Offspring 2019 #1
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United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922
Cover: During World War I, convoys carried almost two million men to Europe. In this 1920 oil painting “A Fast Convoy” by Burnell Poole, the destroyer USS Allen (DD-66) is shown escorting USS Leviathan (SP-1326). Throughout the course of the war, Leviathan transported more than 98,000 troops. Naval History and Heritage Command 1 United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922 Frank A. Blazich Jr., PhD Naval History and Heritage Command Introduction This document is intended to provide readers with a chronological progression of the activities of the United States Navy and its involvement with World War I as an outside observer, active participant, and victor engaged in the war’s lingering effects in the postwar period. The document is not a comprehensive timeline of every action, policy decision, or ship movement. What is provided is a glimpse into how the 20th century’s first global conflict influenced the Navy and its evolution throughout the conflict and the immediate aftermath. The source base is predominately composed of the published records of the Navy and the primary materials gathered under the supervision of Captain Dudley Knox in the Historical Section in the Office of Naval Records and Library. A thorough chronology remains to be written on the Navy’s actions in regard to World War I. The nationality of all vessels, unless otherwise listed, is the United States. All errors and omissions are solely those of the author. Table of Contents 1914..................................................................................................................................................1 -
Douglas Close Call
AUGUST 2020 INSIDE: Arizona Memorial Boat Tours reopen Hurricane ADouglas Close Call Pearl Harbor and the End of World War II HAWAII PHOTO OF THE MONTH Your Navy Team in Hawaii CONTENTS Commander, Navy Region Hawaii oversees two installations: Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam on PREPAREDNESS Oahu and Pacific Missile Range Facility, Barking Sands, on Kauai. As Naval Surface Group Middle A Close Call Director of Public Aff airs, Navy Region Hawaii Pacific, we provide oversight for the ten surface Highlights of Hurricane Lydia Robertson ships homeported at JBPHH. Navy aircraft Douglas squadrons are also co-located at Marine Corps Deputy Director of Public Aff airs, Base Hawaii, Kaneohe, Oahu, and training is Navy Region Hawaii sometimes also conducted on other islands, but Mike Andrews most Navy assets are located at JBPHH and PMRF. These two installations serve fleet, fighter │4-5 Director of Public Aff airs, and family under the direction of Commander, Navy Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam Installations Command. ENVIRONMENTAL Chuck Anthony A guided-missile cruiser and destroyers of MDSU-1, NAVSEA Director of Public Aff airs, Commander, Naval Surface Force Pacific deploy remove FORACS Commander, Navy Region Pacifi c Missile Range Facility equipment off Nanakuli Tom Clements independently or as part of a group for Commander, Hawaii And Naval Surface Group U.S. Third Fleet and in the Seventh Fleet and Fifth Middle Pacifi c Managing Editor Fleet areas of responsibility. The Navy, including Anna Marie General your Navy team in Hawaii, builds partnerships and REAR ADM. ROBERT CHADWICK strengthens interoperability in the Pacific. Each │6-7 Military Editor year, Navy ships, submarines and aircraft from MC2 Charles Oki Hawaii participate in various training exercises with COVER STORY allies and friends in the Pacific and Indian Oceans to Contributing Staff strengthen interoperability. -
The USS Arizona Memorial
National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places U.S. Department of the Interior Remembering Pearl Harbor: The USS Arizona Memorial Remembering Pearl Harbor: The USS Arizona Memorial (National Park Service Photo by Jayme Pastoric) Today the battle-scarred, submerged remains of the battleship USS Arizona rest on the silt of Pearl Harbor, just as they settled on December 7, 1941. The ship was one of many casualties from the deadly attack by the Japanese on a quiet Sunday that President Franklin Roosevelt called "a date which will live in infamy." The Arizona's burning bridge and listing mast and superstructure were photographed in the aftermath of the Japanese attack, and news of her sinking was emblazoned on the front page of newspapers across the land. The photograph symbolized the destruction of the United States Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor and the start of a war that was to take many thousands of American lives. Indelibly impressed into the national memory, the image could be recalled by most Americans when they heard the battle cry, "Remember Pearl Harbor." More than a million people visit the USS Arizona Memorial each year. They file quietly through the building and toss flower wreaths and leis into the water. They watch the iridescent slick of oil that still leaks, a drop at a time, from ruptured bunkers after more than 50 years at the bottom of the sea, and they read the names of the dead carved in marble on the Memorial's walls. National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places U.S. Department of the Interior Remembering Pearl Harbor: The USS Arizona Memorial Document Contents National Curriculum Standards About This Lesson Getting Started: Inquiry Question Setting the Stage: Historical Context Locating the Site: Map 1. -
The Weeping Monument: a Pre and Post Depositional Site
THE WEEPING MONUMENT: A PRE AND POST DEPOSITIONAL SITE FORMATION STUDY OF THE USS ARIZONA by Valerie Rissel April, 2012 Director of Thesis: Dr. Brad Rodgers Major Department: Program in Maritime History and Archaeology Since its loss on December 7, 1941, the USS Arizona has been slowly leaking over 9 liters of oil per day. This issue has brought about conversations regarding the stability of the wreck, and the possibility of defueling the 500,000 to 600,000 gallons that are likely residing within the wreck. Because of the importance of the wreck site, a decision either way is one which should be carefully researched before any significant changes occur. This research would have to include not only the ship and its deterioration, but also the oil’s effects on the environment. This thesis combines the historical and current data regarding the USS Arizona with case studies of similar situations so a clearer picture of the future of the ship can be obtained. THE WEEPING MONUMENT: A PRE AND POST DEPOSITIONAL SITE FORMATION STUDY OF THE USS ARIZONA Photo courtesy of Battleship Arizona by Paul Stillwell A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Program in Maritime Studies Department of History East Carolina University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Masters in Maritime History and Archaeology by Valerie Rissel April, 2012 © Valerie Rissel, 2012 THE WEEPING MONUMENT: A PRE AND POST DEPOSITIONAL SITE FORMATION STUDY OF THE USS ARIZONA by Valerie Rissel APPROVED BY: DIRECTOR OF THESIS______________________________________________________________________ Bradley Rodgers, Ph.D. COMMITTEE MEMBER________________________________________________________ Michael Palmer, Ph.D. -
Pearl Harbor
INSIDE Hawaii Military Week Events A-2 Word on the Street A-3 Radio Recon Screening A-4 SACO of the Quarter A-6 Every Clime and Place A-8 Asian/Pacific Heritage B-1 MCCS B-2 Sports B-3 Windward Half Marathon B-4 M ARINEARINEMarine Makeponos B-5 VolumeM 30, Number 19 www.mcbh.usmc.mil May 24, 2001 Epic premiers on Oahu Camp Smith Marine honored Cpl. Jacques-René Hébert MarForPac Public Affairs CAMP H.M. SMITH – A product from a diverse past, his parents had crossed archaic and outdated social and cultural lines to make a life together. His father was full-blooded Jewish, while his mother was half Spanish and half Puerto Rican. The two met in his father’s native Brooklyn, N.Y and eventually settled there. A city of asphalt and anger, poetry and police, Brooklyn boasts a patchwork of neighborhoods that vary drastically in nationality and cultural identities. But for 1st Sgt. Harry Rivera of Headquarters and Service Co., Camp H.M. Smith, his upbringing was filled with love and discipline, which shel- tered him from the hard New York streets. “New York’s diversity gave me an op- portunity to see from many different perspectives,” Rivera reflected. “My father was firm,” he remem- bered. “Whatever I did, he stressed that I do it to the best of my ability.” Image by Andrew Cooper for Touchstone Pictures And this he did. Rivera was recog- A stupendous air attack upon Pearl Harbor by bombers from the Imperial Empire of Japan shatters the world and changes the nized as Marine Corps Times “Marine course of history, in Touchstone Pictures’ epic drama, “Pearl Harbor,” which opens in theaters Friday. -
The Salvage of the USS Oklahoma & the USS Utah
SALVAGESALVAGE OFOF THETHE BATTLESHIPBATTLESHIP USSUSS OKLAHOMAOKLAHOMA FOLLOWINGFOLLOWING THETHE ATTACKATTACK ONON PEARLPEARL HARBORHARBOR 19421942--4646 The USS Oklahoma was our first battleship equipped with 14-inch rifle main battery Second unit of the Nevada Class, built at Camden, New Jersey in 1914-16. Commissioned in May 1916 The Oklahoma was 583 feet long with a maximum beam of 95 feet. She had a maximum displacement of 27,500 Tons. This shows gunnery training in 1917, during World War I USSUSS OklahomaOklahoma - -The Oklahoma was extensively modernized in 1927-29 to make her less vulnerable to air and torpedo attack -In July 1936, she was dispatched to Europe to evacuate US citizens during the Spanish Civil War AttackAttack onon PearlPearl HarborHarbor Japanese torpedo exploding against hull of the Oklahoma The Oklahoma’s berth provided the clearest approach path for Japanese torpedo bombers along battleship row ATTACKATTACK ONON BATTLESHIPBATTLESHIP ROWROW TheThe OklahomaOklahoma waswas hithit byby 99 torpedoestorpedoes becausebecause ofof herher positionposition oppositeopposite thethe innerinner harbor,harbor, whichwhich allowedallowed JapaneseJapanese bombersbombers aa clearclear approachapproach pathpath Each torpedo struck the Oklahoma’s port side at higher levels because the ship began listing soon after the first torpedo detonated. This plot was assembled by John F. DeVirgilio (1991). Capsized hull of the Oklahoma outboard of the battleship Maryland, which received almost no damage Damage Assessment: Aerial view of -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
Attack on Pearl Harbor From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Attack on Pearl Harbor Part of the Pacific Theater of World War II Photograph from a Japanese plane of Battleship Row at the beginning of the attack. The explosion in the center is a torpedo strike on the USS Oklahoma. Two attacking Japanese planes can be seen: one over the USS Neosho and one over the Naval Yard. Date December 7, 1941 Primarily Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Location Territory, U.S. Japanese major tactical victory U.S. declaration of war on the Result Empire of Japan. Germany and Italy declare war on the United States. Belligerents United States Empire of Japan Commanders and leaders Husband Kimmel Chuichi Nagumo Walter Short Isoroku Yamamoto Strength Mobile Unit: 8 battleships 6 aircraft carriers 8 cruisers 2 battleships 30 destroyers 2 heavy cruisers 4 submarines 1 light cruiser 1 USCG Cutter[nb 1] 9 destroyers 49 other ships[1] 8 tankers ~390 aircraft 23 fleet submarines 5 midget submarines 414 aircraft Casualties and losses 4 battleships sunk 3 battleships damaged 1 battleship grounded 4 midget submarines sunk 2 other ships sunk[nb 2] 1 midget submarine 3 cruisers damaged[nb 3] grounded 3 destroyers damaged 29 aircraft destroyed 3 other ships damaged 64 killed 188 aircraft destroyed 1 captured[6] 159[3] aircraft damaged 2,402 killed 1,247 wounded[4][5] Civilian casualties Between 48 - 68 killed[7][8] 35 wounded[4] [show] v t e Hawaiian Islands Campaign [show] v t e Pacific War The attack on Pearl Harbor[nb 4] was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941 (December 8 in Japan). -
The Eagle's Webbed Feet
The Eagle’s Webbed Feet The Eagle’s Webbed Feet •A Maritime History of the United States A Maritime History of the United States A Maritime History of the Uniteds The Second World War “Scratch one flattop!” “Damn it Captain, they’re getting away!” Pearl Harbor • China is the real bone of contention between the US and Japan • May 1941, Roosevelt orders the fleet to remain in Pearl Harbor • July 1941 – Oil imports to Japan halted • Japanese decision to go southeast for resources • The Soviet-Japanese Border Wars (1932-1939) o Battles of Khalkhin Gol (Nomonhan) (May-Sept 1939) o Neutrality Pact (April 1941) • The Philippines is the real target of the Pearl Harbor attack • Mahan’s influence on the IJN. “If you attack us, we will break your empire; before we are through with you …. we will crush you.” Admiral Stark (CNO) to Ambassador Nomura (Nov 1941) • What were the Japanese thinking? (Compromise Peace) Pearl Harbor (2) • Destroyed or severely damaged 8 battleships, 10 cruisers/destroyers, 230 aircraft, & killed 2400 men. Cost was 29 planes, 5 midget subs. • A “short war” meant they could ignore fuel depots, repair facilities and the submarine base. • Their air superiority meant they could ignore the US carriers • War declared on Japan the next day • On December 11th Germany declared war on the US (???) • One of the two stupidest decisions of World War Two USS Arizona USS Shaw War in the Atlantic • The US Navy’s role in the Atlantic War was: • The U-Boat War (Priority #1) • Safely convoying troops, equipment, and supplies • Destroy the U-Boat fleet • Conduct amphibious operations of Army forces • Because of Pearl Harbor, the Navy reluctantly supported the “Germany First” policy envisioned in Rainbow Five but it did not really believe in it. -
THE JERSEYMAN Remembering USS UTAH
Remembering USS UTAH... 2nd Quarter 2009 "Rest well, yet sleep lightly and hear the call, if again sounded, to provide firepower for freedom…” THE JERSEYMAN 7 Years - Nr. 62 USS UTAH (BB-31/AG-16) Ship’s bell on display at the University of Utah, in Salt Lake City Keel laid down March 1909 at New York Shipbuilding, Camden, N.J. Sunk during Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor - Dec 7, 1941 Photo courtesy of RMCM William Hughes, USN/Retired Grand Prairie, Texas (Radioman 3/c crewman aboard USS UTAH - December 7, 1941) 2 The Jerseyman The Music of World War II... For those of us that remember the big bands of the 1940‟s, and stirring World War II songs with lyrics we could actually understand, you may want to check out this website: http://www.6thcorpsmusic.us/ Vera Lynn - “Land Of Hope and Glory”, Jimmy Durante - “I‟ll Be Seeing You”, “Praise the Lord and Pass the Ammunition”, “Bluebirds Over the White Cliffs of Dover”, “Joltin‟ Joe Dimaggio”, and “Bless „em all” by Bing Crosby... they‟re all here. To hear what the German side was listening to during the war, you can find a powerful “Panzerlied”, and “Lili Marlene”. More than 200 songs, and all are downloadable at no cost. Marion Chard, who‟s father served in the European Theater of Operations (ETO), put together these musical memories in honor of her father and his World War II service with the VI Corps - 540th Combat Engineers. We ask readers to please let Marion know if you enjoyed these songs. -
Patriotic Holidays of the United States
Patriotic Holidays of the United States An Introduction to the History, Symbols, and Traditions Behind the Major Holidays and Days of Observance By Helene Henderson Foreword by Matthew Dennis 615 Griswold • Detroit, MI 48226 Table of Contents Foreword . 7 Preface. 9 Chronologies . 15 Historical Events Commemorated by Holidays and Observances . 15 Establishment of Holidays and Observances . 15 Patriotic Holidays of the United States Patriotism in the United States: An Introduction to American Patriotism, Holidays, Government, Political Parties, National Symbols, and Mottoes . 19 Armed Forces Day . 47 Citizenship Day . 63 Columbus Day . 73 Election Day and Inauguration Day . 83 Emancipation Day and Juneteenth . 97 Flag Day . 117 Independence Day . 127 Labor Day . 175 Martin Luther King Jr. Birthday . 185 Memorial Day. 207 National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day . 219 Patriot Day (September 11) . 227 Thanksgiving . 237 Veterans Day. 249 Washington’s Birthday (Presidents’ Day) . 265 5 Appendix: Primary Sources Excerpts from the Journal of Christopher Columbus (1492) . 277 The Mayflower Compact (1620) . 278 The Declaration of Independence (1776) . 280 The Constitution of the United States (1787), The Bill of Rights (1791), and Amendments to the Constitution (1795-1992) . 284 Sarah Ridg [Schuyler] Recalls President George Washington’s Birthday and Inauguration Day (1809). 307 A Letter from Sarah Josepha Hale to President Abraham Lincoln about the Creation of Thanksgiving (1863). 310 The Emancipation Proclamation (1863) and the 13th Amendment (1865) . 312 Bishop H. M. Turner Recalls the Issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation (1863). 315 Fourth of July Celebrations in Oregon (1867, 1870s). 318 Memorial Day Observances in Washington, D.C. (ca. 1870, 1885) . -
Oral History Interview #291 Joseph Edward Honish Naval Hospital, Pearl Harbor, Survivor Interviewed on December 7, 1998 by Jeff Pappas
ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEW #291 JOSEPH EDWARD HONISH NAVAL HOSPITAL, PEARL HARBOR, SURVIVOR INTERVIEWED ON DECEMBER 7, 1998 BY JEFF PAPPAS TRANSCRIBED BY: CARA KIMURA OCTOBER 17, 2001 USS ARIZONA MEMORIAL NATIONAL PARK SERVICE ORAL HISTORY COLLECTION Arizona Memorial -- 55th Anniversary Joseph Edward Honish - 1 Jeff Pappas (JP): The following oral history interview was conducted by Jeff Pappas for the National Park Service, USS Arizona Memorial, at the Imperial Palace Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada on December 7, 1998 at eleven a.m. The person being interviewed is Joseph Honish who was aboard or at the U.S. Naval Hospital on December 7, 1941. Joseph, for the record, would you please state your full name, the place and date of birth? Joseph Honish (JH): Joseph Edward Honish, born in Los Angeles, California, September 2, 1920. JP: So you’re born in Los Angeles in 1920. Did your family stay in Los Angeles through your childhood? JH: My mother was from Los Angeles, my father was from Kansas. We were out—they got married in Los Angeles. We stayed out there until the depression came and my dad had three meat markets and he lost ‘em all in Los Angeles. So we had to move back to Kansas and when I got back to Kansas, I was a sophomore in high school. JP: Okay, so you spent most of your, or all of your elementary schooling, grammar schooling in Los Angeles. JH: In Los Angeles, yes. JP: Do you remember which schools you attended? JH: Yes, I attended St. Bridget’s Catholic School up ‘til the eighth grade and then we didn’t have enough money to go into a Catholic high school, so I went to Audubon Junior High School, in Los Angeles. -
U.S. Navy D.Estroyers Lost Or Damaged During World War II
u.s. Navy D.estroyers Lost or Damaged During World War II Introduction Tin Can Sailors The destroyers of the United States Navy played key roles Tin Can Sailors is the national association of destroyer throughout World War II, starting with pre-Pearl Harbor convoy veterans. Founded in 1976, we now have over 21 ,000 members. escort and patrol duty and continuing through the post-surren Our members receive a quarterly 40-page newsletter. der occupation of Japan. Time and time again destroyers proved Widely regarded as the finest of its type, the newsletter contains their worth as they carried out difficult and often dangerous as a mix of on naval history, individual ship histories, shipmate signments. As a result of going "in harm's way," many destroyers memories, reunion notices, and much more. were lost or damaged. Although the majority were of these ships Members of Tin Can Sailors may also attend the many were lost or damaged due to enemy action, some were involved events we sponsor each year. These include a national reunion in other situations - often equally deadly - such as storms, and more than a dozen one-day Bull Sessions covering many collisions, groundings, or friendly fire. regions of the country. Our Field Day program provides opportu Through this publication we honor those ships, the men nities to spend weekends living and working aboard a destroyer who were killed or wounded aboard them, and those men who that has become a museum/memorial ship. survived uninjured but who were also in places of great danger. The Tin Can Sailors' Grant Program provides financial Much was demanded of them and they came through.