Max-Planck-Institut für demografi sche Forschung Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research Konrad-Zuse-Strasse 1 · D-18057 Rostock · GERMANY Tel +49 (0) 3 81 20 81 - 0; Fax +49 (0) 3 81 20 81 - 202; http://www.demogr.mpg.de MPIDR WORKING PAPER WP 2012-007 FEBRUARY 2012 (REVISED DECEMBER 2012) The Long-Standing Demographic East-West-Divide in Germany Sebastian Klüsener (
[email protected]) Joshua R. Goldstein (
[email protected]) © Copyright is held by the authors. Working papers of the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research receive only limited review. Views or opinions expressed in working papers are attributable to the authors and do not necessarily refl ect those of the Institute. The Long-Standing Demographic East-West-Divide in Germany Sebastian Klüsener and Joshua R. Goldstein Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research 1 Abstract Over the last 20 years, a large number of studies have looked at the demographic differences between the previously divided eastern and western parts of Germany. The two regions have converged with respect to mortality and overall fertility levels. But in family formation behaviour differences remain. Non-marital births are the norm in eastern Germany, while they are still the exception in western Germany. Various explanations for these differences have been offered, with the most persuasive linking policy and socio-economic conditions in eastern and western Germany after 1945 with the persistence of local patterns. Here we show that the non-marital fertility divide pre- dates the 1945-division of Germany. Indeed, already in the late 19th century, the areas of eastern Germany that made up the German Democratic Republic had, on average, roughly twice the non-marital fertility level of western Germany.