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Academia Romana Din Domnia Liii Ioan Caragea

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Academia Romana Din Domnia Liii Ioan Caragea ACADEMIA ROMANA DIN DOMNIA LIII IOAN CARAGEA AVENIRE LA TRON.-MINARI CONTRA GRECILOR.-FINANTE. 1812-1818. DE V. A. URECHIA MEMBRII AL ACADEMIEf ROMANC ANALELE ACADEM/EfESTRAS DIN ROMANE Seria II. Tom. XXII. MEMORIILE SEOTIUNII ISTORICE. BUCURESCI INSTITUTUL DE ARTE GRAFICE CAROL 0613L Fern'tor al C urtli Regale 16 STR ADA DOMNEI, 16 1900. J.POPESCU BAJENARIT AUTO V 0 L%-hixefniffif' ML let.'5.JMUL DIN DOMNIA LUI IOAN CARAGEA AVENIRE LA. TRON.MI*CKRI CONTRA GRECILOR.FINANTE. 181.2 1818. DE T. A. URECHIA Membra al Academia Romane. ?edinfa dela 10 Martie 1900. Domnilor Colegï, Am avut onórea sa via aduc numer6se documente inedite asupra istorieI bisericel, administratiunfl §i a justitieI sub I. Caragea (18;12- 1818). Vin astadl a ve presenta un noil memoria relativ la acéste domnie, Insotit §i acesta de sute de documente necunoscutei call o pun sub o cu totulalta lumina decal o cunescern dupe' istoricil anteriorI. Cap. I. Numirea noilor Domni. Cronologie. Mare emotiune in Principate. Partidele poli- tice in ele. Curentul francofil in crescere. Caragea este el candidat al Franciel ? Sciri false in Bucuresciiérit Consulii streini. De Gentz. Am arAtat care este exacta data, la care incepe domnia formala §i cea de fapt a luI loan G. Caragea. (1) Completam informatiunile relative, deja aduse In studiul nostru despre bisericei justitie,1 ca alte notite. La 19 Septembre (deci la (1) Pag. 5 din memoriul anterior 9i seq. Analele A. R.Tom. XXII.Memoriile Seel. letorice. 2 V. A. IIRECHIÀ 142 7 Septembre stilul nostru) se serie din Bucuresd catreGazeta de Erancfort»: eUn teitar sosit aid ieri (18 Septenzbre) a adus scirea at& de importana pentru Ørile néstre, a numirii Domnilor destinati a le guverna. Principele Calinzach a fost numit Domn al Moldova qi Principele I. Caragea (Karodschia!) Donzn al Valachiel Aceste numiri aù produs o mare sensati une printre locuitoril din Principatele n6stre, cari sunt (attachés) de MuscalL» (1) Representantul Prusid. von Werther scrihiel catra Regele din Bucurescl, In 5 Septembre 1812. «Domnul de la Tour-Maubourg a§tépta la BucurescIde unde era gata sa plece,pe Caragea, qui a passé le Danube el qui arrivera demain dans les environs de Bucarest, où il fera une quarantaine de quelques fours.» Va O. died la finele lul Novembre 1812 (stilul nostru) este data sosiriI la Vacaresd a 1111 Caragea. Decl toeing. la 24 Novembrel Patru dile apoI Caragea dà pitacul catre spatar, ce am adus mai sus. (2) Nu mal staruesc asupra cestiunil datel inceperil DomnieI, deja elu- cidata. M6' intreb numal.: ce voesce s'a Inteléga jurnalul german prin vor- bole taceste numirï (ale noilor Domnï) aú produs o mare sensatiune printre locuitorii din Principate... carï sunt alipifi de Museati?» Care a fost caracterul acesteI marï sensatiunï ? De ce numal locuitoril alipitI de Ru0 aptimit acea sensAiune? Cu flume' noué dile inainte de a publica scirea de maI sus, acela§T jurnal german publica o altd corespondenta (de la BucurescI, 10 Sep- tembre), prin care se spunea lumiI culte europene, ca «cea maï mare tristete domnesee In térile nóstre. E adeverat ccea maï mare parte din trupele rusescï le-a abandonat ; dar Divanul 22U este maï puf in inscireinat de a greibi, plata contributiunilor arierate 'Ana' la finele acestei luni, ceea-ce este afacere f6rte anevoiósei in o térei Wirt:lead prin o ocupatiune de 5 ani, nu maï scim noi pcupaliune de amid orï de inimicï? Mai multi din boerii cci maï bogari aban- dond térile nóstre ca sei se duco1 sd se apeze In statele Austriace. Vaul eel maï des ne ascunde *Meet' forma viitóre a guvernului nostru. Se pretinde ca Sultanul a oprit, eu cea maï mare severitate, orï-ce Veçll Moniteur Universel. No. 288, Mercredi, 14 Octobre 1812. Ve4I la pag. 6 din studiul met' despre eBiserica romana». Yell tom. X din cis- toria Romanilor» de V. A. Urechia, pag. 6. 143 DIN DOMNIA Ltd CARAGEA 3 eandidare la loeul de Hospodar, de óre-ce AL B. trebue si fi feleut deja insus'i in secret alegerea acestora», (1) Va sa clic/ scirea numirlI luI Caragea produce sensatiunea Peamur% pentru ca faca sa inceteze incertitudinea despre viit6rea sórtea t6r rilor romano, despre forma viitoruluI lor guvern. Ac6sta numira da DomnI, dupd ce atata timp Muscalil asigurasera pe partisana' lor Principate, eti incorporarea lor la Rusia este lucru hotarit In mintea si In sfatul ImpbratuluI Alexandru I, de sigurà a produs o Mi* sali.une mare, mal ales In mintea acelora, carI erail partisanI aT Rusief. Be pat acestia puteati explica nereusirea politiceI rusesdi, lucru de Pare se intristati, pe atata tusa se bucuratii praili0'1' cuprinli de sensatiune mare, aceI Romanl, parI ori cat de redus num6ru1 lor nu iubiail pe muscall. Cum-ca erail de acestI RomanI iiiOdie nóstre, nu incape indoiala. Latour-Maubourg, trecAnd, in Novembre 1812, prin Bucuresd, în In- tórcerea sa de la Constantinopole spre Francia, a gasa destuI boeri In Bucuresci pu antipatie pentru Rusli cu simpatie pentru Francia Evident cá intre cel din urma se aflail mal' ales boeril, carl fusesera. persecutatT de regimul muscalesc. (2) *I pe lana boerif prigonitY de Muscall, carsl acurn se bucurail de noua stare de lucrurl, mai erail si de acel cari intelesesera, la BucurescI si la IasT,ca. desertarea Principatelor de ostirl rusescIi mal' ales numirea de Domn1 nol, nu putea insemna tocmai o isbanda a politiceI rusescI, ci mal mult era un esec al el. Taca de ce si marea sensaliune Intre boeril compromisI prea mult In legaturile lor cu Muscali1. Unil din acestia se si ridica din Ora cu tóte ale lori trec in Rusia, impreuna cu ostirile muscalescI. $i laca de ce, din contra, boeril caciutI in disgratia Muscalilor se Intorc din exilurile lor, pe data ce sosesce in BucurescI noul Domnitor. De sigur ca, In asemenea conditiunl, curentul galal orIanti-rusesc este in crescere, dupa ce Napoleon da, la 14 Septembre, bataia de la Smolensk, §i ales dupa ce la 20 Novembre arde Moscova si bate la 29 Novembre pe Cutuzof la Crasnoi. Este locul sa ne intrebam daca. Caragea era ales de P6rta Otomana pa un candidat agradat de Francia? Reprodusti In ,Moniteur Universel. No. 283, Vendredi, 9 Octobre 1812. Latour-Maubourg urmärìà la BucurescI, n Novembre 1812, scopul de ménag er des relations à sa Cour avec les Grecs de C-nople qui se trouvent ici (Bucarest) et avec oeux des boyara valaques qui ont été persécutés par les Russes. (Torga, Acte Fragm., pag. 491), 4 V. A. IIRECHIX 194 Faptuirile anterióre ale lui Caragea nu eraü tocmaI de natura a-1 re- comanda simpatiel: Franciei. Daca Andr6ossy din Constantinopole nu avusese ocasiunea a se lauda cu purtarea 1111 Ioan Caragea, nu mat' putin de isbutea sa lea tronul vre-un Moruzi, se dedea prin acésta o lovitura neindoiósa politiceI francese §i era un testimoniti §i maI nein- doios al triumfului celel ruses& Cunoscutul consul engles din Bucu- resd explica alegerea luI Caragea §i a WI Calimach prin cumpararea tronulul pe bant (4.000.000 lei!). Europa era proa atentä la cele ce aveail s'a se petr6ca in nordul sail, la ciocnirile gróznice dintre armatele franco-rusescI, pentru ca sa se fi interesat mult de evenimentele de la Dunare. Totu§1 6menil de stat austriacl §i mal ales francesI twee" ochiI atintiti Inteacóce. Ac6sta ne explica satisfactiunea ea care, de§1 Caragea nu era pronuntat amic niel al AustrieT, niel al FrancieT, se priml, la Viena ca §i la Paris, scirea ca P6rta l-a numit pe el §i pe Calimach DomniI Principatelor. Guyer- nul frances se grabl sa scrie lui Ledoulx, fostul consul al -sail la Bu- curescI, reia postul. Ministrul Maret scrie lui Ledoulx, In 18 Oc. tobre 1812: doresc sa te dud pe cat mal grabnic posibil (la BucurescI). Este important de a se observa primele demersurI ale nouel administratiunl (a lui Caragea) §i de a se scl exact tot ce se va face relativ la demarcatiunea nouelor hotare. Convine asemenea a se cu- n6sce mifideele de influenld ce Rusia va fi cautat negre§it sa-1 me- nageze asupra locuitorilor tarilor acestora, cum §idispositiunile acestora cu privire la ac6sta putero» Ledoulx pléca imediat la postul sëüi in 29 Ianuarie 1813 p6te deja trhnite lui Maret o prima nota. La Paris nu era cum se vede proa mare domirire asupra simti- mintelor lui Caragea. De aceea Ledoulx este trimis grabnic la postul sail din BucureseT, sa studieze mal de aprópe pro noul Domnitor. Le- doulx abia sosit, In Ianuarie 1813, la BucurescI, cant& salt dea séma despre cugetele lu'lCaragea, dupa insarcinarea primita de la mi- nistrul sati Maret. In nota sa de la 29 Ianuarie declara, cd Inca nu p6te sa-§1 formuleze opiniune proa exacta despre Caragea, dar ca, din eke afla, e dator sd créda, ca Domnitorul Muntean este impartial, ed nu s'a dat cu niel o partida, cA menag6zà pro totI, ca se silesce nu se strica cu Ru§il §i a nu indispune in contra sa pre Francest Ade- varatele intentiunl ale luI Caragea vor fi cunoscute nume dupd des- chiderea campaniel proxime. Ledoulx judeca. definitiv pro Caragea, cand dice, ca despre orI-ce fanariot, ca :cdinsul va fi ori"-ce ii vor eere imprejurcirile sd fie.» 0 luna niai tarcjit, Ledoulx starue pe tanga 145 DYÑ1)0MNIA LUI cAnAdtA 5 Maret sd-1" trimitd o scris6re pentra Caragea, recomandandu4 cAlduros pre boerul Filip Linche, om care nutrescesimtiminte francese §i care, de 1-ar lua Caragea in vre-o slujbd, o sti servéscd minunat politica francesd, tin8nd pe Ledoulx in curent de OW fdptuirile lui Caragea. Vodd nu-1 numesce, cd se terne sd nu supere pre Muscall, pre consulul rusesc (care este de o insolentd teird exemplu.
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