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IBA Meets IBA IBA meets IBA An exhibition of the 100year-old history of International Building Exhibitions A cooperative project of IBA Hamburg and M:AI Museum of Architecture and the Art of Engineering NRW Preface What is an IBA? What may these programs achieve? What kind of tasks do the International Building Exhibitions face today? “IBA meets IBA” is a cooperative exhibition of the International Building Exhibition Hamburg – Ideas of the Future for the Metropolis and the M:AI Museum of Archi- tecture and the Art of Engineering of North Rhine-Westphalia. By focusing on the questions: What is an IBA? What may these programs achieve? What kind of tasks do the Inter- national Building Exhibitions face today?, this kind of exhibition is the starting point of an initiative that thematizes one of the outstan- ding national efforts within the field of buil- ding culture presenting it in different places with changing partners of cooperation. 03 1901 1927 1952/57 1987 1999 2010 2010 2013 Darmstadt Weißenhof Colony Stalin Avenue & IBA Berlin The Ruhr Area: IBA Fürst-Pückler- IBA Urban Redevelop- IBA Hamburg Mathildenhöhe Stuttgart Interbau IBA Emscher Park Region ment Saxony-Anhalt p. 06–07 p. 08–09 p. 10–11 p. 12–13 p. 14–15 p. 16–17 p. 18–19 p. 20–21 To work with this wealth of experience – Climate Change”. This is done on the grounds experience, valuations and advices. It is This exhibition wants to be a place to learn hosting building exhibitions for more than a of the Mathildenhöhe in Darmstadt, the very recognizable that this network will stay right on the spot, a place for dialogue with- hundred years by now- , to develop it contem- Weißenhof Colony in Stuttgart, the Interbau together and decided to continue giving out restraint, an invitation to take part in porarily and to present it to everybody who in Berlin, the Berlin exhibition “old” and orientation. planning, in thinking and in realizing. And this is seeking for a kind of orientation in their “new”, the IBA Emscher Park and the cur- I would like to thank those who are respon- exhibition wants to reassure. complex spatial structures remains the aim rent building exhibitions: IBA Lake in Lower sible for the research and concept of this of the whole project. Lausitz with its ambitious aim to transform exhibition: Werner Durth, Rudolf Scheuvens With help of the IBA Hamburg this project a landscape destroyed by brown coal mining and Kunibert Wachten with their competent of self assurance and renewed self creation into the largest European lake region, as well teams. Thank you, too, for the uncountable within in the field of building culture might as the IBA Urban Redevelopment in Saxony- ordinary little pains which are connected to Uli Hellweg improve its start: rediscovering the benefit of Anhalt with its highly interesting communal that work. Director IBA Hamburg GmbH its construction-site-like character in the era network structures. They are our partners as of globalization and world-wide competition well as the newly founded IBA Basel 2020 (“A The exhibition does not take place in a among metropolises. The IBA Hamburg it- Future à Trois”) – the first tri-national IBA. location where normally exhibitions are pre- self presents an event that transferred itself sented. It comes to the people whose future into the 21st century. It is a transforming and A network IBA has developed in this context, is the mere topic its work. Consciously the Peter Köddermann motivating exhibition for all future building a cooperation of many IBA-creators, as well IBA Hamburg and the M:AI decided to present Project Coordination M:AI NRW exhibitions by thematizing the urgent ques- as many scientific IBA-companions, - obser- it in an EDEKA supermarket right in the tions of the “International Urban Society”, vers and – critics. We do thank the ladies and center of Wilhelmsburg, in the center of the the “Inner Peripheries” and the “Cities under gentlemen of this circle for their exchange of planning area of the IBA Hamburg. 04 05 Haus Behrens (Behrens House), view 1901 Main entrance to exhibition in 1901 1901 exhibiton opening cerimony in front of the studio building (Ernst-Ludwig Haus) Darmstadt Mathildenhöhe A Document of German Art State of Change common but trendsetting including aspects cups and glasses developing a holistic design The growth of industry and transport at the of the future” (Joseph Maria Olbrich). Titled a “temple of work” the Ernst-Ludwig- of a new life style. beginning of the 19th century had the effect Mathildenhöhe gave innovative, construc- House was built as a collective studio for the of a yet unseen concentration of people, tional evidence of the then life reform move- artists. Above the entrance the motto says: Models of Holistic Life Concept production and capital winding up to an ment and received international appreciation. “His world the artist may show, which never The idea of holistic concepts now accompan- “explosion” of the cities. Accompanying the Not later than in May 1901after finishing was and never will be”. The building is the ied the building scene of the 20th century: rapid industrialization the social situation the colony the first IBA was opened titled climax of an ensemble that inserts itself in the mainstream opposing hippie movement changed: everyday products were now me- “A Document of German Art”. together with the artists‘ residences into of the late 60s and 70s as well as in the eco- rely produced by industrial mass production, the landscape. logical movement of the 80s and 90s. In the art vanished from everyday life. The specialty of the building exhibition: time of the globalisation of markets and of the compound and holistic design. Urban The only house not being designed by the internationalization of the urban society The First Building Exhibition Darmstadt – plan, studio and residential buildings, exhibi- Olbrich received high appreciation in the again the Mathildenhöhe inspires to reflect a Document of German Art tion buildings, interior design with products same way. Peter Behrens, invited to anew on the relation between “building”, In 1988 an artists‘ colony developed on of every day needs – everything was planned Darmstadt as painter and graphic artist, “architecture”, “living” and “society”. Mathildenhöhe by the initiative of Grand Duke together. here introduced himself as an architect for Ernst Ludwig. The master plan was given to the first time. He succeeded in designing an the young architect Joseph Maria Olbrich. In team work the architects, painters and entire project starting with the footprint The process involved many artists. The team sculptors gave new shape to their environ- and the general vision of the house up to looked for a new form as a “milestone on its ment – as an attempt to reconcile art and the details of the stucco work of the interior, way to the renewal of life”, “which is not every day life, city and nature. from the furniture down to the plates and 06 07 Mies van der Rohe, block of flats, 1927 Weißenhofsiedlung, aerial view, 1927 1927 Hans Scharoun, detached family house, 1927 Weißenhof Colony Stuttgart Testimony of New Building Situation Colony presented new forms of residing, similar architectural conceptions of the par- A Model with Impact In 1907 twelve artists and twelve industrial- which were required and supported by the ticipating architects and the set parameter The Weißenhof Colony – as well as other ists proclaimed the Deutscher Werkbund Deutscher Werkbund, to a national and inter- of only using the “revolutionary” flat roofs. Werkbund colonies – still dominates the buil- (German Working Coalition). By the coopera- national audience. Then the 17 participating Without any decoration or ornaments the ding exhibitions of the 20th century as an tion of art, industry and craft they planned architects like Le Corbusier, Gropius, cubic architecture of the Weißenhof Colony extraordinary milestone. Especially the to enhance the quality of German products Scharoun and others were only known in represented the architecture of modernism. Weißenhof colony is considered as a “built and their prestige in foreign countries. avant-garde circles of that time – today they manifest” of a modern and open-minded With a claim to universal validity “from the belong to the most important masters of The works of the 17 architects coming from concept of life. It also shows how deeply design of a cushion to urban planning” the modern architecture. Under the artistic five European countries in one colony inten- architecture, politics and society have always Deutsche Werkbund became a cultural autho- guidance of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe they ded to demonstrate that New Building neces- been interwoven. rity that pursued to support and influence the created an exemplary residing program for sarily was regarded as an “international development of taste in all spheres. Building the modern man in the big city. Twelve model architecture”. 50 thousand visitors came. exhibitions belonged to the operating range houses were developed. Their supporters celebrated the colony as of the Deutsche Werkbund. a vision of the future. Critics defamed the The Architecture of Modernism colony as “Arabian Village” (“Araberdorf”). Modernism as Program Like through a looking glass the Building The colony polarized: open-minded contra The Weißenhof Colony in Stuttgart ist one of Exhibition Weißenhof Colony presented the conservative, flat roof contra gable roof, the most important testimonies of this New then contemporary development in archi- modernism contra patriotism. Building. As a building exhibition titled “The tecture and housing. A minimum of formal Residence” (“Die Wohnung”) in 1927 the coherence was acquired by the basically 08 09 View on to Stalinallee 1952 1957 Aerial photograph Wilhelm Schubert, political poster, 1949 Hansaviertel Stalinallee (Stalin Avenue) & Interbau Contest of the systems Situation deconstruction and the redevelopment of because of its popular central residential area “Stalinallee” as the “first socialistic street” By 1948 the political division of Berlin was this heavily destroyed bourgeois quarter the with high living standards.
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