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Tevlêbûna Sûbarî - a Şûrî Di Warê Siyasî Da

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Tevlêbûna Sûbarî - a Şûrî Di Warê Siyasî Da Dr. Sozdar Mîdî (E. Xelîl) wergera ji erebî: Mustefa Re şîd Tîrêjên Çar şembê Xelek - 38 Tevlêbûna Sûbarî - A şûrî di warê siyasî da Ronahîkirin: Bi me ra derbas bû ku navê resen yê " welatê A şûr " " Sûbartû " bû, yanê " welatê Sûbaran " û ku "Sûbarî " ji gelên asiyayî (zagrosî /ariyanî) ne, û ne ji biyabaniyê samî ne. Dîsa bi me ra derbas bû ku şaxekî ji Amûriyan ( Babiliyan ) bi rêveberiya Şem şî Adadê Yekem ( Shamshi-Adad I ) (1813 - 1781 b.z.) welatê Sûbartû talan- û dagîrkirin û li wir padî şahiyek avakirin ku bi navê "Aşûr " li gor bajarê " Aşûr " (paytextê Sûbaran ) û li gor xwedawendê sûbarî " Asûr " ( Aşûr ) hate naskirin. Herwisa bi me ra derbas bû ku desthilatdarên Amûriyan taybetmendî û dêlîndêzên xwedawendê amûrî/babilî " Mardox " ( Mardokh ) tev li taybetmendî û dêlîndêzên xwedawendê sûbarî " Asûr " kirin û wisa xwedawend " Aşûr " bi kopiyeka nû pêkanîn. Em niha lêkolîna xwe di aliyê siyasî yê vê pêvajoya pi şaftina nijadî û çandî di navbera Sûbarî û Amûriyan da temam dikin. Di vê mijarê da, hêja ye em bînin bîra xwe ku dîroknas de ştên Mêzopotamiya bi sê be şan ji hev cuda dibînin: Ya yekem herêma ba şûr ( welatê Sûmer ), ya duwem herêma navîn ( Babil ) û ya sêhem herêma bakur ( navbera çemê Zap ê jêrîn û yê jorîn ) ya ku piraniya wê li rojhilatê çemê Dijle dikeve ku berê jêra "Sûbartû " digotin û pa şê nav lêkirin " welatê A şûr ". Dîroka welatê " Sûbartû " ( welatê A şûr ) bi du heyamên sereke tê parvekirin ku ew jî evin: Yekem - Heyama Sûmerî/Sûbarî (4900 - 1812 b.z.). Duwem - Heyama Aşûrî (1813 - 612 b.z.) tevî hin demên ku ji hev hatin bi řîn: Yekem - Sûmerî/Sûbarî: - Heyama sûmerî ya kevin : Eva heyama belavbûna şûn û warên sûmerî çandinî ye li herêma bakur. Hin dem hên vedigerin ser heyama şaristaniya Guzana (Helef) (navbera 4900 - 4300 b.z.). Ev heyama sûmerî kevin heya sedsala 23-yan b.z. berdewam dike 1. - Heyama sûbarî kevin: Jêra heyama a şûrî yekem jî dibêjin. Ev heyam ji hatina Sûbaran (Şûbaran ) da ji çiyayên Zagros û wek ku me gotibû ji erdnîgariya Horiyan da destpêdike ku gihî ştin vê herêmê û pê şî nav lêkirbûn " Sûbartû " û paşê jî nav lêkirin " welatê A şûr ". Sûbaran di warê le şkerî da ev herêm xistin bin desthilata xwe û li cihê warekî çandiniyê yê Sûmeran bajarê " Asûr / A şûr " avakirin, û ji sedsala 23-an b.z. da heya sedsala 19-an b.z. serdarên vê herêmê bûn. Dr. Amir Hanna ji vê heyamê ra dibêje " heyama biyanî "2. 1 Divêt em bêjin ku Dr. Amir Hanna vê dîtina xwe li ti ştekî avadike ku ti bingeha dîrokî û ti nirxeka zanistî jêra nîne. Kurtahiya dîtina wî ewe, ku ew dibêje deştên Mêzopotamiya ji heyamên here kevin da milk û samanê gelên biyabanî ( Akkadû, Babilî, Keldan ) bûn û van hemiyan vedigerîne ser nijadekî nîga şî ku ew jêra dibêje " Keldanên pê şîn ". Li gor vê dîtina xwe, ew dibêje ku hemû gelên ji biyabanê hatin de ştên Mêzopotamiyayê yên ba şûr, navîn û bakur ew ji ni ştecihên resenin, û gelên ku ji çiyayên Zagros da hatin de ştên Mêzopotamiyayê ew biyanî, talankerin yan jî bi dizî ketine wê herêmê 3. Hejmara desthilatdarên sûbarî (çiyayî / asiyayî / hindo-ewropayî), li gor parvekirina Amir Hanna, 38 desthilatdarin; ew jî sê be şin: A - Serdarên ku di konan da dijiyan, ew jî evin : 1 - Tudiya (ewe yê ku hevpeyman li gel Ibrium serdarê padî şahiya Ebla, li dor sala 2250 yan jî 2200 b.z. lidarxistiye. 2 - Adamu. 3 - Yankî. 4 - Kilamu. 5 - Harharu. 6 - Mandaru. 7 - Imshu. 8 - Harshu. 9 - Didanu. 10 - Hanu. 11 - Zuabu. 12 - Nuabu. 13 - Abasu. 14 - Belu. 15 - azaarahu. 16 - Ashpia (eve yê ku cara yekem perestgehek ji xwedawendê sûbarî " A- Awsar " ( Asûr = A şûr ) ra li ser bingeha perestgeheka sûmerî taybetî xwedawend Inanna (Innina ) avakir. 17 - Apiashal. B - Serdarên ku di avahiyên kevirî da dijiyan, ew jî evin : 18 - Hale. 19 - Samanu. 20 - Hayanu. 21 - Illumir. 22 - Yakmesi. 23 - Yakmeni. 24 - Yazkurel. 25 - Ilakabaka. 26 - Amino. 27 - Sulili. C - Serdarên ku li bajarê A şûr jiyane, ew jî evin : 28 - Kikkia (eve yê ku sûra bajarê A şûr girtiye û, wisa ev şûr û warê çandinî kiriye bajarekî ku ba ş hatiye parastin). 29 - Akia (li dor salên 1980 - 2000 b.z. serdarî kiriye). D - Serdarên tevilhav : Belkî hinek ji wan Akkadî bûn û hinekjî Sûbarî bûn û ser bi desthilata akkadî bûn, ew jî evin: 30 - Puzur Ashur I (li dor sala 1960 b.z. serdarî kiriye). 31 - Salim Ahkum. 32 - Ilush Umma. 33 - Eri Shum I. 34 - Ikunum. 35 - Sherru Kin I (ev ne padi şahê akkadî Sargonê Yekem -e). 36 - Puzur Ashur II. 37 - Naram Sin. 38 - Eri Shum II (li dor sala 1820 b.z. serdarî kiriye), ji van navan tê zanîn ku Sûbartû ketibû bin desthilatiya Akkadiyan 4. Wisa, bi dirêjahiya van deman (dora 450 sal) Sûbartû bi navê xwe yî resen dihate naskirin, rûni ştivanên wî û piraniya serdarên wî Sûbarî bûn. Xwedayê wanî ni ştîmanî " Asûr " yan jî "Aşûr " bû li gor bilêvkirina akkadî. Paytextê wanî yekem bajarê " Asûr/A şûr " bû ku navê xwedawendê sûbarî ni ştîmanî hilgirtibû. Di wê demê da ti hebûneka gelê amûrî yê bi koka xwe biyabanî ye û pa şê bi navê " Aşûrî " hate naskirin li Sûbartû tinebû. Duwem - Heyama A şûrî: Dr. Amir Hanna ji vê herêmê ra dibêje " heyama ni ştîmanî ", helbet li rê û şopa xwe ya ku me anî ziman; tevî ku ew dibêje, hinek Amûrî (Babilî ) ji nawenda Mêzopotamiya (welatê babil, nîveka Îraqê) koç kirin û ber bi bakur va bi rêveberiya Shamshi-Adad I (1813 - 1781 bz.) û kurê wî Ishmi Dagan (1780 - 1741 b.z.) hatin û welatê Sûbartû (herêma bakur li gor parvekirina Amir Hanna) talankirin û senseleteka ni ştîmanî avakirin ku bi encama wê "Dewleta A şûr" navê xwe ji bajarê "A şûr" paytextê herêmê yê yekem wergirt 5. Dr. Amir Hanna bi ser va dibêje: " Tê zanîn ku Shamshi Adad I pir zû rêveberiya padi şahiyê bir bajarê " Ikallate " bi sedema hejmara bilind ya Sûbaran li bajarê A şûr . Di pey ra çû û li bajarê Ninewa bi cih bû, ew fireh kir û kir bajarekî mezin... Ev heyam 2 bi standina desthilatê ji aliyê hin senseletên biyanî da li ser welatê A şûr bi dawî dibe . Mebesta Amir Hanna ewe ku Mîttanî hatin û bajarê Aşûr (Sûbartû ) ji desthilata senseleta amûrî rizgarkirin. Ev li dor sala 1475an b.z. bi rêveberiya padî şahê Mîttanî Shaushatar kurê Parsashatar bû 6. Di dema padî şahê a şûrî Aşûr Ballet I da (1363 - 1328 b.z.) ku ji senseleta Amûrî serdar bû, Aşûr ji dewlet-bajarekî a ştiyane hate guhartin û bû paytextê padî şahiyekê ku jêra gotin "Padî şahiya A şûr " û di vê heyamê da rûni ştivanên resen ji Sûmerî, Sûbarî, Gotî û Horiyan hatin pi şaftin (Amir Hanna ji wan ra dibêje " gelên talanker ") û teve Amûriyan bûn (Amir Hanna ji wan ra dibêje " yên ku hatin " û wisa bingeha nasnameya a şûrî nû hate danîn, û ji wê demê da zimanê akkadî/babilî û nivîsîna akkadî/babilî hate bikaranîn. Ev tê wê maneyê ku li gel pêvajoyê pi şaftina nijadî pêvajoyekî pi şaftina çandî jî pêkhat; ji ber ku ziman deriyê çandê ye û di encamê da nasnameya sûmerî/sûbarî/zagrosî ya resen wenda bû [Amir Hanna jêra dibêje " gelên hindo-ewropayî "] û bû nasnameyeka amûrî (biyabanî) ya ku êdî di warên siyasî, çandî û aborî da bû desthilatdar 7. Di wê erdnîgariyê da ti ştên hevbe ş di navbera Kurd û A şûriyan da pêkhatin. Evê bibe mijara me ya dahatî. Çar şemb, 09.12.2015 Jêder 1 Amir Hanna Fetûhî: Keldan ji destpêka zeman, rûpel 105. 2 Amir Hanna Fetûhî: Keldan ji destpêka zeman, rûpel 105, 127. 3 Amir Hanna Fetûhî: Keldan ji destpêka zeman, rûpel 94, 96, 100, 102, 175, 115, 275. 4 Jean Bottéro û hinên din: Rojhilata Nêzîk û şaristaniyên destpêkî, rûpel 188. Amir Hanna Fetûhî: Keldan ji destpêka zeman, rûpel 172 - 173. 5 Amir Hanna Fetûhî: Keldan ji destpêka zeman, rûpel 105. 6 Amir Hanna Fetûhî: Keldan ji destpêka zeman, rûpel105. Gernot Wilhelm, Horî, dîrok û şaristaniya wan, rûpel 35. William Langer, Berfirehiya dîroka cîhanê, 1/62. 7 Amir Hanna Fetûhî: Keldan ji destpêka zeman, rûpel 116, 117. 3 .
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