National GeoPark Thüringen Inselsberg - Guide forGeoRoute Mining Trail 7 Transport Points ofinterest Geological Sites column. explained inthefollowing GeoRouteare All symbolsalongthe Legend Restaurant Parking lot Railway station Thüringer Waldbahn(tram line) Bus stop Spa garden Mountain theatre Ground monument Castle View Museum Rocks Wall builtoflocalrocks Quarry Waterfall Spring Drinking pavillion Cave Rocks Mining                          



quarries or sink-holes, the remainsofhistoricmining or sink-holes, quarries step willtakeyoutooldaditentrances,abandoned Nearly every history ofthehilltownFriedrichroda. visible remainsofthemorethan500-yearoldmining The themeof this GeoRoutefocusesonthehighly wells. water pass springsandcurativemineral trail youwill the Valley. Allalong into theSchilfwasser continues and Kaempfspromenade and the Dodels- follows 7 Forest. GeoRoute and thewesternThuringian views ofthetown stein, thewalkerwillenjoybeautiful the Klinken- and “Gottlob“. Fromhere m high the 572 t Friedrichroda MiningTrail akes you to the landmark mountain of Friedrichroda: mountain akes youtothelandmark GeoRoute 11: GeoRoute 7,the 11 resources at trail Thüringenweg GeoRoute 11: natural number 3-4hours,di cultylevel:medium Information panelwith tributary tohotels&Marienglashöhle visitormine GeoRoute 7: Overview panel GeoPark Infocolumn Friedrichroda Mining TrailMining Friedrichroda length approx.7km,duration:

Information: 9 Listening station Information panel centre Tourist information Geo Infocentre 1

roda isopentovisitorseveryday: grotto. ThevisitorsmineMarienglashöhleFriedrich- famous alloverGermanyforitswonderfulcrystal Today, the former gypsumminein Abtsberg is gypsum. and rock, platysandstones crushed ore, rhyolite operations for extracting ironandlatermanganese Email: [email protected] An derB88,99894Friedrichroda Telephone: +49(0)3623-311667 www.marienglashoehle.de Marienglashöhle 3 2 Telephone: +49(0)361-4229000,Email:[email protected] We lookforwardtohearingfromyou! Das FaltblattistauchinDeutscherhältlich. Kur- undTourismusamtFriedrichroda e.t.a. SachverständigenbüroReyer Email: [email protected] 99894 Friedrichroda,Hauptstr.55 Gartenstr. 9,99894Friedrichroda Telephone: +49(0)3623-332014 Telephone: +49(0)3623-33200 All informationisliabletoprintingerrors. Haarbergstr. 37,99097Erfurt Dipl.-Geol. StephanBrauner www.thueringer-geopark.de Dipl.-Geol. StephanBrauner Geopark-Management: Stadt Friedrichroda 1. Edition,August2017 GeoPark-Office: Contact: Imprint: Author: 4 Schorn hill. Silver was never found, but the search Geological timetable for the Geopark The . Gottlob (572m) is a small but very interesting Deep in the hills of discovered the typical Friedrichroda iron ore veins. mining district. Five new minerals were discovered Audio Guide along the Youngest solid rock and first described here. One of these is the micro- The travertine (freshwater lime- stone) of Mühlberg (GeoRoutes Age scopic, orange-brown copper-magnesium-vanadate 2+3) is just 7000-5000 years old. Mining Trail Friedrichroda 1 Gottlobite. This mineral was first described as recently 2 Friedrichroda looks back on a long and interesting Quaternary Uplifting of the as 2001 and has never been found anywhere else. history of mining. For at least 400 years the local Alpine Orogeny The formation of the Alps caused The Friedrichroda Mining Trail is a restriction of the pre-alpine in mio. equipped with an audio guide in mines produced iron, manganese, cobalt and even years foreland creating extensive fault blocks in the region. As the german. Observe the QR-codes gypsum. Discover the traces of the historic mining 190 blocks were lifted by more than

Lias on the information panels and feel activities all along the Mining Trail. 2000 m the Triassic and Jurassic layers were removed, exposing Jurassic free to test the QR-code for 200 the underlying older rocks. Listening station 1 here: These faults are an essential 12 The oldest official document related to mining in requirement for the formation of the ore veins along northern Friedrichroda is a prospecting permit dated June 16, 210 margin of the Thuringian Forest. • Listening station 1 Introduction 1477, signed by the Landlord of Weimar Count One of the most famous mines, the Marienglashöhle Oldest dinosaurs in • Listening station 2 Economy and Inventive Genius Wilhelm III of Saxony. The permit authorizes the 7 220 was opened during his time. However, it was only by

Keuper (GeoRoutes 3 + 6) Abbey of to look for silver on the chance that this mine was developed. It is very • Listening station 3 The Glückstern Mine Ceratites and marine For several centuries, all mining activities focussed 230 unusual to extract gypsum in underground mines and • Listening station 4 What were the Venetians Triassic reptiles of the doing in Thuringia? on extracting these iron ore deposits. The middle of Oberer Muschelkalk Sea was never planned that way. Initially, in 1775, the Mittlerer 10 11 kalk the 16th century saw one of the high points of mining, 240 Unterer Herzog-Ernst adit was driven into the hill for draining • Listening station 5 Luther Beech and Luther Well Mu schel- Oberer Archosaurs when an exceptionally large number of mines were H. (dinosaur ancestors) the quarry above. Then, in 1778 the adit was ex- • Listening station 6 Goethe in Friedrichroda Mittlerer V.

Bunt- left their tracks in Thuringia However, the Gottlob produced more than iron ore. A developed: the Wolfstieg Vein in 1539, on the Gottlob 250 Unterer tended in an attempt to reach the copper shale. The sandstein The Ludowingers platy red sandstone known as “Flurplatten“ was • Listening station 7 in 1550 and shortly afterwards the Sperrweg Vein. The Zechstein Sea gypsum deposit was discovered during this operation stein Zech- Kupferschiefer extracted from the quarry Plattenbruch am Gottlob. • Listening station 8 From Abbey to Castle Nearly 500 years later it is still possible to recognize 260 Neuenhof-Fm. (Grenzkonglomerat) Copper shale and gypsum and offered the unexpected opportunity for under- deposits. The era of Ruhla This exposure has been protected as a natural monu- Reinhardsbrunn many of the remains of these mines. Island. The first fossil reptile ground extraction. ever to be described was found ment since 1968. In the world of science the illustrious • Listening station 9 The first visitor of the health 270 Eisenach-Formation Permian 1706 in the Thuringian Copper name Gottlob is well-known as a historic fossil site, The Zechstein deposits along the margin of the spa Friedrichroda Shale. It was later named Tambach-Formation Protorosaurus (“first lizard”) having played an important role in the research of the Thuringian Forest are responsible for another special • Listening station 10 Geotope “Old Quarry in the 280 Rotterode-Formation (GeoRoute 9) Rotliegend flora and fauna of the Rotliegend Age. In 1847, feature of Friedrichroda. They are the source of the Regenberg Porphyry“ Oberhof-Formation Early saurians from the famous minerals dissolved in the curative water of the Goldlauter-Formation Bernhard VON COTTA, a professor of geology at the • Listening station 11 Mining History of the Gottlob 290 Bromacker locality Manebach-Formation University of Freiberg, discovered the first early Ludowinger Spring Friedrichroda. The water is • Listening station 12 Miner’s Song 5 Ilmenau-Formation ? extracted by means of a 58 m deep shaft, drilled in - u. Möhrenbach-Fm. saurian tracks. The palaeontologist Hans POHLIG from 300 (GeoRoute 6) • Listening station 13 Marienglashöhle ferous Carboni- G Bonn named this type of track Ichniotherium cottae. 1995 and is transferred via a high cistern to the drinking Illustrations Variscan Orogeny Natural Monument • Listening station 14 Beneath our feet – Marienglas

THG Plattenbruch am Gottlob wells in the Kurpark, Friedenspark and Kirchplatz. formation of Pangaea supercontinent disintegration supercontinent Pangaea of formation Title: Plan of the Wolfsstieg Mine from 1757, ±1000 m Today we know who left these tracks. It was the Lake deposits with small amphi- Extract from Thüringer Staatsarchiv Nr. 557a Bl. 30 400 bians (”branchiosaurs”) and nu- Diadectids, which grew to about 1.5 m. These were Illustrations Devonian merous plant fossils. (GeoRoute 7) 1 The Gottlob, landmark hill of Friedrichroda, 420 ancient tetrapods, neither real reptiles nor amphib- setting for ancient legends and mining 7 Mineral Goethite from Gottlob hill (Foto Spelda, ) 440 ±2000 m Forest bogs of the Manebach- Liebenstein-Group Silurian >3000 m? ians. The Gottlob site is also famous for its plant area between 1550 and 1924. Formation (GeoRoutes 8+9) 8 Natural Monument Plattenbruch am Gottlob 8 9 460 2 View of the Marienglashöhle GeoInfoCentre Volcanoes of the Early fossils. For example, the oldest ginkgo remains in the 9 Ganoid fish and coprolite in common red preservation from 480 3 In the crystal grotto of the Marienglashöhle Ordovician Permian Rotliegend Era world were found here. Natural Monument Plattenbruch quarry at Gottlob hill ±1000 m 500 4 Gottlobite, a new mineral discovered in Ruhla-Group (GeoRoutes 1 and 8) 10 Old dry stone wall made of red sandstone from the Plattenbruch Some of the ores discovered in the 16th century were One of the most famous people in the mining history quarry at Gottlob hill. Those platy sandstones known as “Flur- 1997. The width of the picture represents 520 Trusetal-Group Metamorphic basement

about 1.5 mm. Cambrian of Friedrichroda is the mining officer Carl Friedrich platten“ were extracted from many places in the Thuringian Forest. useless in the eyes of the miners. This is especially 540 Intensely metamorphic rocks: 5 Fortuna adit of the Glückstern Mine at the true for manganese and cobalt ores. These became Brotterode-Group gneiss, schists and amphibolites BAUM (March 18, 1723 – August 29,1801). From 1750 11 Early saurian track Ichniotherium cottae POHLIG (1885) from 560 formed during the Variscan Oro- Friedrichroda Gottlob hill geny at the weld seam between economically important in the 18th century, with the Precambrian onwards he was responsible for mining operations in 6 Mining officer Carl Friedrich Baum, continents. They are exposed in 12 Drinking pavilion in the spa gardens with curative waters from administrator of mining around introduction of blue pigment production technology to G - post orogenic granites the Ruhla Crystalline Complex. Friedrichroda, introduced many innovations and led Ludowinger Spring Friedrichroda 6 (e.g. granites of Ruhla and Trusetal) 13 Friedrichroda between 1750-1801 the Thuringian glass and porcelain industry. THG - Thuringian main granite (GeoRoute 9) the mines to success in difficult times. 13 Small waterfall in Schilfwasser stream