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PRICE: $4.00 THE JANUARY–FEBRUARY 2020 OFFICER REVIEW® Commander-in-Chief’s Perspective ® Chapter Meetings are the Key Venue OFFICER REVIEW for Recruiting Dear Companions, As your CINC, I routinely visit chapters, attend their meetings, meet their Companions MOWW OFFICERS Commander-in-Chief and participate in their planned programs. In doing these things, the significance of LTC Charles S. Chamberlin, USA (Ret) convening, of meeting in fellowship and common purpose with others, is unmatched. [email protected] Why? One key reason is that while the Preamble is our Northstar, the chapter meeting Senior Vice Commander-in-Chief BGen Frederick R. Lopez, USMCR (Ret) is our key venue for reviewing the status of our Preamble-based efforts—to include our [email protected] recruiting efforts. Happily, our chapter meetings have a standard and comprehensive Vice Commanders-in-Chief format that is also adjustable to chapter needs—a double bonus. BG Victor S. Pérez, USA (Ret) [email protected] LTC Michael A. Okin, MD, USA (Ret) Now, think about you attending your chapter meeting as a guest and consider if your [email protected] chapter meeting is something that would make you interested in joining the Order. Maj Robert J. Williams, USAF (Ret) Even more, would attending your chapter meeting inspire you to serve as an outreach [email protected] CPT Paula R. Mitchell, Ed.D., USAR (Ret) program volunteer or in some other capacity within your chapter? Does your meeting [email protected] reflect MOWW’s motto, “It is nobler to serve than to be served?” or the Order’s tagline, Chief of Staff Brig Gen Arthur B. Morrill III, USAF (Ret) “Serving youth, community and nation?” Does your chapter meeting make it obvious [email protected] how your chapter supports these things and the Preamble, our Strategic Goals and the Treasurer General Order’s outreach programs? The reply to all should be an emphatic, “Yes.” LCDR Paul B. Webb, USN (Ret) [email protected] I submit to you that most people would like to belong to an organization (e.g., a local Judge Advocate General MAJ Andrew J. Rodnite, USA (Fmr) MOWW chapter) that conducts interesting and productive chapter meetings and [email protected] performs some kind of selfless service. Regular chapter meetings are key to that. Some Surgeon General CPT (DR) Robert E. Mallin, USA (Fmr) chapters meet nearly every month, some meet two or four times a year, but on average, [email protected] most meet about six times a year. Let’s make holding at least six well-planned and Chaplain General executed chapter meetings a year our benchmark. LTC Cheryl D. Brady, USA (Ret) [email protected] In closing, I ask each chapter commander to use their regular chapter meetings as a Historian General LTC Arthur B. Fowler, USA (Ret) key venue for recruiting. As you do, I also ask that you ensure your chapter meeting [email protected] is interesting, informative and inclusive, and so well planned and executed that it General Staff-at-Large MG Harold G. Bunch, USA (Ret) exemplifies the Order’s pride, passion and achievements. [email protected] Col Joseph L. Cordina, USAF (Ret) [email protected] LTC Jorge L. Mas, USA (Ret) [email protected] CDR George T. Parsons, USN (Ret) LTC Charles S. Chamberlin,, USA (Ret) [email protected] Commander-in-Chief LTC Don B. Munson, USA (Ret) [email protected] The Military Order of the World Wars [email protected] HQ MOWW 435 North Lee Street Alexandria, VA 22314-2301 (703) 683-4911 IDENTIFICATION STATEMENT: The Officer Review (ISSN 0736-7317) is published bi-monthly by The Military Order of the World Wars, 435 N. Lee Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-2301. Periodicals Postage paid at Alexandria, VA, and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Officer Review, 435 North Lee Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-2301 JANUARY–FEBRUARY 2020 THE VOLUME 59 • NUMBER 1 OFFICER REVIEW® WWW.MOWW.ORG Features LTC Charles S. Chamberlin, USA (Ret) 2 CINC’s Perspective Chapter Meetings are the Key Venue for Recruiting BG Raymond E. Bell, Jr., USA (Ret) 4 Cover Article Tactical Victory, Strategic Defeat MAJ Christopher Robbins, USAR (Ret) 10 Feature Article Helping Soldiers in Need LTC Kevin M. Upton, USA (Ret) 14 Feature Article Foundations & Legacy CPT (DR) James A. Brady III, USA (Fmr) 18 To Encourage The Establishment of Memorials of the World Wars Augusta Chapter Honors Vietnam Veterans GAS John J. Pershing, USA (Ret) 20 GHQ AEF, General Orders No. 38-A Carry Home Your High Ideals Departments Brig Gen Arthur B. Morrill III, USAF (Ret) 21 Chief’s Notes Continue to Live as You Have Served CPT (DR) Robert E. Mallin, USA (Fmr) 22 Surgeon’s Tent Is it Time for Another Renewal? LTC Cheryl D. Brady, USA (Ret) 23 Chaplain’s Pulpit Love Never Fails 24 Chapters in Action 28 VA: Have You Heard? 29 Companion Roll Call Reveille Taps PRICE: $4.00 THE JANUARY–FEBRUARY 2020 OFFICER REVIEW® On the Cover Japanese surrender aboard the USS Missouri, 2 September 1945 Source: Photograph: https:// www.history.navy.mil/ NARA Series, USA C-4626. See the cover article, “Tactical Victory, Strategic Defeat” on page 4. The Military Order of the World Wars THE OFFICER REVIEW ® January-February 20203 Cover Article Tactical Victory, Strategic Defeat BG RAYMOND E. BELL, JR., USA (RET) BG BULTMAN CHAPTER (AT-LARGE), MOWW “And you must hand it to them,” US Navy ADM prostrate with enormous casualties. What was Husband E. Kimmel told the Roberts Commission, it, then, that caused the Japanese warlords to “leaving aside the unspeakable treachery of it, conclude that by attacking an unprepared United that once they were launched on it, they did a fine States, they could ultimately achieve complete job.” Such was ADM Kimmel’s judgment of the 7 hegemony over the Pacific Ocean and East Asia-- December 1941 Japanese attack on the Hawaiian and defeat the US? island of Oahu. Before Pearl Harbor Japan’s Tactical Victory Well before the Oahu attack, Japan had embarked As the Commander in Chief, US Pacific Fleet, ADM on a path of imperial expansion. When Japan was Kimmel should know. Kimmel and his US Army opened to Western influences, Japan had to enter counterpart, LTG Walter C. Short, bore the bulk the industrial age by having to deal with its limited of the opprobrium for the disaster that day that natural resources—first by imitation and then by propelled the US into actively fighting in WWII. force. One of its first targets was Korea, which in These two flag officers still stand today as largely the last decade of the nineteenth century fell under responsible for failing to thwart the Japanese Japanese influence and control. tactical victory—although there are several other In 1910, Japan formally annexed Korea after the viable culprits. decisive 1904–1905 Russo-Japanese War that ended with Russia’s defeat. The war was fought due to rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and Korea. With Russia at least temporarily out of the way, northern China became a target. Economic exploitation fueled by railroad concessions led to “incidents” with China in which the Chinese fared poorly. Manchuria, carved from three USS Shaw's former northern Chinese magazine provinces, became a Japanese explodes at protectorate in 1932. In Pearl Harbor, September 1931, the Japanese 7 Dec 1941 Army attacked Chinese armed Source: NARA forces as a result of a manipulated FILE: 080-G- Japanese claim that the South 16871 Manchuria Railroad was bombed. Launched in “self-defense,” the In the overall war’s context, while the Japanese assault resulted in Mukden’s capture, and is cited as aircraft on attack the US military on Oahu was WWII’s start. a tactical victory for Japan, it was arguably the start of a strategic defeat that ended with Japan In the previous decade a document had surfaced, 4 The Military Order of the World Wars THE OFFICER REVIEW ® January-February 2020 Cover Article purportedly a memorandum from the Japanese However, Germany’s 1941 invasion of the USSR Premier Baron Giichi Tanaka to the Emperor of saw that pact negated and the Russians did not Japan. It outlined a grand concept for the conquest fight the Japanese again until the end of World of Eastern Asia and the western Pacific Ocean. War II—and then only for a few days. Meanwhile, Although its authenticity could not be established, the USSR sat on the sidelines warily watching it appears that for the first time, the US was a Japan expand its empire in East Asia and in the future target of Japan. War ending with the defeat Pacific Ocean while the US became Japan’s active of the USSR and the US was considered necessary adversary. to achieve imperial objectives. In December 1937, the Japanese drew first Japanese Grand Strategy blood with the two-hour attack, bombing and Japanese grand strategy at the beginning of the machine-gunning the gunboat USS Panay on 20th century must be seen in the context of the China’s Yangtze River. The ship was sunk with ambiance and militaristic leadership that prevailed two American sailors dead and many wounded. in the country, e.g., in terms of the “Japanese American President Franklin D. Roosevelt delivered Spirit” or Yamato-Damashii. According to Arthur a pointed letter demanding an explanation Waley writing for the British publication “The and damages. Japan replied with apologies and New Statesman and Nation” (16 October 1943), $2,000,000 in damages, saying it was a mistake. the expression originally meant Japan’s peaceful, The USSR was the next cultivated and cultural pursuits, potential opponent to which began as far back as tangle with Japanese medieval times.