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CZU: 379.8 DOI: 10.36120/2587-3636.V19i1.141-149 REPERE ISTORICE ALE TEATRULUI ȘCOLAR ÎN ROMÂNIA Ion ALEXANDRESCU, Drd
Acta et Commentationes, Sciences of Education, nr. 1(19), 2020 ISSN 1857-0623 p. 141-149 E-ISSN 2587-3636 CZU: 379.8 DOI: 10.36120/2587-3636.v19i1.141-149 REPERE ISTORICE ALE TEATRULUI ȘCOLAR ÎN ROMÂNIA Ion ALEXANDRESCU, drd. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5176-0251 Universitatea Pedagogică de Stat „Ion Creangă” din Chișinău Rezumat. În articol sunt tratate identificarea și evoluția Teatrului școlar (TȘ) național prin descrierea și analiza comparativă a cercetărilor istoriografice relevante, dedicate istoriei teatrului profesionist în arealul românesc. Fundamentarea cercetării se raportează la lucrări reprezentative în mai multe volume, care oferă numeroase informații interpretabile și valorificabile în mod direct și indirect din perspectiva temei avansate. Tot în această perspectivă, ne propunem să cercetăm și să urmărim pașii lui Mihai Eminescu în peregrinările sale alături de marile trupe teatrale ale vremii și rolul său în TȘ. Îl descoperim pe cel ce avea să devină cel mai de seamă poet al românilor, în „vâltoarea marilor transformări ale secolului XIX” (Massoff Ioan, op. cit). El luptă pentru un teatru educativ și moralizator. A susținut cu pasiune tradiția TȘ ca pedagog și a promovat valoarea formativă și impactul asupra dezvoltării personalității copilului. Cuvinte-cheie: Thalia, arta teatrală, teatrul școlar, elevi-diletanți, teatru-școală, piesă teatrală, tradiție. THE HISTORICAL LANDMARKS OF THE SCHOOL THEATER IN ROMANIA Summary. In this article we consider the identification and evolution of the National School Theater (TȘ) through the description and comparative analysis of the relevant historiographic research, dedicated to the history of professional theater in the Romanian area. The foundation of the research is related to representative works in several, which offers a lot of information that can be interpreted and used directly and indirectly from the perspective of the advanced theme. -
Revista Istorică
REVISTA ISTORICĂ SERIE NOUĂ TOMUL XIX, NR. 1–2 ianuarie–aprilie 2008 S U M A R IN HONOREM ŞERBAN PAPACOSTEA STATALITATE ŞI INSTITUŢII – ÎNTEMEIEREA ŢĂRILOR ROMÂNE ANDREI PIPPIDI, La originile Ţării Româneşti ...................................................................... 5 ŞTEFAN ANDREESCU, Exarhatul. Geneza instituţiei în Ţara Românească şi Moldova ........ 21 LIVIU PILAT, Sfântul Scaun şi întemeierea Moldovei ............................................................. 29 MATEI CAZACU, O controversă: Thocomerius – Negru Vodă ............................................... 49 SERGIU IOSIPESCU, Bătălia de la Posada (9–12 noiembrie 1330). O contribuţie la critica izvoarelor istoriei de început a principatului Ţării Româneşti ........................................ 59 CULT ŞI ETNIE NAGY PIENARU, Otomanii şi Habsburgii. Diplomaţie şi confesiune. Două documente otomane din 1616 ........................................................................................................... 83 ALEXANDRU CIOCÎLTAN, Contrareforma la Câmpulung. Noi documente (1635–1646)..... 99 CULTURĂ ŞI POLITICĂ ILEANA CĂZAN, Cronica Ghiculeştilor. Discurs istoriografic şi realităţi politice internaţionale (1699–1739) .................................................................................................................... 119 NICOLAE LIU, Orizont european în Iluminismul românesc. Francofonie şi cultură franceză.. 135 AMINTIRI ŞI CORESPONDENŢĂ GEORGETA FILITTI, Scrisori de altădată. Din trecutul familiei Aricescu ............................. -
Weather Anomalies in Transylvania, the Banat And
146 DORIN-IOAN RUS - WEATHER ANOMALIES IN TRANSYLVANIA WEATHER ANOMALIES IN TRANSYLVANIA, THE BANAT AND PARTIUM FROM 1813 TO 1818, AS REFLECTED IN CONTEMPORARY SOURCES VREMENSKE ANOMALIJE U TRANSILVANIJI, BANATU I PARTIUMU OD 1813. DO 1818. GODINE, KAKO SE ODRAŽAVAJU U SUVREMENIM IZVORIMA Dorin-Ioan RUS Received/Primljeno: 12.12.2020. Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des 18. Accepted/Prihvaćeno: 30.12.2020. Jahrhunderts im südöstlichen Europa, Original scientific paper/Izvorni znanstveni rad c/o Institut für Geschichte, UDK / UDC: 551.583.16(493.21)“181”(093.3) Universität Graz, Heinrichstraße 26, 8010 Graz, 551.583.2(493.21)“181”(093.3) Austria [email protected] Summary The article is based on documentary sources from the Romanian, Hungarian and German ethnic groups from Transylvania, Partium and the Banat. These include newspapers, chronicles, and notes in liturgical books. The article offers an overview of weather variability in 1812–1818, like changes in temperature, precipitation, and storms, which led to higher food prices, and to a food and livestock feed crisis. The period under examination begins in the summer of 1812, when very low winter temperatures and a cool summer were recorded in these provinces. It includes the summer of 1815, when Europe witnessed the first effects of Tambora’s eruption. It ends in 1818 when the administrative measures introduced to combat the food crisis and famine were not needed any more. The natural events depicted and recorded in the above-mentioned sources were part of the worldwide weather extremes, which are presented here in their regional-European context. Keywords: Tambora’s eruption, historical climatology, Transylvania, chronicles, Orthodox liturgical books, rural population Ključne riječi: Erupcija vulkana Tambora, historijska klimatologija, Transilvanija (Sedmogradska), kronike, pravoslavne liturgijske knjige, ruralno stanovništvo INTRODUCTION This study focuses on the weather anomalies from 1813 to 1818 in the Habsburg provinces of Transylvania, the Banat and Partium, as reflected in contemporary documents. -
Full Article –
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSERVATION SCIENCE ISSN: 2067-533X Volume 12, Issue 2, April-June 2021: 361-390 www.ijcs.ro SCIENTIFIC CONSERVATION OF THE OUTSTANDING THEATERS OF THE 19th CENTURY AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE CREATION OF MODERN ART-SPACE Ion SANDU1,2,3, Mykola ORLENKO4, Mykola DYOMIN5, Oleksandr IVASHKO5, Yulia IVASHKO5, Carmen Gabriela LĂZĂREANU6*, Krystyna PAPRZYCA7, 3,8* 9 Ioan Gabriel SANDU , Paulina SZTABIŃSKA-KAŁOWSKA 1 Academy of Romanian Scientists (AOSR), 54 Splaiul Independentei St., Sect. 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania 2Arheoinvest Centre, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research – Department of Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Blvd, 700506 Iasi, Romania 3 Romanian Inventors Forum, 3 Sf Petru Movila Street, Bl. L11, III/3, 700089 Iasi, Romania 4Ukrrestavratsiia Corporation, 6 Boryspilska Street, 02099 Kyiv, Ukraine 5Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, 31 Povitroflotskyi Avenue, Kyiv, 03037, Ukraine 6Faculty of Orthodox Theology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 9 Cloşca Street, Iaşi RO-700066, Romania 7Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Street, 31-155, Cracow, Poland 8Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Materials Science and Engineering, 41 D. Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania 9Institute of Art History, University of Lodz, 65 Narutowicza Street, 90-131, Łódź, Poland Abstract The article analyses the specifics of the stylistics of the external and internal decoration of the outstanding theaters of Romania, Ukraine and Poland; defines the role of the Viennese school in this process; describes the problems of preserving these unique objects and describes the process of complex restoration of Odesa National Academic Theater of Opera and Ballet by specialists from the Ukrrestavratsiia Corporation. -
Timeline / 1830 to After 1930 / ROMANIA
Timeline / 1830 to After 1930 / ROMANIA Date Country Theme 1830 Romania Migrations The beginning of Greek immigration into Br#ila. Many Greeks emigrate to Wallachia and settle in the Romanian ports on the Danube after the liberalisation of commerce on the Danube and Black Sea (1828). 1832 Romania Fine And Applied Arts Gheorghe Asachi founds in Ia#i a lithographic printing press called Institutul Albinei (The Bee Institute). 1833 Romania Cities And Urban Spaces Copou, one of the first public gardens in Romania, is laid out in Ia#i, Moldavia, at the initiative of Prince Mihail Sturdza. 1837 Romania Rediscovering The Past Two peasants find a Gothic hoard (4th–5th centuries AD) – the Pietroasa Treasure – near a village from Buz#u county (Wallachia). Unfortunately, only 12 of the 22 golden pieces – jewellery and vases – were preserved. 1837 Romania Reforms And Social Changes Based on the Organic Regulations adopted in 1831, the National Assembly of Wallachia includes for the first time, apart from its traditional categories (the clergy and the aristocracy), representatives of the middle classes. Middle of the 19th century Romania Migrations The mid-19th century is the beginning of Italian immigration in the Romanian countries. For 1868, the presence of approximately 600 Italian workers in Romania is documented. Italian intellectuals and artists also settle in Romania, such as composer, director and music professor Alfons Castaldi. 1840 Romania Economy And Trade Austrian engineers Karol and Rafael Hoffmann and Carol Maderspach initiate the extraction of coal in the Jiu Valley (south Transylvania), which was and still is the main coal-mining region of Romania. -
Manual-Romana-Clasa-9.Pdf
Adrian COSTACHE Florin IONIŢĂ M.N. LASCĂR Adrian SĂVOIU Limba şi literatura română Manual pentru casa a IX-a ARGUMENT Alcătuirea manualului de limba şi literatura română pentru clasa a IX-a s-a realizat în funcţie de câteva criterii, asupra cărora programa insistă cu deosebire: accesibilitate, atractivitate şi valoare. Deşi majoritatea textelor literare selectate aparţin autorilor canonici, din dorinţa de a îndeplini şi un al patrulea criteriu, varietatea, s-a apelat şi la textele altor autori, cu ajutorul cărora, am considerat, se pot exersa în mod adecvat anumite competenţe. Manualul este structurat în cinci module (unităţi): Joc şi joacă, Familia, Scene din viaţa de ieri şi de azi, Aventură, călătorie şi Personalităţi, exemple, modele. El propune studiul integrat al limbii, al comunicării şi al textului literar. În consecinţă, în cele mai multe cazuri, au fost preferate ca suport pentru aplicaţiile din domeniul Limbă şi comunicare textele selectate pentru domeniul Literatură. Fiecare capitol este realizat conform unui algoritm care presupune urmă - toarele etape: Înainte de text, unde se urmăreşte o anticipare şi o apropiere de atmosfera şi de particularităţile creaţiei care urmează a fi receptată; Textul, reprodus în totalitate sau, în cazul celor prea ample, fragmentar; Puncte de reper (pe banda laterală), care oferă un număr de sugestii pentru înţelegere şi interpretare; Explorarea textului, în care se formulează cerinţe diverse, vi - zând competenţe de receptare şi de producere a mesajelor în diferite situaţii de comunicare, sesizarea unor valenţe stilistice, capacitatea de analiză, gândirea critică etc.; Evaluare curentă. Aplicaţii, în care se propun diverse aplicaţii ce pot fi efectuate atât în clasă cât şi acasă; Dincolo de text, unde se fac conexiuni diverse cu alte opere literare ale autorului sau ale altor autori. -
From Ruscuk to Bessarabia: Manuk Bey and the Career of an Ottoman-Russian Middleman at the Beginning of the 19Th Century
Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi Sayı III/1 – Temmuz 2017, 23-43 FROM RUSCUK TO BESSARABIA: MANUK BEY AND THE CAREER OF AN OTTOMAN-RUSSIAN MIDDLEMAN AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 19TH CENTURY Stefania Costache* Abstract The life and political career of Manuk Mirzayan (d. 1817), the Armenian money-lender and acolyte of Mustapha Pasha Bairaktar, the ayan of Ruscuk, presents a good case of study of a Ottoman-Russian middleman of the early 19th century Balkans. As a product of the complicated internal and international problems of the Ottoman Balkans, he aptly managed to survive amongst the conflict between two empires and even benefited from the international conflicts as a middleman. By tracing his activities from Ruscuk to Bessarabia, this paper argues that Manuk’s decisions can be considered as strategies to improve his status and secure his life in an environment about which he could only speculate but which clearly favored agents who could cater to the competing interests of different empires and political factions. Keywords: Manuk Mirzayan, Balkans, Russia, Ottoman Empire Ruscuk'dan Besarabya'ya: Manuk Bey ve Bir Osmanlı-Rus Aracısı'nın 19. Yüzyıl Başındaki Kariyeri Öz Ruscuk ayanı Alemdar Mustafa Paşa’nın sarraf ve yardımcısı olan Ermeni Manuk Mirzayan’nın (ö. 1817), hayatı ve siyasi kariyeri 19. yüzyılın ilk yarısında Osmanlı-Rus bir arabulucunun stratejilerini anlamak açısından çok iyi bir örnek sunar. Aynı dönemin Osmanlı Balkanlarının karmaşık iç ve dış denge ve problemlerinin bir ürünü olan Manuk Bey, iki imparatorluk arasındaki çekişmelerde kurnaz bir şekilde ayakta kalmayı becermekle kalmamış, bir aracı olarak bu çekişmelerden faydalanmayı da bilmiştir. -
Anuarul Institutului De Cercetări Socio-Umane „C.S. Nicolăescu-Plopşor” “C.S
ACADEMIA ROMÂNĂ ANUARUL INSTITUTULUI DE CERCETĂRI SOCIO-UMANE „C.S. NICOLĂESCU-PLOPŞOR” “C.S. NICOLĂESCU-PLOPŞOR” INSTITUTE FOR STUDIES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES YEARBOOK XVII/2016 FOUNDING EDITOR: EDITORIAL BOARD: Vladimir OSIAC (University of Craiova, Acad. Dan BERINDEI (Romanian Academy, Romania) Romania); Acad. Dinu C. GIURESCU (Romanian EDITOR IN CHIEF: Academy, Romania); Cezar Gabriel AVRAM (C.S. Nicolăescu- Acad. Victor SPINEI (Romanian Academy, Plopşor Institute for Research in Social Studies Romania); and Humanities, Craiova, Romania) Nicolae PANEA (University of Craiova, DEPUTY EDITOR IN CHIEF: Romania); Mihaela BĂRBIERU (C.S. Nicolăescu-Plopşor Lucian DINDIRICĂ (The Alexandru and Institute for Research in Social Studies and Aristia Aman County Library, Romania); Humanities, Craiova, Romania) Simona LAZĂR (C.S. Nicolăescu-Plopşor Institute for Research in Social Studies and INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD: Humanities, Craiova, Romania); Patrick CHARLOT (University of Bourgogne, Nicolae MIHAI (C.S. Nicolăescu-Plopşor France) Institute for Research in Social Studies and Shpakovskaya Marina ANATOLIEVNA Humanities, Craiova, Romania); (People's Friendship University of Russia); Ion MILITARU (C.S. Nicolăescu-Plopşor Karina Paulina MARCZUK (University of Institute for Research in Social Studies and Warsaw, Poland); Humanities, Craiova, Romania); Teodora KALEYNSKA (Sf. Cyril and Sf. Şerban PĂTRAŞCU (C.S. Nicolăescu- Methodius University of VelikoTurnovo, Plopşor Institute for Research in Social Bulgaria); Studies and Humanities, -
Gidni 483 the National Theatre in Cluj on the Romanian And
Section – Language and Discourse GIDNI THE NATIONAL THEATRE IN CLUJ ON THE ROMANIAN AND (CENTRAL-) EUROPEAN MAP1 Mariana Neț, Prof., PhD, Senior Researcher, ”Iorgu-Iordan – Al. Rosetti” Institute of Linguistics of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest Abstract: The paper focuses on the contribution of the National Theatre in Cluj in the inter-war span to defining the audienceřs cultural, national, and (Central-)European identity. To this end, its repertory is analyzed from 1919, the year it was founded, to 1945, when the institution came back from its forced exile in Timișoara. The theatreřs frequent tours in Transylvanian Ŕ as well as other Romanian Ŕ cities are also taken into consideration. Comparisons with the repertoires of other theatres are also made. The audiencesř response to the repertory policy is not neglected either. Keywords: national identity, European identity, theatre, repertory policy, comparison History in a nutshell For well-known historical reasons,2 no stable, permanent theatrical company playing in Romanian existed in Transylvania before the end of World War I. The first attempts at playing in Romanian were made in Cluj by several local amateur companies date from mid- nineteenth century,3 more specifically from 1864. In the latter half of the 19th century professional companies from Romania occasionally visited Cluj; the first seems to have been Matei Millo‘s company, which played six performances in 1870. Another important tour was the one made by the famous company directed by I.G. Ionescu from Bucharest, which played in Cluj in 1881. The companies led by Mihail Pascaly and Grigore Manolescu also included Cluj in their Transylvanian itineraries. -
From Mioriţa to Oedipus
From MIORIţA to OEDIPUS FROM MIORIţa TO OEDIPUS: ROMANIAN NATIONAL OPERA IN THE NINETEENTH AND EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURIES Beat Föllmi Université Marc-Bloc de Strasbourg Abstract. Operas in Romanian language, on Romanian topics and written by Romanian com- posers emerge slowly in the second half of 19th century; the first works appear in the year of the 1848 revolution, other works follow later after the reunification of the two Danubian principal- ities into a Romanian national state in 1859. But their number remains limited. The most im- portant Romanian composer, George Enescu, did not choose any topic from Romanian history or folklore for his opera works. Nevertheless, the Romanian opera of the 19th and early 20th centu- ries reflects the struggle for the construction of national identity. This identity under construction had to assert itself both in Romania, among the urban elites and the king (born in Germany), and in the European cultural centres, such as Paris, Berlin or Vienna. This contribution presents the opera Petru Rareş by Eduard Caudella (composed in 1889) in comparison with Enescu’s Œdipe (composed in 1919–1931). Petru Rareş, based on a historical episode from the beginning of the 16th century, describes the nation building mainly in terms of a “pre-modern narration” (dreams, premonitory signs, religion and faith), but the decisive element of legitimation of power is a letter, a written document which belongs to the modern administration of governance. Key words: identity, nation building, Romanian music, Eduard Caudella, George Enescu PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS Romanian operas of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries are not widely known by the general public. -
Timeline / 1800 to After 1930 / ROMANIA / MUSIC, LITERATURE, DANCE and FASHION
Timeline / 1800 to After 1930 / ROMANIA / MUSIC, LITERATURE, DANCE AND FASHION Date Country Theme 1840 Romania Music, Literature, Dance And Fashion Top hats begin to be worn in the United Principalities, where they were called joben, from the name of Jobin, the French merchant who first sold them in Bucharest. 1848 Romania Music, Literature, Dance And Fashion The premiere at the National Theatre in Ia#i of the first Romanian operetta, Baba Hârca, with a script by poet Matei Millo and music composed by Alexandru Flechtenmacher. 1850 Romania Music, Literature, Dance And Fashion January: the birth of Mihai Eminescu, who is considered to be the most important Romanian poet of the 19th century. 1863 Romania Music, Literature, Dance And Fashion The literary society Junimea, which had an important role in promoting Romanian literature, is founded in Ia#i. In 1867 it begins publishing a periodical in which the works of Romanian writers appear and also translations from worldwide literature. 1868 Romania Music, Literature, Dance And Fashion 29 April: the Romanian Philharmonic Society is founded by conductor Eduard Wachmann with the aim of organising a permanent symphony orchestra. The inaugural concert takes place in the same year on 15 December. 1879 Romania Music, Literature, Dance And Fashion 18–20 January: the National Theatre of Bucharest premieres the comedy A Stormy Night by Ion Luca Caragiale, the greatest Romanian playwright. It is Caragiale’s first staged play and is a great public success. 1883 Romania Music, Literature, Dance And Fashion 6 June: the death of Romanian composer Ciprian Porumbescu, at the age of only 29. -
Negotiation of the Haiduc in Ceaușescu's Romania
Honor among Thieves: Negotiation of the Haiduc in Ceaușescu’s Romania (1968-1982) THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Justin Thomas Ciucevich, B.A. Graduate Program in Slavic and East European Studies The Ohio State University 2017 Thesis Committee: Theodora Dragostinova, Advisor David Hoffmann Adela Lechintan-Siefer Copyrighted by Justin Thomas Ciucevich 2017 Abstract In Nicolae Ceaușescu’s Romania, the haiduc enjoyed an elevated status in the national pantheon alongside the greatest rulers and revolutionaries of the past – celebrated through film, songs, literature, and architecture. Romania’s producers of culture (particularly privileged intellectuals working within the highly-centralized state) used the haiduc figure as an embodiment of the ideals espoused by the regime – a protector of national identity; a guarantor of social justice and economic equality; defender against foreign oppression; an embodiment of paternity, masculinity, fraternity, and morality; and a champion of righteous revolutionary principles. However, the haiduc also served a practical purpose for the regime. The narratives of the two most renowned haiduc figures – Baba Novac (1530-1601) and Iancu Jianu (1787-1842) – were used, especially, to vilify ethnic minorities and the large peasant population in Romania. This thesis focuses on how these two figures were used most malleably in order to maximize public displays of national chauvinism via flamboyant glorifications and representations. ii Vita 2004............................................................... Hoover High School, Hoover, AL 2011................................................................Jefferson State Community College 2014................................................................University of Alabama at Birmingham 2016................................................................Foreign Language and Area Studies Fellowship, Romanian, The Ohio State University Publications Ciucevich, Justin.