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Report on “Thematic Framework For
Thematic Framework for World Cultural Heritage in the Pacific 5 – 8 September 2005, Port Vila, Vanuatu REPORT Nordic World Heritage Foundation Vanuatu Kaljoral Senta Vanuatu Cultural Centre Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Acknowledgments 4 3. Regional themes for World Cultural Heritage in the Pacific 5 a. Definition of main themes b. Priority for thematic studies 4. Methodology for the elaboration of the thematic studies 11 5. Possible resources for the elaboration of the thematic studies 14 6. Capacity Building and networks for Pacific Islands Countries and 14 Territories 7. Next Steps 15 8. List of Participants 17 2 Thematic Framework for World Cultural Heritage in the Pacific 5 – 8 September 2005, Port Vila, Vanuatu 1. Introduction The present document is the outcome of the meeting held at Port Vila, Vanuatu, from 5 to 8 September 2005, on a thematic framework for nominating cultural heritage properties in the Pacific for inscription on the World Heritage List, and reflects the ideas and recommendations formulated by the participants. The meeting was organised by the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, UNESCO Cluster Office in Apia, Samoa and the Vanuatu Cultural Centre with funding from the Nordic World Heritage Foundation in Norway, World Heritage Fund, and the technical contribution of the Department of Conservation of New Zealand. It was attended by 32 participants representing 12 States Parties to the Convention from the Pacific Islands, as well as by representatives and experts from ICOMOS, ICCROM, United Nations University, University of South Pacific, New Zealand, Australia, the UNESCO Apia Office and the World Heritage Centre. The Program and full list of participants are annexed to this Document. -
Pilot Rock - Soda Mountain 6089 Ft Elev
Pilot Rock Cascade-Siskiyou BLM BLM archives Rising 570 ft to an elevation of 5910 ft., Pilot Rock is perhaps the most striking feature of Cascade- Siskyou National Monument. Visible from much of the Shasta Valley in northern California and parts of Oregon’s Rogue Valley, the Rock serves as a friendly beacon to some five million vehicles and their passengers that travel the I-5 corridor annually. Competing Theories Pilot Rock is part of the Cascade Range, a mountain Put simply, a “plug” is an intrusive body formed by mag- range notable for its string of volcanic peaks stretching ma which cooled underground and was later exposed by from British Columbia to northern California’s Lassen erosion. Peak. The Monument’s proclamation refers to Pilot Rock as “a volcanic plug,” describing it as “a remnant of a Recent Research feeder vent left after a volcano eroded away, leaving an Recent research regarding Pilot Rock suggests that 25 outstanding example of the inside of a volcano.” Pilot million years ago, magma oozed through a weak spot Rock is composed mostly of volcanic andesite and has in the earth’s crust, but did not reach the surface. As a sheer, vertical faces with classic columnar jointing created result, some geologists refer to Pilot Rock as technically by the cooling of its andesite composition. a “volcanic plug,” but NOT as defined in the Monument’s proclamation. (The proclamation evidently uses “plug” Plug or a Neck or both? and “neck” interchangeably.) However “plugs”and Many geologists use the terms “neck” and “plug” in- “necks” are defined, what they both have in common is terchangeably, while others believe the terms apply to erosion. -
General Characteristics of Soil| Sample Answer
General Characteristics of Soil| sample answer Q: ‘Examine the general composition and characteristics of any one soil type that you have studied’ (2007 Q17) Latosol- A tropical zonal soil. 3 aspects will be discussed. 1. Composition: Soil is composed of a number of ingredients/components. These components can vary in portion. All soils form as result of the action of several factors. THese factors combine to influence the many processes at work in soil formation eg. Leaching and weathering. These give soil its own characteristics. Soil is composed of number of ingredients and constituents. The components of soil are mixed in different quantities to create different soil types. They are made up of mineral matter, air, water, humus, living organisms. However, climate is the single most important factor in determining what a soil will be like as climate influences vegetation, the rate of weathering and soil, forming processing in an area. The majority of soil is composed of mineral matter. Mineral matter are rock particles from the bedrock and weathered rock. The soil type varies depending on mineral matter. Unconsolidated material eg boulder clay will help form soil more rapidly than solid bedrock as it is partly weathered. Soil is also composed of organic matter. Organic matter includes decaying plants and animals which bacteria and fungi breakdown. Humus is a dark brown jelly-like substance formed from organic matter. Living organisms are also included in ‘organic matter’, earthworms, beetles, fungi, bacteria; they digest organic matter to humus and also mix and create soil. Water is another important component of soil. -
Handbook of Grasses, Treating of Their Structure, Classification
Young collector ."9' 910 JAN: W„HUTCHINSON ONE SEIinNG BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF HENRY W. SAGE 1891 ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY New York State Colleges OF Agriculture and Human Ecology AT Cornell University Cornell University Library QK 495.G74H97 1910 •'e''*'"9 Handbook of grasses, "UJimirn^' 3 1924 001 738 933 Cornell University Library The original of tliis book is in tlie Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924001738933 Poa annua, the Annual Meadow-grass ; flowering. This Book is now publislitd by GEORGE ALLEN' & UNWIN, LTD. Ruskiii House, 40, MUSEUM STREET, LONDON^ W.C. Poa anmia, the Annual Meadow-grassj floweidns HANDBOOK OF GRASSES TREATING OF THEIR STRUCTURE, CLASSIFICATION, GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND USES ALSO DESCRIBING THE BRITISH SPECIES AND THEIR HABITATS BY WILLIAM HUTCHINSON XonOon SONNENSCHEIN & CO., Lim. , SWAN New York : THE MACMILLAN CO. igio Edition, March iSgg; Third Edition igob; First Edition, SeftembeiiSgs; Second Fourth Edition, igio. PREFACE Grasses are in three respects a remarkable family : they possess many structural peculiarities which sharply define them from all other kinds of plants ; they are so abundant and widely diffused as to constitute the dominant feature of the landscape, not only in our own, but in most other coun- tries j and lastly, no other Order can at all compare with the Gramineffi in the variety and magnitude of their uses. Yet the study of grasses, so far from being popular, is shunned by many botanists in the belief that it is beset with unusual difficulties ; farmers and graziers, to whom the cereal and forage grasses are all in all, have rarely a scientific acquaintance with them ; while those observers of Nature, not particularly iriterested in either botany or agriculture, are hardly able to recognize two or three among the many species which everywhere abound. -
Written Guide
The tale of a tail A self-guided walk along Edinburgh’s Royal Mile ww.discoverin w gbrita in.o the stories of our rg lands discovered th cape rough w s alks 2 Contents Introduction 4 Route map 5 Practical information 6 Commentary 8 Credits © The Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers, London, 2015 Discovering Britain is a project of the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG) The digital and print maps used for Discovering Britain are licensed to the RGS-IBG from Ordnance Survey Cover image: Detail from the Scottish Parliament Building © Rory Walsh RGS-IBG Discovering Britain 3 The tale of a tail Discover the stories along Edinburgh’s Royal Mile A 1647 map of The Royal Mile. Edinburgh Castle is on the left Courtesy of www.royal-mile.com Lined with cobbles and layered with history, Edinburgh’s ‘Royal Mile’ is one of Britain’s best-known streets. This famous stretch of Scotland’s capital also attracts visitors from around the world. This walk follows the Mile from historic Edinburgh Castle to the modern Scottish Parliament. The varied sights along the way reveal Edinburgh’s development from a dormant volcano into a modern city. Also uncover tales of kidnap and murder, a dramatic love story, and the dramatic deeds of kings, knights and spies. The walk was originally created in 2012. It was part of a series that explored how our towns and cities have been shaped for many centuries by some of the 206 participating nations in the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. -
The Transport Trend of Thailand and Malaysia
Executive Summary Report The Potential Assessment and Readiness of Transport Infrastructure and Services in Thailand for ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Content Page 1. Introduction 1.1 Rationales 1 1.2 Objectives of Study 1 1.3 Scopes of Study 2 1.4 Methodology of Study 4 2. Current Status of Thailand Transport System in Line with Transport Agreement of ASEAN Community 2.1 Master Plan and Agreement on Transport System in ASEAN 5 2.2 Major Transport Systems for ASEAN Economic Community 7 2.2.1 ASEAN Highway Network 7 2.2.2 Major Railway Network for ASEAN Economic Community 9 2.2.3 Main Land Border Passes for ASEAN Economic Community 10 2.2.4 Main Ports for ASEAN Economic Community 11 2.2.5 Main Airports for ASEAN Economic Community 12 2.3 Efficiency of Current Transport System for ASEAN Economic Community 12 3. Performance of Thailand Economy and Transport Trend after the Beginning of ASEAN Economic Community 3.1 Factors Affecting Cross-Border Trade and Transit 14 3.2 Economic Development for Production Base Thriving in Thailand 15 3.2.1 The analysis of International Economic and Trade of Thailand and ASEAN 15 3.2.2 Major Production Bases and Commodity Flow of Prospect Products 16 3.2.3 Selection of Potential Industries to be the Common Production Bases of Thailand 17 and ASEAN 3.2.4 Current Situation of Targeted Industries 18 3.2.5 Linkage of Targeted Industries at Border Areas, Important Production Bases, 19 and Inner Domestic Areas TransConsult Co., Ltd. King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi 2T Consulting and Management Co., Ltd. -
Good Practices for the Preparation of Digital Soil Maps
UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES AGRONÓMICAS FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGROALIMENTARIAS GOOD PRACTICES FOR THE PREPARATION OF DIGITAL SOIL MAPS Resilience and comprehensive risk management in agriculture Inter-american Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture University of Costa Rica Agricultural Research Center UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES AGRONÓMICAS FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGROALIMENTARIAS GOOD PRACTICES FOR THE PREPARATION OF DIGITAL SOIL MAPS Resilience and comprehensive risk management in agriculture Inter-american Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture University of Costa Rica Agricultural Research Center GOOD PRACTICES FOR THE PREPARATION OF DIGITAL SOIL MAPS Inter-American institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA), 2016 Good practices for the preparation of digital soil maps by IICA is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/) Based on a work at www.iica.int IICA encourages the fair use of this document. Proper citation is requested. This publication is also available in electronic (PDF) format from the Institute’s Web site: http://www.iica. int Content Editorial coordination: Rafael Mata Chinchilla, Dangelo Sandoval Chacón, Jonathan Castro Chinchilla, Foreword .................................................... 5 Christian Solís Salazar Editing in Spanish: Máximo Araya Acronyms .................................................... 6 Layout: Sergio Orellana Caballero Introduction .................................................. 7 Translation into English: Christina Feenny Cover design: Sergio Orellana Caballero Good practices for the preparation of digital soil maps................. 9 Printing: Sergio Orellana Caballero Glossary .................................................... 15 Bibliography ................................................. 18 Good practices for the preparation of digital soil maps / IICA, CIA – San Jose, C.R.: IICA, 2016 00 p.; 00 cm X 00 cm ISBN: 978-92-9248-652-5 1. -
A New Era of Digital Soil Mapping Across Forested Landscapes 14 Chuck Bulmera,*, David Pare´ B, Grant M
CHAPTER A new era of digital soil mapping across forested landscapes 14 Chuck Bulmera,*, David Pare´ b, Grant M. Domkec aBC Ministry Forests Lands Natural Resource Operations Rural Development, Vernon, BC, Canada, bNatural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, Quebec, QC, Canada, cNorthern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, St. Paul, MN, United States *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Soil maps provide essential information for forest management, and a recent transformation of the map making process through digital soil mapping (DSM) is providing much improved soil information compared to what was available through traditional mapping methods. The improvements include higher resolution soil data for greater mapping extents, and incorporating a wide range of environmental factors to predict soil classes and attributes, along with a better understanding of mapping uncertainties. In this chapter, we provide a brief introduction to the concepts and methods underlying the digital soil map, outline the current state of DSM as it relates to forestry and global change, and provide some examples of how DSM can be applied to evaluate soil changes in response to multiple stressors. Throughout the chapter, we highlight the immense potential of DSM, but also describe some of the challenges that need to be overcome to truly realize this potential. Those challenges include finding ways to provide additional field data to train models and validate results, developing a group of highly skilled people with combined abilities in computational science and pedology, as well as the ongoing need to encourage communi- cation between the DSM community, land managers and decision makers whose work we believe can benefit from the new information provided by DSM. -
Effects of Afforestation on Soil Structure Formation in Two Climatic Regions Of
JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE, 61, 2015 (5): 225–234 doi: 10.17221/6/2015-JFS Eff ects of aff orestation on soil structure formation in two climatic regions of the Czech Republic V. Podrázský1, O. Holubík2, J. Vopravil2, T. Khel2, W.K. Moser3, H. Prknová1 1Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic 2Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic 3U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of agricultural land afforestation on soil characteristics. Two sites in two regions of the Czech Republic were evaluated, at lower as well as higher submountain elevations: in the regions of the Orlické hory Mts. and Kostelec nad Černými lesy, afforested, arable and pasture lands were com- pared for basic chemical and physical characteristics. It was determined: pH, CEC, exchangeable nutrients, SOC, bulk density, volume density, porosity (differentiated by pore size), water conductivity and soil aggregate stability. This study demonstrated the important influence of previous land use upon soil characteristics. The characteristics of the arable horizon can persist for many years; in forests, the mineral horizons (15–30 cm) can persist within 15–30 years after afforestation. Afforestation, which caused an increase in soil porosity by decreasing reduced bulk density and increasing capillary and gravitational pores (increasing the water-holding capacity and soil air capacity), is important for maintaining the soil stability. The positive effect on infiltration and retention capacity resulted not only from the presence of a forest overstorey, but also from the presence of permanent grass cover of pasture land. -
By H.D.V. PRENDERGAST a Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the Australian National University. January 1
STRUCTURAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL RELATIONSHIPS IN AUSTRALIAN c4 GRASSES (POACEAE) • by H.D.V. PRENDERGAST A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the Australian National University. January 1987. Canberra, Australia. i STATEMENT This thesis describes my own work which included collaboration with Dr N .. E. Stone (Taxonomy Unit, R .. S .. B.S .. ), whose expertise in enzyme assays enabled me to obtain comparative information on enzyme activities reported in Chapters 3, 5 and 7; and with Mr M.. Lazarides (Australian National Herbarium, c .. s .. r .. R .. O .. ), whose as yet unpublished taxonomic views on Eragrostis form the basis of some of the discussion in Chapter 3. ii This thesis describes the results of research work carried out in the Taxonomy Unit, Research School of Biological Sciences, The Australian National University during the tenure of an A.N.U. Postgraduate Scholarship. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My time in the Taxonomy Unit has been a happy one: I could not have asked for better supervision for my project or for a more congenial atmosphere in which to work. To Dr. Paul Hattersley, for his help, advice, encouragement and friendship, I owe a lot more than can be said in just a few words: but, Paul, thanks very much! To Mr. Les Watson I owe as much for his own support and guidance, and for many discussions on things often psittacaceous as well as graminaceous! Dr. Nancy Stone was a kind teacher in many days of enzyme assays and Chris Frylink a great help and friend both in and out of the lab •• Further thanks go to Mike Lazarides (Australian National Herbarium, c.s.I.R.O.) for identifying many grass specimens and for unpublished data on infrageneric groups in Eragrostis; Dr. -
Pollen Ultrastructure of the Biovulate Euphorbiaceae Author(S): Michael G
Pollen Ultrastructure of the Biovulate Euphorbiaceae Author(s): Michael G. Simpson and Geoffrey A. Levin Reviewed work(s): Source: International Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 155, No. 3 (May, 1994), pp. 313-341 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2475184 . Accessed: 26/07/2012 14:35 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Journal of Plant Sciences. http://www.jstor.org Int.J. Plant Sci. 155(3):313-341.1994. ? 1994by The Universityof Chicago. All rightsreserved. 1058-5893/94/5503-0008$02.00 POLLENULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE BIOVULATE EUPHORBIACEAE MICHAEL G. SIMPSON AND GEOFFREY A. LEVIN' Departmentof Biology,San Diego StateUniversity, San Diego,California 92182-0057; and BotanyDepartment, San Diego NaturalHistory Museum, P.O. Box 1390,San Diego,California 92112 Pollenultrastructure of the biovulate Euphorbiaceae, including the subfamilies Phyllanthoideae and Oldfieldioideae,was investigatedwith light, scanning electron, and transmissionelectron microscopy. Pollenof Phyllanthoideae, represented by 12 speciesin ninegenera, was prolateto oblate,almost always 3-colporate,rarely 3-porate or pantoporate,and mostlywith reticulate, rarely baculate, echinate, or scabrate,sculpturing. -
Viruses Virus Diseases Poaceae(Gramineae)
Viruses and virus diseases of Poaceae (Gramineae) Viruses The Poaceae are one of the most important plant families in terms of the number of species, worldwide distribution, ecosystems and as ingredients of human and animal food. It is not surprising that they support many parasites including and more than 100 severely pathogenic virus species, of which new ones are being virus diseases regularly described. This book results from the contributions of 150 well-known specialists and presents of for the first time an in-depth look at all the viruses (including the retrotransposons) Poaceae(Gramineae) infesting one plant family. Ta xonomic and agronomic descriptions of the Poaceae are presented, followed by data on molecular and biological characteristics of the viruses and descriptions up to species level. Virus diseases of field grasses (barley, maize, rice, rye, sorghum, sugarcane, triticale and wheats), forage, ornamental, aromatic, wild and lawn Gramineae are largely described and illustrated (32 colour plates). A detailed index Sciences de la vie e) of viruses and taxonomic lists will help readers in their search for information. Foreworded by Marc Van Regenmortel, this book is essential for anyone with an interest in plant pathology especially plant virology, entomology, breeding minea and forecasting. Agronomists will also find this book invaluable. ra The book was coordinated by Hervé Lapierre, previously a researcher at the Institut H. Lapierre, P.-A. Signoret, editors National de la Recherche Agronomique (Versailles-France) and Pierre A. Signoret emeritus eae (G professor and formerly head of the plant pathology department at Ecole Nationale Supérieure ac Agronomique (Montpellier-France). Both have worked from the late 1960’s on virus diseases Po of Poaceae .