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Partidele Parlamentare Si Problema Comunismului Intern Si Extern În Adunarea Deputatilor
PARTIDELE PARLAMENTARE ŞI PROBLEMA COMUNISMULUI INTERN ŞI EXTERN ÎN ADUNAREA DEPUTAŢILOR (1919-1924) La sfârşitul Primului Război Mondial, România se învecina cu Rusia Sovietică, singura ţară comunistă din lume la acea vreme. Între cele două state exista o situaţie tensionată. Relaţiile diplomatice erau întrerupte din ianuarie 1918, iar apartenenţa Basarabiei la statul român era pusă în discuţie de către sovietici. Mai mult, existau temeri referitoare la o posibilă încercare de comunizare forţată a României, cu largul sprijin al Internaţionalei a III-a. „Rusia eternă” a fost percepută nu numai ca un stat ostil, ci şi ca o sursă ideologică pentru socialiştii români 1. În aceste condiţii, comunismul a constituit subiectul multor analize, mai mult sau mai puţin furtunoase, în cadrul opiniei publice româneşti, inclusiv în Parlamentul de la Bucureşti. Apariţia statului bolşevic şi evoluţiile acestuia au fost privite cu interes. Exceptând zvonurile şi speculaţiile, realităţile sovietice au fost cunoscute în România interbelică. Opere ale liderilor bolşevici 2, discursuri ale acestora 3, mărturii ale unor foşti prizonieri întorşi din Rusia Sovietică 4, articole din ziare româneşti şi străine, au constituit suportul multor dezbateri din Adunarea Deputaţilor. Instaurarea regimului bolşevic a stârnit numeroase discuţii în societatea românească, aflată, de asemenea, într-un proces de transformări sociale şi politice. Diferitele cuvântări şi polemici din Cameră reflectă temerile, speranţele opiniei publice româneşti faţă de viitorul său, privit şi prin prisma prefacerilor politice şi sociale din statul vecin de la răsărit. Singurii deputaţi care şi-au exprimat fără echivoc simpatia faţă de Rusia Sovietică au făcut parte din grupul parlamentar socialist. Această grupare politică minusculă, dar foarte activă, încerca să se impună pe scena politică românească, deşi 1 Deputatul Partidului Poporului, D.R. -
August 21, 1968 Protocol No. 5 of the Meeting of the Executive Committee of the CC of the RCP on the Situation in Czechoslovakia
Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified August 21, 1968 Protocol No. 5 of the Meeting of the Executive Committee of the CC of the RCP on the situation in Czechoslovakia Citation: “Protocol No. 5 of the Meeting of the Executive Committee of the CC of the RCP on the situation in Czechoslovakia,” August 21, 1968, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, ANIC, CC RCP, Chancellery, File No. 133/1968, ff. 2-4. Translated by Delia Razdolescu http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/110454 Summary: Summary of the meeting of the Executive Committee of the CC RCP, on the situation in Czechoslovakia. The Romanian leadership decides to publically express its astonishment at the actions of the five Warsaw Pact member states participating in the invasion of Czechoslovakia. Original Language: Romanian Contents: English Translation Protocol No. 5 of the Meeting of the Executive Committee of the CC of the RCP, on the situation in Czechoslovakia Participants in the meeting, comrades: Nicolae Ceasescu, Ion Gheorghe Maurer, Gheorghe Apostol, Alexandru Bârladeanu, Emil Bodnaras, Chivu Stoica, Paul Niculescu-Mizil, Virgil Trofin, Ilie Verdet, Maxim Berghianu, Florian Danalache, Constantin Dragan, Ianos Fazekas, Leonte Rautu, Vasile Vâlcu, Stefan Voitec, Iosif Banc, Petre Blajovici, Dumitru Coliu, Mihai Gere, Petre Lupu, Manea Manescu, Dumitru Popa, Dumitru Popescu, Gheorghe Stoica. Invited to participate in the meeting, comrades: Mihai Dalea, Vasile Patilinet. The meeting opens at 6:30 a.m. AGENDA: -
June 12, 1967 Protocol No. 22 of the Meeting of the Permanent Presidium of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party, June 12 1967
Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified June 12, 1967 Protocol No. 22 of the Meeting of the Permanent Presidium of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party, June 12 1967 Citation: “Protocol No. 22 of the Meeting of the Permanent Presidium of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party, June 12 1967,” June 12, 1967, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, ANIC, CC al PCR, Secţia Cancelarie, dosar nr. 90/1967. Contributed and translated by Eliza Gheorghe. https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/219910 Summary: Meeting of the Permanent Presidium of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party discussing the end of the Six Day War. The Romanian Party shows support for the June 10, 1967 Declaration, an end to the armed conflict, and support for the United Arab Republic (Egypt) and other Arab countries. Credits: This document was made possible with support from Bilkent University. Original Language: Romanian Contents: English Translation Scan of Original Document [...] Protocol no. 22 of the Meeting of the Permanent Presidium of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party, June 12 1967 The following comrades took part in the meeting: Nicolae Ceaușescu, Chivu Stoica, Gheorghe Apostol, Alexandru Bîrlădeanu, Emil Bodnăraș, Alexandru Drăghici, Paul Niculescu- Mizil, Ilie Verdeţ, Maxim Berghianu, Petre Borilă, Constantin Drăgan, Leonte Răutu, Gheorghe Rădulescu, Ștefan Voitec, Vasile Vîlcu, Iosif Banc, Petre Blajovici, Dumitru Coliu, Florian Dănălache, Janoș Fazekaș, Mihai Gere, Manea Mănescu, and Dumitru Popa. Comrades Mihai Dalea, Vasile Patilineţ, and Virgil Trofin were [also] invited to attend. The meeting started at 9:30. Nicolae Ceaușescu presided the meeting. -
Roemenië Vaart Eigen Koers
Roemenië vaart eigen koers Het pragmatische buitenlands beleid van Roemenië en de bilaterale relatie met Nederland (1953-1974) Auteur: T.A.A. van Dijk Master: Geschiedenis Programma: Geschiedenis van de Internationale Betrekkingen Scriptiebegeleider: dhr. dr. D. Perie Datum: 24-12-2014 1 Inhoudsopgave Methode ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Roemenië vaart eigen koers ........................................................................................................ 4 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 Autonomie en onafhankelijkheid als concepten .......................................................................................... 7 De vroege dagen van het socialisme in Roemenië ....................................................................... 11 Socialistische beweging in het interbellum ................................................................................................ 15 De RCP kom aan de macht ................................................................................................................... 20 Van trouwe Bondgenoot naar een “eigen weg” ............................................................................. 24 Het Buitenlands beleid van Roemenië ............................................................................................ -
Protocol No. 5 of the Meeting of the Executive Committee of the CC of the RCP, on the Situation in Czechoslovakia
Parallel History Project on NATO and the Warsaw Pact (PHP) April 2004 Romania and the Warsaw Pact, 1955–1989 www.isn.ethz.ch/php Edited by Dennis Deletant, Mihail E. Ionescu and Anna Locher ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Protocol No. 5 of the Meeting of the Executive Committee of the CC of the RCP, on the Situation in Czechoslovakia Bucharest, 21 August 1968 Participants in the meeting, comrades: Nicolae Ceasescu, Ion Gheorghe Maurer, Gheorghe Apostol, Alexandru Bârladeanu, Emil Bodnaras, Chivu Stoica, Paul Niculescu-Mizil, Virgil Trofin, Ilie Verdet, Maxim Berghianu, Florian Danalache, Constantin Dragan, Ianos Fazekas, Leonte Rautu, Vasile Vâlcu, Stefan Voitec, Iosif Banc, Petre Blajovici, Dumitru Coliu, Mihai Gere, Petre Lupu, Manea Manescu, Dumitru Popa, Dumitru Popescu, Gheorghe Stoica. Invited to participate in the meeting, comrades: Mihai Dalea, Vasile Patilinet. The meeting opens at 6:30 a.m. AGENDA: The situation created after the penetration of the armed forces of certain socialist countries into the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. Upon listening to Comrade Nicolae Ceausescu's briefing on the very serious situation created after the penetration in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic - without the knowledge and approval of that country's Party and State bodies, of the armed forces of the URSS, the Polish People's Republic, the Hungarian People's Republic, the People's Republic of Bulgaria and the German Democratic Republic - the Executive Committee of the CC of the RCP, decides as follows: • The Government of the Socialist Republic of Romania shall address a note to the five socialist countries whose troops occupied Czechoslovakia and express its concern about and disapproval of this act, the fact that it does not share at all the views stated in the TASS Communiqué, alleging that a counter-revolutionary situation was obtaining in Czechoslovakia which might have justified a military intervention. -
The Documents of the Securitate (The Romanian Communist Secret Service) and the Historial Research
HISTOIRE RÉCENTE DE ROUMANIE THE DOCUMENTS OF THE SECURITATE (THE ROMANIAN COMMUNIST SECRET SERVICE) AND THE HISTORIAL RESEARCH SORIN D. IVĂNESCU The communist regime meant, beyond the class struggle, the control over all the activities, the creation of mechanisms meant to generate submissive attitudes and to guarantee that the discontent of the citizens could by no means change into organized opposition. On August 30, 1948 the text of the Decree No. 221 was published in “The Official Monitor” about the establishment and organization, within the framework of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, of the General Direction of the People’s Security (DGPS). At first, it started with the personnel and the structure of the Genera l Direction of the State Security, but, shortly after, the leadership imposed by the NKDV (Alexandru Nikolski, Gheorghe Pintilie and Vladimir Mazuru) proceeded to reorganizing and enlarging the new department. Half a year later, based on the Decree No. 25, on January 23, 1949, the General Direction of Militia was founded, and on February 7, 1949, the Gendarmerie was dissolved, being replaced by the troops of the Securitate. Even though the Securitate suffered lots of changes in its structure since 1948 till 1989 (in 1951, 1952, 1953, 1956, 1963, 1967, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1978), all those reorganizations had in common the following functional model (Chart I). Central units (Direction) Regional units Chart 1 - The functional model. Rev. Roum. d’Hist., XLIII, 1-4, p. 303-313, Bucarest, 2004 304 Sorin D. Ivănescu 2 The Directions (as a part of the central institution) were the lines of the Securitate work, each of them having a unique structure at the national level (e.g., Direction I - internal information, Direction III - counter-information). -
The Tragicomedy of Romanian Communism
RESEARCH REPORT T O NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARC H TITLE : THE TRAGICOMEDY OF ROMANIAN COMMUNIS M AUTHOR : Vladimir Tismanean u CONTRACTOR : Foreign Policy Researc h Institute PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR : Vladimir Tismanean u COUNCIL CONTRACT NUMBER : 903-0 4 DATE : September, 198 9 The work leading to this report was supported by funds provided b y the National Council for Soviet and East European Research . Th e analysis and interpretations contained in the report are those o f the author . a NOTE This report, based on an article to be published i n Eastern EuropeanPolitics andSocieties, is an inciden- tal product of the Council Contract identified on the title page . It is not the Final Report, which wa s distributed in August, 1989 . TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Stalin's Romanian Disciples 1 1 The Comintern and the RCP 1 6 Stalinism for All Seasons 3 4 The Anti-De-Stalinization Platform 3 9 The Road to Absolute Power 43 The Manipulated Manipulator 47 Assault on the Party Apparatus 5 2 Notes 57 The Tragicomedy of Romanian Communis m Vladimir Tismanean u Un monde sans tyrans serait aussi ennuyeux qu'un jardi n zoologique sans hyenes . E . M . Cioran, Histoire et utopi e Now, despite eternal cabals in the inner clique and unendin g shifts of personnel, with their tremendous accumulation o f hatred, bitterness, and personal resentment, the Leader' s position can remain secure against chaotic palace revolution s not because of his superior gifts, about which the men in hi s intimate surroundings frequently have no great illusions, bu t because of these men's sincere and sensible conviction tha t without him everything would be immediately lost . -
A Comparative Insight Into Nicolae
A comparative insight into Nicolae Ceauescu’s strategies of power consolidation Autor(es): Stanciu, Cezar Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/35427 DOI: DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0870-4147_45_18 Accessed : 1-Oct-2021 05:01:56 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. impactum.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt A Comparative Insight into Nicolae Ceauşescu’s Strategies of Power Consolidation CEZAR STANCIU Assistant Professor at Valahia University of Târgovişte Department -
STENOGRAPHIC TRANSCRIPT of the Meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Romanian Workers’ Party
Parallel History Project on NATO and the Warsaw Pact (PHP) April 2004 Romania and the Warsaw Pact, 1955–1989 www.isn.ethz.ch/php Edited by Dennis Deletant, Mihail E. Ionescu and Anna Locher ________________________________________________________________________________________________ STENOGRAPHIC TRANSCRIPT of the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Romanian Workers’ Party 4 July 1963 Participants: comrades Emil Bodnaras, Petre Borila, Chivu Stoica, Alexandru Draghici, Ion Gheorghe Maurer, Alexandru Moghioros, Dumitru Coliu, Leonte Rautu, and Stefan Voitec. Comrade Leonte Rautu: Comrades, in a nutshell, the problem in question is the following: as you know, on 1 July a declaration of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was issued in connection with the negotiations that are to take place, in which the composition of the PCC delegation, and the stand they had taken were announced. We have published the composition of the delegation, and a sentence in which the position of the Chinese was presented. Today the ”Pravda” newspaper published a declaration of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union; I propose to have it read now (the declaration is being read). Cde. Emil Bodnaras: What about the Chinese declaration of 1 July, to which this [Soviet] declaration refers? Cde. Leonte Rautu: We can read that declaration, too, to refresh the memory of it (the declaration of 1 July is being read). These are the two materials. In connection with this declaration we have published the fact that the “New China” News Agency transmitted a declaration of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party announcing the composition of the PCC delegation, as well as a sentence showing that the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party nurtures the hope that the talks will be held with a unanimity of views. -
The Hungarian Soviet Republic of 1919 and the Romanian Intervention
Revista de Științe Politice. Revue des Sciences Politiques • No. 66 • 2020: 29 - 39 ORIGINAL PAPER The Hungarian Soviet Republic of 1919 and the Romanian Intervention. A Historiographical Analysis 1) Florin Nacu Abstract The article reveals the moment and the implications of the Romanian intervention in Hungary, in 1919, after the proclamation of the Soviet Hungarian Republic, under the leadership of Bela Kun, an advocate and journalist with Jewish-Hungarian origin, born in 1886, at Cehu Silvaniei, then in Austria-Hungary, today in Romania. The issue was presented in the historiography with multiple senses. Romanian intervention was seen by the contemporaries as a defensive action of Romania to impose the decisions of December 1-st 1918 of Alba Iulia. Hungarian republican troops refused to retreat according to the international agreements on the Franchet D(Esperey Line. After Bela Kun seized power as a Bolshevik internationalist leader, on March, 21 1919, the great powers had seen an immediate danger for extending the Communism from Soviet Russia which was in the Civil War. For Romania, the attitude of Bela Kun was seen as a threat regarding Transylvania, because Bela Kun refused to admit the historical rights of Romania and declared war on Romania, on April 16, 1919. Romania succeeded to have Banat under complete Romanian administration on August 3, 1919, when Romanian troops entered in Timisoara. Romanian campaign in Hungary, started on passing Tisa on July 24 1919, had a double asset, as the researchers considered: on the main side, a communist government in Central Europe could be dismissed, on the other side; Romania could have more rights when the Treaty with Hungary will be signed. -
„Aurelian Sacerdoţeanu” Vâlcea Buridava Xi
MUZEUL JUDEŢEAN „AURELIAN SACERDOŢEANU” VÂLCEA BURIDAVA XI MUZEUL JUDEŢEAN „AURELIAN SACERDOŢEANU” VÂLCEA BURIDAVA studii şi materiale XI Râmnicu Vâlcea 2013-2014 Colegiul ştiinţific: Prof. univ.dr. Ioan Godea Prof.univ.dr. Sabin Adrian Luca Prof. univ.dr. Cristian Schuster Lect. univ.dr. Silviu Purece Colegiul de redacţie: Claudiu Tulugea Aurel – redactor şef Ion Tuţulescu Ionuţ Dumitrescu Elena Mitrana Carol Terteci – secretar de redacţie Tehnoredactare: Carol Terteci Corectură şi traduceri rezumate: Ana-Maria Tulugea, Andreea Beca Coperta şi machetare: Marius-Cristian Drăghicean Editura OFFSETCOLOR ISSN 0258-140X Revistă acreditată CNCS la categoria C (2012), cod PN-II-ACRED-AR-2012-0172 Întreaga responsabilitate juridică pentru conţinutul articolelor le revine autorilor. MUZEUL JUDEŢEAN “AURELIAN SACERDOŢEANU” VÂLCEA Adresa: Calea lui Traian, nr.143, Râmnicu Vâlcea, ROMÂNIA Tel/fax: 0250/738121 E-mail: [email protected] Tipar executat de Tipografia OFFSETCOLOR Râmnicu Vâlcea Strada Calea lui Traian, nr. 47, Tel/fax: 0250/732522 E-mail: [email protected] CUPRINS ARHEOLOGIE Marin Cârciumaru – L’integration des cultures materielles paleolithique dans le schema chronoclimatique du Pleistocene Superieur en Roumanie ……........... 7 Tuţulescu Ion, Părăuşanu Ovidiu – Câteva contribuţii la topoarele de tip Jászladány din depozitele Muzeului Judeţean „Aurelian Sacerdoţeanu” Vâlcea 17 Laurenţiu Mecu – Consideraţii privind structurile de locuire şi anexele lor în culturile Glina şi Tei ............................................................................................ -
The Rise and Fall of a Jewish Communist
00-C1478-FM 11/22/00 12:42 PM Page i Ana Pauker 00-C1478-FM 11/22/00 12:42 PM Page ii 00-C1478-FM 11/22/00 12:42 PM Page iii Ana Pauker The Rise and Fall of a Jewish Communist Robert Levy UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley . Los Angeles . London 00-C1478-FM 11/22/00 12:42 PM Page iv Frontispiece: Ana Pauker, 1926. Courtesy of Tatiana Bra˘tescu and Gheorghe Bra˘tescu. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2001 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Levy, Robert, 1957–. Ana Pauker: the rise and fall of a Jewish Communist / Robert Levy. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 0-520-22395-0 (cloth: alk. paper). 1. Pauker, Ana, 1893–1960. 2. Romania— Politics and government—1944–1989. 3. Cabinet officers—Romania—Biography. 4. Communists—Romania—Biography. 5. Jews—Romania—Biography. I. Title. dr267.5.p38 l48 2001 949.803Ј1Ј092—dc21 [b] 99-087890 cip Manufactured in the United States of America 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 10987654321 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ansi/niso z39.48-1992 (r 1997) (Permanence of Paper). ᭺ϱ 00-C1478-FM 11/22/00 12:42 PM Page v To Mary and Isaac Rosenberg 00-C1478-FM 11/22/00 12:42 PM Page vi Last, but most certainly not least, there was Ana Pauker.... I have always felt when I was with her that she was like a boa constrictor which has just been fed, and therefore is not going to eat you—at the moment! Heavy and sluggish as she seemed, she had all that is repellent and yet horribly fascinating in a snake.