National i" ^^^^f^BBBBBH UNITED STATES Historic Events Death Valley DEPARTMENT OF THE 1844 Fremont party, following old Spanish Trail, camped within sight of south NATIONAL INTERIOR OPEN end of Death Valley. MONUMENT Harold L. Ickes, Secretary 1849 Jayhawkers, Georgians, Bennett ALL party, and others entered valley YEAR through Furnace Creek on Christ­ CALIFORNIA—NEVADA 19 42 mas Day. 1856 First General Land Office survey of Death Valley. 1860 Darwin French and S. G. George FURNACE CREEK ENTRANCE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE prospecting parties explored Pana- Newton B. Drury, Director mints and parts of valley, giving many place names still in use. COD\r€^(jr s 1861 Lieutenant Ives explored region for EATH VALLEY National cipitous slopes of the Funeral Range California Boundary Commission, Monument was created by bounding it on the east. Running in Sand Dunes Near Stove­ using camels as pack animals. Pros­ Presidential proclamation a general northwesterly direction, pecting parties active. D pipe Wells . . . Cover on February 11, 1933, and enlarged the valley is narrow in comparison 1864 Jacob Breyfogle lost the famed Brey- to its present dimensions on March to its length, ranging from 4 miles or fogle mine. History 4 26, 1937. Embracing 2,981 square less in width at constricted points to 1870 Bellerin Tex Bennett started Furnace miles, or nearly 2 million acres of perhaps 16 miles at its widest part. Creek Ranch. Indians 6 primitive, unspoiled desert country, It is a region of superlatives. Approx­ 1871 Further explorations for Government it is the second largest area adminis­ imately 550 square miles of the valley by Wheeler and Lyle. Wildlife 6 tered by the National Park Service floor are below sea level; and Bad- 1872 Panamint mines discovered. Pana- in the United States proper. water, 280 feet below that plane, is mint booms in 1874. Plants 8 Famed as the scene of a tragic epi­ the lowest land in the entire Western 1873 First borax discovered in valley. sode in the gold-rush drama of '49, Hemisphere. Telescope Peak, tower­ Monument Nursery ... 10 1875 Further exploration by Lt. Rogers Death Valley has long been known ing 11,325 feet above the valley floor, Birnie. to scientist and layman alike as a probably stands higher above its im­ Geology 10 1880 Aaron Winters sold borax claims for region rich in scientific and human mediate surroundings than any other $20,000. Borax industry in valley interest. Its distinctive types of scen­ mountain in the 48 States. Death started. How To Reach Death ery, its geological phenomena, its Valley held, until quite recently, a 1891 Biological expedition by Merriam, flora, and climate are not duplicated world's record for high temperatures, Valley ...... 13 Palmer, Coville, and others. by any other area open to general and it is one of the driest places in the 1904 Goldfield mining boom, resulting in travel. In all ways it is different and West. In a standard thermometer Administration 14 to mining camps of Rhyolite, Skidoo, unique. shelter at Furnace Creek a maximum 1908 Greenwater, etc. The monument is situated in the air temperature of 134° F. in the Rangers 14 1926 Stovepipe Wells and Furnace Creek rugged desert region lying east of the shade has been recorded. On the salt to Inn established. Eichbaum toll Naturalist Service .... 14 1927 road built from Darwin. Beginning High Sierra in eastern California and flats near Badwater, in the deepest of tourist traffic to valley. southwestern Nevada. The valley part of the valley, it has probably Free Public Campground . 15 1933 Death Valley National Monument itself is about 140 miles in length, been hotter still. These extreme tem­ established. with the forbidding Panamint Range peratures, of course, are unknown Accommodations .... 15 1937 Boundaries of monument extended. forming the western wall and the pre­ except during the summer months.

2 Death Valley National Monument 3 morale. Losing all semblance of sites. Sometimes the prospectors order, the train split up in every struck it rich in the rugged peaks direction. Some went up the valley; and barren canyons that shut the some turned to the south. The Jay- valley in from the surrounding, less hawker party and a few others, aban­ forbidding desert. Itinerant prospec­ doning most of their equipment, tors prodded their burros from one found their way eventually over spring to the next, following Indian passes in the Panamints, and crossed trails or beating out new tracks, and the Panamint Valley and the Mojave crossed and recrossed the ranges from Desert. Suffering tremendous hard­ one end of the valley to the other. ships, and losing a number of their Sometimes they were careless or not members, they finally reached the acquainted with the country. They coast. missed the springs, lost their burros, The Bennett-Arcane party, how­ or lingered too long on the floor of the ever, crossed the salt fiats and camped valley in summer. Their carcasses, for 3 weeks in the vicinity of what dried and picked clean by kit fox and is now called Bennetts Well. Manly raven, were found eventually and and Rogers were sent on ahead in a buried beside the trail. U. S. Army Air Corps photo desperate attempt to find a way to Borax was finally responsible for PLANES FLY OVER THE VALLEY AS TELESCOPE PEAK LOOMS IN THE BACKGROUND civilization and to bring help if the partial taming of the valley. In possible. Making a trip of heroic the 80's, "cotton-ball" borax was proportions, they finally returned Through the winter season, from late remaining unexplored until that date refined at the old Harmony Mill, and and led their party through to the October until May, the climate is is that possibly the aborigines had freighted over agonizing miles of coastal region without further loss of ideal. The days are warm and sunny warned any would-be discoverers to desert in huge, high-wheeled wagons life. Pausing on the crest of the Pana­ for the most part, and the nights are stay away from "Tomesha" (mean­ drawn by strings of 20 mules. A rail­ mints, the weary emigrants looked cool and invigorating. The valley is ing "ground-afire"), the Indian name road was built to the edge of the back across the valley, that tremen­ famous for consistently fair weather, for Death Valley. valley when richer deposits were dis­ dous barrier that had caused so covered. Walter Scott, ex-cowboy of lack of rainfall, and extremely low The Spaniards of early California much privation and suffering, and Buffalo Bill fame, through publicity humidity. One record for an entire may have been in Death Valley, but cried, "Good-bye, Death Valley." for himself and the region became year showed 351 clear days; and the if so, no record remains. It has never known another English known as Death Valley Scotty. Ad­ average annual precipitation over a It is also possible that John Charles name. venturous visitors drove their cars period of many years is 1.4 inches. Fremont, in 1844, saw the extreme In the next few years some of the into the valley, cursed its then abom­ The majority of the areas under southern end from where his party Forty-niners, undaunted, returned as inable roads, but came again. With the jurisdiction of the National Park camped; but it remained for a band guides or on their own to prospect, all America on wheels, it was inevi­ Service are best known for their sum­ of half-starved emigrants, pushing and to search for the Lost Gunsight table that Death Valley would come mer attractions. Death Valley rounds westward on a supposed short cut to silver lode. Gradually the country be­ into its own as a national playground. out the system by providing recrea­ the newly discovered gold fields, came better known. Panamint, and tion and inspiration in a vast colorful actually to discover Death Valley in Development of the monument has later Skidoo, Greenwater, and other area of mild winter climate. the winter of 1849. They were lost taken place rapidly. The construc­ picturesque mining camps lived their in the wilderness, hungry, and sick of tion of monument roads and trails, short lives and died, leaving only HISTORY the trail, and the wide salt floor of the buildings and campgrounds, water tumbled shacks, weathered timbers, The first recorded discovery of Death valley with the towering Panamints supply and sanitation, has been and broken bottles to mark their accomplished through CCG enrollee Valley is in 1849. A conjecture for its beyond were a last blow to their

4 Death Valley National Monument Death Valley National Monument 5 Frasher's, Inc., Pomona, Calif. 20-MULE TEAM HAULING BORAX ACROSS DEATH VALLEY IN THE '80's SANDS THAT HAVE REMAINED WHITE THROUGHOUT THE YEARS

labor, supervised by National Park coming of the white man their num­ food; and consequently only the salt troduced by prospectors as pack ani­ Service experts. The aim of the bers were decimated by disease and flats, with no vegetation, are barren mals, but have long since gone wild Service has been to make Death loss of old customs and arts; but the of all life. and increased in numbers. Valley accessible and safe, without damage wrought by civilization is Some 26 species of mammals have Lizards of a dozen or more species altering its rugged beauty and charm. being repaired. A new Indian village been recorded below the sea-level are abundant, except for a short pe­ of adobe cabins has been constructed contour, and many more live only at riod of hibernation in the winter. by the Government just south of INDIANS higher elevations. The most com­ They range in size from the huge but Furnace Creek Ranch. Baskets and monly seen rodent is the antelope harmless chuckawalla to the tiny For centuries the Death Valley re­ other handicraft of the Indians are on ground squirrel, but kangaroo rats, banded gecko, weak and thin-skinned gion has been inhabited by a small display and for sale in the new trad­ wood rats, and several other types in­ and often mistaken for the young of offshootofthe Shoshone Nation, called ing post. Once more the Panamints habit the mesquite thickets and even some larger kind. Snakes are com­ the Panamint Indians. Driven from are a self-sustaining tribe. the scantily vegetated rock slopes and paratively rare, the valley floor being their homes to the North many gen­ alluvial fans. Several carnivores, in­ too hot for most species during the erations back, the Panamints gravi­ WILDLIFE cluding the kit fox and coyote, are summer months. tated to Death Valley, where they occasionally glimpsed along the roads Approximately 170 species of birds were least molested by their more Animal life is surprisingly abundant in the evening. have been recorded below sea level. warlike brother. Capable of great in the monument, in contrast to the In the high country are several Most of them are only migrants or endurance, ingenious in the utiliza­ popular belief that nothing lives or hundred head of the desert bighorn. winter visitors, and include a surpris­ tion of every edible or otherwise grows in Death Valley. True, few On the verge of extinction in other ingly large number of water birds, useful plant, eating any animal that animals are seen by the casual visitor, parts of their range, they are appar­ but 14 species make the valley floor they could shoot or catch, following because most of them are nocturnal, ently increasing in the monument their permanent home. The big black the seasons in incessant migration and all are shy. Many are so adapted under rigorous protection. Wild bur­ desert raven is the one most com­ from valley floor to mountain crest, to desert conditions that they obtain ros are numerous, particularly in the monly noted. they managed to survive. With the all the moisture needed from their Panamint Range. They were first in­ Insects abound but almost never

6 Death Valley National Monument Death Valley National Monument 7 Frasher's, Inc., Pomona, Calif. AVOCETS ARE OCCASIONAL VISITORS TO THE MONUMENT THE ANNUAL EASTER SUNRISE SERVICES ON THE SAND DUNES prove annoying. Even fish are not Over most of the low country there is Under the right conditions, during Valley sage, known only from this left out of the faunal picture, as two a scattered growth of drought-resist­ the springs following heavy winter region, grows in shady, dry canyons. species of Cyprinodons, or "desert ing shrubs, interspersed with some rains, the Death Valley flower show A dozen species of cacti include the sardines," live in the saline waters of herbaceous perennials. is worth traveling many miles to see. beaver-tail, cotton-top, and cholla. Salt Creek and Saratoga Springs. Then the desert blossoms like a garden. Cactus flowers add their tones to the Dozens of varieties of annuals carpet general symphony of color in the PLANTS the fans, washes, and canyons. These spring. Among the herbaceous peren­ More than 560 species of native include, among many others, nine nials are the rare bear poppy, with plants are known from the Death evening primroses, several phacelias, peculiar bluish foliage covered with Valley watershed in the monument. the desert sunflower, and the exqui­ long, white hairs: and the wet-leaf, Since the Death Valley expedition of site "fivespot," or Chinese lantern. whose leaves are always moist, even 1891 this region has been famous for They spring up quickly, bloom and under the burning sun of the dry the number of new and rare species produce their seeds, then wither and washes where it grows. Several species discovered here, and more are being die with the coming of summer. The of desert mariposa lilies bloom in the found as time goes on. In spite of ex­ scattered seeds lie in the dust-dry soil high country, along with the mallow, treme desert conditions it is only on to await the favoring rains of some lupine, astragulus, and many others, the Devils Golf Course and the alkali following year. providing a flower display that lasts flats that nothing whatever grows. Perhaps the most typical of the well into the summer. Even here, at the very edge of the many shrubs are the desert holly and Perhaps the most extraordinary salt, is found the light green iodine- the Covillea, or creosote bush, both thing about Death Valley plants is bush, the plant that is more resistant of which thrive on the alluvial fans the strange provisions by which the than any other to salt and alkali. THE SNOWY ECRET, ALSO A RARE VISITOR and elsewhere. The beautiful Death shrubs keep alive during the burning

8 Death Valley National Monument Death Valley National Monument 9 heat and dryness of summer. They geologic sections in America. If the reduce the evaporation of moisture strata were pieced together and re­ from their surface in many ways; by stored to their proper sequence, their having no leaves, as in most of the total thickness would probably ex­ cacti; very small leaves, or leaves ceed 12 miles. Recurrent earth move­ reduced to scales; leaves that are ments have been so intense, however, varnished, or that drop off with the that the rock masses form a jumble of coming of summer; and leaves that displaced crustal blocks, isolated from have a dense covering of scales, as in one another by folding, faulting, tilt­ the desert holly, Death Valley sage, ing, igneous intrusion and burial un­ and others. Some shrubs combine two der more recent sediments. At any or three of these adaptations, and one locality, therefore, the sequence most of them have long roots which is incomplete, and can be understood penetrate deeply into the moisture soil only by examination of the area as a far below -the surface. whole. The oldest geologic era, the Archeo­ MONUMENT NURSERY zoic, is represented by the basal rocks Many of the plants native to the val­ of the region. Great thicknesses of ley may be seen growing at the gneiss, schist, quartzite, marble, and nursery near the monument head­ other types of metamorphic (altered) Frasher's, Inc., Pomona, Calif_ quarters. Here plants are grown for rocks are exposed over large areas in ALL-YEAR GOVERNMENT AIRFIELD ATTRACTS AVIATION ENTHUSIASTS TO DEATH VALLEY use in replanting and landscaping. the Panamint, Black, and Funeral The nursery is open to the public Mountains, the overlying sediments itive algae, representing one of the the valley the mountains on either from 9 to 11 in the morning and from having been eroded away. Once these oldest known evidences of life. The side are made up largely of these 1 to 4 in the afternoon. Archean rocks were ordinary lime­ rocks of this era are vividly colored in rocks; and a fine section of these dark stones, shales, sandstones, and gran­ contrast to the somber tones of the colored Paleozoic sediments may be GEOLOGY ites; but they have been greatly underlying Archean rocks. They may seen along the northern side of Death Valley has often been de­ changed by heat and pressure during be seen on either side of the valley Furnace Creek Wash. scribed as a vast geologic museum, their billion or more years of existence. near its southern end. The Mesozoic era, which succeeded only a small portion of which has The succeeding group of rocks, those Next in turn comes the huge thick­ the Paleozoic, is represented by gran­ been catalogued. Formerly so inacces­ of the Proterozoic era, are also tre­ ness of Paleozoic rocks, separated ite which forced its way into the sible and forbidding, it has been little mendously old, but much younger from those below by a profound break Paleozoic and older rocks; and by studied; and it will be several years in the geologic record, called an un­ sediments and volcanic rocks whose before more than a superficial under­ than the Archean rocks. They were conformity. All of the great rock sys­ exact age has yet to be determined. standing of its geologic phenomena laid down only after the Archean tems of this era are represented in A large area of the granite is exposed can be obtained. Enough is already rocks had been planed off by erosion, the monument. They have been iden­ in the mountains immediately north known to indicate that a remarkable a process requiring a very long period tified by the fossil remains of marine of Townes Pass. geologic story can eventually be told. of time. As compared with the Arch­ life that each contains. Thus for tens The rock column in the monument ean rocks they have been changed The close of the Mesozoic era was of millions of years this general region represents a tremendous span of geo­ (metamorphosed) but little. They accompanied by intense earth move­ was intermittently beneath the sea, logic time, including all the great consist of limestone, slates, and quartz- ments followed by long continued and thousands of feet of limestones divisions, called eras, and even the ites, and a dark volcanic rock now erosion, so that the next series of rocks and other marine sediments were subdivisions or periods of most of altered to greenstone. Some of the (Tertiary system) were deposited on built up. North of the central part of them. It is one of the most complete limestone beds contain fossils of prim- the beveled edges of the older rocks.

10 Death Valley National Monument Death Valley National Monument 11 None of the Tertiary rocks were preservation were ideal in this region. formed in the sea. They include Other types of fossils, such as fish, large amounts of volcanic rocks, in­ shell fish, and plant remains are also dicating that the Tertiary was a known, and eventually a fairly com­ period of long continued vulcanism plete idea of the life of the Tertiary in this region. Lava flows, ash and period in Death Valley will be ob­ other kinds of volcanic rock, as well tained. as water-laid sediments such as shale, The Tertiary rocks are best devel­ limestone, sandstone and conglomer­ oped along the road from Furnace ate, make up the great thicknesses of Creek to Dantes View, but are Tertiary rocks that account for most found at various places throughout of Death Valley's unique coloring. the monument. Great deposits of Apparently there were earth move­ borates and other nonmetallics have ments at various times throughout made them commercially important the Tertiary period. Folding and in the past. faulting formed undrained basins that Pleistocene or ice age time is usually were occupied by intermittent lakes, represented by glaciation. Here, and eventually filled by sediments. however, there were no glaciers. Frasher's, Inc., Pomona, Calij. During early Tertiary time the climate Instead, a large lake occupied a large SIGHTSEEING ON BABY GAUGE RAILWAY WHICH FORMERLY HAULED BORAX was comparatively humid, but ap­ portion of the valley floor, and its parently has become progressively shore lines or terraces can be seen at more arid, up to the present. flats and the Devils Golf Course were Valley is a classic example of the com­ various places in the southern half of the last minerals to be deposited, as plex, tremendous geologic forces that Fossil mammals found in the older the valley. The "salts" at the salt the lake dried up with the coming of have been at work in the past and that Tertiary rocks, represented by the the present extremely arid climate. are, in part, still active in this region. Titus Canyon formation (Oligocene), The alluvial fans, particularly those include a Titanotherium, a huge HOW TO REACH DEATH of the west side, were also built animal distantly related to the mod­ VALLEY largely during the latter part of the ern rhinoceros; and a small three- Pleistocene, and their growth has By Automobile.—All but one of the toed horse. Fossils of later Tertiary continued to the present. main highways leading into Death time are largely of a unique type, Studies of the formation of the Valley are hard-surfaced throughout. consisting of thousands of mammal mountain ranges and the valley Other entrance routes are good and bird tracks found at several places desert-type roads. Other roads are in the monument. These await com­ trough are far from complete. Their being rapidly improved. Automobile plete study, but represent the foot­ history is complicated, and the earth travelers are advised to enter by one prints of several kinds of horses, movements that went into their build­ of the following routes: camels, antelope, carnivores, and ing are seemingly different from those wading birds that inhabited the of other regions. However, it can be By United States Highway No. 66 Death Valley region millions of years said that the valley owes its origin to Barstow, thence United States ago. Strange enough, no bones of the primarily to compressional folding Highway No. 91 (Arrowhead Trail) animals that made the tracks have and fracturing of the earth's crust, to Baker; thence north on California yet been found. Such tracks have and not, like the Grand Canyon, to State Highway No. 190 through Sho­ been seldom discovered elsewhere, erosion. It was probably blocked out shone and Death Valley Junction but apparently conditions for their A PANAMINT INDIAN DISPLAYS A WATER in its present form in late Tertiary into Death Valley at Furnace Creek. BASKET 100 YEARS OLD and early Pleistocene time. Death Driving time from Los Angeles to

12 Death Valley National Monument Death Valley National Monument 13 Death Valley by this route is from 7 gasoline and oil may be secured there. quire of a ranger or consult the Inn offers every luxury at a minimum to 8 hours. This route is oiled Charter airplane service at most air­ Government bulletins at these places charge of $9.50 per day for one and throughout. ports enables the air-minded visitor for schedules of naturalist activities $15.50 for two, American plan. Rates An alternate route from Los Angeles to enter Death Valley. and special events. are $2 per day and up, European is on United States Highway No. 6 By Railroad.—A combination rail and plan, at Furnace Creek Auto Camp, through Mojave into the Owens Val­ motor tour is available for Union FREE PUBLIC CAMPGROUND with various types of cabins from which to choose. Trailer space is also ley. Turn off at Olancha or Lone Pine Pacific passengers, leaving the train Located near the mouth of Furnace available at a nominal charge. on California State Route No. 190, at Las Vegas and reaching Death Creek in a side canyon surrounded cross the Panamint Valley and Valley by car. by colorful hills, the Texas Spring Recreation facilities at Furnace Townes Pass into the monument. Regular limousine service from Las Campground has been developed for Creek include a 9-hole golf course, Travelers from central or northern Vegas, Nev., is available through air­ use by those who bring their own swimming pool, saddle horses, livery California can take either the Walker line service connections from United camping equipment or travel with a service, and tennis and badminton or Tehachapi Pass Roads from Air Lines and Western Air Express. trailer. Camping is free. Toilet facili­ courts. Filling stations, a store, res­ Bakersfield and join United States By arrangement with Riddle Tours, ties, running water, stone tables and taurant, curio shops, and garage are Highway No. 6 in the Mojave Desert, Las Vegas, Nev., through tickets may benches, oiled and graveled roads, conveniently located in this area. be purchased from any authorized following the route given above from camp sites and parking spaces for Stovepipe Wells Hotel Co. oper­ tourist agency. then on into the monument. An automobiles and trailers, give accom­ ates a hotel and cabin camp in the alternate entrance into the valley ADMINISTRATION modations for several hundred visi­ vicinity of the sand dunes, 25 miles from United States Highway No. 6 is tors. No firewood is available, and northwest of Furnace Creek. A res­ through Inyokern and Trona, thence The monument is administered by visitors should provide for an ample taurant, gas station and recreation over 27 miles of good desert-type the National Park Service in immedi­ supply before entering the monu­ facilities are available here. The road across the Panamint Valley and ate charge of the superintendent, ment, or better still, carry a gasoline minimum rate is $3 per day, Euro­ whose address is Death Valley Na­ into the monument at Wildrose or oil camp stove. Firewood and other pean plan. Requests for reservations tional Monument, Death Valley, Canyon, where an oil surfaced road supplies can be purchased at Furnace should be addressed to Death Valley, Calif. leads over Emigrant Pass to Death Creek Auto Camp. Calif. Valley. RANGERS During the summer months emer­ From points north or east, via Reno ACCOMMODATIONS Park rangers are stationed at various gency accommodations may be had or Las Vegas on Nevada State Route points throughout the monument for A variety of accommodations are at places mentioned above, except No. 5, turn off to Death Valley Junc­ the purpose of protecting the monu­ available within the monument, and Furnace Creek Inn, and also at hotels tion, or at Beatty, Nev., and enter the ment and giving information to the prices are scaled to suit the taste and or camps outside the monument. Valley via the Amargosa Desert, the visitors. They patrol the roads, en­ purse of the visitor. During periods of heavy travel to the ghost town of Rhyolite, and over Day­ force the rules and regulations, and Wildrose Service Station, on the valley it is advisable to make reserva­ light Pass into Death Valley. Both of render all possible aid to the visitor. Trona-Death Valley R.oad, provides tions in advance. these routes are oil surfaced. For accurate information ask a a store, meals and a limited number A multilithed folder containing a Accommodations are available at ranger. of cabins. All other hotels and auto road map of the monument and a Scotty's Castle all year. Prices begin camps are operated on private land, log of suggested scenic trips is dis­ at $8 single and $12 double. Rates NATURALIST SERVICE and the National Park Service exer­ tributed at the checking stations or include dinner, lodging, and break­ cises no control over them. at the monument headquarters. Illustrated evening lectures on the fast. Reservations should be made By Airplane.—An excellent gravel-sur­ history and natural phenomena of the The Death Valley Hotel Co., with well in advance. Address Manager, face airport with cross runways is monument are given at Furnace offices at 409 West Fifth Street, Los Scotty's Castle, Goldfield, Nev. A maintained at Furnace Creek. Hang­ Creek Inn, Stovepipe Wells Hotel, Angeles, operates Furnace Creek Inn $1.10 gate fee is charged all adults ar space is available on the field and and Furnace Creek Auto Camp. In­ and Furnace Creek Auto Camp. The in addition to the room rates.

14 Death Valley National Monument Death Valley National Monument 15 RULES AND REGULATIONS

[Briefed]

Let no one say, and say it to your shame, That all was beauty here until you came.

The monument regulations are de­ Do not pick, cut or otherwise de­ signed for the protection of the stroy any flower, plant, shrub or natural features and scenery as well cactus. Cutting of trees or shrubs as for the comfort and convenience for firewood, or any other purpose, of visitors. is strictly prohibited. The following synopsis is for the Hunting, killing, or wounding, general guidance of visitors who are capturing, or attempting to capture requested to assist the administration any wild bird or animal in the monu­ by observing the rules. The monu­ ment is prohibited. ment belongs to the future genera­ Use of firearms within the monu­ tions as well as the present. Help us ment is strictly prohibited. Persons take care of it. Complete regulations bringing firearms into the monument may be seen at monument head­ may be required to surrender them quarters. to any monument officer. The disturbance, destruction, de­ Gambling in any form is pro­ facement, or injury of any ruins, hibited. relics, buildings, signs, or other Private notices or advertisements property is.prohibited. shall not be posted or displayed in the Camps may be made at designated monument except when authorized. localities only, and must be kept Vehicular and other traffic within clean. Place garbage and tin cans in the Death Valley National Monu­ receptacles provided for that purpose. ment will be governed by the cur­ Use gasoline or kerosene camp stoves rent State of California Vehicle or bring your own wood, as none is Code. available. Do not throw refuse or The penalty for violation of any of trash on roads, trails, or elsewhere. these regulations is a fine not exceed­ Carry it until you can deposit it in ing $500, or 6 months imprisonment, a garbage can. or both.

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1941 O—410630