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Neoconservatism: Origins and Evolution, 1945 – 1980
Neoconservatism: Origins and Evolution, 1945 – 1980 Robert L. Richardson, Jr. A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2009 Approved by, Michael H. Hunt, Chair Richard Kohn Timothy McKeown Nancy Mitchell Roger Lotchin Abstract Robert L. Richardson, Jr. Neoconservatism: Origins and Evolution, 1945 – 1985 (Under the direction of Michael H. Hunt) This dissertation examines the origins and evolution of neoconservatism as a philosophical and political movement in America from 1945 to 1980. I maintain that as the exigencies and anxieties of the Cold War fostered new intellectual and professional connections between academia, government and business, three disparate intellectual currents were brought into contact: the German philosophical tradition of anti-modernism, the strategic-analytical tradition associated with the RAND Corporation, and the early Cold War anti-Communist tradition identified with figures such as Reinhold Niebuhr. Driven by similar aims and concerns, these three intellectual currents eventually coalesced into neoconservatism. As a political movement, neoconservatism sought, from the 1950s on, to re-orient American policy away from containment and coexistence and toward confrontation and rollback through activism in academia, bureaucratic and electoral politics. Although the neoconservatives were only partially successful in promoting their transformative project, their accomplishments are historically significant. More specifically, they managed to interject their views and ideas into American political and strategic thought, discredit détente and arms control, and shift U.S. foreign policy toward a more confrontational stance vis-à-vis the Soviet Union. -
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project MORTON R. DWORKEN, JR. Interviewed
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project MORTON R. DWORKEN, JR. Interviewed by: Ambassador (ret.) Raymond Ewing Initial interview date: March 10, 008 Copyright 013 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in ashington, D.C. $ raised in Ohio. Yale University$ (ohns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) ,ntered the Foreign Service in 19.8 A0111 Course FSI2 3ietnam Training Center, Arlington, 3A. 19.8019.9 Course of instruction Fort Bragg (F4 Special arfare School 3ietnamese language study Taipei, Taiwan$ International Rice Institute$ New 8ife 19.9 Development Officer Training Rice production Saigon, 3ietnam2 9ilitary Assistance Command Civil Operations 19.9 9ilitary Assistance Command Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support (9AC3CORDS) Province supervisory team training Phuoc 8ong, 3ietnam2 9ember, Provincial Advisory Team 19.901971 Province description 9RIII (Third Corps Tactical Zone) Team composition Ambassador Charlie hitehouse Ambassador Richard Funkhouser 8t. Colonel Bob Hayden Operations Transport 8ocal security programs Refugees 3iet Cong village chief 1 8iving conditions 3isits to Saigon Personal weapons 9ontagnards Assistance to Catholic Sisters Rattan production Hamlet ,valuation System (H,S) Tet Province Development Plan Relations with 3ietnamese army Hawthorne (Hawk) 9ills Ambassador Sam Berger General Abrams Counter0Insurgency Assessment of US03ietnam endeavor 3ientiane, 8aos2 Special Assistant for Political09ilitary Affairs 197101973 Nickname2 -
University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
GRINDING IT OUT: NEOCONSERVATIVES, STRATEGIC ARMS, AND PROTECTING AMERICA, 1968-1980 By ROGER E. CAREY A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2014 1 © 2014 Roger E. Carey 2 This dissertation is dedicated to Coralyn, with great love. 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To paraphrase some PBS programs, this dissertation was made possible by the contributions of many people over the past several years. The work here is mine, and mine alone, along with any errors of fact or judgment. To the extent that this study represents an original contribution to historical knowledge, several individuals and groups supported me during my research and writing. I want to begin by thanking my dissertation advisor, Matthew F. Jacobs. He has been a constant source of encouragement and advice, putting up with my slow pace and challenging me to think more closely and more deeply about what I was trying to argue. At each step of the process, his sage advice and direction have guided my efforts to write the best work I could generate. I also am grateful for the contributions of my committee, William A. Link, Frederick Gregory, Ido Oren, and Norman J.W. Goda, and my original advisor, Robert McMahon (now at Ohio State University). Finally, I owe a debt to Joseph “Andy” Fry, my M.A. advisor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, who started me on the road of historical inquiry. My research for this project was greatly facilitated by two grants: a Moody Grant from the LBJ Foundation at the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum in Austin, TX, and a Milbauer Grant-in-Aid from the Milbauer Program in Southern History at the University of Florida. -
May 16-31, 1971
RICHARD NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY DOCUMENT WITHDRAWAL RECORD DOCUMENT DOCUMENT SUBJECT/TITLE OR CORRESPONDENTS DATE RESTRICTION NUMBER TYPE 1 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 5/29/1971 A Appendix “A” 2 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 5/17/1971 A Appendix “A” 3 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 5/22/1971 A Appendix “A” 4 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 5/25/1971 A Appendix “A” COLLECTION TITLE BOX NUMBER WHCF: SMOF: Office of Presidential Papers and Archives RC-7 FOLDER TITLE President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary May 16, 1971 – May 31, 1971 PRMPA RESTRICTION CODES: A. Release would violate a Federal statute or Agency Policy. E. Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or B. National security classified information. financial information. C. Pending or approved claim that release would violate an individual’s F. Release would disclose investigatory information compiled for law rights. enforcement purposes. D. Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of privacy G. Withdrawn and return private and personal material. or a libel of a living person. H. Withdrawn and returned non-historical material. DEED OF GIFT RESTRICTION CODES: D-DOG Personal privacy under deed of gift -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION *U.S. GPO; 1989-235-084/00024 NA 14021 (4-85) THE WHITE HOUSE PRESIDENT RICHARD NIXON'S DAILY DIARY (See Tr~vel Record [or Travel Activity) PLACE DAY BEGAN DATE (Mo., Day. Yr.) jIAY 16, 1971 KEY BISCAYNE TIME DAY li'Tf'lVTnl1 Q'47 .q ,m C::TTNnAV PHONE TIME P=Placed R=Received ACTIVITY 1----,..------+---,--- In Out Lo LO 9:47 The President had breakfast. -
1 the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR RUSH W. TAYLOR, JR. Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: April 1, 2009 Copyright 2010 ADS TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in Arkansas raised in Texas. The Great Depression Racial segregation Harvard College University of (irginia Law School US Army Heidelberg and Geneva Averell Harriman ,ntered the Foreign Service in 19.2 0aound12 Cameroon Rotation Officer 19.2319.5 Ambassador Leland Barrows Decoloni5ation of Africa ,nvironment Ahmadou Ahidjo The French Government Libreville2 Gabon 6temporary assignment7 Death of President 8ennedy US Ambassadors Inspection Courier plane crash mission pouch Ambassador and Mrs. Randolph 8idder State Department: FSI Italian language training 19.5 Meeting future wife2 Joanna Bellows Marriage Rome2 Italy: Staff Assistant to Ambassador Frederick Reinhardt 19.5319.7 Ambassador and Mrs. Reinhardt ,mbassy environment ,mbassy social life Florence2 Italy Administrative Officer 19.7 1 State Department: Italy Desk Officer 19.7319.8 Wells Stabler Norfolk2 (irginia: Army Staff College 19.8 State Department: ,xecutive Secretariat Line Officer2 ,urope 19.931972 and Special Assistant to Deputy Secretary 8enneth Rush ,nvironment Middle ,ast talks Secretary of State William Rogers 8issinger Operations State Department FSI: Portuguese language training 1972 Oporto2 Portugal: Consul 197231975 ,conomy ,nvironment US Military Mission British influence Demographics Local government Catholic Church Students -
Supplement of Bulletin of the German Historical Institute 10
Bulletin of the German Historical Institute 54 | Supplement 10 2014 More Atlantic Crossings? European Voices and the Postwar Atlantic Community 03 Preface and Acknowledgments INTRODUCTION 07 More Atlantic Crossings? European Voices and the Postwar Atlantic Community Jan Logemann 19 Rethinking Transatlantic Relations in the First Cold War Decades Mary Nolan DIPLOMATS AND INTELLECTUALS: REIMAGINING THE TRANSATLANTIC WORLD 41 The Political and Cultural Underpinnings of Atlanticism’s Crisis in the 1960s Kenneth Weisbrode 61 The World Economy and the Color Line: Wilhelm Röpke, Apartheid, and the White Atlantic Quinn Slobodian TRANSFERS AND NEGOTIATIONS: ÉMIGRÉS AND POSTWAR AMERICA 91 Weimar Social Science in Cold War America: The Case of the Political-Military Game Daniel Bessner 111 Franz L. Neumann: Negotiating Political Exile Thomas Wheatland 139 The Transatlantic Reconstruction of “Western” Culture: George Mosse, Peter Gay, and the Development of the German Tradition of Geistesgeschichte Merel Leeman TRANSCENDING THE ATLANTIC WORLD: SHIFTING MENTAL MAPS 163 “The Atlantic Community in a Global Context”: Global Crisis and Atlanticism within the Context of the Club of Rome, 1960s to 1970s Christian Albrecht 2 GHI BULLETIN SUPPLEMENT 10 (2014) PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The essays in this volume originated in the 2012 workshop “More Atlantic Crossings?” at the German Historical Institute in Washington, DC, which explored European inputs to and their rela- tive weight within transatlantic social relations. The editors would like to thank all the participants for their comments and contribu- tions. Special thanks go to Daniel Rodgers, whose scholarship not only inspired the leading question of the workshop, but who, as our third co-convener, greatly facilitated the workshop and our discus- sions. -
Briefing Papers
The original documents are located in Box C52, folder “Presidential Handwriting, 11/17/1976” of the Presidential Handwriting File at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box C52 of The Presidential Handwriting File at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE NOVEMBER 17, 1976 Office of the White House Press Secretary -~~~------------------------------------------------------------- THE WHITE HOUSE The President today announced the appointment of William F. Gorog, Deputy Assistant to the President for Economic Affairs, as Executive Director of the Council on International Economic Policy. /.This is a recess appointment. _./ r" •' . / Born ·on September 2, 1925, in Warren, Ohio, Mr,~orog graduated from the U. S. Military Academy at West Point in 19,4{. He received his M. S. degree from Ohio State University Gr¢'uate School in Columbus. He was Chairman of the Board and Chief ecutive Officer of Mead Technology Laboratories prior to his a ointment to the White House Staff on March.23, 1976. -
Advisory Board Report
confidential and privileged THE PRESIDENT’S FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE ADVISORY BOARD Learning Lessons from Its Past to Shape Its Future Kenneth Michael Absher Michael Desch Roman Popadiuk A Report Presented to the Richard Lounsbery Foundation Washington, D.C. June 16, 2008 This report is based on a longer and more historically detailed study prepared for the Richard Lounsbery Foundation. The report summarizes the historical and analytical findings of that study and presents recommendations regarding the future operation of the President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board (PFIAB). We hope that, in both cases, we have added to the literature on intelligence and have raised issues for discussion that can help in the on-going debate and analysis of the intelligence community and in strengthening the intelligence advice provided the president. The authors wish to express their appreciation to the Richard Lounsbery Foundation for its support of this project. In particular, we wish to acknowledge the role of Ambassador David Abshire whose vision and support were instrumental in initiating the study. The views and recommendations expressed in this report, however, do not reflect the views or beliefs of the Richard Lounsbery Foundation, the Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs, the George Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University, or the George Bush Presidential Library Foundation. We wish to acknowledge the contribution of the 2006 Masters Program in International Affairs (MPIA) Capstone Team at the George Bush School of Government and Public Service. The authors take full responsibility for the strengths and weaknesses of the report. Note: In its history, the PFIAB has been known by a number of names. -
June 16-30, 1973
RICHARD NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY DOCUMENT WITHDRAWAL RECORD DOCUMENT DOCUMENT SUBJECT/TITLE OR CORRESPONDENTS DATE RESTRICTION NUMBER TYPE 1 Manifest Air Force One – Appendix “B” 6/17/1973 A 2 Manifest “Spirit of ‘76” – Appendix “D” (2 pp.) 6/22/1973 A 3 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 6/17/1973 A Appendix “A” 4 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 6/19/1973 A Appendix “C” 5 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 6/21/1973 A Appendix “A” 6 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 6/22/1973 A Appendix “C” 7 Manifest Helicopter Passenger Manifest – 6/24/1973 A Appendix “B” COLLECTION TITLE BOX NUMBER WHCF: SMOF: Office of Presidential Papers and Archives RC-12 FOLDER TITLE President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary June 16, 1973 – June 30, 1973 PRMPA RESTRICTION CODES: A. Release would violate a Federal statute or Agency Policy. E. Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or B. National security classified information. financial information. C. Pending or approved claim that release would violate an individual’s F. Release would disclose investigatory information compiled for law rights. enforcement purposes. D. Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of privacy G. Withdrawn and return private and personal material. or a libel of a living person. H. Withdrawn and returned non-historical material. DEED OF GIFT RESTRICTION CODES: D-DOG Personal privacy under deed of gift -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION *U.S. GPO; 1989-235-084/00024 NA 14021 (4-85) T!JE WHITE HOUSE PRESIDENT RICHARD NIXON'S DAilY DIARY (Set Travd Record (or Travel ActivilY) PLACE DAY pEGAN I DATE (Mo., bay, Yr.) JUNE 16 ~ .1973 KhY BISCAYNE: COMPOUND, TIME DAY FLORIDA 9 :30 a .m. -
The Lure and Pitfalls of Mirvs
THE LURE & PITFALLS OF MIRVs From the First to the Second Nuclear Age Edited by Michael Krepon, Travis Wheeler and Shane Mason THE LURE & PITFALLS OF MIRVs From the First to the Second Nuclear Age Edited by Michael Krepon, Travis Wheeler and Shane Mason May 2016 © Copyright 2016 Stimson Center. All rights reserved. Visit www.stimson.org for more information. Cover photo: David James Paquin via Wikimedia Commons The Lure and Pitfalls of MIRVs CONTENTS Preface................................................................ 7 Executive Summary .................................................... 8 Key Terms and Acronyms . 10 Introduction.......................................................... 13 Michael Krepon and Travis Wheeler The Geopolitical Origins of US Hard-Target-Kill Counterforce Capabilities and MIRVs.................................... 19 Brendan Rittenhouse Green and Austin Long The Impact of MIRVs and Counterforce Targeting on the US-Soviet Strategic Relationship .................................. 55 Alexey Arbatov and Vladimir Dvorkin China’s Belated Embrace of MIRVs ...................................... 95 Jeffrey G. Lewis India’s Slow and Unstoppable Move to MIRV ............................ 119 Rajesh Basrur and Jaganath Sankaran Pakistan, MIRVs, and Counterforce Targeting ........................... 149 Feroz H. Khan and Mansoor Ahmed Summing Up and Looking Ahead ...................................... 177 Michael Krepon 5 PREFACE I am pleased to present the latest publication of the Stimson Center’s South Asia program, -
Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
University of Bath PHD Offensive Intelligence An Epistemic Community in the Transition from Cold War Liberalism to Neoconservatism Griffin, Thomas Award date: 2017 Awarding institution: University of Bath Link to publication Alternative formats If you require this document in an alternative format, please contact: [email protected] General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 01. Oct. 2021 Offensive Intelligence: An Epistemic Community in the Transition from Cold War Liberalism to Neoconservatism Tom Griffin A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Bath Department of Social & Policy Sciences April 2017 COPYRIGHT Attention is drawn to the fact that copyright of this thesis rests with the author. A copy of this thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that they must not copy it or use material from it except as permitted by law or with the consent of the author. -
Goodby, James E
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project AMBASSADOR JAMES E. GOODBY Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: December 10, 1990 Copyright 199 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background aised in New England Harvard University US Army Engineers & US Air Force Entered Foreign Service 1952 Atomic Energy Commission 1954,1959 Committee on Effects of Ioni.ing adiation Harold Stassen Edward Teller elations with Soviets Nuclear weapons US Disarmament Commission 1959,1960 1hrushchev Atmospheric Test Ban issue Cu2an missile crisis Policy Planning Council 1960,1963 Net Evaluation Committee 1ennedy 4hite House operations Nuclear war thinking Secretary 5cNamara China as a threat 5ultinational Force 657F8 issue US 5ission to European Community 1963,1969 EU ATO5 Le Defi American 9ean 5onet and a United States of Europe Shumann plan 1 EU Bureau 1969,1931 NATO matters ussians and European troop withdrawal SA7T I Brussels, Belgium 1931,1934 Counselor for Political Affairs Am2assador David 1ennedy Am2assador umsfeld NATO issues Henry 1issinger CSCE issue Soviet Union as European power Eastern Europe and the CSCE 5utual Balanced Force eduction 65BF 8 The Year of Europe Atlantic Charter 5ichel 9ou2ert French attitudes Political,5ilitary Bureau 1934,1933 Deputy Assistant Secretary Nixon resignation SA7T talks Defense Secretary Schlesinger NATO weapons standardi.ation Diego Garcia negotiations Donald umsfeld Intelligence and esearch Bureau 4hite House & summit planning Affairs 1933,1980 US,Soviet relations