IBA meets IBA

An exhibition of the 100year-old history of International Building Exhibitions

A cooperative project of IBA Hamburg and M:AI Museum of Architecture and the Art of Engineering NRW Preface What is an IBA? What may these programs achieve? What kind of tasks do the International Building Exhibitions face today?

“IBA meets IBA” is a cooperative exhibition of the International Building Exhibition Hamburg – Ideas of the Future for the Metropolis and the M:AI Museum of Archi- tecture and the Art of Engineering of North Rhine-Westphalia.

By focusing on the questions: What is an IBA? What may these programs achieve? What kind of tasks do the Inter- national Building Exhibitions face today?, this kind of exhibition is the starting point of an initiative that thematizes one of the outstan- ding national efforts within the field of buil- ding culture presenting it in different places with changing partners of cooperation.

03 1901 1927 1952/57 1987 1999 2010 2010 2013

Darmstadt Weißenhof Colony Stalin Avenue & IBA Berlin The Ruhr Area: IBA Fürst-Pückler- IBA Urban Redevelop- IBA Hamburg Mathildenhöhe Stuttgart Interbau IBA Emscher Park Region ment Saxony-Anhalt p. 06–07 p. 08–09 p. 10–11 p. 12–13 p. 14–15 p. 16–17 p. 18–19 p. 20–21

To work with this wealth of experience – Climate Change”. This is done on the grounds experience, valuations and advices. It is This exhibition wants to be a place to learn hosting building exhibitions for more than a of the Mathildenhöhe in Darmstadt, the very recognizable that this network will stay right on the spot, a place for dialogue with- hundred years by now- , to develop it contem- Weißenhof Colony in Stuttgart, the Interbau together and decided to continue giving out restraint, an invitation to take part in porarily and to present it to everybody who in Berlin, the Berlin exhibition “old” and orientation. planning, in thinking and in realizing. And this is seeking for a kind of orientation in their “new”, the IBA Emscher Park and the cur- I would like to thank those who are respon- exhibition wants to reassure. complex spatial structures remains the aim rent building exhibitions: IBA Lake in Lower sible for the research and concept of this of the whole project. Lausitz with its ambitious aim to transform exhibition: Werner Durth, Rudolf Scheuvens With help of the IBA Hamburg this project a landscape destroyed by brown coal mining and Kunibert Wachten with their competent of self assurance and renewed self creation into the largest European lake region, as well teams. Thank you, too, for the uncountable within in the field of building culture might as the IBA Urban Redevelopment in Saxony- ordinary little pains which are connected to Uli Hellweg improve its start: rediscovering the benefit of Anhalt with its highly interesting communal that work. Director IBA Hamburg GmbH its construction-site-like character in the era network structures. They are our partners as of globalization and world-wide competition well as the newly founded IBA Basel 2020 (“A The exhibition does not take place in a among metropolises. The IBA Hamburg it- Future à Trois”) – the first tri-national IBA. location where normally exhibitions are pre- self presents an event that transferred itself sented. It comes to the people whose future into the 21st century. It is a transforming and A network IBA has developed in this context, is the mere topic its work. Consciously the Peter Köddermann motivating exhibition for all future building a cooperation of many IBA-creators, as well IBA Hamburg and the M:AI decided to present Project Coordination M:AI NRW exhibitions by thematizing the urgent ques- as many scientific IBA-companions, - obser- it in an EDEKA supermarket right in the tions of the “International Urban Society”, vers and – critics. We do thank the ladies and center of Wilhelmsburg, in the center of the the “Inner Peripheries” and the “Cities under gentlemen of this circle for their exchange of planning area of the IBA Hamburg.

04 05 Haus Behrens (Behrens House), view 1901

Main entrance to exhibition in 1901 1901 exhibiton opening cerimony in front of the studio building (Ernst-Ludwig Haus)

Darmstadt Mathildenhöhe A Document of German Art

State of Change common but trendsetting including aspects cups and glasses developing a holistic design The growth of industry and transport at the of the future” (Joseph Maria Olbrich). Titled a “temple of work” the Ernst-Ludwig- of a new life style. beginning of the 19th century had the effect Mathildenhöhe gave innovative, construc- House was built as a collective studio for the of a yet unseen concentration of people, tional evidence of the then life reform move- artists. Above the entrance the motto says: Models of Holistic Life Concept production and capital winding up to an ment and received international appreciation. “His world the artist may show, which never The idea of holistic concepts now accompan- “explosion” of the cities. Accompanying the Not later than in May 1901after finishing was and never will be”. The building is the ied the building scene of the 20th century: rapid industrialization the social situation the colony the first IBA was opened titled climax of an ensemble that inserts itself in the mainstream opposing hippie movement changed: everyday products were now me- “A Document of German Art”. together with the artists‘ residences into of the late 60s and 70s as well as in the eco- rely produced by industrial mass production, the landscape. logical movement of the 80s and 90s. In the art vanished from everyday life. The specialty of the building exhibition: time of the globalisation of markets and of the compound and holistic design. Urban The only house not being designed by the internationalization of the urban society The First Building Exhibition Darmstadt – plan, studio and residential buildings, exhibi- Olbrich received high appreciation in the again the Mathildenhöhe inspires to reflect a Document of German Art tion buildings, interior design with products same way. Peter Behrens, invited to anew on the relation between “building”, In 1988 an artists‘ colony developed on of every day needs – everything was planned Darmstadt as painter and graphic artist, “architecture”, “living” and “society”. Mathildenhöhe by the initiative of Grand Duke together. here introduced himself as an architect for Ernst Ludwig. The master plan was given to the first time. He succeeded in designing an the young architect Joseph Maria Olbrich. In team work the architects, painters and entire project starting with the footprint The process involved many artists. The team sculptors gave new shape to their environ- and the general vision of the house up to looked for a new form as a “milestone on its ment – as an attempt to reconcile art and the details of the stucco work of the interior, way to the renewal of life”, “which is not every day life, city and nature. from the furniture down to the plates and

06 07 Mies van der Rohe, block of flats, 1927 Weißenhofsiedlung, aerial view, 1927 1927

Hans Scharoun, detached family house, 1927

Weißenhof Colony Stuttgart Testimony of New Building

Situation Colony presented new forms of residing, similar architectural conceptions of the par- A Model with Impact In 1907 twelve artists and twelve industrial- which were required and supported by the ticipating architects and the set parameter The Weißenhof Colony – as well as other ists proclaimed the Deutscher Werkbund Deutscher Werkbund, to a national and inter- of only using the “revolutionary” flat roofs. Werkbund colonies – still dominates the buil- (German Working Coalition). By the coopera- national audience. Then the 17 participating Without any decoration or ornaments the ding exhibitions of the 20th century as an tion of art, industry and craft they planned architects like Le Corbusier, Gropius, cubic architecture of the Weißenhof Colony extraordinary milestone. Especially the to enhance the quality of German products Scharoun and others were only known in represented the architecture of modernism. Weißenhof colony is considered as a “built and their prestige in foreign countries. avant-garde circles of that time – today they manifest” of a modern and open-minded With a claim to universal validity “from the belong to the most important masters of The works of the 17 architects coming from concept of life. It also shows how deeply design of a cushion to urban planning” the modern architecture. Under the artistic five European countries in one colony inten- architecture, politics and society have always Deutsche Werkbund became a cultural autho- guidance of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe they ded to demonstrate that New Building neces- been interwoven. rity that pursued to support and influence the created an exemplary residing program for sarily was regarded as an “international development of taste in all spheres. Building the modern man in the big city. Twelve model architecture”. 50 thousand visitors came. exhibitions belonged to the operating range houses were developed. Their supporters celebrated the colony as of the Deutsche Werkbund. a vision of the future. Critics defamed the The Architecture of Modernism colony as “Arabian Village” (“Araberdorf”). Modernism as Program Like through a looking glass the Building The colony polarized: open-minded contra The Weißenhof Colony in Stuttgart ist one of Exhibition Weißenhof Colony presented the conservative, flat roof contra gable roof, the most important testimonies of this New then contemporary development in archi- modernism contra patriotism. Building. As a building exhibition titled “The tecture and housing. A minimum of formal Residence” (“Die Wohnung”) in 1927 the coherence was acquired by the basically

08 09 View on to Stalinallee 1952 1957

Aerial photograph Wilhelm Schubert, political poster, 1949 Hansaviertel

Stalinallee (Stalin Avenue) & Interbau Contest of the systems

Situation deconstruction and the redevelopment of because of its popular central residential area “Stalinallee” as the “first socialistic street” By 1948 the political division of Berlin was this heavily destroyed bourgeois quarter the with high living standards. Critics underline in Germany. confirmed by the currency reform and the Hansa Quarter as an exemplary exhibition above all the missing usage variety of a quar- blockade. The urban planning in East and project was planned to be an example of “ ter that is dominated by housing. They ask if The Stalin Avenue was conceived as the West started to pursue different paths. While the City of Tomorrow”. Under the patronage the Interbau with its conglomeration of single central spine of the GDR capital. Geared to East Berlin was announced the capital of the of the Berlin Senate 53 internationally renow- projects by popular architects ignored the Schinkel‘s formal repertoire, based on the GDR the isolated West Berlin became the ned architects were elected to develop single requirements of a development of new urban “16 Principles of Urban Building in the GDR” object of “propaganda” demonstration of objects in a park-like landscape. qualities just after the war. and developed along Soviet models, monu- the West. Funded by the Marshall Plan the mental “residences for workers” were built change from the basic repair of the city into The new Hansa Quarter wanted to bury the The Hansa Quarter here with historic style elements from 1953 a fundamental reconstruction took place in memory of the old quarter completely in as an Answer of the West towards the East on. With regard to urban planning East Berlin the 50s. There was a dream of a structured oblivion. In place of the old block structure a In its pedagogical claim the Interbau invited continued the idea of the “beautiful compact but relaxed city –definitely closing the tradi- mixture of high and flat buildings appeared in the post-war architects to enter the new city” along the basic principles of traditional tion of the city of tenements originated in the landscape. models of international modernism. The Inter- architecture. In the context of the national the 19th century. bau was planned as the biggest building indus- development program the Stalin Avenue was Today the Hansa Quarter stands as a built trial and architectural show as well as a celebrated as “the cornerstone of the constitu- The New Hansa Quarter document of planar rehabilitation in the demonstration of superiority of the West tion of socialism in the capital of Germany” This new approach came to evidence in the period of modernism while functional build- towards the East. By this instrument of an (W. Ulbricht). Today, the Karl-Marx-Allee, how first international building exhibition after ings of the area are mostly weakly planned. international building exhibition West Berlin this avenue has been called since 1961, stands WWII – the Interbau Berlin 1957. After the Many people appreciate the Hansa Quarter reacted to the East Berlin prestige project as a cultural monument of European rank.

10 11 Rob Krier, ideal plan for southern part of Friedrichstadt, 1977 1987 Squatting in Block 89 around the Fränkelufer in Kreuzberg, 1981

Gottfried Böhm, housing development, Prager Platz

IBA Berlin The repair and reconstruction of the city

The Murdered City means the repair of the city. Thirty years reactivated as a mere concern of architecture Reference of Gentle Urban Redevelopment Efforts of progress and modernisation deter- after the Interbau, the IBA Berlin 87 opposes and building art. From January 1986 to December 1992 the mine the urban development of the 60s and post war urban planning. The Building Exhibi- private S.T.E.R.N. GmbH continued this 70s. Entire quarters were hit by “demolition tion Berlin GmbH was founded by the Senate Gentle Urban Redevelopment process with the same team which already for reconstruction”. Leaving the historic city of the City of Berlin in 1979. The IBA Berlin (IBA – old building stock) worked for the IBA. For these extraordinary behind as well as the current strategy of 1987 opens itself up from two approaches: In 1977 massive protests against deconstruc- effort in the context of “Gentle Urban Re- planar rehabilitation and breaking down IBA – new development and IBA – old building tion and housing shortage led to the com- development Kreuzberg” the State of Berlin whole urban quarters do more and more stock. petition “Strategies for Kreuzberg” and from received the “European Urban and Regional meet with criticism and resistance. 1979 on into the “illegal reconditioning/ Award” in 1994. Generally the IBA – old buil- Critical Reconstruction reoccupation” of many vacant houses in ding stock led planning into a new epoch: new The Rehabilitation of the Historic City (IBA new development) the quarter – starting point for the IBA – old development stepped back behind securing In a definite contrast to the Interbau Ex- Between 1979 and 1987 IBA new develop- building stock. Their foremost aims were the and modernizing the stock. By its pilot pro- hibition of 1957 the central theme was the ment realized a multitude of new building conservation, stabilization, and development jects IBA became the incentive of supporting rediscovery of the historic city centre of projects in the context of competitions with of existing social and functional urban programs with respect to urban renewal and Berlin having been destroyed by far through international architects. Key aspects were the structures as well as the implantation of pro- to the change of jurisdiction for rehabilitation war and the building of the Wall. For the first southern part of Berlin-Friedrichstadt, the cesses like self-help and modernisation and environmental protection. time in the history of building exhibitions the southern part of the Berlin quarter of Tier- by the tenant. IBA Berlin focuses on the renovation of old garten and the Berlin inner harbour Tegel. housing stock and its chances of integrating Its program concentrated on a “critical re- new housing successfully – what actually construction” of the city so that the city was

12 13 1999

Zollvereinwald (Zollverein Forest), Essen

Kokerei (coking plant) Zollverein

Duisburg’s inner harbour

The Ruhr Area: IBA Emscher Park The Future of an Industrial Region

The Situation: Change without Growth for an ecological, economical and cultural :: Former industrial buildings became unique Learning from IBA? More than 150 years ago the coal, iron and redevelopment of a region consisting of 17 event locations and tourist sites. The indus- The IBA Emscher Park helped to develop steel industry arrived at the region around cities in an area of 70 kilometres length and trial culture has meanwhile changed into many other structural programs in North the river Emscher, exhausted and destroyed 15 kilometres latitude. In contrast to former the most effective label of the region, the Rhine-Westphalia: The “Regionals”, which the landscape. By the 80s and 90s waste exhibitions the IBA Emscher Park projects by densest cultural landscape of Europe. Former tried to set trendsetting impulses in the land and abandoned industrial sites gave far exceeded topics like “Living” and “City”. industrial sites are locations of culture, sports region by holistic development programs. proof to the end of the myth of wealth and events. IBA created new ways for a specific “change through this industry. But: what chances do The IBA concentrated on the following topics by culture” which convinced the international this region finds with respect to its ecolo- with more than 100 projects: :: The region also gains a trendsetting quality jury of the competition for “European Capital gical and economic reuse? The International by contemporary housing projects with the of Culture 2010”. Worldwide the IBA Emscher Building Exhibition IBA Emscher Park tried :: The Emscher Landscape Park: On a track following focus: on the one hand securing Park offered orientation for a new approach to answer this question. of more than 75 kilometres right through the the stock especially in the workers‘ areas to former industrial regions and sites. region 50 projects were realized which were with garden city qualities, on the other hand The IBA Emscher Park: Workshop of the the base of this green project. The industrial setting innovations with new types of building Renewal of Former Industrial Regions nature consists of coalmine woods and artis- projects on fallows. The federal government of North Rhine- tically arranged heaps. This includes bicycle Westphalia opened up the “International Buil- tracks and exemplary parks. For the first :: Jobs opened up where job had existed befo- ding Exhibition Emscher Park” in 1989 to give time in the history of building exhibitions the re but now leading to new working and design “trendsetting impulses”. Actual gains were topic of “landscape planning and landscape requirements. On former industrial sites now to work out conceptual and practical advices architecture” was exposed. new business and service locations develop.

14 15 2010 In focus: The structural and landscape change in Lusatia

IBA Fürst-Pückler-Region The emerging Lausitzer Seenland Workshop for New Landscapes

Situation Lausitz. Its funding results from the federal Europe‘s greatest landscape of artificial lakes Lusatian Waterworld with its label “swimming 150 years of brown coal mining and its utiliza- and state program of brown coal reorganiza- with its 30 lakes and its 14 thousand hectares architecture” becomes a model of a future tion strongly formed the region of the Lower tion. The name refers to Hermann Prince of of water surface. Half of that is now being service oriented society where new forms of Lausitz. Injured landscapes and abandoned Pückler-Muskau who created many praised connected by navigable canals and hundreds housing and working are experimented within industrial sites remained after the economic masterpieces of landscape architecture by of kilometers of bicycles and skater tracks. the landscape. Supporting organizations of developments within the once energetic cen- his parks in Bad Muskau and Branitz at the Swimming houses become nation-wide these developments are special purpose tre of the former GDR were suddenly stopped beginning of the 19th century. attractions. associations and private investors. Hereby, by the political change. Seventeen open pits the new lakes becomes an economically ceased to work from the beginning of the 90s The IBA gives economic, ecological and crea- The former overburden conveyer bridge F60 effective column of the whole region. and consequently provoked the question of tive impulses to these enormous landscape was conserved as visitor’s mine and is one how to cope with these enormous pits in the and structural changes: industrial monu- milestone project of IBA. The sculptural future and how to go on, generally. ments will be conserved and used in new ensemble of the biological towers of the for- ways, urban renewal projects will be promo- mer coking plant Lauchhammer remains as “Landscape” as Focus ted and the moon landscapes of the brown a memorial and a location for events. Local planners as well as students developed coal mining will be opened to tourism. the idea of an IBA bottom-up – for the region Lusatia is the biggest landscape construc- Motivating Individual Solutions between Großräschen and Senftenberg, in tion site of Europe. The former brown coal At other locations more tourist points will the first place. In 1999 the beginning was area changes into the Lusatian lakeland: be developed which will communicate as a set for the IBA Fürst-Pückler-Region with Exhausted open pits become Germany‘s most whole and reflect the singularity of this arti- projects spreading through the whole Lower extra-ordinary region for water tourism and ficial lake landscape. In addition to that, the

16 17 2010

f.l.t.r.: Pulling together – family festival in Wanzleben

New heritage – Luther’s birth house ensemble in Eisleben

400 m2 Dessau – citizens develop claims

IBA Urban Redevelopment Urban Redevelopment as a Civil Project

Demographic Change urban redevelopment is able to solve the In the final year 2010 exemplary solutions for very important platform for the exchange Germany finds itself at the end of European problem of vacancy, decay and the financial this urban renewal will be presented in the of experience and ideas. Out of all juridical birth statistics. Another shrinkage factor emergency of local authorities. IBA cities, which will be transferable to other regularities informal instruments and modes refers to the economic structural change cities and regions. of operation are used because the situation which especially hit Eastern Germany in New Perspectives of Cities in Change of change requires undogmatic and adjusted fast motion right after the political system To initiate this process the federal govern- Instruments and Methods strategies and operational concepts. change. Thousands of company closings and ment decided to realize the IBA Urban of the IBA Urban Redevelopment 2010 a sudden rise of unemployment led to the Redevelopment Saxony-Anhalt 2010 in the Support as regards content and consulting movement of mostly young and qualified year 2002 being organized by the foundation of the participating cities with respect to people to economically stronger Western Bauhaus Dessau and state development com- their development and the realization of their states and to foreign countries. Beside that, pany SALEG. As the first building exhibition ideas build up the centre of that IBA work. the average age of the urban society rises. in Germany this IBA focuses on a whole Their main instruments and methods include In addition to that an urban sprawl of the German Bundesland (state). 19 cities in e.g. civil participation, public actions as well hinterland began: many families moved to Saxony-Anhalt take part in the IBA with their as various permanent and temporary artis- the countryside, more an more city centers specific topics. The aim of that exhibition is tic and architectural interventions in urban were characterized by vacant buildings and to work out a special expertise for the rene- spaces. Here new and inter-coordinated obsolescence. wal on a federal and communal basis and to methods of funding and spatial manage- generate exemplary projects of urban de- ment, urban and regional planning as well as These shrinking processes require a commu- velopment with respect to the demographic its planning culture will be developed. The nal correction: only a radical and consequent change and the economic transformations. IBA-city network has been functioning as a

18 19 2013 The “IBA DOCK”: IBA Hamburg‘s future exhibition and office buildung

Questions and answers in the “Raum der Ideen” in the „Zeichen A bird’s eye view of the von Respekt” exhibition IBA area

IBA Hamburg Designs for the Future of Metropolis

Situation the urban society may outlive their friction dialogues and publications the IBA looks Hamburg on a kind of urban treaty containing The setting: Hamburg – the island called force in a positive way – so that the metropo- for the future of the metropolis along three specific aims. A board of trustees consisting Wilhelmsburg in the river Elbe, as well as lis remains a place worth living full of innova- aspects: of seven international scientists secures the the Veddel and the Harburg inner harbor. tions for everybody. excellence of the IBA projects. The Board of More than any other location in Hamburg 1. COSMOPOLIS Civil Participation accompanies the process, Wilhelmsburg is defined by contrasts. Only The metropolis – being the intersection of Turning diversity into strength acts as a multiplier and provides the neces- seven minutes of public transportation from international cultures and global production, sary down-to-earth state. the Hamburg Central Station industry, city place of latitude and opportunities as well as 2. METROZONES and harbor meet marshland, natural reserve of contrasts and tensions. Here the urgent Building a new town within the city and the water. Many traffic lines cross this questions of our time are concentrated. The IBA-area of 28 km2, where people of more IBA Hamburg looks for exemplary answers to 3. CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE than 40 nations live together. Here the con- these questions – with respect to urban plan- Growing in harmony with the environment flicts and chances of globalization come ning, to urban economy as well as to social together – more than at any other place in and cultural co-existence in the metropolis. Structure the Hamburg region. Solutions are quested which give impulses for A new urban treaty motivates civil engage- the planning and building culture. ment. To bundle the forces of the metropolis Topics the IBA Hamburg introduced a real new At these fractures the IBA creates new rooms The IBA Hamburg asks central questions of approach: the IBA-Convention. For the first for the latitude and the opportunities of the the development of the metropolis. By built time in the history of building exhibitions the metropolis. Here contrasts and tensions of examples, social and cultural projects, events, protagonists decided together with the city of

20 21 IBA is : IBA becomes Evaluation of and questions concerning IBA

IBA is: Exceptional Circumstances Therefore, the beginning of building exhibi- centuries they changed into structural international topics and some defined quality All building exhibitions have one thing in tions was always accompanied by emotional programs with a wide spectrum of topics, standards which would be valid international- common: a time out of ordinary life to create exuberance. Building exhibitions have only regional extensions and a long time of de- ly. In times of globalization “internationality” something new. Building exhibitions have been successful when they possessed a velopment. Today there is even more to be does not remain a label of quality anymore. always been more than an industrial fair by clear strategy and intelligent reckoning with demanded of the building exhibitions. They For a long time, foreign influences have showing programs of innovation, temporary respect to the chances of realization. Enthu- should be something like the “last rescue” for entered our every day life and the familiar laboratories. They have been able to work siasm and tactic refinement belong together. complex problems and tasks of development. can be found everywhere. And new deve- this way because they have been given the Because of the spatial and thematic expan- Building itself plays a more and more minor lopments spread worldwide and everywhere privilege of temporary preferable terms and sion of the building exhibitions and the in- role and the differentiation of exhibition and immediately via modern communication and political as well as administrative support set crease of partners it has become more and every day life vanishes. Consequently, the information technologies. up for exceptional circumstances. These ex- more difficult to balance enthusiasm and urge to launch events appears – risking out- ceptional circumstances were the necessary strategy. shining the actual innovation with respect to IBA becomes: A Global Laboratory? premise for the “freedom” to develop exemp- building culture. How will the “international” of the building lary solutions. IBA becomes: An Exclusion of Routine? exhibitions change? Do the international How do building exhibitions manage to create IBA becomes: New Complex Designing? building exhibitions have the competence to IBA becomes: A New Program of Innovations? defense mechanism against a structural How do building exhibitions withdraw from become effective world wide instruments of How will the model of success of internatio- mean, against the dominance of bureaucracy the increasing influence of a media and event the exchange on future solution strategies nal building exhibition will compete in times and superficial economic interest. How may economy without losing attraction? How do for the urgent problems of urban develop- of an increasing political as well as economic building exhibitions support the willingness we create complex tasks of development as ment and to become internationally renow- pressure to succeed, of a vanishing readiness to experiment? How do they succeed in secu- communicative processes with a culture of ned laboratories? to experiment and a rise of private influences ring enough space for creativity? participation and civil engagement which on urban development? may promise innovations? IBA is: The New IBA is: Building and Much More Each building exhibition wanted to create IBA is: Enthusiasm and Sophistication The first building exhibitions were defined IBA is: An International Discourse something new and found its own ways to do All building exhibitions wanted to overcome by holistic ideas of reform which were mostly All building exhibitions were internationally so. New problem solutions require a certain the traditional. The initiators‘ courage, risk realized within a short time. They were real orientated. Some of them included experts degree of surrender to the traditional. The appetite and enthusiasm were preconditions. building exhibitions. In the course of the from foreign countries, some discussed secret of innovative product development is

22 23 based on the willingness to think differently culture over the years. Sustainability of inno- danger actually lies in this vacancy of regula- globalized world. The “European City” be- and laterally, to explore and develop. At the vations – as paradox as it sounds- is one of tions, in the invitation to replace the demand longs to the cultural treasure of Europe. The same time the interest in the “treasure” of the main tasks which have to be confronted for innovation and quality by mere events. “European City” is expected to answer the building culture experience and in the know- with emphasis by future building exhibitions. central questions of the future. how-archive grows so that the buildings ex- IBA becomes: A Convention for Building hibitions do not have to be “reinvented”. IBA becomes: Innovation and Sustainability? Culture? IBA becomes: A European Network Do bright ideas manage to lead to efficient May we keep the demand of innovations and Do the international building exhibitions IBA becomes: A Continuing Process of and successful reproduction? Are metropoli- quality facing this inflation of innovations succeed in becoming a European format of Learning? ses and regions willing to take profit from the and quality informally and without any regu- building culture? Do they take the challenge How does an instrument which stands for experiences and knowledge of international lations in the future? Do we need a national to enthuse transnational and social networks the demand of presenting new ways and new building exhibitions? Does there exist a lear- or even international convention of building to enter a joint European process of planning solutions places itself in times of trends and ning process in the field of building culture exhibitions with respect to a certain culture and learning in the field of building culture? innovations? How does the new not only be- or do we have to gain experiences again and of proceeding, planning and building? come singular but appears continuously so again? that it initiates permanent impulses for every IBA is: A Chance for Europe day practice? IBA is: Quality Above All International building exhibitions have a Building exhibitions yet do not have any fixed special German format, developed and prac- IBA is: The Maturation of the New schedule and have been developed without ticed in Germany. In a transnational world, The polish of the once new can vanish in only any prefixed regulations – in contrast to the especially in a converging Europe there is no a short time. The convincing forces of the World Exhibitions or Cultural Capitals. Many place anymore for a purely national instru- innovational efforts of building exhibitions times they were the result of a more or less ment. Therefore, international building exhibi- authenticates if they are able to establish accidental constellation of specific problems, tions push for a comprehensive international themselves permanently or if they only re- the right time and people keen on experimen- exchange, for opportunities to experiment main a flash in the pan. The past has revealed ting. Nevertheless, all building exhibitions are within a European frame. Europe is conside- that many reforms and innovations deve- characterized by high quality standards. But red as the “new city on the hill”. The world loped in building exhibitions have become there is no guaranty. Building exhibitions are watches the new transnational governmental common property and knowledge of building not really protected of fraudulent use. The experiment and hopes for orientation in a

24 25 Imprint DWB Ausstellung “Die Wohnung” – Photo: Wolfgang Krolow, Source: Universität der Page 12–13 Weißenhofsiedlung, Stuttgart 1927 Künste Berlin: “Hardt-Waltherr Hämer. Behutsame :: Photo: Manfred Kraft, Source: Senatsverwaltung Publisher Weißenhofmuseum im Haus Le Corbusier Stadterneuerung”, Berlin 2007, p. 63 für Bau- und Wohnungswesen Berlin: “Idee, Prozeß, M:AI www.weissenhofmuseum.de :: IBA Emscher Park 1989–1999, Photo: Horst Lang Ergebnis. Die Reparatur und Rekonstruktion der Museum für Architektur und Ingenieurkunst NRW :: IBA Fürst-Pückler-Land 2000–2010, Photo: Michael Stadt”, Berlin 1984, p. 186 Leithestraße 33, D-45886 Gelsenkirchen Stalinallee 1952 www.kma-portal.de, www.irs-net.de Klug, Leihgeber: IBA Fürst-Pückler-Land GmbH :: Source: Senatsverwaltung für Bau- und Wohn- Fon +49(0)209-92578-0, Fax +49(0)209-31981-11 :: IBA Stadtumbau 2000–2010, Photo: Doreen ungswesen Berlin: “Internationale Bauausstellung www.mai.nrw.de Interbau 1957 www.diestadtvonmorgen.de, Ritzau, IBA Stadtumbau, IBA-Büro GbR Berlin 1987. Projektübersicht”, Berlin 1991, p. 25 www.buergerverein-hansaviertel-berlin.de :: IBA Hamburg 2006–2013, IBA Hamburg: :: Source: Deutsches Architekturmuseum, Frankfurt in Cooperation with IBA Hamburg Concept/design: bof architekten, Hamburg mit Brei- am Main www.iba-hamburg.de IBA Berlin 1987 – Altbau www.stern-berlin.com, mann & Bruun Landschaftsarchitekten, Hamburg, www.kreuzbergmuseum.de Visualisation: bof architekten Page 14–15 Layout :: Photo: Manfred Vollmer oktober Kommunikationsdesign GmbH, Bochum IBA Berlin 1987 – Neubau www.landesarchiv-berlin.de Page 06–07 :: Photo: Thomas Mayer, Leihgeber: Entwicklungs- www.oktober.de :: Source: Darmstadt 1901–1976, Ein Dokument deut- gesellschaft Zollverein mbH IBA Emscherpark www.iba.nrw.de scher Kunst (Ausstellung Darmstadt), Mathilden- :: Photo: Friedhelm Krische, on loan from: INNEN- Print höhe, Hessisches Landesmuseum, Kunsthalle, 22. HAFEN DUISBURG Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH Schröers-Druck GmbH, Essen IBA Fürst-Pückler-Land www.iba-see.de 10.1976 – 30.01.1977, Band 5, Darmstadt 1976, p. 62 :: Source: Darmstadt 1901–1976, Ein Dokument deut- Page 16–17 Research IBA Stadtumbau www.iba-stadtumbau.de scher Kunst (Ausstellung Darmstadt), Mathilden- :: Photo: Kliche RWTH Aachen, Lehrstuhl und Institut für höhe, Hessisches Landesmuseum, Kunsthalle, 22. :: Photo: Detlef Hecht Städtebau und Landesplanung IBA Hamburg www.iba-hamburg.de 10.1976 – 30.01.1977, Band 5, Darmstadt 1976, p. 40 :: Photo: Radke/LMBV Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Kunibert Wachten, Dr. Monika :: Source: Darmstadt 1901–1976, Ein Dokument deut- for all Photos p. 16-17 on loan from: Nadrowska, Dipl.-Ing. Anne Eaton, Dipl.-Ing. MAS LA Picture credits scher Kunst (Ausstellung Darmstadt), Mathilden- IBA Fürst-Pückler-Land ETHZ Thomas Knüvener, Dipl.-Ing. Jan Roters, cand. Page 03–05 höhe, Hessisches Landesmuseum, Kunsthalle, 22.10. arch. Saskia Rösler :: Künstlerkolonie Mathildenhöhe, Darmstadt 1901 1976 – 30.01.1977, Band 5, Darmstadt 1976, p. 109 Page 18–19 Source: Joseph Maria Olbrich. Architektur, Vollstän- :: all Photos p. 18-19: Doreen Ritzau, Leihgeber: FH Oldenburg, Institut für Städtebau und diger Nachdruck der drei Originalbände von 1901– Page 08–09 IBA Stadtumbau, IBA-Büro GbR Architektur 1914, mit Textbeiträgen von P. Haiko und B. Krimmel :: Source: Kirsch, K., Die Weißenhofsiedlung, Werk- Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Rudolf Scheuvens und einem Werkkatalog von R. Ulmer, Wasmuth bund-Ausstellung “Die Wohnung” – Stuttgart 1927, Page 20–21 Verlag Tübingen, 1988 Dt. Verl.-Anst., Stuttgart, 1987, p. 89 :: Concept/design: Han Slawik Architekten, TU Darmstadt, FB Architektur, FG Geschichte :: DWB Ausstellung “Die Wohnung” – Weißenhof- :: Source: Kirsch, K., Die Weißenhofsiedlung, Werk- Hannover, Visualisation: bloomimages und Theorie der Architektur siedlung, Stuttgart 1927, Le Corbusier, Einfamilien- bund-Ausstellung “Die Wohnung” – Stuttgart 1927, :: The exhibition “Zeichen von Respekt” was curated Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr. h.c. Werner Durth, Dipl.-Ing. Udo haus, Dachterrasse, Source: Boesiger, W., Stonorov, Deutscher Verl.-Anst., Stuttgart, 1987, p. 196 by Ute Vorkoeper und Andrea Knobloch. Photo: Gleim, Dr. phil. Paul Sigel, Dr. phil. Regina Stephan, O., Le Corbusier et Pierre Jeanneret. Oevre comp- :: Source: Joedicke, J., Plath C., Die Weißenhofsied- Akademie einer anderen Stadt Dr. des. Sandra Wagner-Conzelmann, Jürgen lète 1910–1929, Les Editions d‘Architecture Zurich, lung, Stuttgart, Krämer, Stuttgart, 1977, p. 72 :: Die Elbinsel ist die größte Flussinsel Europas. Hier Schreiter, Photograf Imprimerie Effingerhof SA, Brugg, 1965 leben rund 50.000 Menschen aus 40 Nationen. :: Stalinallee 1952 + Interbau 1957, Sessellift auf der Page 10–11 Source: Luftbild vom 1. September 2006, Freie und Contact Interbau; im Hintergrund Jaenecke/Samuelson :: Source: Deutsches Historisches Museum Hansestadt Hamburg, Landesbetrieb Geoinforma- Künstlerkolonie Mathildenhöhe, Darmstadt 1901 (Schweden), 10-geschossiges Wohnhochhaus, 1957 :: Source: Leibniz-Institut für Regionalentwicklung tion und Vermessung, Vervielfältigung mit Geneh- Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt, Source: Landesarchiv Berlin, Photo: H. Siegmann und Strukturplanung migung LGV41-56/2007 www.mathildenhoehe.info :: IBA Berlin 1980–1987, Block 104, Skalitzer-, :: Source: Landesarchiv Berlin Mariannen-, Oranienstraße nach der Erneuerung

26 27