DOCSLIB.ORG

Annual Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Annual Report September 30, 2020 Annual Report Touchstone Funds Group Trust Touchstone Active Bond Fund Touchstone Anti-Benchmark® International Core Equity Fund Touchstone Anti-Benchmark® US Core Equity Fund Touchstone Credit Opportunities II Fund Touchstone High Yield Fund Touchstone Impact Bond Fund Touchstone International ESG Equity Fund Touchstone Mid Cap Fund Touchstone Mid Cap Value Fund Touchstone Sands Capital Select Growth Fund Touchstone Small Cap Fund Touchstone Small Cap Value Fund Touchstone Ultra Short Duration Fixed Income Fund IMPORTANT NOTE: Beginning on January 1, 2021, as permitted by regulations adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, paper copies of the Touchstone Funds’ annual and semi-annual shareholder reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the shareholder reports from Touchstone Funds or from your financial intermediary, such as a broker-dealer or bank. Instead, annual and semi-annual shareholder reports will be available on the Touchstone Funds’ website (TouchstoneInvestments.com/Resources), and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report. You may elect to receive all future annual and semi-annual shareholder reports in paper, free of charge. If you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. To elect to receive paper copies of shareholder reports through the mail or otherwise change your delivery method, contact your financial intermediary or, if you hold your shares directly through Touchstone Funds, visit TouchstoneInvestments.com/Resources/Edelivery or call Touchstone Funds toll-free at 1.800.543.0407. Your election to receive shareholder reports in paper will apply to all Touchstone Funds that you hold through the financial intermediary, or directly with Touchstone. Table of Contents Page Letter from the President 3 Management's Discussion of Fund Performance (Unaudited) 4 - 38 Tabular Presentation of Portfolios of Investments (Unaudited) 39 - 42 Portfolios of Investments: Touchstone Active Bond Fund 43 Touchstone Anti-Benchmark® International Core Equity Fund 52 Touchstone Anti-Benchmark® US Core Equity Fund 55 Touchstone Credit Opportunities II Fund 57 Touchstone High Yield Fund 64 Touchstone Impact Bond Fund 68 Touchstone International ESG Equity Fund 72 Touchstone Mid Cap Fund 74 Touchstone Mid Cap Value Fund 75 Touchstone Sands Capital Select Growth Fund 77 Touchstone Small Cap Fund 78 Touchstone Small Cap Value Fund 79 Touchstone Ultra Short Duration Fixed Income Fund 81 Statements of Assets and Liabilities 88 - 91 Statements of Operations 92 - 93 Statements of Changes in Net Assets 94 - 97 Statements of Changes in Net Assets - Capital Stock Activity 98 - 104 Financial Highlights 105 - 135 Notes to Financial Statements 136 - 155 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 156 Other Items (Unaudited) 158 - 162 Management of the Trust (Unaudited) 163 - 164 Privacy Protection Policy 167 This report identifies the Funds' investments on September 30, 2020. These holdings are subject to change. Not all investments in each Fund performed the same, nor is there any guarantee that these investments will perform as well in the future. Market forecasts provided in this report may not occur. 2 Letter from the President Dear Shareholder: We are pleased to provide you with theTouchstoneFunds GroupTrust Annual Report. Inside you will find key financial information, as well as manager commentaries for the Funds for the 12 months ended September 30, 2020. Trade-related rhetoric between the U.S. and China drove market volatility throughout 2019. However, by the end of calendar year, the U.S.-China trade discussions took a more constructive tone, culminating in an announcement of a Phase One Trade Agreement in early 2020 to reduce some tariff levels. The global economic outlook seemed poised to resume a tenuous, yet modest growth trajectory until progress was upended in the first half of 2020 as COVID-19 swept the globe, bringing with it containment measures resulting in massive shutdowns of economic activity. Following an economic lockdown during most of March and April 2020, U.S. state governors began slowly reopening their economies across the country. Although employment numbers and retail sales figures through the latter portion of the 12-month period rebounded strongly from their March 2020 lows, investor sentiment remains cautious as the stimulus programs put in place during the depths of the outbreak ended with an uncertain outlook for further support. Likewise, the rest of the world navigated a similar reopening process, though with varying paces and policies. China, for example, has seemingly been able to stem the spread of the virus and tended to recover more quickly than the U.S., Brazil and parts of Europe, who have struggled with pockets of outbreaks. The last 12 months featured a lot of price action that at first glance resulted in little change. As alluded to previously, the S&P 500® Index ended 2019 on a strong note and this continued into January of 2020, but then quickly reversed into a recession-like drawdown. The severe pullback during the first quarter was followed by a strong rebound late in the quarter, which carried into the second and third quarters before stalling in September 2020 to finish with a double-digit gain. Underneath the high-level results, U.S. equity performance varied widely primarily by style with growth equities far outperforming value equities during the 12-month period. U.S. growth stocks were predominately driven by Communication Services, Consumer Discretionary, InformationTechnology (IT) and Health Care stocks as these underlying companies were least impacted or even benefited from the COVID-19 lockdowns. Conversely, U.S. value equities faced significant headwinds as the sudden drop in economic activity in the first half of 2020 adversely impacted cyclical sectors and value equity-tilted sectors such as Financials, Energy, Materials and Real Estate. Large cap stocks held up better largely due to their ability to weather challenging economic conditions compared to their mid cap and small cap peers. Internet behemoths such as Amazon, Microsoft, Facebook and Netflix drove the strong aforementioned growth equity returns as they benefited from the COVID-19-induced lockdown impacting everyday life and working conditions. Non-U.S. developed equity markets generally trailed the U.S. over the past 12 months. Japan performed relatively well with slow growth in COVID-19 cases and aggressive stimulus measures while Europe was hit harder by the pandemic. Similar to the U.S., IT and Health Care stocks were among the top contributors in developed markets while Energy and Financials lagged. In emerging markets, equities exhibited the same pattern as the U.S. and developed markets with IT and Asia-Pacific countries who experienced COVID-19 lockdowns earlier in the year, such as China,Taiwanand South Korea, leading the way. As previously described, Asia-Pacific countries experienced an abating COVID-19 virus by the second quarter and were able to reopen their economies earlier than the U.S. and Europe. Within fixed income, Treasury prices benefited and yields compressed due to U.S. Federal Reserve Board (Fed) actions and a flight to safety during the rapid selloff of risk assets in the first half of 2020. Meanwhile, credit-sensitive sectors saw the strong results of 2019 nearly or completely erased as concerns over potential for rising defaults and technical selling pressures factored into the drawdown. During the first quarter of 2020, spreads across investment grade credit, high yield credit, bank loans and collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) all reached levels not seen since the 2008 Credit Crisis. The Fed stepped in during the volatility to provide liquidity, slashed overnight rates to zero, and provided support for the fixed income markets through new asset purchase programs. The Fed’s actions helped ease the volatility and negative sentiment that appeared in March, as credit spreads narrowed over the six subsequent months for a double-digit gain off the bottom. Markets such as these reaffirm our belief in the importance of the steady hands of financial professionals, trust in your investment strategy, and awareness of the risks that accompany trying to time the market. Additionally, we believe that environments that are more volatile in fact create more opportunity for active managers to add value, especially those that are Distinctively Active. We greatly value your continued support. Thank you for including Touchstone as part of your investment plan. Sincerely, Jill T. McGruder President Touchstone Funds Group Trust 3 Management's Discussion of Fund Performance (Unaudited) Touchstone Active Bond Fund Sub-Advised by Fort Washington Investment Advisors, Inc. Investment Philosophy The Touchstone Active Bond Fund seeks to provide as high a level of current income as is consistent with the preservation of capital. Capital appreciation is a secondary goal. In deciding what securities to buy and sell for the Fund, the overall investment opportunities and risks in different sectors of the debt securities market are analyzed by focusing on maximizing total return and reducing volatility of the Fund’s portfolio. A disciplined sector allocation process is followed in order to build a broadly diversified portfolio of bonds. Fund Performance The Touchstone Active Bond Fund (Class A Shares) outperformed its benchmark, the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index, for the 12-month period ending September 30, 2020. The Fund’s total return was 7.91 percent (calculated excluding the maximum sales charge) while the total return of the benchmark was 6.98 percent. Market Environment During the first three months of the period U.S.-China trade tensions cooled with both sides headed toward an eventual resolution of the dispute. Additionally, tariffs, concern over global growth, inflation consistently below the Fed’s target, and modest but resilient U.S. growth kept a cap on rates providing an accommodative environment in terms of easy financial conditions.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chronos Uses the Creative Commons License CC BY-NC-SA That Lets You Remix, Transform, and Build Upon the Material for Non-Commercial Purposes
    Chronos- Revue d’Histoire de l’Université de Balamand, is a bi-annual Journal published in three languages (Arabic, English and French). It deals particularly with the History of the ethnic and religious groups of the Arab world. Journal Name: Chronos ISSN: 1608-7526 Title: Archaeology of Medieval Lebanon: an Overview Author(s): Tasha Voderstrasse To cite this document: Voderstrasse, T. (2019). Archaeology of Medieval Lebanon: an Overview. Chronos, 20, 103-128. https://doi.org/10.31377/chr.v20i0.476 Permanent link to this document: DOI: https://doi.org/10.31377/chr.v20i0.476 Chronos uses the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-SA that lets you remix, transform, and build upon the material for non-commercial purposes. However, any derivative work must be licensed under the same license as the original. CHl{ONOS Revue d'Histoirc de l'Univcrsite de Balamand Numero 20, 2009, ISSN 1608 7526 ARCHAEOLOGY OF MEDIEVAL LEBANON: AN OVERVIEW T ASHA VORDERSTRASSE 1 Introduction This article will present an overview of the archaeological work done on medieval Lebanon from the 19th century to the present. The period under examination is the late medieval period, from the 11th to the 14th centuries, encompassing the time when the region was under the control of various Islamic dynasties and the Crusaders. The archaeology of Le banon has been somewhat neglected over the years, despite its importance for our understanding of the region in the medieval period, mainly because of the civil war (1975-1990), which made excavations and surveys in the country impossible and led to the widespread looting of sites (Hakiman 1987; Seeden 1987; Seeden 1989; Fisk 1991 ; Hakiman 1991; Ward 1995; Hackmann 1998; Sader 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • Shifting Networks and Community Identity at Tell Tayinat in the Iron I (Ca
    Shifting Networks and Community Identity at Tell Tayinat in the Iron I (ca. 12th to Mid 10th Century B.C.E.) , , , , , , , , Open Access on AJA Online Includes Supplementary Content on AJA Online The end of the 13th and beginning of the 12th centuries B.C.E. witnessed the demise of the great territorial states of the Bronze Age and, with them, the collapse of the ex- tensive interregional trade networks that fueled their wealth and power. The period that follows has historically been characterized as an era of cultural devolution marked by profound social and political disruption. This report presents the preliminary results of the Tayinat Archaeological Project (TAP) investigations of Iron I (ca. 12th to mid 10th century B.C.E.) contexts at Tell Tayinat, which would emerge from this putative Dark Age as Kunulua, royal capital of the Neo-Hittite kingdom of Palastin/Patina/Unqi. In contrast to the prevailing view, the results of the TAP investigations at Early Iron Age Tayinat reveal an affluent community actively interacting with a wide spectrum of re- gions throughout the eastern Mediterranean. The evidence from Tayinat also highlights the distinctively local, regional character of its cultural development and the need for a more nuanced treatment of the considerable regional variability evident in the eastern Mediterranean during this formative period, a treatment that recognizes the diversity of relational networks, communities, and cultural identities being forged in the generation of a new social and economic order.1
    [Show full text]
  • Les Ports Phéniciens Du Liban in the Lebanon Issue 36-37 Milieux Naturels, Organisation Spatiale Et Autumn -S Pring 2012-13 , Pp
    ARCHAEOLOGY & H ISTORY LES PORTS PHÉNICIENS DU LIBAN IN THE LEBANON ISSUE 36-37 MILIEUX NATURELS, ORGANISATION SPATIALE ET AUTUMN -S PRING 2012-13 , PP. 1-137. INFRASTRUCTURES NICOLAS CARAYON 1 H 1 Carte 1 : SARDAIG les 183 agglomérations (1) Olbia portuaires phéniciennes ESPAGNE (4) Carbo et/ou puniques (1) Guardamar del Segura ; (2) Carthagène ; (7) Bitia ; (3) Villaricos ; (4) Adra ;(5) Almuñecar ;(6) Chorreras ; (Carayon, 2008). (10) Sulc (7) Morro de Mezquitilla ; (8) Cerro del Mar ; (9) Toscanos ; (12) Carlo (10) Malaga ; (11) Cerro del Villar ; (12) Cerro del Castillo ; (15) Thar (13) Torreon ; (14) Montilla ; (15) Carteia ; 1 (16) Cerro del Prado ; (17) Tarifa ; (18) Cadix ; (19) Castillo de Doña Blanca. 17 SARDAIGNE 16 15 14 2 2 1 13 5 3 3 12 4 PORTUGAL 4 11 6 10 5 BALEARES 9 8 7 Abul (1) Mahon ; (2) Cala Coves ; 1 (3) Na Guardis ; (4) Ibiza ; (5) Sa Caleta. ESPAGNE 2 27 28 26 3 25 19 3 18 9 6 30 29 21 10 9 7 12 10 5 1 17 19 11 5 4 24 13 16 15 14 2 20 16 14 6 13 11 8 4 23 22 15 8 7 18 12 15 17 16 17 14 18 13 3 19 TUNISIE 4 20 12 10 9 5 2 1 21 ALGERIE 11 6 22 8 7 7 MAROC 6 5 4 8 3 MAROC 2 (1) Melilla ; (2) S. Abdeslam del Behar ; (3) Ceuta ; (4) Tanger ; (5) Kouass ; (6) Lixus ; (7) Sala ; (8) El-Djadida ; (9) Mogador. ALGERIE (1) Annaba ; (2) Skikda ; (3) Collo ; (4) Djidjelli ; (5) Bougie ; (6) Aze"oun ; (7) Taksebt ; (8) Tigzirt ; (9) Dellys ; (10) Cap Djinet ; (11) Mers el-Hadjedje ; (12) Matifou ; (13) Alger ; (14) Tipaza ; (15) Cherchel; (16) Gouraya ; (17) Arzew ; (18) Andalouses ; (19) Mersa Madakh ; (20) Mersa Bou Zedjar ; (21) Rachgoun ; (22) Siga.
    [Show full text]
  • 175 EGYPTIAN and EGYPTIANISING SCARAB-SHAPED SEALS in SYRIA and LEBANON 176 ACTUEEL Vanessa BOSCHLOOS I. Introduction: State Of
    175 EGYPTIAN AND EGYPTIANISING SCARAB-SHAPED SEALS IN SYRIA AND LEBANON 176 ACTUEEL objects and about half of the stamp seal-amulets that sur- faced in southern Levantine sites have been brought together in three volumes of his Corpus der Stempelsiegel-Amulette EGYPTIAN AND EGYPTIANISING SCARAB-SHAPED SEALS IN * aus Palästina/Israel (presented alphabetically, from Tel SYRIA AND LEBANON Abu Farag to Tel el-Fir)2). This admirable achievement is Vanessa BOSCHLOOS accompanied by a comprehensive introductory volume and Abstract Keel’s Corpus presents archaeologists – and seal-specialists in particular – with an essential research tool and reference A doctoral research project pertaining to the presence, evolu- work for the study of this type of artefact. Unfortunately, a tion and distribution of Egyptian scarabs in the northern Levant detailed archaeological analysis of these finds (especially was conducted by Vanessa Boschloos at the Vrije Universiteit their stratigraphical distribution throughout the individual Brussel and the Royal Museums of Art and History of Brussels. sites) is wanting and the development of their distribution Present-day Lebanon and Syria yielded a large number of scarab- in Palestine has not yet been examined. This is mainly due shaped seals, both Egyptian imports and non-Egyptian imitations to the quantity of finds. Detailed studies of particular and adaptations. They are mainly known from excavation reports groups, periods or types have offered insights into the but remain largely unstudied. For the first time, an exhaustive catalogue of provenanced finds from this region is offered and development of scarabs in the southern Levant and a num- completes research that, until now, was mostly concentrated on ber of local production centres and workshops have been scarabs from the southern Levant (Israel and Jordan).
    [Show full text]
  • Beiträge Zur Alten Geschichte, Papyrologie Und Epigraphik TYCHE
    Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte, Papyrologie und Epigraphik TYCHE Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte, Papyrologie und Epigraphik Band 22 2007 Herausgegeben von: Gerhard Dobesch, Bemhard Palme, Peter Siewert und Ekkehard Weber Gemeinsam mit: Wolfgang Hameter und Hans Taeuber Unter Beteiligung von: Reinhold Bichler, Herbert Graßl, Sigrid Jalkotzy und Ingomar Weiler Redaktion: Franziska Beutler, Sandra Hodecek, Georg Rehrenböck und Patrick Sänger Zuschriften und Manuskripte erbeten an: Redaktion TYCHE, c/o Institut für Alte Geschichte und Altertumskunde, Papyrologie und Epigraphik, Universität Wien, Dr. Karl Lueger-Ring 1, A-lOlO Wien. Beiträge in deutscher, englischer, französischer, italienischer und lateinischer Sprache werden angenommen. Bei der Redaktion einlangende wissenschaftliche Werke werden angezeigt. Auslieferung: Holzhausen Verlag GmbH, Holzhausenplatz 1, A-1140 Wien verlagholzhausen @holzhausen.at Gedruckt auf holz- und säurefreiem Papier. Umschlag: IG nZ 2127 (Ausschnitt) mit freundlicher Genehmigung des Epigraphischen Museums in Athen, lnv.-Nr. 8490, und P.Vindob.Barbara 8. © 2008 by Holzhausen Verlag GmbH, Wien Bibliografische Information Der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb .ddb.de abrufbar Eigentümer und Verleger: Holzhausen Verlag GmbH, Holzhausenplatz 1, A-1140 Wien Herausgeber: Gerhard Dobesch, Bernhard Palme, Peter Siewert und Ekkehard Weber, c/o Institut für Alte Geschichte und Altertumskunde, Papyrologie und Epigraphik, Universität Wien, Dr. Karl Lueger-Ring 1, A-lOlO Wien. e-mail: [email protected]@univie.ac.at Hersteller: Holzhausen Druck & Medien GmbH, Holzhausenplatz 1, A-1140 Wien Verlagsort: Wien. - Herstellungsort: Wien. - Printed in Austria. ISBN 3-900518-03-3 Alle Rechte vorbehalten INHALTS VERZEICHNIS Maurizio C 0 10m b 0 (Rom): Le tribu dei Pannoni in Strabone Charilaos Fra g i a d a k i s (Athen): Die böotischen Sklavennamen.
    [Show full text]
  • Accounts from the Holy Land, Lebanon and Syria Full Article Language: En Indien Anders: Engelse Articletitle: 0
    _full_alt_author_running_head (neem stramien B2 voor dit chapter en dubbelklik nul hierna en zet 2 auteursnamen neer op die plek met and): 0 _full_articletitle_deel (kopregel rechts, vul hierna in): Accounts from the Holy Land, Lebanon and Syria _full_article_language: en indien anders: engelse articletitle: 0 222 Chapter 7 Chapter 7 Accounts from the Holy Land, Lebanon and Syria The 13 letters in this chapter (Accounts 7-19, inclusive) comprise detailed ac- counts of the biblical towns of Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Jaffa, Acre, Nazareth, Tiberias and Safed, together with accounts of Tyre, Sarepta (Sarafand), Sidon, Cannobine, Tripoli, Mount Lebanon and Baalbek. The final letter, written from Aleppo, is a short personal note to Bishop Milles in Ireland requesting ecclesi- astical favours. The period of this correspondence spans four months, from the beginning of April until the end of July 1738. However, there is such a gap between Letters 18 and 19 (sent from Baalbek and Aleppo respectively), it is likely that a letter from Damascus is missing. This would explain why the correspondence in this collection lacks an account of the famous temples of Baalbek, which feature so prominently in Pococke’s book. JERUSALEM 2/13 April 1738 Pococke to Bishop Milles Account 71 My Lord When I landed at Joppa from Damiata I went to the house of Simon the Tanner by the sea side; which according to tradition, was where the Hospitium of the Latin Fathers now stands. Joppa is situated on the side of a hill, on the sea. It is no harbour for ships only for small boats, which are shelter’d from the weather by a ridge of rocks that run along, at some distance before the Quay.
    [Show full text]
  • RAYMOND V. SCHODER, S.J. (1916-1987) Classical Studies Department SLIDE COLLECTION of the HOLY LAND and EASTERN ORTHODOX SITES P
    RAYMOND V. SCHODER, S.J. (1916-1987) Classical Studies Department SLIDE COLLECTION OF THE HOLY LAND AND EASTERN ORTHODOX SITES Prepared by: Laszlo Sulyok Ace. No. 89-15 Computer Name: HL YLEORT.SCH 1 Metal Box Location: 209 I The following slides of the Holy Land and Eastern Orthodox sites are from the collection of Raymond V. Schader, S.J. Originally the slide collections had been kept in small indivudual cardboard boxes and later rearranged into a large metal box in the university archives. The new arrangement is based on the authentic topical and numerical order of Fr. Schader. For further available material on the topic, see "Palestine Slides" (PALESTIN.SCH). CAUTION: This collection may include commercially produced slides which may only be reproduced with the owner's permission. PALESTINE I. MAP: PALESTINE TOPOGRAPHICAL 2. JORDAN RIVER, from air # 3. RIVER JORDAN: dunes n. Dead Sea outlet 4. NABI MUSA: Arab 'tomb of Moses'n. Dead Sea 5. Dead Sea surge cliffs (Isaias MSS) 6. QUMRAN: Essene Cave 4, wh. Scrolls found 7. DEAD SEA SCROLL 'Manual of Discipline.' I cent.; fr. Cave I # . 8. JERICHO: O.T. mound fr. S; women w. water jugs 9. JERICHO: O.T. mouind top, looking North I 0. JERICHO: looking East twd. Dead Sea fr. OT mound; oasis; Eliseus' II. JERICHO: 7000 BC tower in wall 12. JERICHO: steps inside 7000 BC wall tower 13. MEGIDDO: Tell across Esdraelon plain 14. MEGIDDO: city walls, 15-12 c. K 15. ESDRAELON plain to Megiddo/ Armegeddon 16. GIRL W. WATER JAR # 17. Camel loaded w.
    [Show full text]
  • Sarafand Poster
    SARAFAND مسار الفينيقيني THE PHOENICIANS' ROUTE الصرفند INTRODUCTION Sarafand is a Lebanese local authority which is located in Saida (Sidon) District, an administrative division of South Lebanon Governorate. Sarepta is less prominent in the record, yet the appearance of the name of the city in ancient Egyptian, Assyrian, Hebrew, and Greek documents of various dates can provide a framework for its history. In the eyes of the Western world, however, Sarepta enjoyed a prominence throughout more than a millennium which not even Tyre and Sidon could match. As early as the fourth century A.D., Christian pilgrims from Europe began to visit the site. HISTORICAL MAPPING Harbors at a deep of 17 meters, two sea- ports each 100 me- ters but divided due to geological motion of the earth. Pave- ments prove the ex- istence of a city that used to depend on the commerce and A the sea during the Phoenician era. It is built on the edge of the mound, overlooking Yarmouta the harbor, which lies 50 meters. To the north, the industrial area of the city is located directly to the south and is separated from the shrine by a narrow street. Discovery of The Shrine of Tanit-Ashtart at Sarepta in 1972. The Phoenician harbor became an Ottoman har- bor afterwards. Ottoman Harbor Obviously, the site has been occupied at least two centuries before the Roman port was built. But there is no Phoenician presence. The Roman Port Beside Modern Harbor Mound at Ras El-Qantara 133 B.C. The stone blocks show lay- ers of stratified deposits of ancient habitation that would provide at the very outset a record of human occupation at the site.
    [Show full text]
  • Network Analysis of Crusader Fortifications and Settlements in the Kyrenia
    Defend Your Coast: Network Analysis of Crusader Fortifications and Settlements in the Kyrenia Region of Cyprus By Tyler Martin Caldwell March 2019 Director of Thesis: Dr. David Stewart Major Department: Program in Maritime Studies, Department of History The Mediterranean island of Cyprus is situated at the crossroads of the Near East and the Aegean Civilizations. During the Middle Ages, Cyprus experienced raids that would devastate the coastal landscape. Coastal towns and villages were destroyed, and many of them never rebuilt. Fortifications were constructed to defend the coastline from raiders and potential invaders. Scholars believe that during times of heavy raiding coastal settlements are abandoned in favor of inland settlements. This theory has not been tested using Geographic Information System (GIS). This study used GIS to test the area of influence raiders could exert inland during a raid. Based on past research the extent of influence was determined to be 3000 m inland. The Network Analyst tool was used to determine the shortest routes raiders and defenders took to reach undefended villages and churches. The time needed for defenders and attackers to reach sites was determined using a hiking calculator. Based on the results of the test the majority of sites are situated outside the range of raiders influence. Defend Your Coast: Network Analysis of Crusader Fortifications and Settlements in the Kyrenia Region of Cyprus A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Program in Maritime Studies of Department of History East Carolina University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Maritime Studies by Tyler Caldwell March 2019 © Tyler Caldwell, 2019 Defend Your Coast: Network Analysis of Crusader Fortifications and Settlements Within the Kyrenia Region of Cyprus By Tyler Martin Caldwell APPROVED BY: DIRECTOR OF THESIS: (David J.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Coastal Area Management in Lebanon
    UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME MEDITERRANEAN ACTION PLAN MAP CAMP PROJECT "LEBANON” FINAL INTEGRATED PROJECT DOCUMENT MAP Technical Reports Series No. 160 UNEP/MAP Athens, 2005 Note: The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP/MAP concerning the legal status of any State, Territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of their frontiers or boundaries. This report was prepared under the co-ordination of the UNEP/MAP Priority Actions Programme, Regional Activity Centre (PAP/RAC). This series contains selected reports resulting from the various activities performed within the framework of the components of the Mediterranean Action Plan: Pollution Monitoring and Research Programme (MED POL), Blue Plan (BP), Priority Actions Programme (PAP), Specially Protected Areas (SPA), Regional Marine Pollution Emergency Response Centre for the Mediterranean Sea (REMPEC), Environment Remote Sensing Centre (ERS), and Cleaner Production Centre (CP). © 2005 United Nations Environment Programme/Mediterranean Action Plan (UNEP/MAP) P.O. Box 18019, Athens, Greece ISSN 1011-7148 (Paper) 1810–6218 (Online) This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP/MAP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. This publication cannot be used for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without permission in writing from UNEP/MAP. For bibliographic purposes this volume may be cited as: UNEP/MAP: MAP CAMP Project "Lebanon”: Final Integrated Project Document.
    [Show full text]
  • Map 69 Damascus-Caesarea Compiled by J.P
    Map 69 Damascus-Caesarea Compiled by J.P. Brown and E.M. Meyers (Israel), 1994 Introduction Jordan, Lebanon, Syria This is an area of much diversity. Coastal Sidon was well known to Homer; inland Gabitha, by contrast, first appears as the site of a great Moslem victory in A.D. 636. The snows of Hermon Mons overlook the parched deserts of Syria. The rift valley of Lebanon between its twin mountain ranges sinks to the R. Jordan far below sea level. The limestone of Libanus Mons has fossil fish which Eusebius took to be records of Noah’s flood; the great basalt tract of Trachon(itis) (modern Lejja) and its neighbors was deposited by lava flows from extinct volcanoes of Auranitis (modern Jebel Druze). The map marks some changes from current topography. Tyrus was an island until Alexander’s time; he joined it to the mainland by a mole, later silted up to form the modern peninsula. The southern valley (Koile Syria) of Lebanon was a swamp of uncertain extent (Kalamon Limne), where Theophrastus found aromatic rush and papyrus; its malarial waters were not drained until the fourteenth century A.D. The northwest of the map shows pockets of the Lebanese forest as delimited by Hadrian; see the text for Map 68. Knowledge of Syria came gradually to the Greek and Roman world. Herodotus records admirals of the Phoenician cities. Theophrastus had perhaps visited Damascus. Alexander made the coast well known. The campaign of Antiochus III in 219 B.C., as narrated by Polybius, brings detailed information about the Valley of Lebanon and Peraea; that of Judas in 163 B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • M U , C. COPYRIGHT This Is a Thesis Accepted for a Higher Degree of the University of London
    REFERENCE ONLY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON THESIS Degree Year Name of Author ?up Zoo i M u , c. COPYRIGHT This is a thesis accepted for a Higher Degree of the University of London. It is an unpublished typescript and the copyright is held by the author. All persons consulting the thesis must read and abide by the Copyright Declaration below. COPYRIGHT DECLARATION I recognise that the copyright of the above-described thesis rests with the author and that no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author. LOANS Theses may not be lent to individuals, but the Senate House Library may lend a copy to approved libraries within the United Kingdom, for consultation solely on the premises of those libraries. Application should be made to: Inter-Library Loans, Senate House Library, Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU. REPRODUCTION University of London theses may not be reproduced without explicit written permission from the Senate House Library. Enquiries should be addressed to the Theses Section of the Library. Regulations concerning reproduction vary according to the date of acceptance of the thesis and are listed below as guidelines. A. Before 1962. Permission granted only upon the prior written consent of the author. (The Senate House Library will provide addresses where possible). B. 1962- 1974. In many cases the author has agreed to permit copying upon completion of a Copyright Declaration. C. 1975 - 1988. Most theses may be copied upon completion of a Copyright Declaration. D. 1989 onwards. Most theses may be copied.
    [Show full text]