-Border Rail Links Before and After BOXES the Singapore−Kunming Rail Link ........................... 24 1 Priority Projects in the Master Plan on ASEAN 8 Missing Links in the Singapore−Kunming Rail Link .. 25 Connectivity ........................................................... 9 9 ASEAN Maritime Transport Cooperation Goals 2 Greater Mekong Subregion Strategic Frameworks I and Strategies for 2011–2015 ............................... 27 and II: Vision, Goals, and Strategic Thrusts ............... 10 10 Designated Ports in the ASEAN Transport Network ... 27 3 BIMP-EAGA Roadmap to Development and 11 ASEAN-Designated Ports Located in Implementation Blueprint: Goals, Pillars, the BIMP-EAGA, IMT-GT and GMS Subregional and Strategic Thrusts .............................................. 12 Programs ............................................................ 28 4 IMT-GT Roadmap and Implementation Blueprint: 12 ASEAN Multilateral Agreement in Air Services: Vision, Goals, and Strategic Thrusts and Sectors ....... 14 Designated Points in BIMP-EAGA, IMT-GT, 5 Alternative Railway Routes in the Greater Mekong and CLMV under Protocols 1–6 on the 3rd, Subregion ............................................................ 26 4th, and 5th Freedoms of the Air ............................ 34 6 ASEAN Single Aviation Market ................................ 32 13 Energy Sector Strategies of ASEAN, GMS, 7 Limitations of the GMS Cross-Border Transport and BIMP-EAGA .................................................... 37 Agreement Customs Transit System ........................ 45 14 Status of ASEAN Power Grid ................................... 39 8 Measures for the Enhancement of the BIMP-EAGA 15 Status of Ratification for ASEAN Transport Memorandums of Understanding on Air and Sea Facilitation Agreement (as of 12 April 2013) ............ 43 Linkages, and Commercial Buses and Coaches ........ 47 16 Main Features of the BIMP-EAGA Memorandums of Understanding on Air Sea Linkages FIGURES and Commercial Buses and Coaches ...................... 46 1 Two-Tiered Approach to Strategy Mapping .................. 7 17 Operational Level Links between ASEAN, GMS, 2 Subregional Program Strategies with Reference BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT in Selected to ASEAN ............................................................ 15 Connectivity Areas ................................................ 50 3 Basic GMS Organization Structure ........................... 53 18 GMS Ministers and National Coordinators ................ 54 4 GMS Organizational Framework .............................. 55 19 Sectoral Bodies and Sectors under the ASEAN 5 IMT-GT Institutional Framework ............................... 58 Community Councils .............................................. 65 6 BIMP-EAGA Institutional Structure ........................... 61 20 ASEAN Country Coordinators for Dialogue Partners ... 67 7 BIMP-EAGA Clusters .............................................. 62 21 Country Membership in Selected Regional and 8 BIMP-EAGA Revised Institutional Structure Subregional Groupings ............................................ 72 (effective 1 January 2013) ...................................... 64 22 Focal Ministries or Agencies for ASEAN and Related 9 Implementation Arrangements for the Master Plan Subregional Groupings ........................................... 72 on ASEAN Connectivity .......................................... 66 23 Key Institutional Features of ASEAN, GMS, 10 ASEAN Secretariat Organizational Structure .............. 68 BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT Programs ............................75 24 Mapping of Principal Bodies of ASEAN, GMS, BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT ..........................................77 25 Enhancing Coordination Methods and Processes ....... 82 iv CONTENTS Foreword The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is GMS, BIMP-EAGA, and IMT-GT in support of ASEAN’s central to economic integration among a diverse group of wide-ranging regional