Appendix C: Biological Assessment Panamint Valley Mineral Exploration, Survey Conducted for Battery Minerals, Inyo County, Calif

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Appendix C: Biological Assessment Panamint Valley Mineral Exploration, Survey Conducted for Battery Minerals, Inyo County, Calif Biological Assessment Panamint Valley Mineral Exploration, Survey Conducted for Battery Minerals, Inyo County, California Prepared by: Russell Kokx, B.A. January 2018 December 19, 2017 Prepared by: Russell Kokx, Biologist Prepared for: Epsilon Solution Systems 901 North Heritage Drive, Suite 204 Ridgecrest, California 93555 RE: Results of the Preliminary Biological Resources Impact Assessment for the proposed Panamint Valley Mining Operations. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this memorandum report is to document and update the biological conditions and resources of the proposed Panamint Valley drill pads/exploration boring sites. The focus of this preliminary survey is to review the Project Study Area in order to identify the existing habitat types and any special-status species with potential to occur. The Project Study Area is within the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in Inyo County, California. The Project Study Area is located in the southern portion of Panamint Valley East Panamint Valley road. The six locations are located along Ballarat, Wingate, and Indian Ranch roads. (see map) . The Panamint Valley Drill Pad Project was assessed for biological resources August 22, 2017. Biological resources were evaluated based on the standard database searches conducted prior to the site visit. Proposed Panamint Drill Pads Scope of Work The proposed operation is to drill six exploration bore holes at the locations and in the manner described below, in the Panamint Valley, Inyo County, California. The primary exploration target is lithium. It is proposed to drill all six of these holes vertically to a depth of 2,000 feet each. Five of the holes will be drilled by standard reverse circulation rotary drill methods and will have a diameter of approximately 5 ½ inches. DDH-1 will be drilled with standard diamond core drilling techniques and will have a diameter of approximately 4 ½ inches. The drill rigs to be used are all standard rigs, widely used in the mineral exploration business. The drill rigs are about 8 feet wide and 30 feet long. A crew of one driller and two helpers will be used, and they will drill two shifts per day. Water consumption is expected to be about 2,000 gallons per day. All personnel will live off the project site. There will be no structures on the site other than a portable toilet. All of the proposed sites are immediately adjacent to existing County- or BLM-designated roads as shown on the attached air photo (Figure 1). Therefore, no access road construction will be required. Level sites of approximately 50 feet by 50 feet will be prepared as drill pads. The terrain is nearly level at all drill sites. In addition, 10 feet wide by 20 feet long by 5 feet deep sumps to hold drill cuttings will be dug immediately adjacent to the drill pads. The sites have been chosen to minimize disturbance of vegetation and no significant disturbance of vegetation is anticipated. Photos of the proposed drill sites are attached. Upon completion of drilling, the drill hole will be filled with suitable clay based abandonment material to a depth of ten feet below the surface and the top ten feet of the hole will be filled with concrete. Drill hole abandonment will take place immediately after completion of the drill hole. The sumps will be filled with material originally excavated and the sumps and pads will be contoured to match the land configuration present before the drilling activity. Sump and drill site reclamation will take place at the completion of the program. The operator has considerable experience executing drill programs and reclaiming drill sites in similar environments and the visual aspect after reclamation is difficult to distinguish from before. METHODS During preparation of the Biological Resources Impact Assessment for the Panamint Valley Drill Pads, Epsilon Solution Systems Inc. biologist, Russell Kokx, reviewed the results of standard database searches to obtain a list of Federally- and State-listed resources in the region. The results of these preliminary database searches provided a basis for addressing the appropriate special- status resources potentially occurring near the Study Area. Information on special-status wildlife, plants, and habitats within the vicinity of the Study Area was obtained from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) Rarefind 5 and the California Native Plant Society’s Online Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (CNPS v8-02). The database searches were conducted for the Ballarat, Panamint, Telescope Peak, Manly Falls, Manly Peak, Slate Range Crossing, Maturango Peak SE, Maturango Peak NE and Jail Canyon United States Geological Survey 7.5-minute quadrangles on August 20, 2017. Critical habitat maps were also reviewed to determine if the proposed action areas are within United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) designated or proposed critical habitat for federally listed species. In previous consultations with BLM, Le Conte’s thrasher (Toxostoma lecontei) and burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia) were also considered due to their status as BLM Sensitive species, both of these species will be considered as potentially occurring for this project. A qualified field biologist (Russell Kokx) familiar with the natural resources and special-status species of the region conducted a reconnaissance-level field survey of the Project Study Area on August 22, 2017. For the purpose of the proposed project, the APE was defined as a minimum one-acre survey at each pad location and a survey of the existing road that accesses the northern most drill pad using a 10- meter buffer on each side of the road. The overall natural resources survey footprint consists of 7 acres. Conditions during the survey were normal and suitable for detecting many of the special-status species identified in the database review; however due to the late timing of the survey, several of the potentially occurring plant species, especially annuals, could not be adequately surveyed for due to their phenology. The purpose of the field survey was to determine the likelihood of occurrence of any special-status plant or wildlife species based on the presence/absence of suitable habitat and other natural history elements that might predict their occurrence. Figure 1. Regional Over of Project Study Area RESULTS Tables of the special-status plants, wildlife, and habitats identified during the database review were created indicating the species with suitable habitat present in the Project Study Area or with elevation and or substrate restrictions precluding them from occurring (Tables 1 and 2). The occurrence potentials are Low (unlikely), Medium (fair chance of occurring), and High (suitable habitat and known from the general vicinity). The Project Study Area is located mostly in the southern portion of Panamint Valley floor. Several of the proposed drilling site locations and run up into the western base of the Panamint Range passing through alluvial fans. The Project Study Area encompasses six locations with three vegetative communities described here based on the (Sawyer, Keeler-Wolf and Evens 2009): BMR RC-1 is located at the terminus an existing road created for the Briggs Mine, the Briggs mine road was created by compacted fill within Alkali Flat basin. This location does not support any vegetation. BMR RC-2 is located just east of Wingate road where the base of an alluvial fan meets the edge of the valley floor. The habitat is Atriplex hymenelytra Shrubland Alliance (Desert Holly Scrub) The majority of the site slopes slightly westward on a surface of mixed cobble and gravel. Desert holly as the dominant shrub with some emergent creosote (Larrea tridentata) present. At the western base on the edge of the valley floor some sparsely scattered bush seepweed (Sueda nigra) occurs. BMR RC-3 is located just south of Ballarat Road and is located within the margins of Alkali Flat basin. The soils are very fine with a high alkalinity. No vegetation occurs on this site. BMR RC- 4 is on the valley floor just south of Indian Ranch Road. This site is accessible by (1,4798m) long access road which is basically a two track with vegetation in the center of the road. The site is located on sandy soils with no discernable aspect the habitat is Larrea tridentata Shrubland Alliance (Creosote Bush Scrub), The dominant perennials are creosote bush allscale (Atriplex polycarpa) and white bursage ( Ambrosia dumosa). BMR RC-5 is located southeast of Ballarat Road along the at the western edge of an Alkali Flat basin with areas of fine alkaline soils and some areas of rocky gravel covered soils. The vegetative community is a mixture of Larrea tridentata Shrubland Alliance (Creosote Bush Scrub) with elements of Suaeda nigra Shrubland Alliance (Bush Seepweed Scrub). The dominant perennials are creosote bush. , bush seepweed, (Suaeda nigra) allscale ,and desert holly. (Atriplex hymenelytra). DDH1 is located just east of Wingate road along the western edge of the Panamint mountains where they meet the valley floor. The site is located at the base of an alluvial fan with a western aspect, the alkaline soils are covered with a mixture of gravel and cobble. The vegetation is a combination of Suaeda nigra Shrubland Alliance (Bush Seepweed Scrub) and Atriplex hymenelytra Shrubland Alliance (Desert Holly Scrub). Bush seepweed is the dominant shrub with desert holly, scattered bladder pod (Peritoma arborea) and beavertail cactus (Opuntia basilaris). A complete list of plant species observed during the August 22, preliminary survey for the six proposed drill pad sites is included in Table 3. Due to the timing of this survey there was a low presence of identifiable annual vegetation, therefore the diversity is under represented. No special-status plants or wildlife were observed in the Project Study Area. Suitable habitat for special status plants is present at four of the six the proposed drilling sites.
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